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1
Sun, Yizhi. "The first Russian newspaper in Shanghai (1918–1921)." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity 7, no. 1 (2022): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2022-7-1-31-39.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper deals with the history of first Russian newspaper in Shanghai: Russian section of «Shanghai Gazette». With a detailed analysis of this newspaper, I have succeeded in identifying five editorial staffs of the Russian section: the first SocialRevolutionary staff, the Bolshevik staff, the White Army staff, the second SocialRevolutionary staff and the Monarchic staff. The author concluded that the editorial staffs of Russian section don’t follow a policy of the Editor-in-chief Chen Youren, colleague of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. At that time the members of Kuomintang couldn’t clearly know about the political situation of Russia, and from 1918 to 1920 there were very few people in China who knew the Russian and could translate Russian articles into Chinese. This is why the Editor-in-chief Chen Youren hadn’t notice that there were a large number of anti-Bolshevik elements in his Kuomintang newspaper.
2
Robson, Jennifer. "Spending on Political Staffers and the Revealed Preferences of Cabinet: Examining a New Data Source on Federal Political Staff in Canada." Canadian Journal of Political Science 48, no. 3 (September 2015): 675–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423915000529.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThere is no unifying theory to guide the study of partisan political staff. The literature suggests staffers may be variously mechanisms for resolving principal-agent problems, extensions of centralized political control or spoils given as rewards inside the core executive. Annual Public Accounts data, available only since 2007, offer a promising new addition to the debate over federal exempt staffs. This paper presents descriptive and linear regression results on staffing expenditures for five years of federal data in Canada. Using the construct of “revealed preference,” predictors of variance in ministerial spending on staffing may provide new, objective information on their function in Canadian government. Results of this study demonstrate that quantitative methods can be applied to the study of political staff and may be a helpful addition as the field continues to develop, test and refine theory.
3
Hammond, Susan Webb. "Recent Research on Legislative Staffs." Legislative Studies Quarterly 21, no. 4 (November 1996): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/440461.
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Ohlsson, Alicia, Erik Hedlund, and Gerry Larsson. "Examining the relationship between personality, organizational political skill and perceived team performance in a multinational military staff exercise context." Journal of Military Studies 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jms-2016-0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Military staffs are composed of many smaller teams that are interdependent upon each other for a positive functioning level of the whole staff. Many factors can improve or harm the harmony of the staff. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the soft factors that may affect team performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the Big Five personality dimensions, political skill and perceived team performance in a multinational staff training event. The sample included 185 military staff officers (49% response rate). The results indicated that the personality dimension Emotional stability and Political skill had a limited, yet statistically significant, predictive power on team performance. Practical considerations and future research directions are suggested.
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Craft, Jonathan. "Revisiting the Gospel: Appointed Political Staffs and Core Executive Policy Coordination." International Journal of Public Administration 38, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2014.928316.
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Gerrity, Jessica C., Nancy S. Hardt, and Kathryn C. Lavelle. "The Interest Group—Staff Connection in Congress: Access and Influence in Personal, Committee, and Leadership Offices." PS: Political Science & Politics 41, no. 04 (October 2008): 913–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096508361277.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One manual for lobbyists in Congress warns those new to the trade that “winning the confidence of staff—and maintaining it thereafter—is a prerequisite to an ongoing, successful political relationship with any political office (Wolpe 1990).” The author then details the organization and loyalties among personal and committee staffs. One thing staffers have in common is that each specializes in an issue area and thus develops expertise over the issue, the players and politics of the committee, the legislative process, the interest groups, and the constituencies involved with the legislation (Wolpe 1990). Despite the wide-ranging literature on interest group activity in Congress, few distinctions are made between the efforts of lobbyists to influence staff, or ways in which the staff-interest group relationship varies in different types of offices.
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Palmer, Barbara, Laura van Assendelft, and Mary Stegmaier. "Revisiting the Presence of Women in Political Science Journal Editorial Positions." PS: Political Science & Politics 53, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096520000190.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTIn 2010, an analysis of the top 50 political science journals showed that women were reasonably well represented as editors, associate editors, and board members compared to their numbers as senior faculty at PhD-granting institutions. As the presence of women in the profession has increased, have women kept up in these editorial positions? Overall, the data from 2018 suggest that they have. Although women are still significantly underrepresented as editors and associate editors at journals with small editorial staffs, they are well represented at those with medium-sized and large staffs. The proportion of women as board members also has kept pace with the proportion of female senior faculty at PhD-granting institutions, especially at the top five journals in the profession. There is still significant variation among journals but little change in their rankings: journals with the highest proportion of women as editors, associate editors, and board members in 2010 continued to lead the way in 2018.
