Статті в журналах: "Polluted environmental"

1

Shah, Nita, Shreya Patel, Moksha Satia, and Foram Thakkar. "DYNAMICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONTHROUGH VEHICLES." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i4.2018.206.

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In today’s time as air pollution is increasing day by day the use of non-polluted has to be increased in almost all nooks and corner of the countries. In this paper a mathematical model is developed to analyse environmental pollution through polluted and non-polluted vehicles. Basic reproduction number has been calculated which will the decide the behavior of the system. Stability analysis has been carried out at equilibrium points. Numerical simulation is done to analyse the result for various compartments.

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2

Nisbet, James. "Environmental Abstraction and the Polluted Image." American Art 31, no. 1 (March 2017): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/692160.

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3

Shishniashvili, TE, NN Suladze, and VV Margvelashvili. "Primary Teeth and Hair as Indicators of Environmental Pollution." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.2.152.

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Objectives: To study the influence of environmental pollution on the mineralization of dental hard tissues by using biosubstrates: teeth and hair. :Study design: At the first stage epidemiological survey was conducted in polluted and less polluted areas of Tbilisi (Georgia). We studied 525 children aged 3 and 4 years. Caries prevalence and intensity was defined by the methodology of World Health Organization. At the second stage the chemical elements content was studied in hair and teeth hard tissues of 24 children by X - ray fluorescent spectroscopy method. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the polluted region was 46%, caries intensity − 1.92 (± 2.842). In the less polluted region prevalence was 37%, caries intensity − 1.47 (± 2.571). These data are statistically reliable (p < 0.05). The study of hair and tooth tissues showed that the toxic elements (Pb, Hg, Sn, Ti) content in these tissues was higher in environmentally unfavorable than in favorable conditions. Conclusion: Hair and dental tissues can be used as indicators of environmental pollution. Our survey showed that toxic elements content in dental hard tissues was higher and the level of essential elements was less in polluted than in less polluted areas of Tbilisi.

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4

Gómez-Rúa, María. "Sharing a polluted river through environmental taxes." SERIEs 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2011): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13209-011-0083-2.

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5

Eeva, Tapio, Harri Hakkarainen, Toni Laaksonen, and Esa Lehikoinen. "Environmental pollution has sex-dependent effects on local survival." Biology Letters 2, no. 2 (February 13, 2006): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0443.

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Environmental pollutants cause a potential hazard for survival in free-living animal populations. We modelled local survival (including emigration) by using individual mark–recapture histories of males and females in a population of a small insectivorous passerine bird, the pied flycatcher ( Ficedula hypoleuca ) living around a point source of heavy metals (copper smelter). Local survival of F. hypoleuca females did not differ between polluted and unpolluted environments. Males, however, showed a one-third higher local-survival probability in the polluted area. Low fledgling production was generally associated with decreased local survival, but males in the polluted area showed relatively high local survival, irrespective of their fledgling number. A possible explanation of higher local survival of males in the polluted area could be a pollution-induced change in hormone (e.g. corticosterone or testosterone) levels of males. It could make them to invest more on their own survival or affect the hormonal control of breeding dispersal. The local survival of males decreased in the polluted area over the study period along with the simultaneous decrease in heavy metal emissions. This temporal trend is in agreement with the stress hormone hypothesis.

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Bogardi, I., W. E. Kelly, A. Bardossy, and E. Z. Stakhiv. "Estimation of Environmental Risk Due to Polluted Sediment." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0033.

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A method is presented to perform a risk-cost evaluation for sediment management applicable to the Danube Basin. Specifically, the environmental risk and the cost due to excavation and disposal of polluted sediment are evaluated and traded off in order to select sound management alternatives. Two main objectives of sediment management are considered: to minimize the cost of management and to minimize the environmental risk thereof. The economically optimal solution may not be realized due to the environmental risk involved. The environmental risk has several components such as human carcinogenic risk, human noncarcinogenic risk, and ecological risk related to a number of species. A trade-off analysis called composite programming is used: 1. to aggregate components of environmental risk considering different sources and compositions of polluted sediment in the river channel and/or reservoirs, 2. to find an alternative of sediment management which provides the best compromise between the cost and environmental risk involved.

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Lin, Wen Jie, Chu Lian Chen, and Su Biao Xu. "Heavy Metal Contamination and Environmental Concerns on Orchard at Abandoned Tungsten Mine, Southern China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1609.

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A series of stream water, soil and fruits samples in the orchards were collected from Lianhuashan tungsten area in Guangdong Province. The concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni in the samples were determined. This study targeted at the impacts of Lianhuashan wasteland on the orchards at the downstream. The results showed that the stream water was severely polluted by heavy metals, especially As and Cd, with low pH value and high electric conductivity (EC). Compared to the background orchards, the soils in the orchards at the downstream were polluted by As and Cd. The fruits in the orchards surrounding the polluted stream were seriously polluted by As and Cd. Acid waste water derived from the tailings of Lianhuashan tungsten mine entered the streams and resulted in elevated concentrations of heavy metals, lower pH values and higher EC in the stream water. The polluted streams caused soils and fruits pollution by As and Cd in the surrounding orchards.

