Дисертації з теми "Polymères hydrophobes"
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Soisson, Arnaud. "Développement de polymères hydrophobes résistants à haute température pour l’encapsulation de module de puissance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV024.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to develop new hydrophobicpolymeric materials for the protection of semi-conductorcomponents. These materials must withstand high temperature,strong electric fields and aggressive atmospheres such asmoisture. In this context, addition polyimides emerged as themost suitable polymers for the intended application. Thesynthesis of the encapsulant being made directly in the powermodules, it must be solvent free. Thus, we have developed newsolvent free synthesis routes of poly(aminobismaleimide)s andpoly(bismaleimide)s.First of all, different aliphatic diamines were used as a reactivesolvent in the synthesis of poly(aminobismaleimide)s to atemperature well below the melting point of the usedbismaleimide (m.p. > 300 °C). A first series of 3 newpoly(aminobismaleimide)s, crosslinked from 70 to 95 %, hasthus been made. From these first syntheses, 10 newpoly(aminobismaleimide)s have been developed. For 9 of them,aromatic diamines were used and, for the latter, a siloxanediamine. These results demonstrate that this process can begeneralized.Secondly, poly(bismaleimide)s were synthesized, still withoutany solvent. In order to do so, the syntheses of four newbismaleimides, liquid at room temperature, have beendeveloped. These compounds have an aliphatic or siloxanestructure in which a pyromellitic pattern has been or notintroduced. Their polymerization initiated with the suitable radicalinitiator leads to the formation of materials without the use of anysolvent.Depending on the choice of reagents, thermosetting materials orelastomers are obtained. These latter seem more suitable for thedesired application because, on one hand, the low viscosity ofthe reaction mixtures enables their application in a powermodule without any difficulty and, on the other hand, theirhydrophobic behaviour is stronger. One of them has aparticularly attractive thermal stability at 250 ° C and amechanical relaxation temperature almost out of the workingtemperature range. Therefore, this material may be used asencapsulant
Rocco, Caroline. "Polymérisation sous rayonnement UV et lumière naturelle de réseaux de polymères interpénétrés pour des revêtements auto-régénérants." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH8175.
Повний текст джерелаInterpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) combine properties of their different components. They exhibit high mechanical strength, good thermal stability and chemical resistance. They are thus interesting to overcome the limitations of stand-alone networks. One of the easy and efficient ways to produce IPNs involves light curing. Considering these features, photocured IPNs are very attractive materials for functional polymeric surfaces in the coating industry. This thesis reports the development of hydrophobic coatings showing self-replenishing properties upon surface damage. This concept relies on the segregation of functional groups chemically bound to a light-cured IPN network towards the surface, thanks to the energy difference between surface and bulk. Surface functionality self-repairing mechanism requires a homogeneous distribution and a sufficient mobility of functional groups in the polymeric network. Self-replenishing hydrophobic surfaces based on a UV-cured acrylate network have been firstly developed in order to demonstrate the proof of concept. In a second part, UV and visible-light cured IPNs combining two polymers (acrylates and epoxides) with low and high Tgs (self-replenishing together with mechanical resistance), showing different morphologies have been investigated. Finally, self-replenishing hydrophobic surfaces with enhanced Tg more suitable for industrial applications have been obtained
Morel-Limouzin, Corinne. "Structuration en solution de polymères amphiphiles très hydrophobes cationiques : latex, vésicules, lamelles." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066478.
Повний текст джерелаCadix, Arnaud. "Synthèse et caractérisation des propriétés de polymères amphiphiles rhéo-épaississants." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066483.
Повний текст джерелаLocatelli-Champagne, Clémentine. "Encapsulation de molécules hydrophobes par des polyélectrolytes amphiphiles : relation structure-propriétés." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00733037.
Повний текст джерелаMalinova, Alexandra. "Etudes sur la préparation et la modification de membranes hydrophobes." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20156.
Повний текст джерелаMiquelard-Garnier, Guillaume. "Synthèse et propriétés mécaniques d'hydrogels polyélectrolytes modifiés par des groupements hydrophobes." Paris 6, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343871.
Повний текст джерелаHartmann, Patrice. "Relations structure-propriétés de surface dans les polymères acryliques perfluoroalkylés." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20053.
Повний текст джерелаSchott, Marc-Alexandre. "Encapsulation moléculaire de molécules actives hydrophobes par des polymères amphiphiles aléatoires à base de poly(acide diméthylmalique)." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13510/document.
