Статті в журналах: "Polymer-rubber compositions"

1

Kakhramanov, Najaf T., Ulviya M. Mammadli, Nushaba B. Arzumanova, Zulfira N. Huseynova, Esmira V. Dadasheva, and Bakhtiyar A. Mammadov. "PROPERTIES OF DYNAMIC THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS BASED ON POLYPROPYLENE AND BUTADIEN-NITRIL RUBBER." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 7 (July 21, 2019): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196207.5781.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The study results of the influence of butadiene-nitrile rubber different grades concentration, cross-linking agent type and content on the physico-mechanical and thermo-deformation properties of polymer compositions based on polypropylene are presented. Mixing of the components was carried out on hot rollers in the melt mode at 170 °C. A preliminary study of rubber concentration affect on the properties of compositions based on polypropylene showed that the introduction of an elastomeric component leads to a regular decrease in the strength and elongation at break of the compositions. The results of investigation of the thermo-deformation properties of polymer compositions showed that at a rubber concentration of 30wt%, and higher on thermomechanical curves, the region of the high-elastic state characteristic of rubbers is noticeably distinguished. Taking into account that the rubber materials are obtained during the process of their vulcanization, it seemed interesting to crosslink materials with two types of vulcanizing agents – dicumyl peroxide and sulphur for obtaining comparable results. The concentration of dicumyl peroxide was varied between 0.5 - 2.0 wt%. It was found that the use of dicumyl peroxide in an amount of 1.0-2.0 wt% is accompanied by intense occurrence of crosslinking with the formation of an irreversible highly crosslinked structure in the polymer composition. Based on the evaluation of the melt flow index of the vulcanized compositions, it was found that at the concentration of dicumyl peroxide in an amount of 0.5 wt% they still retain the ability to flow. At concentrations above 0.5 wt% of dicumyl peroxide the polymer compositions completely lose the fluidity of the melt. It was found that with an increase in the sulphur concentration from 3.0 to 10 wt% the decrease in the melt flow index from 2.76 to 0.616 g/10 min is observed. It was found that the crosslinking process predominantly proceeds through double bonds of butadiene-nitrile rubber, thereby facilitating the production of dynamically vulcanized polymer materials with a unique combination of structure and properties. This was confirmed by the results of a study of the thermo-deformation characteristics of compositions, according to which a transition from the region of a high-elastic state to viscous-flow state is observed in all samples subjected to sulfur vulcanization. The results of the study make it possible to state that dynamic thermoplastic elastomers can be obtained only if the ratio of the components used in the polymer composition is correctly selected.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

2

KOWALSKA, EWA, MAGDALENA ZUBROWSKA, and MAREK BORENSZTEJN. "Heterophase thermoplastic polymer compositions modified with rubber wastes." Polimery 48, no. 09 (September 2003): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2003.633.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

3

Rajeev, R. S., and S. K. De. "Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Waste Rubber and Plastics." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 77, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 569–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547837.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract This paper reviews the utilization of waste rubber and waste plastics for the preparation of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). TPEs based on ground rubber tire (GRT), waste EPDM rubber, waste nitrile rubber, recycled rubber, latex waste, and waste plastics are described with respect to composition and physical properties. It is found that part of the rubber phase or plastics phase or both in the rubber-plastics blend can be replaced with corresponding waste polymer for the preparation of thermoplastic elastomers. In many cases, the materials prepared from waste polymers show properties comparable to those prepared from fresh polymers. However, in some cases, the materials prepared from waste rubber or waste plastics cannot be classified as TPEs, as the blend compositions show very low elongation at break. Modification of the waste polymer or the use of compatibilizers result in stronger composites.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Semenova, S. N., and A. M. Chaykun. "HIGHLY HEAT-RESISTANT SILICONE RUBBER COMPOSITIONS (review)." Proceedings of VIAM, no. 11 (2020): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2307-6046-2020-0-11-31-37.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A review of the scientific technical literature in the field of modern research on silicone rubber compositions with high temperature resistance, including those with fire-resistant properties, is presented. The polymer bases and heat-stabilizing and flame-retardant additives used in the developments, as well as methods for preparing rubber mixes and rubbers are shown. Features of compounding materials with a combination of heat resistance and fire-resistance are noted. The relevance of research for the needs of aviation equipment is shown.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

5

Mustafaeva, Rena E. "SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PROPERTIES OF ELASTOMER-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS BASED ON COOLIGOMERS OF POLYOXYPROPYLENE GLYCOL AND 4,4'-DIPHENYL-METHANE DIISOCYANATE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 2 (February 8, 2019): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196202.5764.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A study was conducted in order to obtain a highly adhesive and highly elastic coating of the adhesive and sealing composition. Cooligomers of polyoxypropylene glycol and 4,4'-diphenyl-methane diisocyanate were obtained and their copolycondensation kinetics was studied. It has been established that the urethane formation reaction proceeds through a migration polymerization based on the addition of mobile hydrogen atoms of the polyester to the nitrogen atom. The morphology of the synthesized cooligomers was studied by IR spectroscopy. It was shown that the combination of cooligomer with butyl rubber (a copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene) increases the elasticity of the system, relieves shrinkage and increases the thermal and chemical resistance. In order to obtain an adhesive and highly elastic composite material, we studied mixtures of polyurethane cooligomer with butyl rubber (BK), which has high rates of heat resistance, elasticity and chemical resistance in aggressive environments. It was shown that when polyurethane copolymer is mixed with butyl rubber, a polymer system is formed, the macromolecules of which mechanically interact with each other to form so-called interpenetrating grids. This composition is also the very stable in aggressive environments, which makes its application promising. Comparison of the data of differential thermal analysis of the cooligomer and the composition of cooligomer + butyl rubber shows that the resulting composition is thermally more stable than the cooligomer. An important scientific and technical problem of improving the quality of adhesive compositions has been solved. Because of the study, recommendations have been developed for improving the properties of adhesive compositions that are competitive with existing analogues, according to the formulation of the structure, technology for the preparation and use of adhesive compositions. The compositions obtained in this way can be used in the production of polymer products for the petroleum and engineering industries.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

6

Negmatov, Soyibjon, T. Ulmasov, Farxod Navruzov, and S. Jovliyev. "Vibration damping composition polymer materials and coatings for engineering purpose." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 05034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126405034.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

To develop and create effective vibration-damping composite polymer materials (VDСPM) with high viscoelastic and strength properties, the choice of research objects to increase durability reduces vibration of parts and structures of machines consequently, the noise level in industrial premises is stated and substantiated. A method is described for studying the viscoelastic properties, adhesive strength, microhardness, impact strength of polymer coatings, and compositions based on them, filled with organomineral ingredients. The results of studies of the viscoelastic and physicomechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on epoxy polymers and an organomineral filler - rubber powder are presented. Based on complex analyzes and the obtained results of the study of the physicomechanical and viscoelastic properties of materials, several effective compositions of vibration-damping polymer materials using rubber powder have been developed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

7

Yanov, Vladislav V., Rishat R. Yusupov, and Lyubov A. Zenitova. "Fungal Resistance of Polymeric Composite Materials Based on Polypropylene and Natural Rubber." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.759.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Research has been carried out to assess the impact of mold fungi on polymer composite materials based on polypropylene produced by Omsk Polypropylene Plant LLC and unrefined natural rubber produced in Vietnam, grade RSS-1. The amount of natural rubber varied up to 15% of the mass. The fungal resistance of the compositions to the following types of fungi was assessed: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus, Chaetomium globosum, Paecilomyces variotii, Penicillium funiculosum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Trichoderma viredens. The decrease in the weight of the samples after incubation depends on the content of natural rubber in the composition. With the content of natural rubber in the composition in an amount of 1%, the average weight loss is 0.4% by weight, and when the content of natural rubber is 15% by weight. already ~ 2% of the mass. Starting with the addition of natural rubber in an amount of 1% by weight, the growth of fungi occurs, and the degree of their development is characterized by points 3-5. The resulting compositions are biodegradable, susceptible to the action of fungi, and, therefore, the manufacture of materials based on them will be an environmentally friendly alternative for further use.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