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8

Napton, Mary Luanne, and Frederick A. Day. "Polluted Neighborhoods in Texas." Environment and Behavior 24, no. 4 (July 1992): 508–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916592244004.

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9

Matthies, Ellen, Rainer Höger, and Rainer Guski. "Living on Polluted Soil." Environment and Behavior 32, no. 2 (March 2000): 270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00139160021972522.

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10

Singh Suwal, Belai Meeta, Ratna Silwal Gautam, and Dikshya Manandhar. "Environmental Impact On Morphological and Anatomical Structure of Ricinus communis L. Leaves Growing in Kathmandu, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.24652.

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The current study was done to examine the impact of environmental pollution on morphology and anatomy of leaf of Ricinus communis L. of Kathmandu. The comparative study was done between the plants of high polluted sites i.e Ringroad sides and less polluted sites i.e Raniban forest of Kathmandu. The plants from both sites showed visible morphological and anatomical changes in leaves. These both study sites were found with similar soil factors and climatic factors. Reductions in some morphological and anatomical features were observed in leaves growing in highly polluted site. Reduction in leaf area, petiole length, thickness of palisade layer and thickness of spongy parenchyma was noticed in the leaves from highly polluted sites of Kathmandu. Other morphological and anatomical features such as leaf dry mass content, stomata frequency, thickness of cuticle and size of epidermal cells were noticed to be increased in leaves from highly polluted sites. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 274-278

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11

Gruszecka-Kosowska, Agnieszka. "Significance of Environmental Input Data in Risk Assessment Analyses." Journal of Xenobiotics 10, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jox10020005.

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12

Evers, Clifton Westly. "Polluted Leisure." Leisure Sciences 41, no. 5 (July 8, 2019): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2019.1627963.

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13

Liu, Hui, Bing Sun, Zhi Yu Yan, and Xiao Yu Tian. "UV Induced Degradation of Crude Oil in Polluted Water Based on Analysis of Environmental Materials." Advanced Materials Research 534 (June 2012): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.534.333.

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Analysis of environmental materials is very important for the environmental assessment, especially for the crude oil-contaminated water. This paper investigated the degradation of crude oil in the polluted water under the irradiation of UV light, and used the UV absorption, synchronous fluorescence spectra and gas chromatograph to analysis the changes of the environmental materials in the crude oil polluted water during the irradiation. All of the absorbance substances, fluorescent substances and saturated hydrocarbons in the crude oil polluted water decreased with the UV light irradiation. In addition, the dissolved organic matters in the seawater had significant influence on the photodegradation of crude oil.

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14

Mukherjee, Susmita, Rajiv Narula, Shreya Bhattacharjee, Debankita Dutta, Indrani Bose, Jitesh Mahakud, Sharanya Paul, Sourish Bhattacharjee, and Sonali Paul. "BIOREMEDIATION: THE ECO-FRIENDLY SOLUTION TO THE HAZARDOUS PROBLEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, no. 4 (December 17, 2021): 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.14439.

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Bioremediation is a technique to enhance natural biological processes to rectify polluted groundwater, soil, and even entire habitats. Bioremediation techniques use biological agents to act upon hazardous, toxic materials and subsequently convert them into less toxic substances. Microbes are organisms ubiquitously present in the biosphere. These microorganisms are the main agents that remediate toxic and polluted environmental conditions. Highly polluted areas can be rectified using proper bioremediation procedures and interventions. In this review we have studied the different bioremediation techniques which can be utilized to correct the harmful effects of environmental pollution. In this study we have also emphasized on the benefits of adopting bioremediation as an efficient alternative technique in comparison to the traditional physical and chemical methods to restore the healthy environmental conditions.

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15

Calace, N., B. M. Petronio, E. Pietrantonio, and M. Pietroletti. "Metal speciation in sediments of polluted and non‐polluted lakes." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 76, no. 3-4 (August 2000): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772240009358926.

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16

Denysenko, I. "ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF WORKING WITH OIL PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT POLLUTED WITH RADIOACTIVE NUCLIDES." Bulletin of Lviv State University of Life Safety, no. 17 (August 8, 2018): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20784643.17.2018.12.

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The article deals with issues of environmental safety during working with polluted technological oil production equipment. According to the results of experimental studies, the efficiency of the complex method (hydrodynamic, cavitation, mechanical) for purifying pump-compressor pipes, polluted with saline deposits containing natural radionuclides, is shown. A block scheme of an environmentally acceptable process of purifying such equipment is proposed.

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17

Lenártová, V., K. Holovská, and P. Javorský. "The influence of environmental pollution on the SOD and GST-isoenzyme patterns." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2000): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0315.