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Nursanti, Rachmi Retno, and Sulis Triyono. "Political-persuasive speech of Indonesian social affairs minister: Critical discourse analysis." LITERA 21, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v21i1.43273.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to identify the persuasive discourse used by Risma during her speech in the firsthand takeover of her position as Indonesian Minister of Social Affairs. Teun Van Dijk theory is chosen in this study due to the purpose of this study is critical discourse analysis. Teun Van Dijk theory divides three parts of critical discourse analysis; macrostructure, superstructure, and microstructure. During her speech, Risma used persuasive utterances to influence the audiences of the staffs in the Ministry of Social Affairs Indonesia. This research designed in qualitative approach. The researcher used content analysis combined with Teun Van Dijk theory in critical discourse analysis in analyzing the data. The findings showed that Risma eventually used particular expression to persuade the audiences. Risma tended to give examples related to the job function of Ministry of Social Affairs. These actions were supposed to engage the staffs work well at the government institution. This study contributes the future researchers to dig up critical discourse analysis in depth.Keywords: political, persuasive, critical discourse analysis, RismaPidato persuasif politis menteri sosial Indonesia: Analisis wacana kritisAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi wacana ajakan yang digunakan oleh Risma selama pidatonya dalam serah terima jabatan sebagai Menteri Sosial Indonesia. Teori Teun Van Dijk dipilih dalam penelitian ini dikarenakan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah analisis wacana kritis. Teori Teun Van Dijk membagi tiga bagian analisis wacana kritis, yaitu makrostruktur, superstruktur, dan mikrostruktur. Selama pidatonya, Risma menggunakan ucapan yang mengandung ajakan untuk mempengaruhi peserta yang mana mereka adalah staf Kementerian Sosial Indonesia. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan analisis isi yang dikombinasikan dengan teori Teun Van Dijk dalam analisis wacana kritis dalam menganalisa data. Temuan hasil meunjukkan bahwa Risma sering kali menggunakan ekspresi ajakan untuk membujuk para peserta. Risma memberikan contoh-contoh yang berhubungan dengan fungsi dari pekerjaan para staff di Kementerian Sosial. Aksi yang dilakukan Risma ini diharapkan dapat mengajak para staf untuk bekerja lebih baik di institusi pemerintahan. Penelitian ini juga bermanfaat bagi para peneliti lainnya untuk meneliti dan menganilis lebih dalam kajian wacana metode Van Dijk secara lebih dalam.Kata Kunci: politik, ajakan, analisis wacana kritis, Risma
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Kelly, Fiona. "Abusive Interactions: Research in Locked Wards for People with Dementia." Social Policy and Society 9, no. 2 (March 1, 2010): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474640999039x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper reports on a study in which unique access to three locked psycho-geriatric wards of a hospital allowed ethnographic exploration into everyday social worlds of fourteen people with dementia. Findings indicate abusive practice in the wards and show that participants in receipt of such practice responded with self-defence and resistance, but ultimately were defeated. In a development of Sabat's (2001) Selfs 1–3 framework, I identify how abusive practice arose due to staffs' inability to recognise different aspects of patients' self. Recommendations for practice include integrating a developed Selfs 1–3 framework into staff training and evaluating its impact on practice.
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Friedman, Sally, and Robert T. Nakamura. "The Representation of Women on U. S. Senate Committee Staffs." Legislative Studies Quarterly 16, no. 3 (August 1991): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/440105.
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TURNER, L. C. F. "The Role of the General Staffs in July 1914." Australian Journal of Politics & History 11, no. 3 (April 7, 2008): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1965.tb00440.x.
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Craft, Jonathan. "Appointed political staffs and the diversification of policy advisory sources: Theory and evidence from Canada." Policy and Society 32, no. 3 (September 2013): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polsoc.2013.07.003.
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Henschen, B. M., and E. I. Sidlow. "The Recruitment and Career Patterns of Congressional Committee Staffs: an Exploration." Political Research Quarterly 39, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591298603900410.
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Niklasson, Birgitta, Peter Munk Christiansen, and Patrik Öhberg. "Speaking truth to power: political advisers’ and civil servants’ responses to perceived harmful policy proposals." Journal of Public Policy 40, no. 3 (February 6, 2019): 492–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x18000508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractHow are civil servants and politically appointed advisers likely to respond to policy proposals that they believe will harm their countries severely even if they are legal? Based on the different loyalties and roles of political advisors (PA) and civil servants (CS), we hypothesise that (1) PAs are more likely to voice internally, (2) CSs are more likely to voice externally and (3) CSs in functionally politicised systems are more likely to stay silent. These hypotheses are tested on – and partially supported by – data collected through two surveys directed to the ministerial staffs in Denmark and Sweden. PAs are more likely to voice internally, but none of the two groups is particularly keen to voice externally. The propensity to voice concerns in case of perceived harmful policy proposals depends on the kind as well as the level of politicisation.
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Koger, Gregory, and Jennifer Nicoll Victor. "Polarized Agents: Campaign Contributions by Lobbyists." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 03 (June 26, 2009): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509090805.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTAre professional lobbyists loyal partisans? There are thousands of professional lobbyists in Washington, D.C., who work with members of Congress and their staffs, many of whom also make contributions to congressional candidates and political parties. Although many lobbyists have backgrounds in partisan politics, they may have incentives to give money to candidates from both parties. This article finds that professional lobbyists tend to make personal contributions to their preferred party exclusively.
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Lakoff, Robin T. "The rhetoric of the extraordinary moment." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 309–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.11.3.04lak.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The speeches delivered by Al Gore and George W. Bush at the conclusion of the contested 2000 U.S. presidential campaign are of especial interest because they represent a type of political speech that is virtually unique and, because the speakers and their staffs had no previous models to fall back upon, as spontaneous as political utterance currently gets. This paper analyzes those speeches, focusing on the relationships between their forms and what their speakers feel they have to do, and finds interesting similarities as well as differences, in style and content, between them.
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Nurhayati, Cucu, and Hamka Hasan. "PENERIMAAN PARTAI POLITIK ISLAM DI PTAIN:." Dialog 38, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47655/dialog.v38i1.36.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta is an institution representing Islam as values, religion, ideology, rituals, and symbols. With these characters, Islamic political parties gain a high sympathy in this institution. Having approximately 25,000 students, 1000 academic and administrative staffs, UIN should have been a mass basis for Islamic political parties. Despite the assumption that Islamic community is a potential vote raiser for Islamic political parties, the parties were not significantly considered by the UIN Jakarta academicians. This study focuses on the students’ acceptance on political parties by their party affiliations. 450 respondents were questioned on this matter and 51,1% of them stated that they are not affiliated or a part of Islamic political parties (while the 48,9% stated that they are). Only 42% of respondents (140 students) are affiliated to Islamic parties, while 58% are not.
