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1
Cauet, A., S. Ausset, and A. Sailliol. "Plasma lyophilisé : données de deux années d’hémovigilance active." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 33 (September 2014): A125—A126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2014.07.208.
2
Christophe, M., C. Vauthier, C. Civadier, A. Sailliol, and V. Foissaud. "Évaluation des qualités hémostatiques du plasma lyophilisé par mesure de la génération de thrombine." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 20, no. 3 (June 2013): 331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.143.
3
Jost, Daniel. "Administration préhospitalière de plasma lyophilisé « PLYO » au cours d’un choc hémorragique post-traumatique : étude « PREHO-PLYO »." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 25, no. 4 (November 2018): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tracli.2018.08.090.
4
Beaume, S., B. Prunet, J. Cotte, C. N. Guyen, P. Aguillon, D. Vinciguerra, A. Sailliol, E. Meaudre, and E. Kaiser. "Utilisation du plasma lyophilisé (PLYO) en salle d’accueil des urgences vitales (SAUV) pour l’accueil des traumatisés graves." Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation 33 (September 2014): A125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annfar.2014.07.207.
5
ESNAULT, P., P. J. CUNGI, P. ROMANAT, E. D’ARANDA, J. COTTE, G. LACROIX, A. VICHARD, P. AGUILLON, A. SAILLIOL, and E. MEAUDRE. "Transfusion sanguine en opération extérieure. Expérience à l’hôpital médico-chirurgical de Kaboul." Médecine et Armées Vol. 41 No. 5, Volume 41, Numéro 5 (December 1, 2013): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.6709.
Анотація:
Objectifs. - La transfusion sanguine est un des éléments majeurs du soutien médico-chirurgical des militaires en opération extérieure. Les moyens français comportent : des concentrés de globules rouges (CGR), du plasma lyophilisé (PLYO), le sang total (ST) mais ni plaquettes, ni plasma frais congelé. La stratégie transfusionnelle française en opérations militaires extérieures suit l’évolution des savoirs et des moyens. Nous décrivons ici les caractéristiques de la transfusion sanguine à l’hôpital militaire de Kaboul. Matériels et méthodes. - Étude rétrospective des dossiers des patients transfusés entre octobre 2010 et décembre 2011 à Kaboul, à partir du registre local de la transfusion sanguine. Les variables étudiées ont été: caractéristiques des patients, biologie à l’admission, type et quantité des produits transfusionnels, évolution. Résultats. - 126 patients ont été transfusés : militaires (42,3 %) dont militaires français (17,5 %), afghans (77 %), âge moyen 25 ans (+/-13,8). 273 CGR provenant de France ont été transfusés et 350, non utilisés, ont été détruits. Les pathologies ayant conduit à une transfusion ont été : blessure de guerre 60,3 %, traumatismes 16,7 %, autres 23 %. Dans les 24 premières heures, les patients ont reçu : 2,1±1,8 CGR, 1,3±2,9 poches de ST et 2,2±2,4 PLYO. Le ratio PLYO/CGR était de 1/1,6. Une transfusion massive (> 10 CGR ou ST) a concerné 7,9 % des patients. 27 % des patients ont reçu du ST. On note 13,5 % de décès. Conclusion. - L’utilisation du ST et du PLYO en substitution, respectivement, des concentrés plaquettaires et des PFC, permet d’apporter des soins de qualité dans un contexte logistiquement contraint tout en maîtrisant les coûts.
6
Jennings, I., T. A. L. Woods, F. E. Preston, and S. Kitchen. "Local Calibration of International Normalised Ratio Improves between Laboratory Agreement: Results from the UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 81, no. 01 (1999): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1614419.
Анотація:
SummaryIn the present study we have performed local calibration of International Normalised Ratio (INR) measurement systems in a large series of laboratories. We assigned INRs to five lyophilised plasma calibrants, one prepared from normal plasma and four using plasma from war-farinised patients, using different International Reference Preparations for Thromboplastin. These five calibrants, and two lyophilised test plasmas were analysed by 349 centres using 60 different thromboplastin instrument combinations.Plasma calibrants were assigned INRs using the WHO reference thromboplastin RBT-90 or the European reference thromboplastin CRM 149R. Each participating centre determined PTs of the calibrants with their local system. These PTs were then used to construct a local calibration graph relating PT to INR. The PTs of test plasmas were converted directly into INR using the local calibration model and into INR using the conventional method. The overall medians of conventionally derived INRs of two test plasmas analysed in 349 centres were 2.50 and 3.10, compared to 2.47 and 3.04 after local calibration where RBT-90 was employed to assign INRs to calibrants. Use of CRM 149R to assign INRs to calibrants led to a significant (p <0.0001) increase in INR to 2.7 and 3.36 respectively. When results were grouped according to the thromboplastin employed, agreement between results with different reagents was improved by local calibration. There was a significant reduction (p <0.01) in the spread of results in different centres as indicated by a reduction in coefficient of variation.
7
Roche, Céline, Stéphane Bouzard, Véronique Cellarier, Thomas Pouget, Benoît Clavier, and Anne Sailliol. "Formation des médecins et infirmiers à la transfusion en situation de crise – Expérience du centre de transfusion sanguine des armées dans la formation à la collecte et transfusion de sang total et de plasma lyophilisé en situation d’exception." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 23, no. 4 (November 2016): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tracli.2016.08.017.
8
Langley, Katy, Andrew Chitolie, Ri Liesner, Marie Scully, Samuel Machin, Flora Peyvandi, and Ian Mackie. "Discrepancies between ADAMTS13 activity assays in patients with thrombotic microangiopathies." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 109, no. 03 (2013): 488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th12-08-0565.
Анотація:
SummaryADAMTS13 activity assays are sometimes useful in confirming the clinical diagnosis or to distinguish different thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA). We investigated the commonly used clinical assays for ADAMTS13 activity. 159 samples from normal subjects or acquired TMA patients were studied in collagen binding (CBA), Fret and chromogenic peptide substrate assays. Frozen aliquots of pooled normal plasma gave similar values by CBA, Fret-VWF73 peptide, Fret-VWF86 and chromogenic VWF73 ELISA (chr-VWF73). Two lyophilised commercial calibrants gave lower ADAMTS13 activity by CBA than peptide substrate assays. The addition of solid HEPES to normal plasma caused a significant fall in CBA, but not Fret-VWF73 activity and might partly explain the differences, since lyophilised plasmas are often HEPES buffered. Normal plasmas showed good agreement between CBA and Fret assays, although chr-VWF73 gave slightly higher values. In acquired TMA, there was reasonable agreement between assays for samples with <11% ADAMTS13 activity (83% of samples showed agreement between CBA, Fret-VWF73 and chr-VWF73), but samples with moderate deficiency frequently showed lower CBA levels (only 41–52% agreement). However, there were also some discrepancies among the peptide substrate assays, with Fret-VWF86 sometimes giving slightly higher values than the VWF73 substrate assays. An International reference plasma might improve standardisation, but is not the only problem. It is unclear which assay has greatest clinical utility, this may depend on the nature of the sample. If the activity does not match the clinical picture, an alternative method should be performed. Where therapeutic monitoring is required, the same activity assay should be used throughout.
9
Schoenfeld, Helge, Axel Pruss, Mareike Keller, Michael Schuster, Kristian Meinck, Bruno Neuner, and Christian von Heymann. "Lyophilised plasma: evaluation of clotting factor activity over 6 days after reconstitution for transfusion." Journal of Clinical Pathology 63, no. 8 (August 2010): 726–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2010.079293.
Анотація:
AimsLittle is known about long-term stability of clotting factors in dissolved human lyophilised plasma. This study evaluated clotting factor and inhibitor activity in reconstituted lyophilised plasma after storage for up to 6 days at 4°C.MethodsFive samples from different lots of pooled lyophilised plasma (LyoPlas; German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service West) were reconstituted. The activity of fibrinogen, factor II (FII), FV, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, FXI, FXII, FXIII, antithrombin, plasmin inhibitor, von Willebrand factor antigen, free protein S and protein C were determined immediately and at 2, 4, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h after reconstitution. Tests for bacterial contamination were performed after 12, 72 and 144 h from each plasma bottle.ResultsStorage at 4°C for 6 h led to a decrease in the activity of FVIII (Δ −14.9%), FIX (Δ −6.9%) and FXI (Δ −6.3%), and an increase in the activity of plasmin inhibitor (Δ +10.2%). Storage for up to 6 days resulted in a further decrease in activity of FVIII (Δ −24.3%), FIX (Δ −13.4%) and FXI (Δ −22.9%), and, additionally, a decrease in the activity of FV (Δ −15.0%), fibrinogen (Δ −6.9%) and plasmin inhibitor (Δ −17.5%). Other factors and inhibitors, with exception of protein C (Δ +8.2%), remained almost unchanged over time. Blood cultures were sterile and showed no bacterial growth.ConclusionsThe activity of all measured coagulation factors and inhibitors in a time course of up to 6 days met required quality standards. Further in vivo testing is required to demonstrate safety and efficacy of extended clinical use of refrigerated reconstituted lyophilised plasma.