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The present study investigates the change of the specific isoenzyme pattern of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the livers of sheep and fish after their exposure to metal pollutants (predominantly Cu, Hg, and Fe) in industrial areas. Moreover, the influence of mercury on the activities of antioxidant enzymes of rumen bacteria Streptococcus bovis and Selenomonas ruminantium have been studied. In the liver of sheep, the new SOD isoforms (pI 5.7, 5.3 and 5.1) were seen in polluted animals as well as in the liver of fish (pI 5.2, 5.1 and 4.45). With regard to GST isoenzymes, in the liver of sheep, subunit 1 was induced in polluted sheep, and subunit 3 was induced in both polluted sheep and fish liver. Subunit 7 was inactivated in sheep and fish liver. The SOD activity of S. bovis which was considered as Mn-SOD, increased when incubated with HgCl2 in both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. S. ruminantium showed no SOD activity. The differences in antioxidant activity between polluted and reference animals led us to propose that the induction of some isoenzymes of SOD and GSTs could provide useful biomarkers for monitoring environmental pollution.

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18

MARIA, Gabriel Mihai, Cristian BANCIU, Mihnea VLADIMIRESCU, Ioana Cătălina PAICA, and Anca MANOLE. "STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS IN BLACK PINE NEEDLES AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION." Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 17, no. 1 (February 2022): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/205.

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This study presents micro-morphological characters and anatomical modifications detected in black pine needles collected from urban polluted areas in order to propose new biomarkers useful in air pollution biomonitoring. The plant samples were collected during the July 2021 from 10 different polluted sites from Bucharest and analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy. When compared with the samples collected from less polluted sites, needle micromorphology and structure have showed significant alterations such as injured stomatal complex, eroded forms of tubular wax type and complete degradation of wax crystalline structure, raised peristomatal areas, early wax plugs perforations and abnormal epidermal teeth. The loads of heavy metal of samples were assessed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and the results showed a positive correlation between structural alteration incidence and needle heavy metal surface depositions.

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19

Frenzilli, Giada. "Nanotechnology for Environmental and Biomedical Research." Nanomaterials 10, no. 11 (November 8, 2020): 2220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10112220.

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Given the high production and broad feasibility of nanomaterials, the application of nanotechnology includes the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to clean-up polluted media such as soils, water, air, groundwater and wastewaters, and is known as nanoremediation [...]

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20

Rikta, Sharmin Yousuf, Md Shiblur Rahaman, Md Mostafizur Rahman, and Shafi Mohammad Tareq. "Lead Polluted Hotspot: Environmental Implication of Unplanned Industrial Development." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2016-0005.

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Abstract In Rayer Bazaar, different industries like tannery, plastic, textile, battery recycling industry etc. are increasing rapidly without considering the environmental issues and deterioration. Since chromium (Cr) pollution of this area has been widely investigated due to the presence of tannery industries, this study was focused on examining other environmental factors. Field visits and analytical results of semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis as well as three dimensional excitation emission matrix spectroscopy (3DEEM) of water, soil and vegetative tissues indicated that, the area is highly polluted in term of different environmental parameters and metal content. The extremely high lead (Pb) content of the soil (1171.7 mg/kg in summer, 2157.1 mg/kg in winter) and blackish materials of vegetative tissues (6585.6 mg/kg in summer, 1974.1 mg/kg in winter) indicates excessive lead deposition of this area that makes it a lead polluted hotspot. One of the possible sources of the extremely high lead concentration is adjacent battery recycling industry and/or other industries surrounding this area. So it is urgent to take necessary steps to find out immediate options for possible mitigation.

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21

Medina-Pérez, Gabriela, Fabián Fernández-Luqueño, Edgar Vazquez-Nuñez, Fernando López-Valdez, Judith Prieto-Mendez, Alfredo Madariaga-Navarrete, and Mariana Miranda-Arámbula. "Remediating Polluted Soils Using Nanotechnologies: Environmental Benefits and Risks." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 28, no. 3 (January 28, 2019): 1013–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/87099.

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22

Greig, Alison J. "Differentiating between polluted sites and polluted days in Cambridge, England." International Journal of Environmental Studies 56, no. 6 (September 1999): 801–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239908711241.

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23

Pradhan, Arunava, Sahadevan Seena, Dirk Dobritzsch, Stefan Helm, Katharina Gerth, Melanie Dobritzsch, Gerd-Joachim Krauss, Dietmar Schlosser, Cláudia Pascoal, and Fernanda Cássio. "Physiological responses to nanoCuO in fungi from non-polluted and metal-polluted streams." Science of The Total Environment 466-467 (January 2014): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.073.

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24

Daminov, Abduvali. "THE NECESSITY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL INSURANCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 04, no. 02 (February 1, 2022): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume04issue02-11.

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Natural disasters and human actions have recently caused a variety of environmental changes around the world. Climate and weather patterns are shifting dramatically across the planet, water and soil composition are getting increasingly polluted, and plant and animal species are becoming extinct.

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25

Epelde, Lur, Iker Martín-Sánchez, José A. González-Oreja, Mikel Anza, María T. Gómez-Sagasti, and Carlos Garbisu. "Impact of sources of environmental degradation on microbial community dynamics in non-polluted and metal-polluted soils." Science of The Total Environment 433 (September 2012): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.049.

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26

Daitoh, Ichiroh. "Environmental Protection and Urban Unemployment: Environmental Policy Reform in a Polluted Dualistic Economy." Review of Development Economics 7, no. 3 (August 2003): 496–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9361.00205.

