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Статті в журналах з теми "Polar dielectric liquids"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 18 травня 2024

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1

Tabassum, Shagufta, and V. P. Pawar. "Complex permittivity spectra of binary polar liquids using time domain reflectometry." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 08, no. 03 (June 2018): 1850019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x18500194.

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Анотація:

The study of complex properties in a binary mixture of polar liquids has been carried out in the frequency range of 10[Formula: see text]MHz to 30 GHz at 293[Formula: see text]K and 298[Formula: see text]K temperatures using time domain reflectometry. The complex properties of polar liquids in binary mixture give information about the frequency dispersion in the dielectric permittivity ([Formula: see text]) and dielectric loss ([Formula: see text]). The information regarding the orientation of electric dipoles in a polar liquid mixture is given by Kirkwood parameters. The Bruggeman parameters are used as the indicator of liquid1 and liquid2 interaction. Molar entropy ([Formula: see text]) and molar enthalpy ([Formula: see text]) are also discussed at the end of the paper.

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2

Monder, Hila, Leo Bielenki, Hanna Dodiuk, Anna Dotan, and Samuel Kenig. "Poly (Dimethylsiloxane) Coating for Repellency of Polar and Non-Polar Liquids." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 2423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102423.

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The wettability of poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) coating on plasma-treated glass was studied at room temperature using polar and non-polar liquids. The wettability was investigated regarding the liquids’ surface tensions (STs), dielectric constants (DCs) and solubility parameters (SPs). For polar liquids, the contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) are controlled by the DCs and non-polar liquids by the liquids’ STs. Solubility parameter difference between the PDMS and the liquids demonstrated that non-polar liquids possessed lower CAH. An empirical model that integrates the interfacial properties of liquid/PDMS has been composed. Accordingly, the difference between the SPs of PDMS and the liquid is the decisive factor affecting CAH, followed by the differences in DCs and STs. Moreover, the interaction between the DCs and the SPs is of importance to minimize CAH. It has been concluded that CAH, and not CA, is the decisive attribute for liquid repellency of PDMS coating.

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3

Useinova, S. "Application of the Variational Method in Studying of Polar Liquids and Their Concentrated Solutions." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/85/02.

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The developed new variational method for measuring the permittivity ξ' and dielectric losses ξ'' of polar liquids is free from a number of shortcomings. At which the minimum amplitude of the reflected wave (ρ) or the standing wave coefficient η takes place, and the value of ηm at this liquid thickness is based on measuring the thickness of the liquid layer in the cell. A variant of this method was considered in the assumption of the active value of the initial resistance of the waveguide section with liquid at the layer thickness corresponding to the minimum value of (ρ) or η, justified only for the case of polar liquids with low dielectric losses. Thus, polar liquids — cyclopentanol, cyclopentanone and their concentrated solutions in each other were studied for the first time, and variational method found a worthy application as the results showed.

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4

de Souza, J. Pedro, Alexei A. Kornyshev, and Martin Z. Bazant. "Polar liquids at charged interfaces: A dipolar shell theory." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 24 (June 28, 2022): 244705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0096439.

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The structure of polar liquids and electrolytic solutions, such as water and aqueous electrolytes, at interfaces underlies numerous phenomena in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. In this work, we develop a continuum theory that captures the essential features of dielectric screening by polar liquids at charged interfaces, including decaying spatial oscillations in charge and mass, starting from the molecular properties of the solvent. The theory predicts an anisotropic dielectric tensor of interfacial polar liquids previously studied in molecular dynamics simulations. We explore the effect of the interfacial polar liquid properties on the capacitance of the electrode/electrolyte interface and on hydration forces between two plane-parallel polarized surfaces. In the linear response approximation, we obtain simple formulas for the characteristic decay lengths of molecular and ionic profiles at the interface.

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5

Chandra, Amalendu, and Biman Bagchi. "Exotic dielectric behavior of polar liquids." Journal of Chemical Physics 91, no. 5 (September 1989): 3056–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456927.

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6

Matyushov, Dmitry V. "Nonlinear dielectric response of polar liquids." Journal of Chemical Physics 142, no. 24 (June 28, 2015): 244502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4922933.