10
Kitchen, S., I. Jennings, T. A. L. Woods, I. D. Walker, and F. E. Preston. "Two Recombinant Tissue Factor Reagents Compared to Conventional Thromboplastins for Determination of International Normalised Ratio: A Thirty-three-laboratory Collaborative Study." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 76, no. 03 (1996): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1650586.
Анотація:
SummaryRecent advances in recombinant technology have led to the development of prothrombin time (PT) reagents containing recombinant tissue factor which has been lipidated to allow expression of procoagulant activity. In this study we have compared International Normalised Ratios (INRs) determined using two such reagents and conventional thromboplastins in widespread use in the UK.Lyophilised plasma samples from eight different warfarinised patients were distributed to 33 laboratories in the UK. Each participant determined prothrombin times on 20 local fresh normal plasmas (used to derive mean normal PT and calculate INR) and the eight lyophilised samples, using manual technique and the following thromboplastins; Recombiplastin (Ortho Diagnostics Ltd); Innovin (Baxter Diagnostics Ltd); the conventional thromboplastin in local use.For eight plasmas the mean INRs determined with different reagents were as follows: Innovin (33 laboratories) - 3.4; Manchester Reagent (MR = 8 laboratories) - 3.4; Recombiplastin (33 laboratories) - 3.7; Instrumentation Laboratory (IL = 13 laboratories) - 4.4.Mean INR results with Recombiplastin were on average 7% greater than those obtained with Innovin, 8% greater than results with MR and 18% less than INRs with IL thromboplastin. There was no significant difference between results obtained with Innovin and MR. In contrast INRs obtained with IL were markedly (mean 28%) greater than results obtained with Innovin.This study employed lyophilised plasma and it is possible that some of the relationships described are influenced by this. However, the lyo-philisation process employed did not influence the relationship between INRs of warfarinised plasmas obtained by the four main reagents described, indicating that the results are relevant to routine clinical practice.In conclusion, our data show some important differences are present between INRs determined using Recombiplastin, Innovin and two conventional thromboplastins.
11
Gaffney, Patrick J., and M. Y. Wong. "Collaborative Study of a Proposed International Standard for Plasma Fibrinogen Measurement." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 68, no. 04 (1992): 428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646291.
Анотація:
SummaryThere is increased interest in the relationship between plasma fibrinogen levels and the incidence of coronary artery disease. The National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (UK) has completed a study to establish an International Standard for plasma fibrinogen. This study was conducted using a recommended assay procedure to measure the clottable material present in the proposed lyophilised Standard (coded 89/644). Twenty-two laboratories from nine countries took part in the study and analysis of the data allowed the calibration of 89/644 at 2.4 mg/ml clottable protein. Agreement with this figure was established in two laboratories using three or more different assays for plasma fibrinogen. Degradation studies of the proposed plasma fibrinogen Standard suggested that no loss of clottable protein was observed when the lyophilised material was stored at 20° C for 1 year.The Fibrinogen Sub-Committee of the ISTH (Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 1991) supported the establishment of 89/644 as an International Standard. This collaborative study will be presented to the Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation of the World Health Organisation at their 1992 session. In the meantime 89/644 will be distributed as the proposed International Standard for plasma fibrinogen measurement containing 2.4 mg/ ml clottable protein.
12
Egberg, Nils, Andreas Hillarp, Ole Ødegaard, Bror Edlund, Jan Svensson, Per Sandset, Mats Rånby, and Tomas Lindahl. "INR calibration of Owren-type prothrombin time based on the relationship between PT% and INR utilizing normal plasma samples." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 91, no. 06 (2004): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th03-07-0456.
Анотація:
SummaryProthrombin time (PT) is clinically important and is used to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy. To obtain PT results in international normalized ratio (INR), the current standardization procedure is complex and involves reference reagents.The PT of diluted plasma samples can be determined with a combined thromboplastin (the Owren-type procedure), but not necessarily with a plain thromboplastin (the Quick-type procedure). Owren-type PT procedures can therefore, as an alternative to the INR calibration, be calibrated with diluted normal plasma to give PT results in percent of normal PT activity (PT%).The present study explored if a plasma-based calibration of an Owren-type PT procedure can be used to obtain results in INR. The approach was to establish a relationship between PT% and INR by multi-center analysis of 365 samples from healthy individuals and patients on warfarin treatment. INR values were obtained by manual Quick-type reference procedure and PT% values by various automated Owren-type procedures. A relationship INR = (1/PT% + 0.018)/0.028 was found. A calibration procedure, based on the relationship, was investigated. Calibrators were the median PT of 21 normal plasma at dilutions representing 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25% of normal PT activity. These were assigned INR values of 1.00, 1.36, 2.07, 3.05 and 6.36. Calibration of various Owren-type assays was repeatedly performed by 5 expert laboratories during 3 consecutive years. The INR values of certain lyophilised or frozen control plasmas were determined. The frozen control plasmas had externally assigned INR values according to WHO guidelines. Within the laboratory, CV was typically below 3%. No appreciable difference among the results of the different laboratories or the three assay occasions was found. Externally assigned and INR values were essentially identical to those found. These and other results indicated that the calibration procedure was reproducible, precise and accurate. Thus, an Owren-type PT assay can be calibrated with normal plasma samples to give results in INR and the investigated calibration procedure can be proposed for this purpose.
13
Goggs, Robert, Signe Cremer, and Marjory B. Brooks. "Evaluation of cytokine concentrations in a trehalose-stabilised lyophilised canine platelet product: a preliminary study." Veterinary Record Open 7, no. 1 (August 2020): e000366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2019-000366.
Анотація:
BackgroundPlatelet transfusion is indicated for haemorrhage due to severe thrombocytopenia and for trauma associated coagulopathy. Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions are a common complication of platelet transfusions in people and may be due to accumulated inflammatory cytokines. The present study aimed to determine the cytokine profile of a novel canine lyophilised platelet product following reconstitution, to assess the lyophilised platelets’ activation response to physiological platelet agonists and to compare the cytokine profiles of basal and stimulated canine lyophilised platelets.MethodsCell counts and biochemical analyses were conducted following reconstitution. Cytokine concentrations were measured with a canine-specific multiplex immunocapture assay and with an electrochemiluminescent ELISA. Aliquots of reconstituted product from three separate vials were activated for 10 minutes under non-stirred conditions using adenosine diphosphate, thrombin or convulxin and their cytokine concentrations compared with unactivated samples. Flow cytometry and light-transmission aggregometry were used to evaluate the product’s ability to express a procoagulant surface, degranulate and aggregate. Fresh platelet-rich plasma was used as a positive control.ResultsThe product had a mean±SD particle count of 1.23±0.2×109/ml, contained platelets that expressed surface phosphatidylserine before agonist stimulation and was capable of aggregation in response to thrombin stimulation suggesting that the product may have haemostatic potential following in vivo administration. Cytokine concentrations measured by the immunocapture assay were generally low, while twofold to threefold increases relative to published intervals were noted for several cytokines using the ELISA. Concentrations of chemokine (C-X-C) motif ligand 8 and tumour necrosis factor-α were significantly increased as measured by the ELISA, but not by the immunocapture assay, while concentrations of KC-like were significantly increased as measured by the immunocapture assay. Stimulation with platelet agonists did not affect measured cytokine concentrations.ConclusionFurther study of the effects of administration of this lyophilised platelet product is warranted.
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Stadler, Monika, Gerhard Gruber, Christoph Kannicht, Lothar Biesert, Kai-Uwe Radomski, Haryadi Suhartono, Katharina Pock, et al. "Characterisation of the Novel, High Purity, Double Virus Inactivated Von Willebrand Factor and Factor VIII Concentrate Wilate®." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 4067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4067.4067.
Анотація:
Abstract Purpose: This study summarizes the characteristics and virus safety profile of Wilate®, a new human plasma-derived, high purity, double virus inactivated VWF/FVIII concentrate. The manufacturing process comprises two chromatographic steps, ensuring high purity and preserving the integrity and functionality of the VWF/FVIII complex. The optimised solvent/detergent treatment (S/D) and terminal dry-heat treatment (PermaHeat) of the lyophilised product provide two effective and robust virus inactivation steps for enveloped (EV) and one step for non-enveloped viruses (NEV). Methods: Functional and structural properties of the VWF/FVIII concentrate were studied utilising state-of-the-art assays. The reduction factors for a panel of model viruses were determined in down-scale experiments valid for the respective manufacturing steps. Summary of results: The integrity of the VWF/FVIII concentrate was confirmed by all tests. The ratio between VWF:RCo and FVIII:C was close to that in plasma of blood donors. The VWF multimeric profile demonstrated >10 bands in all batches and the triplet structure was very well preserved. A high specific activity, on average 122 IU FVIII:C/mg total protein, was measured in 15 batches recently produced. SE–HPLC revealed a one-peak-product, representing the VWF/FVIII-complex. All viruses tested were rapidly inactivated by at least 4 log10. The PermaHeat treatment of the lyophilised product at +100°C for 2 hours, at a specified residual moisture of 0.7–1.6%, was efficient for the inactivation of both EV and NEV. Conclusion: Wilate® is a high purity, double virus inactivated concentrate containing functional VWF and FVIII in a ratio close to plasma of healthy subjects. The product has an excellent viral safety profile. The safe and effective treatment of patients with von Willebrand disease and haemophilia A was demonstrated in multiple clinical trials.