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Woodhouse, Abbie, and Sarah Craven-Staines. "A systematic review exploring the role of gender in staffs experience of working with sexual offenders." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 7, no. 4 (October 13, 2021): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-04-2021-0018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Although literature surrounding sexual criminality is growing; with recent research, this paper aims to focus more upon burnout and emotional impact in therapists who study with sex offenders, little is known about possible gender differences in their experiences. Design/methodology/approach The study presents a systematic review that aims to provide an impartial critical examination of relevant existing literature, with the main aim of exploring the role of gender (both the staff members and the clients) in staffs’ experience of working with sexual offenders. Findings Findings retrieved 10 eligible studies indicating evidence of the influential role in which gender plays in the experienced staff may have when working with sexual offenders. Studies within the review demonstrated variability in views towards sexual offenders across genders; with studies finding female staff to hold more positive perceptions of sexual offenders. Further evidence suggested a global impact of working with the client group; with professionals holding differential and largely more positive views of sexual offenders than the general public. However, an adverse impact of working with sexual offenders was highlighted, particularly for staff who have worked longest within their role or have increased frequency of contact. Research limitations/implications Limitations were highlighted in relation to the reviews ability to truly explore gender; given there are no current studies within this research area defining gender beyond male and female, losing the voices of those non-binary and transgendered individuals. Practical implications The paper includes implications for staff working with sexual offenders; including adverse affects of the clinical contact and the impact of working with same/opposing gendered clients. Research also takes a gender informed stance in exploring how staff gender impacts the relationships with sexual offenders, and the effect this may have on client outcomes. Originality/value Research is the first of its kind in taking a systematic approach to exploring the current literature surrounding staffs experiences of working with sexual offenders, through a gender informed lens.
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Tonry, Michael. "The Politics and Processes of Sentencing Commissions." Crime & Delinquency 37, no. 3 (July 1991): 307–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128791037003001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Prison overcrowding has intensified interest in sentencing commissions and guidelines. Minnesota and Washington have demonstrated that such systems can conserve state resources and buffer political pressures while achieving a reasonably consistent and accountable sentencing system. More commissions fail, however, than succeed. The successes have been characterized by talented staffs, adequate resources, effective political leadership, and processes that encompass all affected constituencies. Difficult policy issues, such as abolition of mandatory sentencing laws, should be faced at the outset. Where criminal justice policy is so politicized that hard choices cannot be addressed, the sentencing commission approach is likely to fail.
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Heinzel, Mirko, and Andrea Liese. "Managing performance and winning trust. how world bank staff shapes recipient performance." Review of International Organizations 16, no. 3 (March 2, 2021): 625–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11558-021-09414-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractWorld Bank evaluations show that recipient performance varies substantially between different projects. Extant research has focused on country-level variables when explaining these variations. This article goes beyond country-level explanations and highlights the role of World Bank staff. We extend established arguments in the literature on compliance with the demands of International Organizations (IOs) and hypothesize that IO staff can shape recipient performance in three ways. First, recipient performance may be influenced by the quality of IO staff monitoring and supervision. Second, the leniency and stringency with which IO staff apply the aid agreement could improve recipient performance. Third, recipient performance may depend on whether IO staff can identify and mobilize supportive interlocutors through their networks in the recipient country. We test these arguments by linking a novel database on the tenure of World Bank task team leaders to projects evaluated between 1986 and 2020. The findings are consistent with the expectation that World Bank staff play an important role, but only in investment projects. There is substantial evidence that IO staffs’ supervisory ability and country experience are linked to recipient performance in those projects. Less consistent evidence indicates that leniency could matter. These findings imply that World Bank staff play an important role in facilitating implementation of investment projects.
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Harvey, Graham. "Afterword: what staffs and paths do – a new animist contribution to studying pilgrimage." Religion, State and Society 50, no. 2 (March 15, 2022): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2022.2052541.
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Schepens, Florent. "Participer pour rendre le travail possible. Les « staffs » en unités de soins palliatifs." Sociologie du travail 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/sdt.1796.
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Fraser, Martin William. "Elephant in the room." Journal of Integrated Care 27, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jica-07-2018-0046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of the first stage of a project seeking to evaluate and overcome inter-professional barriers between health and social care staff within a single, co-located, integrated community team. The project seeks to answer the following questions: first, Do inter-professional barriers to integrated working exist between health and social care staff at the interface of care delivery? Second, If inter-professional barriers exist, can joint health and social care assessments help to overcome them? The paper develops the current evidence base through findings from a staff questionnaire and the initial findings of a pilot study of joint health and social care assessments aimed at overcoming inter-professional barriers to integration. Design/methodology/approach The first stage of the project involved running an anonymous, online questionnaire with health and social care staff within a single, co-located community adult health and social care team. The questionnaire aimed to explore staffs’ perceptions of inter-professional collaboration when assessing the health and care needs of service users with a high degree of complexity of need. The second element of the study presents the initial findings of a small pilot of joint health and social care assessments. A second staff survey was used in order to provide a “before and after” comparative analysis and to demonstrate the effect of joint assessments on staffs’ perceptions of inter-professional collaboration at the interface of care delivery. Findings Health and social care staff value joint working as a means of improving quality of care. However, they also felt that inter-professional collaboration did not occur routinely due to organisational limitations. Staff members who participated in the pilot of joint assessments believed that this collaborative approach improved their understanding of other professional roles, was an effective means of enabling others to understand their own roles and helped to better identify the health and care needs of the most complex service users on their caseloads. Initial findings suggest that joint assessments may be a practical means of overcoming inter-professional barriers related to a lack of communication and lack of understanding of job roles. Practical implications The questionnaires highlighted the need for integration strategies that are aimed at facilitating collaborative working between staff of different professions, in order to achieve the aims of integration, such as a reduction in duplication of work and hand-offs between services. Originality/value To date, few studies have explored either staff perceptions of collaborative working or the effectiveness of joint assessments as a means of overcoming inter-professional barriers. This paper adds new data to an important area of integration that legislators and researchers increasingly agree requires more focus. Although the findings are limited due to the small scale of the initial pilot, they provide interesting and original data that will provide insight into future workforce integration strategies.
