Статті в журналах: "Polygonal SVS"

1

CHEN, DANNY Z., XIAOBO S. HU, SHUANG (SEAN) LUAN, CHAO WANG, and XIAODONG WU. "GEOMETRIC ALGORITHMS FOR STATIC LEAF SEQUENCING PROBLEMS IN RADIATION THERAPY." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 14, no. 04n05 (October 2004): 311–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195904001494.

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The static leaf sequencing (SLS) problem arises in radiation therapy for cancer treatments, aiming to accomplish the delivery of a radiation prescription to a target tumor in the minimum amount of delivery time. Geometrically, the SLS problem can be formulated as a 3-D partition problem for which the 2-D problem of partitioning a polygonal domain (possibly with holes) into a minimum set of monotone polygons is a special case. In this paper, we present new geometric algorithms for a basic case of the 3-D SLS problem (which is also of clinical value) and for the general 3-D SLS problem. Our basic 3-D SLS algorithm, based on new geometric observations, produces guaranteed optimal quality solutions using O(1) Steiner points in polynomial time; the previously best known basic 3-D SLS algorithm gives optimal outputs only for the case without considering any Steiner points, and its time bound involves a multiplicative factor of a factorial function of the input. Our general 3-D SLS algorithm is based on our basic 3-D SLS algorithm and a polynomial time algorithm for partitioning a polygonal domain (possibly with holes) into a minimum set of x-monotone polygons, and has a fast running time. Experiments of our SLS algorithms and software in clinical settings have shown substantial improvements over the current most popular commercial treatment planning system and the most well-known SLS algorithm in medical literature. The radiotherapy plans produced by our software not only take significantly shorter delivery times, but also have a much better treatment quality. This proves the feasibility of our software and has led to its clinical applications at the Department of Radiation Oncology at the University of Maryland Medical Center. Some of our techniques and geometric procedures (e.g., for partitioning a polygonal domain into a minimum set of x-monotone polygons) are interesting in their own right.

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2

Belov, B., A. Trotsan, and O. Vlasova. "Analysis of the structural and chemical state of the duplex – system of silicates – silicides of alkaline earth metals. Message 2. Duplex - system SiO2-MgO-CaO : Si-Mg–Ca." Casting processes 151, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.01.012.

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A polygonal diagram of the state of the CaO-SiO2-MgO ternary system was constructed in the entire range of concentrations of solid and liquid initial components, which increases the informativeness of polygonal diagrams of the state of metallurgical systems. The obtained results of the SCS analysis of the silicate and silicide phases of the duplex system SiO2–MgO–CaO : Si–Mg–Ca are the scientific basis for the optimization of blast furnace iron refining processes with smelting slags and magnesium alloys. Keywords: polygonal diagram, magnesium slag, silicate and silicide phases of calcium, physicochemical, technological and quantum-mechanical parameters.

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3

Wang, Yan Li, Ming Xu Zhang, and De Xin Tan. "Shape-Controlled Pd Nanoparticles in the Mixed Surfactants by Ultrasonic Irradiation." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.655.

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nanoPd nanoparticles were prepared using ultrasonic irradiation in the PdCl2/H2O/EtOH solution by the addition of a quantity of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) . The products were characterized by XRD、TEM and low temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption. The effects of the composition of CTAB and SDS on the growth morphology of palladium nanoparticles were investigated. The results indicate that the size and morphology of the nanoPd particles were controllable by adjusting the ratio of CTAB and SDS. The polygonal nanoPd particles with a distributed size of 10-20 nm were obtained when the molar ratio of CTAB:SDS was 1:1 and the reaction time was 60min. The nanoparticles obtained by addition of two surfactants (CTAB and SDS) increased the BET surface area by 14 m2∙g-1compared to that obtained without surfactant.

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Gonçalves, Vítor, Araliya Mosleh, Cecília Vale, and Pedro Aires Montenegro. "Wheel Out-of-Roundness Detection Using an Envelope Spectrum Analysis." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042138.

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This paper aims to detect railway vehicle wheel flats and polygonized wheels using an envelope spectrum analysis. First, a brief explanation of railway vehicle wheel problems is presented, focusing particularly on wheel flats and polygonal wheels. Then, three types of wheel flat profiles and three periodic out-of-roundness (OOR) harmonic order ranges for the polygonal wheels are evaluated in the simulations, along with analyses implemented using only healthy wheels for comparison. Moreover, the simulation implements track irregularity profiles modelled based on the US Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). From the numerical calculations, the dynamic responses of several strain gauges (SGs) and accelerometer sensors located on the rail between sleepers are evaluated. Regarding defective wheels, only the right wheel of the first wheelset is considered as a defective wheel, but the detection methodology works for various damaged wheels located in any position. The results from the application of the methodology show that the envelope spectrum analysis successfully distinguishes a healthy wheel from a defective one.

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5

Wu, Feng He, Qing Jing Yin, Jin Fen Wang, and Yong Xin Li. "Redundant Points Removing of SFS Reconstructed Surface." Key Engineering Materials 579-580 (September 2013): 618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.579-580.618.

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To remove the redundant points of image background in SFS reconstructed surface, a novel approach which combines the advantages of polygon scan and intersection algorithm and improves contour extraction method is proposed. In one hand, according to the gray scale level of pixels, the 3D profile of object is reconstructed by Shape from Shading method. In the other hand, firstly, the image is transformed into binary image through single-threshold segmentation method, the defects in image are remedied by morphological method, and the 2D contour of image is extracted through differential operator method; secondly, the image is divided into two parts using the polygon scan and intersection algorithm, that is the objective region and the background region; finally, the redundant points of image background in SFS reconstructed surface are removed through the fusing of 3D profile and 2D contour. Experiments shown that the proposed method can effectively remove the redundant points of SFS reconstructed surface, and it not only ensure the shape precision of SFS reconstructed surface, but also improve the universal of Shape from Shading technique.

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Wilson, John P., William P. Inskeep, Paul R. Rubright, Diana Cooksey, Jeffrey S. Jacobsen, and Robert D. Snyder. "Coupling Geographic Information Systems and Models for Weed Control and Groundwater Protection." Weed Technology 7, no. 1 (March 1993): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037234.

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The Chemical Movement through Layered Soils (CMLS) model was modified and combined with the USDA-SCS State Soil Geographic Data Base (STATSGO) and Montana Agricultural Potentials System (MAPS) digital databases to assess the likelihood of groundwater contamination from selected herbicides in Teton County, MT. The STATSGO and MAPS databases were overlaid to produce polygons with unique soil and climate characteristics and attribute tables containing only those data needed by the CMLS model. The Weather Generator (WGEN) computer simulation model was modified and used to generate daily precipitation and evapotranspiration values. A new algorithm was developed to estimate soil carbon as a function of soil depth. The depth of movement of the applied chemicals at the end of the growing season was estimated with CMLS for each of the soil series in the STATSGO soil mapping units and the results were entered into ARC/INFO to produce the final hazard maps showing best, weighted average, and worst case results for every unique combination (polygon) of soil mapping unit and climate. County weed infestation maps for leafy spurge and spotted knapweed were digitized and overlaid in ARC/INFO with the CMLS model results for picloram to illustrate how the results might be used to evaluate the threat to groundwater posed by current herbicide applications.

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7

YURTSEVA, OLGA V., ELENA E. SEVEROVA, and EVGENY V. MAVRODIEV. "Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset." Phytotaxa 314, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.314.2.1.

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Recent molecular studies revealed the polyphyletic nature of the broadly defined genus Polygonum. This paper includes a standard maximum parsimony (MP) and three-taxon statement analyses (3TA) as well as a taxonomic revision of Polygonum sect. Avicularia subsect. Spinescentia (Polygonaceae) as compared with two closely related taxa: genus Atraphaxis s.s., and genus Bactria. In total, 27 characters, including life history, habit, morphology of the shoots, leaf blades, ocreas, perianth, achene, ultrasculpture of perianth and achene surfaces, as well as pollen morphology, were analyzed, illustrated, and discussed in detail. Both the standard MP and 3TA confirm that monophyletic Polygonum subsect. Spinescentia is sister to the narrowly defined Atraphaxis. The genus Persepolium (Polygonum subsect. Spinescentia), with the circumscription of five species, is established as new to science as a result of this study. Possible transformations of perianth and thyrse morphology are discussed within the framework of the Principle of variable proportions by Troll in connection with a shift of pollination mode in the group of taxa studied.

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8

Hurd, Spencer P. "An Application of the Criteria ASASA for Quadrilaterals." Mathematics Teacher 81, no. 2 (February 1988): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.81.2.0124.

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Two polygons are congruent if a correspondence exists between vertices such that corresponding sides and angles are congruent. If the polygons are triangles then each has six parts that must correspond exactly, the three sides and three angles. But, as we all know, the congruence of two triangles can be det ermined from the congruence of only three of these six parts provided that the three parts are chosen according to the familiar rules SSS, SAS, ASA, or AAS.

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9

Nagaoka, Yasutaka, Hua Zhu, Dennis Eggert, and Ou Chen. "Single-component quasicrystalline nanocrystal superlattices through flexible polygon tiling rule." Science 362, no. 6421 (December 20, 2018): 1396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav0790.

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Quasicrystalline superlattices (QC-SLs) generated from single-component colloidal building blocks have been predicted by computer simulations but are challenging to reproduce experimentally. We discovered that 10-fold QC-SLs could self-organize from truncated tetrahedral quantum dots with anisotropic patchiness. Transmission electron microscopy and tomography measurements allow structural reconstruction of the QC-SL from the nanoscale packing to the atomic-scale orientation alignments. The unique QC order leads to a tiling concept, the “flexible polygon tiling rule,” that replicates the experimental observations. The keys for the single-component QC-SL formation were identified to be the anisotropic shape and patchiness of the building blocks and the assembly microscopic environment. Our discovery may spur the creation of various superstructures using anisotropic objects through an enthalpy-driven route.

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10

Rashkovan, A., S. D. Amar, U. Bieder, and G. Ziskind. "Analysis of Polygonal Vortex Flows in a Cylinder with a Rotating Bottom." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031348.

