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1
Deng, Lijun, Yongqi Liu, Zhiming Wang, Shiying Liu, and Jian Zhang. "Optimization of the Location of the Oil Cooling Gallery in the Diesel Engine Piston." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01610010126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The oil cooling gallery is arranged at the top of the piston, which can effectively reduce the heat load of the piston. In this paper, finite element analysis and fatigue analysis by FE-safe are used to calculate the effects of the different positions of the oil cooling gallery to the temperature, stress field and the fatigue strength of the bowl rim, top land, first ring groove, second land and cooling gallery. The results show that, with the oil cooling gallery moving upward regularly, the temperature of the oil cooling gallery increased, and the temperature of other piston critical position decreased; but when the distance of the oil cooling gallery and combustion chamber decreased, the structural strength of the combustion chamber decreases gradually. In addition, too small distance between the oil cooling gallery and the top surface will make the temperature of the oil cooling gallery too high, which makes the oil coking in the oil cooling gallery, affecting the cooling effect seriously. For this type of piston, the optimal distance between the oil cooling gallery and the top surface is 12.5mm.
2
Gots, A. N., and S. A. Glinkin. "Analysis of methods for improvement of thermal stability of pistons of tractor diesel engines." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 83, no. 12 (December 15, 2016): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66282.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article considers the applied methods for improving the thermal strength of pistons of internal combustion engines. Tractor diesels with combustion chamber in the piston have the greatest rate of temperature change at load rise and release, as well as the highest values of temperature gradients. The highest thermal loads occur in pistons with a semi-open combustion chamber. Periodic thermal loads with high value of temperature gradient lead to thermal fatigue fractures. Such fractures may begin with the appearance of cracks on the edge of combustion chamber. The presence even of a small crack on the edge of combustion chamber leads to its further growth, which can cause the destruction of piston. The main causes of cracks formation on the edge of combustion chamber are the alternating stresses induced from alternating gas pressure in cylinder during the working cycle; the low-frequency oscillations of the piston temperature arising from the changing of operation modes of engine; the high-frequency cyclical thermal oscillations caused by the temperature change of material in the surface layer of combustion chamber for each working cycle. The most common design and technology solutions improving the thermal strength of pistons are the following ones: the change of the edge radius of combustion chamber throat; the reinforcement of combustion chamber edge with more heat-resistant materials; the use of materials with high thermal stability for manufacture of pistons; the artificial heat insulation of piston or its cooling by oil. The disadvantage of use of cooling oil gallery is the acceleration of oil aging process. The alternative solution is to limit the heat supply to the walls of combustion chamber by means of heat protection coating applied by gas-flame, detonation or electric-arc way. The easiest way to improve the thermal strength of diesel piston with a semi-open combustion chamber is the design change.
3
Mukmin, Muhammad Amirul. "ANALISIS KEANDALAN DAN PENENTUAN PERSEDIAAN OPTIMAL SUKU CADANG COMPRESOR TWO STAGE FOR VESSEL IQF DENGAN METODE ABC DAN RELIABILITY DI PT.KELOLA MINA LAUT." MATRIK (Jurnal Manajemen dan Teknik) 17, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/matrik.v17i1.161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Production process PT. Kelola Mina Laut has often had obstacles of not working operation of production systems ( production stop because of the problem at bottleneck or breakdown ). This happens because the breakage production machine or waiting for engine unit/component ordered and purchased to replace the faulty component. Especially on machine compressor two-stage no 6 for vessel IQF 4 So it required that the optimal inventory control of spare parts. The method used for the determination this component is the ABC classification method and the method Reliability. ABC obtained by the method of classification of class A that is a component Cylinder liner, piston, piston ring, water pump cooling kop and oil pump. From research to get the value of reliability and the optimal amount of spare parts that cylinder liner with 0.005566 reliability value and the rate of failure 0.012. component piston with the reliability value of 0.017 and the rate of failure 0.014. component piston ring with the reliability value of 0.069 and the rate of failure 0.003605. Component water pumps cooling kop with reliability value of 0.04 and the rate of failure 0.001933 and component Oil Pump with reliability value of 0.03 and the rate of failure 0.002274. Component count is required in a year on machine compressor two-stage no 6 for vessel IQF 4 is 4 units Cylinder liner,5 units of pistons, 1 unit piston ring, 1 unit water pump cooling kop and 1 unit oil pump. With this research can save maintenance costs amounting to 29.86% by a margin price of Rp 37,506,700.00
4
Xu, Qin Chao, Shu Zong Wang, and Yong Qing Lian. "Thermal Transfer Boundary Condition and Thermal Load of Piston for Torpedo Cam Engines." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.619.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Piston of cam engines for torpedo works in terrible condition and always be caused fatigue breakdown by thermal load. In this paper, the thermal boundary condition of different piston parts are ascertained, such as the crown surface of piston and high-temp gas, the side of piston and cooling water, and the skirt of piston and cooling oil. Then the piston’s temperature field is obtained by using the finite element analysis software. This result provides the practical reference for further improving the structure and optimizing the design of the piston. Keywords: cam engine; piston; heat-transfer coefficient; temperature field.
5
Ning, Hai Qiang, Jin Sheng Dou, Xing Hua Huang, and Yuan Wen Xie. "Thermal Load Simulation and Structure Improvement of High Speed Diesel Engine Piston." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 2843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2843.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to solve cylinder-scraping of a four-cylinder high speed diesel engine, based on the measurement of piston temperature, the piston temperature field was numerically simulated by using temperature fitting method, the calculation results were well consistent with the measured temperature. By finite element analysis of piston thermal load based on the calculation results as temperature load, enlarging oil cooling cavity in the piston head was proposed to enhance cooling locally, which could effectively reduce temperature of the piston head and the first ring groove and avoid the occurrence of cylinder-scraping.
6
Abramchuk, Fedor I., and Andrey N. Avramenko. "Prospects of Using Steel Pistons in Transport Diesel Engines." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 48, no. 2 (November 14, 2019): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.12466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The results of comparative design research in the thermal stress and strain state of the piston in transport diesel engine 2 F 10.5/12 are given for its rated power operation. The standard piston is made of an aluminium alloy, and the modernized one, of steel. Piston thermal profiling and indicator test results were used for identifying the mathematical models and refining the boundary conditions for mechanics and heat conduction problems. To ensure reliable heat rejection from the piston, the paper considered the case of oil jet cooling. This was taken into account when describing the boundary conditions of the heat conduction problem. The thin-wall steel piston with oil jet cooling was shown to function reliably under the study conditions. The temperature in the first compression ring groove does not exceed 200 °С, and the radial deformation of the piston crown is less than half of that of an aluminium alloy standard piston.
7
Wu, Ji, Shu Lin Duan, Zhan Hua Wu, Li Dui Wei, and Hui Xing. "Coupled Heat Transfer Analysis of Piston Crown, Piston Rings and Cylinder Liner." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
MAN Diesel’s 6S50MC-C disel is a two-stroke marine diesel engine. As the boundary conditions of temperature field distribution, the mean temperature and mean heat transfer coefficient are calculated firstly. The coupled heat transfer of piston crown, piston rings and cylinder liner are analyzed. The steady temperature field and the transient heat transfer under starting condition of diesel engine are obtained in ANSYS. Maximum temperature is 413.55°C in the top surface edge of the piston crown. 59.5% of the total heat from high-temperature fuel gas heat is absorbed by the cooling oil. The temperature of piston crown is effectively reduced by shaker cooling. The load of diesel engine should be increased slowly to prevent stress concentration. To reduce the destructive effect, enhancing cooling and warming up the main engine are requested.
