Статті в журналах: "Plants by-Products"

1

Bradna, J., and J. Malaťák. "By-products from methyl ester oil production and their thermal-emission properties." Research in Agricultural Engineering 54, No. 1 (March 3, 2008): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/707-rae.

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With the exhaustion of fossil energy sources in sight, the importance of the renewable sources of energy becomes one of the major conditions for permanently sustainable development not only in agriculture, but also in the society as a whole. The growing use of biodiesel has opened other areas of utilising the by-products from the manufacture of rape seed oil methyl ester (FARME) as an energy source, used in the combustion equipment designed for these alternative fuels. The aim of this paper is to assess the feasibility of utilising the by-products from the production of rape seed methyl ester as a source of energy, from ecology and economy aspects of the combustion equipment used. Therefore, the study is focused on the concentration of emissions generated by burning FARME, and distillation of residuals from FARME production plants. An important objective of this study lies in the determination of the stoichiometry characteristics of rape seed oil methyl esters and distillation residuals from FARME production plants. The following parameters are set by calculations: fuel heating power, oxygen amount (air) necessary for ideal combustion, flue gases amount and composition, and flue gases specific weight.

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Zhu, B., M. A. Tabatabai, and S. J. Henning. "Biotechnology By‐Products as Sources of Nitrogen for Plants." Journal of Environmental Quality 24, no. 5 (September 1995): 986–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400050030x.

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3

Kukier, Urszula, and Malcolm E. Sumner. "Boron availability to plants from coal combustion by-products." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 87, no. 1-4 (February 1996): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00696831.

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4

Orlovskyy, Vitalii, Volodymyr Biletskyi, and Myroslav Malovanyy. "Development of Lightweight Grouting Materials Based on By-Products of Ukrainian Industry." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 17, no. 3 (September 20, 2023): 666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht17.03.666.

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A new competitive class of grouting materials has been created. These lightweight grouting materials (LGM) with a density of 1370–1650 kg/m3 consist of oil-well Portland cement PCTI-100, fine powder of PE grade (a by-product of fireclay production from kaolin), acidic fly ash from state district power plants, and lime dust (a by-product of lime production). The composition of the products formed during LGM hydration was clarified by X-ray phase and differential thermal analysis. The rational optimal ratios of ingredients and temperature regimes for the LGM hardening were determined according to the criteria of cement stone strength.

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5

Field, Ben, Ferenc Jordán, and Anne Osbourn. "First encounters ? deployment of defence-related natural products by plants." New Phytologist 172, no. 2 (October 2006): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01863.x.

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6

Schwelberger, Jörg. "RECYCLING OF FERROUS BY-PRODUCTS IN IRON AND STEEL PLANTS." Mašinstvo 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 247–51. https://doi.org/10.62456/jmem.2018.04.247.

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Due to rising energy prices and stringent environmental regulations, energy efficiency, resource saving and climate protection are becoming more important than ever. Primetals Technologies ECO Solutions offers a wide range of services and technologies to increase energy efficiency, reduce the environmental impact of steel production plants and to ensure efficient water and by-product management Primetals Technologies ECO Solutions provides processes and solutions along the entire iron and steel production chains, which meet the strictest emission regulations and also help producers achieve substantial cost savings. In response to these ecological and economic challenges, Primetals Technologies offers energy-efficient solutions and services along the entire process chain, with a clear objective: saving resources, creating value. The optimized consumption of energy and raw materials, the application of advanced technological processes and the maximum application of recycling solutions lead to major energy savings, reduced emissions, improved water and by-prooduct management. Saving resources &bull; Minimized emissions &bull; Minimized use of raw materials &bull; Minimized energy consumption &bull; Optimized by-product recycling Creating value &bull; Reduction of conversion costs &bull; Increase performance &bull; Improve quality

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7

Draeger, Birgit. "The Manufacture of Medical and Health Products by Transgenic Plants." Plant Science 161, no. 6 (November 2001): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9452(01)00527-1.

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8

Ajdačić, N., and M. Martić. "Contamination of some important kinds of plants by fission products." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 131, no. 2 (June 1989): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02060596.

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9

Anker, Yaakov, Faina Nakonechny, Betty Niazov, Svetlana Lugovskoy, and Marina Nisnevitch. "Biofuel Production by Fermentation of Water Plants and Agricultural Lignocellulosic by-Products." MATEC Web of Conferences 70 (2016): 12005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20167012005.

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10

Čermák, P. "Forest reclamation of dumpsites of coal combustion by-products (CCB)." Journal of Forest Science 54, No. 6 (July 7, 2008): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6/2008-jfs.

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The present paper describes the reclamation of dumpsites of coal ash – coal combustion by-products (CCB) generated by the burning of brown coal in thermal power plants. It evaluates the soil properties of formed Anthroposols and growth vitality of the forest tree species Quercus robur L., Quercus rubra L., Pinus sylvestris L., Betula verrucosa Ehrh., Populus tremula L., Populus nigra L., Salix fragilis L., Salix alba L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. The best growth vitality at these sites was reached in tree species of seed origin from the vegetation series of primary succession. Deformations of the taproot (taproot laterals) in trees under 10 years of age were observed on Anthroposol from coal ash in Salix alba L., Salix fragilis L., Populus tremula L., Populus nigra L. and Populus alba L. and in the overlaying of the compacted stabilizate with a layer of reclaimable soil up to 0.5 m in Pinus sylvestris L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Quercus rubra L.

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11

Šubarić, Drago, and Stela Jokić. "Food Industry By-Products as a Sources of Phytochemical Compounds." Foods 11, no. 12 (June 13, 2022): 1724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11121724.

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12

Gomez-Molina, Maria, Lorena Albaladejo-Marico, Lucia Yepes-Molina, Juan Nicolas-Espinosa, Eloy Navarro-León, Paula Garcia-Ibañez, and Micaela Carvajal. "Exploring Phenolic Compounds in Crop By-Products for Cosmetic Efficacy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11 (May 28, 2024): 5884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115884.