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27

Khanieva, I. M., S. A. Bekuzarova, R. Z. Abdulkhalikov, A. L. Boziev, and Yu M. Shogenov. "Bioindicators and environmental protection." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022205002.

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The plants capable to occlude the maximum quantity of the heavy metals (HM) from soil solution are studied. Plants - indicators of accumulation of heavy metals are allocated, the new directions on decrease in toxicity of the soil are offered. For the purpose of studying of sorption abilities of bean herbs studied accumulation of heavy metals on phases of development of plants. Biological features bean which are capable to occlude heavy metals from the soil and air and by that to clear the polluted site are established. Plants can be the main bioindicators of impurity of soils. For a start in different environments the content of heavy metals by means of a method of chemical analysis control was defined, then compared maximum permissible concentration and drew a conclusion about danger of complex influence to the person and a biota For strengthening of sorption brought tseolitsoderzhashchy clays of Alanit of a local origin at crops of bean herbs. It is revealed that the maximum sorption abilities are found in plants vyazelya motley, and in mix with an amaranth, sowed cherezryadno the maximum effect on decrease in heavy metals on the polluted site is reached. A plant the ambrosia polynnolistny most of all accumulates doses of heavy metals.

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Ávila-Pozo, Paloma, Juan Parrado, Pablo Caballero, Marta Díaz-López, Felipe Bastida, and Manuel Tejada. "Use of Slaughterhouse Sludge in the Bioremediation of an Oxyfluorfen-Polluted Soil." International Journal of Environmental Research 15, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41742-021-00351-z.

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AbstractThe use of organic matter is a highly accepted environmental practice among scientists for the bioremediation of polluted soils. In this manuscript we study under laboratory conditions the bioremediation capacity of a new biostimulant obtained from slaughterhouse sludge in a soil polluted by the oxyfluorfen at a rate of 4 l ha−1 (manufacturer’s rate recommended) over a 90-day period. We determined its effects on dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase and phosphatase activities, the soil microbial community structure and the evolution of the herbicide in soil. Possibly due to the high content of low molecular weight proteins in the biostimulant, the enzymatic activities were stimulated mainly at the beginning of the experiment. Soil biological parameters were inhibited in oxyfluorfen-polluted soil. At the end of the experiment and compared with the control soil, dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase, and phosphatase activities significantly decreased by 47.8%, 50.5%, 36.4%, and 45.5% in the oxyfluorfen-polluted soil. At 5 days into the experiment, the use of the biostimulant in oxyfluorfen-polluted soils decreased soil enzymatic activities and microbial community inhibition. At the end of the incubation period the oxyfluorfen concentration had decreased by 60% in the polluted soil and amended with biostimulants. These results suggested that the use of this biostimulant with higher amounts of low molecular weight proteins and peptides had a positive effect on the remediating oxyfluorfen-polluted soils. Therefore, this study provides the use of a new biostimulant obtained from slaughterhouse sludge by enzymatic hydrolysis processes used in the bioremediation of a soil polluted by the oxyfluorfen herbicide.

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Canipari, Rita, Lucia De Santis, and Sandra Cecconi. "Female Fertility and Environmental Pollution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 8802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238802.

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A realistic picture of our world shows that it is heavily polluted everywhere. Coastal regions and oceans are polluted by farm fertilizer, manure runoff, sewage and industrial discharges, and large isles of waste plastic are floating around, impacting sea life. Terrestrial ecosystems are contaminated by heavy metals and organic chemicals that can be taken up by and accumulate in crop plants, and water tables are heavily contaminated by untreated industrial discharges. As deadly particulates can drift far, poor air quality has become a significant global problem and one that is not exclusive to major industrialized cities. The consequences are a dramatic impairment of our ecosystem and biodiversity and increases in degenerative or man-made diseases. In this respect, it has been demonstrated that environmental pollution impairs fertility in all mammalian species. The worst consequences are observed for females since the number of germ cells present in the ovary is fixed during fetal life, and the cells are not renewable. This means that any pollutant affecting hormonal homeostasis and/or the reproductive apparatus inevitably harms reproductive performance. This decline will have important social and economic consequences that can no longer be overlooked.

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Abed, Mahmood F., Ghazi Atiya Zarraq, and Salwa H. Ahmed. "Assessment of Groundwater Pollution using Aqueous Geo-Environmental Indices, Baiji Province, Salah Al-Din, Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 1B (February 28, 2022): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1b.9ms-2022-02-25.

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The study area is located in Baiji province characterized by anthropogenic activities which may affect the groundwater quality. Therefore, the present work was intended for assessing groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking. Groundwater samples were collected from 33 different well, then analyzed to determine 20 parameter which are TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Cl, SO4, NO3, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, B and Se. Nemerow Pollution Index Synthetic Pollution Index, and Pollution Index of Groundwater were used for determining groundwater suitability for human consumption. Nemerow Pollution Index values indicate that groundwater pollution is ranged from seriously to moderately polluted. According to Synthetic Pollution Index results, the water samples were moderately polluted to unsuitable for drinking. Depending on the rating of Pollution Index of Groundwater values, groundwater was polluted.