8

Yadykina, V., S. Navolokina, and Anatoliy Gridchin. "INCREASING THE RESISTANCE OF MACADAM-MASTIC ASPHALT CONCRETE TO RUT FORMATION DUE TO THE USE OF POLYMER MODIFIERS." Construction Materials and Products 3, no. 6 (February 14, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2618-7183-2020-3-6-27-34.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Rutting is an important problem in Russia today. One of the ways to improve the properties of asphalt concrete mixtures and reduce wear on road surfaces is to modify the binder with polymer additives. The aim of the work was to test the selected compositions of MMAC mixtures containing bitumen modified with the addition of sevilene and rubber for rutting resistance, which make it possible to predict the formation of plastic rut. It was revealed that when using sevilen in its composition, with an increase in the concentration of vinyl acetate, the depth of the track increases in comparison with the industrial polymer-bitumen binder. It is shown that with the introduction of a complex additive based on sevilen and rubber into the binder composition, its rutting decreases and the service life of the road surface increases, which indicates a high elasticity of the complex-modified binder. In this work, the calculation of the service life of the coating before the formation of a critical rut requiring repair of the coating is carried out. It was found that in terms of the slope of the rutting curve and the proportional depth of the rut, the compositions with sevilene and rubber are not inferior to traditional industrial PBB.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

9

Shafiq, Mohamad Danial, and Hanafi Ismail. "Multifunctional rubber seed biomass usage in polymer technology and engineering: A short review." BioResources 16, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 4649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.shafiq.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Hevea brasiliensis is the most relevant source of natural rubber-based products in the world, and it is mostly found in Southeast Asia. This species is highly functional because its seeds can be utilized as a starting material for many essential applications related to polymer engineering and technology. The main practical compositions are its shell and kernel. The importance of each composition is varied based on the content of each structure. The kernel is predominantly composed of oil, where the oil can be utilized for the production of biofuel and to impart flexibility in many polymer-based composites. Furthermore, the carbon and lignocellulosic contents are heavily represented in the shell of the rubber seed, making the shell useful as a natural resource for carbon-derived applications.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

10

Varyan, Ivetta, Natalya Kolesnikova, Huaizhong Xu, Polina Tyubaeva, and Anatoly Popov. "Biodegradability of Polyolefin-Based Compositions: Effect of Natural Rubber." Polymers 14, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030530.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Recently, environmental problems caused by the overproduction and consumption of synthetic polymer materials led to an urgent need to develop efficient methods for processing plastics. The accumulation of polymer waste for their subsequent incineration does not solve the problem due to the limited areas of landfills for waste storage. In addition, the incineration of polymer waste can cause toxic air pollution, which, in turn, does not contribute to an improvement in the environmental situation. Recycling plastics, although a more environmentally friendly waste disposal method, requires significant labor and energy costs and can be performed a limited number of times. Thus, the most promising solution to this problem is the creation of biodegradable polymers capable of degradation with the formation of simpler chemical structures (water, carbon dioxide, biomass, etc.), which are easily included in the metabolic processes of natural biological systems. The article provides an overview of the main trends in the creation of biodegradable composites for the needs of agriculture. Also, the article proposes a new composition based on polyethylene with natural rubber that surpasses existing biodegradable materials in a number of physical and mechanical characteristics and has the ability to complete biodegradation in 60 months. It is shown that the studies carried out to date indicate that these composites are highly promising for the creation of biodegradable packaging materials with good performance characteristics. Thus, it was concluded that further research on composites based on polyethylene and natural rubber is important.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

11

Sukhareva, K. V., I. A. Mikhailov, and E. E. Mastalygina. "Properties of Elastomeric Adhesive Composition Based on Chlorinated Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber Obtained by Mechanochemical Halide Modification." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.308.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper is devoted to the main characteristics of adhesive composites based on chlorinated isobutylene isoprene rubber with different content of chlorine obtained by the novel technology of mechanochemical halide modification of rubbers based on mechanical initiating of the combination reaction of halide in liquid phase. In the work the basic properties characterizing adhesive, protective and paint coatings have been studied with the main focus on dependence of the materials properties on chlorine content in chlorinated isobutylene isoprene rubber used as polymer basis of adhesive compositions under investigation. Based on the study results of the technological properties of elastomeric adhesive composition, the optimal adhesive composition has been recommended.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

12

Phatcharasit, Kritsada, Wirach Taweepreda, and Patompong Phummor. "Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Sulfur-Cured Natural Rubber/Polyethylene/Epoxidized Natural Rubber Blends." Key Engineering Materials 757 (October 2017): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.757.14.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The polymer blend was prepared from natural rubber (NR) and polyethylene (PE) powder blended with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) by using an internal mixer. In this study, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was used as compatibilizer for the blends. Blending ENR with PE powder and NR were prepared at various compositions from 0-20% by weight. Then, specimens from the blends were produced by compression molding at 150 °C. The mechanical and morphological properties of the composites were investigated. It was found that the addition of ENR content has improved the tensile strength, compression set and hardness for the ternary compositions composed of NR/PE powder/ENR compared to the binary one (i.e. NR/PE powder). ENR contributed to a better dispersion between the NR and PE phases as observed in the scanning electron microscopy.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Fasylova, D. I., L. A. Zenitova, and A. R. Vafina. "The Use of Low-Molecular-Weight Silicone Rubber in Polymer Compositions." Kauchuk i Rezina 79, no. 4 (2020): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47664/0022-9466-2020-79-4-192-195.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Borsacchi, Silvia, Umayal Sudhakaran, Lucia Calucci, Francesca Martini, Elisa Carignani, Massimo Messori, and Marco Geppi. "Rubber-Filler Interactions in Polyisoprene Filled with In Situ Generated Silica: A Solid State NMR Study." Polymers 10, no. 8 (July 25, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080822.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In this paper we used high- and low-resolution solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques to investigate a series of polyisoprene samples filled with silica generated in situ from tetraethoxysilane by sol-gel process. In particular, 1H spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times allowed us to get insights into the dynamic properties of both the polymer bulk and the bound rubber, and to obtain a comparative estimate of the amount of bound rubber in samples prepared with different compositions and sol-gel reaction times. In all samples, three fractions with different mobility could be distinguished by 1H T2 and ascribed to loosely bound rubber, polymer bulk, and free chain ends. The amount of bound rubber was found to be dependent on sample preparation, and it resulted maximum in the sample showing the best dispersion of silica domains in the rubber matrix. The interpretation of the loosely bound rubber in terms of “glassy” behaviour was discussed, also on the basis of 1H T1 and T1ρ data.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

15

Negmatov, S. S., N. S. Abed, R. Kh Saidakhmedov, T. U. Ulmasov, A. Y. Grigoriev, V. P. Sergienko, K. S. Negmatova, et al. "Research of viscoelastic and adhesion-strength property and development of effective vibration absorbing composite polymeric materials and coatings of mechanical engineering purpose." Plasticheskie massy, no. 7-8 (September 17, 2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2020-7-8-32-36.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The choice of objects of research for reducing vibration of parts and increasing the durability of machine designs and, consequently, the noise level in industrial premises is stated and justified. Methods for obtaining vibration-absorbing polymer compositions and samples for their testing under vibration conditions are described, as well as methods for studying viscoelastic properties, chemical structure, adhesive strength, microhardness, impact strength of polymer coatings and thermal conductivity of the obtained samples from compositions based on homopolymers filled with organomineral ingredients. The results of studies of the vibration-absorbing and adhesive-strength properties of polymer composite materials based on epoxy polymers and an organomineral filler - rubber powder are presented.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

