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Статті в журналах з теми "Political professionalisation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 5 жовтня 2024

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1

Humble, Darryl. "Recasting professionalisation: Understanding self-legitimating professionalisation as a precursor to neoliberal professionalisation." Geoforum 106 (November 2019): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.07.023.

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2

Mariño, Miguel Vicente. "Review: The Professionalisation of Political Communication." Media International Australia 126, no. 1 (February 2008): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812600128.

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3

Negrine, Ralph. "Professionalism and the Millbank Tendency: A Response to Webb and Fisher." Politics 25, no. 2 (May 2005): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.2005.00235.x.

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Анотація:

This short response examines critically both the analysis and data provided in the Webb and Fisher article concerning the trends towards professionalisation. It calls for a more thorough understanding of the idea of professionalisation and a more careful use of the word when applied to particular organisational contexts.

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4

Corbett, Jack, and Terence Wood. "Profiling Politicians in Solomon Islands: Professionalisation of a Political Elite?" Australian Journal of Political Science 48, no. 3 (September 2013): 320–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2013.821100.

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5

Rafter, Kevin. "Fianna Fáil and the professionalisation of political communication in Ireland." Irish Political Studies 32, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07907184.2016.1269756.

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6

Malin, Nigel. "Developing an analytical framework for understanding the emergence of de‑professionalisation in health, social care and education sectors." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 19, no. 1 (October 18, 2017): 66–162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v19i1.1082.

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This article aims to develop an analytical framework for understanding the context in which a process of de-professionalisation exists within an employment culture dominated by capitalism, globalisation and inequality. It specifically focuses upon experiences arising in health, social care and education sectors typifying that found within the British Welfare State during late modernity. Different theoretical definitions are presented to introduce an argument for a multi-dimensional approach. For example de-professionalisation may cover the removal from professional control, influence, manipulation or a destabilisation of a conventional mode of professionalisation and professional ties. Alternatively it may embody causation to appear unprofessional; or to discredit or deprive of professional status; also privately may be experienced as a weakening of status, respect or tendency away from a position of strength or equal status and be associated with measures for lessening the need for specialist knowledge and expertise. This analysis is based on a review of recent policy and practice evidence to support the notion that de-professionalisation may be defined through a lens of ‘cuts to services’ and job insecurity. It includes a case study covering the strike by NHS junior doctors which it is argued has had an impact on the image of ‘doctors as professionals’, resulting in a potential loss of public trust. De-professionalisation may be defined by financial cuts to staff training and through critiquing models of current training; or by a lowering of morale, a demoralisation or pervasive denigration of the workforce. Lastly this process may be considered as an outcome of low productivity in the workplace where a rise in low-skilled jobs becomes blamed for static wages. Increases in productivity come about as a result of deploying better raw materials, better trained or educated labour or better machines. Ordinary workers seem to have enjoyed few of the benefits of economic growth. Keywords: ideological roots of de-professionalisation; neo-liberalism, Taylorism/Post-Fordism; health, social care and education providers; service cutbacks; reductions in training; workforce morale and productivity

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7

Wilson, Kate, and Julia Evetts. "The Professionalisation of Foster Care." Adoption & Fostering 30, no. 1 (April 2006): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857590603000106.

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8

Saks, Mike, and Judith Allsop. "Social Policy, Professional Regulation and Health Support Work in the United Kingdom." Social Policy and Society 6, no. 2 (March 12, 2007): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746406003435.

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This paper examines the neglected area of health support work in the United Kingdom in the context of recent social policy and studies of professionalisation. A variety of socio-economic trends have led policy makers to give greater consideration to this section of the healthcare workforce. Professional regulatory issues and recent reviews in the health field have provided the leverage to alter existing healthcare boundaries, as well as to enhance public protection. Drawing on commissioned research, it is argued that health support workers are not only an important area of study in their own right, but also raise interesting questions about the broader process of health policy making and professionalisation.

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9

Kirton, Derek. "Step forward? Step back? The professionalisation of fostering." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 13, no. 1 (December 20, 2012): 6–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v13i1.465.