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The present paper provides a physically sound numerical modeling of liquid flows experimentally observed inside a vertical circular cylinder with a stationary envelope, rotating bottom and open top. In these flows, the resulting vortex depth may be such that the rotating bottom disk becomes partially exposed, and rather peculiar polygon shapes appear. The parameters and features of this work are chosen based on a careful analysis of the literature. Accordingly, the cylinder inner radius is 145 mm and the initial water height is 60 mm. The experiments with bottom disk rotation frequencies of 3.0, 3.4, 4.0 and 4.6 Hz are simulated. The chosen frequency range encompasses the regions of ellipse and triangle shapes as observed in the experimental studies reported in the literature. The free surface flow is expected to be turbulent, with the Reynolds number of O(105). The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is adopted as the numerical approach, with a localized dynamic Subgrid-Scale Stresses (SGS) model including an energy equation. Since the flow obviously requires a surface tracking or capturing method, a volume-of-fluid (VOF) approach has been chosen based on the findings, where this method provided stable shapes in the ranges of parameters found in the corresponding experiments. Expected ellipse and triangle shapes are revealed and analyzed. A detailed character of the numerical results allows for an in-depth discussion and analysis of the mechanisms and features which accompany the characteristic shapes and their alterations. As a result, a unique insight into the polygon flow structures is provided.

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11

Shieh, Ju-Sheng, Yu-Tang Chin, Hsien-Chung Chiu, Ya-Yu Hsieh, Hui-Rong Cheng, Hai Gu, and Fung-Wei Chang. "Bio-Pulsed Stimulation Effectively Improves the Production of Avian Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Enhance the Bioactivity of Skin Fibroblasts and Hair Follicle Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 15010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315010.

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Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (exosomes) possess regeneration, cell proliferation, wound healing, and anti-senescence capabilities. The functions of exosomes can be modified by preconditioning MSCs through treatment with bio-pulsed reagents (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb extract). However, the beneficial effects of bio-pulsed small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) on the skin or hair remain unknown. This study investigated the in vitro mechanistic basis through which bio-pulsed sEVs enhance the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells. Avian-derived MSCs (AMSCs) were isolated, characterized, and bio-pulsed to produce AMSC-sEVs, which were isolated, lyophilized, characterized, and analyzed. The effects of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs on cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression associated with skin and hair bioactivity were examined using human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). Bio-pulsed treatment significantly enhanced sEVs production by possibly upregulating RAB27A expression in AMSCs. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs contained more exosomal proteins and RNAs than the control. Bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs significantly augmented cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression in HSFs and HFDPCs. The present study investigated the role of bio-pulsed AMSC-sEVs in the bioactivity of the skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells as mediators to offer potential health benefits for skin and hair.

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12

Olivier, Gérard. "Evocation de l'image mentale d'un polygone par programmation de l'exploration visuelle de ses contours." L'année psychologique 95, no. 3 (1995): 401–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/psy.1995.28838.

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13

Li, Shao Po, Wen Hua Ding, and Li Feng Wang. "Experimental Research and Production of Heavy Gauge DNV 485FDU for Deep Water Trunkline Project." Materials Science Forum 850 (March 2016): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.850.937.

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In this paper, an overview of experimental research and production of 40.5mm DNV 485FDU heavy wall thickness pipeline steel for deep water trunkline project was introduced and analyzed systematically. Alloy design of the steel was introduced. Continuous cooling phase transformation behavior of the steel under deforming condition was investigated. The microstructure of the steel at different cooling rates was observed by the microscope. An optimized cooling process (OCP) after finish rolling was developed in Shouqin Steel Co., Ltd. (SQS). The optimized cooling process guaranteed the steady control of the final bainitic microstructure with optimum polygonal ferrite (PF) for heavy gauge DNV 485FDU plates. The plates produced by this process achieved good tensile strength and excellent lower temperature toughness. The pipes were produced via the JCOE pipe production process and had favorable forming properties and good weldability. Plate mechanical properties successfully met the required final pipe mechanical properties due to the ideal microstructure from the alloy/OCP design.

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14

Zhang, Bowen, Beiyue Ma, Qiang Zhu, Shiming Li, Yikun Chen, Jingkun Yu, and Guangqiang Li. "In-situ formation and densification of MgAl2O4-Y3Al5O12 and MgAl2O4-MgNb2O6 ceramics via a single-stage SRS process." Science of Sintering 49, no. 3 (2017): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1703285z.

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MgAl2O4 (MA)-Y3Al5O12 (YAG) and MA-MgNb2O6 (MN) ceramics with high density were successfully fabricated via a single-stage solid-state reaction sintering (SRS) process at 1580?C for 4 h. The effect of Y2O3 or Nb2O5 additions from 2.5 wt% to 7.5 wt% on the phase compositions, microstructures, shrinkage ratio, apparent porosity, bulk density and cold compressive strength of MA-YAG and MA-MN ceramics has been investigated. It was found that MgO and Y2O3 reacted with Al2O3 to form MA and YAG during sintering while Nb2O5 reacted with MgO to form MN. YAG and MA grains in the MA-YAG ceramics exist as granular shape, and their average grain size is about 1 ?m and 5 ?m, respectively. YAG grains distribute on the intergranular space of MA particles. Polygonal MA particles can be observed in the MA-MN ceramics, and MN grains distribute on the intergranular space of MA particles as well as on MA particles. Rod-like MN grains can be formed in the MA-MN ceramics by addition of 7.5 wt% Nb2O5. The diameter shrinkage ratio, volume shrinkage ratio, bulk density and cold compressive strength of MA-YAG and MA-MN ceramics are greatly improved by doping Y2O3 and Nb2O5, respectively.

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15

Fukuda, Tokuo. "On Two-Dimensional Fuzzy Random Data with Polygon-form Level Sets as Vague Perception of Crisp Random Phenomena." Proceedings of the ISCIE International Symposium on Stochastic Systems Theory and its Applications 2019 (July 31, 2019): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/sss.2019.177.

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16

Texier, Jean-Pierre. "Présence d’un réseau de grands polygones au sud de l’estuaire de la Gironde (France) : interprétation et implications paléoclimatiques." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 50, no. 1 (November 30, 2007): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/033079ar.

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Une photographie aérienne prise à basse altitude a permis de repérer un réseau de grands polygones au sud de l'estuaire de la Gironde (France). Ses caractéristiques morphométriques ansi que celles de son contexte topographique et sédimentaire permettent d'exclure une origine liée à des phénomènes de dessiccation, de dissolution différentielle, d'haloturbation ou de tension. Il résulte vraisemblablement de contractions thermiques et constitue un nouveau témoignage de la présence d'un pergélisol en Médoc et dans les environs de Bordeaux (45° latitude Nord). Lors de son développement, vraisemblablement contemporain du dernier Pléniglaciaire, les températures moyennes annuelles de l'atmosphère ne devaient pas dépasser dans cette région -8°C.

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17

Bataille, Adeline, Raphael Leschiera, Killian L’Hérondelle, Jean-Pierre Pennec, Nelig Le Goux, Olivier Mignen, Mehdi Sakka, et al. "In Vitro Differentiation of Human Skin-Derived Cells into Functional Sensory Neurons-Like." Cells 9, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9041000.

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Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) are neural crest stem cells that persist in certain adult tissues, particularly in the skin. They can generate a large type of cell in vitro, including neurons. SKPs were induced to differentiate into sensory neurons (SNs) by molecules that were previously shown to be important for the generation of SNs: purmorphamine, CHIR99021, BMP4, GDNF, BDNF, and NGF. We showed that the differentiation of SKPs induced the upregulation of neurogenins. At the end of the differentiation protocol, transcriptional analysis was performed on BRN3A and a marker of pain-sensing nerve cell PRDM12 genes: 1000 times higher for PRDM12 and 2500 times higher for BRN3A in differentiated cells than they were in undifferentiated SKPs. Using immunostaining, we showed that 65% and 80% of cells expressed peripheral neuron markers BRN3A and PERIPHERIN, respectively. Furthermore, differentiated cells expressed TRPV1, PAR2, TRPA1, substance P, CGRP, HR1. Using calcium imaging, we observed that a proportion of cells responded to histamine, SLIGKV (a specific agonist of PAR2), polygodial (a specific agonist of TRPA1), and capsaicin (a specific agonist of TRPV1). In conclusion, SKPs are able to differentiate directly into functional SNs. These differentiated cells will be very useful for further in vitro studies.

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18

Zhang, Mei, Peng Cheng Zhai, and Qing Jie Zhang. "Effective Thermal Conductivity of Functionally Graded Composite with Arbitrary Geometry of Particulate." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 1522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.1522.

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In this paper, a new micromechanical method, the Weighted Residual Self-consistent Scheme (WRSCS), is developed for the prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of particulate composites with arbitrary configurations. The method is based on the concept of the traditional Self-consistent Scheme (SCS). For some special configurations of inclusions, such as spherical or ellipsoidal, the effective conductivity of the composite can be solved without much difficulty using SCS. But for the composite with inclusion of arbitrary geometry, such as polygon or other irregular configurations, it is difficult to get an analytic solution. In the WRSCS, the arbitrary inclusion configuration is modeled by applying collocation points at interface. Based on SCS micromechanical model, the local fields inside the inclusion can be evaluated by using the solution of a single inclusion in an infinite matrix and inclusion interaction is taken into account through the yet unknown average equivalent medium. The solution for calculating the potential field inside the inclusion is obtained by means of Weighted Residual Method (WRM). Using the WRSCS, the effective thermal conductivities for composites with different inclusion’s geometry are calculated. For the case of spherical inclusion, the results from the WRSCS show good agreements with the one from traditional SCS [7, 8]. Examining results corresponding to different inclusion’s geometry, it shows that the effective thermal conductivity depends not only on the volume fractions and the properties of components, but also on the inclusion’s configuration.

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19

Fiqtinovri, Siti Masithah, Didi Adriansyah, and Risnafaty . "Karakteristik Struktur, Amilograf, dan Kecernaan Pati Alami Jelai (Coix lacryma-jobi L)." Jurnal Teknologi Hasil Pertanian 16, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jthp.v16i1.64010.