Повний текст джерелаLots of drugs meet some problems because of their poor water-solubility : poor bioavailability, desactivating metabolization, side effects. To overcome these problems, some amphiphilic polyelectrolytes have already been studied. They increased the apparent water-solubility of hydrophobic compounds, but were toxic or not degradable, thus could not be eliminated from the body. In this work, we describe the synthesis of various substituted malolactones. Anionic ring opening copolymerization of these lactones yielded random amphiphilic polyanions with varying and controlled hydrophobization ratio and aliphatic and aromatic side chains with different lengths. These polymers increase the apparent water-solubility of hydrophobic compounds. A synergy between hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions has been demonstrated when the compound is cationic. The apparent solubility of anti-infectious drugs could thus be increased by several orders of magnitude. Under intravenous injection conditions (NaCl 9 g.L-1 and pH = 7,5), these polymers form preferentially intramolecular micelles, which are not sensitive to dilution effects. As a consequence, such a drug transport system would yield no premature release. Being also degradable, these polymers could release the drug and be eliminated from the body. They meet all main physico-chemical criteria to become a drug transport system
Podhajecka, Klara. "Associating water-soluble copolymers : the role of hydrophobic side-chains on the self-assembling properties of grafted macromolecules." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066239.
Повний текст джерелаSimon, Sébastien. "Propriétés en solution et aux interfaces de polysaccharides amphiphiles." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES030.
Повний текст джерелаThe behavior of amphiphilic derivatives of carboxymethylpullulans (CMP) containing various grafting degree of alkyl (C4 to C12) chains has been studied in solution and both at liquid/air and solid/liquid interfaces. The solution properties of amphiphilic polysaccharides were studied by means of two techniques: viscometry and flow field-flow fractionation coupled on-line with multi-angle laser light scattering (F4/MALLS). The properties of these polymers are ruled by creation of intra and intermolecular hydrophobic associations and depend on both hydrophile / lipophile balance of polymers and external factors. Afterwards interfacial behavior of the polymer has been studied by using polystyrene latex particles as adsorption surface thanks to determination of adsorbed amounts and layer thicknesses. Hydrophobic interactions between the grafted alkyl chains and the surface are responsible for the adsorption of these polymers. The influence of polymer HLB as well as external factors (salinity, valence of salt) are presented. Finally preliminary results concerning the rheological behavior of latex/amphiphilic polysaccharide systems has shown that the latter present properties of a gel for studied concentrations
Le, Chatelier-Brunet Christille. "Synthèse et caractérisation de polymères amphiphiles très hydrophobes anioniques et application au contrôle de la rhéologie de fluides complexes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001735.
Повний текст джерелаChatelier-Brunet, Christille le. "Synthèse et caractérisation de polymères amphiphiles très hydrophobes anioniques et application au contrôle de la rhéologie de fluides complexes." Paris 6, 2005. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001735.
Повний текст джерелаSanquer-Barrié, Martine. "Étude photophysique et photochimique de chromophores liés à des polymères hydrosolubles : application à la séparation de charges photoinduites." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112374.
Повний текст джерелаGromer, Axel. "Visualisation de la conformation de polyélectrolytes à l’interface solide-liquide par microscopie à force atomique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/GROMER_Axel_2007.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we study the behaviour of two polyelectrolytes : DNA and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) at the solid-liquid interface by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). We simultaneously watch two different chain topologies : linear and ring. We observe that the conformation of PSS chains depends on the surface which they adsorb on. On mica and upon addition of Mg2+, the chains lie flat on the surface. The statistical analysis of the chains show that the conformation is compatible with 2D-thermodynamic equilibrium with the persistence length : lp = 12nm. On cationic lipid bilayers, the chains are more extended (lp = 34nm) and tend to form highly ordered monolayers. Moreover, we observe on partially sulfonated cycles (f=0. 6), dynamic “pearl-necklace” structures in agreement with the theoretical model for hydrophobic polyelectrolytes
Wolfs, Mélanie. "Polymères hydrocarbonés superhydrophobes élaborés par polymérisation électrochimique : une alternative à la chimie du fluor ?" Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4132.