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This article examines the long term if uneven trend towards professionalisation in foster care, within the contexts of theoretical debates on professionalisation and contemporary policy in relation to looked after children. While the professionalising trend has been driven by a number of powerful factors within foster care and by broader societal and policy developments, it remains contentious due to the hybrid nature of foster care straddling the domains of ‘family’ and ‘work’. Various aspects of hybridity are explored including its implications for motivation, training and differentiation among foster carers. While broadly supporting the professionalisation of foster carers, not least as a measure to tackle their exploitation and its gendered nature, it is argued that hybridity requires a delicate balance to be struck and maintained in order that further professionalising measures do not undermine the personal and familial aspects of foster care that are crucial to its success.

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10

Clarke, Michael. "The Professionalisation of Financial Advice in Britain." Sociological Review 48, no. 1 (February 2000): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.00203.

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This paper reviews the impact of increasing state regulation of financial advice and its effect in requiring much higher levels of competence and probity, so stimulating professionalisation, though in doing so, pre-empting the traditional role of established professional bodies in securing competence and probity. Is it still possible at the end of the twentieth century for new professions to emerge? If so, is a new model of the professions in prospect?

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11

Saggers, Sherry, Jan Grant, Maggie Woodhead, and Vicki Banham. "The Professionalisation of Mothering: Family Day Care." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 30, no. 3 (December 1994): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078339403000303.

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12

Hammami, Rema. "NGOs: The Professionalisation of Politics." Race & Class 37, no. 2 (October 1995): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030639689503700200.

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13

Enli, Gunn. "Twitter as arena for the authentic outsider: exploring the social media campaigns of Trump and Clinton in the 2016 US presidential election." European Journal of Communication 32, no. 1 (February 2017): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323116682802.

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In the 2016 US presidential election campaign, social media platforms were increasingly used as direct sources of news, bypassing the editorial media. With the candidates’ millions of followers, Twitter has become a platform for mass communication and the candidate’s main online information channel. Likewise, social media has provided a platform for debating and critiquing the mainstream media by the campaigns and their networks. This article discusses the Twitter strategies of the democratic candidate Hillary Clinton and republican candidate Donald Trump during their US 2016 presidential election campaigns. While the Clinton campaign’s strategy confirms theories regarding the professionalisation of election campaigns, the Trump campaign’s more amateurish yet authentic style in social media points towards de-professionalisation and even amateurism as a counter-trend in political communication.

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14

Ukwatta, Wijayantha. "Develop the recruitment criteria for professionalisation of politicians: a focus to group study." Journal of Global Responsibility 8, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-02-2017-0012.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the fundamental elements necessary for formulating criteria to be used when recruiting politicians into the Sri Lankan political system with a view to professionalization. By means of a thorough examination of political practice issues, the paper focuses on the possibility of introducing the concept of political professionalization and endeavors to determine the prerequisite conditions needed to resolve or minimize those issues. Design/methodology/approach A total of 27 respondents: academics, clergy and journalists were purposively selected for this study and they were divided into three groups to enable data collection through focus group discussions. A thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings The main political practice problems were bribery and corruption, the misuse of state resources by politicians, the involvement of family in politics, and unscrupulous and unethical political campaigning. The majority of respondents cited greed for political power, low levels of education and an inadequate understanding of the parliamentary process as the leading factors which cause problems to arise in politics as practiced in Sri Lanka. The analysis revealed three main themes: “knowledge”, “skills” and “values”. Respondents recommended policy initiatives for political recruitment. Originality/value The findings suggested that the professionalization of political practice should be promoted by introducing knowledge C skills and values as criteria for political recruitment. And it also suggested that the introduction of professional political practice methods is vitally necessary to reduce political practice issues in the current political scenario of Sri Lanka.

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15

Nisic, Natascha, Friederike Molitor, and Miriam Trübner. "Rethinking paid domestic services in modern societies – Experimental evidence on the effect of quality and professionalisation on service demand." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 43, no. 13/14 (May 9, 2023): 106–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-11-2022-0290.

