Дисертації з теми "Pilotage des données"
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Hadji, Brahim. "Utilisation et réutilisation des données d'un système d'information clinique : application aux données de pilotage à l'hôpital européen Georges Pompidou." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066039/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe information and communication technologies (ICT) have been developed in all economic sectors. In the healthcare field, and particularly in hospitals with the introduction of clinical information systems (CIS), investments have dramatically increased. The rationale for these investments is the improvement of both the hospital efficiency and the quality of the care delivered to patients after the deployment of a fully integrated CIS. In the aim to validate these relationships adapted methodologies, need to be designed and implemented. This thesis concentrates on the CIS maturity and hospital efficiency relationship. Material for testing the hypothesis come from several CIS evaluations performed at HEGP and data extracted from the decision analytics tools of Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP). After a study of the literature on the use and satisfaction evaluation of a CIS, the first part of the thesis is organized around two main studies. A 14 years longitudinal study achieved between 2004 and 2014 analyzes the evolution of use and satisfaction and their determinants within a multi professional group of users using multiple regression techniques and structural equation methods. In early post-adoption (4 years), the CIS use, the CIS quality, and the CIS perceived usefulness (PU) explain 53% of the variance in user satisfaction. In the very late post-adoption phase (> 10 years), the effect of use on user satisfaction is no more significant. In contrast, the CIS quality, the confirmation of expectations, and the PU are the best determinants of satisfaction explaining 86% of its variance. In a second study focused on continuance intention, satisfaction and PU appear to be the best determinants of continuance intention, with a strong indirect influence of the CIS quality. A unified model is proposed and compared to the main models of the literature. The measurement of hospital efficiency was achieved with an econometric approach. Selection of indicators entered in the econometric model was performed on the basis of a systematic literature review. Three categories of input indicators and three categories of output indicators are considered. The relationship between the input and output indicators are analyzed through a Stochastic Frontier Analysis model. An overall decrease of the efficiency of the 20 short-stay hospitals of the AP-HP for the 2009-2014 period is observed and its possible causes are discussed. The development and validation of CIS use-satisfaction evaluation model combined with the analysis of the hospital efficiency evolution over time could be the first phase of a more global evaluation of the complex influence of IT introduction on hospital efficiency and the quality of care delivered to patients
Benali, Khalid. "Assistance et pilotage dans le développement de logiciel : Vers un modèle de description." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10382.
Повний текст джерелаFan, Linghua. "Un système réparti de gestion de données (DIMS) pour améliorer le pilotage du processus d'innovation." Valenciennes, 2003. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/9859f3a6-4492-4996-8fb0-8ebfe09827e0.
Повний текст джерелаData integration has gained new importance since the widespread success of the WWW. The goal of data integration is to provide an uniform interface to a multitude of distributed, autonomics and heterogeneous information sources available online. We design novel techniques and tools to simplify the exploitation of heterogeneous web data sources. Distributed Information Management System (DIMS) is an XML-based data integration system for accessing these web sources. It utilizes some efficiencies tools to wrapper heterogeneous web sources into standard XML data and generates different wrappers. Our approach is based on mediator - wrapper architectures. In these architectures, mediators accept queries from users, and then process them with respect to wrappers and return answers. Our system uses UML to design our software, and provide a prototype can be using independence platform implementing on Java language. The prototype of DIMS and a case study are used to validate our approach
Dufour, Luc. "Contribution à la mise au point d'un pilotage énergétique décentralisé par prédiction." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EMAC0004/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work presents a data-intensive solution to manage energy flux after a low transformer voltage named microgrid concept. A microgrid is an aggregation of building with a decentralized energy production and or not a storage system. These microgrid can be aggregate to create an intelligent virtual power plant. However, many problems must be resolved to increase the part of these microgrid and the renewable resource in a energy mix. The physic model can not integrate and resolve in a short time the quickly variations. The intelligent district can be integrate a part of flexibility in their production with a storage system. This storage can be electrical with a battery or thermal with the heating and the hot water. For a virtual power plant, the system can be autonomous when the price electricity prediction is low and increase the production provided on the market when the price electricity is high. For a energy supplier and with a decentralized production building distant of a low transformer voltage, a regulation with a storage capacity enable a tension regulation. Finally, the auto-consumption becomes more and more interesting combined with a low electrical storage price and the result of the COP 21 in Paris engage the different country towards the energy transition. In these cases, a flexibility is crucial at the building level but this flexibility is possible if, and only if, the locally prediction are correct to manage the energy. The main novelties of our approach is to provide an easy implemented and flexible solution to predict the consumption and the production at the building level based on the machine learning technique and tested on the real use cases in a residential and tertiary sector. A new evaluation of the consumption is realized: the point of view is energy and not only electrical. The energy consumption is decomposed between the heating consumption, the hot water consumption and the electrical devices consumption. A prediction every hour is provided for the heating and the hot water consumption to estimate the thermal storage capacity. A characterization of Electrical devices consumption is realized by a non-intrusive disaggregation from the global load curve. The heating and the hot water are identify to provide a non intrusive methodology of prediction. Every day, the heating, the hot water, the household appliances, the cooling and the stand by are identified. Every 15 minutes, our software provide a hot water prediction, a heating prediction, a decentralized prediction and a characterization of the electrical consumption. A comparison with the different physic model simulated enable an error evaluation the error of our different implemented model
Repusseau, Philippe. "Système expert d'assistance à la navigation des hélicoptères à partir de données géographiques numériques." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD151.