Повний текст джерелаControlling wettability of a solid surface is important in many practical applications. This property, resulting from the combination a low surface energy material with a surface structuration, is commonly expressed by the contact angle of a water droplet on the surface. Surfaces with a water contact angle (θwater) larger than 150° are usually called superhydrophobic surfaces. Such surfaces are very interesting because of their expected self-cleaning or anti-contamination properties, which could be applied in various applications such as in biomedical devices, paint or in aeronautics for example. Among all the techniques to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces, electrochemical polymerization is a fast and versatile technique. In current literature on this field, the general approach is the use of highly fluorinated tails to reach the water-repellency. However, as observed in nature, fluorine is not necessary and can present environmental impacts. In this work, we focused on the synthesis of original monomers with hydrocarbon chain as hydrophobic part in order to find alternative to fluorine chemistry to prepare electropolymerized superhydrophobic surfaces. We succeeded to reach high water repellency (θwater > 150°) with hydrocarbon conducting polymers and we determined the influence of chemical and physical parts onto the water contact angle. We also found similar dewetting properties than the fluorinated series meaning the hydrocarbon conducting polymers could be a real alternative to fluorine chemistry
Barkallah, Amine. "Membranes et systèmes pour le contrôle des échanges de fluides dans un boîtier électronique : essais et modélisation." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20048.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we studied the impact of the application of breathing membranes on protecting boxes of calculators embarked in a car. For that, a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study was developed in order to understand the whole phenomena of mass and heat of transfer controlling the exchanges of fluids in response to changes of external and internal environmental conditions (temperature, pressure, relative humidity and vapour partial pressure). A complete characterization of the membranes by static and dynamic techniques made it possible to specify the structure of the membranes and thus to obtain full structural and morphological parameters necessary to modelling. Thereafter, a model was developed based on an in series resistances approach by considering the influence of the boundary layers on the global transfer and by coupling mass and heat transfers in the whole system. The model was validated by matching the simulation curves with experimental results carried out with an actual and a reference box under various operating conditions. Conclusions on the choice of these systems and their dimensioning were then defined and the limitations of their uses were identified. One of the problems encountered during the use of a breathing membrane was the increase of relative humidity within the case. The developed and validated model can thus be used as predictive tool and as a sizing tool of the system
Lapree-Delestre, Christine. "Synthèse et étude physico-chimique d'alginates substitues par des polyoxyalkylenes en vue d'applications d'intérêt biologique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL156N.
Повний текст джерелаMortier, Claudio. "Conception de surfaces bio-inspirées à mouillabilité contrôlée à partir de polymères conducteurs." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4110/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe control of the surface wettability is a key point for the development of innovative materials in several domains such as nano-, bio- and smart-technologies. The wettability is a function of two main parameters of the materials, such as the surface energy and the surface morphology. The combination of these two parameters allows to observe wetting phenomena as super/parahydrophobicity and superoleophobicity. These extreme abilities to repel liquids with different adhesion behaviors are very interesting properties for several industrial applications. This work presents a series of polypyrrole derivatives elaborated by electrodeposition allowing to influence the parameters driving the surface wettability. Following this approach, it was possible to develop surfaces with several types of morphology and different wetting behaviors from a low to high wettability. The different functionalizations using hydrophobic compounds grafted on various preferential positions on the monomer core yielded to para and superhydrophobic surfaces showing the impact of the surface energy and morphology on the wettability. Thanks to preliminary studies, it was showed the possibility to obtain several morphologies from spherical aggregates to fibers at the micro/nano scale. Finally, this work contributes to an upstream control of the surface wettability and morphologies for many potential applications such as water harvesting, separation membranes and self-cleaning coatings
Bezzaoucha, Fatiha. "Nouveaux polyamphiphiles cationiques : synthèse et étude de leur organisation en milieu aqueux et aux interfaces en relation avec leur structure." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL026N/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn order to improve the fundamental knowledge of the relationships between the chemical structure of intramolecular associative polymers (polysoaps) and their physical chemical properties in aqueous media, three new families of cationic amphiphilic polymers were obtained by complementary methods offering great structure variability. The corresponding polymers were comb poly(meth)acrylamides with pendant ammonium groups with alkyl side chains of variable lengths. A first investigation of their physical chemical behaviour in aqueous solutions, by viscometry and fluorescence spectrometry with two complementary fluorescent probes, showed that they displayed polysoap properties which varied progressively with their chemical features, in particular the length of the alkyl side chain, the size of the spacer between the two polar amide and ammonium groups and the polymer molecular weight. Tensiometry confirmed the prevailing of the hydrophobic effect by showing that these polymers displayed a very weak activity at the water/air interface although the corresponding molecular models showed excellent tensio-active properties. Langmuir’s films were eventually obtained in the first study of this importance on cationic amphiphilic polymers. Here again, the great structural variability enabled original observations and new structure/properties relationships were obtained for the corresponding compression isotherms
Houzelle, Marie-Christine. "Dérivés amphiphiles associatifs de la pectine diverses voies de synthèse : étude comparative des propriétés physicochimiques des solutions aqueuses en régimes dilué et semi-dilué." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL111N.