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PurposeAlthough essential to social welfare, unpaid domestic and care work is an increasingly scarce resource in modern societies. Despite the growing need, many households refrain from outsourcing their domestic chores to the market. Simultaneously, the household service sector is mostly characterised by low-qualification, informal jobs lacking quality and professional standards. Drawing on transaction cost theory, the present study aims to examine how trust problems deriving from the quality and professionalisation of domestic services can be overcome by also exploring the role of state subsidies in this context.Design/methodology/approachA factorial survey experiment in Germany (N = 4024) causally explores the effect of state-subsidised service vouchers, quality signals and professionalisation on preferences and willingness-to-pay for domestic services. The data were analysed using multilevel modelling techniques.FindingsHypotheses are mostly confirmed: strong quality signals help overcome trust problems, thus facilitating the demand for household services. Further, service vouchers can generate better pay for domestic workers while simultaneously reducing the costs for households.Research limitations/implicationsThe relevance of professionalisation and quality of service as important determinants of domestic service demand is revealed. However, the experimental survey design involves hypothetical scenarios.Originality/valueThe analysis offers insights into how to stimulate demand for household services and increase formal employment in a sector currently largely characterised by informal arrangements. It further shows how social policies can help secure quality and foster professionalisation by shifting paid domestic work from the informal to the formal economy.

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16

Rajpal, Shilpi. "Psychiatrists and psychiatry in late colonial India." Indian Economic & Social History Review 55, no. 4 (October 2018): 515–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464618796901.

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The history of professionalisation of psychiatry in India is an array of parallel histories. The article describes the variegated processes of professionalisation, modernisation and Indianisation and the impediments that colonialism created in their path. It charts the reification of the professional identity of a psychiatrist which was uniquely different from the Western counterpart. The process that began at the turn of the twentieth century was far from complete even on the eve of independence. It argues that psychiatry remained at the margins of medicine and the colonial state maintained an indifferent attitude towards development of the mental sciences. Highlighting contributions of individual psychiatrists and juxtaposing them with those of the state, this article situates psychiatrists as historical actors and how the emergence of psychiatry was enmeshed with political histories of the period.

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17

Lumsden, Karen. "‘It’s a Profession, it Isn’t a Job’: Police Officers’ Views on the Professionalisation of Policing in England." Sociological Research Online 22, no. 3 (September 2017): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780417724062.

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This article focuses on police officers’ views on the professionalisation of policing in England against a backdrop of government reforms to policing via establishment of the College of Policing, evidence-based policing, and a period of austerity. Police officers view professionalisation as linked to top-down government reforms, education and recruitment, building of an evidence-base, and ethics of policing (Peelian principles). These elements are further entangled with new public management principles, highlighting the ways in which professionalism can be used as a technology of control to discipline workers. There are tensions between the government’s top-down drive for police organisations to professionalise and officers’ bottom-up views on policing as an established profession. Data are presented from qualitative interviews with 15 police officers and staff in England.

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18

Crossley, Stephen. "Guest editorial: Professionalism, de-professionalisation and austerity." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 19, no. 1 (October 12, 2017): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v19i1.1086.

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19

Vázquez Cano, Luis. "De nouvelles stratégies pour la gestion des ressources humaines dans le secteur public." Revue française d'administration publique 94, no. 1 (2000): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.2000.3384.

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New Strategies for Human Resources Management in the Public Sector. The Mexican government has placed civil servants at the centre of its reform of the administration. The primary objective is to revalue the work of the civil service, taking into account the aspirations and the personal competences of each civil servant. This reevaluation will encourage professionalisation, including an improvement in recruitment procedures, the introduction of a career structure, and continuing education which is personalised thanks to new information technologies and new forms of communication. Professionalisation, which is an irreversible phenomenon, must depend upon the involvement of civil servants themselves, but also upon those in positions of management and upon each and every citizen.

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20

Gajduschek, György. "Politicisation, professionalisation, or both? Hungary's civil service system." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 40, no. 3 (August 21, 2007): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2007.06.004.