16

Gunaydin, Abdullah, Clément Mugemana, Patrick Grysan, Carlos Eloy Federico, Reiner Dieden, Daniel F. Schmidt, Stephan Westermann, Marc Weydert, and Alexander S. Shaplov. "Reinforcement of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Employing Poly(isobornyl methacrylate) (PIBOMA) as High Tg Thermoplastic Polymer." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101626.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A set of poly(isobornyl methacrylate)s (PIBOMA) having molar mass in the range of 26,000–283,000 g mol−1 was prepared either via RAFT process or using free radical polymerization. These linear polymers demonstrated high glass transition temperatures (Tg up to 201 °C) and thermal stability (Tonset up to 230 °C). They were further applied as reinforcing agents in the preparation of the vulcanized rubber compositions based on poly(styrene butadiene rubber) (SBR). The influence of the PIBOMA content and molar mass on the cure characteristics, rheological and mechanical properties of rubber compounds were studied in detail. Moving die rheometry revealed that all rubber compounds filled with PIBOMA demonstrated higher torque increase values ΔS in comparison with rubber compositions without filler, independent of PIBOMA content or molar mass, thus confirming its reinforcing effect. Reinforcement via PIBOMA addition was also observed for vulcanized rubbers in the viscoelastic region and the rubbery plateau, i.e. from −20 to 180 °C, by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Notably, while at temperatures above ~125 °C, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) rapidly loses its ability to provide reinforcement due to softening/melting, all PIBOMA resins maintained their ability to reinforce rubber matrix up to 180 °C. For rubber compositions containing 20 phr of PIBOMA, both tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with increasing PIBOMA molecular weight. In summary, PIBOMA, with its outstanding high Tg among known poly(methacrylates), may be used in the preparation of advanced high-stiffness rubber compositions, where it provides reinforcement above 120 °C and gives properties appropriate for a range of applications.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Ou, Zu Min, and Fu Jian Li. "Studies the Key-Technologies of Karamay Matrix Asphalt Used in SBS Modified Bitumen." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1308.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper studied the performance of SBS modified Karamay asphalt and asphalt mixtures for the purpose of widely applies it to Xinjiang highway. The effects of the different compositions of equal density modifier on modified asphalt and the compatibility of the matrix asphalt with its modifier were investigated by adjusting the content of reclaimed rubber and SBS polymer. Experiment results indicate that modified asphalt has the best performance when the modifier particles consist of 48.6% SBS polymer, 43.2% reclaimed rubber and 8.2% adjuvant. It is shown that the applying of modifier particles can improve the performance of Karamay modified asphalt and HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt) dramatically.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

18

Garton, Andrew, David N. Batchelder, and Chunwei Cheng. "Raman Microscopy of Polymer Blends." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 7 (July 1993): 922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934415390.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The potential of Raman microscopy for the examination of phase structure and composition of polymer blends is described. Provided that highly efficient collection optics are used, together with a CCD camera detector, the common problems of specimen heating and fluorescence can be reduced by the use of a relatively low-power (25mW) HeNe laser. For thin (<5 μm) film specimens, submicron morphological features can be resolved and phase compositions determined. For thicker specimens, the sampling depth controls the spatial resolution, but micron-scale morphological features can be imaged. When the microscope is operated in the spectroscopic mode, the use of an intermediate slit permits essentially confocal operation and can reduce the sampling diameter to about one micron. In cases where the image is inadequate, such as for thick or highly scattering specimens, phase sizes may be estimated by collecting several spectra at random on the specimen surface and determining the apparent scatter in blend composition. When the phases are large in comparison to the sampling volume, the composition data will be highly scattered. When the phases are small, then all measured compositions should be close to the average. The technique is illustrated with the use of a rubber-toughened epoxy resin, a polyethylene-polypropylene blend, and a polyester (PET/PBT) blend.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

19

Surovtsev, A. B., I. A. Mandzyuk, D. O. Chervakov, M. F. Seferova, and O. V. Chervakov. "Study of the rheological properties of the highly-filled paste-like fuel composition based on oligomeric rubber and dispersed fillers." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 5 (October 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2021-138-5-111-117.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

We present the results of creation of paste-like fuel compositions with a high degree of filling (up to 90 wt.%) and investigation of their rheological properties. The developed composition contained the following components: a polymer matrix (type SNBR-N butadiene rubber) and a mixture of inorganic fillers (preliminarily surface-modified highly disperse potassium chloride, that was microencapsulated by using oligomeric products of polyehtyleneterepthalate glycerolize, and highly dispersed aluminum powder. A surface-active compound (oligomeric polioxypropylene glycol) and plasticizers of different natures were used as additional components, which were introduced in order to increase the degree of filling of the resulting paste-like compositions while maintaining a low level of their viscosity. The dynamic viscosity of the compositions was evaluated in the range of the shear stresses of 1 to 30 kPa and the temperatures of 293 to 323 K by using a rotary viscometer (cone–plane system). The viscosity of the composition which is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated methyl ester fatty acids at the maximum degree of filling (90 wt.%) was at the level of viscosity of the individual binder.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Abdou-Sabet, S., R. C. Puydak, and C. P. Rader. "Dynamically Vulcanized Thermoplastic Elastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 476–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538382.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) exhibit the functional properties of conventional thermoset rubber, yet can be processed on thermoplastic fabrication equipment. The great majority of TPEs have hetero-phase morphology, whether the TPE is derived from block copolymers, rubber-plastic compositions or ionomers. Generally speaking, the hard domains (or the ionic clusters) undergo dissociation at elevated temperatures, thus allowing the material to flow. When cooled, the hard domains again solidify and provide tensile strength at normal use temperatures. The soft domains give the material its elastomeric characteristics. In this review article, the focus is on rubber-plastic polymer compositions as a group of TPEs which have achieved significant growth in the marketplace in the last two decades. The growth has been primarily in the nonpolar (olefinic) elastomer/polyolefin thermoplastic materials because of the wide range of products generated, their performance and their significant acceptance by the automotive sector in applications requiring elastic recovery. The field of TPEs based on polyolefin rubber-plastic compositions has grown along two distinctly different product lines or classes: one class consists of a simple blend and classically meets the definition of a thermoplastic elastomeric olefin (TEO), commonly called a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) in earlier literature. In the other class, the rubber phase is dynamically vulcanized, giving rise to thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), named elastomeric alloys (EAs) in some previous literature. Both the simple blends and the dynamically vulcanized TPEs have found wide industrial application. It is the dynamically vulcanized TPE that has the performance characteristics required for true thermoset rubber replacement applications. The first TPE introduced to the market based on a crosslinked rubber-plastic composition (1972) was derived from W. K. Fisher's discovery of partially crosslinking the EPDM phase of EPDM/polypropylene (PP). Fisher controlled the degree of vulcanization by limiting the amount of peroxide, to maintain the thermoplastic processability of the blend. Crosslinking was performed while mixing, a process known as dynamic vulcanization. It is worth noting, however, that the dynamic vulcanization process and the first crosslinked EPDM/PP composition were discovered independently by Gessler and Haslett and by Holzer, Taurus and Mehnert in 1958 and 1961, respectively. Significant improvement in the properties of these blends was achieved in 1975 by Coran, Das and Patel by fully vulcanizing the rubber phase under dynamic shear while maintaining the thermoplasticity of the blend. These blends were further improved by Abdou-Sabet and Fath in 1977 by the use of phenolic curatives to improve the rubber-like properties and the flow (processing) characteristics.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Achiruddin. "The Fabrication of Roof Tiles Utilizing Palm Oil Boiler Ash and Used Rubber Thread Fibers Waste." Journal of Technomaterials Physics 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jotp.v1i2.1283.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Polymer composite roof tiles are produced from palm oil boiler ash and used rubber thread fibers waste. The material was strengthened by asphalt through a molding and pressurized conventional technique of sand, palm oil boiler ash waste, rubber thread fibers waste, asphalt and epoxy resin mixture. The composition of boiler ash and rubber thread fibers varied of 20% : 0%, 18% : 2%, 16% : 4%, 14% : 6%, 12% : 8%, 10% : 10%. The results were tested for physical (density and water absorption), mechanical (compressive, impact and tensile strength) and thermal (Differential Thermal Analysis) properties. The characterization shows that the optimum mixture of sand, ash, thread, asphalt and resin compositions are 55% : 12% : 8% : 10% : 15% respectively, with the highest density of 1.64 gram/cm3, waster absorption value of 1.72%, 77.68 kJ/m2 impact value, 19.373 MPa tensile strength and 360°C for differential thermal analysis temperature. Those results meet the SNI standard for existing roof tiles. This shows that the materials used in the research can be a cheap and environmentally friendly alternative to roof tile raw materials.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