8
Liu, Shi Ying, Xiao Qing Tian, Xu Dong Zhao, and Zeng Jian Feng. "Development of Piston Salt Core for the High Duty Engines." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 556–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.556.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
New salt core technique for using in the high duty internal combustion engine piston under high pressure cast was developed.With special additional ceramic, the salt core’s compressive strength and the density performance were improved. Granulation technique could refine the grain microstructure. Orthogonal experiments were adopted for getting the process parameters, in this way, oil cooling gallery can be formed completely by the new technology. The new progress has been widely used by the high duty pistons.
9
JASKIERNIK, Maciej, Konrad BUCZEK, and Jędrzej WALKOWIAK. "Simulation of the oil supply through the connecting rod to the piston cooling channels in medium speed engines." Combustion Engines 180, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2020-104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The importance of the oil flow simulation in connecting rod oil channels during the engine development process is recently increasing. This can be observed either in medium speed engines, where, as one of the traditional solutions, the oil for piston cooling is supplied through the connecting rod, or in automotive engine VCR (variable compression ratio) connecting rods, where engine oil is used to change the compression ratio of the engine. In both cases, precise numerical results are necessary to shorten the prototyping period and to reduce the overall development cost. The multi-physics character of the simulation problem basically consists of the interaction between the dynamics of the crank train components and the oil flow. For the oil supply to the piston cooling channels through the connecting rod in medium speed engines, being the objective of this paper, a major influencing factor is the oil pressure behavior in the piston cooling gallery providing periodical interaction with its supply. At the same time, the connecting rod elastic deformation during engine operation can be regarded as negligible and the planar motion of the connecting rod can be reproduced by combination of translational and rotational acceleration fields in the CFD solver. The paper includes the description of the applied simulation approach, the results and a comparison with the state-of-the art calculation without consideration of the above-mentioned influencing factors.
10
Cho, Hoon, and Michiel van Nieuwstadt. "Piston temperature model oriented to control applications in diesel engines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 11 (November 11, 2017): 1562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017731680.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, the development of a control-oriented piston temperature model for diesel engines is discussed. Using the underlying energy balance at the piston, a one-state piston temperature model was developed based on a thermal resistance concept. The model is composed of five sub-models: an engine model, a heat distribution model, a piston temperature model, an initial piston temperature model, and a maximum piston temperature model. In the engine model, the combustion heat transferred to the engine is calculated based on the energy balance in the cylinder chamber. The heat distribution model, which is a main feature in this model, determines the heat transferred to the piston using two maps as a function of engine speed and fuel depending on the piston cooling jet (PCJ) operation. The energy balance at the piston is applied to calculate the mean piston temperature, and the initial piston temperature is determined by the arbitration between the piston and the oil temperatures. The maximum piston temperature is estimated using a simple linear correction to the mean piston temperature. Integrating all sub-models in the Simulink platform, the model was identified and validated using piston temperature measurements under steady-state fuel steps as well as transient tests. There is a good agreement between the modeled and the measured piston temperatures with less than 4.1°C of root-mean-square-error (RMSE) over transient emissions cycles (FTP-75, LA92, and HWEFT). The modeled piston temperature can be used as an input to the control strategy of variable cooling devices, such as a variable displacement oil pump.
11
Zheng, Qing Ping, Chun Yan Ma, and Jie Zhong Zhang. "Finite Element Analysis of the Piston Thermal Load in a Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.304.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis on the diesel engine piston is carried out in the paper. The distribution of temperature, stress and strain within piston at the rated conditions of the engine are obtained from the simulation. The calculated temperature is consistent with the results of the piston surface temperature which is obtained by hardness plug method, thus confirming the model's validity. The calculated maximum temperature is 374 °C and the minimum temperature is 144 °C. The maximum stress is 118MPa located between the piston skirt above the pin hole and the third ring groove. The maximum thermal strain appears at the piston top with the value of 6.29×10-3. Finally, the temperature simulation of the piston adopted oil-splashing cooling is implemented. It is proved that thermal load can be further reduced through cooling measure.
12
Zhu, Nanlin, Fei Dong, Mingjing Zong, and Jie Ni. "Simulation and Optimization on Oscillating Cooling Characteristics in High-Enhanced Piston Oil Cooling Gallery." SAE International Journal of Engines 10, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 1993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-1049.
Повний текст джерела
13
Фордуй, Сергій Георгійович, Андрій Миколайович Радченко, Анатолій Анатолійович Зубарєв, Володимир Володимирович Бойчук та Олексій Валерійович Остапенко. "РЕЗЕРВИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ТЕПЛОТИ УСТАНОВКИ АВТОНОМНОГО ЕНЕРГОЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ". Aerospace technic and technology, № 4 (31 серпня 2019): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2019.4.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is analyzed the efficiency of heat conversion in the integrated electricity, heat and cooling supply of the enterprise. The installation for energy supply includes two JMS 420 GS-N.LC GE Jenbacher cogeneration gas engines manufactured as cogeneration modules with heat exchangers for removing the heat of exhaust gases, scavenge gas-air mixture, cooling water of engine and lubricating oil. The heat of hot water is transformed by the absorption lithium-bromide chiller AR-D500L2 Century into the cold, which is spent on technological needs and for the operation of the central air conditioner for cooling the incoming air of the engine room, where from it is sucked by the turbocharger of the engine. The presence of significant heat losses, which account for about 30% of the total heat removed from the cogeneration gas piston module and is due to the inconsistency of the joint operation modes of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller and the gas piston engine, was revealed. This inconsistency is caused by the contradictory conditions of their effective operation according to the temperature of the return coolant at the outlet of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller and the entrance to the engine cooling system. The thermal state of the gas piston engine is ensured by maintaining the temperature of the return coolant at the entrance to it is not higher than 70 °C. At the same time, during the transformation of the heat of the coolant into the cold in an absorption lithium-bromide chiller, the temperature decreasing in the machine is no more than 10 ... 15 °С, that is, up to 75 ... 80 °С, if the temperature of the heat coolant outlet from the cogeneration gas piston module, i.e. at the inlet of the absorption lithium-bromide chiller, 90 °С. Therefore, the return coolant is additionally cooled in the "emergency heat release" radiator by removing its heat into surroundings. It is shown the possibility of increasing the cooling capacity of the system by conversion of the return coolant exhaust heat into cold in absorption lithium-bromide and ejector chillers through the data procession of monitoring the heat conversion system in the integrated energy plant.
14
Guan, Zixu, and Yi Cui. "Thermal load analysis and control of four-stroke high speed diesel engine." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190915163g.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aiming at the thermal load problem of the four-stroke high-speed diesel engine piston, a piston thermal fluid-solid coupling model based on the combustion thermal boundary and the two-phase flow oscillation cooling thermal boundary is established. The model considers the problem that the piston can?t fill the cooling cavity due to the reciprocating motion. The effects of different engine speeds and the injection speed on the filling rate are studied. The variation curves of the filling rate of the oil in the cooling cavity are simulated, and the transient heat transfer coefficient and temperature of each crank angle are obtained. The average value is then analyzed by heat flow-solid coupling, and the influence of the filling rate of the piston cavity on the temperature field of the piston is obtained. Through the comparison of the experimental results of the hardness plug measurement method, the calculation of the model is accurate and can be well used for the simulation of the piston temperature field and the evaluation of the thermal load at the critical position. Based on this model, the regularity analysis of the influencing factors of the piston thermal load is carried out. The influencing factors include the filling rate of the cavity, the air-fuel ratio, the injection timing, etc., and finally the engine operating range that meets the heat load requirements is obtained.