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This paper aims to determine where the Hungarian civil service system might be situated on an imaginary merit system – spoils system scale. In doing so, the Hungarian system is analyzed from two angles. Firstly, regulation is scrutinized as it is manifested in the Civil Service Act. Secondly, practice is examined relying on available statistical and survey data. The author argues that, contrary to the conclusions of most of scholarly publications, the Hungarian Law is a pseudo-merit system law, not in fact preventing the prevalence of a spoils system. Practice generally reveals, however, features of a modestly politicized system with signs of increasing professionalization. The last two sections investigate the potential explanations for these somewhat surprising findings and whether the findings for the Hungarian civil service may be generalized to some or most of the Central and East European countries.

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21

Lorion, Sébastien. "Inside the Human Rights Ministry of Burkina Faso: How professionalised civil servants shape governmental human rights focal points." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 39, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09240519211018149.

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The human rights professionalisation of civil servants has emerged as a core dimension of governmental human rights focal points (GHRFPs), notably in the 2016 OHCHR’s guide on ‘national mechanisms for reporting and follow-up’. The article investigates this dimension and warns that the role of civil servants is indeed pivotal to human rights compliance strategies but plays out in complex ways. Reflecting on an ethnographic journey within the Human Rights Ministry of Burkina Faso, the article shows how professionalised civil servants fall short of triggering the intended change. It debunks key mechanisms through which agents translate acquired skills and shape GHRFPs’ performance as sites of human rights localisation and coordination. Such ‘deviations’ should not be construed only as local pathologies: they are unintentionally nurtured by international guidance, support and oversight systems. The article calls for a renewed approach to human rights professionalisation, that would recognise – possibly resolve – the unaccounted yet crucial tension between agents’ values and neutral ideal-types for efficient bureaucracies.

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22

Weiss-Gal, Idit, and Penelope Welbourne. "The professionalisation of social work: a cross-national exploration." International Journal of Social Welfare 17, no. 4 (April 17, 2008): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2008.00574.x.

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23

Sims, Margaret, Elise Alexander, Karma Pedey, and Lavinia Tausere-Tiko. "What Discourses Relating to the Purpose of Early Childhood Are Shaping the Work of Early Childhood Practitioners in Three Different Contexts: UK, Bhutan and Fiji?" Journal of Education and Learning 7, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n1p223.

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We explore the way dominant political discourses are perceived to influence developing professionalisation of early childhood in three contexts. The UK is strongly influenced by the neoliberal agenda which positions managerialism, bureaucracy, accountability and control as necessary to drive quality improvement. Bhutan has been exposed to western ideologies for a short time (as time counts in human history) and is attempting to manage tensions between western ideologies and the philosophy underpinning Gross National Happiness. Fiji has a history of colonisation. With a growing commitment across Pacific nations to postcolonialism, Fiji professionals are struggling to manage the intersection between their neoliberal western history and their own postcolonial ambitions. We argue a better understanding of the ways in which dominant ideologies impact on the development of early childhood professionalisation will uncover unintended, taken-for-granted assumptions and illuminate potential risks, thus better positioning readers to make informed choices about their work and the development of their profession.

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24

Webb, Paul, and Justin Fisher. "Professionalism and the Millbank Tendency: The Political Sociology of New Labour's Employees." Politics 23, no. 1 (February 2003): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9256.00175.

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This article analyses party employees, one of the most under-researched subjects in the study of British political parties. We draw on a blend of quantitative and qualitative data in order to shed light on the social and political profiles of Labour Party staff, and on the question of their professionalisation. The latter theme is developed through a model derived from the sociology of professions. While a relatively limited proportion of party employees conform to the pure ideal-type of professionalism, a considerably greater number manifest enough of the core characteristics of specialisation, commitment, mobility, autonomy and self-regulation to be reasonably described as ‘professionals in pursuit of political outcomes’.

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25

Walby, Kevin, Blair Wilkinson, and Randy K. Lippert. "Legitimacy, professionalisation and expertise in public sector corporate security." Policing and Society 26, no. 1 (April 29, 2014): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2014.912650.