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7

Woisetschläger, Jakob, Adam D. Wexler, Gert Holler, Mathias Eisenhut, Karl Gatterer, and Elmar C. Fuchs. "Horizontal bridges in polar dielectric liquids." Experiments in Fluids 52, no. 1 (October 16, 2011): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00348-011-1216-x.

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8

del Castillo, L. F., L. A. Dávalos-Orozco, and L. S. Garcı́a-Colı́n. "Ultrafast dielectric relaxation response of polar liquids." Journal of Chemical Physics 106, no. 6 (February 8, 1997): 2348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473789.

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9

Kalmykov, Yurii P. "Dielectric relaxation in solutions of polar liquids." Journal of Molecular Liquids 49 (September 1991): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7322(91)80077-h.

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10

Chaube, Hemantkumar A., and Vipinchandra A. Rana. "Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Binary Mixtures of Anisole and Some Primary Alcohols in the Frequency Range 20 Hz to 2 MHz." Advanced Materials Research 665 (February 2013): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.665.194.

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The complex relative dielectric function ε*(ω) = ε-jε of binary mixture of anisole (AN) with methanol (MeOH) ,1-propanol (1-PrOH), 1-butanol (1-BuOH), 1-heptanol (1-HeOH) of varying concentration have been measured using Precision LCR meter in the frequency range 20 Hz to 2 MHz at 303 K. The electrical/dielectric properties of the liquid samples are represented in terms of intensive quantities namely, complex relative dielectric function ε*(ω), electrical modulus M*(ω), and extensive quantities, i.e. complex admittance Y*(ω) and complex impedance Z*(ω). All of these presentations are used to explore various processes contributed in the electrical/dielectric properties of the mixtures of polar-polar liquids.

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11

Bolotov, Alexander, and Georgy Burdo. "Magnetic fluid method for sealing liquid media." E3S Web of Conferences 383 (2023): 04081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338304081.

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Magnetic fluid seals for sealing gas environments are widely used in various industries due to their undeniable advantages. However, such seals are not capable of reliable sealing of liquid media with different polarities. The paper analyses physicochemical processes that lead to destructing magnetic fluid in a seal under the influence of a liquid medium in contact with it. There are results of experimental studies on sealing using magnetic seals of non-magnetic fluids with different polarity. The authors studied the tightness of a magnetic fluid seal capacity in contact with weakly polar liquids: MVP instrument oil, vaseline oil, and water as a highly polar liquid. For sealing water, the authors chose magnetic fluids with liquid siloxanes as the basis; they are immiscible with water and hydrophobic. Weakly polar liquids were sealed using magnetic fluid with a dispersion medium of triethanolamine, which is almost insoluble in hydrocarbon liquids and has a high dielectric permittivity and surface tension comparable in magnitude. It is established that magnetic fluid based on triethanolamine reliably seals the experimental bearing from penetrating of weakly polar liquids at an overpressure of 10 kPa and below. To seal polar liquid media, it seems promising to use oleophobic magnetic fluids based on PES-5, containing a large amount of filler in the form of ferrite particles. A magnetic fluid should have the smallest possible contact area with the sealed fluid and maintain a laminar flow regime.

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12

Jay-Gerin, Jean-Paul. "Correlation between the electron solvation time and the solvent dielectric relaxation times τ2 and τL1 in liquid alcohols and water: towards a universal concept of electron solvation?" Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, № 10 (1 жовтня 1997): 1310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-156.

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A simple model of electron solvation in polar liquids is presented, in which we attempt to link the electron solvation time τs to τ2, the time for reorientation of monomeric molecules, and to τL1, the longitudinal dielectric relaxation time of the solvent. It is shown that this model, which is suggested by the so-called hybrid model of electron solvation previously described for methanol, can satisfactorily account for electron solvation in all polar liquids, including linear alcohols (methanol to decanol), 1,2-ethanediol, H2O, and D2O, for which data are available from the literature. A close similarity is indeed obtained between our calculated values of τs and those measured experimentally. The observation of such a correlation supports a universal concept of electron solvation. Keywords: polar liquids, electron solvation time, solvent dielectric relaxation times, universal concept of electron solvation.