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Surya, Batara, Hamsina Hamsina, Ridwan Ridwan, Baharuddin Baharuddin, Firman Menne, Andi Tenri Fitriyah, and Emil Salim Rasyidi. "The Complexity of Space Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control in the Main Corridor of Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 6, 2020): 9244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219244.

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Population mobility, increasing demand for transportation, and the complexity of land use have an impact on environmental quality degradation and air quality pollution. This study aims to analyze (1) the effect of population mobility, increased traffic volume, and land use change on air quality pollution, (2) direct and indirect effects of urban activities, transportation systems, and movement patterns on environmental quality degradation and air pollution index, and (3) air pollution strategy and sustainable urban environmental management. The research method used is a sequential explanation design. Data were obtained through observation, surveys, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study illustrate that the business center and Daya terminal with a value of 0.18 µgram/m3 is polluted, the power plant and Sermani industrial area with a value of 0.16 µgram/m3 is polluted, the Makassar industrial area with a value of 0.23 is heavily polluted, and the Hasanuddin International Airport area with a value of 0.04 µgram/m3 is not polluted. Population mobility, traffic volume, and land use changes have a significant effect on environmental quality degradation, with a determination coefficient of 94.1%. The direct effect of decreasing environmental quality on the air pollution index is 66.09%. This study recommends transportation management on the main road corridor of Makassar City, which is environmentally friendly with regard to sustainable environmental management.

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Franze, Thomas, Michael G. Weller, Reinhard Niessner, and Ulrich Pöschl. "Protein Nitration by Polluted Air." Environmental Science & Technology 39, no. 6 (March 2005): 1673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0488737.

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33

Vyskocil, Adolf, Zdenek Fiala, Dana Fialova, Vladimir Krajak, and Claude Viau. "Environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Czech Republic." Human & Experimental Toxicology 16, no. 10 (October 1997): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719701601006.

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1 Objectives of this study were (1) to compare concentra tions of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in air of polluted and nonpolluted area of Czech Republic during winter and summer periods and (2) to verify if urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), as sup posed practical biological marker, permits the assess ment of spacial and temporal variations in environmental PAH exposure. 2 The study population consisted of three groups: (1) a group of 22 physical exercise students who regularly train outside, from the university situated in a polluted town, spending 14 days in winter and 14 days in summer in 'non-polluted' mountains; (2) a control group of 22 residents from the town and (3) a control group of 18 residents from the mountains. 3 The total PAH concentrations (sum of 13 individual PAH) were 19.3 and 104.6 ng/m3 in town and in mountains, respectively, during summer and 86.6 and 261 ng/m3 during winter. 4 Median 1-OHP levels ranged between 0.03 and 0.13 μmol/mol creatinine for controls and between 0.04 and 0.12 μmol/mol creatinine for students. No relationship was found between pyrene levels in air and group means of urinary 1-OHP. Our results show that other factors (probably PAH in food) contribute in masking air pollution influence on urinary 1-OHP levels in subjects non-occupationally exposed to PAH.

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Mao, Yixin, Pei Ding, Youbin Wang, Cheng Ding, Liping Wu, Ping Zheng, Xiao Zhang, Xia Li, Leyao Wang, and Zongke Sun. "Comparison of culturable antibiotic-resistant bacteria in polluted and non-polluted air in Beijing, China." Environment International 131 (October 2019): 104936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104936.

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Ramadhania Putri Maresi, Sinta, Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo, and Ami Aminah Meutia. "Water quality status of an urban lake in the dry season from 2017 to 2020 (Situ Gintung, Banten Province, Indonesia)." E3S Web of Conferences 211 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021103008.

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Urban lakes are experiencing various kinds of problems because of the anthropocentrism of environmental management. This also happens in Situ Gintung, Indonesia. This lake is polluted by many pollutants from urban activities, such as the entry of domestic waste into waters due to anthropogenic activities and the amount of leftover food not consumed by fisheries. These problems can be solved by observing the water quality of Situ Gintung to provide information about parameters that have exceeded environmental quality standards and provide general information about the water quality in the dry season from 2017 to 2020. The research is done using a purposive sampling method and determining water quality status with the STORET method based on the Indonesian standard with parameters less than ten. As a result, Situ Gintung water is neither classified as class I, II, III, and IV nor be utilized for consumption, recreation, fisheries, and irrigation because the quality status is mostly in the heavily polluted category. Furthermore, the three highest polluters from each class are BOD5, COD, and a total of Coliform.

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Samokhvalova, V. L., Y. A. Pogromskaya, A. I. Fateev, S. G. Zuza, and V. A. Zuza. "Environmental remediation of soils polluted mainly cadmium, zinc, and copper." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 15, no. 1-2 (February 25, 2014): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041404.