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26

Geymonat, Giulia Garofalo, and P. G. Macioti. "Ambivalent Professionalisation and Autonomy in Workers’ Collective Projects: The Cases of Sex Worker Peer Educators in Germany and Sexual Assistants in Switzerland." Sociological Research Online 21, no. 4 (November 2016): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.4146.

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Drawing on participant methodologies this article examines two cases of workers’ self-organised projects oriented to improving the quality of sex work and to ‘professionalisation’. The first case is a group of sexual assistants for people with disabilities, who have organised meetings and training for sexual assistants in a medium-sized city in Switzerland. The second is a group of peer sex worker educators offering workshops to people who sell sex in various industry sectors in a large German city. We argue that these activist interventions may represent a resource for identifying crucial aspects of work-quality and professionalisation in sex work and for making sense of some apparent contradictions of sex workers’ organising. Indeed, through ongoing conversations and recommendations about working practices and ethics, our participants develop situated views of what is better sex work and they originally engage with key conceptual areas, such as consent, autonomy, standardisation, income and professional identity. They do so by comparing a variety of experiences in sex industries, as well as discussing similarities with other jobs such as body work, care work, and psychotherapy.

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27

Pinto, Pâmela Araujo. "O impacto da comunicação profissional nas paisagens democráticas europeias." Compolítica 2, no. 2 (March 2, 2013): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21878/compolitica.2012.2.2.34.

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As mudanças no âmbito da Comunicação e da Política na democracia europeia são descritas de modo comparativo e contextualizado historicamente no livro The Professionalisation of Political Communication. São apresentadas as formas de atuação de profissionais de mídia em oito países (Inglaterra, Alemanha, Suécia, Holanda, Itália , Grécia, França e Hungria), sobretudo no período eleitoral, para explorar como o profissionalismo foi introduzido e como atores políticos e midiáticos se relacionavam neste processo transcorrido nas últimas décadas.

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28

Weeks, Wendy. "De-Professionalisation or a New Approach to Professionalism?" Australian Social Work 41, no. 1 (January 1988): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03124078808550030.

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29

June, Raymond. "Paradoxes of Professionalisation among Anti-Corruption Activists in the Czech Republic." Czech Sociological Review 43, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/00380288.2007.43.1.07.

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30

Forsdike, Kirsty, Timothy Marjoribanks, and Anne-Maree Sawyer. "‘Hockey becomes like a family in itself’: Re-examining social capital through women’s experiences of a sport club undergoing quasi-professionalisation." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 54, no. 4 (September 14, 2017): 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690217731292.

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The community-based sports club is often recognised as a key site for the development of social capital. Intergenerational ties and connections to place can generate a strong sense of identity and can foster practices of psychological and material support. In this sense, community sports clubs can also be seen as an extension of the family. We examine social capital and Ray Pahl’s ‘personal communities’ through an ethnographic study of women hockey players’ discussions about their intimate connections and engagement in family-like practices in an Australian metropolitan field hockey club. Women hockey players’ experiences of family-like bonds are threatened by the drive towards competitive growth and increasing professionalisation as local sporting bodies strive for survival and success. Their narratives reveal experiences of loss and conflicted relationships in the context of these broader structural changes in the club’s organisation and operations. Ultimately, the strength of a local sports club as a site for the development of social capital is called into question as traditional networks are eroded in the drive for growth, professionalisation and economic survival.

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31

De Wilde, Lieselot, Jochen Devlieghere, Michel Vandenbroeck, and Bruno Vanobbergen. "Foster parents between voluntarism and professionalisation: Unpacking the backpack." Children and Youth Services Review 98 (March 2019): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.01.020.

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32

WEBSTER, SARAH. "Estate Improvement and the Professionalisation of Land Agents on the Egremont Estates in Sussex and Yorkshire, 1770–1835." Rural History 18, no. 1 (March 16, 2007): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793306002019.