15
Shcherba, V. E., G. S. Averyanov, S. A. Korneev, S. V. Korneev, A. Y. Ovsyannikov, and D. A. Ritter. "An Analysis of Various Cooling Liquids in a Two-Cylinder Single-Stage Piston Hybrid Power Machine with Fluid Flow Due to Vacuum at Suction Based on Experimental Results." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 12 (729) (December 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2020-12-40-49.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper examines the use of various types of cooling liquids in a two-cylinder single-stage piston hybrid power machine with fluid flow due to vacuum at suction. Liquids with various basic thermal properties were used as working fluids: distilled water, antifreeze, and transmission oil. Specific heat capacities and dynamic viscosities of these liquids differed from 2 to 10 times. The experimental studies showed that the greatest cooling effect on the cylinder-piston group was observed when using distilled water, and the least — when using transmission oil. The average surface temperature of the working chamber when cooled with water was minimal in the range of 330–340 K. The average surface temperature of the working chamber when cooled with transmission oil was maximum and ranged from 345 to 355 K, i. e. it was about 15 K higher than when cooled with water. The average surface temperature of the working chamber when cooled with antifreeze occupied an intermediate position between the average temperatures of the working chamber when cooled with water and that with transmission oil and was in the range of 335–345 K, i. e. about 5 K higher than when cooled with water.
16
Derbiszewski, Bogdan, Marek Wozniak, Lukasz Grala, Michal Waleciak, Maksym Hryshchuk, Krzysztof Siczek, Andrzej Obraniak, and Przemyslaw Kubiak. "A Study on the Flow Resistance of Fluids Flowing in the Engine Oil-Cooler Chosen." Lubricants 9, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants9080075.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oil-coolers are necessary components in high performance diesel engines. The heat removed by the cooler is a component in the total heat rejection via the engine coolant. Oil-cooler absorbs the heat rejected during the piston cooling and engine rubbing friction power loss. During flows of both coolant and engine oil via the oil-cooler, some flow resistances occur. The aim of the study is to determine values of the flow resistance coefficient for oil going through the cooler at various temperatures. The test stand was developed to determine time needed to empty tanks from liquids flowing through oil-cooler. The flow model was elaborated to study the mentioned flow resistance coefficient with respect to changing liquid temperature. The 20 °C increase in liquid temperature resulted in a flow resistance coefficient decrease of 30% for coolant and of the much more for engine oil. It was found that better results would be achieved with flows forced by means of pumps instead of using gravitational forces on the test stand.
17
Радченко, Андрій Миколайович, Анатолій Анатолійович Зубарєв, Сергій Георгійович Фордуй, Володимир Володимирович Бойчук та Віталій Васильович Цуцман. "АНАЛІЗ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯ КОГЕНЕРАЦІЙНОГО ГАЗОПОРШНЕВОГО МОДУЛЯ УСТАНОВКИ АВТОНОМНОГО ЕНЕРГОЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ". Aerospace technic and technology, № 7 (31 серпня 2019): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2019.7.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The analysis of the efficiency of cooling air of cogeneration gas-piston module of installations for combined production of electric energy, heat, and cold is performed. The installation for energy supply includes two JMS 420 GS-N.LC GE Jenbacher cogeneration gas-piston engines manufactured as cogeneration modules with heat exchangers for removing the heat of exhaust gases, scavenge gas-air mixture, cooling water of engine and lubricating oil. The heat of hot water is transformed by the absorption lithium-bromide chiller AR-D500L2 Century into the cold, which is spent on technological needs and for the operation of the central air conditioner for cooling the incoming air of the engine room, wherefrom it is sucked by the turbocharger of the engine. The temperature of the scavenge gas-air mixture at the entrance to the working cylinders of the engine is maintained by the system of recirculating cooling with the removal of its heat into surroundings by the radiator. Because of significant heat influx from working engines and other equipment, as well as through the enclosures of the engine room from the outside to the air-cooled in the central air conditioner in the engine room, from where it is sucked by a turbocharger, the air temperature at the inlet of the turbocharger is quite high: 25...30 °C. At elevated temperatures of the ambient air at the inlet of the radiator for cooling scavenge gas-air mixture and the air at the turbocharger inlet the fuel economy of engine is falling, which indicates the need for efficient cooling of air. The efficiency of cooling the air of the gas-piston module was estimated by a reduction in the consumption of gaseous fuel and the increase in electric power of the engine. For this purpose, the data of monitoring on the fuel efficiency of the gas-piston engine with the combined influence of the ambient air temperature at the inlet of the radiator and the air at the turbocharger inlet were processed to obtain data on their separate effects and to determine the ways to further improve the air cooling system of the gas-piston module.
18
Sun, Jian, Jianguo Li, Yuanli Liu, Zhijie Huang, and Jinghui Cai. "A Novel Oil-free Dual Piston Compressor Driven by a Moving Coil Linear Motor with Capacity Regulation Using R134a." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 5029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095029.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Improving compressor efficiency is very important to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A novel oil-free dual piston compressor prototype driven by a moving coil linear motor was developed, and its working principle was described in detail. The prototype was integrated with a test rig to measure the operation characteristics, the compressor efficiencies and the coefficient of performance (COP). The results show that the dual piston structure results in extraordinary sinusoidal gas force and electromagnetic force and significantly reduces piston offset, which is completely different from the traditional single piston structure. Compared with the variable frequency method, the variable stroke method has lower energy consumption and a higher COP, which is more suitable to cooling capacity regulation for the prototype. The maximum COP, motor efficiency and volumetric efficiency are 5.34, 87.9% and 79.1%, respectively, under the design condition (the evaporation pressure is 0.35 MPa, and the pressure ratio is 2.54). The COP of the linear compressor is 38%, 24% and 12% higher than the commercial crank-driven reciprocating compressor at the pressure ratios of 2.54, 2.80 and 3.90, respectively, which reflects the efficiency advantage of the dual piston linear compressor in household refrigeration.
19
Kelleher, Jordan, and Nikhil Ajotikar. "Piston Cooling Nozzle Oil Jet Evaluation Using CFD and a High Speed Camera." SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles 9, no. 2 (September 27, 2016): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-8100.
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20
Agarwal, A. K., and M. B. Varghese. "Numerical investigations of piston cooling using oil jet in heavy duty diesel engines." International Journal of Engine Research 7, no. 5 (October 2006): 411–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14680874jer01804.