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Kannicht, Christoph, Monika Stadler, Andrea Neisser-Svae, and Gerhard Gruber. "Protein-Biochemical Characterisation of Wilate®: Determination of the Upper Residual Moisture Limit during Terminal Dry-Heat Treatment (PermaHeat)." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 4066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4066.4066.
Анотація:
Abstract Purpose: Wilate® is a novel, human plasma-derived, high purity, double virus inactivated coagulation factor concentrate. The safe and effective treatment of von Willebrand disease patients and haemophilia A has been demonstrated in clinical trials. The very high virus safety is achieved by an optimised solvent/detergent (S/D) method and terminal dry-heat treatment (PermaHeat) of the lyophilised product, not affecting the integrity of the proteins, which was investigated in this study. Methods: Analyses of PermaHeat treated (+100°C for 120 min) Wilate® samples with different residual moisture (RM) contents were performed in order to evaluate the upper RM limit in lyophilised samples. Samples with RM up to 7.3% were subjected to SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and peptide mapping. Further investigations were based on FVIII:C activity testing and phospholipid binding properties, VWF multimer analysis, Ristocetin cofactor (VWF:RCo) activity and collagen binding (VWF:CB). Summary of results: The analyses confirmed that the structural and functional integrities of both VWF and FVIII were maintained during PermaHeat of Wilate® at +100°C for 120 minutes when the RM was kept at or below 1.8% during the heating procedure. Changes of protein-biochemical properties were detectable only for RM values exceeding 2%. Denaturation of samples occurred at RM of more than 3.5%. Conclusion: Beside S/D treatment, optimised PermaHeat treatment of the lyophilised VWF/FVIII product ensures the high viral safety margin of Wilate®. According to the results, the RM content during PermaHeat treatment was specified with a great safety margin to a maximum of 1.6%. This limit is carefully controlled in each vial before heating by RM testing utilising near infrared (NIR). At or below this RM no structural or functional changes of VWF and FVIII were detected after PermaHeat treatment.
16
Gokhale, S. G., Thomas Scorer, and H. Doughty. "Freedom from frozen: the first British military use of lyophilised plasma in forward resuscitation." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 162, no. 1 (December 22, 2014): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2014-000361.
17
Hirst, C. F., and L. Poller. "The cause of turbidity in lyophilised plasmas and its effects on coagulation tests." Journal of Clinical Pathology 45, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 701–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.45.8.701.
18
van den Besselaar, A. M. "Field study of lyophilised plasmas for local prothrombin time calibration in The Netherlands." Journal of Clinical Pathology 50, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.50.5.371.
19
Sicard, Bruno, Frédéric Marouzé, Céline Roche, Mathieu Carron, Sylvain Ausset, and Anne Sailliol. "Bleeding management in remote environment: the use of fresh whole blood transfusion and lyophilised plasma." International Maritime Health 67, no. 2 (June 28, 2016): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/imh.2016.0016.
20
Cespedes, B., Y. S. Wong, P. Poblete, F. Navarrete, L. Mendez, L. Rodriguez-Alvarez, J. Cabezas, and F. O. Castro. "249 Lyophilised platelet-rich plasma stimulates migration of equine endometrial mesenchymal stem and epithelial cells." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 35, no. 2 (December 5, 2022): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv35n2ab249.
21
Gray, Elaine, William M. Pickering, Alison H. Goodall, and Trevor W. Barrowcliffe. "Comparison of the Procoagulant Activity of Freeze-Dried and Fresh Platelets with Phospholipid in Three Phospholipid Dependent Assays." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 3990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3990.3990.
Анотація:
Abstract Background and Objective: Platelet activation and coagulation together determine the haemostatic activity of plasma. When activated, platelets expose phosphatidylserine (PS) at their outer surface, on which the tenase and prothrombinase complexes assemble, forming FXa and thrombin, respectively. In in-vitro tests phospholipid vesicles are normally used as a platelet substitute. However it is not clear if PL vesicles behave in the same way as platelets. The objective of the study was to compare and contrast the procoagulant activity (PCA) of lyophilized platelets, a bovine brain phospholipid standard (NIBSC 91/542) against fresh platelets using three phospholipid (PL) dependent assays. Inhibition of this PCA by Annexin A5 (AA5) and an anti-PS antibody (3G4) was also studied. Methods and Materials: Lyophilised fixed platelets were obtained from Bio/Data corporation. Fresh platelets were collected into ACD-A from healthy donors and then gel-filtered through Sepharose 2B. Fresh platelets were activated by A23187 (10μM) before use in the assay systems. Platelet counts over a range of 10–200 x 109/L were used in the assays. FXa and prothrombinase generation were measured in purified chromogenic systems, and calibrated against FXa and IIa standards. The time course of thrombin generated in plasma activated by FIXa was monitored, and peak thrombin levels and the total amount of free thrombin measured over time (ETP). AA5 and 3G4 at concentrations of 3.3–33 μM and 50–400 μg/mL respectively were used to inhibit the assembly and function of macromolecular coagulant enzyme complexes. Results: Fresh platelets were 2.3 and 2.8-fold more potent than lyophilized platelets and PL standard respectively, in supporting FXa generation. When prothrombinase activity was measured, fresh platelets were 3.4 and 38-fold more potent than the lyophilized platelets and PL standard, respectively. Lyophilised platelets were 11-fold more potent than the PL standard. When thrombin generation was investigated fresh platelets were 3.1 (peak thrombin) and 3.7-fold (ETP) more potent than lyophilized platelets and 2.2 (peak thrombin) and 7-fold (ETP) more active than the PL standard. Lyophilised platelets were 0.7 (peak thrombin) and 1.9-fold more active than the PL standard. The tenase and prothrombinase PCA supported by the PL standard and fresh platelets were more susceptible to AA5 (8.3μM) inhibition (>70%) than lyophilized platelets (45 – 59%) though this activity was totally inhibited at 33μM. In the same tests 3G4 (400μg/mL) completely inhibited the PL standard but was only able to inhibit fresh and lyophilized platelets by 40–80%. Thrombin generation supported by the PL standard was completely inhibited by AA5 (16.5μM). Lyophilised platelets were more susceptible to the action of AA5 than fresh platelets. However 3G4 (400μg/mL) was unable to completely inhibit thrombin generation activity supported by PL standard or platelet preparations. 3G4 for all preparations delayed the time taken for peak thrombin levels to be reached. Conclusions: Lyophilized platelets showed similar activity patterns to the PL standard in supporting tenase and thrombin formation/generation, though they were more active than the PL standard. Fresh-platelets were significantly better able to support these complexes, probably because of the presence of specific receptors for FVa and FXa and the maintenance of membrane fluidity.
22
Kuhn, Antonia I., Marc Müller, Sara Knigge, and Birgit Glasmacher. "Novel blood protein based scaffolds for cardiovascular tissue engineering." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2016): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2016-0005.
Анотація:
AbstractA major challenge in cardiovascular tissue engineering is the fabrication of scaffolds, which provide appropriate morphological and mechanical properties while avoiding undesirable immune reactions. In this study electrospinning was used to fabricate scaffolds out of blood proteins for cardiovascular tissue engineering. Lyophilised porcine plasma was dissolved in deionised water at a final concentration of 7.5% m/v and blended with 3.7% m/v PEO. Electrospinning resulted in homogeneous fibre morphologies with a mean fibre diameter of 151 nm, which could be adapted to create macroscopic shapes (mats, tubes). Cross-linking with glutaraldehyde vapour improved the long-term stability of protein based scaffolds in comparison to untreated scaffolds, resulting in a mass loss of 41% and 96% after 28 days of incubation in aqueous solution, respectively.
23
Raftis, Jennifer, Andrew Lucking, Amanda Hunter, Mike Millar, Mike Fitzpatrick, Giora Feuerstein, David Newby, and Nikhil Joshi. "Lyophilised reconstituted human platelets increase thrombus formation in a clinical ex vivo model of deep arterial injury." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 108, no. 07 (2012): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th12-02-0059.
Анотація:
SummaryPlatelets are the principal component of the innate haemostatic system that protect from traumatic bleeding. We investigated whether lyophilised human platelets (LHPs) could enhance clot formation within platelet-free and whole blood environments using an ex vivo model of deep arterial injury. Lyophilised human platelets were produced from stored human platelets and characterised using conventional, fluorescent and electron microscopic techniques. LHPs were resuspended in platelet-free plasma (PFP) obtained from citrated whole human blood to form final concentrations of 0,20 and 200 × 109 LHPs/L. LHPs with recalcified PFP or whole blood were perfused through the chamber at low (212 s-1) and high (1,690 s-1) shear rates with porcine aortic tunica media as thrombogenic substrate. LHPs shared morphological characteristics with native human platelets and were incorporated into clot generated from PFP or whole blood. Histomorphometrically measured mean thrombus area increased in a dose-dependent manner following the addition of LHPs to PFP under conditions of high shear [704 μm2 ± 186 μm2 (mean ± SEM), 1,511 μm2 ± 320 μm2 and 2,378 μm2 ± 315 μm2, for LHPs at 0, 20 and 200 × 109 /l, respectively (p= 0.012)]. Lyophil-ised human platelets retain haemostatic properties when reconstituted in both PFP and whole blood, and enhance thrombus formation in a model of deep arterial injury. These data suggest that LHPs have the potential to serve as a therapeutic intervention during haemorrhage under circumstances of trauma, and platelet depletion or dysfunction.