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The method of remediation of soil technogenic polyelemental contaminated mainly Cd, Zn and Cu, where due to the use as a sorbent - ameliorants compounds of iron (II) and phosphate fertilizers in a certain ratio in accordance with the level of contamination of soils, increase in the efficiency of their environmental rehabilitation and recovery 's natural buffer properties, through influence on the processes of different hazard classes heavy metals migration and trophic regime in the soil, and of the plants productivity with higher rates of ecological safety. The technical result of the elaboration method is to accelerate the processes of heavy metals physical and chemical fixation by making joint structuring improver of inorganic type together with mineral substrates that are effectively reduce toxicity of pollutants, optimization and restoration of the environmental state of the soil-plant system, its resistance to pollution by heavy metals. The elaboration of the method involved the improvement of the known method, accelerated of the of physical-chemical fixation processes of heavy metals different hazard classes by application of soil improver of inorganic type compatible with the type of inorganic mineral substrates, which enables for effective impact on expanding the range of heavy metals different hazard classes unable to migration into adjacent soil environment and on their mobility, to provide optimization and restoration of the soil-plant system ecological state, its resistance to heavy metals pollution. Distinctive features and benefits of the proposed technical solution, compared with known techniques and approaches are the following: ensuring the effective reduction of the heavy metals toxicity of danger various classes with optimal conditions of physical and chemical adsorption mainly Cd, Zn and Cu by simultaneous restoration of natural soil properties (elemental composition, physical and chemical properties for the improvement of organic matter and soil trophic mode) and an allowance of the soil nutrients; resource costs reduce complexity and implementation procedures for environmental rehabilitation of contaminated soils at different levels of heavy metals pollution in areas of impact sustainable sources influence of technogenic emissions due to the accuracy of the determining the ratio of soil improvers inorganic type doses and fertilizers, effective impact of the proposed composition of the first year of application and prolongation of validity up to 5 years.

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Di Palma, Luca, Elisabetta Petrucci, and Biancamaria Pietrangeli. "Environmental Effects of Using Chelating Agents in Polluted Sediment Remediation." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 94, no. 3 (December 5, 2014): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-014-1437-9.

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38

Rubenson, Stefan. "The Swedish Environmental Code." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 8, Issue 12 (December 1, 1999): 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1999051.

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An overview of the Swedish Environmental Code, in force from 1 January 1999; the precautionary approach as the basis - the burden of proof, requirements to use best possible techniques, requirements as to the location of activities and to reuse and recycle, clarification on liability to clean up polluted sites; new powers to introduce environmental quality standards; provisions on environmental impact assessment; nature conservation, based on a network of protected areas; GMOs; new obligations in respect of chemicals; waste legislation; enforcement - penal provisions and sanction charges.

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Hajiyeva, S. R., and E. M. Gadirova. "Monitoring of the Petrogenically Polluted Territories." E3S Web of Conferences 212 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021201006.

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Environmental monitoring has been carried out in the regions of Azerbaijan, chemical analysis of crude oils taken from Siyazan and May 28 has been counducted, and the degree of oil contamination of these areas has been determined. At the same time, the offshore waters of Mardakan and Gunashli regions have been taken and organic toxic substances have been identified in its content with the help of chromatographic analysis.

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Calvo, Jose P., and Mari Luz Garcia-Lorenzo. "The contribution of industrial minerals to solving environmental issues." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 53, no. 1 (October 17, 2018): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.18898.

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Mitigation of environmental issues and decontamination of land by using a variety of industrial minerals mainly immobilizes contaminants in solution, whether in polluted water or contaminated soils and sediments. That is because a variety of minerals, in particular carbonates, clays and zeolites, have a significant capacity to ad/absorb harmful ions and to react to form precipitates. Phosphates, iron hydroxides, some silica minerals and lime-derived products can also be used to solve environmental issues. This paper focuses on the amendment of soils and sediments affected by the impact of mining or by waste landfills, with some reference to the use of minerals in cultural heritage conservation. An example of actions leading to the amelioration of contaminated land is provided after describing some current pilot experiences on highly polluted wastes derived from mining in SE Spain.

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Suripto, Suripto, Kurniasih Sukenti, Sukiman Sukiman, Immy Suci Rohyani, and Ahmad Jupri. "MICROSPORE ANALYSIS FOR GENOTOXICITY OF POLLUTED ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT (THE CASE STUDY IN THE MATARAM CITY)." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 19, no. 2 (August 23, 2019): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v19i2.1276.

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Abstract : The need for environmental protection continues to increase, so exploratory studies of agents of polluted environmental indicators are becoming increasingly important. The advantages of using flowering plants for environmental bio-indicator studies include the availability of sufficient test material with their variations and the availability of different periods for sampling. Seven plant species were used to examine their suitability as bio-indicator for genotoxicity of polluted atmospheric environment in Mataram City by microspore analysis. This study was conducted with the aim of, 1) knowing the level of difference in the frequency of failure (abortiveness) of microspores between similar plants that grow in areas at risk of being polluted in the city and those growing in areas not at risk of being polluted outside the city of Mataram, and 2) find out what types of flowering plants, especially those in city parks that are suitable as bio-indicators of air pollution for Mataram City. The percentage of aborted pollens was calculated out of 50 to 300 observed pollen grains of each selected individual flowering plant. Sample of each plant species from every study area consist of ten plant individuals. Data were analyzed by use the Wilcoxon one way-test at a 0.05 to determine significance of difference in the percentage of aborted pollen grains from same plant species between in the risky polluted area and plant in the control area. The results showed that Lantana camara L. is suitable as bio-indicator for atmospheric pollution in Mataram City or other cities that have a density of traffic flow of motorized vehicles around 100 vehicles per hour. Its percentage of aborted pollen grains is 1,62 ± 0,08 % in the risky polluted area, and 1,21 ± 0,13 % in the control area. Others six observed plant spesies, i.e. Acacia auriculiformis A. Conn. Ex Bth., Bauhinia acuminata L., Baugenvillea spectabilis Willd. Duranta erecta L., Ixora coccinea L. and Rosa hybryda Hort., each of them is not suitable as bioindicator for it. Their percentage of pollen abortiveness in polluted and not-polluted areas were not different, significantly.Keywords: Genotoxicity, Microspores, Polluted air environment