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21
Putintsev, S. V., and A. G. Ageev. "Efficiency checking of use of stiffening ribs for piston skirt of a low-sized diesel engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 83, no. 11 (November 15, 2016): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study actuality is connected with a problem of high mechanical losses due to friction in naturally aspirated high-speed low-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines. The research aims to check the efficiency of application of an experimental piston with rigid skirt that according to preliminary data provides the decrease of mechanical losses in the cylinder-piston group. The check method consists in comparison of benchmarks of a serial piston and an experimental one. Following indices are accepted as benchmarks: the piston friction force and mechanical losses formed by its work; the temperatures in characteristic zones of the piston; the temperatures of cylinder wall and motor oil caused by the piston friction; the moment of resistance to turning of crankshaft of installation with piston in the cylinder. The comparison is made by means of both modeling and experiments on a model installation designed on the base of 1Ch 85/80 (TMZ-450D) low-sized diesel engine. The comparison objects are a serial piston of diesel engine and an experimental piston with improved rigidity of skirt provided by special stiffening ribs joining the skirt wall with piston bosses. The results of modeling show the advantage of the experimental piston over serial one by signs of decrease of mechanical losses by 4%, of skirt wear by 33%, of temperatures of combustion chamber center and piston top edge accordingly by 5 and 10%. The experimental check allows to establish that the experimental piston with other equal conditions of turning without compression, combustion and cooling provides the decrease in the moment of resistance to turning by 3%, in temperatures of cylinder wall by 9% and motor oil by 6%. The results of comparative modeling and experiment highlight the certain prospect of substitution of serial piston for the experimental one, which is caused by possibility of significant decrease of temperature of the piston top and mechanical losses.
22
PIETRYKOWSKI, Konrad, Paweł MAGRYTA, and Krzysztof SKIBA. "Finite element analysis of a composite piston for a diesel aircraft engine." Combustion Engines 179, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-417.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article presents calculations of thermal and mechanical loads of the piston, consisting of two parts: steel and aluminum. The calculations were made using FEM in the Abaqus software. The piston is characterized by a split construction and was equipped with a cooling oil channel. The piston will be used in an aircraft diesel engine characterized by opposite piston movement. The presented geometry of the piston is the next of the ones being developed earlier and contains preliminary assumptions as to the size and main geometrical dimensions. The thermal boundary conditions of the simulation tests assumed defined areas of heat reception surface and heating of the piston by defining a temperature map on its crown. The results of these studies were presented in the form of temperature distribution and heat flux on the surface of the tested element. The strength boundary conditions assumed a mechanical load in the form of pressure resulting from the pressure in the combustion chamber applied to the piston crown surface and the opposite pressure defined on the support at the surface of contact between the piston and the piston pin. The results of these tests were presented in the form of stress distribution on the surface of the tested element. As a result of the analyses carried out, the results constituting the basis for further modernization of the piston geometry were obtained.
23
Yu, Long-jie, Chen Yang, Junhui Zhang, and Jin-yuan Qian. "Effects of oil channels and oil flow rate on cooling performance of closed circuit axial piston transmission." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 28 (December 2021): 101375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101375.
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Sugiri, Mochamad, D. N. Adnyana, and Agus Sugiana. "ANALISA KERUSAKAN PISTON MESIN DIESEL POMPA BANJIR DAN OPTIMASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN PEMELIHARAAN." SAINSTECH: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGKAJIAN SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 32, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/stch.v32i1.1259.
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ABSTRACT
To overcome the floods in Jakarta, DKI Jakarta's Water Resources Service alerted 144 (one hundred forty-four) pump houses that crossed the Ciliwung River. In addition to alerting the pump houses, DKI Jakarta also prepared 133 (one hundred thirty-three) portable (mobile) pumps spread over 5 (five) administrative cities. From the information obtained it is known that in January 2018 there was damage to the 1103 Series diesel engine piston, 50 kVA Generator drive, 36 kW operating in the Jakarta flood pump. Identified factors causing failure are preceded by a high-temperature indication on the cylinder wall which causes the piston to be stuck due to a lack of cylinder block lubrication. This study will identify the factors causing damage to the diesel engine flood pump in West Jakarta, analyze the failure of the piston engine diesel flood pump, determine precautionary measures, and determines maintenance techniques to avoid the same damage to the flood pump diesel engine piston, & analyzes the maintenance management system applied to the diesel engine. This study uses qualitative research methodology with the process of testing stages: macroscopic, metallographic, chemical composition analysis, hardness, SEM (Scanning Electron Macroscopy) which is equipped with EDXS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) analysis, Schedule Oil Sampling. From the results of the discussion, it was found that the factors causing the piston diesel engine failure to the flood pump were very influential, by testing: 1) metallography obtained by the piston microstructure in the form of aluminum dendrite which indicated that the piston had local melting which resulted in local overheating; 2). viscosity (viscosity) of used oil is obtained: TBN (Total Base Number) on oil is a little low, oxidation is slightly above normal because of incomplete combustion, and there is an increase (difference) in the elements of Fe and Cu in used oil that is 9 ppm and 3 ppm, where if the Fe> content will cause damage to the Cylinder Block Liner & piston & if Cu> will cause failure to the bearing. From the results of this research, it is necessary to optimize the maintenance management system, namely: 1) implementing a Standard Operation Procedure for diesel engines (Inspection: fuel, radiator water, ACCU water, engine oil, R-S-T-N cable, ACCU cable, etc.); 2). perform predictive maintenance of diesel engine components (System maintenance: fuel flow, lubrication, air intake, and exhaust, cooling, starting system); 3). do preposterous maintenance (inspection: daily, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 6000, 8000 and 12000 hours).
Keywords: Failure, Pumps, Diesel Engines, Piston, Viscosity, Maintenance Management. Keywords: Centrifugal casting, tube reformer HP modified, creep test, Larson Miller parameter, remaining life assessment.
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Deng, Lijun, Yongqi Liu, Zhiming Wang, Shiying Liu, and Jian Zhang. "Optimization of the Location of the Oil Cooling Gallery in the Diesel Engine Piston." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801610010126.
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Wang, Peng, Ruobing Liang, Yuebin Yu, Jili Zhang, Jizu Lv, and Minli Bai. "The flow and heat transfer characteristics of engine oil inside the piston cooling gallery." Applied Thermal Engineering 115 (March 2017): 620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.01.014.
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Ma, Lan, Weijie Lian, Huiming Wu, Lijun Zhang, and Yuxin Zhai. "Purification of Copper-Containing Wastewater in Inner-Cooling Oil Channel of Piston with Magnesium Hydroxide." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2152, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2152/1/012045.
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Abstract The treating fluid in the piston of inner-cooling oil channel is acid wastewater containing copper ion, it would adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem when emission directly. This paper use magnesium hydroxide as a wastewater treatment agent, to study the effect of magnesium hydroxide dose, stirring time, temerature on the results of treating fluid treatment, and get the best treatment conditions. The results indicate that magnesium hydroxide has an excellent performance including easy operation, super removing rate, supernatant can meet emission standards: c(Cu2+)≤2mg/L.
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Sevryugina, N. S., and A. S. Apatenko. "Research of influence of thermal loadings on reliability of gas-diesel engines of transport and technological machines." Power and Autonomous equipment 2, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32464/2618-8716-2019-2-3-121-128.