24
Clarke, K., D. A. Taberner, J. M. Thomson, J. A. Morris, and L. Poller. "Assessment of value of calibrated lyophilised plasmas to determine International Sensitivity Index for coagulometers." Journal of Clinical Pathology 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.45.1.58.
25
Rengarajoo, Jonathan, Wei Cheong Ngeow, and Norliza Binti Ibrahim. "The effects of lyophilised platelet-rich plasma in third molar extraction sockets and its surrounding tissues." Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 17, no. 2 (April 2022): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.10.015.
26
Gaffney, Patrick J., and Tracey A. Edgell. "The International Standard for Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Activity." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 76, no. 01 (1996): 080–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1650526.
Анотація:
SummarySince the finding that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) may influence the initiation and progression of acute myocardial infarction, the assay of PAI-1 in plasma using a variety of commercial kits has become commonplace. The need for a standard to define the activity of PAI-1 prompted an international collaborative study (ICS) to calibrate the functional potency of a lyophilised plasma PAI-1 preparation (92/654). Since PAI-1 inhibits the 2 major plasminogen activators, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urinary-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) in an equimolar manner it was important to establish the potency of the PAI-1 inhibitor in terms of both t-PA and u-PA neutralisation. While the ICS indicated a wide spread of data between the laboratories the mean value of 27.5 t-PA neutralisation units and 7.0 u-PA neutralisation units was confirmed by numerous assays at NIBSC using a tedious but technically reliable titration assay procedure. The plasma PAI-1 proposed standard (92/654) was stable at 20° C for 20 months.The Fibrinolysis Subcommittee of the Scientific and Standardization Committee (SSC) of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH), (meeting in Leuven, Belgium in September 1994) has recommended that the plasma PAI-1 (92/654) should be accepted as the International Standard for PAI-1 and should define a unitage in terms of both t-PA and u-PA neutralisation. Subsequently the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization of the World Health Organization (ECBS-WHO) meeting in Geneva, Switzerland in October 1995 approved plasma PAI-1 (92/654) as the International Standard.
27
Thomson, Jean M., K. V. Darby, and L. Poller. "Calibration of BCT/441, the ICSH Reference Preparation for Thromboplastin." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 55, no. 03 (1986): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1661568.
Анотація:
SummaryAn international collaborative exercise has been undertaken to calibrate a secondary international reference preparation (IRP) of thromboplastin on behalf of the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH). This preparation of British Comparative Thromboplastin (BCT/441) is required because supplies of the WHO primary IRP (BCT/253) are necessarily limited.The calibration was performed at seven centres with only a small degree of interlaboratory variation. As a result of this study an ISI value of 1.04 has been assigned to the preparation.Opportunity was also taken to assess the reliability of a simplified calibration based on lyophilised plasmas. The results of the latter appeared reliable.BCT/441 will be available to officially designated National Control Laboratories for calibration of local thromboplastins to promote prothrombin time standardization in oral anticoagulant control.
28
Yeung, Chi-Yung, Pai-Shan Hsieh, Lin-Gwei Wei, Li-Chuan Hsia, Lien-Guo Dai, Keng-Yen Fu, and Niann-Tzyy Dai. "Efficacy of Lyophilised Platelet-Rich Plasma Powder on Healing Rate in Patients With Deep Second Degree Burn Injury." Annals of Plastic Surgery 80 (February 2018): S66—S69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000001328.
29
Jennings, I., S. Kitchen, T. A. L. Woods, F. E. Preston, and M. Greaves. "Potentially Clinically Important Inaccuracies in Testing for the Lupus Anticoagulant: an Analysis of Results from three Surveys of the UK National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 77, no. 05 (1997): 0934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1656080.
Анотація:
SummaryThe identification of the presence of antiphospholipid in plasma is recognised to be of diagnostic and prognostic importance in subjects with thrombotic disease, recurrent miscarriage or collagen vascular disorders. A number of coagulation assays are currently employed for the detection of lupus anticoagulant (LA), many of which are influenced by reagent dependent and methodological variables.In the present study lyophilised plasma samples from three subjects with “strong”, “weak” and “absent” LA were tested in 220 centres. The most commonly used tests for LA were Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Dilute Russell Viper Venom Time (DRVVT) and Kaolin Clotting Time (KCT). Median DRVVT ratios were 1.75, 1.17 and 1.10 for the three samples. The presence of a strong LA was not detected by 4% of laboratories. The correct diagnosis was made by 94% of users of DRVVT and 85% of users of KCT. A weak LA was not detected by over half of centres. Correction was observed on addition of plasma and also in platelet neutralisation. The correct diagnosis was made by 37% of users of DRVVT and 27% of users of KCT. Lupus Anticoagulant was falsely considered to be present in a Factor IX deficient plasma by approximately one quarter of laboratories. Amongst users of DRVVT and KCT absence of LA in this sample was correctly reported by 73% and 69% of centres respectively.The accuracy of testing for LA in the present study is suboptimal and this is likely to have important clinical consequences. There is clearly a need for greater conformity in the selection and performance of LA tests to facilitate accurate diagnosis of this important group of disorders.
30
Rohde, Gabriele, Gertrud Stratmann, Christian Hesse, Natalie Herth, Stephan Schwers, Elisabeth Perzborn, Edelgard Lindhoff-Last, and Helen Mani. "Accurate determination of rivaroxaban levels requires different calibrator sets but not addition of antithrombin." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 108, no. 07 (2012): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th11-12-0832.
Анотація:
SummaryRivaroxaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor, which can be monitored by anti-factor Xa chromogenic assays. This ex vivo study evaluated different assays for accurate determination of rivaroxaban levels. Eighty plasma samples from patients receiving rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) 10 mg once daily and 20 plasma samples from healthy volunteers were investigated using one anti-factor Xa assay with the addition of exogenous antithrombin and two assays without the addition of antithrombin. Two different lyophilised rivaroxaban calibration sets were used for each assay (low concentration set: 0, 14.5, 59.6 and 97.1 ng/ml; high concentration set: 0, 48.3, 101.3, 194.2 and 433.3 ng/ml). Using a blinded study design, the rivaroxaban concentrations determined by the assays were compared with concentrations measured by HPLC-MS/MS. All assays showed a linear relationship between the rivaroxaban concentrations measured by HPLC-MS/MS and the optical density of the anti-FXa assays. However, the assay with the addition of exogenous anti-thrombin detected falsely high concentrations of rivaroxaban even in plasma samples from controls who had not taken rivaroxaban (intercept values using the high calibrator set and the low calibrator set: +26.49 ng/ml and +13.71 ng/ml, respectively). Plasma samples, initially determined by the high calibrator setting and containing rivaroxaban concentrations <25 ng/ml, had to be re-run using the low calibrator setting for precise measurement. In conclusion, anti-factor Xa chromogenic assays that use rivaroxaban calibrators at different concentration levels can be used to measure accurately a wide range of rivaroxaban concentrations ex vivo. Assays including exogenous antithrombin are unsuitable for measurement of rivaroxaban.
31
Egberg, Nils, Gunnar Nordin, Lennart Stigendal, Inger Fagerberg, Tomas Lindahl, and Andreas Hillarp. "Local INR calibration of the Owren type prothrombin assay greatly improves the intra- and interlaboratory variation." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 91, no. 02 (2004): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th03-07-0419.
Анотація:
SummaryIn 1999, a simplified procedure for calibration of the Owren prothrombin time (Owren PT) assay was introduced by a working group of the organisation for national quality assurance in laboratory medicine in Sweden. The new protocol allowed local calibration by means of only two lyophilised national plasma calibrators and expression of results as an international normalized ratio (INR). This is our report of a three-year follow-up involving the analysis of data from all laboratories, in hospitals (n=88 in 2002) and primary health care units (n=246 in 2002) that perform the Owren PT assay in Sweden. The interlaboratory variation was significantly improved after the introduction of the new calibration procedure. For the larger hospital-based laboratories, the mean coefficient of variation (CV) was reduced from 7.9% to 5.2% (p<0.0001) when analysing test materials with INR range 2-4. In the higher INR range (>4), the CV was reduced even further, from 10.4% to 6.8% (p<0.0001). The corresponding results from smaller laboratories in the primary health care units showed a similar decrease in CV from 8.2% to 5.7% in the INR range 2-4 (p<0.0001). At the INR range >4, the CV was reduced from 9.5% to 7.8%. The intralaboratory variation was also improved for both types of laboratory categories. This study shows an improved precision, with CV less than 6% at the therapeutic INR range, for both hospital-based laboratories and smaller laboratories in the primary health care system. The results indicate that the Owren PT assay is well suited for local INR calibration employing only two calibrant plasmas in a simplified procedure.