22

SEFI, Shikhaliyev Kerem. "Investigation of the Properties of Compositions Based on Modified Polymer Mixtures." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.c3388.0211322.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The properties of vulcanized compositions based on mechanical mixtures of Ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)and Ethylene propylene terpolymer (EPTR)with PVC deteriorate compared to the properties of EPR and EPTRperoxide vulcanizers, which is explained by the poor mixing of PVC with these copolymers. In the extruder of the specified polymer mixtures -145 ° C, 36 MPa, n = 200 qra. The thermal and mechanical effects (MIC) under these conditions cause a significant improvement in the properties of the compositions based on these mixtures. The formation of EPR –PVC, and EPTR -PVX copolymers as a result of IMT in these polymer mixtures was confirmed by the construction of these copolymers with peroxide-free, PVC clusters with methemtal oxides - MgO, ZnO, and PbO (mass fraction 8-18). Modification of ethylene-propylene copolymers with PVC was carried out at a temperature higher than the flow temperature of PVC, which ensures its good dispersion in the mixture and chemical bonding with the elastomer phase, the effect of strengthening the elastic phase with the dispersed PVC phase occurs

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

23

Fazylova, Dina I., and Lubov A. Zenitova. "Polymeric Composites for Filling Bone Cavities." Key Engineering Materials 869 (October 2020): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.869.419.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Polymer composite materials (PCМ) based on low molecular weight siloxane rubber SKTN-A have been developed, which are supposed to be used as osteoplastic materials in maxillofacial surgery. The following materials were used as fillers for the creation of PCM: bentonite, sepiolite, wollastanite. The effect of the type and content of filler on the curing process and the properties of the resulting compositions was investigated.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Vasilovskaya, Galina, Maria Berseneva, Nadezhda Klinduh, and Irina Terekhova. "Sealing mastics for road surfacing in Siberian regions." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 06024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199706024.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper provides the results of the studies of polymer-bitumen sealing compounds for sealing seams and cracks in asphalt con-crete road. The polymers used were waste from Krasnoyarsk factories (rubber-fabric and butyl-rubber crumbs) and Tomsk factories (polyethylene waste and atactic polypropylene). Here we formulate the basic require-ments for sealing compounds applied in the Siberian regions. An experi-ment has been carried out with the use of the planning method, we pre-pared the compounds and determined their basic properties, as well as plot-ted the isolines of the compounds’ properties depending on the proportion-ing of mineral powder and polymer waste. Based on the analysis of the iso-lines and comparing the properties with the requirements, we selected the optimal compositions of the prepared sealing compounds and defined their core indicators. As a result of the research, the mastic based on butyl-rubber crumbs was chosen as the one meeting all the requirements by all the indicators. This paper reflects the results of the test surveys on pouring cracks in the road surface of Krasnoyarsk. The developed sealing com-pound has been adopted in production on the roads of Krasnoyarsk Territo-ry.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

25

Zerda, T. W., G. Song, and W. H. Waddell. "Distribution of Elastomers and Silica in Polymer Blends Characterized by Raman Microimaging Technique." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 4 (September 1, 2003): 769–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547770.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Raman microimaging technique was used to study the distribution of silica filler and elastomer domains in binary and ternary polymer blends containing cis1–4-polybutadiene BR; brominated poly(isobutylenecoparamethylstyrene) BIMS; Natural Rubber, NR; and/or Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, SBR. Contour maps depicting distribution of the elastomer phases and silica within each phase were obtained for 1 μm thick sections of blends having different compositions. All polymers were uniformly distributed throughout the blends. However, on a micrometer scale local fluctuations were clearly observed using Raman microimaging. The BR component is not as compatible with BIMS as are the other polymers based upon the presence of some single-phase BR domains exceeding 5 μm. Addition of the third polymer, either SBR or NR, to the blend improves the BR compatibility with BIMS since the BR domains are not as large. At low concentrations in a ternary blend, the NR phase appears concentrated near the BR domains, but in samples with higher NR concentrations, the natural rubber forms it own network and may also be found near the BIMS domains. The SBR phase was found to be near or within the BR domains. Silica was dispersed throughout the polymers in each blend, but tended to aggregate near the boundaries of the BIMS domains. Sometimes the silica was present within the BIMS domains, but did not locate within a BR domain.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

26

Norhafizah, Z., N. Z. Noriman, S. T. Sam, Hanafi Ismail, and M. F. Omar. "The Effects on Tensile and Morphology of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Blended with Recycled Nitrile Gloves (EPDM/NBRr)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.110.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Blending of two or more polymer together can reduce the cost and better processing advantages of product. Waste rubber powders blending with polymeric materials provide an improvement to the rubber quality. In this work, the effects on tensile and morphology of ethylene propylene diene monomer blended with recycled nitrile gloves (EPDM/NBRr) were studied. Four different compositions of ethylene diene monomer (EPDM) and recycled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBRr) with two different size of NBRr (S1: 250-500μm and S2: 3-10cm) were used. The compositions of EPDM/NBRr prepared were at 95/5, 15/85, 25/75 and 35/65 respectively. The properties of tensile and resilience of EPDM/NBRr blends were determined. Results indicated that the tensile strength and elongation at break (Eb) of EPDM/NBRr blends decrease as increase in NBRr for both S1 and S2. However, the tensile modulus (M100) shows an increment with increase NBRr. Results of resilience decreases and scanning electron microscopy study indicates that when more than 35 phr of NBRr content were used, NBRr exhibited a weak EPDM/NBRr matrix interaction, thus decreasing the mechanical properties of EPDM/NBRr blends. For overall results, 15 phr ratio of NBRr in EPDM/NBRr (S1) blend showed an optimum result respectively.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

27

Ataollahi, Narges, Azizan Ahmad, Harun Haji Hamzah, Mohd Yusri Rahman, and Nor Sabirin Mohamed. "Effects of LiCF₃SO₃on PVDF-HFP/MG49 (70/30) Based Blend Polymer Electrolyte." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.117.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP), Poly (methyl methacrylate)-grafted natural rubber (MG49) (70/30) complexed with different compositions of lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate (LiCF3SO3) based solid polymer electrolyte has been prepared using solution casting method. This work has demonstrated that conductivity values were found to depend upon the concentration of LiCF3SO3. The highest ionic conductivity was 1.97×10ˉ4 S cm-1at 25 wt. % of LiCF3SO3 at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates decrease in the degree of crystallinity by increasing of salt concentration.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