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Soliman, S. H., and H. F. S. Rizk. "Water vapor in polluted Cairo atmosphere." Environment International 12, no. 5 (January 1986): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(86)90155-8.

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43

Mares, Cristian, and Constanta Mătusescu. "Recent Case Law of The Romanian Courts of Law And The European Court of Justice Related To The Objective Environmental Liability." International Journal of Energy and Environment 15 (November 25, 2021): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91012.2021.15.11.

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Although the economic interests have played a major political role in the recent period, in a number of litigations the courts applied the “polluter pays” principle and rendered favorably judgments to the claimants which suffered a damage caused by pollution. In this respect, it is worth analyzing the case law of the European Court of Justice which has recently provided the presumption of liability for pollution of the operators which operates installations on land adjacent to a polluted area. As the Romanian case law is concerned, given the novelty of the framework of an objective environmental liability and the low number of cases related to this issue, it is to be developed a constant jurisprudence as the decision rendered by the Romanian Court of Appeal as of March 9, 2009, which forced a polluter to remedy totally and in kind the damage caused to an individual’s house.

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Kolesnikov, R. A., V. M. Makeev, E. N. Romanova, V. I. Sturman, and K. A. Zhurkina. "THE INVESTIGATION OF THE OBJECTS OF THE PAST ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ON THE VILKITSKY ISLAND (KARA SEA)." Engineering survey 12, no. 5-6 (August 16, 2018): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-5-6-32-41.

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The research of the objects of the the past environmental damage on the Vilkitsky Island located in the Kara Sea. The central part of northern coast where the abandoned objects of the air defense point and the polar station are located is subject to technogenic influence. Around them and on the bank of the Kara sea there are dumps for solid household and industrial waste. Water bodies on the affected part of the island s are polluted with oil and heavy metals. Water quality corresponds to 4, 5 and 6 classes (polluted, dirty and very dirty). Concentrations of oil and heavy metals in the bottom sediments of reservoirs exceeding levels of pollution in the background sites accordingly in 17 and 3, 7 times are found out. In soils of the island’s background sites oil are not found out, and the concentration of heavy metals are extremely low - in 1,6–5 times lower than in a the continental tundra zone and at 2–12 time lower than in the midland of Russia. The background concentration of heavy metals established on the basis of a representative sample in sandy tundra soils can be of interest for the subsequent researches of other Arctic territories combined by young marine sediments. At the polluted sites admissible level of the maintenance of oil is exceeded by 1,3–6,7 times. The content of heavy metals is dominated by soils polluted to an admissible and moderately dangerous level, and in some cases — dangerous and extremely dangerous level. The polluted sites are restricted; the passports of the objects of the past environmental damage were compiled for them. Recommendations about carrying out of actions about liquidation of the past environmental damage are made.

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Kuroda, M., T. Watanabe, and Y. Umedu. "Simultaneous oxidation and reduction treatments of polluted water by a bio-electro reactor." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 9 (November 1, 1996): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0187.

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Application of a bio-electro reactor for treatment of various kinds of polluted water was investigated experimentally. Aqueous solution of nitrate, ammonium and/or organic matter were used as synthetic polluted water. Denitrification of the nitrate polluted water without organic matter proceeded effectively by utilizing hydrogen gas produced by electrolysis of water in the reactor. The bio-electro reactor was also available for the treatment of nitrate polluted water containing organic matter when the C/N concentration ratio was up to 1.0 under the condition of 100 mA of applied electric current. The nitrate removal efficiency from nitrate polluted water containing acetate at C/N=1.0 was more than 90% at 5 hours of HRT and 80% even at 2.8 h HRT. For the treatment of ammonium polluted water, nitrification and denitrification proceeded simultaneously in a bio-electro reactor where nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms were immobilized on the electrodes. The results obtained in this study suggested that the bio-electro reactor system was capable to application for oxidation and reduction treatments of the nitrate and ammonium polluted water.

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Aulsebrook, Lucinda C., Michael G. Bertram, Jake M. Martin, Anne E. Aulsebrook, Tomas Brodin, Jonathan P. Evans, Matthew D. Hall, et al. "Reproduction in a polluted world: implications for wildlife." Reproduction 160, no. 2 (August 2020): R13—R23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-20-0154.