32
Raby, Anne, Karen Moffat, Greg Flynn, Mark Crowther, and Adam Cuker. "Interlaboratory variation in heparin monitoring: Lessons from the Quality Management Program of Ontario coagulation surveys." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 104, no. 10 (2010): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th10-02-0099.
Анотація:
SummaryUnfractionated heparin (UFH) monitoring is subject to substantial inter-laboratory variation. We analysed results of annual coagulation surveys administered by the Quality Management Program – Laboratory Services (Toronto, ON, Canada) from 2003 to 2007 to evaluate variation in UFH monitoring across Ontario. Participating laboratories performed an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) utilising their local methodology on lyophilised human plasma spiked with UFH. In the 2006 and 2007 surveys, laboratories licensed to perform anti-Xa assays also reported anti-Xa activity results. The APTT differed significantly between heparin-sensitive and heparin-insensitive methods (p<0.0005). Within-method variation was observed and increased with increasing heparin concentration. Among laboratories performing an APTT and anti-Xa, the coefficient of variation was greater in the anti-Xa than in the APTT for both the 2006 (64.0% vs. 10.5%) and 2007 (15.0% vs. 11.6%) surveys. Substantial interlaboratory variation in UFH monitoring, both between and within APTT methods, was observed and was not reduced by use of an anti-Xa assay.
33
Bader, R., P. M. M. Mannucci, A. Tripodi, J. Hirsh, F. Keller, E. M. Solleder, P. Hawkins, et al. "Multicentric Evaluation of a New PT Reagent Based on Recombinant Human Tissue Factor and Synthetic Phospholipids." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 71, no. 03 (1994): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642433.
Анотація:
SummaryA new PT reagent based on recombinant human tissue factor and synthetic phospholipids (phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl serine) with defined fatty acid side chains was calibrated against BCT/253 and CRM 149R. A small but consistent bias in the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) value was obtained using either the human or rabbit brain reference material. ISI values were around 1.0 or slightly lower depending on the respective instrument. Mixing studies with factor deficient plasmas showed a high factor sensitivity especially for factor VII as compared to commercial rabbit brain or human placenta thromboplastin. In an international field trial the reagent was tested using fully or semi automated Electra™ coagulometers in 4 different laboratories. Results with normal samples were in excellent agreement among the different laboratories. Mean values were 10.9, 10.9, 11.0, 11,7 s with a range of 9.5 to 12.5 s. Results of males and females were not different. In patients with liver disease very similar PT activities were found as compared to sensitive rabbit brain or human placental thromboplastins. In normals and patients with oral anticoagulation INR values correlated very well against BCT (r = 0.98, regression line y =-0.07 + 0.9 x). The distribution of samples was linear over the whole range. In the comparison against sensitive rabbit brain thromboplastin or human placental thromboplastin similar correlations were found. In a few cases higher INR values were observed for the recombinant reagent especially in patients with intensive treatment. Factor assays in those patients showed at least the strong reduction of one vitamin Independent coagulation factor. Over all the linearity was better against the rabbit brain reagent than against the human placental reagent which is slightly less factor VII sensitive as shown in mixing studies with normal and factor VII deficient plasma. Precision studies in the 4 laboratories showed excellent reproducibility of lyophilised controls or local patient plasma pools for all reagents with a better performance of the recombinant reagent. C. V. values from day to day ranged from 1.3% to 5% for normal and abnormal controls.These results show that the recombinant PT reagent, especially in conjunction with a precise automated instrument, may improve the results of PT testing and thus may lead to better patient care.
34
U, Vyas Pooja, Khobragade Deepak S, Mundhada Dharmendra R, Shrivastava Sandeep P, MundhadaVyas Ujwal B, and Pethe Anil M. "Preclinical Evaluation of Effi cacy of Processed PRP and Fresh PRP in Diabetic Wound Healing." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 14, no. 01 (March 25, 2023): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.14.1.23.
Анотація:
Background: One in four people with diabetes will experience diabetic wounds at some point in their lifespan, which is among the diabetes complications that have the worst eff ects on quality of life. The study’s objective was a comparative preclinical study of the effi cacy of fresh platelet-rich plasma (PRP) Vs L-PRP in diabetic wound. Methods: Twenty four rabbits were used to study the effi cacy. Diabetes was generated in the rabbits, and the diabetic wound’s perilesional region received PRP treatment. The comparative evaluation by done by counting the wound area and rate of healing. Results: There was more than three folds rise in growth factors in lyophillised-PRP than compared to fresh PRP. The rate of wound healing was much fast in lyophilised PRP group. In the control group the wound was unhealed by 30th day and also showed pus cell formation and symptoms of infection. However, it was completely healed on 25th day when treated with L-PRP stored at 8℃. Conclusion: The outcomes prompted clinical research to compare L-PRP to fresh PRP’s effi cacy.
35
Flaujac, Claire, Xavier Delavenne, Sara Quenet, Marie-Hélenè Horellou, Silvy Laporte, Virginie Siguret, Thomas Lecompte, and Isabelle Gouin-Thibault. "Assessment of apixaban plasma levels by laboratory tests: suitability of three anti-Xa assays." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 111, no. 02 (2014): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th13-06-0470.
Анотація:
SummaryWhile laboratory monitoring is not required in patients treated with apixaban, a direct factor-Xa inhibitor, assessment of its concentration is useful in some critical situations. However, few data are available on its effect on coagulation tests and on the suitability of anti-Xa assays for its quantification. It was the objective of this study to identify laboratory tests suitable for apixaban concentration assessment. Coagulation tests – PT and aPTT- and anti-Xa assays were performed in apixaban-spiked plasma samples. To evaluate the sensitivity of PT and aPTT to apixaban, we conducted a first monocenter part, with a wide range of concentrations (50–1,000 ng/ml), a large panel of reagents (20 reagents), and two coagulometers (STAR®, Stago and ACL TOP®, IL), and a second multicenter part involving 13 laboratories using either a common PT reagent (RecombiPlastin2G®) or the local PT and aPTT reagents. In the multicentre part, five blinded apixaban-spiked plasma samples (0/100/200/400/800 ng/ml – checked by HPLC-MS/MS) were used; apixaban concentrations were measured with three anti-Xa assays, apixaban calibrators and controls (Stago). PT and aPTT tests using a large panel of reagents displayed a low sensitivity to a wide range of apixaban concentrations. The concentrations to double PT ranged from 400 to >1,000 ng/ml with the 10 reagents. With the three anti-Xa assays, interlaboratory precision and accuracy were below 11% and 12%, respectively. In conclusion, whereas PT and aPTT tests were not sensitive enough to detect apixaban, the three anti-Xa assays tested using lyophilised apixaban calibrators and controls allowed to reliably quantify a wide range of apixaban concentrations.
36
Weng, Hsin-Pei, Yuan-Yang Cheng, Hsin-Lun Lee, Tai-Yi Hsu, Yu-Tang Chang, and Yao-An Shen. "Enhanced Platelet-Rich Plasma (ePRP) Stimulates Wound Healing through Effects on Metabolic Reprogramming in Fibroblasts." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 12623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312623.
Анотація:
As a source of growth factors for expediting wound healing and tissue regeneration, plasma-rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively applied in diverse fields including orthopaedics, ophthalmology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, dentistry, and gynaecology. However, the function of PRP in metabolic regulations remains enigmatic. A standardized method was devised herein to enrich growth factors and to lyophilize it as enhanced PRP (ePRP) powder, which could become ubiquitously available without mechanical centrifugation in clinical practice. To identify metabolic reprogramming in human dermal fibroblasts under ePRP treatment, putative metabolic targets were identified by transcriptome profiling and validated for their metabolic effects and mechanism. ePRP does not only promote wound healing but re-aligns energy metabolism by shifting to glycolysis through stimulation of glycolytic enzyme activity in fibroblasts. On the contrary, oxygen consumption rates and several mitochondrial respiration activities were attenuated in ePRP-treated fibroblasts. Furthermore, ePRP treatment drives the mitochondrial resetting by hindering the mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes and results in a dampened mitochondrial mass. Antioxidant production was further increased by ePRP treatment to prevent reactive oxygen species formation. Besides, ePRP also halts the senescence progression of fibroblasts by activating SIRT1 expression. Importantly, the glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG can completely reverse the ePRP-enhanced wound healing capacity, whereas the mitochondrial inhibitor oligomycin cannot. This is the first study to utilize PRP for comprehensively investigating its effects on the metabolic reprogramming of fibroblasts. These findings indicate that PRP’s primary metabolic regulation is to promote metabolic reprogramming toward glycolytic energy metabolism in fibroblasts, preserving redox equilibrium and allowing anabolic pathways necessary for the healing and anti-ageing process.
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Morris, Jonathan, and Simon Hughes. "UK Helicopter Emergency Medical Services’ use of circulatory access devices, blood product transfusion and fluid warmers – a cross-sectional survey." Trauma 22, no. 1 (December 18, 2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460408618819642.