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Tomaszewski, Norbert. "How the internet has influenced political campaigns in the United States in the 20th century." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2019.24.4.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern political campaigns in the United States need to combine the use of traditional and new media in order to let the candidate win. The emergement of social media allowed the campaign staffs to create a bond with the voter, through sharing and evaluating the content uploaded by the candidate. Nowadays, with the help of the internet, candidate is able to spend less time and money on the campaign, while interacting with a much bigger number of followers. The internet, however, is a rather new invention and only in the 21st century more than 50% of Americans started to use it on a daily basis. The study aims at determining how did the presidential candidates in the United States try to attract the voter with the help of the World Wide Web – what is more, it’s goal is to answer what kind of voter used the internet back in the 20th century and what kind of candidate would have the biggest chance to attract him.
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Jonathan, Ijatuyi Enioluwa, and Mokone Bontle. "A Narrative Review of the Assessment of Extension and Advisory Services on an Agricultural Development Project in North-West Province, South Africa." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 25, no. 2 (August 15, 2018): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2018.25207.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effectiveness of agricultural extension work relies upon the accessibility of staffs that are qualified, roused, conferred and receptive to the consistently evolving social, financial and political condition. This narrative seeks to highlight the role that extension and advisory services play on a specific Agricultural Development Programme Project in North-West Province of South Africa. It also explores how best the provincial government can ensure that policies are developed and timely interventions are delivered with the needs of the farmers being considered first. Recommendations for rapid growth in the cattle and livestock industry in the province were also suggested.
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Moore, Steve. "Safeguarding vulnerable older people: a job for life?" Journal of Adult Protection 18, no. 4 (August 8, 2016): 214–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-02-2016-0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the findings from one component of an empirical, mixed methods research project designed to determine the extent, nature and causes of abuse in contemporary independent sector care homes for older people. Design/methodology/approach – A self-completion, postal questionnaire was used to elicit both numerical and textual data that were subsequently subjected to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The questionnaire was distributed to newly appointed care staff in five participating care homes to determine the nature of any abuse they may have witnessed in the homes in which they had previously worked. Findings – A significant proportion of respondents described instances of predominantly psychological and physical abuse and neglect and revealed hitherto undisclosed abusive practices. Research limitations/implications – Though the research draws upon the experiences of only 140 anonymous questionnaire respondents, of whom 94 had witnessed abuse, data suggest abuse continues to occur in some care homes for older people. Originality/value – The research has revealed staffs’ recent experiences of a range of abusive acts and practices. Findings suggest that changes are required to current methods of external scrutiny and investigation of practices in care homes.
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Moore, Steve. "Oops! Its happened again! Evidence of the continuing abuse of older people in care homes." Journal of Adult Protection 20, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-06-2017-0026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present findings from an empirical research project designed to enhance knowledge of the current extent and nature of abuse in contemporary care homes for older people. Design/methodology/approach A self-completion, postal questionnaire was used to elicit both numerical and textual data that was subsequently subjected to both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The questionnaire was distributed to newly appointed care staff in six participating care homes providing care to older people to determine the nature of any abuse they may have witnessed in the homes in which they had previously worked. Findings A significant proportion of respondents described instances of predominantly psychological and physical abuse and neglect. Research limitations/implications Though the research draws upon the experiences of only 194 anonymous questionnaire respondents, of whom 140 had witnessed abuse; data suggest that abuse continues to occur in some care homes for older people. Originality/value The research has revealed staffs’ recent experiences of a range of abusive acts and practices. Findings suggest that changes are required to current methods of external scrutiny and investigation of practices in care homes.
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Danner, Leno Francisco. "Politics, Institutions and Social Struggles: Beyond Pure Normativism and Strong Institutionalism in Political Theory." Revista Estudos Políticos 8, no. 15 (December 10, 2019): 49–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/rep.v8i15.39829.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, I criticize the tendency in contemporary philosophical-political theory to affirm both pure normativism and strong institutionalism as the heart of democracy, denying a political core not only to social classes, but also to social struggles, which define the main social, cultural and political dynamics, institutionalized and non-institutionalized. The association between pure normativism and strong institutionalism leads, on the one hand, to the separation and opposition between normative foundations and social classes and social struggles, as well as, on the other hand, to the institutional monopolization both of political legitimation and social evolution, because institutions exclusively assume the guard, the legitimation and the public boosting of social normativism. Pure normativism and strong institutionalism, in other words, reduce politics to institutional and systemic politics, as they reduce political subjects to institutional legal staffs, as political parties and technical elites, attributing a peripheral role to social classes and social struggles, a peripheral role also to the politicity of social and institutional life. I argue that this harmful tendency of many philosophical-political theories, fundamentally in the spectrum of liberalism and social democracy, which suffer from a historical-sociological blindness, must be substituted with the affirmation of the centrality of social classes as the real political subjects of social evolution, as well as of the centrality of social struggles as the political-normative basis to the definition of institutional designs, social evolution and economic structures
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Miller, Mark C. "Courts, Agencies, and Congressional Committees: A Neo-Institutional Perspective." Review of Politics 55, no. 3 (1993): 471–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500017630.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on over 75 personal interviews with members of Congress and their staffs, this article examines how three House authorization committees differ in their reactions to federal court decisions versus their reactions to federal agency decisions. In general, Congress holds the courts in higher esteem than it does the agencies. The courts are generally seen as less political than the agencies, and committee reactions to court decisions are seen as much more unusual than reactions to agency decisions. The attitudes of the three committees toward decisions of the other institutions vary in ways consonant with their institutional roles, the committees' political cultures, and the primary goals of the committee members. The domination of lawyer members on the policy oriented Judiciary Committee results in that committee being the most deferential to the courts. The constituency focused Interior Committee is oriented to local interests and members' reelection goals, and it responds to the courts or to agencies only when constituency pressures force it to do so. The power oriented Energy and Commerce Committee treats the courts and the agencies just like any other political actors.