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The role of land agents in the management and improvement of English landed estates between 1770 and 1850 is examined in this paper. The focus is on the responsibilities of land agents, their contribution to agricultural improvement, and in particular the validity of a thesis of the professionalisation of agents during this period. The Petworth House archives are used to compare the work of two legal agents at Petworth in Sussex with that of a professional land agency firm in Yorkshire, both employed by the third Earl of Egremont (1751–1837). This study suggests that the role of land agents in agricultural improvement at Petworth was limited to the financial, legal and political aspects of these developments rather than practical management. It proposes that legal agents remained more influential than has been supposed, even on estates renowned for agricultural improvement, and despite contemporary criticism that emphasised the importance of applied agricultural expertise. The belated professionalisation of the Petworth agents and the significant differences in their roles when compared with contemporary and historical accounts suggests that estate management was therefore far more diverse than is suggested in some recent literature.

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33

Hunt, Sonya. "The social work regulation project in Aotearoa New Zealand." Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 29, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol29iss1id370.

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INTRODUCTION: In this second of two articles on the history of professionalisation of social work in Aotearoa New Zealand, consideration is given to the more recent coalescing of forces from the 1990s to the initial implementation of the Social Workers Registration Act (2003), which led to our country’s example of a social work regulation project.APPROACH: This critical consideration of social work regulation in Aotearoa New Zealand situates it within the international social work professionalisation context alongside the national context. Consideration is given to the place of leadership and buy-in from the profession, political sponsorship, cultural considerations, and another ministerial review. Overlaying this, an examination of concepts of public trust, respect, and confidence in professions such as social work, are linked to crises of trust in professions in general, and placed within the current neoliberal, market-driven environment in which this project is anchored.CONCLUSION: The literature serves to document the history of social work regulation in Aotearoa New Zealand and as background for an ongoing research project which aims to uncover interests at work and interrogate the legitimacy of those interests, while enabling the voices of key actors from the time to surface, be explored, and be recorded.

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34

Steffan, Dennis, and Niklas Venema. "Personalised, de-ideologised and negative? A longitudinal analysis of campaign posters for German Bundestag elections, 1949–2017." European Journal of Communication 34, no. 3 (February 22, 2019): 267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323119830052.

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Faced with fundamental societal changes such as partisan dealignment and mediatisation, political parties in Germany as well as in other Western democracies professionalise their communication. Drawing on the concept of professionalisation of political communication, the present study investigates changes of campaign posters for German Bundestag elections from 1949 until 2017 with regard to personalisation, de-ideologisation and negative campaigning. By using a quantitative content analysis of visual and textual elements of campaign posters ( N = 1,857) and logistic regression analyses, we found an increase in visual personalisation and in visual ideologisation. However, no upwards trend was detected regarding negative campaigning across the four phases of political campaigning. Moreover, we found no empirical evidence for an increasing textual personalisation or textual de-ideologisation. All in all, the findings of this longitudinal analysis indicate an increasing visualisation of political communication.

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35

Loblaw, Timothy J. "A political economy of TVET professionalisation: a case study of chefs at a Canadian polytechnic." Journal of Vocational Education & Training 72, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2020.1771096.

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36

Smyth, Ciara, and Marilyn McHugh. "Exploring the dimensions of professionalising fostering: Carers’ perceptions of their fostering role." Children Australia 31, no. 1 (2006): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010944.

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Australia is experiencing major difficulties attracting and retaining foster carers. This crisis in recruitment has focused attention on whether fostering can continue to rely on voluntary carers. This paper examines data from a 2003/4 survey of foster carers in New South Wales commissioned by the Department of Community Services. The research explores carers’ perceptions of the nature of the fostering role and examines these in relation to three dimensions of professionalisation: training, support and payment. The findings indicate that the majority of carers believe fostering should be regarded as a professional or semi-professional role. Among these carers, there was a higher level of support for the three dimensions of professionalisation compared to carers who regard their role as voluntary. Differences in perceptions were not attributable to other socio-demographic characteristics, aside from education levels. This paper also addresses the policy implications of these findings for the future recruitment and retention of carers.