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Phenolic compounds represent a group of secondary metabolites that serve essential functions in plants. Beyond their positive impact on plants, these phenolic metabolites, often referred to as polyphenols, possess a range of biological properties that can promote skin health. Scientific research indicates that topically using phenolics derived from plants can be advantageous, but their activity and stability highly depend on storage of the source material and the extraction method. These compounds have the ability to relieve symptoms and hinder the progression of different skin diseases. Because they come from natural sources and have minimal toxicity, phenolic compounds show potential in addressing the causes and effects of skin aging, skin diseases, and various types of skin damage, such as wounds and burns. Hence, this review provides extensive information on the particular crops from which by-product phenolic compounds can be sourced, also emphasizing the need to conduct research according to proper plant material storage practices and the choice of the best extracting method, along with an examination of their specific functions and the mechanisms by which they act to protect skin.

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13

Oprea, Eliza, Ioana-Cristina Marinas, and Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc. "Horticultural Plants and By-Products as Sources of Biological Active Compounds." Horticulturae 10, no. 11 (October 24, 2024): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10111133.

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Horticultural plants and their by-products from vegetable, herb and fruit cultivation, as well as from food industry operations, warehouses, and retail trade, are abundant in biologically active compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals [...]

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14

Ríos, José-Luis, Isabel Andújar, Guillermo R. Schinella, and Flavio Francini. "Modulation of Diabetes by Natural Products and Medicinal Plants via Incretins." Planta Medica 85, no. 11/12 (May 7, 2019): 825–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0897-7492.

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AbstractIncretins are metabolic hormones released after a meal that increase insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. The two main incretins are the intestinal peptides glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Both induce a decrease in glycemia, slow down the absorption of nutrients, and are inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Recently, incretin-based therapies have become a useful tool to treat diabetic patients, and different studies have focused on the identification of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including those of natural origin. This review focuses on the new findings of medicinal plants and natural products as possible active agents on the potentiation of incretin receptor signaling. Among these, soluble fiber from species of Plantago and guar gum show promising effects, iridoid derivatives are relevant activators of incretin receptors, and derivatives of cyanidin, especially diglycosylated ones, are an interesting source of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors.

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15

Mastanjević, Kristina, Jasmina Lukinac, Marko Jukić, Bojan Šarkanj, Vinko Krstanović, and Krešimir Mastanjević. "Multi-(myco)toxins in Malting and Brewing By-Products." Toxins 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11010030.

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Fungi, yeasts, and bacteria are common microorganisms on cereals used in malting and brewing industries. These microorganisms are mostly associated with the safety and quality of malt and beer, but also with the health safety of by-products used in animal nutrition. The real problem is their harmful metabolites—toxins that, due to their thermostable properties, can easily be transferred to malting and brewing by-products. Besides fungal metabolites, other toxins originating from plants can be harmful to animal health. Precise and accurate analytical techniques broadened the spectrum of known toxins originating from microorganisms and plants that can pose a threat to animal health. Multi-(myco)toxin analyses are advanced and useful tools for the assessment of product safety, and legislation should follow up and make some important changes to regulate yet unregulated, but highly occurring, microbial and plant toxins in malting and brewing by-products used for animal feed.

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16

Fischer, Agnieszka, and Barbara Brodziak-Dopierała. "The Mercury Concentration in Spice Plants." Processes 10, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10101954.

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Spice plants are popularly used as ingredients in food products. Promoting healthy eating, paying attention to the quality of products, means that organic and self-produced ingredients, whose origin and growing conditions are known, are gaining popularity. The study determined the concentration of mercury (Hg) in popular leafy spice plants: peppermint (Mentha piperita), common basil (Ocimum basilicum), lovage (Levisticum officinale) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum). Self-grown spices and ready-made commercial products were selected for the study. The Hg content in the test samples was determined by the AAS method (AMA 254, Altec, Praha, Czech Republic). The range of Hg content in the tested spice samples ranged from 1.20 to 17.35 µg/kg, on average 6.95 µgHg/kg. The highest concentration of Hg was recorded in the peppermint, 9.39 µg/kg. In plants grown independently, the concentration of Hg was statistically significantly higher than in commercial products purchased in a store. There were no differences in the concentration of Hg in organic and non-organic spices. Commercial spices defined by producers as organic products did not differ statistically significantly in the level of Hg content from non-organic products.

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17

Manck, Lauren, Ester Quintana, Rocío Suárez, Fernando G. Brun, Ignacio Hernández, María J. Ortega, and Eva Zubía. "Profiling of Phenolic Natural Products in the Seagrass Zostera noltei by UPLC-MS." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 5 (May 2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200511.

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Seagrasses are marine plants that play important ecological functions in coastal ecosystems. The species Zostera noltei is widely distributed along the European coasts thriving in a variety of environmental conditions. In this study, the phenolic natural products of Z. noltei have been analyzed quantitatively by using UPLC-MS. Plants from the Natural Park of the Bay of Cadiz (Spain) were shown to contain rosmarinic acid (1) and the flavonoids apigenin-7- O-glucoside (2), luteolin-7-sulfate (7), apigenin-7-sulfate (8), diosmetin-7-sulfate (9), and acacetin-7-sulfate (10). The analysis by UPLC-MS of extracts allowed the quantification of all the compounds and evidenced the intraspecific variations in the profile of natural products among plants collected at different dates and locations within the Bay. The flavonoids 2, and 7-10 were present in all the analyzed samples with a total flavonoid content in the range 12.8–72.3 mg/g dry wt, while rosmarinic acid (1) was only present in some samples, reaching up to 19.6 mg/g dry wt. A distinctive feature of plants from the Bay of Cadiz is the common presence of apigenin-7-sulfate (8) as major flavonoid, differing from plants from other regions whose major flavonoid is diosmetin-7-sulfate (9).