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Zhang, Li. "Strategic Analysis on the Construction of Class Culture in Colleges and Universities." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, no. 10 (October 27, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i10.2644.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In schools, the basic unit is a class, and each class is composed of different groups of students. In order to strengthen college education and improve the quality of education, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis and research on classes. A variety of organizations of college students constitute classes. As the manifestation of these organizations, classes carry out ideological and political education for students. In order to promote students’ progress and development, an excellent class culture should be established. On that premise, it is necessary to strengthen ideological and political education for students, ensure more coordination between education and culture, as well as improve students’ cultural literacy, management system, and the safety of campus life. This study focuses on the strategy of building class culture in colleges and universities, hoping that relevant staffs may be able to use this as a reference.
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Šidlauskienė, Virginija, and Rasa Pocevičienė. "The Comparative Analysis of Sexual Violence and Harassment at the piloting Universities of Cyprus and Lithuania." Informacijos mokslai 92 (July 2, 2021): 90–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2021.92.53.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The sociocultural contexts of higher education institutions form the background for gender-based violence in professional structures and environment of academia. The article presents the comparative analysis of sexual violence and the reasons for its (non-)disclosure at the universities in Lithuania and Cyprus. The findings of focus group interviews conducted within the framework of the Ending Sexual Harassment and Violence in Third Level Education (ESHTE) project, co-funded by the European Union, have been summarized in the present research. The focus group participants from each partner university involved university teachers, administrative staff, counselors and university students. The research was conducted during a 3-month period between 2017 and 2018. The main aim was to investigate university staffs’ and students’ experiences in the disclosures of the cases of sexual violence and harassment (SVH) in university environment and campus, as well as their awareness of existing procedures and policies in handling the cases of SVH. Their personal experiences, attitudes and beliefs of SVH, as well as any suggestions they have towards the improvement of disclosures of SVH are discussed in the article.
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Kim, Heesuk. "A Study on the Dynamics of ‘State-Society’ Relations and Healthcare in Myanmar: Focusing on the Implications of the Civil Disobedience Movement." Korean Association of Area Studies 40, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 65–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29159/kjas.40.2.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The civil disobedience movement launched by medical staffs at public hospitals in response to the coup conducted by Myanmar's military in 2021 shows the perception that the political crisis triggered by the coup is more fatal to the safety and health of the people of this country than the health crisis caused by COVID-19. Myanmar's healthcare system has gone backwards over the past 50 years under military rule. Myanmar has established systems and policies aimed at universal health security from a very early age, but the reality has shown a big gap with it. Rather, most people’s right to health has been seriously violated as the military, which reigns over the people as a ‘state within a state’ exclusively monopolizes scarce healthcare resources and utilizes them politically. This situation had undermined public health system and resulted in catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditures accounting for more than 70% of total healthcare spending of this country. Therefore, it can be said that Myanmar's healthcare crisis is fundamentally caused by a political crisis. By examining the implications of the civil disobedience movement and the characteristics and limitations of Myanmar's health care policy, this article emphasizes that the improvement of Myanmar's poor healthcare should start with resetting the multi-layered 'state-society' relations, which has been marked by long conflicts.
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Tegenbos, Guy. "Sociale verkiezingen 1987 : Kaderleden verzwakken traditionele vakbonden." Res Publica 30, no. 2-3 (September 30, 1988): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v30i2-3.18901.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In 1987 the centre-right coalition was able to break through partially the triopoly of the three trade unions - the christian ACV, the socialist ABVV en the liberal ACLVB - by admitting to the four-yearly social elections separate lists of candidates for the members of the executive staffs.As a result of this, the position of the three unions weakened. The decline was most strongly felt by the ABVV; the socialist union lost 2.6 %. The minor loss of 0.7 % enabled the christian ACV to regain its position as the strongest Belgian union, a position which was taken for the first time in 1979 and was lost again in the elections of 1983.After thë recent social elections, neither the unions (43.7 % ), nor the « independent » National Confederation of the Executive Staff Members (34 .1 %), nor the individual lists of the members of the executive staffs (222 %) can cÏaim io be « the representator » of the members of the executive staffs.Through the analysis of the 1987 results, it is found once more that social elections are little affected by political events. The results of the social elections are in no way correlated to the results of the politicalelections.
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Chen, Ssu-Hsien. "Who Cares: Stakeholder participation and the Use of Performance Information in Strategic Planning." Chinese Public Administration Review 8, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v8i2.125.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Performance measurement translates organizational goals into objectives and actions. In empirical performance information scores and ranks functional departments and subordinates based on their implementation capacity— such capacity indexes could be linked to strategic planning and its adjustment. Previous research in strategic plans and performance measurement focused on the nature of performance information. This study further detects how it relates to different stakeholders’ interests and capacity. Does various stakeholders’ participation in strategic plans enhance the use of performance information in the planning process? Do external stakeholders generate different effect on the use of performance information if compared to internal stakeholders? The author attempts to answer these questions by examining whether external stakeholders (including interest groups and citizen groups) and internal stakeholders (including Chief Administrative Officers, local government staffs and elected officials’) participation in strategic plans could positively influence the application of performance information in strategic planning. Data are mainly from International City/County Management Association (ICMA) “State of the Profession” survey in 2006. The methods of logistic regression and predicted probability are employed. The statistical results show that the participation of CAOs, local government staffs and elected officials are positively and significantly influence the application of performance information to strategic planning. Based on technical rationality, managerial effectiveness and political accountability, internal stakeholders can generate a more significant effect on the use of performance information than external stakeholders.