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<em>Jelai (Coix lacryma jobi L.) that is cultivated in Bulungan Regency has thin and soft skin, yellowish brown in color and slightly shiny surface. The high content of starch and other components in barley increases the potential of Jelai as a food that has functional properties. This study aims to examine the relationship between the structural characteristics, amylograph properties, and digestion of Jelai natural starch (PAJ) and compare it with commercial cassava starch (PS) and corn starch (PJ). The research is started with the isolation process of jelai starch and then structural observations were carried out by SEM test, amylograph properties through RVA test, and digestibility including rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS). PAJ has a low amylose content and a polygonal morphology with a clearly visible central pore / channel. The crystallinity of PAJ is slightly high with A-type crystalline, the same as PJ and PS. The starch structure in PAJ contributed to a slightly lower gelatinization temperature compared to PJ and the lowest setback viscosity compared to PJ and PS which indicated that PAJ was more resistant to retrogradation, as well as the highest RS levels and the lowest RDS compared to PJ and PS. </em>

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20

Dickinson, Ty A., Michael B. Richman, and Jason C. Furtado. "Subseasonal-to-Seasonal Extreme Precipitation Events in the Contiguous United States: Generation of a Database and Climatology." Journal of Climate 34, no. 18 (September 2021): 7571–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0580.1.

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AbstractExtreme precipitation across multiple time scales is a natural hazard that creates a significant risk to life, with a commensurately large cost through property loss. We devise a method to create 14-day extreme-event windows that characterize precipitation events in the contiguous United States (CONUS) for the years 1915–2018. Our algorithm imposes thresholds for both total precipitation and the duration of the precipitation to identify events with sufficient length to accentuate the synoptic and longer time scale contribution to the precipitation event. Kernel density estimation is employed to create extreme-event polygons that are formed into a database spanning from 1915 through 2018. Using the developed database, we clustered events into regions using a k-means algorithm. We define the “hybrid index,” a weighted composite of silhouette score and number of clustered events, to show that the optimal number of clusters is 15. We also show that 14-day extreme precipitation events are increasing in the CONUS, specifically in the Dakotas and much of New England. The algorithm presented in this work is designed to be sufficiently flexible to be extended to any desired number of days on the subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) time scale (e.g., 30 days). Additional databases generated using this framework are available for download from our GitHub. Consequently, these S2S databases can be analyzed in future works to determine the climatology of S2S extreme precipitation events and be used for predictability studies for identified events.

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Masoudi, Luluah M. Al, Najat A. Bukhari, and Mona Al Whibi. "Macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of Kickxia Dumort. and some related taxa in Saudi Arabia." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy 29, no. 1 (June 26, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v29i1.60445.

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The morphological and anatomical aspects of 13 species belonging to genera Kickxia, Scrophularia, and Plantago of Saudi Arabia reveal that the species of Kickxia and Scrophularia are distinct from Plantago major. The most notable morphological differences are the absence of adventitious roots and the presence of acaulescent stem in the species of Kickxia and Scrophularia and the existence of adventitious roots and the absence of acaulescent stem in P. major. The species of Plantago possessed rose-shaped radical leaves, whereas the rest of the species studied had cauline leaves or both. The species of Kickxia and Scrophularia have pentamerous flowers with bilabiate corollas, whereas, P. major has tetramerous flowers with tubular corollas. The separation of P. major from the rest of the studied species is the most obvious result obtained from the dendrogram, and this result is consistent with some traditional taxonomic studies that placed Kickxia in the Scrophulariaceae species while separating P. major into an independent family Plantaginaceae. The anatomical findings revealed that the upper and lower epidermal cells of the leaves were irregular with undulate walls in all analyzed species, except in P. major, where they were polygonal with straight walls. Only P. major had amphianisocytic paracytic stomata, but eight Kickxia species had anomocytic stomata and K. hastata and K. abhaica, and the two Scrophularia species had anisocytic stomata. Therefore, this study suggests the retention of the Kickxia in Scrophulariaceae s.l. and maintaining Plantago in Plantaginaceae s.s. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 29(1): 1-11, 2022 (June)

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Shen, Zhi Qing, Hong Liang Zheng, Tong Tong Li, Yan Xu, Rong Fu Xu, and Xue Lei Tian. "The Influence of the Residual Mg Content in the Ductile Cast Iron on the Formation Law of Spherodial Graphite." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.907.

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The residual Mg content ,spherodize ratio and nuclei of spherodial graphites(abbreviated SG) were studied by casting a series of similar composition ductile iron rods and white samples with different holding time of spheroidizing. The results indicate that the residual Mg content in the ductile iron was less and less as the holding time grows ,which causing the morphology of graphites transfer from spherodial to oval. Spherodize ratio change law is not continuous as increasing the residual Mg content which is divided at the 0.02%. The morphologies of nuclei of SGs core are typical examples of the highly magnified structure of spherical and irregular polygons; the diameters are about 0.5~2μm, consisting of (Mg, Ca)S along with CeO2and MgO. Disregistry δ between the nucleus compounds and graphite are low,which indicates that nucleus compounds are good nucleating site for SGs.The Mg element in nuclei of SG just act as nucleation substrates.it is the Mg which maybe simple substance in the metallic matrix that act as the role of spherodizer determines the graphite shape.

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Kim, Young J., Stephane Redon, Ming C. Lin, Dinesh Manocha, and Jim Templeman. "Interactive Continuous Collision Detection Using Swept Volume for Avatars." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 16, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.16.2.206.

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We present an interactive algorithm for continuous collision detection between a moving avatar and its surrounding virtual environment. Our algorithm is able to compute the first time of contact between the avatar and the environment interactively, and also guarantees within a user-provided error threshold that no collision ever happens before the first contact occurs. We model the avatar as an articulated body using line skeletons with constant offsets and the virtual environment as a collection of polygonized objects. Given the position and orientation of the avatar at discrete time steps, we use an arbitrary in-between motion to interpolate the path for each link between discrete instances. We bound the swept space of each link using interval arithmetic and dynamically compute a bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) to cull links that are not in close proximity to the objects in the virtual environment. The swept volumes (SVs) of the remaining links are used to check for possible interference and estimate the time of collision between the surface of the SV and the rest of the objects. Furthermore, we use graphics hardware to accelerate collision queries on the dynamically generated swept surfaces. Our approach requires no precomputation and is applicable to general articulated bodies that do not contain a loop. We have implemented the algorithm on a 2.8 GHz Pentium IV PC with an NVIDIA GeForce 6800 Ultra graphics card and applied it to an avatar with 16 links, moving in a virtual environment composed of hundreds of thousands of polygons. Our prototype system is able to detect all contacts between the moving avatar and the environment in 10–30 ms.

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24

Sarker, Satyajit D., Lutfun Nahar, Sitesh C. Bachar, and Mohammad A. Rashid. "Twenty Years, Twenty Publications and could have been More: Revisiting Research Collaboration with Professor Bidyut Kanti Datta." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v19i2.50623.

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Professor Bidyut Kanti Datta, a renowned professor of the Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, died at the age of 73 on Friday 11 September 2020 in Canada (Canadian time 7.10 am and BD time 5.10 pm), as a consequence of COVID-19 infection followed by pneumonia. This article is a brief review of his research work where the authors of this article are immensely proud to be associated with. Prof Datta published more than 60 research articles in reputed journals, and the lead author (SDS) of this article, one of his former students from the University of Dhaka, is a co-author of 20 of those publications. These 20 publications resulted from a long-standing research collaboration that spanned over two decades, especially research involving various Bangladeshi species of the genus Polygonum L. of the family, Polygonaceae, and they demonstrate the breadth and depth of research activities that Prof Datta was involved in, and his long-standing commitment to research that underpinned and enriched his teaching offerings to hundreds of students he taught in higher education sector in Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 19(2): 97-103, 2020 (December)

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Novović, Olivera, Sanja Brdar, Minučer Mesaroš, Vladimir Crnojević, and Apostolos N. Papadopoulos. "Uncovering the Relationship between Human Connectivity Dynamics and Land Use." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9030140.

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CDR (Call Detail Record) data are one type of mobile phone data collected by operators each time a user initiates/receives a phone call or sends/receives an sms. CDR data are a rich geo-referenced source of user behaviour information. In this work, we perform an analysis of CDR data for the city of Milan that originate from Telecom Italia Big Data Challenge. A set of graphs is generated from aggregated CDR data, where each node represents a centroid of an RBS (Radio Base Station) polygon, and each edge represents aggregated telecom traffic between two RBSs. To explore the community structure, we apply a modularity-based algorithm. Community structure between days is highly dynamic, with variations in number, size and spatial distribution. One general rule observed is that communities formed over the urban core of the city are small in size and prone to dynamic change in spatial distribution, while communities formed in the suburban areas are larger in size and more consistent with respect to their spatial distribution. To evaluate the dynamics of change in community structure between days, we introduced different graph based and spatial community properties which contain latent footprint of human dynamics. We created land use profiles for each RBS polygon based on the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service Urban Atlas data set to quantify the correlation and predictivennes of human dynamics properties based on land use. The results reveal a strong correlation between some properties and land use which motivated us to further explore this topic. The proposed methodology has been implemented in the programming language Scala inside the Apache Spark engine to support the most computationally intensive tasks and in Python using the rich portfolio of data analytics and machine learning libraries for the less demanding tasks.

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Id'fi, Gilang. "ANALISA MODEL HIDROGRAF BANJIR KALI NGOTOK DENGAN METODE SCS, SNYDER DAN NAKAYASU." BANGUNAN 25, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um071v25i22020p1-10.

