Статті в журналах з теми "Polymer-modified binder"
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1
Torres, Hélder P., Sara R. M. Fernandes, Carlos D. A. Loureiro, Caroline F. N. Moura, Hugo M. R. D. Silva, and Joel R. M. Oliveira. "Use of polymer modified binders as rejuvenators in recycled asphalt mixtures." International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology 13, no. 6 (November 2020): 654–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42947-020-6006-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractRoad paving recycling has been acquiring more relevance in society, especially within the paradigm of a circular economy. The addition of waste materials in asphalt mixtures is an excellent solution to face the gradual emergence of a great diversity of waste materials and reduce the production costs. This study aims to evaluate the addition of commercial and laboratory-produced polymer modified binders as rejuvenators in recycled asphalt mixtures with high contents of reclaimed asphalt pavement material (RAP). A commercial polymer modified binder (PMB) and a conventional bitumen modified with 5% of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or 4% of Regefalt were added to RAP aged bitumen and compared with a rejuvenated binder. Fatigue, permanent deformation and water sensitivity tests carried out on recycled mixtures produced with those binders showed that polymer modified binders could be used as rejuvenators to improve their performance significantly. The recycled asphalt mixture produced with the commercial PMB presented the best mechanical performance. The polymer-modified binders revealed an ageing resistance equivalent to that of the control rejuvenated binder, or slightly better in the case of the final binder with SBS polymer.
2
Hossain, Roksana, and Nazimuddin M. Wasiuddin. "Evaluation of Degradation of SBS Modified Asphalt Binder Because of RTFO, PAV, and UV Aging using a Novel Extensional Deformation Test." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 6 (June 2019): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119847471.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified PG 64-22 and PG 76-22 binders are studied to investigate the degradation of polymer because of aging applied by: rolling thin film oven (RTFO), pressure aging vessel (PAV), and ultraviolet (UV). Upon observing the temperature increment of unmodified binder during high shear mixing, a polymer mixing procedure has been established. SBS (2%, 4%, and 6%), polyphosphoric acid (PPA) (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%), and PPA (2%)-SBS (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%) are mixed with PG 64-22 binder. Sentmanat extensional rheometer, based on dynamic shear rheometer, is used to investigate the extensional deformation characteristics in which SBS modified binders exhibit both first peak elongation force, F1, and second peak elongation force, F2, whereas, unmodified binders and PPA modified binders exhibit no F2. SBS is the most effective in increasing F2 with an increasing rate of 1.16N/% of SBS polymer. At 12°C and 16°C, F2 of RTFO aged SBS modified binder reduces, which indicates the polymer is degrading. In the case of PAV aged SBS modified binder, no F2 is found at 12°C and 16°C. With the increment of temperature, the PAV aged sample shows F2, but the value is less than the F2 of the original and RTFO aged binder of similar stiffness (F1). A normalized parameter, F2/F1, also shows that RTFO and PAV aging degrade SBS. Evaluation of UV aged SBS modified binder shows no F2 at any temperature while oven aged binder shows F2 value at similar aging temperature, duration, and thickness, indicating SBS completely degrades because of UV aging.
3
Bayekolaei, Mahdi Delaviz, Koorosh Naderi, and Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad. "The effects of base binder and styrene–butadiene–styrene structure on rutting resistance of polymer–nanocomposite asphalt mixture." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 50, no. 3 (June 15, 2017): 256–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244317714640.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, the use of nano materials for improving various mechanical and performance-related properties of polymer-modified asphalt binders has been growing rapidly. However, few researches investigated the effects of base binder and styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) structure on rutting resistance of polymer-nanocomposite-modified asphalt mixtures. This study investigated the effect of polymer–nanocomposite modification, using two different penetration grade asphalt binders and two types of SBS, on rutting properties of asphalt mixtures. Rheological properties of modified binders, Marshall stability, resilient modulus, and rut depth in wheel-tracking tests were used to evaluate the rutting performance of the modified binders and mixtures. The results indicated that both base binder type and SBS structure had significant effect on rutting resistance of polymer-nanocomposite-modified asphalt mixtures.
4
Chen, Jian-Shiuh, Yang-Chou Sun, Min-Chih Liao, and Chien-Chung Huang. "Effect of Binder Types on Engineering Properties and Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2293, no. 1 (January 2012): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2293-07.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Porous asphalt concrete (PAC) has an open-graded aggregate mixture to yield high air voids; PAC is mainly applied to the surface drainage layer on high-speed trafficked highway pavements. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of binder types on the engineering properties and field performance of PAC mixtures. Three binder types were selected for a 19-mm nominal maximum aggregate size gradation: conventional asphalt AR-80, polymer-modified asphalt, and high-viscosity asphalt. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the engineering properties of the PAC mixture, including permeability, resistance to draindown, resistance to disintegration, resistance to rutting, and resistance to indirect traction. A 3-km in-service test road was constructed to monitor the performance of PAC pavements using these three binders. Polymer-modified binder was shown to minimize abrasion loss and enhance the durability of the PAC mixture. Test results indicated that the use of polymer-modified binder, instead of unmodified binder, reduced rutting and raveling. When the mixture contained high-viscosity binder, it showed the best performance in the field. Field measurements indicated improved drainage as a result of replacement of the conventional asphalt AR-80 binder with the polymer-modified and high-viscosity binders. PAC pavement surfaces provided good frictional characteristics once the asphalt binder film was worn from the aggregate.
5
Jadidi, K., M. Khalili, M. Karakouzian, and S. Amirkhanian. "Toughness, Tenacity and Maximum Initial Strength of Rubber Modified Asphalt Binders." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 1 (February 16, 2019): 3765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2526.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The toughness and tenacity test method, which was developed in the 1980s, is popular for evaluating a polymer-modified binder. Several states like Nevada require performing this test to evaluate non-modified binder samples, as well as other types of modified binders. In this regard, a toughness and tenacity test was performed on rubber-modified samples produced from virgin binder PG58-28, PG64-16 and AC-20. In order to take the rubber size, type and content into account, two rubber sizes, mesh #20 and #40, two rubber types, ambient and cryogenic, and three rubber contents, 10%, 15%, and 20% were produced and tested. The results then were compared with polymer-modified and terminally blended rubber-modified samples. The results show improvement in the amount of initial maximum strength, and a decline in the magnitude of elongation, toughness and tenacity for the rubber-modified binder, compared to other types of binders.
6
Fakhri, Mansour, Sajad Javadi, Reza Sedghi, Alireza Sassani, Ali Arabzadeh, and Behnam Baveli Bahmai. "Microwave Induction Heating of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Materials for Self-Healing and Deicing." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 10129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810129.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study evaluates the influence of polymer-modification on the induction heating capability of asphalt mastic in a microwave field, and investigates how effectively this approach can be utilized for ice melting and self-healing purposes. To this end, different asphalt mastic mixtures with different polymer-modification and mixing procedures were tested under microwave field exposure for induction heating capability, ice-melting ability, and self-healing capacity. The mixtures were made through warm-mix and hot-mix procedures with four bituminous binders, including virgin (unmodified) asphalt and the same binder modified with three types of polymers. The results showed the effectiveness of microwave induction heating of asphalt mastic for both crack-healing and deicing purposes. The binder type was found to influence the ice melting and crack healing rates, such that using a warm-mix asphalt binder resulted in a more efficient heat generation and conduction than using a virgin asphalt binder. While polymer-modification undermined induction-heating, ice-melting, and self-healing performances, SBS-modified asphalt binders exhibited better performance than the other polymer-modified binders.