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13

Guelfucci, J. P., M. Brou, and M. L. Huertas. "V.U.V. Photoionization process in non polar dielectric liquids." Journal de Chimie Physique et de Physico-Chimie Biologique 96, no. 1 (January 1999): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp:1999104.

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14

Kornyshev, Alexei A., and Godehard Sutmann. "Nonlocal nonlinear static dielectric response of polar liquids." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 450, no. 1 (June 1998): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0728(97)00622-0.

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15

Jay-Gerin, Jean-Paul, Thomas Goulet, and Isabelle Billard. "On the correlation between electron mobility, free-ion yield, and electron thermalization distance in nonpolar dielectric liquids." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-042.

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Анотація:

The correlation between the thermal electron mobility, μe, the radiation-induced free-ion yield Gfi at zero applied electric field, and the most probable thermalization distance b of secondary electrons, is examined for 52 different pure non-polar dielectric liquids for which data have been reported in the literature. It is shown that, in liquids for which μe > 10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1, the variation of Gfi with μe is well represented by a relation of the type [Formula: see text] where n ≈ 0.31. The connection between Gfi and μe can be described through the product εsb, where εs is the static dielectric constant of the intervening liquid. In particular, 1/εsb is shown to correlate with both μe and Gfi. Analysis of these correlations allows us to estimate an upper limit of μe that can be attained in a room-temperature dielectric liquid, information of utmost importance from the point of view of application to liquid ionization detectors.

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16

Chaube, Hemantkumar A., and Vipinchandra A. Rana. "Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Binary Mixtures of Anisole and 1-Heptanol in the Frequency Range 20 Hz to 2 MHz." Solid State Phenomena 209 (November 2013): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.209.182.

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The complex relative dielectric function ε*(ω) = ε’- jε” of anisole (AN), 1-heptanol (1-HeOH) and their binary mixtures of varying concentration have been measured using Precision LCR meter in the frequency range 20 Hz to 2 MHz at 303 K. The electrical/dielectric properties of the liquid samples are represented in terms of intensive quantities namely, complex relative dielectric function ε*(ω), electrical modulus M*(ω), electrical conductivity σ*(ω) and extensive quantities, i.e. complex admittance Y*(ω) and complex impedance Z*(ω). All of these presentations are used to explore various processes contributed in the electrical/dielectric properties of the mixtures of two polar liquids.

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17

Park, S. J., S. A. N. Yoon, and Y. H. Ahn. "Dielectric constant measurements of thin films and liquids using terahertz metamaterials." RSC Advances 6, no. 73 (2016): 69381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11777e.

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18

Gavrilov, Alexey A., and Elena Yu Kramarenko. "Two contributions to the dielectric response of polar liquids." Journal of Chemical Physics 154, no. 11 (March 21, 2021): 116101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0038440.

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19

Gaiduk, Vladimir I., Tamara A. Novskova, and Valery V. Brekhovskikh. "Molecular mechanisms of dielectric relaxation of highly polar liquids." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 87, no. 4 (1991): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9918700559.

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20

Froltsov, Vladimir A., and Sabine H. L. Klapp. "Dielectric response of polar liquids in narrow slit pores." Journal of Chemical Physics 126, no. 11 (March 21, 2007): 114703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2566913.

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21

Schmidt, Werner F., and Katsumi Yoshino. "Ion mobilities in non-polar dielectric liquids: silicone oils." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 22, no. 5 (October 2015): 2424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2015.005036.

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22

Shamanin, Igor, Mishik Kazaryan, and Dmitry Sidko. "Cluster Structure of Salt Solutions in Polar Dielectric Liquids." Advanced Materials Research 1084 (January 2015): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.97.

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The aim of the study is to demonstrate that separation of solvated ions in solution of mixed salts under the action of external periodic electric field is caused by the formation of clusters consisting of solvent molecules and surrounding the ions. Such clusters have the dimensions of about 0.1 µm. The study includes the theoretical estimation of cluster dimensions and experimental determination of the external electric field frequency that gives rise to the separation of solvated ions. The results testify that placing the volume distributed electric charge of ion into dielectric liquid is accompanied by the formation of supramolecular particles. We called such particles “clusters”. The linear dimensions of clusters significantly exceed the first and the second radii of solvation (approximately 1 Angstrom) and amount to nearly 0.1 µm. At such sizes, inertial properties of clusters and their natural frequencies may allow controlling their movement by applying an external electric field to solution.