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37

CAUMARTIN, CORINNE. "‘Depoliticisation’ in the Reform of the Panamanian Security Apparatus." Journal of Latin American Studies 39, no. 1 (February 2007): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x06002057.

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This article examines the unusual public security reform process that took place in Panama in the wake of the US military invasion of December 1989. The changes to the Panamanian security forces that ensued were in equal part a ‘demilitarisation’ process, a police reform and an (imposed) transition to democracy where the political domination of the Panamanian security forces came to an abrupt end. Deploying the concepts of demilitarisation, professionalisation and depoliticisation, the article evaluates the political role and activities of police forces and the nature of their relationship with the main Panamanian political actors through to the present Torrijos administration. It then assesses the implications for wider political processes, suggesting that explanations for the success or failure of reform are unlikely to be found in the examination of the design and implementation of the reform itself, but that broader political processes must be analysed in order to understand the dynamic that underpins it.

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38

Anleu, Sharyn L. Roach. "The Professionalisation of Social Work? A Case Study of Three Organisational Settings." Sociology 26, no. 1 (February 1992): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038592026001003.

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39

WEBB, PAUL D. "Election campaigning, organisational transformation and the professionalisation of the British Labour Party." European Journal of Political Research 21, no. 3 (April 1992): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.1992.tb00298.x.

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40

Gray, Mel. "Social development and the status quo: professionalisation and Third Way co-optation." International Journal of Social Welfare 19, no. 4 (January 28, 2010): 463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2009.00714.x.

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41

Ozga, Jenny. "The politics of accountability." Journal of Educational Change 21, no. 1 (December 5, 2019): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10833-019-09354-2.

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AbstractThis paper draws on recent research in Europe and England to discuss the politics of accountability. It is suggested that, as policies in education are increasingly focused on delivering technical-managerial accountability, that is accountability understood as evidenced in international, national, institutional and individual comparative measures of performance, so the shifting power relations of system redesign supported by data use are concealed and suppressed. System redesign is promoted by ‘networked’ governance and the de-centred state, in institutional ‘freedom’ from bureaucracy, in the de-professionalisation of public sector workers, in the proliferation of managers, in the redefinition of citizens as consumers. The implications of such reforms for politics are profound, as political legitimacy is a fundamental precondition for the sustainability of the welfare state and welfare state organizations are dependent on active political processes of producing legitimacy and political accountability.

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42

Evans, Elizabeth, and Emma Sanderson-Nash. "From Sandals to Suits: Professionalisation, Coalition and the Liberal Democrats." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 13, no. 4 (May 4, 2011): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-856x.2011.00455.x.

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The Liberal Democrats have traditionally been viewed as a ‘bottom-up’ party with a relatively high degree of influence open to grass-roots members and party activists. However, following the dramatic increase in the number of Liberal Democrat MPs at the 1997 election the party has increasingly tried to professionalise its operation, leading to a more top-down approach. This article argues that the professionalisation process has not only changed the dynamics within and between the parliamentary and extra-parliamentary party, but has also paved the way for the party, more usually identified as being on the centre-left of British politics, to enter into coalition government with the Conservatives. Analysing changes to the federal conference structure and to policy-making processes, the article explores the ways in which the party has professionalised, both within the parliamentary party and at party headquarters, and assesses the potential impact that this may have upon the role of the party's grass roots.

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43

Dellgran, Peter, and Staffan Höjer. "Privatisation as professionalisation? Attitudes, motives and achievements among Swedish social workers." European Journal of Social Work 8, no. 1 (March 2005): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369145042000331369.

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44

Dent, Mike. "Nurse professionalisation and traditional values in Poland and Greece." International Journal of Public Sector Management 16, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513550310468000.

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This paper examines the similarities and variations in the professional and work organisation of nursing in Greece and Poland. It evaluates the evidence of “convergence” as opposed to “embeddedness” in the professional and gendered organisation of nursing in these two countries. The feminised character of nursing is discussed, in relation to the family within the configuration of health‐care services. This issue also relates to the clientelistic relations and familialism that pervade health‐care delivery in both countries – although for different historical and cultural reasons – and which reflect and reinforce patriarchical relations within these societies.