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I, Yesu Raja, and Syamala M. "Physiological Alterations Induced by Plant Extracts in Rice Plants Inoculated with Sarocladium Oryzae." Madras Agricultural Journal 99, March (2012): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100026.

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The contents of total soluble, reducing and non-reducing sugars decreased in rice plants due to infection by S. oryzae. But the extent of reduction in plants treated with botanicals followed by inoculation was significantly less. The total soluble and reducing sugar content significantly increased by the spraying of botanicals. The maximum increase being in plants sprayed with the leaf extracts of Acacia leucophloea and Phyllanthus niruri. The maximum reduction of total soluble and reducing sugars was recorded in the case of P. niruri treated plus pathogen inoculated plants. The maximum increase in non-reducing sugars was observed in the plants sprayed with the leaf extracts of Euphorbia hirta and Pongamia glabra. Plants sprayed with P. niruri leaf extract plus inoculation of the pathogen recorded the highest reduction in non-reducing sugar content. In rice plants the highest total phenol content was observed in the plants seven days after inoculation and their content reduced with lapse of time. Spraying of plant products followed by inoculation tremendously increased the total phenols as compared to the plants sprayed with plant products alone (without pathogen inoculation). The total phenol content increased to the maximum extent of 25.50 per cent in the plants sprayed with neem oil followed neem seed kernel extract and leaf extracts of C. arvensis, A. indica, C. roseus and O. tenuiflorum plus pathogen inoculation recording 24.88, 21.41, 21.04, 20.67 and 20.05 per cent increase respectively. The total protein content of the inoculated rice plants increased more with increase (18.39%) in the age of plants. Spraying of plant products resulted in remarkable increase in protein content and the maximum being 27.25 per cent in the plants sprayed with neem seed kernel extract. Plant products treated plus inoculation of the pathogen had resulted in less protein content of the rice plants as compared to plant products treatment alone without inoculation of the pathogen.

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Medrano Macías, Julia, María Guadalupe López Caltzontzit, Erika Nohemi Rivas Martínez, Willian Alfredo Narváez Ortiz, Adalberto Benavides Mendoza, and Paulino Martínez Lagunes. "Enhancement to Salt Stress Tolerance in Strawberry Plants by Iodine Products Application." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030602.

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Iodine is a non-essential element for land plants, but is considered as a beneficial element, related to antioxidant capacity, environmental adaptations and improvement of plant growth. Salinity is one of the more recurrent abiotic stresses worldwide, seriously affecting vegetal production. The aim of this work was to evaluate iodine application (Q products® and KIO3, Quimcasa de México, Naucalpan, Mexico) in strawberry plants under normal and salt stress conditions. Growth, antioxidant content, essential minerals, iodine accumulation and fruit quality were evaluated. The results showed that, under stress conditions, the application of Q products increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activity as well as glutathione (GSH) content and yield in fruit, without avoiding biomass loss; with the application of KIO3 an increase in GSH and APX activity as well as P and K concentrations were obtained. In leaves an increase in P, Ca, Mn and iodine accumulation was evidenced with the application of Q products, and an increased concentration of ascorbic acid and iodine with KIO3 treatments. Under normal conditions in fruits, the application of Q products increased phenolic compounds synthesis; additionally, an increase in Ca and Mn concentrations was shown. KIO3 application increased the firmness and Mn. In leaves, the application of Q products increased chlorophyll a, b and calcium. In conclusion, the application of iodine improves the quality value of strawberries under normal conditions and provides an enhancement of salt stress tolerance.

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20

Komives, Tamas. "Vaccinating plants." Ecocycles 8, no. 1 (2022): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19040/ecocycles.v8i1.213.

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Plant immune systems rely on their ability to recognize enemy molecules, carry out signal transduction, and respond defensively through pathways involving many genes and their products. This Perspective paper aims to explore current views on the vaccination (immunization) of plants against diseases caused by microorganisms and their (macro)molecular components, paying special attention to practical applications. We conclude that the technique of vaccination to control plant disease needs to be further investigated, developed, and considered for wider implementation in plant protection practice.

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21

Silva, Vânia, Ivo Oliveira, José Alberto Pereira, and Berta Gonçalves. "Almond By-Products Substrates as Sustainable Amendments for Green Bean Cultivation." Plants 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2024): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13040540.

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Almond processing generates a high quantity of by-products, presenting the untapped potential for alternative applications and improved sustainability in production. This study aimed to evaluate whether the incorporation of almond by-products (hulls/shells) can improve the biochemical characteristics of green bean pods when used as an alternative to traditional growing media in green bean plants. Four substrates were prepared: the Control substrate (C): 70% peat + 30% perlite; substrate (AS): 70% peat + 30% shells; substrate (AH): 70% peat + 30% perlite + 1 cm hulls as mulch; substrate (MIX): 70% peat + 15% shells + 15% hulls. Plants were grown in each of these substrates and subjected to two irrigation levels, 100% and 50% of their water-holding capacity. Biochemical parameters (photosynthetic pigments, total phenolics, flavonoids, ortho-diphenols, soluble proteins, antioxidant capacity) and color were evaluated in the harvested pods. Results showed that pods from plants growing in AH substrate presented statistically significant higher values in their total phenolic content, while AS and MIX substrates did not reveal significant benefits. Summarily, this study highlights the potential of almond hulls as a promising medium for green bean cultivation, particularly when employed as mulch. Further research is recommended to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the application of almond by-products as natural fertilizers/mulch.

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22

Janjić, Vaskrsija. "Plants causing dermatosis in humans." Acta herbologica 29, no. 1 (2020): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/actaherb2001005j.