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Introduction: the factors determining the development trends of the machine-building industry on the example of modernization of the internal combustion engine are considered. The evaluation of the effectiveness of cooperation between manufacturers and the scientific potential of leading scientists in the development of designs of gas-diesel engines. The requirement of time of increase of ecology of internal combustion engines is proved, the reasons braking mass introduction of gas-diesel engines for transport and technological cars are revealed. The parameter of influence on the thermal load of the piston group in gaseous fuel is allocated. The estimation of constructive perfection of development of system of cooling of the piston of the engine is given. The effects of increased temperature on individual parts of the piston in the form of scrapes, chips, causing failure of the internal combustion engine as a whole are shown. The influence of engine oil quality on the engine operation is revealed. It is proposed to Supplement the design of the internal combustion engine with an oil level control device, developed an algorite and a software product for calculating the residual life of the engine oil on key parameters, with the establishment of the term of their replacement.Methods: the study is based on the analysis of the works of leading domestic and foreign scientists in the field of improving the design of power equipment. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the system approach, methods of mathematical analysis, reliability theory, analytical and statistical processing of results.Results and discussion: the theoretical justification for the increased thermal load of piston in a gas-diesel engine, justifies the addition of the construction device control engine oil level and consideration of the resource and replacement intervals for the parameters of the actual physical and chemical condition, using the database presented in the software product.Conclusion: operation of gas-diesel engines requires from the operator more strict control over the temperature regime of the engine, the condition of the engine oil and the efficiency of the engine oil, the proposed solutions will allow to assess the quality of the engine oil in real time and to carry out its replacement according to the actual condition, which will ensure.
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Wang, Peng, Ruobing Liang, Yongli Wang, Yuebin Yu, Jili Zhang, and Mingsheng Liu. "The numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement of copper-oil and diamond-oil nanofluids inside the piston cooling gallery." Powder Technology 320 (October 2017): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.054.
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Na, Sangkyung, Sanghun Song, Seunghyuk Lee, Jehwan Lee, Hyun Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Gyungmin Choi, and Seongyool Ahn. "Evaporator Optimization of Refrigerator Systems Using Quality Analysis." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030555.
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In this study, evaporator optimization, via both experimental and simulation methods was conducted. To evaluate the evaporator performance, under the optimal system, the compressor operating time and the effects of oil on the refrigerator system were studied. If the temperature of the refrigerator chamber reaches the setting value, the compressor stops working and it leads to the temperature of the refrigerator chamber slowly increasing, due to the heat transfer to the ambient. When the refrigerator temperature is out of the setting range, the compressor works again, and the refrigerator repeats this process until the end of its life. These on/off period can be controlled through the compressor piston movement. To determine the optimal compressor operating conditions, experiments of monthly power consumption were conducted under various compressor working times and the lowest power consumption conditions was determined when the compressor worked continuously. Lubricating oil, the refrigerator system, using oil, also influenced the system performance. To evaluate the effect of oil, oil eliminated and oil systems were compared based on cooling capacity and power consumption. The cooling capacity of the oil eliminated system was 2.6% higher and the power consumption was 3.6% lower than that of the oil system. After determining the optimal operating conditions of the refrigerator system, visualization experiments and simulations were conducted to decide the optimal evaporator and the conventional evaporator size can be reduced by approximately 2.9%.
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Saputro, Danel, Gery Setiadi, and Supriyanto Wibowo. "ANALISIS PENGARUH WAKTU TAHAN (HOLDING TIME) TERHADAP KEKERASAN BAJA AISI 4140 DENGAN METODE PACK CARBURIZING MEDIA ARANG BAMBU." JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK MESIN 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/jitm.v7i1.1907.
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Carburizing is a heat treatment process with the addition of carbon content to the metal surface. To obtain the microstructure and the desired properties of the metal can be obtained through the heating and cooling process at a certain temperature. To get a high hardness value after the carburization process of the workpiece, the quenching process is carried out, namely the rapid cooling process, so that the martensitic phase is obtained. AISI 4140 steel is one type of steel that is widely used in engine components such as piston pins. The piston pin is usually made of medium carbon steel AISI 4140. Based on its application this steel was developed with the aim of having mechanical properties especially hardness, strength and resistance to wear. This study tested the hardness of AISI 4140 steel before and after the solid carburizing process using 80% bamboo charcoal as carbon and 20% Barium Carbonate as a catalyst, with a holding time of 60, 90, and 120 minutes using oil quenching media. The results obtained showed an increase in the highest hardness value at the holding time of 120 minutes.
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Li, Donglin, Geqiang Li, Jianhai Han, Yinshui Liu, and Defa Wu. "Thermodynamic characteristics research of a water lubricating axial piston pump." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 19 (April 11, 2020): 3873–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220916538.
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A water lubricating axial piston pump (WLAP) is one of the key components in water hydraulic systems. However, the characteristics of water, including low viscosity, strong corrosiveness, and easy vaporization, results in the increase of friction and wear of pairs, and the increase of temperature. Compared with oil pumps, the thermodynamic characteristic of WLAP is more serious. In this paper, the integrated thermodynamic model of WLAP, which includes heat generation of pairs and heat conduction of water and air, is established to improve pump design. The calculation results show that the water temperature of WLAP exceeded 90 ℃, and the pump could not work normally in extreme conditions (the inlet water temperature and ambient temperature are both 50 ℃). Consequently, a cooling design of WLAP, which circulates the inlet water in the pump chamber, is carried out. Then, the thermodynamic model was modified. Based on this model, the temperature rise characteristics and heat dissipation characteristics of the WLAP are analyzed. The steady-state water temperature of pump shell under extreme conditions is obtained. The temperature sensors and a thermal imaging were used to measure the temperatures of the WLAP. The results indicate that the water temperature of WLAP decreases significantly. The difference of the steady-state temperature of WLAP between simulation and experiment is less than 4 ℃, and its temperature distribution is uniform. Therefore, the cooling design of WLAP is effective and it can work normally under the maximum speed and pressure in extreme conditions.
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Hamza, Muhammad, Bing-Ang Mei, and Zhengxing Zuo. "Effect of surface roughness on the oil distribution and the heat transfer coefficient for piston cooling gallery." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 33 (May 2022): 101960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2022.101960.
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Deng, Xiwen, Jilin Lei, Jun Wen, Zhigao Wen, and Lizhong Shen. "Numerical investigation on the oscillating flow and uneven heat transfer processes of the cooling oil inside a piston gallery." Applied Thermal Engineering 126 (November 2017): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.07.146.
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Gimazetdinov, R. R., A. A. Malozemov, and V. S. Kukis. "Gimazetdinov R.R., Malozemov A.A., Kukis V.S. Diesel-generator plant with the recovery of waste heat of the piston engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 85, no. 2 (April 15, 2018): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66358.
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The subject of the investigation was the waste heat recovery system of a small-scale heat electropower station that can be used as stationary and primary, reserve or additional source of electrical and thermal energy. The object of the investigation was the waste heat recovery system of the diesel engine D 180 and the small-scale heat electropower station on the basis of the diesel generator plant DGU-100C produced by JSC «ChTZ». The aim of the investigation was an experimental estimation of the efficient use of the diesel engine’s waste heat recovery system. The recovery system was consisted of an original heat exchanger for the recovery of the waste heat of the diesel engine’s cooling system, the waste heat of the lubricating system, the centers of which is made in a common housing, and the heat exchanger for the recovery of the exhaust gases waste heat from the diesel engine (pre-heater boiler PZD-600). The article presents the small-scale heat electropower station’s arrangement with the waste heat recovery system, the original heat exchanger arrangement and a scheme of the small-scale heat electropower station with the waste heat recovery system. The principle of operation of the proposed system is described. In comparison with the known constructions, in the proposed cogeneration power plant there is no need to separately regulate the temperature of the cooling liquid and the lubricating oil at the inlet to the piston internal combustion engine and the necessity to use an additional liquid-oil heat exchanger or oil cooler in the operation of the cogeneration plant without thermal load. Collectively, it was ensured a reduction of the complexity, material consumption and overall dimensions of the recovery system and the cogeneration power plant in general. The absolute economic effect from the using of the waste heat recovery system is 240…300 thousand rubles for the engine life, specific - 22…28 rubles/h. The payback period of the waste heat recovery system is less than a year. The obtained results convincingly indicate the economic feasibility of implementing the proposed system of waste heat recovery of the diesel engine D 180 of a small-scale heat electropower station based on the DGU-100S.