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Abstrak:Permasalahan banjir seringkali melanda wilayah DAS Kali Ngotok setiap tahun. Masalah banjir pada umumnya disebabkan oleh perubahan tata guna lahan dan penurunan fungsi sungai yang ada di wilayah DAS Kali Ngotok serta sering terjadinya back water dari sungai-sungai yang bermuara di Kali Brantas pada saat mengalami debit maksimal. Untuk itu studi perbandingan debit puncak banjir perlu dilakukan karena belum adanya penelitian mengenai pengendalian banjir. Sehingga dilakukan penelitian mengenai analisis model hidrograf satuan sintetik. Metode hidrograf satuan sintetik yang digunakan adalah SCS, Snyder, dan Nakayasu. Data hujan yang digunakan adalah data hujan tahun 1998-2016 dari 14 stasiun hujan di wilayah DAS Kali Ngotok. Metode poligon Thiessen digunakan untuk mengetahui besaran hujan yang tersebar di wilayah DAS Kali Ngotok. Besaran hujan rata-rata yang turun di DAS Kali Ngotok dalam kurun waktu 1998-2016 sebesar 97.05 mm. Pada tahap pemodelan, pembagian sub catchment DAS dilakukan dengan membagi menjadi 5 sub DAS. Hasil pemodelan dengan metode SCS, Snyder, dan Nakayasu menunjukkan besaran debit untuk kala ulang 2 tahun, 5 tahun, 10 tahun, 20 tahun, 25 tahun, 50 tahun, 100 tahun, dan 200 tahun yang bervariasi. Data AWLR yang mendekati hasil pemodelan adalah data tahun 2014. Hasil kalibrasi hidrograf untuk metode SCS dengan kala ulang 25 tahun sebesar 0.88, untuk metode Snyder dengan kala ulang 25 tahun sebesar 0.74, dan untuk metode Nakayasu dengan kala ulang 25 tahun sebesar 0.43. Dengan demikian model hidrograf SCS dengan kala ulang 25 tahun mendekati dengan model hidrograf lapangan berdasarkan data AWLR yang ada serta sesuai dengan hasil pengamatan pada saat survey penduduk.Kata-kata kunci: DAS, Kali Ngotok, SCS, Snyder, NakayasuAbstract: Flood problems often hit the Ngotok River watershed every year. The problem of flooding is generally caused by changes in land use and a decrease in river functions in the Ngotok River watershed area as well as frequent back water from rivers which empties into Brantas River when experiencing maximum discharge. For that reason a comparative study of peak flood discharge needs to be done because there is no research on flood control. So that research is conducted on the analysis of synthetic unit hydrograph models. The synthetic unit hydrograph method used is SCS, Snyder, and Nakayasu. Rainfall data used is data from 1998-2016 from 14 rain stations in the Ngotok River watershed. The Thiessen polygon method is used to determine the amount of rain scattered in the Ngotok River watershed. The average rainfall in the Ngotok River watershed in the period 1998-2016 was 97.05 mm. In the modeling phase, the sub catchment division of the watershed is carried out by dividing it into 5 sub catchments. The modeling results using the SCS, Snyder, and Nakayasu methods show the amount of discharge for the return period of 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 20 years, 25 years, 50 years, 100 years, and 200 years which varies. AWLR data approaching the modeling results are 2014 data. The hydrograph calibration results for the SCS method with a 25 year return period are 0.88, for the Snyder method with a 25 year return period of 0.74, and for the Nakayasu method with a 25 year return period of 0.43. Thus the SCS hydrograph model with a 25 year return period approaches the field hydrograph model based on the AWLR data that exists and is in accordance with the observations during the population survey.Keywords: Watershed, Ngotok River, SCS, Snyder, Nakayasu

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Rizwan, Syeda Amna, Ahmad Jalal, Munkhjargal Gochoo, and Kibum Kim. "Robust Active Shape Model via Hierarchical Feature Extraction with SFS-Optimized Convolution Neural Network for Invariant Human Age Classification." Electronics 10, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10040465.

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The features and appearance of the human face are affected greatly by aging. A human face is an important aspect for human age identification from childhood through adulthood. Although many traits are used in human age estimation, this article discusses age classification using salient texture and facial landmark feature vectors. We propose a novel human age classification (HAC) model that can localize landmark points of the face. A robust multi-perspective view-based Active Shape Model (ASM) is generated and age classification is achieved using Convolution Neural Network (CNN). The HAC model is subdivided into the following steps: (1) at first, a face is detected using aYCbCr color segmentation model; (2) landmark localization is done on the face using a connected components approach and a ridge contour method; (3) an Active Shape Model (ASM) is generated on the face using three-sided polygon meshes and perpendicular bisection of a triangle; (4) feature extraction is achieved using anthropometric model, carnio-facial development, interior angle formulation, wrinkle detection and heat maps; (5) Sequential Forward Selection (SFS) is used to select the most ideal set of features; and (6) finally, the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) model is used to classify according to age in the correct age group. The proposed system outperforms existing statistical state-of-the-art HAC methods in terms of classification accuracy, achieving 91.58% with The Images of Groups dataset, 92.62% with the OUI Adience dataset and 94.59% with the FG-NET dataset. The system is applicable to many research areas including access control, surveillance monitoring, human–machine interaction and self-identification.

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Safonov, M. A., and T. I. Safonova. "Urban lands for agricultural use: soft management of the ecology state." SHS Web of Conferences 128 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112803004.

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Agricultural lands occupy a special place in the structure of urban lands. There are horticultural and gardening associations on these lands. The “belts” of horticultural associations surround large cities and small settlements; dachas and vegetable gardens play the role of individual subsidiary farms and recreation areas. In Russia, the area of such lands is about 1.5 million hectares; in the Orenburg region - 18.7 thousand hectares. Studies show that horticultural ecosystems differ significantly from the adjacent urban and agricultural ecosystems in terms of the characteristics of soil and plant cover. The reason for this is private investment in the development of these territories, which needs to be managed. For the consistent development of these socio-ecological systems (SES), it is necessary to implement a soft management system. The purpose of creating and supporting of socio-ecological systems in the agricultural use zone and suburbs is the formation of a sustainable complex of natural and social conditions for gardening and recreation of residents; optimization of the belt of lands separating the city from agricultural land to reduce the impact of adverse environmental factors on urban ecosystems (wind restriction, fire safety, pests, etc.); use of these lands as carbon polygons for capturing and retaining of carbon dioxide.

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Koroleva, N. E., E. I. Kopeina, A. B. Novakovskiy, and A. D. Danilova. "The syntaxonomy of the grasslands and meadows in mountain tundra of Murmansk Region." Vegetation of Russia, no. 37 (2019): 79–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2019.37.79.