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45

Alba, Carlos R. "Politique et administration en Espagne : continuité historique et perspectives." Revue française d'administration publique 86, no. 1 (1998): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1998.3200.

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Politics and Administration in Spain : Historical Continuity and Future Perspectives. In opposition to the political upheavals which Spain has undergone in her recent history, stands a certain stability of the politico-administrative system. During the time of Franco, the absence of public debate contributed to the complete transfer of politics into the sphere of bureaucracy. Organised into “corps” , the elite benefited from rights and special privileges and succeeded in making itself indispensable by preventing the development of alternative structures. This historical heritage has proved difficult to challenge since the transition towards democracy. Reforms aimed at the professionalisation of the administration have not yet succeeded in depoliticising it.

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46

Maloutas, Thomas, and Hugo Botton. "Trends of Social Polarisation and Segregation in Athens (1991–2011)." Social Inclusion 9, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i2.3849.

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This article investigates social and spatial changes in the Athens metropolitan area between 1991 and 2011. The main question is whether social polarisation—and the contraction of intermediate occupational categories—unevenly developed across the city is related to the changing of segregation patterns during the examined period. We established that the working-class moved towards the middle and the middle-class moved towards the top, but the relative position of both parts did not change in the overall socio-spatial hierarchy. The broad types of socio-spatial change in Athens (driven by professionalisation, proletarianisation or polarisation) were eventually related to different spatial imprints in the city’s social geography. Broad trends identified in other cities, like the centralisation of higher occupations and the peripheralisation of poverty, were not at all present here. In Athens, changes between 1991 and 2011 can be summarised by (1) the relative stability and upward social movement of the traditional working-class and their surrounding areas, accounting for almost half of the city, (2) the expansion of traditional bourgeois strongholds to neighbouring formerly socially mixed areas—25% of the city—and their conversion to more homogeneous middle-class neighbourhoods through professionalisation, (3) the proletarianisation of 10% of the city following a course of perpetual decline in parts of the central municipality and (4) the polarisation and increased social mix of the traditional bourgeois strongholds related to the considerable inflow of poor migrants working for upper-middle-class households.

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47

Beckman, Ludvig. "The Professionalisation of Politics Reconsidered. A Study of the Swedish Cabinet 1917–2004." Parliamentary Affairs 60, no. 1 (December 15, 2006): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsl046.

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48

Campbell, I. C. "Anthropology and the professionalisation of colonial administration in Papua and New Guinea." Journal of Pacific History 33, no. 1 (June 1998): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349808572859.

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49

Mi, Azham Md, Lee Teck Heang, and Brian West. "External influences on the development and professionalisation of accounting in Malaysia, 1957-1969." Indonesian Management and Accounting Research 10, no. 2 (November 10, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/imar.v10i2.1298.

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<p class="Style2">The accounting history literature identifies a tendency for accounting in developing countries to be dominated by the style of accounting institutions and practices of western developed nations - particularly the USA and UK.This "importation" hypothesis is investigated and refined through a case study examination of the history of accounting in Malaysia during the formative years of 1957 to 1969. This era commences with the Malay States gaining independence from Britain and closes with the race riots which marked a turning point in the nation's history. The establishment of the Malaysian Association of Certified Public Accountants (MACPA) in 1958 and the passing of the Companies Act of 1965 and the Accountants Act of 1967 are identified as key events which perpetuated British colonial influence within the new nation. These circumstances add credence to the "importation" hypothesis and support a depiction of accounting and its institutional apparatus as regularising forces with a capacity to transcend political and social change within a nation state.</p><p class="Style2">Keywords: accounting profession, professionalisation, Malaysia, colonialism</p>

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50

Walker, Stephen P. "Professionalisation or incarceration? Household engineering, accounting and the domestic ideal." Accounting, Organizations and Society 28, no. 7-8 (October 2003): 743–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0361-3682(02)00020-x.

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