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23

Novskova, T. A., A. M. Kukebaev, and V. I. Gaiduk. "One-parameter model of dielectric relaxation in polar liquids." Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics 29, no. 1 (January 1986): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01034000.

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24

Stiles, P. J., and J. B. Hubbard. "Polarization diffusion and dielectric friction in polar liquids. II." Chemical Physics 94, no. 1-2 (March 1985): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(85)85061-8.

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25

Huang, Y. N., C. J. Wang, and E. Riande. "Superdipole liquid scenario for the dielectric primary relaxation in supercooled polar liquids." Journal of Chemical Physics 122, no. 14 (April 8, 2005): 144502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1872773.

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26

Tabassum, Shagufta, and V. P. Pawar. "Complex and thermodynamic properties of polar liquids using time domain reflectometry." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 08, no. 05 (October 2018): 1850032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x18500327.

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The study of complex properties in a binary mixture of 1,2-dichloroethane (DE) and [Formula: see text]-methylformamide (NMF) polar liquids has been carried out in the frequency range of 10[Formula: see text]MHz to 30[Formula: see text]GHz for 11 different concentrations using time domain reflectometry technique at 283, 288, 293 and 298[Formula: see text]K temperatures. Complex property of binary liquids indicates the type of distribution of the dielectric relaxation time. The Bruggeman parameter gives the information about molecular interactions within binary polar liquids. Thermodynamic parameter deals with the passing of a dipole across a potential barrier which separates the minima of energy.

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27

Han, Xin Yue, Yi Ping Wang, and Li Zhu. "Improving Silicon Concentrator Solar Cells Performance by Dielectric Liquids Immersion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.14.

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Direct liquid immersion cooling of concentrator solar cells was proposed as a solution for receiver thermal management of concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems. This research investigates the electrical performance of silicon concentrator solar cells under concentration, which are in both the absence of the candidate immersion liquids and also within different thickness on top. The results show that the presence of thin liquid layers results in an increase in the silicon CPV solar cells efficiencies by 8.5-15.2% from the reference value, arising from a decrease in a part of the reflected radiation and a decrease in the velocity of the surface recombination from surface adsorption of polar molecules. With an increase in the thickness of the liquid layer, the degree of the improvements to the efficiencies of the cells decreases due to more incident light is absorbed by the thicker liquid layer, which also depends to a noticeable degree on the liquid species.

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28

Marchesoni, Fabio. "A two‐body model for dielectric relaxation in polar liquids." Journal of Applied Physics 62, no. 5 (September 1987): 2150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339515.

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29

Mognaschi, Ezio R., and Luisa M. Laboranti. "Association of pure polar liquids: dielectric properties of docosanoic acid." Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 92, no. 18 (1996): 3367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9969203367.

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30

Gaiduk, Vladimir I., Tamara A. Novscova, and Valery V. Brekhoskikx. "On the quantitative theory of dielectric spectra in polar liquids." Journal of Molecular Liquids 43 (November 1989): 147–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7322(89)80013-3.

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31

Mognaschi, E. R., and A. Chierico. "Associating Behaviour of Pure Polar Liquids: Dielectric Properties of Pelargonie Acid." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-0306.

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The associating behaviour of pelargonic acid has been studied by the determination of its dielectric properties. A high degree of dimerisation in the liquid phase is suggested, with the number of dimers decreasing with increasing temperature.

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32

Ohshima, Hiroyuki, and Shin-ichi Takeda. "A New Method for Calculating the Hamaker Constant Based on the Hansen Solubility Parameters for Non-Polar Liquids." Colloids and Interfaces 8, no. 2 (February 22, 2024): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids8020014.

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A simple relationship between the Hamaker constant and the Hansen solubility parameters for non-polar liquids is derived by combining a Hamaker constant/surface tension relationship derived by Israelachvili and a Hansen solubility parameters/surface tension relationship derived by Abbott. With this relationship, one can easily estimate the Hamaker constant of non-polar liquids on the basis of the database of the Hansen solubility parameters. This is an entirely new method for calculating the Hamaker constant without recourse to data on the frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity of those substances (which are required for the rigorous Lifshitz theory) and laborious numerical calculations.