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Lomatey, Isaac Toku, Frank Takyi, Smile Dzisi, and Joshua Ofori-Amanfo. "SME Growth and Performance: Examining performance dimensions, drivers and Barriers." International Journal of Technology and Management Research 5, no. 2 (July 11, 2020): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v5i2.88.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined SME performance dimensions, including the drivers and barriers to the growth of SMEs. Data for the study was collected from 175 respondents comprising CEOs, MDs and other staffs from SMEs in the Eastern region using the survey method. Data was analyzed using SmartPLS software. The study established that shared responsibility between management and staff, strong leadership and economic opportunities are key factors influencing growth. Entrepreneurial knowledge, experience and educational background are highly predicted when it comes to performance dimension of growth and financial sustainability. However, turbulent marketing conditions; lack of focus and strategic direction resulting from the owner’s absence; lack of financing, managerial and technical skills; poor political and economic environment together with the influx of foreign goods on the domestic market were established to adversely affect firm growth. SMEs’ growth would, undoubtedly, contribute significantly to improvement in Ghana’s GDP, with the potential for job creation for the increasing youth population, hence, appropriate political leadership is required to drive the agenda of SME growth. It is therefore recommended that responsible state agencies such as Ministry of Trade and Industry, NBSSI, in collaboration with financial institutions design and advance soft financial loans and/or assistance to identified distressed SMEs through their registered associations. Besides, government should rope SMEs in the implementation of its One District One Factory policy to attract the necessary state support.
Citation: Lomatey Isaac Toku, Frank Takyi, Smile Dzisi, and Joshua Ofori-Amanfo. SMEs growth and performance: performance dimensions, drivers and Barriers, 2020; 5(2): 36-47.
Received: March 8, 2019 Accepted: March 31, 2020
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Moore, Steve. "See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil? Underreporting of abuse in care homes." Journal of Adult Protection 18, no. 6 (December 12, 2016): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-07-2016-0014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present some of the findings from an empirical, mixed methods research project that reveal underreporting and active concealment of abuse in private sector care homes. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 36 care home personnel. An anonymously completed questionnaire was also used concurrently among newly appointed staff in newly opened care homes, to elicit additional quantitative and qualitative data. Findings A significant number of respondents reported awareness of acts of abuse that had not been reported within the care home or externally to the authorities. Some respondents were aware that where occurrences of abuse had been reported, no subsequent action was taken, and external authorities were not always involved in responses to abuse. A significant number of respondents were aware of deliberate strategies used to deter reports of abuse to external agencies. Research limitations/implications Though the research draws upon the experiences of only 36 care home personnel through interviews, and 94 questionnaire respondents who had witnessed occurrences of abuse, data suggest that a significant proportion of abuse in care homes remains unreported. Originality/value The research has revealed staffs’ experiences of underreporting of abuse in private sector care homes. Findings indicate that changes are required to current methods of scrutiny of occurrences of abuse in care homes and the strengthening of incentives to report it.
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Hellawell, David. "Some Effects of the National Dispute on the Relationships between Head Teachers and School Staffs in Primary Schools." British Journal of Sociology of Education 11, no. 4 (December 1990): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0142569900110403.
Повний текст джерела
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Calltorp, Johan. "Consensus Development Conferences in Sweden: Effects on Health Policy and Administration." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 4, no. 1 (January 1988): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300003287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractSeven consensus development conferences have been held in Sweden since 1982. The conferences, sponsored by the Swedish Medical Research Council and Spri, typically examine social, organizational, and economic aspects of technology, and therefore, generate consensus statements of interest not only to physicians but also to politicians and health administrators.The study presented here examines the influence of the first five consensus development conferences on politicians and health administrators. Data was obtained via a mail questionnaire and personal interviews with leading individuals in these groups. More than half of the respondents indicated that they had found the statements from one or more conferences to be of practical value as a basis for discussing specific technologies with medical staffs. In some cases the statements directly influenced political decisions.
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Eades, David N. "Managing stressors in a detention facility: the need for supporting and safeguarding staff." Journal of Adult Protection 22, no. 3 (April 13, 2020): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-12-2019-0040.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This paper aims to explore the impact of stressors and the strategies staff use to cope with these at a detention facility. It documents through case studies some of the triggers of trauma, possible coping mechanisms that might assist in navigating the associated stressors in a workplace and recommendations as to what might assist staff. Design/methodology/approach A naturalist approach was used in this research, using an ethnographic qualitative methodology. Grounded theory assisted in the analysis of the data to capture naturalistically the subjective experience of the participants of the study. Conversations occurred with staff who had worked in a detention facility using face to face semi-structured interviews. The structure was open-ended to allow the staff to discuss and share their experiences freely. Findings Stressors that impacted staff working in a detention facility resulted from areas such as heightened reactions from detainees because of the length of their detainment, detainee self-harm, dealing with the effects of an increase of substance abuse through detainees obtaining contraband and the associated violent reactions that can occur as a result. Adverse symptoms noted within the lives of staff included acute anxiety, sleeplessness, depression and tension within impersonal relationships, including family. What compounded the issue was staffs’ reluctance to talk about work stressors. Research limitations/implications The research used nine participants for case studies of staff who had formerly experienced various adverse impacts of stressors. This is not a comprehensive study, however, of the broader experiences of staff at an Australian detention facility. It does provide, however, a snapshot of the experiences of a small group who had significantly been impacted by the stressors of the workplace. Practical implications This paper provides fresh perspectives or initiatives that are needed to assist staff to navigate the changing environment of working in a detention facility. In particular, some support mechanisms and protective factors that could be put in place to curb the negative impact of stressors in the workplace and to mitigate against long term stress disorders developing in the personal lives of staff. Social implications Many staff are not getting the help they need to cope with the emotional distress they experience in their workplace. However, there are practical interventions to support staff in managing the stressors they face. These will be outlined in this article. Originality/value This study was carried out with the goal of giving staff a voice and to capture their former experiences in their vocational responsibilities in a venue that has had very limited research attention. This study has presented the challenges staff faced in a unique venue of working in a detention facility. It has documented some of the common stressors staff faced, the impact of such and some coping mechanisms used to handle them.