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Grasslandsandmeadowsoccur on seasonally moist and fresh soils, nearsnowfields, temporaryand permanent streams, springs and brooks, in the low and middle mountain ranges in Murmansk Region (Fig. 1). They occupy relatively small areas, but support high diversity of species and represent “lieblichsten Erscheinungen“, as R. Nordhagen (1928: 353) wrote. Syntaxonomy of this vegetation is still not clear and far from unambiguous explanation. From literature, these communities in Fennoscandiаn mountain tundra are related to several classes: Juncetea trifidi, Saliceteaherbaceae, Thlaspietea rotundifolii and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, which differ greatly both to habitats and vegetation. In Russian phytocoenology, some researchers include tundra grasslands with dominance of Nardus stricta and Avenella flexuosa in general typology (Ramenskaya, 1958), along with floodplain and dry grasslands and meadows, but other consider such vegetation in mountain tundra as independent type, related to grasslands and meadows in alpine belt (Gorodkov, 1938; Aleksandrova, 1977). Classification of mountain tundra grasslands and meadows in Murmansk Region based on 103 field descriptions and published relevés, with Braun-Blanquet approach applied. Prodromus of syntaxa is provided. Six vegetation associations were related to 4 alliances and 2 classes, three associations were described as new (Table 1). Ass. Carici bigelowii–Nardetum strictae (Zlatník 1928) Jeník 1961 (Table 2), withdiagnostic species Diphasiastrum alpinum and Nardus stricta, includes early snow-bed, poor of species vegetation with dominance of matgrass N. stricta. Аss. Anthoxantho alpini–Deschampsietum flexuosae Nordh. 1943 (Table 3; Fig. 2), with diagnostic species Anthoxanthum alpinum, Avenella flexuosa, includes early snow-bed grasslands, with dominance of Carex bigelowii, Avenella flexuosa, Anthoxanthum alpinum, and presence of diagnostic species of alliance Phyllodoco–Vaccinion myrtilli (Phyllodoce caerulea, Vaccinium myrtillus). Ass. Salici herbaceae–Caricetum bigelowii Koroleva et Kopeina ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 4, holotypus — relevé 8 (84/93)), with diagnostic species Alchemilla alpina, Cardaminebellidifolia, Carex bigelowii (dominant), Diplophyllum taxifolium, Lophozia wenzelii, represents rich of species early snow-bed, with dwarf-shrub- and-grass and moss layers. Ass. Hieracio alpini–Caricetum bigelowii Koroleva et Kopeina ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 5, holotypus — relevé 10 (46/01)), with diagnostic species Antennaria dioica, Carex bigelowii (dominant), Hieracium alpinum,includes communities rich of grasses and herbs on south-exposed gentle slopes, near springs and brooks. Аss. Potentillo crantzii–Polygonetum vivipari Nordh. 1928 (Nordhagen, 1928: 356–357: «Potentilla crantzii–Polygonum viviparum Ass.»; Kalliola, 1939: 132–135: «Polygonum viviparum–Thalictrum alpinum-Soz.». Table 6, lectotypus hoc loco — relevé 16), diagnostic species Carex atrata, Cerastium alpinum, Erigeron uniflorus, Festuca vivipara, Polytrichastrum alpinum, Potentilla crantzii, Rhodiola rosea, Saussurea alpina, Thalictrum alpinum, Viola biflora.The association is the holotype of the alliance Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari Nordh. 1937 and includes rich of species low-herb meadows in mountain tundra. Association includes three variants: Oxyria digyna (Table 6, № 1–10; Nordhagen, 1928: 356–357, Table, Bestanden I, II), typica (Table 6, № 11–20; Nordhagen, 1928: 356–357, Table, Bestanden III, IV) and Agrostis borealis (Table 6, № 21–29; Kalliola, 1939: 132–135, Table 19, № 3–11). Ass. Salici reticulatae–Trollietum europaei Koroleva et Kopeina ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 7, holotypus — relevé 10 ( m1/16); Fig. 3) with diagnostic species Geranium sylvaticum, Juncus trifidus, Nardus stricta, Salix reticulata,represents species-rich meadows near springs and on gentle slopes, sometimes with patches of low willows and dwarf birch. The association is transitional to the tall-herb shrubs and forests of alliance Mulgedion alpini, class Mulgedio-Aconitetea. To arrange the syntaxa described in Murmansk Region in higher units correctly, we used the first descriptions of following alliances in Fennoscandia: alliance Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari, incl. Potentilla crantzii–Polygonum viviparum Ass. (Nordhagen, 1928: 356–357, Table, Bestanden I–IV) and Polygonum vivparum–Thalictrum alpinum-Soz. (Kalliola, 1939: 132–133, Table 19, № 3–11); alliance Ranunculo–Poion alpinae, incl. Trollius europaeus-soc. (Gjaerevoll, 1950: 420–421, Table XIII, № 1–10); alliance Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion, incl. ass. Deschampsietum flexuosae and ass. Caricetum bigelowii (ibid.: 393–394, Table I, Stands I–V; 396–397, Table II, Stands I, II); alliance Saxifrago stellaris–Oxyrion digynae, incl. ass. Oxyrietum digynae (ibid.: 406–407, Table VI, Stands I–III); alliance Kobresio-Dryadion, incl. Carex rupestris–Encalypta rhabdocarpa sos. (Nordhagen, 1943: 576–577, Table 99, Serie I–III) and аss. Dryadetum octopetalae (Nordhagen, 1955: 76–81, Table III, no. 17–33), as well as descriptions of ass. Polygono vivpari–Thalictretum alpini (Kalliola 1939) Koroleva 2006 from the Barents Sea shore. In total 113 relevés were analyzed with use of Program ExStatR (Novakovskiy, 2016) based on the Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS), and hierarchical clustering with grouping by arithmetic means UPGMA. In both methods, the Sjørensen-Chekanovsky coefficient was used as a measure of similarity/distance. All relevés represent rather distinctive groups in ordination space (Fig. 4), with few transitional ones. Two well-expressed gradients explain the variation in grasslands and meadows: (1) snow-depth and calcium-availability and (2) height above the sea level, together with steepness of the slope and coarseness of substrata. On the one end of the axis 2 there are communities of the ass. Carici bigelowii–Nardetum strictae (Table 2; Fig. 4, group 3) with diagnostic species Nardus stricta and Diphasiastrum alpinum. They represent closed and species-poor (39 species in syntaxon, 11 species per relevé in average) mono-dominant vegetation in snow-bed depressions, which are water-inundated in the beginning of the growing season, but dry up quickly. Rather compact group of communities of Kobresio-Dryadion (Fig. 4, groups 14 and 15), described by Nordhagen in Ca-rich habitats in Scandinavian mountains, with constant species Dryas octopetala, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Carexrupestris, Alectoria nigricans, A. ochroleuca, Flavocetraria cucullata and F. nivalis occupies an opposite end. Second gradient (axis 1) starts with meadows associated with the moderate snow and moisture conditions in zonal tundra in Murmansk Region (Fig. 4, group 4: Polygono vivpari–Thalictretum alpini; Koroleva, 2006). It finishes with relevés of Gjaerevoll’s (1950) ass. Oxyrietumdigynae (all. Saxifrago stellaris–Oxyrion digynae), which occurs on stony and moist substrata on steep slopes of high Scandinavian ranges (Fig. 4, group 13). Among constant species there are mosses and liverworts Andreaea rupestris, Anthelia juratzkana, Hymenoloma crispulum,hygro-, and mesophytic herbs Epilobium anagallidifolium and Saxifraga stellaris. In close position on the ordination diagram are early snow-beds in Murmansk Region, ass. Salici herbaceae–Caricetum bigelowii, with diagnostic species Alchemilla alpina, Carex bigelowii, Cardaminebellidifolia, Diplophyllum taxifolium, Lophozia wenzelii (Table 4; Fig. 4, group 1). Ass. Anthoxantho alpini–Deschampsietum flexuosae with diagnostic species Anthoxanthum alpinum, Avenella flexuosa (Table 3; Fig. 4, group 2) comprises vegetation in transitional habitats from late snow-beds to moss-blueberry tundra and has large portion of dwarf shrubs of Phyllodoco–Vaccinion myrtilli. On the ordination diagram, these communities differ from Gjaerevoll’s (1950) relevés of Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion (Fig. 4, group 12); they are ecologically similar with snow-bed communities. Central parts of the both gradients are occupied by the meadows of following associations: Hieracio alpini–Caricetum bigelowii (Table 5; Fig. 4, group 8), Potentillo crantzii–Polygonetum vivipari (Fig. 4, group 6) and Salici reticulatae–Trollietum europaei (Table 7; Fig. 4, group 7). All of them belong to alliance Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari (diagnostic species: Anthoxanthum alpinum, Bartsia alpina, Bistorta vivipara, Distichium capillaceum, Luzula spicata, Poa alpina, Potentilla crantzii, Ranunculus acris, Salix reticulata, Sanionia uncinata, Saussurea alpina, Selaginella selaginoides, Silene acaulis, Taraxacum croceum, Trollius europaeus, Veronica alpina, Viola biflora). They represent the richest tundra meadows (to 134 species in association and 41 species in community), with dominance of mesophytic herbs, high number of dwarf-shrubs, presence of mosses and liverworts. The alliance is well presented on the cluster dendrogram (Fig. 5). The first reference to alliance Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari was published by Nordhagen (1937: 37–43) and contained synoptical table and direct reference to Potentilla crantzii–Polygonum viviparum Ass. (Nordhagen, 1928: 356–357) as the most characteristic type of the alliance. So the alliance could be considered effectively and validly published (ICPN: Art. 1, 2b). Since Potentilla crantzii–Polygonum viviparum Ass. represents the only element published with the valid name with direct reference in the original diagnosis of the alliance, it must therefore be accepted as the holotype (ICPN: Art. 18a), and the name should be corrected to Potentillo crantzii–Polygonetum vivipari Nordh. 1928 (ICPN: Art. 41b). Later on, R. Kalliola (1939) and N. Koroleva (2006) also published one syntaxon in this alliance: publication of holotype by Koroleva (2006) is superfluous, because original diagnoses of Nordhagen (1937) is accompanied by clear reference to type association in the paper by Nordhagen (1928) (ICPN: Art. 21). The original diagnosis of Gjaerevoll’s (1950) alliance Ranunculo–Poion alpinae, ass. Ranunculo acris–Poetum alpinae Daniёls 2016 (based on Trollius europaeus-soc., Gjaerevoll, 1950: 420–421, Table XIII) (Fig. 4, groups 9, 10) coincides with the original diagnosis of Nordhagen’s alliance (Table 1), so Nordhagen’s name would have the priority over the Ranunculo–Poion alpinae which is a syntaxonomic synonym (ICPN: Art. 29с). T. Ohba (1974) considered Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari as synonym of Kobresio-Dryadion (Fig. 4, groups 14 and 15). Both alliances share some of the species pool, and ecologically and floristically are separated from each other (Fig. 4 and 5; Table 1). Kobresio-Dryadion comprises mainly xero-, mesophytic dwarf shrubs- and sedges-dominated communities on calcium-rich substrata. Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari includes species-rich tundra meadows with prevalence of mesophytic herbs. Alliances are clearly distinguished from each other in species composition, in habitats and in geographic distribution: Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari is likely restricted to Fennoscandia, whilst Kobresio-Dryadion has Eurasian distribution (Koroleva, 2015). Original diagnoses and nomenclatural types of alliances are different, so they cannot be considered as synonyms. Alliance Potentillo–Polygonion vivipari is not yet disposed in some higher units — order and class.

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30

Goswami, Pranjiv, Ajit Hazarika, and Hirendra N. Sarma. "Root Extract of Polygonum Hydropiper Alters the Expression of Rat Uterine Protein Profile in Presence and Absence of Ovary in-situ during Periimplantation Period: An Evidence on SDS-PAGE." Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 20, no. 4 (December 2009): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1001-7844(10)60005-3.

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31

Krnáčová, Zdena, Pavol Kenderessy, Juraj Hreško, Daniel Kubínsky, and Marta Dobrovodská. "Assessment of Landscape Retention Water Capacity and Hydrological Balance in Traditional Agricultural Landscape (Model Area Liptovská Teplička Settlements, Slovakia)." Water 12, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 3591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123591.

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The hydration potential of a landscape is an increasingly important attribute in a time of advancing climate change, making its assessment also a matter of some urgency. This study used the landscape ecological approach involving the hydrological balance, in which the soil water retention capacity (SWRC) and landscape water retention capacity (LWRC) are evaluated. To support our assessment of the water retention capacity in the landscape (LWRC), we used a synthetic interconnection of analytical vector layers of selected physical parameters of soil subtypes and secondary landscape structure (SLS) to create homogeneous polygons in the GIS Arc/Map10 computing environment. Selected abiotic and biotic attributes were assigned coefficients using a simple algorithm according to the authors, which were projected into landscape ecological complexes (LEC) in the GIS computer program in the Arc/Map10 program. We used hydrological balance calculations to specify the volumes of water retained in the landscape. The aim is to spatially estimate the retention capacity of the landscape, taking into account the current land use, including historical anti-erosion measures to reduce unwanted water runoff and soil erosion. Using zonal statistics, we achieved the following results. The part of the model area with very low or low LWCR represents 39.91% of the agricultural land used. We recorded a high LWCR on 17.69% of the area, with a predominance of meadows and cultizol cambis and cultizol fluvials. The calculation of the hydrological balance, which represents only 22.9% of atmospheric precipitation, also made a significant contribution to our knowledge of the LWRC.

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Tilemans, D., V. V. Vijver, G. Verhoeven, and C. Denef. "Production of transferrin-like immunoreactivity by rat anterior pituitary and intermediate lobe." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 43, no. 7 (July 1995): 657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/43.7.7608520.

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Using a specific anti-rat transferrin (Tf) antiserum, Tf-like immunoreactivity (Tf-lir) was detected by immunostaining in intact rat pituitaries and in reaggregated pituitary cells cultured in serum-free medium. Tf-lir cells were present in the anterior pituitary (AP), and in the intermediate (IL) and neural lobes (NL). In the AP, Tf-lir cells were oval or polygonal. An unusual topographical distribution was found. Tf-lir cells mainly occurred as dense clusters in the lateral wings. In the central part of the AP, Tf-lir was found in flattened perisinusoidal cells. Double immunostaining for Tf and the different pituitary hormones showed that Tf-lir co-localized with some gonadotrophs and somatotrophs (7% and 3% of Tf-lir cells, respectively, in typical sections). No co-localization was seen with PRL, ACTH, TSH, or alpha-MSH. The distribution of Tf-lir cells and their cell shape completely differed from that of S-100-positive cells in the AP. In the IL, clusters of large stellate Tf-lir cells were found. Again, their distribution completely differed from S-100-positive cells. In the NL, diffuse staining was found. Double immunostaining of paraffin-embedded sections of reaggregate cell cultures of the AP did not reveal any co-localization of Tf-lir with ACTH, alpha-MSH, LH, FSH, TSH, GH, or PRL. In aggregates consisting of NL + IL cells, Tf-lir was located in clusters: no co-localization with ACTH or alpha-MSH could be demonstrated. Reaggregate cell cultures of AP and NL + IL secreted Tf-lir as measured by radioimmunoassay, at least during 21 days of culture. After metabolic labeling with [35S]-methionine and immunoprecipitation of [35S]-methionine-labeled material present in the culture medium of both AP and NL + IL aggregates with anti-Tf antiserum, a 35S-labeled substance was found, which on SDS-PAGE showed an apparent M(r) of approximately 78 KD, corresponding to the M(r) of rat Tf. The present data show that a specific population of cells of rat anterior pituitary is capable of synthesizing, storing, and secreting transferrin or a substance closely related to it. Cells different from melanotrophs and S-100 cells in the IL, as well as pituicytes in the NL, also appear to produce this material. We suggest that transferrin or a transferrin-like substance may have a local role in the transport of iron or other metals or may play a role as growth factor in the three lobes of the pituitary gland.