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Many plants cause dermatosis in the human population, thus presenting an everyday problem for dermatologists and allergologists around the world. To this day it is still not known how common are plant-induced dermatosis. It is estimated that around 334 million people worldwide, or 3.5% of the world population, is affected by dermatosis each year. The onset of dermatitis is most common in the early childhood. Around 20% of children in Great Britain and 10% in the USA are affected by different types of dermatosis. It is believed that around 10,000 plant species can cause dermatosis in humans. Phytodermatosis are dermatosis caused by plants. They are usually induced by direct contact with a plant, but can also occur without a direct contact or be activated by the sun. Dermatosis which occur without a direct contact with the plant are observed in those cases where certain perfumes, cremes or other cosmetic products are used. Some cosmetic products contain substances such as eugenol, isoeugenol, cinnamaldehyde, colophonium, turpentines and other substances which originate from plants. Similarly, lichens, which are not plants, but organisms resulting from a fungi and algae symbiosis, produce usnic acids, which are most commonly used in sun protection products.

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de Paula de Almeida Duarte, Samanta, Bárbara E. Teixeira-Costa, Rosely Carvalho do Rosário, Edna Regina Amante, Márlia Barbosa Pires, and Orquídea Vasconcelo dos Santos. "Valorization of Taioba Products and By-Products: Focusing on Starch." Foods 13, no. 15 (July 30, 2024): 2415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13152415.

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Unconventional food plants, popularized in Brazil as PANC, remain underutilized globally. In that sense, this study aims to explore the nutritional and functional properties of taioba (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), a plant with edible leaves and tubers, and to investigate its potential for industrial-scale application as a source of starch. A systematic review was carried out and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted based on a random effects synthesis of multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs). The searches were carried out in seven search sources, among which were Web of Science, Elsevier’s Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Springer Nature, Taylor & Francis, Hindawi, Scielo, ACS—American Chemical Society, and Google Scholar. The systematic review was guided by a systematic review protocol based on the POT strategy (Population, Outcome, and Types of studies), adapted for use in this research. Mendeley was a resource used for organization, to manage references, and to exclude duplicates of studies selected for review. The findings revealed that taioba leaves are abundant in essential nutrients, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Additionally, the tubers offer rich starch content along with vitamins and minerals like iron, potassium, and calcium, making them an ideal substitute for conventional sources on an industrial scale. This research highlights the significance of studying the functionalities, applicability, and integration of this PANC in our diets, while also emphasizing its capability as a substitute for traditional starch varieties. Moreover, exploiting this plant’s potential adds value to Amazonian resources, reduces import costs, and diversifies resource utilization across multiple industrial sectors.

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YAMADA, Sunao, Noriyuki SHINOMIYA, Kiyoshi OHBA, Mitsuo SEKIKAWA, and Yuji ODA. "Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Ethanol Fermentation of By-Products from Potato Processing Plants." Food Science and Technology Research 15, no. 6 (2009): 653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/fstr.15.653.

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25

Efendi, Aqila Pradita Hutami, Sindi Ayu Safitri, Oby Ihza Putra, Cagiva Geofani, Fenny Widya Santoso, and Ni Made Ayu Nila Septianingrum. "Prevention of stunting in children by making processed products from traditional plants." Community Empowerment 7, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ce.5630.

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Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to malnutrition in the womb. Stunting cases in Indonesia have decreased every year, but the handling in each region has not been evenly distributed, so there are still many stunting cases, especially in villages. The purpose of this service is to succeed in government programs in reducing stunting rates in Somoketro Village, Salam District, Magelang Regency and to improve community skills in innovating food manufacturing to increase nutritional intake. The service is carried out using the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method which actively involves the community. The results of this service have a positive impact, namely increasing community knowledge and innovation about stunting prevention by utilizing Family Medicinal Plants (TOGA).

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Lou, Jie-Chung, Chien-Er Huang, Jia-Yun Han, and Yu-Jen Huang. "Generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) at two advanced water treatment plants." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 162, no. 1-4 (February 24, 2009): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-0802-3.

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27

Patzak, Josef, Alena Henychová, Petr Svoboda, and Ivana Malířová. "Assessment of epigenetic methylation changes in hop (Humulus lupulus) plants obtained by meristem culture." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 56, No. 4 (October 19, 2020): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/27/2020-cjgpb.

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In vitro meristem cultures have been used for the production of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) virus-free rootstocks worldwide, because multipropagation is considered to preserve the genetic stability of the produced plantlet. Nevertheless, in vitro tissue cultures can cause genetic and epigenetic changes. Therefore, we studied the genetic and epigenetic variability of Saaz Osvald’s clones, Sládek and Premiant cultivars on the DNA methylation level by methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP). In vitro propagated plants, acclimatised glasshouse rootstocks as well as derived mericlones and control plants under field conditions were used for the analyses. A total of 346 clearly and highly reproducible amplified products were detected in the MSAP analyses within the studied hop plants. We found 16 polymorphic products (4.6% of products) and 64 products with methylation changes (18.5% of products) in the analyses. The demethylation events were comparable to the de novo methylation events. Most demethylation changes were found in the in vitro plants, but only a few of them were found in the derived mericlones under field conditions. In contrast, the de novo methylation changes persisted in the acclimatised plants under glasshouse or field conditions. A hierarchical cluster analysis was used for the evaluation of the molecular genetic variability within the individual samples. The dendrogram showed that the individual samples of the same variety, more or less, clustered together. Because the methylation status varied during the virus-free rootstock production process, we suppose that de/methylation process is a natural tool of epigenetics and evolution in vegetatively propagated plants.

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Haider, K., O. Heinemeyer, and A. R. Mosier. "Effects of growing plants on humus and plant residue decomposition in soil; uptake of decomposition products by plants." Science of The Total Environment 81-82 (June 1989): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(89)90175-7.

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Chel-Guerrero, Lilian Dolores, Julio Enrique Oney-Montalvo, and Ingrid Mayanín Rodríguez-Buenfil. "Phytochemical Characterization of By-Products of Habanero Pepper Grown in Two Different Types of Soils from Yucatán, Mexico." Plants 10, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040779.