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Sangjeli, S., and A. M. M. Mustafa. "Analysis of the Background for the Failures of Poverty Alleviation Programmes Special Reference to Trincomalee District, Sri Lanka." GIS Business 14, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i3.4426.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Poverty is the main problem in the world. In fact, poverty is recognized as the main factor that influence for the economic growth of a country. Apparently, many regions are still have the problem of poverty and make effort to reduce poverty. Consequently the scholars found the factors affecting poverty alleviation programmes are community participation, integrative framework, knowledge, stakeholder engagement, network, safety and security, redeployment, state of the programme, legislation and support, governance, political factors, corruption, lack of involvement, communication problems, problems of rural development programme, social sector and poverty, unemployment and the labor market, vulnerability of the poor, poor targeting. In collecting data Quantitative, methods were used. The primary data was gathered from Divisional secretariats staffs who are directly involved in the poverty alleviation Programmes has considered for this research in the Trincomalee district. There are 11 divisional secretariat in the district. Therefore, 500 questionnaires issued to those division. The analysis shows that political factors has a very strong correlation while communication and involvement has strong correlation. Moreover, knowledge has a negative correlation
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Madonna, Anthony. "APSA Fellowship with the Congressional Research Service." PS: Political Science & Politics 46, no. 03 (June 21, 2013): 700–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096513000929.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Serving as an APSA Congressional Fellow had been a goal of mine since I started graduate school. The fellowship provided an opportunity to examine the congressional policy-making process first hand. And while I had worked on congressional campaigns, in state legislative offices, and supervised student internships, I had no direct experience working on Capitol Hill for Congress. In addition, the program was highly recommended by senior colleagues who had served as fellows themselves. Nearly all of them had worked on the staffs of individual congressional members and found the experience served to better inform both their research and teaching. When I found out I would be serving as a fellow for the 2012–13 academic year, my plan was to spend that year in a congressional member office as well.
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Beswick, Danielle, and Stephen Elstub. "Between Diversity, Representation and ‘Best Evidence’: Rethinking Select Committee Evidence-Gathering Practices." Parliamentary Affairs 72, no. 4 (September 3, 2019): 945–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsz035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Select committees play an important role in scrutinising government policy. They have come under increasing pressure to seek evidence for their inquiries—including both formal and informal evidence—from a wider range of stakeholders. Two particular pressures can be observed within this trend. First, committees are expected to show commitment to hearing from a more diverse set of stakeholders. The second pressure relates to the representativeness of those providing evidence. Consequently, they have been urged to increase public engagement. The recent Citizens’ Assembly into adult social care points to one mechanism for engaging a ‘mini-public’ in committee inquiries. Due to their use of random and stratified sampling to recruit participants, mini-publics could diversify the evidence base and facilitate public scrutiny of the committees. However, we know little of what committee members and staffs think about these issues. In this article, we draw insights from over 60 interviews with select committee chairs, members and staff to gain insight into their perspectives on evidence diversity and the potential of mini-publics to promote this. We find that traditional approaches to inquiries are still favoured. While mini-publics are seen as a solution to the failings of current approaches to public engagement, this is for instrumental reasons, meaning that they are only valued in particular circumstances. Ultimately, further culture change is required if committee inquiries are to move substantially beyond the traditional approach.
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Gyanwali, Shrijan, and John C. Walsh. "Influencing Factors of Organizational Performance in Nepal Airlines Corporation." International Business Research 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v13n1p268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of the study is to evaluate performance influencing factors in Nepal Airlines Corporation (NAC) through mixed research method, qualitative and quantitative analysis. The primary data were obtained from in-depth interview with fifteen government and NAC executives. Secondary data were collected from Nepal Government, NAC publications and International Air Transport Association (IATA).
Revenue generation and passenger movement rate is found with average performance. Motivated employee, entrepreneurial marketing, collective leadership, ownership feeling of government and environmental support were explored as key performance factors. Sophisticated technology, airworthiness, and international standard and recommended practice were found as unique features. Lack of aircraft, unfair political influence and alienation of staffs in unionism were identified the reasons of lacking the business growth.
A performance framework is proposed which comprises entrepreneurial marketing (proactiveness, risk taking, innovativeness, opportunity focused, resource leveraging, customer intensity and value creation), collective leadership, sophisticated technology and sufficient number of modern aircrafts, service reliability and safety, and government support. The study recommends Nepal government to take ownership of NAC, and adopt fair and professional management practice rather than political quota distribution in its governing body, board of directors.
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Shome, Samik, and Yuvika Gupta. "A reflection of Indian higher education system: An academic labour market perspective." Research in Education 106, no. 1 (September 4, 2018): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034523718793162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The education sector significantly affects the economic, political and social development of any nation and is a key to enhance country’s competitiveness in the global economy. Higher education is critical to India’s aspirations of emerging as a major player in the global knowledge economy. This paper takes a comprehensive look at the various stages of growth of higher education in India. It also examines the degree to which a labour market for academic staffs has developed in Indian education sector and explores its implications for academic professionals, their careers and work. It analyses the key elements and characteristics of this market. The paper draws and builds on findings from official national data and also evidence-based reports subject to secondary analysis. In conclusion the paper argues that there is a degree of insularity in the Indian academic market.
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Chafetz, Janet Saltzman, Jon Lorence, and Christine Larosa. "Gender Depictions of the Professionally Employed: A Content Analysis of Trade Publications, 1960–1990." Sociological Perspectives 36, no. 1 (March 1993): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389442.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Visual gender depictions in six trade publications are examined in decennial years from 1960 through 1990 to assess whether greater female participation in professional occupations and editorial staffs has helped reduce gender stereotyping of professional women. Greater relative numbers of women in the occupation over time and an increasing share of female editors result in more favorable portrayals of women as professional, confident, independent, and attractive. Although the positive portrayal of women by male-dominated professional journals increased over the last four decades, more male-oriented professional publications still display women less favorably than occurs in female-dominant trade journals. Separate analyses by visual type reveal that women are depicted in a less positive manner across advertisements than other visuals, probably because women have less control of ad content. Findings indicate the importance of agents who control visual depictions for the maintenance or reduction of gender stereotyping in the professions. Likely ramifications of such stereotypes for women professionals and for professional behavior in general are discussed.