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33

K K A, Abdullah, Robert A B C, and Adeyemo A B. "August 2016 VOLUME 5, ISSUE 8, AUGUST 2016 5th Generation Wi-Fi Shatha Ghazal, Raina S Alkhlailah Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5801 ECG Arrhythmia Detection Using Choi-Williams Time-Frequency Distribution and Artificial Neural Network Sanjit K. Dash, G. Sasibhushana Rao Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5802 Data Security using RSA Algorithm in Cloud Computing Santosh Kumar Singh, Dr. P.K. Manjhi, Dr. R.K. Tiwari Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5803 Detection Algorithms in Medical Imaging Priyanka Pareek, Pankaj Dalal Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5804 A Review Study on the CPU Scheduling Algorithms Shweta Jain, Dr. Saurabh Jain Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5805 Healthcare Biosensors - A Paradigm Shift To Wireless Technology Taha Mukhtar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5806 Congestion Control for Peer to Peer Application using Random Early Detection Algorithm Sonam Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5807 Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Milk Parameters using Arduino Controller Y.R. Bhamare, M.B. Matsagar, C.G. Dighavkar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5808 Ardunio Based Security and Safety using GSM as Fault Alert System for BTS (Base Transceiver Station) Umeshwari Khot, Prof. Venkat N. Ghodke Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5809 Automatic Single and Multi Topic Summarization and Evolution to Generate Timeline Mrs. V. Meenakshi, Ms. S. Jeyanthi Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5810 Data Hiding in Encrypted HEVC/AVC Video Streams Saltanat Shaikh, Prof. Shahzia Sayyad Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5811 A Study of Imbalanced Classification Problem P. Rajeshwari, D. Maheshwari Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5812 Design of PTL based Area Efficient and Low Power 4-bit ALU Saraabu Narendra Achari, Mr. C. Pakkiraiah Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5813 The Design of Driver Safety Awareness and Assistance System through Sleep Activated and Auto Brake System for Vehicle Control D. Sivabalaselvamani, Dr. A. Tamilarasi, L. Rahunathan and A.S. Harishankher Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5814 Parameters Selection, Applications & Convergence Analysis of PSO Algorithms Sachin Kumar, Mr. N.K. Gupta Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5815 Effective Pattern Deploying Model for the Document Restructuring and Classification Niketa, Jharna Chopra Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5816 Cataloging Telugu Sentences by Hidden Morkov Techniques V. Suresh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5817 Biometrics for Cell Phone Safety Jyoti Tiwari, Santosh Kumar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5818 Digital Image Watermarking using Modified DWT&DCT Combination and Bi Linear Interpolation Yannam .Nagarjuna, K. Chaitanya Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5819 Comparative Study and Analysis on the Techniques of Web Mining Dipika Sahu, Yamini Chouhan Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5820 A Review of MIL-STD-1553 Bus Trends and Future K. Padmanabham, Prabhakar Kanugo, Dr. K. Nagabhushan Raju, M. Chandrashekar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5821 Design of QPSK Digital Modulation Scheme Using Turbo Codes for an Air Borne System D. Sai Brunda, B. Geetha Rani Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5822 An Efficient Locally Weighted Spectral Cluster for Automatic Image Segmentation Vishnu Priya M, J Santhosh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5823 An Efficient Sliding Window Based Micro Cluster Over Data Streams Nancy Mary, A. Venugopal Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5824 Comparative Analysis of Traditional Frequency Reuse Techniques in LTE Network Neelam Rani, Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5825 Score Level Integration of Fingerprint and Hand Geometry Biometrics Jyoti Tiwari, Santosh Kumar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5826 CHARM: Intelligently Cost and Bandwidth Detection for FTP Servers using Heuristic Algorithm Shiva Urolagin Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5827 Image Enhancement Using Modified Exposure Based Histogram SK. Nasreen, N. Anupama Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5828 Human Gesture Based Recognition and Classification Using MATLAB Suman, Er. Kapil Sirohi Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5829 Image Denoising- A Novel Approach Dipali D. Sathe, Prof. K.N. Barbole Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5830 Design of Low Pass Digital FIR Filter Using Nature Inspired Technique Nisha Rani, Balraj Singh, Darshan Singh Sidhu Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5831 Issues and Challenges in Software Quality Assurance Himangi, Surender singh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5832 Hybridization of GSA and AFSA to Detect Black Hole Attack in Wireless Sensor Network Soni Rani, Charanjit Singh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5833 Reversible Watermarking Technique for Data Hiding, Accurate Tamper Detection in ROI and Exact Recovery of ROI Y. Usha Madhuri, K. Chaitanya Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5834 Fault Tolerance and Concurrency Control in Heterogeneous Distributed Database Systems Sagar Patel, Meghna Burli, Nidhi Shah, Prof. (Mrs.) Vinaya Sawant Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5835 Collection of Offline Tamil Handwriting Samples and Database Creation D. Rajalakshmi, Dr. S.K. Jayanthi Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5836 Overview of Renewable Energy in Maharashtra Mr. Sagar P. Thombare, Mr. Vishal Gunjal, Miss. Snehal Bhandarkar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5837 Comparative Analysis of Efficient Image Steganographic Technique with the 2-bit LSB Algorithm for Color Images K. S. Sadasiva Rao, Dr A. Damodaram Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5838 An Efficient Reverse Converter Design for Five Moduli Set RNS Y. Ayyavaru Reddy, B. Sekhar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5839 VLSI Design of Area Efficient High Performance SPMV Accelerator using VBW-CBQCSR Scheme N. Narasimharao, A. Mallaiah Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5840 Customer Retention of MCDR using 3SCDM Approaches Suban Ravichandran, Chandrasekaran Ramasamy Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5841 User Privacy and Data Trustworthiness in Mobile Crowd Sensing Ms. T. Sharadha, Dr. R. Vijaya Bhanu Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5842 A Safe Anti-Conspiracy Data Model For Changing Groups in Cloud G. Ajay Kumar, Devaraj Verma C Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5843 Scope and Adoption of M-Commerce in India Anurag Mishra, Sanjay Medhavi, Khan Shah Mohd, P.C. Mishra Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5844 A Secure Data Hiding Scheme For Color Image Mrs. S.A. Bhavani Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5845 A Study of Different Content Based Image Retrieval Techniques C. Gururaj, D. Jayadevappa, Satish Tunga Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5846 Cache Management for Big Data Applications: Survey Kiran Grover, Surender Singh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5847 Survey on Energy Efficient Protocols and Challenges in IOT Syeda Butool Fatima, Sayyada Fahmeeda Sultana, Sadiya Ansari Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5848 Educational Data Mining For Evaluating Students Performance Sampreethi P.K, VR. Nagarajan Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5849 Iterative Pareto Principle for Software Test Case Prioritization Manas Kumar Yogi, G. Vijay Kumar, D. Uma Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5850 Localization Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review Abhishek Kumar, Deepak Prashar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5851 Ensemble Averaging Filter for Noise Reduction Tom Thomas Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5852 Survey Paper on Get My Route Application Shubham A. Purohit, Tushar R. Khandare, Prof. Swapnil V. Deshmukh Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5853 Design and Implementation of Smart Car with Self-Navigation and Self-Parking Systems using Sensors and RFID Technology Madhuri M. Bijamwar, Prof. S.G. Kole, Prof. S.S. Savkare Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5854 Comparison Study of Induction Motor Drives using Microcontroller and FPGA Sooraj M S, Sreerag K T V Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5855 A Survey on Text Categorization Senthil Kumar B, Bhavitha Varma E Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5856 Multirate Signal Reconstruction Using Two Channel Orthogonal Filter Bank Sijo Thomas, Darsana P Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5857 The Multi-keyword Synonym Search for Encrypted Cloud Data Using Clustering Method Monika Rani H G, Varshini Vidyadhar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5858 A Review on Various Speech Enhancement Techniques Alugonda Rajani, Soundarya .S.V.S Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5859 A Survey on Various Spoofing Attacks and Image Fusion Techniques Pravallika .P, Dr. K. Satya Prasad Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5860 Non-Invasive Vein Detection using Infra-red Rays Aradhana Singh, Dr. S.C. Prasanna Kumar, Dr. B.G. Sudershan Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5861 Boundary-Polygons for Minutiae based Fingerprinst Recognition Kusha Maharshi, Prashant Sahai Saxena Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5862 Image Forgery Detection on Digital Images Nimi Susan Saji, Ranjitha Rajan Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5863 Enhancing Information Security in Big Data Renu Kesharwani Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5864 Secure Multi-Owner Data Sharing for Dynamic Groups in Cloud Ms. Nilophar M. Masuldar, Prof. V. P. Kshirsagar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5865 Compact Microstrip Octagonal Slot Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications Thasneem .H, Midhun Joy Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5866 ‘Aquarius’- Smart IOT Technology for Water Level Monitoring System Prof. A. M. Jagtap, Bhaldar Saniya Sikandar, Shinde Sharmila Shivaji, Khalate Vrushali Pramod, Nirmal Kalyani Sarangdhar Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5867 Future of Results in Select Search Engine Peerzada Mohammad Iqbal, Dr. Abdul Majid Baba, Aasim Bashir Abstract | PDF with Text | DOI: 10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.5868 Semantic Indexing Techniques on Information Retrieval of Web Content." IJARCCE 5, no. 8 (August 30, 2016): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2016.5869.

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34

Pilaud, Vincent, and Francisco Santos. "The brick polytope of a sorting network." Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science DMTCS Proceedings vol. AO,..., Proceedings (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/dmtcs.2952.