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Sridhar Yesaswi, Ch, K. Ajay Krishna, A. Pavan Gopal Varma, K. Girish, and K. Jagadeesh Varma. "Characterization of AL2O3 Nano Particles in Engine Oil for Enhancing the Heat transfer rate." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.15575.
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Selection of suitable engine oils becoming more challenging for automobile engineers. Life of the engine majorly depends upon engine oil, type of fuel being used and various other thermal and structural characteristics of the engine. Dissipation of heat is one of the major consideration in the design of automobile engines. Generally engine oils are used for the lubrication between piston and cylinder but to enhance the cooling effectiveness Nano-particles are added in the lubricant, so that internal heat generation in the engines can be minimized. Nano-fluids are playing a vital role in heat transfer applications because of its enhanced thermal conductivity nature and generally these fluids are colloidal mixture of Nano particles and base fluids. Intense research studies over Nano fluids are very high because of their sublime behavior.Recently. Advanced research over Nano technology has gone to a situation where two or more Nano particles are made to mix in a base fluids and generally we call this as hybrid Nano fluids. In this work, preparation of Al2O3 nanoparticles and mixing them with 10W30 engine oil were carried out. By various techniques thermal characteristics of fluid are identified with different parameters.
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Xiaohan, Jia, Zhang Qingqing, Feng Jianmei, and Peng Xueyuan. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Temperature Distribution of Self-Lubricating Packing Rings in Reciprocating Compressors." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4029806.
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The nonuniform abrasion failure and high-temperature thermal failure of packing rings have a significant influence on compressor reliability, particularly that of oil-free compressors. In this study, a test rig was constructed to measure the dynamic temperature of packing rings under different operational conditions in an oil-free reciprocating compressor. The dynamic axial and radial temperature distributions of the packing rings were obtained using an innovative internal temperature testing device that kept the thermocouples and packing box relatively static during compressor operation. A three-dimensional heat transfer model was also developed to analyze the temperature distribution of the packing boxes, piston rod, and cylinder during such operation. Good agreement was observed between the simulation results and experimental data, which showed an average relative error of less than 2.35%. The results indicate that the pressure ratio exerts a significant effect on the axial temperature distribution and determines which packing ring reaches the maximum temperature. They also show the average temperature to rise with an increase in the rotational speed and to fall with an improvement in the external cooling conditions. Finally, the material of the packing rings was found to affect the temperature gradient from their inner to outer surface.
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Lestari, Surya, Syahrial Syahrial, and Bambang Suwarno. "LANGUAGE SKILLS, SUB-SKILLS AND VOCABULARIES NEEDED BY AUTOMOTIVE DEPARTMENT STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL: A NEED ANALYSIS STUDY." JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics & Literature) 2, no. 2 (December 10, 2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/joall.v2i2.5955.
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This study aimed to analyze specific English language skills and kind of technical vocabulary that are needed by the third year automotive students of SMKN 2 Kota Bengkulu. The sample for interview comprised of 12 alumni, they were teachers and various company officers who have a MOU with SMKN 2 Kota Bengkulu. In the interview was used saturation sample. The results of interview with alumni indicate that the English skill most needed in the workplace is reading, the second was speaking, the third was writing and the last place was listening. The automotive students/ alumni need to comprehend the technical terms associated with technical terms in English. Related to car, are kick lever, oil pump, water cooling system, trail and rolling roof. Related to heavy machine are rear body offset, over hung, road clearance, light van and rear engine. Related to motorcycle are swing arm, bottom link fork, drum brake and kick starter. General automotive vocabulary are disc brake, gasoline, head lamp, piston and tire. Mastery of technical terms greatly affect the practice of industrial work (prakerin) of students in the work place.
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BRATSLAVETS, B. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE QUALITY CONTROL OF HARDENED CYLINDER SLEEVE OF AUTOTRAKTOR EQUIPMENT." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 295, no. 2 (May 2021): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-295-2-275-277.
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The main part of tractor engines is the cylinder liner, which depends on the life of the machine as a whole. It is made of gray cast iron (SCh20 DSTU 1412-85) with the addition of alloying elements and subjected to the working surface of HDTV hardening. Now quality control is carried out by destructive methods (assessment of hardness, durability, structure) on specially cut templates on 1 piece. from a party to 80-100 pieces of each melting. Such control does not ensure the reliability of products, both in the quality of the base metal and heat treatment. The solution to this problem is possible by developing non-destructive quality control of each product in different periods of the process process with assessment of the properties and stress level of both the base metal (corresponding to the outer surface) and the hardened layer (inner working surface). The intensity of cylinder wear depends on the conditions of friction of the cylinder-piston ring, which are affected by the design features of the engine (power, speed, compression ratio, cooling system, as well as fuel supply and combustion, air and oil purification system), quality of fuel and oil, operating conditions and wear resistance of the cylinder material. Wear of cylinders during friction paired with a piston ring during engine operation occurs as a result of a combination of many processes occurring simultaneously: destruction of microprojections of surfaces that are destroyed by repeated plastic deformation during engagement, as well as the destruction of tired origin; setting of the material of the microprojections with subsequent deep tearing of the metal particles during the destruction of the setting unit; accumulation of abrasive particles that contribute to the intensification of wear; abrasive action of dust particles, contribution products, solid inclusions on the surface of collapsing bodies; chemical corrosion under the influence of high temperatures of gaseous products of fuel combustion; electro-chemical corrosion from the action of acids formed during the dissolution of gaseous products in condensed water vapor on the walls of the cylinders.
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Inayatullah, Othman, Wang Siow Chin, Nordin Jamaludin, Shahrum Abdullah, and Azli Ariffin. "Monitoring the Petrol Engine Oil Viscosity: Investigation of the Capability of the Metal Magnetic Memory Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.453.
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An engine lubrication system is one of the main factors which influence engine life span, and it can be easily determined based on the viscosity of the engine oil. The current and common technology for monitoring and the determination of the engine oil viscosity using the oil analysis method is found to be uneconomical and ineffective. On the same vein, this paper presents an investigation of the capability of the Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) technology in the processes of monitoring and detecting the variation of petrol engine lubricant viscosity via in-situ operation. A few investigations were conducted on a Robin Engine 126 cc EX 13D single cylinder of four strokes with water cooling. One multi-grade engine lubricant oil condition has been put to the test; namely, SAE 15W-40. During the investigation of the petrol engine oil viscosity, the magnetic field signal is captured when the engine oil in-service age is 0 km (fresh oil), 250 km, 500 km, 750 km and 1,000 km, with the crankshaft rotational speed of 2500 rpm at three different locations such as at the Bottom Dead Centre (BDC), oil sump A (engine oil inlet), and oil sump B. The lubrication condition in the petrol engine is successfully monitored based on the magnetic field signatures generated by the interaction between the piston surface and the layer of the lubricant during the time when the engine was in operation. The generated MMM signatures were captured using a type 2 scanning device with two ferroprobe sensors and a length measuring sensor and recorded by the TSC-3M-12 type device. The waveform signatures captured were displayed as length domain signal and then were analysed using the MATLAB software to determine the magnetic field energy (EH). In addition, the real viscosity value at room temperature was determined using the Haake Viscotester 6 L, each time after the magnetic field signal was captured. The results of these studies have shown that the magnetic field energy (EH) is inversely proportional to engine oil viscosity. Finally, the MMM technology can be utilised in promoting economic development and effective planning of the maintenance schedule of the petrol engine oil.