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By-products of edible plants may contain potentially useful phytochemicals. Herein, we valorized the by-products of Capsicum chinense by phytochemical characterization of its leaves, peduncles and stems. Plants of habanero pepper were grown in a greenhouse, in polyethylene bags with two soils that were named according to the Maya classification as: K’ankab lu’um (red soil) and Box lu’um (black soil). Habanero pepper by-products were dried using an oven, the extracts were obtained by Ultrasound Assisted Extraction, and phytochemical quantification in all the extracts was conducted by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Diode Array Detector (UPLC-DAD). Differences in the phytochemical content were observed according to the by-product and soil used. Catechin and rutin showed the highest concentrations in the peduncles of plants grown in both soils. The leaves of plants grown in black soil were rich in myricetin, β-carotene, and vitamin E, and the stems showed the highest protocatechuic acid content. While the leaves of plants grown in red soil were rich in myricetin and vitamin C, the stems showed the highest chlorogenic acid content. This novel information regarding the phytochemical composition of the by-products of C. chinense may be relevant in supporting their potential application in food and pharmaceutical industries.

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DODAN, Andreea Doina, Crina MUREȘAN, Georgiana MARȚIȘ (PETRUȚ), Romina Alina MARC (VLAIC), and Sevastița MUSTE. "Antioxidants Of Natural Plants Uses In Food Products." Hop and Medicinal Plants 29, no. 1-2 (October 24, 2022): 145–56. https://doi.org/10.15835/hpm.v29i1-2.14235.

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The interest by using natural antioxidants in food products has been focused of counting on the variety of plant materials are known to be natural sources of antioxidants (herbs, spices, seeds, fruits and vegetables). These sources have a low economic impact, considering that the most of them, may be extracted from food by-products and under-exploited plant species. Many foodstuffs that show antioxidant activities have been enriched with plant extracts, characterized by a high concentration of polyphenolic compounds. This article provides an overview of the natural antioxidant potential of polyphenols, the antibacterial effect and their use in food preservation.

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Paulino Estanagel, Thais Hora, Valquíria Miwa Hanai-Yoshida, Cristiane Renata Gaiotto Caldana, Waldemar Bonventi Junior, Marco Vinicius Chaud, Norberto Aranha, Marta Maria Duarte Carvalho Vila, Vitor Manuel Cardoso Figueiredo Balcão, and Jose Martins de Oliveira Junior. "Pollutants harmful to health in herbal products detected by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy." Semina: Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas 41, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2020v41n2p211.

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The goal of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition of some herbal products consumed in Brazil through the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The methodology used encompassed the selection of 14 plants’ dried extracts and six ground plants. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of samples indicating the presence of As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Rb, Zr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Hg, Pb, Bi, Mo, and Pt in different concentrations. It is feasible that part of the contamination found in the herbal products come from the adjuvants/excipients used in the production process. Also, it was found that the extract production process seems to have a low efficiency for the extraction of the main chemical elements present in the ground plants. In the other hand, it has the benefit of reducing the contamination by harmful elements to health, such as heavy metals. EDXRF can replace atomic absorption spectrometry as low-cost and high precision technique to quantify all elements of interest in the pharmaceutical and food industries, within the limits established by regulatory agencies

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Shaikh, Sibhghatulla, Khurshid Ahmad, Syed Sayeed Ahmad, Eun Ju Lee, Jeong Ho Lim, Mirza Masroor Ali Beg, Amit K. Verma, and Inho Choi. "Natural Products in Therapeutic Management of Multineurodegenerative Disorders by Targeting Autophagy." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (September 13, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6347792.

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Autophagy is an essential cellular process that involves the transport of cytoplasmic content in double-membraned vesicles to lysosomes for degradation. Neurons do not undergo cytokinesis, and thus, the cell division process cannot reduce levels of unnecessary proteins. The primary cause of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) is the abnormal deposition of proteins inside neuronal cells, and this could be averted by autophagic degradation. Thus, autophagy is an important consideration when considering means of developing treatments for NDs. Various pharmacological studies have reported that the active components in herbal medicines exhibit therapeutic benefits in NDs, for example, by inhibiting cholinesterase activity and modulating amyloid beta levels, and α-synuclein metabolism. A variety of bioactive constituents from medicinal plants are viewed as promising autophagy controllers and are revealed to recover the NDs by targeting the autophagic pathway. In the present review, we discuss the role of autophagy in the therapeutic management of several NDs. The molecular process responsible for autophagy and its importance in various NDs and the beneficial effects of medicinal plants in NDs by targeting autophagy are also discussed.

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Promdee, Kittiphop, Tharapong Vitidsant, and Peerapon Ruengvilairat. "Products Yield and Some Properties of Bio- Oil from Three Weed Plants Produced by Continuous Pyrolysis Reactor." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.576.

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The bio-oil products by continuous pyrolysis reactor, which takes place at temperatures in the range of 450-600°C, were to compare the quality of bio-oil extracted from different residual plants were, 1) Oil palm bunch [OPB], 2) Water hyacinth [WHC], and 3) Manila grass [MNG]. The preliminary analyses of three residual plants showed that the liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from OPB was highest (29.55 %) and liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from WHC was lowest (28.3 %)., at 350 rpm., and liquid yield of bio-oil obtained from OPB, WHC and MNG were 55.6, 25.55 and 25.67 %, at 150 rpm., respectively. The results showed that biomass extracted from three residual plants had good qualities because of low moisture content and high fixed carbon. The element contents of three residual plants found that high carbon content. The amount of carbon in the bio-oil obtained from OPB, WHC and MNG were 55.91, 55.57, and 55.03 wt.%., respectively., carbon was relatively high in three residual plants. Hence; In this research are concerns the feeding rate, the control gas flow, the temperatures in reactor and reactor operate for produce the hi quality of bio-oil with three residual plants of resist in Thailand.