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International audience The associahedron is a polytope whose graph is the graph of flips on triangulations of a convex polygon. Pseudotriangulations and multitriangulations generalize triangulations in two different ways, which have been unified by Pilaud and Pocchiola in their study of pseudoline arrangements with contacts supported by a given network. In this paper, we construct the "brick polytope'' of a network, obtained as the convex hull of the "brick vectors'' associated to each pseudoline arrangement supported by the network. We characterize its vertices, describe its faces, and decompose it as a Minkowski sum of simpler polytopes. Our brick polytopes include Hohlweg and Lange's many realizations of the associahedron, which arise as brick polytopes of certain well-chosen networks. L'associaèdre est un polytope dont le graphe est le graphe des flips sur les triangulations d'un polygone convexe. Les pseudotriangulations et les multitriangulations généralisent les triangulations dans deux directions différentes, qui ont été unifiées par Pilaud et Pocchiola au travers de leur étude des arrangements de pseudodroites avec contacts couvrant un support donné. Nous construisons ici le "polytope de briques'' d'un support, obtenu comme l'enveloppe convexe des "vecteurs de briques'' associés à chaque arrangement de pseudodroites couvrant ce support. Nous caractérisons les sommets de ce polytope, décrivons ses faces et le décomposons en somme de Minkowski de polytopes élémentaires. Notre construction contient toutes les réalisations de l'associaèdre d'Hohlweg et Lange, qui apparaissent comme polytopes de briques de certains supports bien choisis.

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Lin, Haonan, Hyeon Jeong Lee, Nathan Tague, Jean-Baptiste Lugagne, Cheng Zong, Fengyuan Deng, Jonghyeon Shin, et al. "Microsecond fingerprint stimulated Raman spectroscopic imaging by ultrafast tuning and spatial-spectral learning." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (May 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23202-z.

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AbstractLabel-free vibrational imaging by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) provides unprecedented insight into real-time chemical distributions. Specifically, SRS in the fingerprint region (400–1800 cm−1) can resolve multiple chemicals in a complex bio-environment. However, due to the intrinsic weak Raman cross-sections and the lack of ultrafast spectral acquisition schemes with high spectral fidelity, SRS in the fingerprint region is not viable for studying living cells or large-scale tissue samples. Here, we report a fingerprint spectroscopic SRS platform that acquires a distortion-free SRS spectrum at 10 cm−1 spectral resolution within 20 µs using a polygon scanner. Meanwhile, we significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio by employing a spatial-spectral residual learning network, reaching a level comparable to that with 100 times integration. Collectively, our system enables high-speed vibrational spectroscopic imaging of multiple biomolecules in samples ranging from a single live microbe to a tissue slice.

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36

SI, JinPing, and YuXian ZHU. "Polygonati rhizoma—a new high-quality crop with great potential and not occupying farmland." SCIENTIA SINICA Vitae, March 1, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/ssv-2020-0413.

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37

Khuayjarernpanishk, Thanut, Sontaya Sookying, Acharaporn Duangjai, Surasak Saokaew, Asawadech Sanbua, Orapa Bunteong, Nutnicha Rungruangsri, et al. "Anticancer Activities of Polygonum odoratum Lour.: A Systematic Review." Frontiers in Pharmacology 13 (April 27, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.875016.

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Cancers are a potential cause of death worldwide and represent a massive burden for healthcare systems. Treating cancers requires substantial resources, including skilled personnel, medications, instruments, and funds. Thus, developing cancer prevention and treatment measures is necessary for healthcare personnel and patients alike. P. odoratum (Polygonaceae family) is a plant used as a culinary ingredient. It exhibits several pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Several classes of phytochemical constituents of P. odoratum have been reported. The important ones might be polyphenol and flavonoid derivatives. In this systematic review, the activities of P. odoratum against cancerous cells were determined and summarized. Data were obtained through a systematic search of electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Thai Thesis Database, Science Direct and Clinical Key). Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. The cancerous cell lines used in the studies were lymphoma, leukemia, oral, lung, breast, colon, and liver cancer cells. Based on this review, P. odoratum extracts significantly affected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-carrying human lymphoblastoid (Raji), mouse lymphocytic leukemia (P388), human acute lymphocytic leukemia (Jurkat), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human T lymphoblast (MOLT-4), human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SAS, SCC-9, HSC-3) through induction of cell apoptosis, arrest of the cell cycle, inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and colonization. The molecular mechanism of P. odoratum against cancers was reported to involve suppressing essential proteins required for cell proliferation, colonization, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. They were survivin, cyclin-D, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). The extract of P. odoratum was also involved in the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway by inhibiting the expression of Akt, phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, and phosphorylated mTOR. From the key results of this review, P. odoratum is a promising chemotherapy and chemopreventive agent. Further investigation of its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action should be conducted using standardized extracts. In vivo experiments and clinical trials are required to confirm the anticancer activity.

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Aruna, M., and R. Parimalavalli. "Effect of Dual Modification on the Properties of Native Pearl Millet Starch." Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research, Of (June 1, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2089.

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Background: A combination of heat-moisture treatment and citric acid was used to modify pearl millet starch in this study. Changes in structural, thermal and in vitro digestibility of the treated starches were investigated. Methods: Native starch was isolated using alkaline steeping method. Native starch was dual modified (Heat moisture treatment and citric acid) used for further analysis. To examine the granular morphology of dual modified starch using SEM, DSC, RC and in vitro starch digestibility assay was assessed to quantify the proportion of digestive starch fractions, including rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). Result: Granules of the native starches of pearl millet varied from polygonal to circular or oval in shape. Indentations were observed on the surfaces of dual modified starch. Relative crystallinity was less than native starch. Profound increased gelatinization temperature was witnessed, meanwhile enthalpy of gelatinization was decreased. In the dual modified pearl millet starches, the percentage of RDS contents was significantly decreased. The resistant starch (RS) content of the treated starches, however, significantly increased from 11.48% in native starches to 19.40% in HMT starches and 28.3% in dual modified starches.

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39

Bergougnoux, Benjamin, Charis Papadopoulos, and Jan Arne Telle. "Node Multiway Cut and Subset Feedback Vertex Set on Graphs of Bounded Mim-Width." Algorithmica, January 30, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00453-022-00936-w.

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AbstractThe two weighted graph problems Node Multiway Cut (NMC) and Subset Feedback Vertex Set (SFVS) both ask for a vertex set of minimum total weight, that for NMC disconnects a given set of terminals, and for SFVS intersects all cycles containing a vertex of a given set. We design a meta-algorithm that allows to solve both problems in time $$2^{O(rw^3)}\cdot n^{4}$$ 2 O ( r w 3 ) · n 4 , $$2^{O(q^2\log (q))}\cdot n^{4}$$ 2 O ( q 2 log ( q ) ) · n 4 , and $$n^{O(k^2)}$$ n O ( k 2 ) where rw is the rank-width, q the $${\mathbb {Q}}$$ Q -rank-width, and k the mim-width of a given decomposition. This answers in the affirmative an open question raised by Jaffke et al. (Algorithmica 82(1):118–145, 2020) concerning an algorithm for SFVS parameterized by mim-width. By a unified algorithm, this solves both problems in polynomial-time on the following graph classes: Interval, Permutation, and Bi-Interval graphs, Circular Arc and Circular Permutation graphs, Convex graphs, k-Polygon, Dilworth-k and Co-k-Degenerate graphs for fixed k; and also on Leaf Power graphs if a leaf root is given as input, on H-Graphs for fixed H if an H-representation is given as input, and on arbitrary powers of graphs in all the above classes. Prior to our results, only SFVS was known to be tractable restricted only on Interval and Permutation graphs, whereas all other results are new.

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40

Yadav, Pooja, Umabharathi, and S. John Don Bosco. "The Physicochemical, Morphological, Functional, Thermal Properties and Digestibility of Amaranthus Paniculatus (Rajgeera) Starch and Flour." Starch - Stärke, August 21, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/star.202200283.

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AbstractThe present study aimed to characterize the physicochemical, morphological, functional, thermal properties and in vitro digestibility of Amaranthus paniculatus flour (APF) and Amaranthus paniculatus starch (APS). A significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed in the chemical composition of Amaranthus paniculatus flour and starch; the amylose content of the starch (3.91%) was found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than flour (2.35%). SEM of APS revealed that the starch granules were polygonal, had a smooth surface, and had no fissures. Amaranthus paniculatus flour and starch exhibited A‐type crystallinity; however, the relative crystallinity of APS (15.75%) was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than flour (12.76%). Both starch and flour exhibited similar FT‐IR patterns. The functional properties, including solubility, water and oil absorption capacity of APF were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than APS. The enthalpy of gelatinization (ΔH) of APS was found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than APF. Amaranthus paniculatus starch has a significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) amount of rapid digestible starch (RDS) than flour, however, the flour of Amaranthus paniculatus has significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) resistant starch (RS) and slowly digestible starch (SDS). The study revealed that Amaranthus paniculatus flour and starch are significantly different from each other and can be used in various food and non‐food industries due to their physicochemical, functional and structural properties.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Gutiérrez, Alejandro, Luis J. Ezquerra, Pedro L. Rodríguez, and Joaquín Jiménez. "Cardiac Radiographic Measurements in Ferrets Using the OsiriX MD Programme." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8 (January 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.795947.

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Objectives: To adapt the vertebral heart scale (VHS) for use in ferrets and identify new scales and tools that allow to establish the normal heart size by means of radiography more quickly and effectively.Methods: Forty healthy pet ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) were used in this prospective study. The measurements were made on right lateral, left lateral, ventrodorsal, and dorsoventral projections, using OsiriX MD medical imaging software, to evaluate sex effect and variance within the different heart scales. Cardiac measurements were also correlated to VHS and the cardiac dimension in the same projection.Results: Most of the cardiac measurements were significantly different between males and females. The results for the VHS were: right lateral VHS (RL-VHS): 5.52 ± 0.28 v (vertebrae units); left lateral (LL-VHS): 5.55 ± 0.28 v; and dorsoventral VHS (DV-VHS): 6.22 ± 0.34 v for males and RL-VHS: 5.24 ± 0.2 v; LL-VHS: 5.25 ± 0.20 v; and DV-VHS: 5.97 ± 0.35 v for females. Regarding the sternebral heart scale (SHS), the values were: RL-SHS: 5.10 ± 0.20 s (sternebrae units) and LL-SHS: 5.11 ± 0.20 s for males and RL-SHS: 4.67 ± 0.24 s and LL-SHS: 4.67 ± 0.28 s for females. The new measurements based on determining the cardiac area were also marked by clear sexual dimorphism, as shown for the cardiac area-axis (AREA-AXIS): RL-AREA-AXIS: 3.82 ± 0.45 cm2; LL-AREA-AXIS: 3.87 ± 0.41 cm2; ventrodorsal (VD)-AREA-AXIS: 4.59 ± 0.64 cm2; and DV-AREA-AXIS: 4.80 ± 0.50 cm2 for males and RL-AREA-AXIS: 2.39 ± 0.23 cm2; LL-AREA-AXIS: 2.41 ± 0.26 cm2; VD-AREA-AXIS: 3.08 ± 0.45 cm2; and DV-AREA-AXIS: 3.06 ± 0.47 cm2 for females. The cardiac area open polygon (AREA-POL) values were: RL-AREA-POL: 6.78 ± 0.65 cm2; LL-AREA-POL: 6.88 ± 0.68 cm2; VD-AREA-POL: 7.20 ± 0.91 cm2; and DV-AREA-POL: 7.57 ± 0.88 cm2 for males and RL-AREA-POL: 4.28 ± 0.30 cm2; LL-AREA-POL: 4.35 ± 0.35 cm2; VD-AREA-POL: 4.72 ± 0.65 cm2; and DV-AREA-POL: 4.79 ± 0.66 cm2 for females, with similar differences noted from various radiographic projections. A good correlation was noted between VHS and SHS, and a very strongly positive correlation existed between cardiac area measurements and cardiac dimensions.Conclusion: The VHS adapted to ferrets, the SHS, as well as the cardiac area measurements presented in our study are ideal tools for the assessment of cardiac size in ferrets.