Повний текст джерелаFourmentin, Aymeric. "Revêtements polyuréthane-acrylate organiques/inorganiques superhydrophobes." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI096/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the development of organic/inorganic superhydrophobic UV-curable coatings manufactured through simple processes and from commercially available products. To achieve this goal, a hydrophilic polyurethane acrylate matrix (PUA) was used, in which several silicon-based compounds were introduced. The coatings were deposited using either bar- or spray-coating. The main objective was to structure the surface thanks to a multiscale roughness, while bringing a hydrophobic character, two properties needed to obtain a superhydrophobic coating (defined by a water contact angle superior to 150° and a water contact angle hysteresis inferior to 10°). The introduction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane molecules (POSS), presenting one acrylate and seven isobutyl ligands, brought a nanostructuration and a hydrophobic behavior to PUA coatings, even at low concentrations (≤ 1%wt.). However, the roughness obtained was not sufficient to bring the superhydrophobicity to the coatings.The introduction of fumed silica particles, functionalized by PDMS chains, established multiscale roughness and hydrophobic behavior at the surface, leading to superhydrophobic coatings. Moreover, the process had a high influence on physico-chemical modifications at the coatings’surface: superhydrophobicity is obtained for a relatively high concentration of fumed silica, 30%wt. and 60%wt. respectively for spray and bar-coating. In order to decrease these concentrations, we tried the combination of the two previous strategies: introduction of POSS molecules and fumed silica particles. This path raised the hydrophobic behavior of the coatings while keeping intact the roughness brought by fumed silica particles. This approach allowed to decrease the silica concentration needed to obtain superhydrophobicity for spray-coated coatings
Hao, Wenjun. "Atomic layer deposition of boron nitride." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1311/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis achieves 3 years of PhD studies on “Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of boron nitride (BN)”. The aim of this PhD work is to adapt the polymer derived ceramics (PDCs) route to the ALD technique for h-BN thin film growth and elaboration of functional nanostructures. A novel two-step ammonia-free ALD process, which includes ALD deposition of polyborazine at low temperature (80 °C) from 2,4,6-trichloroborazine and hexamethyldisilazane followed by post heat treatment under controlled atmosphere, has been established. Conformal and homogeneous BN thin films have been deposited onto various substrates. The self-limitation of the reactions on flat substrates and the conformality of the films on structured substrates have been verified. Functional BN nanostructures have thus been fabricated using substrates or templates with different dimensionalities. In particular, their applications as protective coatings as well as filter and absorber to purify polluted water from organic/oil hav e been investigated. Finally, a second low temperature (85-150 °C) ALD process using tri(isopropylamine)borane and methylamine as precursors has preliminary been studied in order to confirm the adaptability of PDCs route to ALD technique. BN thin films have been grown onto flat substrate and it has been proven that tri(isopropylamino)borane vapor can infiltrate into electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers.This work was carried out at University of Lyon and financially supported by the National Research Agency (project n° ANR-16-CE08-0021-01)
Heinrich, Emmanuel. "Étude rhéologique de la structuration de systèmes polymère hydrophobe-tensioactif." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES2004.
Повний текст джерелаMbadinga, Mbadinga Duchesse Lacours. "Evolution de la cutine chez les plantes et son rôle durant la terrestrialisation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30325.