28

Buss, Andre Hekermann, João Luiz Kovaleski, Regina Negri Pagani, Vander Luiz da Silva, and Jaqueline de Matos Silva. "Proposal to Reuse Rubber Waste from End-Of-Life Tires Using Thermosetting Resin." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 7, 2019): 6997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246997.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Due to the increasing production of motor vehicles, a large amount of waste with different characteristics and compositions is generated, notably end-of-life tires, which are harmful to the environment when not properly disposed. Their composition contains contaminating chemical elements, resulting in negative impacts on the environment. This research aims to present a process that favors the recycling of rubber waste from end-of-life tires. For the construction of the state of the art and state of the technique, a review of the literature on end-of-life tire rubber, and a search on Google Patents and Espacenet was done using Methodi Ordinatio. For the experimental work, samples were made using concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% of end-of-life tire rubber particles, with the addition of thermoset polymeric matrix of isophthalic polyester resin, catalyst, and dyes. In order to evaluate the quality of the mixture, some tests with the material resulting from the mixture were performed: Izod impact strength, Shore D hardness, immersion density determination, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results from the tests indicate that the composition with 60% of rubber particles had better mechanical results than samples containing 20% and 40%. The tests also show that end-of-life tire particles promote chemical adsorption (interaction) with the thermoset polymer matrix, favoring the mechanical properties. The final results of this research are: the literature review and the search on granted patents showed that this study is original; the experimental work suggests that practical applications are possible, generating a new product, harder with a proportion of 60% of rubber particles, as indicated by the tests, with a smooth surface that does not require polishing. Thus, this research is characterized as innovative as well as having sustainable characteristics.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Andreev, A. N., P. M. Polyakova, Yu V. Olikhova, and A. M. Tolstov. "Research of Flame-Retardant and Physical and Mechanical Properties of Thermally Expanding Sealing Tapes Based on Polyolefin Thermoplastic Elastomers." Kauchuk i Rezina 80, no. 3 (2021): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47664/0022-9466-2021-80-3-140-143.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A study of the flame-retardant (FR) properties, the degree of expansion (DE) and the strength properties of thermally expanding sealing tapes (TST) based on polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers is presented. Experimental TST based on ethylene vinyl acetate rubber (БК-E), and a semi-crystalline copolymer of ethylene and propylene (БК-V) with additives of oxidized graphite (OG) were obtained on laboratory equipment. DE, categories of FR and strength properties of БК-E and БК-V differ slightly. The morphology of the char foams of the obtained compositions was determined. Based on the summary of the results it was found that the composition of БК-E has a better FR in comparison with БК-V. It is estimated that this is primarily due to the nature of the polymer matrix of the compositions, as well as the distribution of components in it, in particular, OG, and their interaction with each other during the combustion process. It is shown that the properties of the developed TST are at the level of the existing ones. A further series of research is expected.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

30

Yue, Daran, Guohua Fu, and Zhiyang Jin. "Transparent wood prepared by polymer impregnation of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg)." BioResources 16, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 2491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.2491-2502.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Transparent wood (TW), a new type of composite material with good optical transmittance and excellent mechanical properties, has attracted great interest in recent years. In this study, a hydrogen peroxide strategy was used on rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) to eliminate lignin and hemicellulose. Subsequently, delignified wood was combined with each of three impregnants of refractive index similar to that of cellulose to obtain transparent wood (TW). Impregnation with polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), and methyl methacrylate (MMA)) resulted in transparent woods, which were named PVP-DRW, PVOH-DRW, and PMMA-DRW, respectively. The micromorphologies, chemical compositions, thermal stabilities, chemical functional groups, optical transmittance, and mechanical properties of the raw RW and of each processed sample were characterized. The results showed that the optical transmittance of PVOH-DRW (76.6%, λ = 600 nm, d=0.70 mm) was similar to that of PVP-DRW (73.4%, λ = 600 nm, d = 0.74 mm) and higher than that of PMMA-DRW (64.6%, λ = 600 nm, d = 0.73 mm), but PMMA-DRW had a higher mechanical strength (fracture strength of 230.14 MPa). Therefore, the preparation of transparent wood with RW as the substrate is expected to be a potential material candidate for high-strength composites.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

31

Khorova, E. A., E. N. Eremin, and E. A. Strizhak. "Hydrogenated butadiene-nitrile rubber elastomers: research of functional properties." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 3(107) (December 4, 2021): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2021-107-3-128-135.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The subject of the study were rubbers based on partially and fully hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubbers (HNBR) Therban АТ 5065 VP and Therban АТ 5005 VP, taken individually and in the ratios 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 accordingly. The purpose of the work was to study the functional properties of rubbers based on HNBR of various degrees of unsaturation using modern methods of analysis. The degree of dispersion of the filler and the thermodynamic compatibility of polymer components in rubbers based on Therban АТ 5065 VP and Therban АТ 5005 VP mixtures are appreciated. Glass transition and decomposition temperatures, elastic modulus and mechanical loss tangent of HNBR-based and their combined compositions were identified. The microrelief of the surface of rubber samples based on HNBR, taken in different ratios, was investigated.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

32

Pouchelon, A., and P. Vondracek. "Semiempirical Relationships between Properties and Loading in Filled Elastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 62, no. 5 (November 1, 1989): 788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536275.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract The dynamic storage modulus of uncured silica-filled silicone rubber increases sharply when a critical filler loading is reached. A similar behavior has been observed for the conductivity in the same compounds. The experimental data fit a percolation law fairly well, and microscopy confirms the formation of a filler network according to the percolation model. This behavior depends on a polymer-filler interaction level, suggesting a filler network consisting of filler particles bridged together by adsorbed polymer. It has been found that the percolation threshold coincides with the optimum value of elongation at break of the corresponding vulcanizates. The percolation behavior and the relations between properties of filled rubbers described here were observed in various filled rubbers of quite different compositions. This seems to suggest the general validity of the presented relationships in all elastomers reinforced by particulate fillers.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

33

Andreikova, L. N., S. P. Bobrov, Yu O. Andriasyan, S. G. Karpova, and I. A. Mikhailov. "The Influence of the Type of Dipping Composition on the Structure of Aramid Cord Threads." International Polymer Science and Technology 45, no. 4 (April 2018): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1804500408.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Publications concerned with the influence of the type of dipping composition on the adhesion, physicomechanical, and service properties of aramid cord threads of grades Arom-75 (Rusar-75), Arom-175 (Rusar-175), and Rusar-200 are analysed. According to current ideas, the type of dipping composition affects not only the adhesion and physicomechanical properties of aramid cord but also its structure. Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, we studied specimens of dipped Arom-75 cord threads and undipped threads (for comparison). The parameters characterising the structural state of the investigated polymer specimens were determined: the correlation time, the radical concentration in the investigated specimen, and the ratio of the proportion of dense amorphous regions to the proportion of loose amorphous regions. Data for cord based on Ruslan® threads dipped in two different compositions and data for undipped cord were compared. The possibility of changing the structure of cord and the service properties of mechanical rubber goods with an aramid skeleton by using different types of dipping composition was shown.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

34

Azizli, M. J., G. Naderi, G. R. Bakhshandeh, S. Soltani, F. Askari, and E. Esmizadeh. "IMPROVEMENT IN PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF IIR/CR RUBBER BLEND ORGANOCLAY NANOCOMPOSITES." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 87, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.87951.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

ABSTRACT The effects of organoclay loading and chloroprene rubber (CR) concentration on the cure characteristics, microstructure, and mechanical and rheological properties of isobutylene–isoprene rubber (IIR)/CR blend were investigated. Different compositions of CR (10, 20, and 40 wt%) with Cloisite15A as organo modified nanoclay (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) were used for blends by a two-roll mill. Samples were vulcanized at 175 °C using a hot press. The cure and scorch times and also the maximum torque of the composites increased with the incorporation of organoclay. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus (100%, 200%, and 300%), and resilience improved with increasing nanoclay loading. The structure of the nanocomposites was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD results of nanocomposites indicated that the intercalation of polymer chains into the clay gallery was deduced from increasing the interlayer distance of silicate layers. TEM and SEM also directly confirmed XRD results.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

35

Gabibov, I. A., O. A. Dyshin, and K. B. Rustamova. "Formation of the properties of the structure of disperse-filled polymer composites." Plasticheskie massy, no. 9-10 (November 2, 2019): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2019-9-10-23-26.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The influence of the structure on the properties of the metal-polymer composite consisting of a polymer matrix in the form of epoxy resin (ED-20) with butadiene-styrene rubber (BSK), dispersedly filled with copper nanoparticles, is investigated. In the framework of fractal analysis, the real diameter of the aggregates of the initial filler particles was calculated for various concentrations and size of the filling particles and for different compositions of the polymer matrix. The concept of the structure of a polymer composite as a combination of two fractals (multifractals) was substantially used, which allows to determine the principles of the polymer matrix plasticity changes and to reveal the main factors affecting the degree of perturbation of its structure. Using fractal analysis methods, the influence of factors on the fractal dimension of the surface of initial filler particles aggregates and on the pattern of its dependence both on the degree of aggregation and on the fractal dimension of the frame of the particle aggregate is investigated The proposed approach enables prediction the fi nal parameters of aggregates of nanoparticles as a function of the size of the initial particles, their concentration and chemical properties of the surface of the polymer matrix.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