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Adhikari, Anup, Leen-Kiat Soh, Deepti Joshi, Ashok Samal, and Regina Werum. "Agent Based Modeling of the Spread of Social Unrest Using Infectious Disease Models." ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems, March 13, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3587463.

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Prior research suggests that the timing and location of social unrest may be influenced by similar unrest activities in another nearby region, potentially causing a spread of unrest activities across space and time. In this paper, we model the spread of social unrest across time and space using a novel approach, grounded in agent-based modeling (ABM). In it, regions (geographic polygons) are represented as agents that transition from one state to another based on changes in their environment. Our approach involves (1) creating a vector for each region/agent based on socio-demographic, infrastructural, economic, geographic, and environmental (SIEGE) factors, (2) formulating a neighborhood distance function to identify an agent's neighbors based on geospatial distance and SIEGE proximity, (3) designing transition probability equations based on two distinct compartmental models—i.e., the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) and the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) models, and (4) building a ground truth for evaluating the simulations. We use ABM to determine the individualized probabilities of each region/agent to transition from one state to another. The models are tested using the districts of three states in India as agents at a monthly scale for 2016-2019. For ground truth of unrest events, we use the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED) dataset. Our findings include that (1) the transition probability equations are viable, (2) the agent-based modeling of the spread of social unrest is feasible while treating regions as agents (Brier's score < 0.25 for two out of three regions), and (3) the SIS model performs comparatively better than the SIR model.

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Romulus, Costache, Fontanine Iulia, and Corodescu Ema. "Assessment of surface runoff depth changes in Sǎrǎţel River basin, Romania using GIS techniques." Open Geosciences 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13533-012-0181-0.

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AbstractSǎrǎţel River basin, which is located in Curvature Subcarpahian area, has been facing an obvious increase in frequency of hydrological risk phenomena, associated with torrential events, during the last years. This trend is highly related to the increase in frequency of the extreme climatic phenomena and to the land use changes. The present study is aimed to highlight the spatial and quantitative changes occurred in surface runoff depth in Sǎrǎţel catchment, between 1990–2006. This purpose was reached by estimating the surface runoff depth assignable to the average annual rainfall, by means of SCS-CN method, which was integrated into the GIS environment through the ArcCN-Runoff extension, for ArcGIS 10.1. In order to compute the surface runoff depth, by CN method, the land cover and the hydrological soil classes were introduced as vector (polygon data), while the curve number and the average annual rainfall were introduced as tables. After spatially modeling the surface runoff depth for the two years, the 1990 raster dataset was subtracted from the 2006 raster dataset, in order to highlight the changes in surface runoff depth.

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Dimitrov, Petar, and Eugenia Roumenina. "Combining SPOT 5 imagery with plotwise and standwise forest data to estimate volume and biomass in mountainous coniferous site." Open Geosciences 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13533-012-0124-9.

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AbstractIn this study, regression-based prediction of volume and aboveground biomass (AGB) of coniferous forests in a mountain test site was conducted. Two datasets — one with applied topographic correction and one without applied topographic correction — consisting of four spectral bands and six vegetation indices were generated from SPOT 5 multispectral image. The relationships between these data and ground data from field plots and national forest inventory polygons were examined. Strongest correlations of volume and AGB were observed with the near infrared band, regardless of the topographic correction. The maximal correlation coefficients when using plotwise data were −0.83 and −0.84 for the volume and AGB, respectively. The maximal correlation with standwise data was −0.63 for both parameters. The SCS+C topographic correction did not significantly affect the correlations between spectral data and forest parameters, but visually removed much of the topographically induced shading. Simple linear regression models resulted in relative RMSE of 32–33% using the plotwise data, and 43–45% using the standwise data. The importance of the source and the methodology used to obtain ground data for the successful modelling was pointed out.

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Schneider, Joerg, Michael Karrenbauer, Marcos Rates Crippa, and Hans D. Schotten. "Efficient Spectrum Sharing in Heterogeneous Wireless Environments." Frequenz 70, no. 5-6 (January 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2015-0144.

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AbstractToday, spectrum is scarce because of the growing number of wireless devices and the steadily increasing demand for high data rates. Streaming and online gaming are a new kind of challenge for wireless networks in terms of delay and throughput. Systems like LTE enable high data-rates (100 MBit/s and above) combined with a low latency. Despite of all these new transmission technologies a major bottleneck is caused by the available spectrum. Furthermore this problem gets exacerbated by a static frequency assignment. To overcome this bottleneck new concepts for adaptive spectrum assignment with respect to load situation need to be developed. In this article we describe and evaluate an architecture which is able to handle different kinds of spectrum sharing techniques. Furthermore, our approach is able to deal with short time sharing (up to one minute). Therefore, we developed a Spectrum Management System (SMS) which is based on a hierarchical organized distributed hash table (DHT) architecture. Additionally, our system deploys databases for additional information like spectrum usage rules, incumbents or network coverage information (described by polygons). To enable the handling of time-critical spectrum data, we introduce a time synchronisation protocol named Lightweight Time Synchronisation (LT-Sync) which considers the system architecture and estimates transmission delays.

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Pourali, Parastoo, Volha Dzmitruk, Miroslav Pátek, Eva Neuhöferová, Milan Svoboda, and Veronika Benson. "Fate of the capping agent of biologically produced gold nanoparticles and adsorption of enzymes onto their surface." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (March 25, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31792-5.

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AbstractEnzymotherapy based on DNase I or RNase A has often been suggested as an optional strategy for cancer treatment. The efficacy of such procedures is limited e.g. by a short half-time of the enzymes or a low rate of their internalization. The use of nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), helps to overcome these limits. Specifically, biologically produced AuNPs represent an interesting variant here due to naturally occurring capping agents (CA) on their surface. The composition of the CA depends on the producing microorganism. CAs are responsible for the stabilization of the nanoparticles, and promote the direct linking of targeting and therapeutic molecules. This study provided proof of enzyme adsorption onto gold nanoparticles and digestion efficacy of AuNPs-adsorbed enzymes. We employed Fusarium oxysporum extract to produce AuNPs. These nanoparticles were round or polygonal with a size of about 5 nm, negative surface charge of about − 33 mV, and maximum absorption peak at 530 nm. After the adsorption of DNAse I, RNase A, or Proteinase K onto the AuNPs surface, the nanoparticles exhibited shifts in surface charge (values between − 22 and − 13 mV) and maximum absorption peak (values between 513 and 534 nm). The ability of AuNP-enzyme complexes to digest different targets was compared to enzymes alone. We found a remarkable degradation of ssDNA, and dsDNA by AuNP-DNAse I, and a modest degradation of ssRNA by AuNP-RNase A. The presence of particular enzymes on the AuNP surface was proved by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, we detected a remarkable digestion of collagen type I and fibrinogen by AuNP-proteinase K complexes. We concluded that the biologically produced AuNPs directly bound DNase I, RNase A, and proteinase K while preserving their ability to digest specific targets. Therefore, according to our results, AuNPs can be used as effective enzyme carriers and the AuNP-enzyme conjugates can be effective tools for enzymotherapy.

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Zhu, Xiaoyi, Qiang Huang, Anthony DiSpirito, Tri Vu, Qiangzhou Rong, Xiaorui Peng, Huaxin Sheng, et al. "Real-time whole-brain imaging of hemodynamics and oxygenation at micro-vessel resolution with ultrafast wide-field photoacoustic microscopy." Light: Science & Applications 11, no. 1 (May 17, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-00836-2.

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AbstractHigh-speed high-resolution imaging of the whole-brain hemodynamics is critically important to facilitating neurovascular research. High imaging speed and image quality are crucial to visualizing real-time hemodynamics in complex brain vascular networks, and tracking fast pathophysiological activities at the microvessel level, which will enable advances in current queries in neurovascular and brain metabolism research, including stroke, dementia, and acute brain injury. Further, real-time imaging of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (sO2) can capture fast-paced oxygen delivery dynamics, which is needed to solve pertinent questions in these fields and beyond. Here, we present a novel ultrafast functional photoacoustic microscopy (UFF-PAM) to image the whole-brain hemodynamics and oxygenation. UFF-PAM takes advantage of several key engineering innovations, including stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) based dual-wavelength laser excitation, water-immersible 12-facet-polygon scanner, high-sensitivity ultrasound transducer, and deep-learning-based image upsampling. A volumetric imaging rate of 2 Hz has been achieved over a field of view (FOV) of 11 × 7.5 × 1.5 mm3 with a high spatial resolution of ~10 μm. Using the UFF-PAM system, we have demonstrated proof-of-concept studies on the mouse brains in response to systemic hypoxia, sodium nitroprusside, and stroke. We observed the mouse brain’s fast morphological and functional changes over the entire cortex, including vasoconstriction, vasodilation, and deoxygenation. More interestingly, for the first time, with the whole-brain FOV and micro-vessel resolution, we captured the vasoconstriction and hypoxia simultaneously in the spreading depolarization (SD) wave. We expect the new imaging technology will provide a great potential for fundamental brain research under various pathological and physiological conditions.

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