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33

Makarovič, Kostja, Darko Belavič, Matjaž Vidmar, and Barbara Malič. "A 3D LTCC-Based Ceramic Microfluidic System with RF Dielectric Heating of Liquids." Materials 14, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 7396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14237396.

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The design, fabrication and functional evaluation of the radio-frequency dielectric heating of liquids in an LTCC-based ceramic microfluidic system are described and discussed. The device, which relies on the dielectric heating of liquids, was fabricated using a low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. A multilayered ceramic structure with integrated electrodes, buried channels and cavities in micro and millimetre scales was fabricated. The structure with the dimensions of 35 mm × 22 mm × 2.4 mm includes a buried cavity with a diameter of 17.3 mm and a volume of 0.3 mL. The top and bottom faces of the cavity consist of silver/palladium electrodes protected with 100 μm thick layers of LTCC. The power, used to heat a polar liquid (water) in the cavity with the volume of 0.3 mL, ranges from 5 to 40 W. This novel application of RF dielectric heating could enable the miniaturization of microfluidic systems in many applications. The working principle of such a device and its efficiency are demonstrated using water as the heated medium.

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34

Cox, Stephen J. "Dielectric response with short-ranged electrostatics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 33 (August 3, 2020): 19746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005847117.

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The dielectric nature of polar liquids underpins much of their ability to act as useful solvents, but its description is complicated by the long-ranged nature of dipolar interactions. This is particularly pronounced under the periodic boundary conditions commonly used in molecular simulations. In this article, the dielectric properties of a water model whose intermolecular electrostatic interactions are entirely short-ranged are investigated. This is done within the framework of local molecular-field theory (LMFT), which provides a well-controlled mean-field treatment of long-ranged electrostatics. This short-ranged model gives a remarkably good performance on a number of counts, and its apparent shortcomings are readily accounted for. These results not only lend support to LMFT as an approach for understanding solvation behavior, but also are relevant to those developing interaction potentials based on local descriptions of liquid structure.

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35

Useinova, S. "Study of Dielectric, Polarization Properties of Cyclopentanol and Their Solutions in Cyclopentane by a New Variation Method." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/73/05.

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Анотація:

Results of calculating the theoretical principles of the variational method for measuring the dielectric parameters of polar liquids: cyclopentanol and its solutions in cyclopentane have been shown in the paper. Their dielectric constant ξ' and dielectric losses ξ'' are calculated. Solutions to the equations were found and a graphical solution method and an automated method for calculating ξ' and ξ'' were developed on the basis of this method. Comparison with the results of other methods revealed that these indicators are at the same time minimal within 1.5–2.0%.

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36

Mognaschi, E. R., L. M. Laboranti, and A. Chierico. "Associating behaviour of pure polar liquids : dielectric properties of caprylic acid." Journal de Physique II 3, no. 8 (August 1993): 1271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1993197.

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37

Mognaschi, E. R., and L. M. Laboranti. "Associating behaviour of pure polar liquids: dielectric properties of lauric acid." Journal de Physique II 4, no. 9 (September 1994): 1469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1994212.

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38

Ghosh, N., R. C. Basak, S. K. Sit, and S. Acharyya. "Dielectric relaxation of para polar liquids under high frequency electric field." Journal of Molecular Liquids 85, no. 3 (May 2000): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7322(00)89020-0.

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39

Mognaschi, E. R., and A. Chierico. "Associating behaviour of pure polar liquids: Dielectric properties of undecylic acid." Zeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter 67, no. 1 (March 1987): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01307312.

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40

Collins, Liam, Stephen Jesse, Jason I. Kilpatrick, Alexander Tselev, M. Baris Okatan, Sergei V. Kalinin, and Brian J. Rodriguez. "Kelvin probe force microscopy in liquid using electrochemical force microscopy." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (January 19, 2015): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.19.