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Șugar, Ioan Radu, and Mihai Banica. "Experimental Study Regarding the Computation of the Effective Power of a Spark-Ignition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.704.
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Besides the actual average pressure, the actual specific fuel consumption and the actual performance, the actual torque is one of the characteristic indicators considered when designing a spark-ignition engine. In order to determine the effective power, special and quite expensive benches are required. This paper intends to determine certain computational relations for the determination of the actual torque both for a standard engine and for a ceramic-coated engine. In order to obtain the experimental results, we used the spark-ignition engine 810-99, and the actual torque was determined on a specialized bench. All measurements were performed at 28°C air temperature, and 740mmHg atmospheric pressure, the temperature of the cooling liquid being 82÷91°C and the oil temperature 92÷116°C. For the engine with ceramic crown’s piston, was maintained the same compression ratio, and the atmospheric pressure and temperature conditions were close to those of the standard engine. Both for the standard engine and for the ceramic engine all measurements were performed under full load. After computer processing the experimental data, empirical formulas were determined for the computation of the effective power both for the ceramic engine and for the standard engine.
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KIM, YOUNG MIN, DONG GIL SHIN, SANG TAE LEE, and DANIEL FAVRAT. "THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A CLOSED BRAYTON/ERICSSON CYCLE ENGINE WITH SCROLL MACHINES." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 18, no. 04 (December 2010): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132510000277.
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Stirling and Ericsson engines have great potential for many applications, including micro-cogeneration, solar power, and biomass. However, ideal cycles of both types of engines are difficult to achieve in practice because neither isothermal compression nor isothermal expansion is practical with reciprocating piston engines or with turbomachinery. On the other hand, scroll compressor and expander can be very suitable for effective cooling and heating because of the high area-to-volume ratio of scroll geometry or the application of two-phase flow. To achieve quasi-isothermal compression, either a large amount of liquid is injected into the inlet of the compressor or the compressor is externally cooled by liquid. Similarly, for quasi-isothermal expansion, either hot liquid, such as thermal oil, is injected into the inlet of the expander or the expander is externally heated by a heat source. In this current study, we have undertaken a theoretical investigation of thermodynamic analyses of several kinds of scroll-type engines, in particular with regard to associated compression and expansion processes, adiabatic or quasi-isothermal processes, and the highest cycle temperature. We selected power density, or thermal efficiency, as an objective function, and then deduced optimal design parameters for the scroll-type engine.
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Hrabovenko, O., S. Dotsenko, V. Nesterenko, and I. Shvets. "USE OF VEGETABLE OIL AS A FUEL IN A MEDIUM SPEED DIESEL ENGINE." Internal Combustion Engines, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.11.
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While being highly fuel-efficient, diesel engines are defined by relatively high emissions, which have a negative impact on people and the environment. In the future, most European countries plan to abandon the use of diesel engines after 2030. One way to use this type of engines is to convert them to alternative fuels from renewable energy sources, such as vegetable oils (rapeseed, sunflower and soya bean oils). A significant advantage of vegetable oils is that when they hit the ground, they break down in a couple of weeks. Sulfur oxides are virtually absent due to the small amount of sulfur in vegetable oils in the engine exhaust gases. Other environmental factors include reduced emissions of nitrogen oxides NOx, carbon monoxide CO, unburned hydrocarbons and carbon black C. However, it should be noted that the use of vegetable-based fuel involves problems related to fuel preparation, consideration of physical and chemical properties and proper engine operation and use of arable land for the cultivation of vegetable oils. The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the effective performance of soybean oil, six cylinder, four-stroke supercharged diesel engine (26 – the diameter of the cylinder, cm; 34 – the piston stroke, cm) produced by "Pervomaiskdieselmash", which is a part of the stationary diesel generator (DGA-900) with the capacity of 900 kW. This diesel engine is with an undivided combustion chamber ("Geselman" type), gas turbine supercharging and intermediate charge air cooling. Soybean oil is more viscous and has better lubrication properties of conjugated vapors and engine components, as a result, the lifespan of the engine and high-pressure fuel pump increases by an average of 60%. However, more viscous soybean oil impairs fuel mixing, spraying and combustion. Starting qualities of the engine also deteriorate. On the other hand, as the temperature rises, the viscosity of soybean oil decreases sharply. The reasons which led to the emergence of the above-mentioned problems have been analysed. In addition, the features and advantages of the cogeneration power plant have been described, which makes it possible to obtain two forms of useful energy at the output such as thermal and electric. The use of cogeneration significantly increases the overall efficiency of the plant; it provides significant opportunities for efficient heat utilization and achieving maximum economic effect.
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Indudhar, Mathad R., Nagaraj R. Banapurmath, K. Govinda Rajulu, Arun Y. Patil, Syed Javed, and T. M. Yunus Khan. "Optimization of Piston Grooves, Bridges on Cylinder Head, and Inlet Valve Masking of Home-Fueled Diesel Engine by Response Surface Methodology." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 11411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011411.
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Naturally replenished biodiesel fuels are more precise in place of diesel engine applications as they have complying thermal properties, which are extensively used by various researchers. However, there is necessity to optimize their utility to meet stringent emission norms as per Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) and Euro 6. From the exhaustive survey on the studies, number of piston grooves (NG), number of grooves-n-bridges on cylinder head (Gr-Br), and inlet valve masking (IVM) using the response surface methodologies (RSM) technique have not been reported on the competence, emissions, and combustion attributes of diesel engines running on Honge oil methyl ester (HOME), hence this is an identified gap in literature. The present simulation work is for optimizing the performance and lessoning exhaust emitted from the diesel prime mover tested on non-conventional and petro fuels. Experimentation was carried out to inquest the competence, combustion, and emittance of a vertical cylinder, overhead valve, water cooling, open or induction swirl diesel engine running on HOME as the injecting fuel. The object of the present effort is to optimize competence of diesel engines via a statistics inquest called designs of experiments (DoE). To curtail the diverse variations to be experimented on, full factorial designs (FFDs) array was employed. The response surface methodologies (RSM)-based nonlinear or quadratic predictors establish the relation between the input parameters and proposed attributes. The RSM-based mathematical predictors are established to prognosticate the distinguished engine output attributes at 95% confidence interval. The response surface assay discovered that a combination of 2B 3G, ‘IVM’ of 90°, and ‘NG’ of six grooves yields highest brake thermal efficiency (BTE), lessoning smoke, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC), but nitrogenous oxides (NOx) emissions increased slightly. Additionally, combustion attributes, such as Ignition delay (ID) and combustion duration (CD), were lessoned, but peak pressure (PP) and heat release rate (HRR) had a higher contrast to performance of HOME biodiesel in a conventional CI engine.