36

Chursova, Larisa V., Igor I. Sokolov, and Anna I. Lukina. "STUDY OF POLYMER SYNTACTIC AND FOAM MATERIALS OF NEW GENERATION WITH IMPROVING OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 2 (April 7, 2017): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017602.5469.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article deals with the creation of lightweight syntactic polymeric materials of new generation with the improved complex operational and special properties. The preparation of composition and technology polymeric syntactic foam based on cyanat resin having the higher operational and special properties, compared by analog material, was shown. The production of such material has the different steps: the synthesis of cyanat resin with request rheological properties; blending the cyanat resin with glass microsphere for prepare the material with request homogenous properties; the prepare of roll syntactic polymeric materials having the thickness 2 mm. For preparing the material with request thickness we used the calendric technology; cutting the roll spheroplastic material on sample workpeace; the molding of spheroplastic. The application spheroplastic can significantly increase both absolute and specific characteristics of multilayer structures compared to design with cell. Also, the preparation of polymeric phenolic foam, based on phenolic resin, modified by rubber, having close-cell structure and higher operational properties, was shown. For foaming process the foam obtained semifinished product are not prefabricated as individual pellets or crushed powder as generally accepted in the preparation of foams brand FC, and rolled in the form of solid sheets, the total mass chosen with a given density of the obtained foam. The resulting foam originally monolithic semi eliminated the possibility of forming foam at foaming various small areas between individual pellets (or powder particles). Thereby, it reduces the overall porosity in the resulting foam. It was found that resole resins (containing novolac oligomer) poor fit together with a nitrile rubber. In addition, a combination of product of nitrile rubber with phenol resoles SF-3021K and with a novolac resin in all investigated ratios doesn’t allow to obtain high quality foam structure having a density less than 150 kg / m3. Only by combining a mixture of nitrile rubber and oligomeric compositions (resole (SF-342A) with novolak (SF-010), it is possible to obtain foams with a density from 80 to 150 kg / m3. For citation:Chursova L.V., Sokolov I.I., Lukina A.I. Study of polymer syntactic and foam materials of new generation with improving operational characteristics. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N2. P. 67-73.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

37

Coran, A. Y., F. Ignatz-Hoover, and L. H. Davis. "Coactivation of Delayed-Action Vulcanization. Part I. Polymeric, Nonmigratory Cure Coactivators for Accelerated Sulfur Vulcanization." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 62, no. 5 (November 1, 1989): 957–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536286.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Rubbery vinylpyridine-butadiene copolymers, containing 20–65% by weight of vinylpyridine monomer units, are effective coactivators of vulcanization for TBBS-accelerated sulfur-vulcanized SBR. In addition to emulsion SBR, the new co-activator has been evaluated in copositions of solution SBR, BR, NR, and various blends. The co-activator is active in all of the compositions which contain butadiene-derived synthetic rubber. This includes blends such as SBR/BR, solution-SBR/BR, SBR/NR, BR/NR, SBR/BR/NR, etc. There is little or no activity in which NR is the only polymer. The most efficacious copolymers contain between 30 and 60% 2-vinylpyridine. The incorporation of such a copolymer into an unvulcanized butadiene-derived rubber mix can give a substantial increase in the rate of crosslink formation with only a minimum loss of scorch resistance. Since the polymeric coactivators are very high in molecular weight, it can be at least tentatively concluded that they will not migrate from one component stock to another in a built-up multi-stock rubber article, either before or during vulcanization. Since the curing characteristics of a vinylpyridine-copolymer-containing TBBS-accelerated stock can be similar to those of TBBS-accelerated NR, it might be concluded that the new additives will solve some of the problems in balancing the cures of adjacent NR and SBR stocks in a multicomponent cured rubber article.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

38

Jamail, N. A. M., M. A. M. Piah, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Hanafiah Kamarden, and Qamarul Ezani Kamarudin. "Application of PDC Analysis to Identify Effect of Electrical Tracking on Conductivity of LLDPE-NR Nanocomposite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 785 (August 2015): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.785.325.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Polymeric nanocomposites are widely used for high voltage outdoor insulating application due to their good electrical performance. Recently, SiO2, TiO2 and MMT nanofillers are being used as filler because there are listed as main nanofiller commonly used in electrical engineering. Natural rubber (NR) was used because the nature of the interphase is found to affect viscoelasticity and it develops several interphases with the Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) matrix. One of the problems associated with outdoor polymeric insulators is tracking of the surface which can directly influence the reliability of the insulator. This paper presents the outcome of an experimental study to determine the conductivity level of the LLDPE-NR compound, filled with different amount of SiO2, TiO2 and MMT nanofiller using Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC) measurement technique. LLDPE and NR with the ratio composition of 80:20 were selected as a base polymer. Results show that different compositions as well as the surface physical conditions affect the PDC measurement results.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Stoian, Elena Valentina, Vasile Bratu, Florina Violeta Anghelina, and Ileana Nicoleta Popescu. "Composite Materials Based on Silicone Rubber Used to Mitigation Electromagnetic Pollution." Advanced Materials Research 1114 (July 2015): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1114.76.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Rapid developments in telecommunications and digital processing of information are facing the problem of electromagnetic wave pollution and interference. The aim of this article is the characterization at microwave frequencies of composite materials based on silicone rubber. These materials contain 80% siloxane rubber and only 20% powdery feeling like nanocarbon and pyrite cinder. To achieve these objectives were reviewed and selected raw materials and characteristics were determined in a structural material, the electromagnetic attenuation as well as electrically, by making measurements of electrical conductivity of thin layers of polymer matrix composites produced by the doctor blade technique. Starting from sample siloxane rubber, i.e. without additives or filler reinforcement in compression analysis we find that reinforcing agents leads to increased values of the modulus of elasticity in especially for pyrite ashes. For materials analyzed in this paper, measurements were made in the frequency range between (1-18) GHz and have found high attenuation over 45 dB in the case of composite materials with pyrite ash filler. So we can say that this materials can used for shielding against electromagnetic waves in order to protect the human factor. The novelty of the paper consists in the compositions of the specimens and their mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

40

Bandyopadhyay, Abhijit, Mousumi De Sarkar, and Anil K. Bhowmick. "Rheological Behavior of Hybrid Rubber Nanocomposites." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 78, no. 5 (November 1, 2005): 806–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547915.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Melt rheological behavior of acrylic rubber (ACM)/ silica and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/ silica hybrid nanocomposites prepared by using sol-gel technique at room temperature was studied for the first time in a Monsanto Processability Tester (capillary rheometer) at nine different shear rates and three different temperatures (100 °C, 110 °C and 120 °C). Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) was used as the precursor for silica, and water to TEOS mole ratio was maintained at 2:1 throughout the experiments. The loading of TEOS was 10, 30 and 50 wt% with respect to the rubber and the pH of the medium was maintained in the range of 1.0–2.0 by the addition of appropriate amount of concentrated HCl. The shear viscosity showed marginal increment even at higher nanosilica loading for the rubber/ silica nanocomposites. All the compositions displayed pseudoplastic behavior and obeyed Power Law model within the experimental conditions. The reinforcement factor (RF) calculated from the ratio of the viscosities of the filled and the unfilled systems was found to increase with nanosilica content at a particular shear rate. ENR/ silica nanocomposites displayed higher increment of RF compared to ACM/ silica system, which may be due to better polymer-filler interaction in the former. The RF remained almost constant for both the systems with the variation of temperature. The die swell of the nanocomposites was always lower than that of the gum rubber sample, though the nature of variation of die swell with shear rates was different for ACM and ENR nanocomposites. In both the cases, the die swell was found to decease with increase in temperature. The variation in activation energy with the experimental shear rates was also calculated, where the hybrids displayed a decreasing trend in activation energy with the increase in shear rate.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