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Conventional closed loop-Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) has emerged as a powerful technique for probing electric and transport phenomena at the solid–gas interface. The extension of KPFM capabilities to probe electrostatic and electrochemical phenomena at the solid–liquid interface is of interest for a broad range of applications from energy storage to biological systems. However, the operation of KPFM implicitly relies on the presence of a linear lossless dielectric in the probe–sample gap, a condition which is violated for ionically-active liquids (e.g., when diffuse charge dynamics are present). Here, electrostatic and electrochemical measurements are demonstrated in ionically-active (polar isopropanol, milli-Q water and aqueous NaCl) and ionically-inactive (non-polar decane) liquids by electrochemical force microscopy (EcFM), a multidimensional (i.e., bias- and time-resolved) spectroscopy method. In the absence of mobile charges (ambient and non-polar liquids), KPFM and EcFM are both feasible, yielding comparable contact potential difference (CPD) values. In ionically-active liquids, KPFM is not possible and EcFM can be used to measure the dynamic CPD and a rich spectrum of information pertaining to charge screening, ion diffusion, and electrochemical processes (e.g., Faradaic reactions). EcFM measurements conducted in isopropanol and milli-Q water over Au and highly ordered pyrolytic graphite electrodes demonstrate both sample- and solvent-dependent features. Finally, the feasibility of using EcFM as a local force-based mapping technique of material-dependent electrostatic and electrochemical response is investigated. The resultant high dimensional dataset is visualized using a purely statistical approach that does not require a priori physical models, allowing for qualitative mapping of electrostatic and electrochemical material properties at the solid–liquid interface.

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41

Beine, A. H., E. Dachwitz, L. Wodniok, and M. Stockhausen. "On the Assessment of Dielectric Relaxation Parameters of Liquids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 8 (August 1, 1986): 1060–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-0815.

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In an attempt to outline roughly the "normal” dielectric relaxation behaviour of polar liquids as a reference for the investigation of more complex (e.g. associating) systems, some theoretical considerations and experimental results (mainly on two component mixtures) are presented. They show that for a distinct spectral component a simple equation can be used which approximately relates the relaxation strength to the moment of the relaxing moiety. The rotational relaxation time is practically not affected by the static permittivity but is correlated to the molecular size and the macroscopic viscosity, thus allowing for conclusions on the effective radius of the tumbling moieties.

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42

Machado, Sandro L., Zenite S. Carvalho, Míriam F. Carvalho, and Digna F. Mariz. "Field Permeability Tests Using Organic Liquids in Compacted Brazilian Soils." Soils and Rocks 39, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.393301.

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This paper presents results of field and laboratory permeability tests aimed at evaluating the performance of mineral barriers for the containment of organic liquids (Non Aqueous Phase Liquids, NAPL). Experimental landfills were constructed following optimal ranges of variation of soil index properties proposed previously and the performance of the landfills was evaluated under two distinct weather conditions (rainy and dry periods). A primary test campaign was performed during the rainy period (March to August). Then a second testing campaign was performed from November 2013 to January 2014 (months of low rainfall). The obtained results corroborate several results published in the technical literature: fluids with a low dielectric constant (non polar) tend to present higher intrinsic permeability (K) than polar fluids and the presence of water, the most wettable fluid, reduces the NAPL permeability. Soils with a higher plasticity index, IP, presented higher Kw/KNAPL, (ratio water/NAPL intrinsic permeability) showing that the values of K are dependent on the interactions between solid particles and interstitial fluid. Based on laboratory and field results, optimal ranges of variation of soil index properties are proposed for the construction of mineral barriers for organic liquid containment.

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43

Zhou, Juin W., and M. Hassan Arbab. "Effective Debye relaxation models for binary solutions of polar liquids at terahertz frequencies." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 7 (2021): 4426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp06707e.

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Compared to the Bruggeman model, the proposed effective Debye models accurately predict the complex dielectric functions of alcohol–water mixtures. The improvements in the lower frequencies suggest that the calculations also describe the complex hydrogen-bond networks within the solutions.

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44

Grochulski, T., L. Pszczółkowski, and M. Kempka. "Applicability of extended hydrodynamical model to dielectric relaxation in simple polar liquids." Physical Review Letters 68, no. 24 (June 15, 1992): 3635–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.68.3635.