Повний текст джерелаDuring mission, pilots of helicopter share their activities between 80 % for navigation and 20 % for tactics. The present work has been concerned with searching and evaluating means to reverse those ratios. First, I identified coherent tools for helping in strategies development, mission preparation and mission control in real time. Thanks to a pilot's expertise, I propose a modelization of aircraft attitudes related to the ground. Tactical inference stems from the fusion of two factors : security, when the aircraft is directly threatened and safety when it can be seen or recognized. Possible land representations and services they can offer have been identified and classified according to the needs. A particular study has been conducted for a runtime machine. Studying state of the art in architectures, processing and market survey, it appeared that executing artificial intelligence languages at runtime is not efficient. A realistic approach is to take on this problem at the expert system shell level and produce, both, compatible code for dedicated lA workstations with rich environment and for runtime machines faster but with a less powerful environment than the previous one. The “Assistant Tactique” prototype uses the capabilities of the expert system shell named SPOCK to produce different codes : COMMON Lisp and Le lisp for development, C for testing on RISC processors. Object oriented techniques avoid problem of target code translations and speeds up prototyping
Misiti, Yves. "Détermination, guidée par les connaissances, d'une loi de pilotage pour un lanceur spatial : analyse de ces connaissances et construction d'un système expert." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112353.
Повний текст джерелаDa, Cunha Catherine. "Mise en oeuvre de la personnalisation de masse : Contribution au développement d'une méthodologie outillée." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nantes, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994825.
Повний текст джерелаSitruk, Yohann. "Pilotage de la performance des projets de science citoyenne dans un contexte de transformation du rapport aux données scientifiques : systématisation et perte de production." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM035/document.
Повний текст джерелаA growing number of contemporary scientific organizations collaborate with crowds for diverse tasks of the scientific process. These collaborations are often designed as citizen science projects. The collaboration is an opportunity for scientific structures in a context of massive data deluge which lead organizations to face limits in terms of resources and capabilities. However, in such new forms of cooperation a major crisis is caused when tasks delegated to the crowd require a certain inventiveness - solving problems, formulating scientific hypotheses - and when these projects have to be repeated in the organization. From two experimental studies based on an original modeling, this thesis studies the management mechanisms needed to ensure the performance of projects delegated to the crowd. We show that the performance is linked to the management of two types of capitalization: a cross-capitalization (each participant can reuse the work of the other participants); a sequential capitalization (capitalization by the participants then by the organizers). In addition, this research highlights the figure of a new managerial figure to support the capitalization, the "manager of inventive crowds", essential for the success of the projects
Coment, Elian. "Contribution à la mise au point de techniques de mesures de propriétés thermophysiques par sondes à chocs : modélisation, traitement et pilotage électronique des données." Paris, ENSAM, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENAM0019.
Повний текст джерелаAli, Ahmad. "L' approche multi-agents pour le pilotage des systèmes complexes appliquée aux systèmes du trafic urbain." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00725327.
Повний текст джерелаVissière, David. "Solution de guidage-navigation-pilotage pour véhicules autonomes hétérogènes en vue d'une mission collaborative." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004492.
Повний текст джерелаEsnard, Aurélien. "Analyse, conception et réalisation d'un environnement pour le pilotage et la visualisation en ligne de simulations numériques parallèles." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00080729.