41

Peng, Shao Hong, Sha Liang, Jian Li, Mei Yu, and Yan Huang. "Composition Determination of Vehicle Dismantling Waste." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.83.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In recent years, a large number of toxic and hazardous substances were discharged into environment because of the simple landfill and accumulation of vehivle dismantling waste. Therefore, it is very important to develop the recycling technology of vehivle dismantling waste for the harmless, stability, reduction and resource utilization of vehivle dismantling waste. In this paper, the compositions of vehicle dismantling waste from two different dismantling processes were investigated by manual sorting, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, experimental results showed that the vehicle waste from manual dismantling contained more polyurethane, foamed plastic and rubber with low value and the size of waste is lager, the vehicle waste from mechanical dismantling contained more metal and brittle polymer and their size was smaller. The concentration of metal in two kinds of wastes are less than 1%, the total concentration of carbon and hydrogen reach about 70%, so vehicle dismantling waste was suital for recovering ernergy, but the pollution of chlrone from polyvinyl chloride need to be prevented.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

42

Hussain, Shakir. "Effects of HDPE Plastic Waste Aggregate on the Properties of Concrete." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38456.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract: Polymer waste volumes have surged in recent years as a result of growing industrialization and fast improvements in living standards. In Malaysia, the majority of polymer waste is discarded rather than recycled. This circumstance results in major issues such as waste of natural resources and pollution of the environment. Polymer products, such as synthetic fibres, plastics, and rubber, are petrochemical compounds that disintegrate slowly in nature. Even after a long amount of time, plastic materials are not easily biodegradable. In reality, a wide range of waste materials can be used as a cement matrix inert. For the manufacture of the polymer concrete, trash bag plastics were employed as polymer wastes HDPE in this study (PC). The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics and characterisation of polymer HDPE as a coarse aggregate replacement in concrete. Temperatures of 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, and 200°C were used in the heating procedure. By volumetric approach, five compositions of coarse aggregate with varied crushed stone: HDPE waste ratios of 0:100, 15:85, 30:70, 45:55, and 60:40 were utilised. The use of polymerwaste as coarse aggregate in traditional concrete was examined. With fresh and hardened concrete tests, the effects of polymer wastes on the workability and strength of the concrete were investigated. After 28 days, the compressive strength of the PCwas determined to be suitable for nonstructural use. The findings of the cost research revealed that the PC is more cost effective than traditional concrete. Keywords: Polymer Wastes HDPE; Coarse Aggregate; Compressive Strength; Properties

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

43

Kobelchuk, Yu M., Yu N. Vashchenko, and L. S. Holub. "Application of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and its polymethylol derivative as additives in elastomeric materials." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 4 (July 2021): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2021-137-4-66-72.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

One of the ways to improve the quality of elastomeric materials is the modification of the elastomeric matrix as well as the use of multifunctional ingredients that can function as stabilizers, vulcanizing group components and compatibilizers (i.e. substances that increase compatibility in polymer heterogeneous systems). Compounds that can be used as binders in composite materials of different composition and ensure the environmental friendliness of their production and application are considered to be promising. Among such compounds, the reaction products of 4,4'-dioxydiphenylsulfone with formaldehyde attract a particular interest since they have a lower degree of toxicity than the phenol-formaldehyde resins. This work revealed the effect of 1, 2, and 4 parts by weight of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and its polymethylol derivative on technological and physical-mechanical properties of elastomeric compositions. We showed the stabilizing activity of the investigated additives in rubbers based on carbochain unsaturated rubbers. The surface of the crushed vulcanizate was modified. It was determined that the addition of modified crushed vulcanizate to the composition of rubber mixtures improves the quality of rubbers. We showed the possibility of replacing traditional anti-aging agents without deterioration of the properties of finished products.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

44

Ataollahi, N., A. Ahmad, T. K. Lee, A. R. Abdullah, and M. Y. A. Rahman. "Preparation and characterization of PVDF-MG49-NH4CF3SO3 based solid polymer electrolyte." e-Polymers 14, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2013-0087.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractThe ionic conductivity of ammonium-based solid polymer films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) blended with MG49, a graft of natural rubber and poly(methyl methacrylate), with various compositions of ammonium triflate NH4CF3SO3, was investigated. As a result, 30 wt.% of NH4CF3SO3-doped polymer electrolyte exhibits the highest ionic conductivity at 6.32×10-4 S/cm at room temperature. The conductivity enhancement can be attributed to the increase in the number of NH4+ as charge carriers. The significance of the blend is the increase of one order in ionic conductivity as compared with pure PVDF electrolyte. The temperature dependence of conductivity of the electrolyte does not obey the Arrhenius law. However, the conductivity increases with temperature and it reached 1.56×10-3 S/cm at 363 K. X-ray diffraction reveals a decrease in crystallinity of the electrolyte upon the addition of NH4CF3SO3 salt. This result is supported by scanning electron microscopy. Linear sweep voltammetry demonstrates that the anodic stability of the electrolyte is up to 4 V. Therefore, the electrolyte shows good compatibility with high-voltage electrode. Hence, this electrolyte system can be a prospective candidate as lithium-ion conducting electrolyte for lithium batteries.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

45

Tokarev, V., S. Voronov, V. Seredyuk, M. Kozar, and O. Bednarska. "Modification of the Interface by Polymeric Peroxides — A New Approach to the Creation of Composites." Adsorption Science & Technology 14, no. 4 (August 1996): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749601400404.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The peroxidic modification of the surface of a dispersed phase by heterofunctional polymeric peroxides (HFPPs) is discussed. HFPPs are carbochain polymers which have statistically located peroxidic (–OO–) and high-polar functional (carboxylic) groups along the main chain. Sharp differences in the polarity of these groups endowes HFPP macromolecules with the capability of interfacial adsorption in various polymeric colloidal systems. The reactions of the functional groups provide chemical bonding of the macromolecules to the interfacial surface. As a consequence of such physical adsorption or chemisorption of HFPP, peroxidation of filler surfaces and the localization of active –OO– groups on the interface may be effected. In addition, such –OO– groups can facilitate the grafting of matrix polymer macromolecules to the surface of the dispersed phase. Such grafting reactions can be carried out during polymer filling, the curing processes of composites or the vulcanization of a rubber mixture. It has been shown that an improvement in the physical and mechanical properties of polymers and an increase in the electroconductivity and heat conductivity of filled compositions is achieved on modification by HFPP.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

46

Thielen, Georges. "Chemically Modified Emulsion SBR in Tire Treads." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 81, no. 4 (September 1, 2008): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3548223.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract A series of Emulsion SBRs (E-SBR) with polar and nonpolar third co-monomers are studied in silica filled compounds. The applied third co-monomers include polar types such as acrylonitrile (ACN), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) and 1-vinylpyridine (VP) and nonpolar types such as isoprene and 1,3-pentadiene. The impact of the third co-monomers on compound reinforcement, hysteresis, abradability and viscoelastic properties is studied for single polymer compounds as well as polymer blends with 1,4-cis-polybutadiene (cis-BR) and Natural Rubber (NR). Changes in miscibility of the polymer blends are studied via viscoelastic temperature sweeps and via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). All blends show a miscibility behavior in agreement with Hildebrand solubility parameter predictions. The nonpolar co-monomers lead to an increased miscibility while the polar co-monomers reduce the miscibility with cis-BR and NR. These changes only show up in blend Tg's and viscoelastic response and stay associated with a heterogeneous AFM blend structure with different degrees of mixed phase compositions. The impact of the third co-monomers is more pronounced in the case of cis-BR than in the case of NR blends in this study. The preferred chemically modified ESBR is the one with 3% HPMA showing improved performance relative to unmodified ESBR and unmodified Solution SBR (SSBR).