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Stefán, Dávid, Norbert Erdélyi, Bálint Izsák, Gyula Záray, and Márta Vargha. "Formation of chlorination by-products in drinking water treatment plants using breakpoint chlorination." Microchemical Journal 149 (September 2019): 104008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2019.104008.

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Bakanov, Nikita, Matthias V. Wieczorek, and Ralf Schulz. "Retention of plant protection products (PPPs) by aquatic plants in flow-through systems." Chemosphere 216 (February 2019): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.186.

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Depoi, Fernanda S., Dirce Pozebon, and Wolfgang D. Kalkreuth. "Chemical characterization of feed coals and combustion-by-products from Brazilian power plants." International Journal of Coal Geology 76, no. 3 (November 2008): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.07.013.

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Zaky, Ahmed A., Muhammad Usman Akram, Katarzyna Rybak, Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert, and Malgorzata Nowacka. "Bioactive compounds from plants and by-products: Novel extraction methods, applications, and limitations." AIMS Molecular Science 11, no. 2 (2024): 150–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/molsci.2024010.

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<abstract> In recent years, numerous articles documenting bioactive components derived from diverse food sources have been published. Plant-based bioactive substances hold significant prospects for use as dietary supplements and functional foods because of their potential advantages for human health as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. Utilizing plant by-products as raw materials can also lower production costs and lessen environmental impacts. Thus, this review covered the bioactive substances found in plants and their by-products. The health benefits of bioactive compounds obtained from plant origins were also highlighted in this review. Furthermore, we concentrated on both conventional extraction techniques (e.g., Soxhlet, heat reflux, and maceration) and innovative extraction strategies for bioactive substances, including pulsed electric field (PEF), pressurized liquid, microwave-assisted, ultrasonic-assisted, and subcritical fluid methods. Higher yields obtained by novel extraction methods were found to be of primary interest, considering immediate beneficial economic outcomes. The potential applications of those bioactive substances in the food industry have been studied. Additionally, this investigation handled concerns regarding the challenges and limitations related to bioactive compounds. It is anticipated that the information covered in this review will prove to be a useful resource for the plant food processing sector in suggesting a cost-effective and environmentally friendly extraction technique that would turn plant wastes into a functional product with a high added value. </abstract>

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Grigorov, Maja, Dušanka Kitić, and Dragana Pavlović. "Medicinal plants in dermatological complaints and disorders." Lekovite sirovine, no. 42 (2022): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/leksir2242060g.

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The term "phytopreparations" indicates products with active substances obtained from medicinal plants. Herbal medicines, extracts, essential oils, and isolated active principles are present in both cosmetology and dermatology. The new term, "cosmeceutical" refers to cosmetic preparations which also have therapeutic action. A review of relevant literature and legal frames has been done in order to understand the modern use of medicinal herbs in dermatological disorders. There is no single legal framework in this area. In the therapeutic field of skin disorders and minor wounds, there are 31 European Union monographs on herbal medicinal products prepared by the Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products, while the European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy recommends the use of 19 herbal drugs for dermatological disorders, such as acne, dermatitis, eczema, wounds, skin inflammation, insect bites, etc. Most patients assume an herbal product is "safe" and without side effects simply because it's natural. The rational use of herbal cosmetic products requires appropriate knowledge of used plant materials and potential side effects.

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Munawaroh, Esti, Yupi Isnaini, Purity Sabila Ajiningrum, Siti Susiarti, and Y. Purwanto. "Cultural Significance Analysis to Support the Valuation of Non Timber Forest Products of the Malay Community in Tanjung Jabung, Jambi, Sumatera." Journal of Tropical Ethnobiology 3, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 149–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46359/jte.v3i2.52.

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The study of utilizing the diversity of non-timber forest product species by testing the value of cultural importance or Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) analysis aims to identify the species of non-timber forest products with highest importance value for local communities. The results of this study documented (1) list of species of non-timber forest products that have an important role in the Malay community in Tanjung Jabung, Jambi, including foodstuffs (51-77 plants), vegetable ingredients (21 plants), medicinal materials (> 77 plants), equipment materials (62 plants), pulp and paper materials (27 plants), and other non-timber forest products; (2) list of species of the potential non-timber forest products to be further developed as fruit-producing plants (12 species), vegetables (10 species), medicinal plants (6 species), pulp and paper-based plants (6 species), plywood (18 species), basic materials for manufacturing equipment, arts and other local technology (8 species); and (3) basic data on economic valuation studies of non-timber forest products. The potential species that have high importance value to be cultivated plants were rambai (Baccaurea spp.), cempunik (Artocarpus hispidum), durian (Durio zibethinus, Durio oxleyanus, and Durio spp.), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum and Nephelium spp.) for fruits, rotan jernang (Calamus draco and Calamus spp.) as a medicinal material, and other uses. Specifically the diversity of potential species of non-timber forest products will be discussed in this paper.

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Bajaj, Vijay Kumar, and Radhey S. Gupta. "Review on Research of Suppression Male Fertility and Male Contraceptive Drug Development by Natural Products." Natural Product Communications 8, no. 8 (August 2013): 1934578X1300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300800840.

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Male contraceptive development in the present scenario is most viable aspect of research due to uncontrolled population growth in the world. In this respect investigators are busy to find out a safe male contraceptive drug. Researchers have started their finding for a suitable drug from natural sources because these are safe and easily acceptable for common man, most of natural sources are plants and their products. In this review 137 plants and their effects on reproduction and reproductive physiology are summarized. Some of them have intense effect on male reproductive system and do not produce any side effects. Reproductive toxicological studies are also important aspects of these kinds of researches, so it is important that drugs are safe and widely acceptable. An ideal male contraceptive can influence semen, testes, hormone level, accessory reproductive organs and general physiology of animals and produced some alterations. Many plants in this review are showing antifertility as well as antispermatogenic effects, so these may be used for further study for contraceptives development but it is important to find out the mechanism of reaction and further laboratory and clinical research on some plants are needed for final male contraceptive drug development. In conclusion this review will help for finding suitable plant products for male contraceptive clinical and laboratory studies.