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Environmental pollution is an increasing problem for wildlife globally. Animals are confronted with many different forms of pollution, including chemicals, light, noise, and heat, and these can disrupt critical biological processes such as reproduction. Impacts on reproductive processes can dramatically reduce the number and quality of offspring produced by exposed individuals, and this can have further repercussions on the ecology and evolution of affected populations. Here, we illustrate how environmental pollutants can affect various components of reproduction in wildlife, including direct impacts on reproductive physiology and development, consequences for gamete quality and function, as well as effects on sexual communication, sexual selection, and parental care. We follow with a discussion of the broader ecological and evolutionary consequences of these effects on reproduction and suggest future directions that may enable us to better understand and address the effects of environmental pollution.

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Galitskova, Yu M., M. I. Balzannikov, and E. G. Vyshkin. "REHABILITATION OF POLLUTED URBAN AREAS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 15, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol1.2637.

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Industrial structures, residential buildings and other objects of infrastructure are being constructed in many Russian cities now. In addition to new constructions, reconstruction and rebuilding of existing buildings is also being performed. Meanwhile, such construction objects are situated not only in open suburban areas but also in urban districts and city zones. Often it is necessary to dismantle or demolish old run-down buildings or distressed structures before constructing new buildings. Such works always cause large amounts of construction waste. To accommodate constructive materials for new structures and to store elements of disassembled buildings and construction wastes special storage grounds are used. Being of temporal nature, these storage grounds are not capable to ensure full protection of the environment from pollution. The team of employees of Samara State Technical University investigated several districts of the city of Samara. This investigation revealed that in all temporary dumping sites construction wastes amount to 8% and dumping sites of a mixed type containing construction wastes – to 35%. The majority of temporary dumping sites are removed in a short time. Mostly, it is done by collection and removal of construction waste to special waste landfills. At the same time, the investigation demonstrated that though these dumping sites are temporal, their existence causes environmental pollution of underlying open ground as repugnant substance penetrates the ground with rains and pollution of airspace as light pollutants are dispersed by wind. Moreover, even after these temporary dumping sites are removed, already polluted soil layers continue to pollute soils as a secondary pollutant source. The authors offer a technical solution which allow to carry out rehabilitation of polluted urban areas more effectively. In particular, it is recommended to remove waste from the temporary dumping sites stage by stage. At the first stage, off-site areas should be inspected and the extent of pollution (pollution depth) of underground layers should be estimated. At the next stage, a protective barrier in the ground around the dumping site and on the surface should be built. Only after that we recommend that wastes should be removed and sent to a waste recycling plant or to a specially equipped waste landfill. Then, it is required to cut off all polluted soils and to remove them to a special waste landfill for storage. Thus, this solution makes it possible to reduce the risk of secondary environmental pollution.

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Saleem, Aisha, Irum Naureen, Gulnaz Tasleem, Rabia Anwar, Mahnoor Mairaj, Huma Muddassar, and Nadia Jamshaid Rana. "Microbial Assisted Bioremediation of Polluted Water." Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 7, no. 4 (April 13, 2022): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2022.v07i04.001.

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Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremely sensitive at low concentrations and can be stored in food webs, posing a serious public health risk. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. The heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions.

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Saleem, Aisha, Irum Naureen, Gulnaz Tasleem, Rabia Anwar, Mahnoor Mairaj, Huma Muddassar, and Nadia Jamshaid Rana. "Microbial Assisted Bioremediation of Polluted Water." Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 7, no. 4 (April 13, 2022): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2022.v07i04.001.

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Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules. Water pollution is an issue of great concern worldwide, and it can be broadly divided into three main categories, that is, contamination by organic compounds, inorganic compounds (e.g., heavy metals), and microorganisms. A wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and algae, can act as biologically active methylators, which are able to at least modify toxic species. Microorganisms cannot destroy metals, they can alter their chemical properties via a surprising array of mechanisms. Different factors affect bioremediation include environmental factor biological factor, availability of nutrients, temperature, ph, and toxic compounds. Among organic pollutants, hydrocarbons may enter in water either directly by spills or effluents or indirectly from atmosphere. These metals are extremely sensitive at low concentrations and can be stored in food webs, posing a serious public health risk. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. The heavy metals associated with environmental contamination, for instance, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr), which are potentially hazardous to ecosystems. The types of microorganisms that are used in bioremediation processes due to their natural capacity to biosorb toxic heavy metal ions.

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Cheng, Kuang-Feng, Chien-Shu Tsai, Chu-Chuan Hsu, Szu-Chung Lin, Ting-Chung Tsai, and Jen-Yao Lee. "Emission Tax and Compensation Subsidy with Cross-Industry Pollution." Sustainability 11, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11040998.

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This paper establishes a cross-industry pollution externality model. To explain a benevolent government, it may be possible to tax part of the welfare gains and use the revenue to compensate the affected polluted industry for the damage cost, thereby improving welfare. We show that the social welfare under emission tax with production subsidy is higher than the results of emission tax without production subsidy. The welfare of the polluted sector under emissions trading will be lower than the results of unbalanced budget environmental policy with subsidy. The welfare of the polluted labor union under lobby for compensation will be higher than the results of environmental policy with subsidy if the pollution damage and the weight on political contributions are sufficiently high.

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