Повний текст джерелаThe successful and long-lasting colonization of lands by plants required the evolution of innovations in order to survive to the novel constraints such as limited nutrient and water access, gravity, oxidative environment and UV radiations. In extant land plants, hydrophobic polymers deposited on the surface of different tissues, such as sporopollenin, cuticle, suberin and lignin, are known to contribute to the limitation of water loss, and resistance to other abiotic stresses, making them potential "terrestrialization innovations". How and when these traits evolved in plants remains elusive. Fossils data and phylogenetical analysis of genes involved in cutin biosynthesis in plants proposed cutin as the best candidate for plant terrestrialization. However, works testing this hypothesis are actually scares and the evidence limited. This thesis describes conducted investigations to determine the distribution of cutin in plants, the evolution of the genes required for its biosynthesis and the function of two of them in the model bryophyte, Marchantia polymorpha. The presence of cutin in species from the zygnematophyceae, which are the closest algal relatives to land plants, and in diverse land plants was monitored through microscopic observations and biochemical analyses. Cutin was only detected in land plants, as was one terminal enzyme in the biosynthesis of the cutin monomer, the Glycerol-Phosphate Acyl Transferases (GPATs). To confirm the origin of cutin in Embryophytes we have studied GPAT in the Bryophyte M. polymorpha. First, the expression pattern of M. polymorpha GPAT were studied using promoter:GUS fusion. The M. polymorpha GPATs promoter activities were mainly detected where cutin is formed. Then a mutant line of M. polymorpha GPAT was isolated. Macroscopic analysis of this mutant have shown that such as in Embryophytes, Marchantia cutin-related genes are involved in development of aerial organs. Biochemical analysis, reverse-genetics and phylogenetics were combined to reach the conclusion that cutin evolved in the first land plants together with one class of cutin-biosynthesis enzymes, the GPATs, and likely play a function in development in Bryophytes. This works indicates that cutin evolution in Embryophytes played a role in the terrestrialization event
Boudjema, Lotfi. "Etude des propriétés d'adsorption d'hydrocarbures par des polymères de coordination en milieu humide." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENCM0017/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis is focused on the study of wet adsorption and separation properties by porous coordination polymers. We used adsorption volumetry, gas chromatography separation techniques, fluorescence spectroscopy techniques and Monte Carlo modeling to understand the mechanisms governing the adsorption of these materials. The adsorbable molecules studied are water and hydrocarbon vapors linear (pentane and n-hexane), cyclic (cyclohexane and cyclohexene) and polycyclic (anthracene). The adsorbents studied are the Prussian Blue Analogues (ABP) as well as two reference porous organometallic materials, ZIF8 and CuBTC. Among the main results provided by this work, we have shown that Prussian Blue Analogues have remarkable hydrothermal stability conferring them very promising wet adsorption properties. Among the ABPs studied, Co [CoIII (CN)6] 0.66 ⊡0.33 .5.2H2O showed adsorption and separation properties far superior to those of other ABPs. For example, it has been possible to modulate its hydrophobic / hydrophilic balance by controlling the coordination of water on the unsaturated metal center, while preserving its lipophilic character. We have also shown that this Prussian blue analogue is capable of separating mixtures of dry or very wet hydrocarbons repeatedly. On a more fundamental aspect, we have shown that the confinement of anthracene by ZIF-8, which is a porous organometallic compound with cavities of size adjusted to that of the fluorophore, could induce a complete extinction of certain absorption bands of this one
Blin, Thomas. "Elaboration de revêtements macromoléculaires antibiofilms à base de peptides antibactériens." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES023.
Повний текст джерелаFrom a medical and economical point of view, biofilms have important negative impacts. Various approaches based on the immobilization of bactericidal substances have been developed to prevent biofilm formation on materials surfaces. However, they are not fully satisfying due to limited efficiency, toxicity, or emergence of multiresisting bacteria. Compared to these synthetic approaches, some living organisms have developed highly efficient strategies tested over eons to eliminate the microbial adhesion. For instance, amphibians excrete an epidermal mucus containing antibacterial peptides. Considering this last example, we synthesized various coatings based on hydrophilic and flexible macromolecules grafted by antibacterial peptides. First of all, copolymer brushes based on oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylates were polymerized by ATRP from planar substrates and afterwards grafted by temporin‐1Va or magainin‐1 derivatives. This strategy was subsequently successfully adapted on microparticles and on thermoresponsive polymer rushes leading to thin films showing a modulation of their bactericidal properties with emperature. Moreover, polysaccharide layers were immobilized on gold surfaces, then rafted by magainin‐1. The microstructure of these layers was tuned to optimize the accessibility of the grafted peptide. The resulting coatings showed a high activity against various bacterial strains. This work paves the way to the development of new coatings fighting biofilms, notably for (bio)medical devices
Picton, Luc. "Propriétés en solution aqueuse d'éthers cellulosiques associatifs. Influence des cosolutés et de la température : conséquences rhéologiques." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES047.