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Chel-Guerrero, Lilian Dolores, Matteo Scampicchio, Giovanna Ferrentino, Ingrid Mayanín Rodríguez-Buenfil, and Mabel Fragoso-Serrano. "In Vitro Assessment of Antiproliferative Activity and Cytotoxicity Modulation of Capsicum chinense By-Product Extracts." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 8, 2022): 5818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12125818.

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Capsicum chinense J., also known locally as habanero pepper, is a medicinal herb known for its pharmacological properties. Its properties are attributed to the capsaicinoids and polyphenols found in its fruit and polyphenols in its by-products. The anticancer potential of C. chinense by-products remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative activity and modulation of the cytotoxicity of extracts obtained from C. chinense by-products of plants grown on black and red soils of Yucatan, Mexico. Dry by-product extracts were obtained using maceration, a Soxhlet, and supercritical fluid extraction. In vitro antiproliferative activity and cytotoxicity modulation were evaluated by the sulforhodamine B method. The extract of leaves of plants grown on black soil obtained by maceration displayed selective high cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells, IC50 HCT–15 = 16.23 ± 2.89 µg mL−1. The leaf and stem extracts of plants grown on red soil obtained by maceration potentiated the vinblastine’s effect against parental breast cancer cells, MCF–7/Sens, with a reversion factor of 362.50-fold. Additionally, the extract of stems from plants grown on black soil obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and all the by-product extracts from plants grown on black soil obtained through maceration increased the effect of vinblastine against MCF–7/Vin+ with a reversion factor from 5.06- to 7.78-fold. These results highlight the anticancer potential of C. chinense by-products.

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Musarra-Pizzo, Maria, Rosamaria Pennisi, Ichrak Ben-Amor, Giuseppina Mandalari, and Maria Teresa Sciortino. "Antiviral Activity Exerted by Natural Products against Human Viruses." Viruses 13, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13050828.

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Viral infections are responsible for several chronic and acute diseases in both humans and animals. Despite the incredible progress in human medicine, several viral diseases, such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, respiratory syndromes, and hepatitis, are still associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in humans. Natural products from plants or other organisms are a rich source of structurally novel chemical compounds including antivirals. Indeed, in traditional medicine, many pathological conditions have been treated using plant-derived medicines. Thus, the identification of novel alternative antiviral agents is of critical importance. In this review, we summarize novel phytochemicals with antiviral activity against human viruses and their potential application in treating or preventing viral disease.

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Panmei, Robert, Padma Gajurel, B. Singh, and P. Rethy. "Utilization Pattern of Non-Timber Forest Products by Rongmei Tribe of Manipur, North East India." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2014-29c7b8.

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The present study was carried out to document the plants origin NTFPs with traditional knowledge associated with the utilization pattern by Rongmei tribe in Tamenglong District of Manipur. The information were gathered from field survey and interaction with the local people of the areas using modified semi structure questionnaires. Altogether 93 plant species belonging to 48 families and 83 genera are documented with different utility pattern. Major essential NTFPs extracted from the forests are edible plants, medicinal plants, bamboo and cane and firewood. Whereas the collections of other NTFPs like betel leaves, broom grasses, rope and binding material and thatching leaves etc. are occasional and seasonal. Some species like Brassiopsis hainla, Calamus floribundus, Clerodendrum colebrookianum, Musa paradisiaca, etc. show multiple uses. The present study reveals that the Rongmei tribe in the state mostly depends on wild forest resources having good traditional knowledge system for selection and utilization.

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Vyawahare, Pradeep, Pingping Sun, Ben Young, Adarsh Bafana, Taemin Kim, Troy R. Hawkins, and Amgad Elgowainy. "Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis of the Chlor-Alkali Process and By-Product Hydrogen in the United States." Hydrogen 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2025): 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6010012.

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Hydrogen is considered a key energy carrier for which interest has grown over recent years. Chlor-alkali plants in the United States (U.S.) can potentially recover and supply the by-product hydrogen at scale. However, there is a scarcity of standard analysis for energy use and emissions associated with products from chlor-alkali plants owing to lack of data and variations in chlor-alkali plant technology and operation. A rigorous life cycle analysis (LCA) is needed to quantify the emissions of by-product hydrogen and other products from chlor-alkali plants. In this study, we performed well-to-gate (WTG) emissions analysis of chlor-alkali products based on U.S. plant operating data gathered from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Chemical Data Reporting database, the U.S. Energy Information Administration survey EIA-923 form, and the EPA’s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program. We performed process-level mass allocation to allocate energy use and emissions to the chlor-alkali products. This study shows that the by-product hydrogen has WTG CO2 emissions of 1.3–1.9 kgCO2/kg H2 for plants without combined heat and power (non-CHP) and 1.5–2.4 kgCO2/kg H2 for plants with combined heat and power (CHP). Furthermore, we identified that electricity upstream emissions are the key driver affecting the emissions of by-product hydrogen from non-CHP plants, while CHP emissions can be reduced by electricity export to grids with higher carbon intensity (CI). Finally, the study shows that chlor-alkali plants in the U.S. can potentially meet up to 320 kilotons of hydrogen demand (approximately 3% of total demand) annually.

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Ma, Ying, Xinduo Li, Zhanying Gu, and Jian’an Li. "Leaf Color and Growth Change of Sedum rubrotinctum Caused by Two Commercial Chemical Products." HortScience 54, no. 3 (March 2019): 434–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13557-18.