Анотація:
Introduction The pre-hospital environment provides significant challenges to clinicians who wish to rapidly administer warmed blood products and fluids to patients with haemorrhagic shock. Large-bore circulatory access is required with the use of devices that will successfully warm cold blood with minimal impact on flow rates. Until now, no information has been available that defines UK Helicopter Emergency Medical Services’ (HEMS) use of circulatory access and fluid warming devices, nor the recent adoption of pre-hospital blood product transfusion. Methods A survey was sent to all 22 UK HEMS asking which circulatory access devices crews have available, whether blood products are being transfused and if fluid warming devices are used as part of their resuscitations. Results All services responded. All UK HEMS use peripheral intravenous cannulae and intraosseous access. In addition, seven use central venous catheters and three use large-bore peripheral access (the Arrow Rapid Infusion Catheter®). Three services use landmark technique alone to gain central venous access, whereas four use a combination of landmark and ultrasound-guided techniques. Different sites for central venous access are used: subclavian (seven services), internal jugular (four) and femoral (four). Fourteen services carry pre-hospital blood products of which six transfuse packed red blood cells; four transfuse packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma; four transfuse packed red blood cells and lyophilised plasma. Eight services carry no pre-hospital blood products. Seventeen HEMS use fluid warmers; 13 use the Belmont® buddy lite™ and four use the QinFlow Warrior. Conclusion The use of a variety of policies and range of equipment has evolved across UK HEMS, demonstrating a lack of consensus on best practice. This is the first study to record a complete picture of current UK HEMS practice with regard to the use of circulatory access devices, fluid warmers and blood product administration.
38
Tapas Pramanik and Tapas Kumar Sur. "Presence of antioxidants and nitric-oxide precursors in Mimosa pudica extract." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.3.0124.
Анотація:
Blood pressure lowering effect of Mimosa pudica induced by dieresis was reported earlier. As a diuretic it enhances urine outflow, decreases plasma volume, venous return; and thereby, reduce blood pressure. Besides the diuretic agent, some other blood pressure lowering substance may also be present in Mimosa pudica. Present study was undertaken to reveal the presence of antioxidants and nitrite in Mimosa pudica extract, which may help to reduce blood pressure. Methanolic extract of Mimosa pudica (using 80% methanol) was lyophilised to obtain dried Mimosa pudica Extract (MPE). For Total phenolic content estimation Folin’s method and for estimation of flavonoids, Aluminium chloride method were followed. The radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity were measured following standardised methods. Nitrite content of MPE at different dilutions (10-100 µl in methanol) was measured following standardised procedure keeping sodium nitrite as the standard. Present study noted presence of favonoids and phenolic compounds and also noted antioxidant property in the aforesaid extract that exhibited DPPH+ and superoxide scavenging activities. Besides that, this study also revealed formation of nitrites in the extract of Mimosa pudica in a dose dependent manner. Nitrite is the precursor of nitric oxide (NO). NO is a potent vasodilator that decreases blood pressure. Present study indicated the presence of both antioxidants and nitrites in Mimosa pudica extract; both of which have blood pressure lowering properties indicating it as a blood pressure lowering agent; and helpful in the maintenance of vascular health.
39
Javaudin, Olivier, A. Baillon, N. Varin, C. Martinaud, T. Pouget, C. Civadier, B. Clavier, and A. Sailliol. "Air-drop blood supply in the French Army." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 164, no. 4 (February 12, 2018): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000886.
Анотація:
BackgroundHaemorrhagic shock remains the leading cause of preventable death in overseas and austere settings. Transfusion of blood components is critical in the management of this kind of injury. For French naval and ground military units, this supply often takes too long considering the short shelf-life of red blood cell concentrates (RBCs) and the limited duration of transport in cooling containers (five to six days). Air-drop supply could be an alternative to overcome these difficulties on the condition that air-drop does not cause damage to blood units.MethodsAfter a period of study and technical development of packaging, four air-drops at medium and high altitudes were performed with an aircraft of the French Air Force. After this, one air-drop was carried out at medium altitude with 10 RBCs and 10 French lyophilised plasma (FLYP). A second air-drop was performed with a soldier carrying one FLYP unit at 12 000 feet. For these air-drops real blood products were used, and quality control testing and temperature monitoring were performed.ResultsThe temperatures inside the containers were within the normal ranges. Visual inspection indicated that transfusion packaging and dumped products did not undergo deterioration. The quality control data on RBCs and FLYP, including haemostasis, suggested no difference before and after air-drop.DiscussionThe operational implementation of the air-drop of blood products seems to be one of the solutions for the supply of blood products in military austere settings or far forward on battlefield, allowing safe and early transfusion.
40
Bailleul, Els, Bernard Chatelain, Anne Demulder, Katrien Devreese, Jonathan Douxfils, Kristin Jochmans, François Mullier, et al. "Influence of dabigatran and rivaroxaban on routine coagulation assays." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 113, no. 01 (January 2015): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th14-02-0161.
Анотація:
SummaryThe Belgian national External Quality Assessment Scheme performed a nationwide survey using lyophilised plasma samples spiked with dabigatran or rivaroxaban to demonstrate to the Belgian clinical laboratories how these drugs affect their routine coagulation assays prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen and antithrombin. Virtually all Belgian laboratories performing routine coagulation testing (189/192) participated in the survey. Both, dabigatran and rivaroxaban significantly prolonged the PT and aPTT in a concentration- and reagent-dependent manner. PT reagents were more influenced by rivaroxaban than by dabigatran and aPTT reagents more influenced by dabigatran than by rivaroxaban. Among PT reagents, Neoplastin R® was the most sensitive to rivaroxaban and Innovin ® and Thromborel S® the least sensitive. Converting PT results to INR only increased the variability between reagents. Among aPTT reagents, Actin FSL® was the least sensitive to dabigatran while the other aPTT reagents showed slightly higher sensitivities. The presence of dabigatran led to falsely reduced fibrinogen concentrations when measured with a low thrombin concentration reagent. The presence of dabigatran caused an overestimation of the antithrombin level when measured with a thrombin-based activity assay and the presence of rivaroxaban an overestimation of the antithrombin level when measured with a FXa-based assay. Instrument-related differences were found for all tested parameters. In conclusion, this paper provides detailed information on the effect of dabigatran and rivaroxaban on routine coagulation assays as performed with a large number of reagent/instrument combinations.
41
Poller, L. "European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA). An assessment of lyophilised plasmas for ISI calibration of CoaguChek and TAS whole blood prothrombin time monitors." Journal of Clinical Pathology 56, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.56.2.114.
42
Slobodan, Petrović, Maletić Milan, Lakić Nada, Aleksić Nevenka, Maletić Jelena, Ristanić Marko, and Stanimirović Zoran. "The Effects of Antioxidants Provided with Feed on Certain Quality Parameters of Bull Semen Under Heat Stress Conditions." Acta Veterinaria 70, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2020-0034.
Анотація:
Abstract The aim of the current research was to assess the effects of the feed additive made of lyophilised melon juice (source of superoxide dismutase, SOD) and inactivated live Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain R397) cells added to the feed via the product containing high levels of organically bound selenium (source of selenium-dependant glutathione peroxidase, Se-GPx) on the semen quality of bulls in heat stress conditions. The 15 bulls chosen for the experiment were assigned to three equal groups (control –group C; treated group M, given the source of SOD; and group A, treated with the source of Se-GPx). The research was conducted in summer. The activities of SOD and Se-GPx in seminal plasma were determined spectrophotometrically. Computer-assisted semen analysis was done to determine the sperm counts, motility and velocity. The temperature and humidity were recorded with a digital data logger. The average SOD activity in the control bulls was significantly lower than in M (p<0.001) and A (p<0.001), whilst the average activities in the treated groups did not differ significantly (p=0.784). Higher average SOD activity compared to the control in the treated groups showed that both feed additives increased the antioxidative capacity of the seminal fluid. The average GPx activity in the control was significantly lower than in groups A (p=0.001) and M (p=0.005), whilst the two treatments did not lead to significantly different results (p=0.701). The analysis of relations between the activity of each enzyme and sperm motility and progressive motility in each of the bulls failed to detect a significant correlation. The analysis of the relation between THI (temperature-humidity index) and the activity of the antioxidative enzymes revealed that the increase in THI coincided with the decrease in the SOD activity in the control group, but with its increase in the treated groups (p>0.05). In all of the three groups with the increase in THI there was an increase in GPx activity (p>0.05). It can be concluded that in all of the three groups of bulls there was an increase in the activity of both enzymes in the seminal plasma, but the increase was significantly lower in the control. Thus, the antioxidative capacity of the seminal plasma of untreated bulls was proven to be lower in comparison with those of the treated animals.
43
Pollard, Debra, Kate Khair, Cléa Percier, Yen Wong, and Robyn Shoemark. "Evaluation of MixPro® among users and nurses." Journal of Haemophilia Practice 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17225/jhp00106.