Повний текст джерелаDiop, Dior. "Films polymères minces à base de méthacrylate de glycidyle pour l'élaboration d'interfaces immunoréceptrices : étude par résonance de plasmon de surface." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583023.
Повний текст джерелаBourdon, Sylvie. "Développement d'une membrane à base d'un mélange de polymère, hydrophobe et de polymère hydrophile : élaboration, caractérisation et essais de filtration." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30248.
Повний текст джерелаKhoukh, Sihame. "Associations photostimulables entre polymère et tensioactif et application à la concepion d'émlsifiant : contrôle de la stabilité et de l'inversion d'émulsions par la lumière." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066534.
Повний текст джерелаBenjelloun, Abdesselam. "Synthèse et étude du comportement en milieu aqueux de nouveaux polymères amphiphiles cationiques dérivés de la 3-vinylpyridine." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL027N.
Повний текст джерелаCharpentier, Dominique. "Carboxyméthylcelluloses à hydrophobie variable : propriétés associatives en solution diluée et semi-diluée." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES012.
Повний текст джерелаRuchmann, Juliette. "Photo-renaturation de protéines par des macromolécules chaperonnes." Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464683.
Повний текст джерелаDziadosz, Laure. "Synthèse de nouveaux copolymères amphiphiles cationiques à blocs, par voie radicalaire à l'aide d'iniferters : étude de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques en milieu aqueux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_DZIADOSZ_L.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBaigl, Damien. "Etude expérimentale de polyélectrolytes hydrophobes modèles." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003620.
Повний текст джерелаFischer, Arnaud. "Synthèse de nouveaux copolymères amphiphiles cationiques a blocs par voie radicalaire contrôlée et examen de leurs propriétés physico-chimiques en solution aqueuse." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL069N.
Повний текст джерелаMoro, Solenn. "Elaboration de matériaux poreux par agrégation et consolidation de suspensions de silices hydrophobées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00952817.
Повний текст джерелаDru, Delphine. "Synthèse, optimisation et caractérisation des nouvelles architectures catalytiques pour une application en pile à combustible PEMFC." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2277/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis research work is within the scope of new catalysts for PEM fuel cells. The objective is to decrease the platinum amount in the electrode and to promote mass and electronic transfers, in order to improve the durability of the systems. We developed catalysts that enable the implementation of the phenomenology of the triple phase boundary at the molecular scale. The fieldwork concerns the grafting of proton conducting polymers (PSS) on the platinum nanoparticles surface in order to obtain nanocomposite catalysts. All synthetized materials are characterized in electrochemical half-cell, in order to determine the most active and the most selective catalyst. Then, the best catalytic complexes are tested in PEMFC 5 cm² and 25 cm² single-cell to determine in situ performance and materials durability. The properties of the nanocomposites electrodes formulated without Nafion®, are equivalent to commercial systems. Indeed, they provide a maximum power density of 1 W.cm-2 and a durability of 20 µV.h-1 during 300 h. These electrodes formulated without fluorinated compound allow platinum recycling by pyrolysis
Deschênes, Louise. "Organisation moléculaire de films de Langmuir de polymères non-ioniques. Cas du PEO et effet de la nature du bloc hydrophobe sur ses copolymères blocs à l'interface air/eau." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25354/25354.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаQuellec, Patricia. "Nanosphères "furtives" à base de copolymères biodégradables pour la libération contrôlée de principes actifs hydrophobes et de protéines." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL133N.
Повний текст джерелаJing, Jing. "Design and evaluation of hydrophobic drug delivery systems based on chemically modified polysaccharides : toward new approaches for anticancer therapy." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV010/document.