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Gilano, Girma, and Samuel Hailegebreal. "Assessment of Educational Quality and Associated Factors: The Case of Arba Minch College of Health Sciences in 2017, South Ethiopia." Education Research International 2021 (March 18, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8854366.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Over the decades, improving the quality of education has been pronounced frequently in many studies. It became a political argument in different media across the globe and the theme of courtesy among scientists. The concern about education is not something you ignore or consider later, so the attempts to improve are increasing with the quality matter going longer and continuing to date. Thus, the primary aim of this work was to assess the quality of education and its associated factors for the future improvement in the study site. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba Minch College of Health Sciences (AMCHS) students and staff from all departments. Ethical clearance was received and verbal consent was secured beforehand. After processing, data was entered into Epi Info and then transferred and analyzed in SPSS 25.0. Result and Discussion. The overall quality of education in the college was 2.87 ± 1.12. Administrative services, reading places, and resources took a larger share of poor quality. Accessibility, friendliness of staffs to each other and students, availability of clear guideline of conduct, presence of effective, accurate, and promotive services, high standard administrative buildings, availability of standard catering service, availability of standard laboratories, communication, and exchanges with similar level colleges in the region, weekly time table, weekly load, distance, etc. and some sociodemographic factors were associated with poor quality of education. Thus, the college inquired to welcome the aforementioned shortcomings improvement and to provide enough solutions.
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Asadi, Mehdi, Foad Pour Arian, Hussein Abadian, and Mohammad Hasan Raz Nahan. "Police Department and Press Censorship in the First Pahlavi Era." Asian Social Science 12, no. 11 (October 13, 2016): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n11p54.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>The press as the most important mass media and as a tool for directing public opinion in the First Pahlavi Era faced many ups and downs. Alteration in the political system, the tendency toward dictatorship government and the implementation of pseudo-modernist programs affect the existence of press. In this period, the press had to write in congruence and in sync with the government programs, otherwise they were no longer survival. The synchronization of press with the government programs and the censorship of public opinion, against the government were entrusted to the Police Department. The press censorship, contrary to common view, was not done in a systematic and specified framework and structure and, depending on the King’s view, the civilian statesmen, staffs and police chiefs were different. The present article tries to analyze the way of implementation of censorship policy and the extent of penetration and interference of police department in this case through using descriptive and analytical method.</p>
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Arifin, Muhammad Patri. "KARAKTERISTIK DAKWAH KHULAFA AL-RASYIDIN." Al-Mishbah | Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah dan Komunikasi 13, no. 1 (July 15, 2017): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/al-mishbah.vol13.iss1.81.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After the Prophet Muhammad passed away, Islamic propagation was carried out the Prophet’s companions, such as Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali, known as Khulafa’ Rashidin (rightly guided caliphs). Their mission of da’wah was never deviated from the teachings of the Prophet, but carried out with different practices. Abu Bakr, for example, paid special attention to the spread of true way of life. Because of his efforts, most Arabs converted to Islam. After Abu Bakr’s caliphate, Umar managed Islamic government and effective administration. At Uthman’s period, he extinguished rebellion that occurred in some areas, and expanded the reign of Islam that halted in the caliphate of Umar. In addition, Uthman’s spectacular effort is the collection and writing of the Quran, later known as the Ottoman Manuscripts. In his period, Ali applied the principle of equality among Muslims, while a political aspect, he was very decisive in supervising his staffs and officials (local authorities).
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Sanisah, Siti. "KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN PENDIDIKAN DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH." Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Bisnis (JPEB) 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpeb.003.1.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The research aimedat exploring the education budget policies that carried out in the context of regional autonomy concerning to: formulation, content, implementation, evaluation and policy impact.The research was qualitative and using deep interviews,observations and focus group discussions.The source of information were the related staffs of Educational Board, Regional Development Planning Bureau, Local government and legislatives in Lombok Tengah which then run on purposive and snowball sampling technique. It was concluded that formulation stages applied three main approaches namely participatory, technocratic and political. The contents of the budget policymet the demands of budgeting regulation (20%), but still focus on infrastructure development and bureaucratic spending. The implementation process using a top down approach that automatically implementer predominantly from government agencies. The resultswere still below of the standards (criteria) that have been defined previously on planning stage. Finally, the impact provided less social benefit to the community.
Keywords: policy of analysis and educational budgeting
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Alhasani, Mirela Dubali. "Educational Turning Point in Albania: No More Mechanic Parrots but Critical Thinkers." Journal of Educational Issues 1, no. 2 (December 9, 2015): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v1i2.8464.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>Since 2004 Albanian academics have been making efforts to establish the best Western practices of academic writing associated with critical thinking and writing skills for university students. In this article, I will shed light upon the special challenges and peculiarities the establishment of Academic Writing discipline has encountered in Albania over the years of educational transformation in the broad framework of democratic political transition. I argue that the socio-political indoctrination of the society during five decades of communist dictatorship has delayed the cultivation of critical thinking, reading and, consequently, critical writing skills for academic and occupational opportunities. Moreover, the research will not be limited only to causal factors of delay, instead, it will pave the way to recommendations that accelerate the successful acquisition and possession of such crucial academic writing skills for Albanian university graduates and academia in general.</p><p>First, I provide literature on definition of critical thinking and its improvement through writing courses; next I depict the typical political indoctrination of students during communist dictatorship tracing the legacy of mechanic reading and the huge lack of critical discourse even among the academic staffs themselves; later on I discuss the contemporary academic focus being placed upon the need of critical academic writing to prepare independent thinkers successful to face the democratic transition. Finally, and most importantly, I offer substantial suggestions and recommendations how to implement successfully the Western Academic writing tradition in the higher education curricula by taking into consideration Albania’s educational legacy.</p>