7
Zhou, Zhou, Xingyu Gu, Jiwang Jiang, Fujian Ni, and Yanxu Jiang. "Nonrecoverable Behavior of Polymer Modified and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Modified Binder under Different Multiple Stress Creep Recovery Tests." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 28 (June 30, 2018): 324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chinese transportation agencies usually use the styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified binder and rejuvenators when applying higher reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in surface courses. However, the rutting performance of RAP binder containing SBS binder and rejuvenators remains a problem. In order to better evaluate the rutting performance of asphalt binder, recently, a multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test (AASHTO T 350) was proposed and approved. This paper critically reviewed the AASHTO T 350 test method and AASHTO M 332 specification by carrying out a series of MSCR tests. A total of 18 types of SBS modified and modified RAP binders were tested. The effect of a rejuvenator on the rutting performance was analyzed. Three different MSCR tests were conducted considering different stress levels and creep recovery cycles, including test conditions of AASHTO T 350. The results indicated that AASHTO T 350 can grade the binders based on the nonrecoverable creep compliance and stress sensitivity parameters. Since SBS modified binders always have lower Jnr values at lower stress levels, higher stress levels and more creep recovery cycles are recommended to better evaluate the rutting resistance of binder. The addition of RAP decreased the Jnr values while the addition of rejuvenator had the opposite effect. The added SBS modified binder and rejuvenator have a negligible effect on the percentage recovery. It is suggested that a suitable rejuvenator dosage and virgin binder type should be chosen carefully to guarantee the rutting performance of RAP binder.
8
Al-Khateeb, Ghazi G., Waleed Zeiada, Mohammed Ismail, Ahmad Shabib, and Adel Tayara. "Mechanistic-empirical evaluation of specific polymer-modified asphalt binders effect on the rheological performance." Science Progress 103, no. 4 (October 2020): 003685042095987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420959876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Major distresses such as rutting, fatigue, and thermal cracking are facing asphalt pavement structures due to continuous heavy traffic loading and climate change. The modification of asphalt binders (one of the main components of the asphalt paving mix) has the potential to mitigate distresses through using different additives. Polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders showed a noticeable resistance to pavement distresses as reported in previous studies. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of polymer modification on the rheological properties of asphalt binders through laboratory tests. The polymers included styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and epolene emulsifiable (EE2) types. The 60/70 binder was used as a control for comparison. The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) was also utilized to simulate the effect of PMA binders on the rheological properties under different climatic conditions and structural capacities. Additionally, the MEPDG was further utilized to compare the effect of asphalt binders on rheological properties using four different binder input levels. Findings of the study showed that laboratory tests experienced varying outcomes regarding the most efficient asphalt binder by means of distresses resistance. However, the MEPDG evaluation showed that the overall ranking of asphalt binders positively impacting the rheological properties was as following: (1) 4.5% EE2 PMA, (2) 4% EE2 PMA, (3) 60/70 binder, (4) 5% SBS PMA, and (5) 4% SBS PMA binders. Furthermore, statistical analysis illustrated that the effect of using different binder input levels on the performance of pavement varied relatively to the evaluated distresses. The analysis showed that using different binder input levels would affect, to a certain extent, the asphalt binder influence on rheological properties only when evaluating rutting and fatigue distresses. Therefore, it is recommended that precise asphalt binder inputs, that is, shear complex modulus (G*) and phase angle (δ) are used when designing pavement structures in regions with hot and mild climate conditions.
9
Xu, Ouming, Feipeng Xiao, Serji N. Amirkhanian, Yamin Liu, and Sen Han. "Long-term aging effect on rheological properties of combined binders from various polymers with ground tire rubber." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 5 (May 2016): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term aging effect on the rheological properties of the modified PG 76-22/PG 76-16 binders produced from ground tire rubber (GTR) with various polymers after a long-term aging process. The tests included the investigation of G*sinδ, phase angle, amplitude sweep, frequency sweep, creep and creep recovery and stress relaxation in terms of three base binders and five polymers. The test results indicated that both base binder and polymer type affect the fatigue resistance, creep and creep recovery, viscoelastic property, and relaxation characteristic of each modified binder. In addition, terminally blended GTR binder has better fatigue resistance than laboratory blended GTR binder after a long-term aging procedure in this study. It seems that binders modified with polyphosphoric acid combined with 7% GTR exhibit more elastic properties and better rheological properties than other modified binders regardless of binder sources.
10
Al-mousawi, Esraa J., Rashaa H. Al-Rubaee, and Ammar A. Shubber. "Mixing and Compaction Temperature of Nanosilica Composite Polymer Modified Asphalt." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol8.iss2.165.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recently, polymer -nanocomposites were used to manufacture durable asphalt mixtures to replace the polymer modified binder, because of the remarkable properties and unique features of nanomaterials compared to conventional materials, such as their wide surface area and small dimensions, making it possible to be utilized as an additive for asphalt paving. Nanosilica particles (NS) are one of the latest minerals which likely integrate useful characteristics, such as huge surface area, good distributions, high absorption levels, high stability, and a high level of purity. Therefore, this paper is interested in studying the characteristics of nanocomposite-polymer modified asphalt. In laboratory work, a pure asphalt 60-70 penetration grade, has been modified separately with waste polypropylene polymer (WPP), and nanosillica composite polypropylene (NS/WPP) at different concentrations. As a result, two modified binders: waste polypropylene polymer- modified asphalt (WPP-MA), and nanosillica composite polypropylene modified asphalt (NSCPMA) were obtained. Traditional asphalt binder tests were performed for pure and modified binders such as penetration, ductility, flash and fire point test, softening point, and rotational viscosity. Also, storage stability test has been conducted to ensure the storage stability of binders at high temperatures. The results showed an improvement in physical properties and increase in mixing and compaction temperature due to the increase in stiffness of (NSCPMA). The results also indicated that the nanosillica composite polypropylene modified asphalt binders have good storage stability at high temperatures.
11
Radziszewski, Piotr, Adam Liphardt, Michał Sarnowski, Karol J. Kowalski, Piotr Pokorski, Katarzyna Konieczna, Jan B. Król, et al. "Ageing Evaluation of Foamed Polymer Modified Bitumen with Bio-Flux Additive." Materials 16, no. 6 (March 8, 2023): 2167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16062167.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the results of an analysis of the changes in the stiffness of asphalt binders modified with a bio-flux additive and subjected to the processes of foaming and short-term ageing. The purpose of the analyses was to determine changes in the rheological properties of asphalt binder as a result of technological processes characteristic of hot and warm mix asphalt technology. Three asphalt binders with similar penetration but varying degrees of polymer modification were tested: 50/70, 45/80–55 polymer-modified bitumen, and 45/80–80 highly modified bitumen. Tests were carried out on four groups of binders: original binders, foamed binders after 14 days of storage, non-foamed binders after Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT) ageing, and foamed binders after 14 days of storage subjected to RTFOT ageing. The master curves of the complex shear modulus G* were analysed, and three indexes of binder stiffening were determined, characterising the investigated effects. The tests showed that some of the stiffening indices significantly depended on the degree of polymer modification and the content of the bio-flux additive. Moreover, it was found that the foaming process in the case of paving-grade bitumen and polymer-modified bitumen did not contribute to the additional stiffening of the binders.
12
Высоцкая, М., Marina Vysotskaya, Д. Кузнецов, Dmitriy Kuznecov, Д. Литовченко, D. Litovchenko, Д. Барковский, Dmitriy Barkovskiy, А. Ширяев, and A. Shiryaev. "THE NEED FOR A PLASTICIZER IN THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERIC-BITUMEN BINDERS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, no. 5 (April 19, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5cd6df466bb9e0.32764094.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The popularity of asphalt mixes on a polymer-bitumen binder is caused by the desire to ensure the operational reliability of road pavements due to the axle load of vehicle and the intensity of traffic. In addition, the use of an appropriate type of binder has become an important direction in ensuring the operational reliability of asphalt concrete pavements, suitable for the specific conditions of the region, marked with PG. The provision of required set of properties of the polymer-bitumen binder largely depends on the percentage of the polymer and on the type of plasticizer used. The article presents the results of comparative tests of polymer-bitumen binders with the use of six different plasticizing agents. The dependence of changes in the indicators of modified binders and their thermal stability is investigated. Recommendations are given to maintain the required level of physical and mechanical parameters of polymer-bitumen binder.
13
Bowers, Benjamin F., Stacey D. Diefenderfer, and Brian K. Diefenderfer. "Laboratory Evaluation of a Plant-Produced High Polymer–Content Asphalt Mixture." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2631, no. 1 (January 2017): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2631-16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reflective cracking in asphalt overlays placed over jointed concrete pavements is of major concern in Virginia, as well as nationally, and has generated interest in various reflective crack mitigation techniques that are easy to implement. One technique is the use of binder modifiers, such as asphalt rubber, polymer-modified asphalt binders, or high polymer–content (HP) modified binders. In the summer of 2014, the Virginia Department of Transportation placed an HP asphalt mixture produced by using an asphalt binder that contained approximately 7.5% styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer in a trial section within a subdivision as a low-risk means to assess constructability and laboratory performance. The HP mixture was evaluated in comparison with a typical surface asphalt mixture with a 9.5-mm nominal maximum aggregate size, as a control. Testing was performed on specimens fabricated from reheated control and HP mixture samples, as well as on specimens fabricated from site-compacted samples and road cores of the HP mixture. In addition, binder grading was performed on the control binder and modified binder. The HP binder was significantly more elastic than the control binder. Comparable dynamic moduli were found for reheated mixture specimens, although site-compacted and road core specimens from the HP mixture had lower stiffness than the control mixture. The HP mixture performed better in rutting and in fatigue. The Texas overlay test indicated similar crack resistance between the two mixtures; however, measured loads of the HP specimens were nearly half those of the control specimens. The results of laboratory testing indicated that the mixture incorporating the HP binder should have a far greater fatigue life and rut resistance than the control mixture.
14
Hemmati, Navid, Jihyeon Yun, Mithil Mazumder, Moon-Sup Lee, and Soon-Jae Lee. "Laboratory Characterization of Asphalt Binders Modified with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 7666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247666.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study describes the laboratory assessment (physical and rheological properties) of the binders (PG 64-22 and PG 76-22) modified with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), and a comprehensive comparison between these two modified binder types. PG 64-22 and PG 76-22 were used as base binders. Both of the base binders were blended with SBR at four different percentages of content (0%, 4%, 6%, and 8% by the weight of the binder). The base and modified binders were artificially short-term and long-term aged using a rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) procedures. Superpave binder tests were conducted on the SBR modified binder using rotational viscometer (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR). In depth rutting performance was investigated using Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR). The results of this study indicated that (1) the addition of SBR into both binders increased the viscosity and polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders observed to have more significant effect on its viscosity property; (2) the higher the SBR content, the better the rutting resistance of the binder and it is observed that the effect is prominent on the control binder; (3) MSCR test results showed that the SBR modified binders improved the binder percentage recovery and found to have a more significant effect on the PG 76-22 binder compared to PG 64-22; and (4) both the control PG 64-22 and PMA PG 76-22 binders resulted in similar trends on the cracking properties and were found to have insignificant effects due to the addition of an SBR modifier.
15
Dziadosz, Sylwia, Mieczysław Słowik, Filip Niwczyk, and Marcin Bilski. "Study on Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modified Asphalt Binders Relaxation at Low Temperature." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112888.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper presents the results of laboratory investigation on asphalt binders relaxation at low temperature, carried out in a ductilometer using the tensile test with continuous force measurement. Polymer modified asphalt binder samples consisting of a 50/70 penetration grade bitumen mixed with a concentrate of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified bitumen—a 160/220 penetration grade bitumen modified with a SBS copolymer in the amount of 9%—were tested. Therefore, polymer modified binders containing 3%, 4.5%, 6% and 7.5% SBS, respectively, were obtained and investigated. Tensile tests were performed at −16 °C on samples before aging and subjected to short-term aging (RTFOT). Test results in the form of relaxation curves have been mathematically described using a modified generalized Maxwell model. Based on the acquired results, it was shown that the increase of the SBS copolymer content in asphalt binder precipitates the relaxation process, while aging slows down this phenomenon. It has also been proven that with increased content of SBS elastomer in asphalt binder, the effect of short-term aging on binder’s stress relaxation ability at low temperatures is reduced.
16
Uddin, Waheed. "Viscoelastic Characterization of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Binders of Pavement Applications." Applied Rheology 13, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2003-0013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractRutting is a primary reason of premature deterioration of asphalt highway pavements. Pavements constructed with polymer and other modifiers are showing improved performance. The virgin asphalt and modified asphalt binders and mixes used on several test sections of the I-55 highway rehabilitation project in northern Mississippi are compared. The laboratory creep compliance data for these binders were measured at low temperatures using a modified test procedure adapted for the Bending Beam Rheometer device. Dynamic Shear Rheometer was used at high service temperatures. The creep compliance data of the binder was used as an input to simulate creep compliance behavior of the mix using a micromechanical model. The field evaluation confirms the relatively poor performance of the virgin asphalt section with respect to rutting, compared to modified binder sections.
17
Abdelaziz, Amal, Chun-Hsing Ho, and Matthew Snyder. "Evaluating the Influence of Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders on Low Temperature Properties." MATEC Web of Conferences 163 (2018): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816305012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Low temperature cracking is one of the most common distress types in asphalt concrete pavements, particularly in cold regions. Many factors influence the behaviour of asphalt concrete pavements at low temperatures, such as the applied traffic load, environmental conditions and material characteristics. Asphalt binders are one of the primary factors that influence material properties. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of two types of asphalt binders: styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified asphalt binder and unmodified asphalt binder in resisting low temperature cracking. The study was conducted in Flagstaff, located at the area of Northern Arizona, in the United States. Asphalt samples were collected from the paving sections and were compacted and trimmed into small beams. Bending Beam Rheometer tests were performed, using the trimmed specimens at temperatures of -6°C, -12°C and -18°C. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that, SBS modified asphalt binder performs better in resisting low temperature cracking, compared to the unmodified binder. Based on the study outcomes, it is recommended to use SBS polymer modified polymers in areas subjected to severe cold weather events to maximize the life span of asphalt concrete pavements.
18
Zhao, Mingyu, Fan Shen, and Qingjun Ding. "Micromechanism of the Dispersion Behavior of Polymer-Modified Rejuvenators in Aged Asphalt Material." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 8, 2018): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091591.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polymer-modified rejuvenator has a different composition and dispersion behavior to traditional rejuvenators. The objective of this study was to investigate the micromechanism of polymer-modified rejuvenators on the behavior of aged asphalt binder. Firstly, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis was conducted to determine the dispersion effectiveness. Secondly, the dispersal behavior of polymer-modified rejuvenators was studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Rheological, toughness-tenacity, and force–ductility analyses of the rejuvenated asphalt binder were additionally performed. The results indicate that the contacted asphaltenic micelles in aged asphalt binder were dispersed by dispersion agent in the polymer-modified rejuvenator, and that the dispersion ability of the polymer-modified rejuvenator was promoted to the commercial rejuvenator level. Additionally, the polymer-modified rejuvenator was found to improve the rejuvenated asphalt binder’s resistance to deformation, through the formation of polymeric network structures in the asphalt binder. The results may be used to improve the performance of rejuvenated asphalt binder in recycled-pavement engineering.
19
Ismail, Wan Adilah, Intan Rohani Endut, and Sit Zaharah Ishak. "Polyacrylate Modified Binder for Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Performances Using Superpave Mix Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.238.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sustainable asphalt pavement is important in decreasing material costs by improving the existing material such as modified asphalt binders. It is also needed to provide a quality riding for road users. In achieving quality riding, the material selection and mix design must be correctly examined before using in pavement construction. Then, the aims of this study are to determine suitability of material selected by examining the aggregate properties and modified asphalt binder. In modified asphalt binder, 6% of polyacrylate polymer was added as an additive in 500g of binder content to dissolve. It was checked through Superpave gyratory compactor in determining air voids samples in term of height after compacted. The samples were mixed with different percentages of binder content; 5%, 5.5%, 6% and 6.5% to produce control and polyacrylate modified samples. 8 gyratory for Ninitialand 100 gyratory for Ndesignwere used in compaction of samples to determine air voids in term of height. The results show that 5.5% of binder content of polyacrylate modified samples has lower air voids compare than control samples. Thus, modified binders are able to minimize binder usage and save natural sources and also cost by improving bonding between mixtures to prevent pavement failure
20
Rocha Segundo, Iran, Salmon Landi, Alexandros Margaritis, Georgios Pipintakos, Elisabete Freitas, Cedric Vuye, Johan Blom, Tom Tytgat, Siegfried Denys, and Joaquim Carneiro. "Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of a Transparent Asphalt Binder Modified with Nano-TiO2." Nanomaterials 10, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 2152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10112152.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Transparent binder is used to substitute conventional black asphalt binder and to provide light-colored pavements, whereas nano-TiO2 has the potential to promote photocatalytic and self-cleaning properties. Together, these materials provide multifunction effects and benefits when the pavement is submitted to high solar irradiation. This paper analyzes the physicochemical and rheological properties of a transparent binder modified with 0.5%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 10.0% nano-TiO2 and compares it to the transparent base binder and conventional and polymer modified binders (PMB) without nano-TiO2. Their penetration, softening point, dynamic viscosity, master curve, black diagram, Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS), Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were obtained. The transparent binders (base and modified) seem to be workable considering their viscosity, and exhibited values between the conventional binder and PMB with respect to rutting resistance, penetration, and softening point. They showed similar behavior to the PMB, demonstrating signs of polymer modification. The addition of TiO2 seemed to reduce fatigue life, except for the 0.5% content. Nevertheless, its addition in high contents increased the rutting resistance. The TiO2 modification seems to have little effect on the chemical functional indices. The best percentage of TiO2 was 0.5%, with respect to fatigue, and 10.0% with respect to permanent deformation.
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Shin, E. Eugene, Alekh Bhurke, Edward Scott, Steve Rozeveld, and Lawrence T. Drzal. "Microstructure, Morphology, and Failure Modes of Polymer-Modified Asphalts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1535, no. 1 (January 1996): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153500109.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects of polymer modification on microstructure, morphology, and failure modes of asphalt binders and their concretes were investigated using various test methodologies that have been newly developed or modified. Results from the good and bad samples (i.e., a new Marshall concrete specimen and an aged road core, flexible pavement that showed signs of stripping, respectively) confirmed the reliability and applicability of the test methods. Two different viscosity-graded asphalt binders, AC-5 and AC-10, with two types of network thermoplastics, styrene-butadiene-styrene and styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, were studied for void morphology, binder phase morphology, statistical void image analysis, and failure modes as a function of polymer concentration and test temperature. One of the most striking results is that a highly entangled fibrillar network structure has been observed from both straight and polymer-modified asphalt binders after an electron beam etching. It was also observed that the morphology of the network altered with prestraining or binder aging. Void morphology and statistical void analysis were well characterized with the methods developed, but no significant effect of polymer modification was observed. From the fracture studies, however, the polymer modification indicated strong influence on both microdeformation behavior and failure mode of the asphalt concretes.
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Radziszewski, Piotr, and Karol J. Kowalski. "QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BITUMINOUS BINDERS BASED ON THE VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES: POLISH EXPERIENCE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 1 (March 10, 2014): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.843586.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Construction of modern and durable bituminous pavements requires high quality bituminous binder, aggregates and additives. The main objective of this paper was to analyse and compare viscoelastic properties of unmodified and polymer modified bitumens produced in Poland, Europe, in order to assess their quality. In this paper there are presented results of bituminous binder European classification tests (penetration, softening point and Fraass breaking point) as well as rheological test results conducted over a wide range of temperatures. In addition, image analysis of the microstructure of selected polymer modified bitumens is also presented. Based on the analysis it was concluded that although bituminous binders complies with European specification requirements, they are significantly different in terms of their rheological properties. It was found that regardless of binder producer, bituminous binder within the same hardness group exhibit different low and high temperature properties.
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Wu, Bangwei, Chufan Luo, Zhaohui Pei, Chuangchuang Chen, Ji Xia, and Peng Xiao. "Evaluation of the Aging of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modified Asphalt Binder with Different Polymer Additives." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 5715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195715.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A wide variety of polymer additives have been widely used in recent years. However, the effect of different polymer additives on the durability of asphalt binders has not been investigated thoroughly. To evaluate the aging property of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) asphalt binder with different polymer additives, three polymer modifiers, namely high modulus modifier (HMM), anti-rutting agent (ARA), and high viscosity modifier (HVM), were added to it. First, the Thin Film Over Test (TFOT) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) was performed on the asphalt binders. The rheological properties of the four asphalt binders before and after aging were then checked by the Dynamic Shear Rheometer Test (DSR). The chemical compositions of the asphalt binders were determined by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) test. Several aging indicators were adopted to reflect the aging degree of the asphalt binders. The results show that when polymer additives are added to the SBS asphalt binder, the complex modulus, storage modulus, loss modulus, and rutting factor substantially increase and the phase angle decreases. All the test parameters become higher after aging. The phase angle of the SBS asphalt binder is the highest at both unaged and aged states, while its other parameters values are the smallest. Moreover, the Carbonyl Aging Indicator (CAI) of SBS with polymer additives becomes lower under both TFOT and PAV conditions, indicating that polymer additives can improve the aging resistance of SBS asphalt, of which HVM modifies the aging resistance best. Complex Modulus Aging Indicator (CMAI) and Storage Modulus Aging Indicator (SMAI) have the best correlation coefficients with CAI, and the two aging indicators can be used to predict the aging degree of polymer modified asphalt binders.
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Al-Mansob, Ramez A., Amiruddin Ismail, Nur Izzi Md Yusoff, Che Husna Azhari, Mohamed Rehan Karim, Aows Alduri, and Mojtaba Shojaei Baghini. "Rheological Characteristics of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Modified Bitumen." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polymer modified bitumens have tended to be the most popular among the various types of modified binders that are available worldwide. Polymer modification significantly alters the rheological characteristics of the binder, thereby requiring the use of fundamental rheological testing methods to provide an indication of the performance of the binder and subsequently the asphalt mixture. In this paper the characterization of bitumen modified with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was done with four percentages of ENR content. The effects of the modifier on the conventional properties, storage stability and rheological properties were investigated. The results indicated that storage stability of ENR modified bitumens (ENRMB) were mainly dependent on the ENR content. ENR reduced the temperature susceptibility. The degree of the improvement generally increased with ENR content up to 9%.
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Michael, Tiza. "Characterization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Optimization in Polymer Modified Asphalt Blends: A Review." CEBEL Vol 2 Issue 2 April 2021 2, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2021.002.004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study reviews relevant literature on the characterization of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and its interaction with polymer modified asphalt(PMA). The study on fatigue cracking indicates that several indexes of binder performance usually decreased the tolerance to cracking of the Polymer Modified Asphalt (PMA). In another perspective, RAP binding rigidity affects the PMA binder tolerance to fatigue. The greater the rigidity of the RAP binder, the more fatigue strength the binders would provide. In addition, several researchers have demonstrated that the quality of RAP binder decreased the elastomeric response worth. It was generally found that the RAP binder effect on the PMA binder is similar to the unmodified binder effect. The resistance to rutting in the PMA binder improves and at the same time, fatigue cracking and thermal cracking are adequately minimized. Moreover, several researchers have shown that the inclusion of a RAP lowers elastomeric efficiency. In summary, RAP binding stiffness and gradation are essential features for PMA-mix designs. The review further illustrates that during the process of RAP binder characterization, the mortar testing process without the use of binder extraction is more effective than the conventional method. Also, the best measure for the evaluation of the fatigue cracking efficiency of RAP containing PMA blends does not seem to have gained any consensus among researchers as several researchers seem to have varying conclusions. Literature on Life Cycle Analysis of RAP has also been reviewed and presented.
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Al-Khateeb, Ghazi, Xicheng Qi, Aroon Shenoy, Kevin Stuart, and Terry Mitchell. "Assessment of Aging at FHWA's Pavement Testing Facility." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1940, no. 1 (January 2005): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194000116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Field cores were taken in 1995 and 2002 from eight asphalt pavements constructed in 1993 at FHWA's pavement testing facility to evaluate in situ pavement aging. Dynamic mechanical properties of these cores were evaluated by using the Superpave® shear tester. The moduli of aged pavements were also predicted from binder, aggregate, and mixture properties with available prediction models, and the aging severity levels of all pavements were compared between the lab-measured and model-predicted. Eight pavements with two polymer-modified and six unmodified binders were evaluated in this study. Polymer-modified asphalt pavements showed comparatively lower aging than unmodified asphalt pavements. For unmodified asphalt pavements, stiffer asphalts tended to have higher aging indices. The binder aging index was found to be inversely proportional to the loading frequency, and differences between the aging indices for different binders were higher at lower frequency. Comparison of lab-measured and model-predicted binder aging indices showed similar rankings for all binders. Low stiffness binders, for example, AC-5, showed higher aging indices than high stiffness binders, for example, Styrelf. Pavement depth significantly affected binder aging. The aging index near the surface (6.35 mm) was found to be about four to five times the aging index at a depth of 139.7 mm in pavement. Comparison of lab-measured and model-predicted mixture aging indices showed large variations, from overpredicted to quite underpredicted, depending on the binder type and nominal maximum aggregate size.
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Kim, Hyun Hwan, Mithil Mazumder, Moon-Sup Lee, and Soon-Jae Lee. "Evaluation of High-Performance Asphalt Binders Modified with SBS, SIS, and GTR." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (October 3, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2035954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, performance properties of polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) binders are evaluated depending on ground tire rubber (GTR) and styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS). Styrene-butadiene-styrene- (SBS-) modified asphalt binder of PG 76-22 is used as a base binder to manufacture the rubberized PMA binder. The rubberized PMA binders are blended using SIS modifier. The binders were artificially short-term and long-term aged using rolling thin-film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) procedures. Superpave binder tests were conducted on the binders through rotational viscometer (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR). Furthermore, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test and atomic force microscopy (AFM) microstructural analysis were performed. The results of this study indicated that (1) the viscosity properties seem to be highly dependent on GTR and SIS contents, (2) the addition of SIS is observed to have a significant effect on improving the rutting performances of rubberized PMA binders, (3) the cracking properties are considered to be improved significantly through SIS modification, and (4) in general, the rubberized PMA binders with SIS showed the best performance for rutting and cracking among all the binders used in this study.
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Kilger, Albert, Daniel Swiertz, and Hussain U. Bahia. "Long-Term Aging Performance Analysis of Oil Modified Asphalt Binders." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (July 17, 2019): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119847982.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oil modification of asphalt binders is a widely adopted strategy for meeting low temperature performance grade (PG) specifications. There is no shortage of data characterizing the rheological benefits of several oil modifiers. Current AASHTO M320/M332 specifications evaluate low-temperature performance using the bending beam rheometer which measures creep stiffness and relaxation properties of the asphalt binder after 20 h of aging using a pressure aging vessel (PAV). In this study, extended aging effects on oil and polymer modified binders are investigated using three oil-modified binders compared against a control binder using PG and PG+ testing methods. The oils evaluated include bio-oil and re-refined engine oil bottoms. All binders were subjected to a rolling thin film oven and 20-h PAV aging, as well as extended PAV aging of 40 and 60 h. Binders are evaluated using multiple stress creep recovery, AASHTO TP123 dynamic shear rheometry elastic recovery, and linear amplitude sweep tests in addition to standard PG methods. The results show that many of the rheological benefits supplied by the oils tend to diminish after 40 h of PAV aging. However, the long-term effects depend greatly on the type of oil used, as well as the type of polymer modification used. The results suggest that 20-h PAV aging may not be sufficient to predict the long-term performance of the binder, and that extended aging periods (40-h PAV aging) should be considered when selecting oil modified asphalts.
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Dias, Ana, Hugo Silva, Carlos Palha, and Joel Oliveira. "Low-Temperature Performance of Polymer-Modified Binders in Stone Mastic Asphalts." Infrastructures 6, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6040058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When temperatures drop to significantly low levels, road pavements are subjected to thermally-induced stresses, resulting in the appearance of thermal cracking, among other distresses. In these situations, polymers can be used as asphalt binder modifiers to improve certain asphalt binder properties, such as elastic recovery, cohesion, and ductility. Polymers also minimize some of the problems of asphalt mixtures, such as thermal and fatigue cracking and permanent deformation. This work’s objective was to study the behavior of asphalt mixtures at low temperatures, mainly when using modified binders. Thus, three binders were selected and tested: a standard 50/70 penetration grade bitumen and two polymer-modified binders (PMB), obtained by adding, respectively, 2.5% and 5.0% of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) in the 50/70 pen grade bitumen. Then, the PMBs were incorporated into stone mastic asphalt mixtures (namely SMA 11), which were subjected to low-temperature mechanical tests based on the most recent European Standards. The asphalt binders and mixtures evaluated in this work were tested for thermal cracking resistance, creep, elastic recovery, cohesive strength, and ductility strength. Overall, it is concluded that the studied asphalt mixtures with PMB, with just 2.5% SBS, performed adequately at low temperatures down to −20 °C.
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Bhurke, Alekh S., E. Eugene Shin, and Lawrence T. Drzal. "Fracture Morphology and Fracture Toughness Measurement of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Concrete." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1590, no. 1 (January 1997): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1590-04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pavement distress occurs through a variety of mechanisms, but it is always controlled by the adhesive and cohesive performance of the asphalt binder. Although the causes of pavement failures are known, the precise mechanisms by which they occur remain to be understood. Observation of the fracture morphology of asphalt concrete can provide some information in this respect. The fracture morphology of asphalt concrete is dependent on the morphology of the binder. A network structure was observed in thin asphalt binder films and the fracture morphology and engineering properties of asphalt concrete were found to be dependent on the network morphology of the asphalt binder. Addition of polymers to asphalt binders causes changes in the nature of the network structure, and its effect can be qualitatively determined by characterizing the fracture morphology. Styrene butadiene styrene (SBS), styrene ethylene butylene styrene (SEBS), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) latex and an epoxy-terminated reacting polyolefin (Elvaloy AM) were used in this study. A quantitative method to determine the effect of polymer modification on the fracture properties of asphalt concrete is the J-contour integral fracture toughness measurement. An experimental protocol to measure the critical J-integral fracture toughness ( J1 c) was developed and the low temperature (-10°C) J1 c values were determined for SEBS and Elvaloy AM-modified asphalt concrete at three different concentrations.
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Lushinga, Nonde, Liping Cao, Zejiao Dong, and Cyriaque O. Assogba. "Improving Storage Stability and Physicochemical Performance of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Asphalt Binder Modified with Nanosilica." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 8968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218968.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to storage stability drawbacks of polymer-modified bitumen (PMB), this study investigated the storage stability and physicochemical performance of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) asphalt binders (herein PMB) modified with Silicone surface-treated nanosilica (SNS). Dosages 0% (control), 1.5%, 3% and 5% SNS powder were added to PMB to prepare modified binders. Hot storage, Viscosity, Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fluorescence Microscopy (FM), Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) tests were conducted using modified binders. The study found that adding nanosilica powder to PMB improved storage stability, increased viscosity and complex modulus, and reduced rutting of binders. However, this bitumen modification was not beneficial to fatigue cracking. The performance improvement was because of the interaction between the polymer and nanosilica, creating a new polymer-nanosilica network which lowered the dynamics around the SNS particles, thereby reducing phase separation. Further, the Silicone Si–O–Si backbone bond present in SNS modified asphalt binder reduced temperature sensitivity thereby preventing thermal degradation at high storage temperature. Nanosilica modified binders presented well-dispersed nanosilica particles in the asphalt matrix. The modification mechanism was predominantly physical. Overall, the study concluded that nanosilica improves storage stability, rutting, and morphology of PMB binders.
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Ma, Tao, Xiaoming Huang, Yongli Zhao, and U. Bahia Hussain. "Compound rejuvenation of polymer modified asphalt binder." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 25, no. 6 (December 2010): 1070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-010-0152-6.
Повний текст джерела
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Kim, Hyun Hwan, Mithil Mazumder, Moon-Sup Lee, and Soon-Jae Lee. "Laboratory Evaluation of SBS Modified Asphalt Binder Containing GTR, SIS, and PE." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (November 19, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8830622.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Performance properties of polymer modified asphalt (PMA) binders with Styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), petroleum resin (PE), and ground tire rubber (GTR) were evaluated at high, intermediate, and low temperatures. Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) PMA binder of PG 76-22 was used as a base binder. The PG76 SBS PMA binders were blended with SIS, PE, and three different GTR contents (0, 5, and 10%). The binders were artificially short-term and long-term aged using rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and pressure aging vessel (PAV) procedures. Superpave binder tests were conducted on the binders through rotational viscometer (RV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and bending beam rheometer (BBR). Multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test was also performed to evaluate the rutting property. The results of this study indicated that (1) the addition of PE can decrease the binder viscosity, (2) although the incorporation of GTR and SIS significantly improve the rutting resistance of the binders, the effect of PE is found to be insignificant, (3) PE is observed to have positive effect on the cracking properties of control PG76 SBS PMA binder blended with SIS and GTR, and (4) incorporation of PE might be an useful option to improve the workability of high performance PMA binder in lieu with maintaining good rutting and cracking resistance.
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Ma, Tao, Kai Yang, Rui Li, and Jiujian Shen. "Effect of Aging on the Rheological and Molecular Weight Distribution of Asphalt Binder Treated with Polyphosphoric Acid." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (August 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9992530.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Asphalt binder behaves as a viscoelastic material and its inherit performance is dominated by rheological and chemical properties. Aging of asphalt binder is a prominent distress for long-term in-service asphalt pavement. In this work, the effect of aging on base asphalt modified by polyphosphoric acid (PPA) has been investigated. For the objective, virgin asphalt binder was modified by various dosages of PPA, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), and PPA/SBS compound modification. The short- and long-term aging processes were simulated by Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test (RTFOT) and Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) procedure. Rheological property of five aged modified binders was evaluated by the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Meanwhile, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was conducted to measure the molecular weight distribution and dispersion coefficient during the aging process. The high-temperature stiffness of PPA polymer binders is slightly higher than that of SBS and PPA/SBS compound modified asphalts. The aging ratio and molecular weight analysis verify the lower thermal-oxidative susceptibility of PPA/SBS compound modified asphalts. This study offers an understanding for the promotion and application of PPA modifier.
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Roy-Chowdhury, Abhirup B., Mofreh F. Saleh, and Miguel Moyers-Gonzalez. "Characterisation of Permanent Deformation Behaviour of Asphalt Mix Based on a Combined Elastic Plastic (CEP) Parameter." Infrastructures 6, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6120183.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Permanent deformation or rutting is a major mode of failure in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) pavements. The binder used in the asphalt mixture plays an important role in the rutting resistance performance of the mixture. Currently, the Superpave rutting parameter and a more advanced test called multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) are the most widely used tests for rutting characterisation of asphalt binders. However, they both have their own merits and demerits. This study was undertaken to introduce a combined Elastic-Plastic (CEP) parameter as an additional binder rheological rutting parameters. The study also aimed at investigating the applicability and potential of this parameter to supplement the existing binder rheological parameters to characterise the properties of asphalt binder related to HMA rutting performance. Additionally, the correlations of the binder rheological parameters with the asphalt mix rutting parameters generated by the dynamic creep and the dynamic modulus tests were investigated. For the polymer-modified binders, Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) was added to the PG 70-16 binder at two concentration levels (4, and 6% by the mass of the binder). A dense-graded HMA AC 14 was tested in the Dynamic Modulus (DM) and Dynamic Creep (DC) tests for evaluating the rutting performance. The CEP parameter was found to be much more reliable than the traditional G*/sin (δ) and the non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr) parameters for evaluating the rutting behaviour of polymer modified asphalt binders, evident from better correlations of CEP with the asphalt mix performance. Unlike Jnr, the CEP parameter revealed a wider range of values, which is comparable with asphalt mixture test results.
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Yu, Huanan, Xianping Bai, Guoping Qian, Hui Wei, Xiangbing Gong, Jiao Jin, and Zhijie Li. "Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Aging Properties of SBS-Modified Asphalt Binders." Polymers 11, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) polymer-modified asphalt binders have become widely used in asphalt pavement because of their advantages in high- and low-temperature performance and fatigue resistance. Asphalt pavement is inevitably exposed to sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) radiation during its construction and service life. However, consideration of the aging effect of UV radiation is still limited in current pavement design and evaluation systems. In order to evaluate the impact of UV radiation on the aging properties of SBS-modified asphalt binders, UV aging tests were performed on Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT)-aged samples with different UV radiation intensities and aging times. Sixteen different groups of tests were conducted to compare the rheological properties and functional group characteristics of SBS-modified asphalt binders. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR), FTIR, and SEM tests were conducted to evaluate the aging mechanisms in various UV aging conditions. The results found that UV radiation seriously destroys the network structure formed by the cross-linking effect in SBS-modified asphalt binders, which aggravates the degradation of SBS and results in a great change of rheological properties after UV aging. The nature of SBS-modified asphalt binder aging resulted from the degradation of SBS and the changes of asphalt binder base composition, which lead to the transformation of colloidal structure and the deterioration of asphalt binder performance. The tests also found that continuous UV radiation can increase shrinkage stress in the asphalt binder surface and leads to surface cracking of the asphalt binder.
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Bowers, Benjamin F. "Laboratory Evaluation of Mixture Type on Highly Modified Asphalt Mixtures in Virginia." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 28 (September 9, 2018): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118792998.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The work presented attempts to address reflective cracking of asphalt-surfaced pavements through binder modification with a highly polymer (HP)-modified asphalt binder. Nine asphalt mixtures ranging from fine dense-graded mixtures to stone matrix asphalt (SMA) mixtures were investigated with conventional polymer modified binders and HP binder. The dynamic modulus test, overlay test (OT), and semi-circular bend (SCB) test were used to evaluate the mixtures. In the cracking tests, HP mixtures outperformed the conventionally modified control mixtures for the same mixture type. For HP mixtures, in general, SMA mixtures performed better in the cracking test than dense-graded mixtures. One of the dense-graded mixtures having larger nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) performed better than the mixture with a smaller NMAS, whereas the other having a larger NMAS was not significantly different in crack testing. Further, a discussion on the calculation of bulk specific gravity and percent air voids in a cut OT and SCB specimen using saturated surface dry or vacuum sealing methods is presented.
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Zhang, Xiaorui, Chao Han, Jun Yang, Xinquan Xu, and Fan Zhang. "Evaluating the Rheological Properties of High-Modulus Asphalt Binders Modified with Rubber Polymer Composite Modifier." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 7727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247727.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the increasing traffic loading and changing climatic conditions, there is a need to use novel superior performing pavement materials such as high-modulus asphalt binders and asphalt mixtures to mitigate field distress such as rutting, cracking, etc. This laboratory study was thus conducted to explore and substantiate the usage of Rubber Polymer Composite Modifier (RPCM) for high-modulus asphalt binder modification. The base asphalt binder used in the study comprised A-70# Petroleum asphalt binder with RPCM dosages of 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, 0.40% and 0.45%, separately. The laboratory tests conducted for characterizing the asphalt binder rheological and morphological properties included the dynamic mechanical analysis (DM), temperature-frequency sweep in the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) device, bending beam rheometer (BBR), and florescence microscopic (FM) imaging. The corresponding test results exhibited satisfactory compatibility and potential for using RPCM as a high-modulus asphalt binder modifier to enhance the base asphalt binder’s rheological properties, both with respect to high- and low-temperature performance improvements. For the A-70# Petroleum asphalt binder that was evaluated, the optimum RPCM dosage was found to be 0.30–0.35%. In comparison to styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), asphalt binder modification with RPCM exhibited superior high-temperature rutting resistance properties (as measured in terms of the complex modulus and phase angle) and vice versa for the low-temperature cracking properties. Overall, the study beneficially contributes to the literature through provision of a reference datum toward the exploratory usage of RPCM for high-modulus asphalt binder modification and performance enhancements.
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Lushinga, Nonde, Liping Cao, Zejiao Dong, Chen Yang, and Cyriaque O. Assogba. "Performance Evaluation of Crumb Rubber Asphalt Modified with Silicone-Based Warm Mix Additives." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 30, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4840825.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research was conducted to elucidate better understanding of the performance of crumb rubber asphalt modified with silicone-based warm mix additives. Two different silicone-based warm mix asphalt (WMA) additives (herein Tego XP and Addibit) were used to prepare crumb rubber modified (CRM) warm mix asphalt binders. The viscosity of these CRM binders was measured at different temperatures and shearing rates. Furthermore, softening point and penetration tests, Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), Time Sweep (TS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Frequency sweep (FS), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) tests were also conducted on prepared samples. Based on these robust and rigorous laboratory experiments, it was established that viscosity of CRM binders was reduced by addition of Tego XP and Addibit WMA additives. However, WMA additives had different influence on rheological properties of the binder. CRM binder with Tego XP improved resistance to rutting of the binders but would degrade the fatigue performance. On the contrary, viscoelastic continuum damage (VECD) model results and those of phase angle approach revealed that the binder with Addibit improved resistance to fatigue cracking of the binders but had no adverse effects on high temperature rutting performance. FTIR test results established a presence of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in CRM binders with Tego XP and Addibit. PDMS is a well-known hydrophobic organic and inorganic polymer that is water repellent; therefore, binders containing these silicone-based warm mix additives could be beneficial in resisting moisture damage in asphalt binders and mixtures. Morphology of CRM binders with and without WMA revealed good distribution of the rubber particles in asphalt binder matrix. Further addition of WMA increased surface roughness of the binder, which can be correlated to changes in microstructure properties of the binder. Therefore, the study concluded that addition of Tego XP and Addibit reduces viscosity and improves mechanical properties of the asphalt binder.
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Gulzar, Saqib, and B. Shane Underwood. "Nonlinear Viscoelastic Response of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Binder Under Large Strains." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120907097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agencies have been increasing their use of polymer modified asphalt binders in recent years to address performance issues and lengthen the useful life of their pavements. When deployed these materials likely experience strain levels exceeding their linear viscoelastic (LVE) limits. The same situation exists in non-polymer modified asphalt binders as well, but the effect may be more pronounced in polymer modified systems because of their bi-phasic nature. In this study, terminally blended crumb rubber (CR-TB) modified asphalt is studied to understand and quantify the nonlinear viscoelastic response under large strains. The CR-TB binders are extensively used in pavements subjected to high vehicular loads and extreme climatic conditions; thereby, their response under large strains becomes more critical. The current standard characterization techniques are based on LVE response using small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology only and do not consider the behavior of binders under large strains. In this study, large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) rheology is used as a framework to more thoroughly investigate the complete response of the CR-TB modified asphalt binder under large strains at 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C and at the frequencies of 0.5, 1, and 5 Hz. The LAOS response is analyzed using Fourier-transform rheology and the orthogonal stress decomposition method involving Chebyshev polynomial representation. It is found that nonlinearity manifests greatly in this study material as strain levels increase and frequencies decrease. The relative nonlinearity increases with increasing strain amplitude and is more significant towards lower end of the tested temperature range. The CR-TB binder shows strain-stiffening/softening and shear-thinning/thickening behavior depending upon a specific temperature, strain level, and frequency.
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Celauro, Clara, Edwina Saroufim, Maria Chiara Mistretta, and Francesco Paolo La Mantia. "Influence of Short-Term Aging on Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Polymer-Modified Bitumen with Recycled Plastics from Waste Materials." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091985.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) is bitumen that has been specifically engineered with polymer for providing enhanced performance in service. The aging of bitumen is a main aspect that is able to affect its final performance: during the production phase in a hot mix plant, all the binders experience short-term aging due to the high processing temperature. The same is true during the production of the modified binder, when the polymer is dispersed at high temperature in the bitumen mass. This paper aims at studying the effect of short-term aging when using different types of modifiers such as recycled polymers obtained from waste materials. A 50/70 penetration-grade bitumen has been modified, and bitumen characterization has been carried out before and after short-term aging; conventional tests, viscosity measurements, and dynamical mechanical analysis have been used to investigate the properties. Different aging indices have been determined for predicting the effect of short-term aging based on the type of modifier. Furthermore, the morphology of the modified bitumen has been investigated via fluorescent microscopy, before and after aging, in order to highlight morphological changes due to aging. The results confirm that aging affects all the modified binders, due to the thermal stress imposed during PMBs production. Nevertheless, polymer modification is proved to reduce the aging effect in terms of an increase in the elastic modulus as experienced by the original binder.
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Nega, Ainalem, Behzad Ghadimi, and Hamid Nikraz. "Developing Master Curves, Binder Viscosity and Predicting Dynamic Modulus of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Mixtures." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 7, no. 3 (June 2015): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2015.v7.790.
Повний текст джерела
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Polonik, V. D., A. S. Kukleva, N. D. Avdeev, M. D. Shlyaptseva, Vadim G. Nikol'skii, I. V. Gordeeva, and S. V. Kotova. "The Results of the Compromise Task Solution Directed for Development of Polymer-Modified Binder." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.67.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work presents the results of optimization compositions of polymer-modified binder (PMB) by a compromise task. The conducted study of influence two prescription factors – containing styrene-butadiene-styrene and sulfur – on which is a set of indicators of polymer-bitumen binders were carried out. The regularities of these factors of mutual influence were established by such indicators as the Fraas brittleness temperature, penetration, softening point, ductility. The dosages of SBS and sulfur have been determined by ensuring the achievement of the required level of PBB indicators in accordance with GOST R 52056-2003 «Bitumen-polymer road binders are based on styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers. Specifications».
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Ishaq, Muhammad Aakif, and Filippo Giustozzi. "Correlation between Rheological Fatigue Tests on Bitumen and Various Cracking Tests on Asphalt Mixtures." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 17, 2021): 7839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Accurate characterisation and appropriate binder selection are essential to increase the load-induced cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures at an intermediate temperature. Hence, the primary goal of this study was to correlate the cracking resistance exerted by the binder with the cracking performance of asphalt mixtures. The laboratory-based experimental plan covered various types of laboratory tests specified by various agencies and road authorities to study the correlation of a neat bitumen and five polymer-modified binders with their corresponding asphalt mixtures. The fatigue life of the binders was assessed through a Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) test and statistically correlated with various load-induced cracking parameters from the indirect tensile test, semi-circular bending (SCB) test, and four points bending beam test (FPBB) of asphalt mixtures at 25 °C. Binders and mixes were further grouped depending on their polymeric family (i.e., modified with a particular type of polymer) to validate their statistical correlation. The indicator that mostly correlated the binder properties with the asphalt mixture properties is the secant modulus from the SCB test. Fatigue parameters obtained through LAS better explain the asphalt fatigue performance obtained through FPBB; specifically, asphalt tests at high strain levels (e.g., 400 micro strain) better correlate to the LAS fatigue parameter (Nf).
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Hassan, Mohammad N., M. M. Tariq Morshed, and Zahid Hossain. "Evaluation of Selected Performance Properties of Nanoclay-Modified Asphalt Binders." MATEC Web of Conferences 271 (2019): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927103006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Asphalt binders are often modified with additives such as acid, polymer, or a combination of multiple additives to achieve improved performance to sustain heavy loads and adverse weather conditions. According to some previous researches, nanoclay can be a good alternative of currently practiced Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modification, and the former is expected to reduce the overall cost of the asphalt binder. Three types of nanoclay (Cloisite 10A, 11B, and 15A) were blended with asphalt binders prepared from two different sources (Arabian Crude and Canadian Crude). A blending protocol has been developed to blend nanoclay with the base binders. Mechanical properties including viscosity, rutting parameter have undergone significant changes after the nanoclay modification. It was also observed that nanoclay modified binders offer different moisture susceptibility while bonding with different aggregates; the nanoclay modified asphalt binder exhibits better bonding with gravel than sandstone. Mechanistic properties such as viscosity and rutting parameter are found to be highly correlated with the chemical compositions. Binders from the Canadian crude showed more colloidal stability than binders from the Arabian crude after nanoclay modification.
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Vysotskaya, Marina, Dmitry Litovchenko, Artem Shiryaev, and Maxim Lashin. "Use of plasticizers in the production of PMB, as a tool for creating effective binders." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 04038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015704038.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, the use of an appropriate type of binder suitable for specific climate conditions has become an important area for ensuring the operational reliability of asphalt concrete coatings. However, it is worth noting that the required set of PMB properties depends not only on the percentage of the polymer, but also on the type of plasticizer used. The results of comparative tests of polymer-bitumen binders prepared using 6 different plasticizing additives are presented. The dependence of changes in the parameters of modified binders, as well as their thermal stability, is studied. Based on the analysis of generalized efficiency criteria, a Comprehensive assessment of the effect of the plasticizer on the properties of the final product – PMB-was performed. The result demonstrates the need to use plasticizing components to achieve the required properties of the modified binder. Recommendations are given to maintain the required level of physical and mechanical parameters of PMB.
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Vysotskaya, Marina, Dmitry Litovchenko, Artem Shiryaev, and Maxim Lashin. "Use of plasticizers in the production of PMB, as a tool for creating effective binders." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 06034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015706034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, the use of an appropriate type of binder suitable for specific climate conditions has become an important area for ensuring the operational reliability of asphalt concrete coatings. However, it is worth noting that the required set of PMB properties depends not only on the percentage of the polymer, but also on the type of plasticizer used. The results of comparative tests of polymer-bitumen binders prepared using 6 different plasticizing additives are presented. The dependence of changes in the parameters of modified binders, as well as their thermal stability, is studied. Based on the analysis of generalized efficiency criteria, a Comprehensive assessment of the effect of the plasticizer on the properties of the final product – PMB-was performed. The result demonstrates the need to use plasticizing components to achieve the required properties of the modified binder. Recommendations are given to maintain the required level of physical and mechanical parameters of PMB.
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Remišová, Eva, Viera Zatkaliková, and František Schlosser. "Study of Rheological Properties of Bituminous Binders in Middle and High Temperatures." Civil and Environmental Engineering 12, no. 1 (May 1, 2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2016-0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The bitumen binders in road pavements are exposed traffic loading effect at different climatic conditions. A resistance to these stresses depends on bitumen properties as well. The paper presents rheological properties (G*, δ, ν*) determined and compared for four bituminous binders (unmodified and polymer modified bitumen) at temperature 46 – 60 (80) °C and dynamic viscosity at temperature 130 – 190 °C (Brookfield viscometer). On the basis of viscosity results it is possible to set optimal production and compaction temperatures. Elastic and viscous behavior of binder in the middle temperature is determined in rheometers. The higher value of complex modulus, the stiffer bitumen binder is able to resist deformation. The greater content of elastic components (e.g. polymer in bitumen) varies mainly elastic-viscous properties of primary bitumen.
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Salim, Ramadan, Akshay Gundla, B. Shane Underwood, and Kamil E. Kaloush. "Effect of MSCR Percent Recovery on Performance of Polymer Modified Asphalt Mixtures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 5 (April 8, 2019): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119841283.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The AASHTO M332 specification includes a relationship between the non-recoverable creep compliance at 3.2 kPa ( Jnr3.2) and the percent of elastic recovery ( R3.2) from the multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test. Justification for the exact position of this curve based on binder performance is largely undocumented in the technical literature as is the singular effect of higher or lower R3.2 values on mixture performance. In this study, nine binders were tested to evaluate the effect of R3.2 on the performance of asphalt mixtures. Binders with similar Jnr3.2 and varying MSCR R3.2 were divided into four groups based on their Jnr3.2 value. Comparisons were made based on results obtained from the dynamic modulus test, Hamburg wheel tracking test, and axial fatigue test. Based on these tests, it was shown that R3.2 had a strong relationship to the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures especially at intermediate and high temperatures. Binders with lower R3.2 had a higher dynamic modulus but showed no correlation to phase angle. Both modulus and phase angle of the mixture correlated to the binder shear modulus and phase angle. Binders with high R3.2 had a greater fatigue resistance and the effect is quite noticeable. However, R3.2 was shown to have little to no effect on the rutting resistance of the asphalt mixtures for the temperatures tested in this study. Finally, an alternative Jnr3.2 versus R3.2 relationship based on the results of this study is also presented.
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Cappello, Miriam, Sara Filippi, Yvong Hung, Massimo Losa, and Giovanni Polacco. "Apparent Molecular Weight Distributions for Investigating Aging in Polymer-Modified Bitumen." Advances in Polymer Technology 2021 (November 26, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3660646.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The oxidative aging of bituminous binders affects the performance and durability of pavements. In the case of polymer-modified binders, aging involves both bitumen and polymers and has a strong impact on the whole architecture of the material. Rheology may help in understanding these structural changes, and interesting information may be obtained by analysing the evolution of apparent molecular weight distributions. This was demonstrated with a bituminous binder modified with a poly(styrene-butadiene) block copolymer and subjected to prolonged artificial aging. Isothermal frequency sweep tests were used to construct master curves of the phase angle and magnitude of the complex modulus. The master curves were then used to calculate relaxation spectra and apparent molecular weight distributions of the binders, as well as simulated temperature sweep tests. A comparison of the behaviour of the base and modified bitumen highlighted the role of the polymer in aging. Polymer degradation significantly damages the elastomeric network, yet the residual polymer chains still interact with the bitumen molecules and reduce their oxidative aging. The apparent molecular weight distributions were deconvoluted to create an aging index specifically developed for polymer-modified bitumen.