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45

Hernandez-Perni, Graci, Andrea Stengele, and Hans Leuenberger. "Detection of percolation phenomena in binary polar liquids by broadband dielectric spectroscopy." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 291, no. 1-2 (March 2005): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.07.057.

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46

Bagade, Sanjay H. "Dielectric behaviour and dipole moment of binary mixtures containing certain amides in benzene." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2603, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2603/1/012018.

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Abstract Certain polar amides(v) are dissolved in benzene, a nonpolar solvent(u) to prepare binary mixtures with different composition of the amides like acetanilide, N-N-dimethyl acetamide, N-methyl acetamide, acetamide and formamide. Static relative permittivity ɛ0uv , high frequency permittivity ɛ ∞uv for different weight fraction of polar solute at 30°C are determined. The dielectric behaviour of binary mixtures are investigated under electric field of low frequency by using the Debye model for polar liquids. Static dipole moment µs , dipole moment µv from conductivity measurements and µ t from bond angle and bond moment measurements are computed. The dipole moments are consequence of attractive interaction between the adjacent molecules in binary mixture due to variation of electron densities. Hydrogen bonding, associated charge distribution among the constituent molecules, changes in bond angle values are some of the factors that give rise to dipole moment of binary mixtures. Nearly equal and close values of µs , µv and µt proves the correctness of dielectric behaviour studies of amides- benzene binary mixtures.

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47

Becher, Manuel, Anne Lichtinger, Rafael Minikejew, Michael Vogel, and Ernst A. Rössler. "NMR Relaxometry Accessing the Relaxation Spectrum in Molecular Glass Formers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 5118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095118.

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It is a longstanding question whether universality or specificity characterize the molecular dynamics underlying the glass transition of liquids. In particular, there is an ongoing debate to what degree the shape of dynamical susceptibilities is common to various molecular glass formers. Traditionally, results from dielectric spectroscopy and light scattering have dominated the discussion. Here, we show that nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), primarily field-cycling relaxometry, has evolved into a valuable method, which provides access to both translational and rotational motions, depending on the probe nucleus. A comparison of 1H NMR results indicates that translation is more retarded with respect to rotation for liquids with fully established hydrogen-bond networks; however, the effect is not related to the slow Debye process of, for example, monohydroxy alcohols. As for the reorientation dynamics, the NMR susceptibilities of the structural (α) relaxation usually resemble those of light scattering, while the dielectric spectra of especially polar liquids have a different broadening, likely due to contributions from cross correlations between different molecules. Moreover, NMR relaxometry confirms that the excess wing on the high-frequency flank of the α-process is a generic relaxation feature of liquids approaching the glass transition. However, the relevance of this feature generally differs between various methods, possibly because of their different sensitivities to small-amplitude motions. As a major advantage, NMR is isotope specific; hence, it enables selective studies on a particular molecular entity or a particular component of a liquid mixture. Exploiting these possibilities, we show that the characteristic Cole–Davidson shape of the α-relaxation is retained in various ionic liquids and salt solutions, but the width parameter may differ for the components. In contrast, the low-frequency flank of the α-relaxation can be notably broadened for liquids in nanoscopic confinements. This effect also occurs in liquid mixtures with a prominent dynamical disparity in their components.

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48

Wakai, Chihiro, Alla Oleinikova, Magnus Ott, and Hermann Weingärtner. "How Polar Are Ionic Liquids? Determination of the Static Dielectric Constant of an Imidazolium-based Ionic Liquid by Microwave Dielectric Spectroscopy." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 36 (September 2005): 17028–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp053946+.

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49

Kazaryan, M. A., I. V. Shamanin, I. V. Lomov, S. Yu Dolgopolov, and A. N. Lobanov. "Formation of associates of solvated cations in salt solutions in polar dielectric liquids." Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 38, no. 9 (September 2011): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068335611090016.

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50

Nemamcha, M., J. P. Gosse, A. Denat, and B. Gosse. "Temperature Dependence of Ion Injection by Metallic Electrodes into Non-Polar Dielectric Liquids." IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation EI-22, no. 4 (August 1987): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tei.1987.298908.

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