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

47

Krawiec, Piotr, Łukasz Warguła, Daniel Małozięć, Piotr Kaczmarzyk, Anna Dziechciarz, and Dorota Czarnecka-Komorowska. "The Toxicological Testing and Thermal Decomposition of Drive and Transport Belts Made of Thermoplastic Multilayer Polymer Materials." Polymers 12, no. 10 (September 28, 2020): 2232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102232.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article presents the potential impact of flat drive and transport belts on people’s safety during a fire. The analysis distinguished belts made of classically used fabric–rubber composite materials reinforced with cord and currently used multilayer polymer composites. Moreover, the products’ multilayers during the thermal decomposition and combustion can be a source of emissions for unpredictable and toxic substances with different concentrations and compositions. In the evaluation of the compared belts, a testing methodology was used to determine the toxicometric indicators (WLC50SM) on the basis of which it was possible to determine the toxicity of thermal decomposition and combustion products in agreement with the standards in force in several countries of the EU and Russia. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the registration of emissions of chemical compounds during the thermal decomposition and combustion of polymer materials at three different temperatures. Moreover, the degradation kinetics of the polymeric belts by using the thermogravimetric (TGA) technique was evaluated. Test results have shown that products of thermal decomposition resulting from the neoprene (NE22), leder leder (LL2), thermoplastic connection (TC), and extra high top cower (XH) belts can be characterized as moderately toxic or toxic. Their toxicity significantly increases with the increasing temperature of thermal decomposition or combustion, especially above 450 °C. The results showed that the belts made of several layers of polyamide can be considered the least toxic in fire conditions. The TGA results showed that NBR/PA/PA/NBR belt made with two layers of polyamide and the acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber has the highest thermal stability in comparison to other belts.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

48

Gotlib, Elena, Anh Nguyen, Vladislav Yanov, and Alla Sokolova. "Study of resistance to climatic factors of epoxy coatings modified by plant oils and their functionalized derivatives." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199702002.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Epoxy coatings while in-service are regularly exposed to various atmospheric factors including elevated temperature, moisture, solar irradiation, precipitation, fog and others. Those factors accelerate the processes of oxidative and photochemical degradation of epoxy materials which could significantly affect their service life. In the present paper the study of resistance of epoxy materials to climatic factors was carried out in the Artificial weather apparatus simulating external environmental activities by cycles of accelerated tests. It was proven that various types of modifiers exercise influence upon the mass growth of epoxy materials and consequently their sorptive processes. The analysis of investigated results has shown that in epoxy polymer exposed to moisture one could observe competing processes of the growth of cross-linking degree and its plasticization. It was stated that no exact correlation is observed between the degree of cross-linking of epoxy materials and their water fastness and resistance to climatic factors. The authors have proven that outside resistance of epoxy coatings is higher for epoxy compositions modified by soy oil and its functionalized derivatives. Epoxy compositions modified by rubber seed oil exhibited the maximum structural change caused by the impact of climatic factors.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

Burdikova, Tatyana V., Sergey S. Ivshin, and Lyubov A. Zenitova. "STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF METAL NANOOXIDES ON CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON POLYURETHANES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 63, no. 10 (September 9, 2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20206310.6243.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The paper presents the results of studies on the possibility of modifying the polyurethane matrix by the introduction into their structure of nanoscale fillers. The influence of the nature and content of nanosize additives of metal oxides (Al2O3, Fe2O3, CuO) on the physicomechanical properties of filled polyurethane compositions based on SKU PFL-100 prepolymer manufactured by Kazan Synthetic Rubber Plant JSC cured with 4,4'-methylene bis-(orthochloraniline) (MOCA) was studied. Dispersion analysis of the studied fillers is made. It was shown that the studied powders are prone to agglomeration. According to the specific surface area of the particles, the studied metal oxide powders are arranged as follows: Al2O3 - Fe2O3 - SiO2 - CuO. A discussion was made of the contribution of such factors as the area of interfacial contact, the structure and adsorption properties of the particle surface to the interaction at the oxide-polyurethane interface. It is shown that the decisive factor affecting the level of physical and mechanical properties is the nature of the filler (hydrophilicity, particle surface structure). The nature and concentration of nanosized particles of metal oxides were evaluated for the physicomechanical properties of the polymer under study. The initial and modified compositions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. As a result of the studies, the basic laws that determine the effect of nanoscale additives of metal oxides on the properties of polymer systems are determined. It was shown that the introduction of 1% of the studied excipients is optimal. The highest values of physical and mechanical characteristics were recorded for polyurethane samples filled with copper oxide. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that by adding iron oxide additives it is possible to increase the heat-resistant properties of the polymer at operating temperatures up to 300 °C.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

Титова, Л. М., Ю. А. Максименко, and Д. В. Ерес. "High quality polymer sulfur production techniques: patent review." Южно-Сибирский научный вестник, no. 5(39) (October 31, 2021): 72–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25699/sssb.2021.39.5.017.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Основным способом предотвращения выцветания серы в резине является применение ее нерастворимой µ-формы (полимерная сера). Нерастворимая сера используется для увеличения прочности, термостойкости и износостойкости изделий. Она нашла применение также в производстве серных и сероасфальтобетонов для формирования дорожного покрытия в различных отраслях строительства. Термические методы получения полимерной серы (газификация и метод охлаждения расплава) наиболее распространены в мировом промышленном производстве. Но имеется множество до конца нерешенных проблем, таких как низкое содержание целевого продукта, использование высокотоксичных реагентов в производстве, получение плохо диспергируемого в каучуке продукта, возвращение полимерной формы в более устойчивую циклическую восьмичленную в процессе производства и хранения. Таким образом, основные тенденции в развитии методов производства полимерной серы направлены на достижение «трех максимумов» показателей нерастворимой серы, а именно: высокое содержание, высокая диспергируемость и высокая термостойкость. Целью данной статьи является обзор текущих технических достижений в области производства высококачественной полимерной серы на основе анализа мировой патентной литературы последних лет. В объем обзора входит обсуждение путей увеличения стабильности полимерной формы, количественного выхода, снижения электростатического эффекта и улучшения диспергируемости при производстве резины. Рассмотрено применение различных индивидуальных веществ и композиций для получения максимального выхода нерастворимой формы серы с прочно связанными обрывами цепочечной структуры. Представлены условия их применения, концентрации, влияние на термическую стойкость. Показано, что химическая природа стабилизатора и метод его добавления непосредственно влияют на термостойкость продукта и стабильность при хранении. Для улучшения этого комплекса свойств полимерной серы идут по пути усложнения состава добавок и многоступенчатого их ведения. Рассмотрены различные варианты традиционных и новых антистатических и диспергирующих добавок, возникающие технические и технологические проблемы при их применении. The main method of preventing sulfur from fading out of rubber is the use of its insoluble µ-form (polymeric sulfur). Insoluble sulfur is used to increase the strength, heat resistance and wear resistance of articles. It also found application in the production of sulfur concrete for the formation of pavement in various sectors of construction. Thermal methods for producing insoluble sulfur (gasification and melt cooling method) are most common in world industrial production. But there are many unresolved problems: the low content of the target product, the use of highly toxic reagents in production, the production of a product that is poorly dispersible in rubber, the return of the polymer form to a more stable cyclic eight-membered in the process of production and storage. The main trends in the development of insoluble sulfur production methods are aimed at achieving "three maxima" of insoluble sulfur indicators: high content, high dispersibility and high heat resistance. The purpose of this article is to review the current technical achievements in the production of high-quality insoluble sulfur based on the analysis of the world patent literature of recent years. The scope of the review includes discussion of ways to increase polymer form stability, quantitative yield, reduce electrostatic effect and improve dispersibility in rubber production. The use of various individual substances and compositions for maximizing the yield of insoluble form of sulfur with firmly bound cuts of chain structure is considered. The conditions of their application, concentration, influence on thermal resistance are shown. It has been shown that the chemical nature of the stabilizer and the method of its addition directly affect the heat resistance of the product and storage stability. To improve this complex of properties of polymer sulfur, the composition of additives and their multistage management are complicated. Various versions of traditional and new antistatic and dispersing additives, arising technical and technological problems in their application are considered.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Статті в журналах з теми "Polymer-rubber compositions"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями