Дисертації з теми "Polymer fluid"
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Elkovitch, Mark D. "Supercritical fluid assisted polymer blending /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488204276531724.
Повний текст джерелаWood, Colin David. "Polymer synthesis using compressed fluid solvents." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272686.
Повний текст джерелаShin, Y. Michael (Young-Moon Michael) 1969. "Formation of polymer nanofibers from electrified fluid jets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8848.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 176-182).
The formation of polymer nanofibers from fluid jets in· an electric field, also referred to as electrospinning, has been studied. Controlling the fiber properties requires a detailed understanding of how a millimeter-diameter fluid jet emanating from a nozzle is transformed into solid fibers that are four orders of magnitude smaller in diameter. To this end, a fiber spinner operating under a uniform electric field and providing a controlled process environment was designed. In the conventional view of electrospinning, the mechanism leading to small fiber diameters has been attributed to the splaying phenomenon, in which a single jet splits into multiple smaller jets due to radial charge repulsion. Using high-speed photography and an aqueous solution of poly(ethylene oxide) as a model fluid, it was shown that the jet does not splay but instead undergoes a rapid whipping motion. The high whipping frequency created the optical artifact of multiple jets. The whipping jet was best observed in the onset region of the instability. Further downstream, the amplitude of the instability continued to grow, and the jet trajectory became more chaotic. This was verified through photography of the entire jet and close-up observations of representative regions further downstream. Based on these findings, an alternative mechanism for the formation of polymer nanofibers is proposed. It is conjectured that the whipping instability causes stretching and bending of the jet. The large reduction in jet diameter is achieved by increasing the path length over which the fluid jet is accelerated and stretched prior to solidification or deposition on a collector. Whipping induced stretching is conjectured to be the primary mechanism causing the jet diameter reduction. To provide a concise way of displaying the stability of electrified fluid jets as a function of the electric field and the flow rate, operating diagrams were developed. These diagrams delineate regions of different jet behavior, and the stability borders for two transitions have been mapped. The first transition is from dripping to a stable jet; and represents the suppression of the Rayleigh instability. For high conductivity fluids, an additional transition from a stable to a whipping jet can be observed at higher electric fields. The experimental findings are supported by a theoretical analysis of the jet thinning and the onset of the instability. To elucidate the fundamental electrohydrodynamics, glycerol was studied as a model fluid. Based on the experimental observation that whipping occurs on a length scale much larger than the jet radius, an asymptotic approximation of the electrohydrodynamic equations has been developed by Hohman and Brenner. This theory governs both long wavelength axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric distortions of the jet, and allows the jet stability to be evaluated as a function of all relevant fluid and process parameters. Three different instabilities are predicted: the classical Rayleigh instability, an axisymmetric conducting mode, and a non-axisymmetric conducting mode. The presence of these instabilities at various locations along the jet has been verified with high-speed video and photography. The particular instability that is observed depends on the jet shape and the surface charge density. To achieve quantitative agreement between experimental and theoretical jet profiles, the jet current and the local electric field in the vicinity of the nozzle had to be taken into account. The electric currents in stable jets were found to be linear in both the electric field and the flow rate Theoretical operating diagrams were developed based on the experimental insight that the instabilities are convective. The dependence of the stability borders on both the electric field and the flow rate is correctly reproduced by the Hohman-Brenner theory. This implies that operating diagrams have the potential to be used as predictive tools to better understand and control the process. The quantitative agreement between theory and experiments suggests that the fundamental process in electrospinning involves indeed a rapidly whipping jet, which is caused by the interaction of surface charges on the jet and the applied electric field. The notion of a whipping jet has also been extended to low viscosity fluids, where the jet disintegrates into fine droplets, i.e., electrospraying. For sufficiently large jet radii, experiments have verified the theoretical prediction that the dispersal of fluid results from the growth of a non-axisymmetric conducting mode along the jet, which subsequently breaks into droplets due to the axisymmetric conducting mode.
by Y. Michael Shin.
Ph.D.
Harlen, Oliver Guy. "Strong flows of dilute polymer solutions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358648.
Повний текст джерелаHarris, Owen John. "Unsteady flows of dilute polymer solutions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319993.
Повний текст джерелаTaddese, Tseden. "Thermodynamics and dynamics of polymers at fluid interfaces." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/thermodynamics-and-dynamics-ofpolymers-at-fluid-interfaces(27166765-7d8b-405f-90d2-7f2489a200ca).html.
Повний текст джерелаRoyer, Joseph Robert. "Supercritical Fluid Assisted Polymer Processing: Plasticization, Swelling and Rheology." NCSU, 2000. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20000810-144737.
Повний текст джерелаThe use of supercritical carbon dioxide, scCO is a gas under atmospheric conditions, it can be used as a processing aid and then easily removed from a polymer through evaporation to obtain the original physical properties of the unplasticized polymer matrix. In addition, CO has been shown to be more environmentally friendly in comparison to many of the traditional organic plasticizers. However, the biggest challenge hindering the widespread use of CO as a plasticizer involves a lack of understanding of and data quantifying its effect on polymer swelling and the concomitant reduction in material viscosity. In this work, a three-step approach is used to investigate and quantify the physical phenomena associated with CO-induced plasticization of polymer melts.First, a novel experimental apparatus was designed and constructed to measure equilibrium swelling, swelling kinetics and diffusion of CO into a polymer melt. It was found that diffusion of CO pressure had a negligible effect on the diffusion coefficient; however, the system temperature directly affected the diffusion coefficient. Increased pressure was found to enhance the extent of swelling whereas a maximum was observed with increasing temperature, at pressures above 15 MPa. The Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state was found to be in good agreement with the experimentally calculated variables, and thus, can be used as a predictive tool to obtain physical properties of the CO-PDMS system.Secondly, a high pressure extrusion slit die rheometer was constructed to measure the viscosity of polymer melts plasticized with low concentrations of CO. Polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polypropylene, low density polyethylene, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) were all investigated. CO was found to be an efficient plasticizer for all of these polymer materials, generally lowering the viscosity of the melt 30-80%, depending on processing conditions. Predictive viscoelastic scaling models based on free-volume principles and a prediction of Tg depression from a diluent were developed to quantify the effects of CO concentration, pressure and temperature on viscosity. This unique free-volume approach allows the high pressure polymer/CO rheology to be predicted based solely on physical parameters of the polymer melt and CO solution behavior over the concentration and temperature ranges for which the models are valid.Finally, a novel high pressure magnetically levitated sphere rheometer (MLSR) was developed to further investigate the effects of CO on the viscosity of polymer melts. The MLSR measures the difference in magnetic intensity required to levitate a magnetic sphere in a sample fluid while the fluid is at rest and under shear. The observed change in magnetic intensity is directly proportional to the viscoelastic force imposed on the sphere by the surrounding fluid, and thus is used to calculate the fluid viscosity from a calibration of known viscosity standards. The rheometer eliminates many of the disadvantages associated with other high pressure rheometers and can operate over a wide range of CO concentrations at constant pressure with excellent reproducibility. This rheometer was used to measure the viscosity reduction of poly(dimethyl siloxane) by CO were investigated. The viscosity of the polymer melt could be lowered in excess of 97% of its original value at atmospheric pressure by adding a CO concentration of approximately 30 wt%. Additionally, experimental evidence revealed that the elevated pressure significantly increased the polymer/CO viscosity.
Carlà, Vito <1978>. "Supercritical fluid polymer processing: anomalous sorption and dilation behaviour." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/613/.
Повний текст джерелаWagner, Lukas. "Simulations of fluid and polymer dynamics with discrete methods /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935125881663.
Повний текст джерелаCasiano, Matthew Joseph. "The investigation of flow within a polymer scaffold inside a perfused bioreactor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20712.
Повний текст джерелаKao, Hsien-Hsi. "Understanding the fluid phase equilibria and polydispersity in polymer systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516170.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Lucy Ying Jr. "Quantitative Analysis of Additives in Low Density Polyethylene Using On-line Supercritical Fluid Extraction /Supercritical Fluid Chromatography." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36786.
Повний текст джерелаPolymer additives exemplify many classes of compounds which possess a wide variety of chemical (i.e., phenols, amides, esters) and physical (i.e., volatility, solubility) properties. They are incorporated into polyolefins and other such polymeric materials for a number reasons: (a) to prevent degradation by ultraviolet light, heat, and oxygen; (b) to aid in the processing of the polymer; and (c) to modify the physical properties of the polymer. Since the purity and amount of additive can affect polymer properties, it is very important to characterize and quantify additives in polymer products. Traditional liquid solvent/polymer extraction methods, which involve dissolution/precipitation, are time-consuming, uneconomical, and the recoveries are significantly lower than 90%.
In recent years, analysis with supercritical fluids (SFs) has emerged as an alternative analytical technique because SFs afford higher diffusivity and lower viscosity. In this research, an on-line Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)/Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) system was assembled to provide efficient extraction and separation of polymer additives with quantitative results. The effects of various SFE/SFC parameters, such as trapping temperature, injection temperature, extraction pressure and temperature, dynamic extraction time, and fluid flow rate on extraction and separation efficiencies of different additive standards (i.e., BHT, BHEB, Isonox 129, Irganox 1076 and Irganox 1010) were investigated. Optimized conditions were employed to quantitatively extract additives from LDPE. Identification of additives was performed by comparing the retention time with each additive standard. Results obtained from on-line SFE/SFC were compared to results from off-line SFE/High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and off-line Enhanced Solvent Extraction (ESE)/HPLC.
Master of Science
Vallabh, Rahul. "Modeling Tortuosity in Fibrous Porous Media using Computational Fluid Dynamics." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08062009-153236/.
Повний текст джерелаYuan, Yanhui. "Specific interactions in polymer + CO₂ + cosolvent systems: experiment and modeling." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37139.
Повний текст джерелаMoreau, Damien. "Characterization of flow within a polymer scaffold inside a compression-perfusion bioreactor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16362.
Повний текст джерелаGong, Kenan. "Polymer-drug formulations for controlled release via supercritical fluid assisted impregnation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497849.
Повний текст джерелаJouan, Gurvan. "Quantitative measurements of flow within a polymer scaffold inside a compression-perfusion bioreactor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16776.
Повний текст джерелаParicaud, Patrice. "Understanding the fluid phase behaviour of polymer systems with the SAFT theory." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7465.
Повний текст джерелаFateen, Seif-Eddeen K. (Seif-Eddeen Khaled) 1971. "Magnetophoretic focusing on submicron particles dispersed in a polymer-stabilized magnetic fluid." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8497.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references.
Magnetophoresis is the migration of particles upon the application of an inhomogeneous magnetic field. The overall goal of this work was to investigate the magnetophoretic focusing of non-magnetic particles suspended in magnetic fluids, which are colloidal suspensions of nano-sized magnetic particles. With the magnetic fluid as the solvent, dispersed non-magnetic particles behave as if they were diamagnetic due to the difference in magnetic susceptibility between them and the surrounding magnetic continuum. When an inhomogeneous magnetic force is applied, a magnetic force acts on the colloidal particles, the magnitude of which is linearly proportional to the volume of the particles, the difference in the magnetic susceptibilities of the particles and the surrounding magnetic fluid, and the gradient of the square of the magnetic field. One potential application for this phenomenon is in the separation of submicron biological particles such as viruses, cell fragments, DNA and inclusion bodies. Magnetic fluids have several characteristics that make them attractive for use in separation. For example, they can be tailored to the separation needs at hand, manipulated using external magnetic fields, and completely removed through magnetic filtration. Since the scope of the work was to use physical forces for attaining the desired separations, the magnetic particles were designed and synthesized without any chemical affinity to the solute to be separated. They were prepared by coprecipitation of iron (II) and (III) ions to form magnetite, which is coated by a comb copolymer that serves two purposes: to limit growth of magnetite to about 10 nm and to stabilize the particles against aggregation.
(cont.) The polymer was prepared by a reaction between amine-terminated polyethylene oxide and polyacrylic acid. Characterization of the particles was done experimentally and theoretically. Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the diffusion coefficient and the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles, while transmission electron microscopy was used to measure the diameter of the magnetic core. Since the structure of the magnetic fluid is an important parameter in its application in any magnetophoretic separation, we characterized the aggregation behavior of the magnetic fluids using different theoretical techniques. Monte Carlo simulation was used to understand the clustering in sterically-stabilized magnetic fluids. Simulation results agree favorably with the scattering experiments with regards to the cluster sizes and fractal dimensions. The characterization of a closely related system, a charge stabilized magnetic fluid, was also performed to explain the finite cluster size observed experimentally. Next, we investigated magnetophoretic focusing in the synthesized magnetic fluid, as a means to separate submicron colloidal particles based on size. The magnetophoresis concepts were validated experimentally by monitoring the dynamic evolution of the concentration profile of fluorescently-tagged polymer beads of various sizes in a magnetic fluid upon the application of an inhomogeneous magnetic field. Polymer beads larger than 0.2 /um focused at the point of zero force, and the effect of the magnetic field on the particles was correlated with their size...
by Seif-Eddeen K. Fateen.
Ph.D.
Gabor, Kelly M. "Computational Investigations of Polymer Devolatilization Processes in Steam Contactors." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1468849920.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Shuwen. "A preliminary discourse on tunable rolling resistance of electrorheological fluid containing polymer composites." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1446586803.
Повний текст джерелаKhani, Shaghayegh. "COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF POLYMER MELTS AND COMPOSITES." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1481201559936174.
Повний текст джерелаMobley, Sarah J. "Effects of Support Fluid Type on Concrete Integrity and Durability in Drilled Shafts." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7859.
Повний текст джерелаLam, Carlos. "Properties and applications of polymer support fluids in geotechnical engineering." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ba0867c6-eb42-4b9a-a400-b464749855c5.
Повний текст джерелаPandey, Vivek. "Extensional Mixing Elements for Improved Dispersive Mixing in Extrusion Operations." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1591698465031928.
Повний текст джерелаChoopanya, Pattarapong. "Computational fluid dynamics modelling of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell under transient automotive operations." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59505/.
Повний текст джерелаVia, James C. "Applications of supercritical fluids to the extraction and analysis of oligomers and polymer additives." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38653.
Повний текст джерелаMahboob, Monon. "Characterization and Microstructural Modeling of Composites: Carbon Nanofiber Polymer Nanocomposites and Magnetorheological Fluids." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1265262504.
Повний текст джерелаNixon, Grant Ian. "Entropic trapping and polymer dynamics in static, quasi-periodic arrays of obstacles in two dimensional media." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26307.
Повний текст джерелаHossain, Mohammad Zahid. "A new lattice fluid equation of state for associated CO₂ + polymer and CO₂ + ionic liquid systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53475.
Повний текст джерелаChakravarthy, Deepak. "Application of X-ray CT for investigating fluid flow and conformance control during CO2 injection in highly heterogeneous media." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2370.
Повний текст джерелаWu, Yue. "Experimental Determination and Equation of State Modeling of High-Pressure Fluid Behavior." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3237.
Повний текст джерелаKahvecioglu, Alper. "Designing Lost Circulation Pills For Polymer Based Drill-in Fluids." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610226/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаs in curing the lost circulation. Sized calcium carbonates are used as LCM in different concentrations and in different particle size distribution. Lost circulation zones are simulated using the ceramic disks and slotted disks. Ceramic disks with nominal pore sizes 20, 35, 60, 90, and 150 microns are characterized in terms of pore size distribution using the computerized image analysis technique. Filter cake quality, spurt loss and filtrate volume are basic parameters to be evaluated in this study. Tests are performed at 75 F and 300 psi of differential.
Costello, Kelly. "A Theoretical and Practical Analysis of the Effect of Drilling Fluid on Rebar Bond Strength." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7489.
Повний текст джерелаLynch, Daniel P. "The effect of polymer dose and mixing intensity on sludge dewatering with a plate and frame filter press." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44124.
Повний текст джерелаExperiments were performed with anaerobically digested sludge and a plate and frame filter press to determine filter press performance over a range of polymer doses and under a variety of sludge and polymer mixing conditions. In addition, bench-scale polymer dosing and mixing experiments were conducted with the same sludge samples to determine the relationship between the bench-scale tests and actual plate and frame filter press performance. Dewatering rate was measured in bench- scale experiments with a Capillary Suction Time (CST) device and dewatering rate in pilot-scale experiments was quantified by measuring the volume of filtrate from the plate and frame press. The dimensionless quantity, Gt, was used to measure total mixing intensity input where G was the mean velocity gradient and t was the mixing time for the sludge and polymer.
The performance of the plate and frame filter press was optimized by predicting polymer dose with a bench-scale mixing device. For the plate and frame filter press used in this study, the polymer dose was selected by finding the optimum polymer dose for the bench-scale mixing system set at a Gt value of 30,000. The sludge and polymer were mixed with a Gt value of 5000 prior to introduction to the filter press. The polymer dosing and mixing scheme that was developed for the filter press in this study indicates that the filter press imparts some shear (G) on the sludge and that polymer must be provided to reagglomerate fractured sludge particles. An estimate of the Gt value for the filter press that was used in this study is 15,000 to 40,000.
Master of Science
Drewniak, Marta. "Computer Simulations of Dilute Polymer Solutions: Chain Overlaps and Entanglements." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278086/.
Повний текст джерелаPotter, Catherine. "Application of supercritical fluid technology to the pre-formulation and production of amorphous solid dispersions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.677955.
Повний текст джерелаDeladisma, Marnico David. "Accuracy and Enhancement of the Lattice Boltzmann Method for Application to a Cell-Polymer Bioreactor System." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10546.
Повний текст джерелаAlmahmoud, Omar H. M. "Design Optimization of Functionalized Silica-Polymer Nanocomposite through Finite Element and Molecular Dynamics Modeling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707245/.
Повний текст джерелаBakan, Murat. "Development Of Polymer Resin-based Wet Friction Sheet Materials And Understanding Their Interactions With Automatic Transmission Fluids." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1438257941.
Повний текст джерелаIgder, Aghil. "Application of the Vortex Fluid Device (VFD) in Polysulfone Synthesis and Ultra-filtration Membrane Fabrication for water treatment purposes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2433.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Susan H. "Extraction of Additives from Polystyrene and Subsequent Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36774.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Mohee, Lakshana. "Collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering : the relationship between microstructure, fluid dynamics, mechanics and scaffold deformation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/276980.
Повний текст джерелаYeasting, Kyle Douglas. "The Evaluation of Hybrid Slurry Resulting from the Introduction of Additives to Mineral Slurries." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3415.
Повний текст джерелаKamarajugadda, Sai K. "Advanced Models for Predicting Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1323758118.
Повний текст джерелаGurbuz, Berkay. "Experimental Characterization Of Some Water Soluble Polymers Used In Drilling And Completion Fluids." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614146/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаnamely PAC (polyanionic cellulose) and xanthan gum, were investigated experimentally. Instead of an oilfield standard Fann Model 35 Viscometer, an Ofite Model 900 Viscometer was used because of its capability to measure at ultra-low shear rates. Effects of the concentration of the polymer, time of shear applied, test temperature and effects of aging were examined. Rheological measurements were conducted between the shear rate ranges of 0.01 to 1000s-1 with concentrations changing from 0.25 to 1.5 grams of polymer per 350 milliliters of water (equivalent to 0.25 to 1.5 lb/bbl). Rheograms were constructed to identify the effect the polymers in question have on the flow characteristics of the drilling fluid. An appropriate constitutive model was used to define the flow behavior of the polymer in question mathematically. It was observed from the constructed rheograms that increase in polymer concentration results in consistent increase of apparent viscosity. Amount of time of shear does not affect the selected polymers if they are dynamically aged at least for two hours. Also as expected increasing temperature of the sample lowers the apparent viscosity considerably.
Kalaikadal, Deepak Saagar. "Investigation of Bubble Dynamics in Pure Liquids and Aqueous Surfactant / Polymer Solutions Under Adiabatic and Diabatic Conditions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1525167893347615.
Повний текст джерелаSilveira, Bruno Marco de Oliveira 1985. "Invasão de fluidos de perfuração e fluxo reverso de óleo em reservatórios de arenito e de carbonato." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265243.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: As recentes descobertas do pré-sal no Brasil trouxeram novos desafios para as atividades de explotação de petróleo. Perfuração em formações carbonáticas apresentam grandes diferenças em relação a perfurações em rochas areníticas. Enquanto arenitos são mais homogeneos, rochas carbonáticas podem apresentar significativas variações em relação ao tamanho e à distribuição de poros, refletindo na produtividade de formação, como também na operação e manutenção de produção. A produtividade dos poços é avaliada logo após a perfuração dos mesmos, uma vez que danos à formação produtora podem alterar suas características originais. Diante disso, fluidos especificamente formulados para perfurar o reservatório, conhecidos como fluidos drill-in, vem sendo estudados com vistas à otimização da perfuração e à minimização de dano. Estes fluidos são desenvolvidos de acordo com as características do reservatório a ser perfurado e testes em laboratórios são necessários para que se possa adequar a formulação do fluido de perfuração com o menor custo, além de avaliar a invasão na rocha e verificar o possível dano residual para os fluidos candidatos. Este trabalho visa a comparação da invasão de fluidos drill-in e fluxo reverso de óleo em amostras de carbonatos e de arenitos de forma a avaliar a influência do tipo de rocha no dano à formação e sua interação com o fluido de perfuração testado. Os testes foram realizados usando dois aparatos experimentais diferentes, um para amostras com cerca de 7 cm de comprimento e outro para amostras medindo cerca de 30 cm, ambas com diâmetro de aproximadamente 3,7 cm. Os ensaios foram executados em amostras de carbonato e de arenito com permeabilidades absolutas ao gás semelhantes e submetendo-as ao respectivo protocolo de teste, cujas etapas incluíam a preparação das amostras, a caracterização de escoamento multifásico, a invasão com fluido de perfuração e o fluxo reverso de óleo. A invasão foi induzida por meio de um diferencial de pressão positivo através das amostras saturadas com óleo na condição de água conata, simulando o reservatório. O fluxo reverso ou deslocamento de óleo no sentido oposto ao de invasão representou a produção de óleo bem como a limpeza natural do reservatório. Durante a caracterização foi possível observar que as amostras de carbonatos utilizadas são menos molháveis à água em comparação aos arenitos. Com os resultados obtidos com o aparato utilizado para as amostras mais longas, foi possível identificar o deslocamento da frente de fluido invasor por meio dos pontos de medida de pressão distribuídos ao longo da amostra. A dinâmica de escoamento apontou que a invasão do fluido de perfuração foi mais rápida para as amostras de carbonatos em comparação com as amostras de arenito. Na etapa de fluxo reverso, pode-se observar que as amostras de carbonato apresentaram um retorno de produtividade maior e mais rápido relativamente aos arenitos
Abstract: The recent pre-salt discoveries in Brazil have brought new challenges to oil exploitation activities. Drilling in carbonate formations differs widely of drilling in sandstone rocks. While sandstones are more homogeneous, carbonate rocks are characterized by a large range of size and distribution of pores, which reflects in the reservoir productivity, as well as in the operation activities and production maintenance. The productivity and changes of original reservoir's characteristics due to formation damage are evaluated after drilling. Then fore, drilling fluids specifically designed to cross pay-zone, known as drill-in fluids, have been studied aiming at drilling optimization and damage minimizing. These fluids are developed according to the drilled reservoir characteristics and laboratory tests are performed to obtain proper drilling fluids formulations as fluid invasion and clean up are evaluated. The objective of this work is to compare drill-in fluids invasion (water-based polymer fluid) and backflow of oil in carbonates and sandstones samples to assess the rock type influence in damage formation and their interaction with the tested drilling fluid. Tests were run using two different apparatus, one for samples ~7,0 cm long and another for samples ~30 cm long, both with ~3,7 cm diameter. Lab tests were performed using carbonate and sandstone samples, with similar absolute permeability. These samples were submitted to a proper test protocol, that includes samples preparation, multiphase flow characterization, invasion and backflow processes. Damage formation was induced by injecting drill-in fluid with a positive differential pressure through samples saturated with oil and connate water, simulating the reservoir. Oil displaced in the opposite flow direction was performed to simulated natural cleanup or oil production. During the samples characterization, it was possible to observe that tested carbonate samples were less water wet than sandstones ones. From the results obtained with the apparatus used with longer samples, it was possible to identify the drill-in fluid displacement through pressure observation points distributed throughout the sample. The flow dynamics pointed out that the drilling fluid invasion was faster for carbonate samples comparing to sandstone samples. However, in backflow stage, a higher and faster productivity restoration was observed for carbonate samples than for sandstone ones
Mestrado
Reservatórios e Gestão
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
Wallis, Kirsty. "Design of experiment studies for the fabrication processes involved in the micro-texturing of surfaces for fluid control." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8456.
Повний текст джерелаFigueroa, Leonardo E. "Deterministic simulation of multi-beaded models of dilute polymer solutions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4c3414ba-415a-4109-8e98-6c4fa24f9cdc.
Повний текст джерела