Повний текст джерелаHyaluronic acid is a highly hydrated polysaccharide of great biological interest. It can be easily chemically modified, resulting in many kinds of functional polysaccharide derivatives. In this thesis, we have synthesized different types of HA derivatives in aqueous media. These comprise alkylated HA derivatives, HA-cyclodextrin conjugates, and hybrid copolymers made of HA and of a thermosensitive ethylene glycol copolymer. Based on the ability of alkylated HA and cyclodextrin grafted HA to accomodate hydrophobic molecules paclitaxel into their hydrophobic “nanocavities”, we then demonstrated the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules based on these HA derivatives. The loading of PTX in the nanoshell was achieved by first complexing PTX with HA derivatives in solution and then, depositing these PTX-containing polyelectrolytes alternately with poly(L-lysine) according to the layer-by-layer technique. In the two cases, the PTX loaded capsules were found to decrease the viability and proliferation of MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells, while unloaded capsules did not impact cell viability. Due to these promising results, these hydrophobic polysaccharide nanoshells open new avenues for applications of hydrophobic drug-carrier systems in nanomedicine.Thiol modified poly(diethyleneglycolmethacrylate - oligoethyleneglycolmethacrylate (poly(DEGMA-co-OEGMA)) was reacted with a HA-maleimide conjugate to obtain HA- poly(DEGMA-co-OEGMA). The LCST value of this HA-copolymer was determined to be around 35°C via turbidity measurements. At the body temperature, HA-copolymer was thus shown to self-assemble into nanogels with the ability to encapsulate hydrophobic molecules into their hydrophobic domain. . In vitro cell culture studies showed that with incorporating the hydrophobic anti-cancer drug paclitaxel, the nanogels exhibited high efficiency and selectivity in the eradication of CD44 positive human ovarian cancer cells. These results suggest that these temperature-triggered nanogels hold great potential for the delivery of chemotherapeutics in anti-cancer therapy
Glinel, Karine. "Polysaccharides perfluorés dérivés de pullulane : synthèse et étude des propriétés en solution." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES009.
Повний текст джерелаSinquin, Anne. "Alginates associatifs : synthèse et étude physico-chimique en milieu aqueux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL035N.
Повний текст джерелаHayoun, Pascaline. "Partial wetting of thin liquid films in polymer tubes." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066202/document.
Повний текст джерелаPolymer tubes, made of PDMS or PVC, are versatile, low cost, hydrophobic materials. They are heavily used in industry for transferring more or less complex fluids such as drinkable water, emulsions (e.g milk), suspensions (e.g coffee), or solution of active molecules (e.g pharmaceutics). Most of these applications involve repeated, intermittent flow of liquids which can lead to unwanted contamination. This study aims at better understanding the mechanisms of contamination for intermittent flow. We experimentally and theoretically investigate the flow regimes of low viscosity liquid slugs flowing down a vertical tube under partial wetting condition. Two processes are in competition: because of the large slug velocity, a liquid film tends to be created at the back of the slug whereas because of the partial wetting condition, the liquid film dewets. We investigate how this competition controls film deposition in hydrophobic tubes. We show that above the threshold velocity for dynamic wetting which is much lower than predicted by Cox-Voinov, a previously unknown regime is found where we observe a velocity dependent thick film well before the classical Landau-Levich-Derjaguin regime
Bataille, Isabelle. "Propriétés associatives en solution aqueuse de dérivés alkylés de carboxyméthylpullulanes." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES013.
Повний текст джерелаTran, Thanh Hien. "Couches minces copolymères plasma anti-buée élaboration et caratérisation : élaboration et caratérisation." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1012/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe PhD work is focused on the deposition of a multilayer coating with an anti-fog top layer obtained thanks to the plasma copolymerization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers and an intermediate barrier layer, also obtained by plasma deposition on polycarbonate. The work is divided into 3 parts: the independently preparations of the two monolayers, barrier and anti-fogging ones, then the barrier-antifog multilayer deposition. The characterization of the thin films obtained is based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.The barrier plasma-layer is issued from by the mixture of dioxygen and one of these three organosilicon precursors : hexamethyledisiloxane ; 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane ; triethoxyfluorosilane. The influence of the plasma conditions such as discharge power, monomer/dioxygen ratio, deposition duration on the chemical structure and the hydrophobicity of the different types of the organosilicon layers was studied. The results of permeation with liquid water or dioxygen show that the barrier property of the organosilicon layer is more efficient than that of the fluorinated layer. Anti-fog plasma-copolymer is synthetized from two hydrophilic and hydrophobic precursors deposited by pulsed plasma mode. The precursors such as 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid were selected for the hydrophilic part while the 1H, 1H, 2H-perfluoro-1-decene will be associated to the oleophobic part. The dependence of the chemical structure and the morphology of the anti-fog layers is studied according to the hydrophilic/oleophobic distribution and the deposition time
Gaucher, Geneviève. "Mise au point de nanoparticules polymères pour l'administration parentérale d'agents anticancéreux hydrophobes." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3571.
Повний текст джерелаMany highly potent anticancer drugs are characterized by poor aqueous solubility and can impart significant systemic toxicity. This toxicity can be attributed in part to the solubilisation of these anticancer agents with low molecular weight surfactants that are known to cause serious biological side effects on their own. Moreover, following their intravenous (IV) injection, the anticancer agents distribute throughout the body, causing deleterious effects in healthy organs and tissues. Colloidal polymeric drug carriers have been investigated as a means to circumvent these drawbacks. First, polymeric materials can be tailored to meet specific requirements in terms of biocompatibility, biodegradability and affinity for the cargo molecule. Second, associating a drug to a carrier system can drastically alter its distribution throughout the body, enhancing its deposition at the target site, e.g. the tumour, while sparing healthy tissues, thus minimizing systemic toxicity. Previous work in our group has led to the design of block copolymer micelles based on poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PVP-b-PDLLA) that were shown to solubilise hydrophobic anticancer agents such as paclitaxel (PTX). PTX is commercially available as Taxol®, a Cremophor EL (CrEL)-based formulation. CrEL is a low molecular weight surfactant that has been linked to severe side effects including life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Although PTX-loaded PVP-b-PDLLA micelles have demonstrated much improved tolerability compared to Taxol®, they did not increase PTX tumoral concentrations and exhibited anticancer efficacy similar to Taxol® at equivalent dosage. This was attributed to rapid destabilisation of the micelles and release of their cargo following IV administration. We chose to pursue our work with a colloidal drug carrier that exhibits greater stability compared to block copolymer micelles, i.e. polymeric nanoparticles. The main objective of this project was to develop polymeric nanoparticles for the parenteral delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs. The nanoparticles had to meet certain requirements such as be able to encapsulate hydrophobic anticancer drugs and release them in a controlled fashion over several days. Furthermore, the nanoparticles should confer prolonged plasma residence times to the encapsulated drug and favour its passive accumulation at its intended site of action, i.e. the tumour. The first part of this work focussed on applying PVP-b-PDLLA for the first time as polymeric emulsifier for the preparation of PDLLA nanoparticles with appropriate mean diameters (250 nm) using an oil-in-water emulsion method. Two hydrophobic anticancer drugs, PTX and etoposide (ETO), were successfully incorporated into the nanoparticles. A salting-out method was applied to enhance the loading efficiency of ETO, which was initially low given its slightly higher aqueous solubility compared to PTX. Both drugs were released in a controlled fashion from the PDLLA nanoparticles in vitro. Because of the lyoprotective effect of PVP, the polymer corona allowed for the particles to be easily redispersed in aqueous media following lyophilisation. The second part of the thesis aimed at evaluating whether the PVP coating could confer “stealth” properties to the PDLLA nanoparticles. Our study provided direct comparison between PVP and PEG, the most widely employed surface agent in drug delivery. In vitro protein adsorption and phagocytosis studies corroborated the in vivo findings, which showed that PVP-coated nanoparticles were rapidly cleared from circulation following their uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system. Hence, our results indicated that PVP as coating materiel is not as efficient as PEG in conferring “stealth” properties to polymeric nanoparticles. Consequently, in the last section of this thesis, PEG was selected as coating agent while various biodegradable polymers were investigated as core-forming materials. Both synthetic (PDLLA and lactide/glycolide copolymers) and natural (polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)) polyesters were tested. Our results demonstrated that the physicochemical properties of the polyesters significantly influenced the loading efficiency and release kinetics of PTX. While nanoparticles based on synthetic polyesters exhibited high encapsulation levels and controlled PTX release in vitro, PHA-based nanoparticles exhibited immediate unloading of their cargo. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in rodents revealed that encapsulating PTX in PEG-coated PDLLA-based nanoparticles led to enhanced plasma residence time and tumour deposition of the drug compared to Taxol®. Polymeric nanoparticles thus represent an appealing alternative to Taxol®.
Le, Garrec Dorothée. "Mise au point de micelles polymères pour la formulation d'agents anticancéreux hydrophobes." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15655.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Hajj Obeid Rodolphe. "Étude des poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s munis d'extrémités hydrophobes en solution aqueuse et à linterface eau/air." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6573.
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