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Sedum rubrotinctum is widely grown as an ornamental because of its attractive leaf shape and color. Increasing the morphological diversity and color will greatly add to its ornamental value. Environmental conditions such as light and temperature can change the leaf color of succulent plants, but the mechanism is uncertain. To examine this mechanism, we tested the effects of two commercial chemical products Sowing Goodliness (Sg) and Aromatic Garden (Ag) on the morphology, pigment content, and growth performance of Sedum rubrotinctum seedlings. The Sg treatment did not change foliage color, but can accelerate plant growth and increase lateral bud number. The Ag treatment had marked changes on the relative proportions of pigments and leaf color, and plant growth was severely reduced with mortality observed in some plants. After Ag stress was discontinued, the surviving plants began to regrow and had good ornamental value but had the fewest number of lateral buds and leaves, and the smallest leaf length and thickness, canopy diameter, and plant height. Foliage color changes are caused directly by shifts in the relative proportions of pigments, particularly chlorophyll b and anthocyanin. In Ag-treated plants, chlorophyll b declined much faster than chlorophyll a, indicating that the transformation of chlorophyll b into chlorophyll a is an important step in the chlorophyll degradation pathway. Ag provides a way to learn more about the mechanism of chlorophyll degradation and should be investigated further. Ag enhanced anthocyanin production rapidly and improved the ornamental value of Sedum rubrotinctum. Different concentrations of Ag and Sg were not studied in this trial and might be tested to determine the ideal balance between leaf color and plant growth.

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Rosenzweig, Tovit, and Sanford R. Sampson. "Activation of Insulin Signaling by Botanical Products." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (April 18, 2021): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084193.

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide health problem, ranked as one of the leading causes for severe morbidity and premature mortality in modern society. Management of blood glucose is of major importance in order to limit the severe outcomes of the disease. However, despite the impressive success in the development of new antidiabetic drugs, almost no progress has been achieved with regard to the development of novel insulin-sensitizing agents. As insulin resistance is the most eminent factor in the patho-etiology of T2D, it is not surprising that an alarming number of patients still fail to meet glycemic goals. Owing to its wealth of chemical structures, the plant kingdom is considered as an inventory of compounds exerting various bioactivities, which might be used as a basis for the development of novel medications for various pathologies. Antidiabetic activity is found in over 400 plant species, and is attributable to varying mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, relatively limited evidence exists regarding phytochemicals directly activating insulin signaling, which is the focus of this review. Here, we will list plants and phytochemicals that have been found to improve insulin sensitivity by activation of the insulin signaling cascade, and will describe the active constituents and their mechanism of action.

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Telysheva, G., L. Jashina, G. Lebedeva, T. Dizhbite, V. Solodovnik, O. Mutere, S. Grigiškis, E. Baškys, and J. Aikaite. "Use Of Plants To Remediate Soil Polluted With Oil." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 5, 2015): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2011vol1.925.

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In the present investigation the growing and development ability of various annual and perennial plants to grow on model peat substrate artificially polluted with oil products in the range of concentrations from 1 to 5% was evaluated. The highest tolerance towards peat contamination by oil products has been demonstrated by three annual crops (maize, oat and lupine). These plants were tested for phytoremediation of polluted black soil from the area of oil refinery plant (Mazeikiai, Lithuania), which was treated by association of oil oxidizing bacteria up to residual concentration of the oil products of 4.5 %. The maize plants revealed the highest remediation ability: oil content in the soil decreased by ~ 1.5 times in one month plant vegetation.

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Shedoeva, Aleksandra, David Leavesley, Zee Upton, and Chen Fan. "Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (September 22, 2019): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2684108.

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Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.

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Aranha Brito, Maria Cristiane, JÉssyca Wan Lume Da Silva Godinho, TÁlison Taylon Diniz Ferreira, TÁssio RÔmulo Silva AraÚjo Luz, JosÉ Antonio Costa Leite, Denise Fernandes Coutinho Moraes, and Flavia Maria MendonÇa Do Amaral. "TRADE AND QUALITY CONTROL OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN BRAZIL." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 10 (August 12, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i10.12983.

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The use of medicinal plants is influenced by the cultural legacy of popular knowledge of plants with therapeutic purposes, resulting from the ethnic mix of the population, with a strong Indian, European, African, and Asian influence. Other factors, such as difficulties in access the regular health services associated with poor socioeconomic conditions, and easy access to medicinal plants, and/or herbal products have contributed to consolidate herbal medicine as a widely resource used by the population. However, these products, derived from plants do not always possess the sufficient safeguards for their use and have not been proved for their therapeutic safety or quality. Thus, it emphasizes the need for studies on the marketing of medicinal plants, and to evaluate the quality of these products in order to conduct pharmacovigilance, ensure safe and effective use, especially by contributing to the full development of Phytotherapy.

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GRELIK, ALEKSANDRA, EWELINA KOWALCZYK, and KRZYSZTOF KWIATEK. "Categorization of animal by-products and labelling of derived products with of glycerol triheptanoate (GTH)." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 05 (2019): 6250–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6250.

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Animal by-products result mainly from the slaughter of animals for human consumption, the production of products of animal origin (such as dairy products), the disposal of dead animals, and disease-control measures. Regardless of their source, they pose a potential risk to public and animal health and the environment. This risk needs to be adequately controlled, either by safe disposal of such products, or by their utilization, provided that strict conditions are maintained to minimize the health risks involved. Animal by-products are classified into categories that reflect the level of risk to public and animal health arising from those by-products (Cat. 1, 2 and 3). According to Commission Regulation (EU) No 142/2011, in processing plants for the processing of Category 1 or 2 material, derived products shall be permanently marked with glycerol triheptanoate (GTH). The minimum content of marker in target materials is 250 mg/kg of fat. For the determination of glycerol triheptanoate in dry meat, bone meals, rendered fat and soil adjuvants, gas chromatography technique and mass spectrometry detection are used

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