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Sagin, Sergii, Volodymyr Madey, and Tymur Stoliaryk. "Analysis of mechanical energy losses in marine diesels." Technology audit and production reserves 5, no. 2(61) (September 23, 2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.239698.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The object of research is marine diesel engine oils, which provide lubrication, cooling and separation of friction surfaces. The subject of the research is the process of ensuring minimum mechanical losses in marine diesel engines. A problematic point in ensuring the lubrication of the cylinder-piston group and motion bearings is the lack of analytical and experimental studies that establish the relationship between the structural characteristics of engine oils and mechanical losses arising in marine internal combustion engines. The degree of orientational ordering of molecules and the thickness of the boundary lubricating layer are considered as the structural characteristics of engine oils. The determination of these values was carried out using the optical method based on the anisotropy of the light absorption coefficient by the boundary lubricant layer and the isotropic volume of the liquid (engine oil). The assessment of the level of mechanical losses arising in marine diesel engines was carried out according to an indirect indicator – the overshoot of the rotational speed and the time to reach the steady state of operation in the event of a change in load. It has been experimentally established that for engine oils used in marine internal combustion engines, the thickness of the boundary layer can be 15–17.5 µm. Motor oils, which are characterized by a higher ordering of molecules and a thickness of the boundary lubricant layer, ensure the flow of transient dynamic processes with less overshoot and a shorter transient time. This ensures the level of minimal mechanical losses occurring in marine diesel engines. The technology for determining the structural characteristics of engine oils can be used for any type and grade of oil (mineral or synthetic; high or low viscosity; used in both circulating and cylinder lubrication systems). The method of indirect assessment of mechanical losses of marine diesel engines can be used for any types of internal combustion engines of ships of sea and river transport (low-, medium- and high-speed; as well as performing the functions of both main and auxiliary engines).
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Lakshminarayanan, P. A., and A. D. Dani. "Heat Transfer from a Diesel Engine and Estimation of Lubricating Oil Temperature." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 208, no. 3 (May 1994): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_117_02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes the application of an analytical model based on established heat-transfer correlations to the prediction of lubricating oil temperatures in a diesel engine. Predictions are compared with experimental results from a number of stationary engines run at various speeds and loads and quite good agreement is shown. The model takes account of heat transferred from the combustion gases to the oil directly and indirectly, and of friction heat generated at bearings, piston rings and cylinder liner. The oil is partly cooled in the oil cooler. In small engines a substantial portion of this heat is convected from the engine surfaces, while in large engines not a negligible portion is convected. Equilibrium between the heat to oil and heat from oil to coolant and the ambient air determines the steady state oil temperature.
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Zhukov, Vladimir, and Olesya Melnik. "Influence of operational factors on the properties of working fluids of piston engines." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124404005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper is devoted to the study of the regularities of changes in the quality of working fluids circulating through the systems of internal combustion piston engines. During the research, the parameters of fluids that characterize its operational properties, as well as external effects that can lead to changes in the properties of the fluid, were determined. It is shown that the deterioration of the quality of engine oil and coolant of piston engines during operation is caused by the destruction of additives that are part of the fluid and provide their required properties. A laboratory installation has been developed and created that allows simulating thermal and mechanical effects on working fluids similar to those acting during circulation through engine systems. The graphical dependencies obtained as a result of the experiment are presented. Mathematical processing of the experimental data allowed obtaining regression dependencies that correctly describe the processes of changes in time of the most important characteristics of working fluids under the action of cyclic thermal and mechanical effects. The described method can be used to study the influence of operational factors on the properties of various working fluids of internal combustion piston engines.
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PACAS, LUKAS. "METHODOLOGY FOR THE UTILIZATION OF WASTE HEAT BY AIR-COOLED COMPRESSORS." MM Science Journal 2021, no. 4 (October 13, 2021): 4918–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2021_10_2021093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Compressed air is still a valid helper in many applications today, where it is necessary, for example, to move work equipment, pistons or it is used for cooling as a cooling medium. The producer of compressed air are air compressors, which need an external source for its production, usually an electric or internal combustion engine. Almost all the energy that is supplied to the compressor is always converted to heat during compression, regardless of the type of compressor. This carries the risk of overheating and therefore the cooling system must be optimally designed. Thus, during the compression of the air, a large part of the electrical energy supplied to the compressor is converted into heat, and only a small part of the supplied energy is in the compressed air. In the case of oil or water-cooled compressors, the exchangers can be used directly to obtain energy "for free". In the case of air cooling, a slight energy gain can only be achieved by modifying the exhaust hot air ducts. This energy can be used efficiently to heat water or heat buildings, instead of being uselessly ventilated. Modern compressors are already adapted for the use of waste heat, but most current companies still use older types of compressors that have not been directly adapted for the use of waste heat. In case of interest in obtaining waste heat, the reconstruction of the facility or development is inevitable.
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PACAS, LUKAS. "METHODOLOGY FOR THE UTILIZATION OF WASTE HEAT BY AIR-COOLED COMPRESSORS." MM Science Journal 2021, no. 4 (October 13, 2021): 4918–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2021_10_2021093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Compressed air is still a valid helper in many applications today, where it is necessary, for example, to move work equipment, pistons or it is used for cooling as a cooling medium. The producer of compressed air are air compressors, which need an external source for its production, usually an electric or internal combustion engine. Almost all the energy that is supplied to the compressor is always converted to heat during compression, regardless of the type of compressor. This carries the risk of overheating and therefore the cooling system must be optimally designed. Thus, during the compression of the air, a large part of the electrical energy supplied to the compressor is converted into heat, and only a small part of the supplied energy is in the compressed air. In the case of oil or water-cooled compressors, the exchangers can be used directly to obtain energy "for free". In the case of air cooling, a slight energy gain can only be achieved by modifying the exhaust hot air ducts. This energy can be used efficiently to heat water or heat buildings, instead of being uselessly ventilated. Modern compressors are already adapted for the use of waste heat, but most current companies still use older types of compressors that have not been directly adapted for the use of waste heat. In case of interest in obtaining waste heat, the reconstruction of the facility or development is inevitable.
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Janardhan, N., M. V. S. Murali Krishna, P. Ushasri, and P. V. K. Murthy. "Performance Evaluation of a Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine with Jatropha Oil." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 11 (October 2013): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.11.27.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine consisting of air gap insulated piston with 3-mm air gap, with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown, air gap insulated liner with superni insert and ceramic coated cylinder head with different operating conditions of crude jatropha oil (CJO) with varied injection timing and injector opening pressure . Performance parameters [brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, coolant load and volumetric efficienc and exhaust emissions [smoke and oxides of nitroge were determined at various values of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). Combustion characteristics [ peak pressure, time of occurrence of peak pressure and maximum rate of pressure ris of the engine were at peak load operation of the engine. Conventional engine (CE) showed deteriorated performance, while LHR engine showed improved performance with vegetable operation at recommended injection timing and pressure. The performance of both versions of the engine improved with advanced injection timing and higher injector opening pressure when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. Relatively, peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 14%, smoke levels decreased by 27% and NOx levels increased by 49% with vegetable oil operation on LHR engine at its optimum injection timing, when compared with pure diesel operation on CE at manufacturers recommended injection timing.