Анотація:
Abstract Management of haemophilia involves on-demand or prophylactic intravenous administration of recombinant or plasma-derived replacement clotting factors or bypassing agents. These products are provided as lyophilised powder and diluent, which need to be mixed to produce a solution for infusion. While this process has previously involved multiple time-consuming steps, several reconstitution systems are now available to make mixing easier and more convenient. This study aimed to investigate experience of use and perceptions of the Novo Nordisk MixPro® mixing device among patients and carers using activated recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) or recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) with MixPro, and nurse specialists who were either familiar or unfamiliar with MixPro. Nurses were asked to simulate the preparation of an inactive solution using MixPro. Semi-structured interviews were used to gain insight into participants’ opinions of mixing systems in general and their perceptions of MixPro. Likert scales were used to rate the performance of MixPro against predefined characteristics of mixing systems, and the importance of the predefined characteristics to the design of a mixing system. Patients/carers and unfamiliar nurses identified low contamination risk when mixing as the most important characteristic of a mixing system; the most important criterion for familiar nurses was confidence that patients/carers could prepare the system correctly. MixPro was perceived to perform very well overall, particularly in parameters identified as most important. It was described as being user-friendly, simple and quick; its compactness and portability were highlighted as advantages for storage and travel. The main disadvantages reported related to its small components. The majority of nurses said that they were highly likely to recommend MixPro to their patients.
44
Favaloro, Emmanuel. "Collagen Binding Assay for von Willebrand Factor (VWF:CBA): Detection of von Willebrands Disease (VWD), and Discrimination of VWD Subtypes, Depends on Collagen Source." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 83, no. 01 (2000): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613768.
Анотація:
SummaryA large number of different collagen preparations [n = 21] have been assessed for their ability to both detect von Willebrands Disease (VWD), and discriminate different VWD subtypes. Collagen preparations were tested at a range of concentrations and included: Type I, III and IV, and various mixtures of these, as aqueous supplied preparations and/or reconstituted from bulk lyophilised stock. Tissue sources for collagens ranged from human placenta to calf skin to equine tendon. Three of the collagen preparations tested did not support von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding in an ELISA process (therefore unable to detect VWD). The ability of the remaining preparations to detect VWF was variable, as was their ability to discriminate VWD subtypes. Detection of VWF and discrimination of VWD subtypes was not mutually inclusive. Thus, some collagen preparations provided excellent detection systems for VWF, but comparatively poorer discrimination of Type 2 VWD, while others provided good to acceptable detection and discrimination. Subtype discrimination was also dependent on the collagen concentration, and some batch to batch variation was evident with some preparations (particularly Type I collagens). Overall, best discrimination was typically achieved with Type I/III collagen mixtures, or Type III collagen preparations (where effectiveness was highly dependent on concentration). Good discrimination was also achieved with a commercial Type III collagen based VWF:CBA kit method. Results of the various ‘VWF:CBA assays’ are also compared with those using the Ristocetin Cofactor (VWF:RCof) assay (by platelet agglutination) and that using a commercial ‘VWF:RCof-alternative/ activity’ ELISA procedure. These latter methodologies tended to be less sensitive to VWF-discordance when compared to that detected by the majority of the VWF:CBA procedures. Abbreviations: FVIII:C Factor VIII: coagulant (assay); HMW High Molecular Weight [VWF]; PNP Pooled Normal Plasma; RIPA Ristocetin induced platelet aggregation procedure; VWD von Willebrands disease; VWF von Willebrand Factor; VWF:Ag von Willebrand Factor Antigen (assay); VWF: CBA Collagen Binding [Activity] Assay for VWF; VWF:RCof Ristocetin Cofactor Assay for VWF
45
Lammasak, Kanokporn, Suwanna Kijpakorn, and Kris Angkanaporn. "Porcine bile powder supplementation of a high fat broiler diet in relation to growth performance and nutrient digestion." Animal Production Science 59, no. 7 (2019): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18190.
Анотація:
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of pig bile powder supplementation on the digestibility of nutrients, fat digestion and growth performance of starter broilers fed on a high fat diet. A total of 1110, day-old, male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with five replicates per treatment. The chicks were fed on a corn-soybean meal basal diet with a starter formulation until Day 14, followed by a grower formulation until Day 21. In group 1 (T1), the basal diet contained 30 g/kg crude palm oil whereas the diet used in group 2 (T2) had 60 g/kg crude palm oil. Chicks in group 3 (T3) were fed on T2 diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg soy lecithin as the positive control. Chicks in groups 4–6 (T4–T6) received diets used in T2, supplemented with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg lyophilised pig bile powder, respectively. On Days 4, 7, 14 and 21, chicks were killed, portal blood was collected and analysed for fatty acids, pancreas collected for measurement of pancreatic lipase activity, bile and jejunal contents for bile acid determination and ileal content for determining digestibility of fat and protein. The results showed (1) there was no difference in bodyweight and feed intake among T2–T6, (2) pancreatic lipase activity of chicks in T4 and T5 was highest in all periods. Total bile acid concentrations in the gall bladder and jejunum in T4 was lower than those in T2 in all periods, and Days 4 and 7, respectively, (3) digestibility of protein and fat in T3 and T4 was higher in all the period than that of T2, T5 and T6, (4) increased fat content in the diet did not cause a significant increase in any fatty acids in the portal plasma when compared T1 and T2. In conclusion, 2.5 g/kg porcine bile powder supplemented in high fat diet increased pancreatic lipase activity and total bile acid concentrations in gall bladder, resulting in increased ileal digestibility of fat and protein.
46
Lammasak, Kanokporn, Suwanna Kijpakorn, and Kris Angkanaporn. "Corrigendum to: Porcine bile powder supplementation of a high fat broiler diet in relation to growth performance and nutrient digestion." Animal Production Science 59, no. 7 (2019): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18190_co.
Анотація:
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of pig bile powder supplementation on the digestibility of nutrients, fat digestion and growth performance of starter broilers fed on a high fat diet. A total of 1110, day-old, male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with five replicates per treatment. The chicks were fed on a corn-soybean meal basal diet with a starter formulation until Day 14, followed by a grower formulation until Day 21. In group 1 (T1), the basal diet contained 30 g/kg crude palm oil whereas the diet used in group 2 (T2) had 60 g/kg crude palm oil. Chicks in group 3 (T3) were fed on T2 diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg soy lecithin as the positive control. Chicks in groups 4–6 (T4–T6) received diets used in T2, supplemented with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg lyophilised pig bile powder, respectively. On Days 4, 7, 14 and 21, chicks were killed, portal blood was collected and analysed for fatty acids, pancreas collected for measurement of pancreatic lipase activity, bile and jejunal contents for bile acid determination and ileal content for determining digestibility of fat and protein. The results showed (1) there was no difference in bodyweight and feed intake among T2–T6, (2) pancreatic lipase activity of chicks in T4 and T5 was highest in all periods. Total bile acid concentrations in the gall bladder and jejunum in T4 was lower than those in T2 in all periods, and Days 4 and 7, respectively, (3) digestibility of protein and fat in T3 and T4 was higher in all the period than that of T2, T5 and T6, (4) increased fat content in the diet did not cause a significant increase in any fatty acids in the portal plasma when compared T1 and T2. In conclusion, 2.5 g/kg porcine bile powder supplemented in high fat diet increased pancreatic lipase activity and total bile acid concentrations in gall bladder, resulting in increased ileal digestibility of fat and protein.
47
Meijer, Piet, Richard A. Marlar, John M. Teare, and Dorothy Adcock. "Inter-Laboratory Evaluation of the Recovery of Bay 94-9027 [Jivi®] with One-Stage Clotting and Chromogenic Assays." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125491.
Анотація:
Introduction Hemophila A patients treated with replacement products are routinely monitored for Factor VIII (FVIII) activity during therapy using either one-stage clotting assays (OSA) or chromogenic assays (CA). It is well known that laboratory assay results can be affected by extended half-life FVIII products. BAY 94-9027 (damoctocog alfa pegol; Jivi®) is a site-specific pegylated FVIII in which a 60-kDA PEG is conjugated to an introduced cysteine residue substitution on the light chain of B-domain deleted FVIII. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of BAY 94-9027 in different one-stage and chromogenic assays using a sample set composed of plasma samples spiked with 5 different BAY 94-9027 levels. Materials and Methods: FVIII deficient plasma was spiked with different levels of BAY 94-9027 ranging from 0.05 - 1.5 IU/mL. The spiked samples were filled into tubes in 2 mL aliquots and lyophilised. The target values were established using the same assay procedure used by Bayer for potency labelling of the product. Samples were stored at -20°C until distribution to participating laboratories. Laboratories were asked to measure the samples according to their standard procedures for OSA and CA. Currently, samples have been distributed to 135 laboratories in 12 different countries with 65 laboratories returned results included in the current data analysis. For each of the samples, the recovery with respect to the target value was calculated. Results: Table 1 shows the average recovery over the entire concentration range for the different APTT reagents. For most of the APTT reagents used by laboratories in this study, an average recovery between 76% and 120% was observed. Only APTT-SP and PTT-A, both silica-based APTT reagents, showed a significant underestimation of BAY 94-9027 (recovery of approximately 60% and < 10%, respectively), while Actin FS showed on average an overestimation (135% recovery). Within the different reagent groups the inter-laboratory variation ranged between 8 and 31%. Table 2 shows the average recovery over the entire concentration range for the different chromogenic assays. For two CA methods (Biophen and Chromogenix) the recovery ranged between 66 and 111% over the full range of BAY 94-9027 concentrations. For the Siemens method, the recovery decreases from 101% to 54% as the Bay 94-9027 concentration decreases, while the Trinichrom method showed a decreased recovery over the full range of BAY 94-9027 concentrations. For the CA methods the inter-laboratory variation ranged from 6 and 39%. Conclusion: With most of the APTT reagents included in this study (except APTT-SP and PTT-A) BAY 94-9027 can be reliably measured in a one-stage clotting assay over a wide concentration range. BAY 94-9027 can also be reliably measured with the Biophen and Chromogenix method, while a systematic underestimation was observed with the Trinichrom method. The Siemens chromogenic method demonstrates a concentration-dependent decline in the recovery. The large inter-laboratory variation within certain reagent group is not unexpected given that the replacement product is a modified FVIII protein and emphasizes the need for local laboratory verification of the accuracy of measurement of BAY 94-9027. Disclosures Teare: Bayer: Employment.
48
Castro, Maria Lourdes Barjas, Aline Crucello, Heloise P. Fernandes, Norma C. Sousa, Joyce M. Annichino-Bizzacchi, and Vagner Castro. "The Relationship between ABO Groups, Factor VIII, von Willebrand Factor Levels and Platelet Function Analysis Using Cone and Plate(let) Analyzer." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 4024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4024.4024.
Анотація:
Abstract ABO blood group has been described to influence levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF), as well as factor VIII. Individuals carrying O allele have significant lower plasma levels of these factors. Indeed, recently non-O individuals have been described to have increased risk for both, arterial and venous thrombotic disease. VWF mediate platelet interaction with areas of damage blood vessel wall. Thus, it could be interesting to evaluate the possible influence of the ABO group in this interaction, particularly in situations in which low levels of VWF are close to those found in VW disease (such in O group). Cone and plate(let) analyzer (CPA) represent a simple and fast method, that allow the evaluation of platelet function (adhesion as well aggregation) in whole blood under shear conditions, closer to physiological conditions. In this method, no platelet agonists are needed and interaction with fibrinogen and VWF is particularly evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of ABO group in platelet function using CPA. Samples from 15 male blood donors with no history of drug intake, were submitted to ABO serology and molecular analysis, VWF:Ag, FVIII dosages, and CPA analysis using Impact-R (Diamed - Switzerland), according to manufacturer’s instructions. ABO phenotypes were determined by agglutination test using monoclonal and polyclonal anti-A, B and AB antibodies (Asem-NPBI, São Paulo Brazil; DiaMed SA, Suisse; DiaMed Latino América, Brazil). H antigen was determined using anti-H lectin from Ulex europaeus (DiaMed Latino América, Brazil). ABO genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene, followed by diagnostic restriction enzyme digestion. Factor VIII coagulant was measured by a one stage clothing method using a factor-VIII deficient substrate. VWF:Ag was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using polyclonal antiserum (Dako, Denmark). Lyophilised commercial reference preparations of VWF:Ag, and FVIII, standardized against the World Health Organization standard, were used as the standards in this study. The age of the donors ranged from 27–65 years (median = 42 years). The donors were distributed according to ABO groups: 5 = OO; 5 = AB; 5 = AO. Median levels of factor VIII, according to blood group were: OO= 79% (70–142%); AO= 87% (80–140%); AB= 112% (98–200%). Median levels of VWF, according to blood group were: OO= 79% (50–99%); AO= 82% (73–120%); AB= 169% (92–250%). CPA analysis presented the following results: median AS in μm2 (average size) - OO= 24 (23–42); AO= 33 (24–42); AB= 23 (21–24) - median SC in % (surface coverage) - OO= 7.1 (4–13); AO= 8 (5–8); AB= 6.9 (4.8–8). No significant differences using Wilcoxon’s rank sum test were found among groups, when platelet function was analyzed. In conclusion, our results suggest that, although O allele carriers present lower levels of both factor VIII and VWF, the use of platelet function analysis does not seem to predict the risk for bleeding or thrombosis, according to individual ABO blood group.
49
Addiego, Joseph E., Edward Gomperts, Liu Shu-Len, Patricia Bailey, Suzanne G. Courter, Martin L. Lee, Gerald G. Neslund, Henry S. Kingdon, and Michael J. Griffith. "Treatment of Hemophilia A with a Highly Purified Factor VIII Concentrate Prepared by Anti-FVIIIc Immunoaffinity Chromatography." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 67, no. 01 (1992): 019–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1648373.
Анотація:
SummaryTo reduce the risk of pathogenic virus transmission associated with the therapeutic administration of plasma-derived antihemophilic factor (FVIIIc), a process utilizing anti-FVIIIc immunoaffinity chromatography to isolate FVIIIc has been developed. In addition, the starting cryoprecipitate solution has been treated with an organic solvent/detergent mixture to inactivate lipid-enveloped viruses. A final ion exchange chromatography step is used to further remove contaminants, e.g., anti-FVIIIc antibody, potentially leached with FVIIIc during the immunoaffinity step. The purified FVTII is stabilized for lyophili-zation and storage by the addition of human albumin. The monoclonal anti-FVIIIc antibody used in the immunoaffinity step of the process is not detectable in the final preparation. Viral reduction studies performed at specific steps of the process demonstrate that 11 logs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and greater than 4-5 logs of other lipid-enveloped viruses are inactivated within the first 30 s of exposure to the solvent/ detergent mixture and 4-5 logs of various model viruses, e. g. Endomyocarditis virus (EMC), are physically removed during washing of the immunoaffinity column. The lyophilized product is reconstituted using sterile water in a matter of seconds.The pharmacokinetics of Hemofil® M were compared to those obtained using a standard heat-treated concentrate (Hemofil® CT) in five severe factor VIII deficient hemophiliacs in a randomized, cross-over study. No statistically significant differences were observed in mean half life (p >0.6) or median recovery (p = 0.4) between the two preparations. No clinically significant adverse effects were observed in patients receiving either FVIII preparation.In addition, 43 patients at 18 different centers underwent pharmacokinetic studies, with a nominal dose of 50 u/kg FVIIIc Hemofil® M. The mean recovery was 103.6%, and the t 1/2 was 14.6 h. The recovery of FVIII in this group was as expected, providing an increase of assayed FVIII of approximately 2% per unit of FVTII/kg infused.Clinical trials using Hemofil® M have been initiated in 124 hemophilia A patients. The safety and efficacy of Hemofil® M has been established. To date, 0 of 60 patients tested have seroconverted to HIV. None of the previously untreated patients show clinical or laboratory evidence of Non-A, Non-B hepatitis (NANB), with 21 patients remaining negative as far as presence of antibodies to the Hepatitis C virus (a-HCV negative) at least 6 months after the initial infusion. There is no evidence of neoantigenicity, evidenced by seroconversion to murine antibody. An 8.7% (2 of 23) prevalence of anti-FVIIIc inhibitor development has been observed in previously untreated patients with FVIIIc⩽3%, receiving only the monoclonally purified solvent/ detergent treated FVIII concentrate while on study and on poststudy surveillance. All patients demonstrated clinical hemostasis following product use for either on demand bleeding or surgical prophylaxis.
50
Dougnon, V., B. Yehouenou, F. Dansi Soclo, A. Houefone, F. Zehounkpe, A. Amadou, and Et . al. "Recherche de la staphylocoagulase libre à partir du plasma d'animaux tropicaux : influence du type d'anticoagulant, de la température et de la durée de conservation." Revue Malienne d'Infectiologie et de Microbiologie 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.53597/remim.v2i2.1196.
Анотація:
L'identification biochimique de Staphylococcus aureus nécessite la recherche de la staphylocoagulase libre, réalisée grâce au plasma lyophilisé de lapin. Cette étude vise à promouvoir l'utilisation de plasma frais d'animaux tropicaux et déterminer l'influence des anticoagulants, de la température et de la durée de conservation de ces plasmas dans la révélation de la staphylocoagulase libre.Cinq (5) échantillons de sang de rats wistar, 3 de porc, 10 de poulets et 10 de lapins ont été recueillis sur anticoagulants. Après caractérisation biochimique d'une souche de référence de S. aureus ATCC 25923, la recherche de la staphylocoagulase libre a été faite à partir des plasmas d'animaux tropicaux conformément aux critères bactériologiques classiques. Des résultats obtenus, seuls les échantillons de plasma de lapins et de porcs ont permis la révélation de la staphylocoagulase libre. De tous les anticoagulants testés, l'EDTA et Citrate de sodium ont été les plus efficaces. Une part des plasmas de lapins recueillis sur EDTA a été conservée au réfrigérateur et l'autre part à température ambiante durant sept jours. La recherche de la staphylocoagulase a été faite tous les jours de conservation à partir des plasmas. Il découle de cette conservation que la température n'a pas d'influence majeure sur les échantillons de plasma sauf que leur conservation à température ambiante ralentit l'obtention des résultats. Il est donc préférable pour l'obtention de résultats dans un temps relativement court et pour éviter les risques de contamination des plasmas, de les conserver au réfrigérateur entre 2° et 8°C pendant un maximum de 6 jours.