Повний текст джерелаL'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et de développer une plate-forme logicielle, appelée EPSN (Environnement pour le Pilotage des Simulations Numériques), permettant de piloter une application numérique parallèle en s'appuyant sur des outils de visualisation eux-mêmes parallèles. En d'autres termes, il s'agit de mettre au service des scientifiques les capacités de la visualisation parallèle et plus largement de la réalité virtuelle (environnement immersif, murs d'images), une étape aujourd'hui cruciale pour la conception et l'exploitation de simulations numériques complexes en vraie grandeur. La mise en oeuvre d'un couplage efficace entre simulation et visualisation soulève deux problèmes majeurs, que nous étudions
dans cette thèse et pour lesquels nous souhaitons apporter une contribution : le problème de la coordination efficace des opérations de pilotages en parallèle et le problème de la redistribution pour des données complexes (grilles structurées, ensembles de particules, maillages non structurés).
Kechaou, Fatma. "Construction d’un système d’aide à la décision statistico-cognitive pour le pilotage des processus d’entreprise." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST055.
Повний текст джерелаTo maintain their competitiveness, companies must be able to produce products that meet customer expectations while controlling their production tools as well as possible. The diagnosis and prognosis of potential failures in the production system in terms of performance are powerful methods for improving industrial performance. Having a model for implementing these methods is a real challenge. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the performance-based control of production systems. The Bayesian network, one of the most robust techniques of the "Probabilistic Graphs" family, combined with the fundamental concept of causality have been used to produce models allowing diagnostic and prognostic studies. A methodology based on the use of human expertise and historical data was defined and applied to the case of a perfume packaging line. Techniques were proposed in order to reduce as much as possible the natural biases resulting from the elicitation of human expertise. This thesis is part of the French project EUGENE, FUI23. The objective of the thesis is to set up a reactive solution for control while ensuring a better compromise between equipment availability, operating costs, quality and competitiveness of the product. We explore human expertise, as well as causality independence reasoning centered on a Bayesian probabilistic formalism in order to develop a methodology to build a model for estimating the state of health of the productive system. The results present a synthetic vision tool for decision support to the industrialist
David, Gilles. "Modélisation dynamique des modèles physiques et numériques pour la simulation en électromagnétisme. Application dans un environnement de simulation intégrée : salome." Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0134.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to develop software tools facilitating the modelisation of physical phenomena and of their possible couplings. Starting from the example of the resolution of a multiphysic problem (the magneto-thermal coupling in a superconductor rubber), we tackle the question of the modelling steps. More precisely we emphasize the systematic need for the description of the physical properties of the problem. In order to satisfy this need, we propose to use a generic formalism which allows to describe the physical properties of any numerical problem. For that, this formalism allows the description of the structure of the physical properties, in other words their data model. The formalism hence behaves like a model's model : it is a metamodel. Then we present the structure of the metamodel and of the tools and services which were developed along and are used for the management of the data models and of the physical properties. The metamodel was realised in the form of an object-oriented data-processing language : the SPML. This choice is justified and the main characteristics of the SPML language are detailed. Finally we present how we integrated the metamodel into the platform for numerical simulations SALOME and how it was successfully used for the resolution of a simple magnetostatic problem and of a fluid-structure interaction problem
Condomines, Jean-Philippe. "Développement d’un estimateur d’état non linéaire embarqué pour le pilotage-guidage robuste d’un micro-drone en milieu complexe." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESAE0002.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the study of an algorithmic solution for state estimation problem of unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs. The necessary resort to multiple miniaturized low-cost and low-performance sensors integrated into mini-RPAS, which are obviously subjected to hardspace requirements or electrical power consumption constraints, has led to an important interest to design nonlinear observers for data fusion, unmeasured systems state estimation and/or flight path reconstruction. Exploiting the capabilities of nonlinear observers allows, by generating consolidated signals, to extend the way mini-RPAS can be controlled while enhancing their intrinsic flight handling qualities.That is why numerous recent research works related to RPAS certification and integration into civil airspace deal with the interest of highly robust estimation algorithm. Therefore, the development of reliable and performant aided-INS for many nonlinear dynamic systems is an important research topic and a major concern in the aerospace engineering community. First, we have proposed a novel approach for nonlinear state estimation, named pi-IUKF (Invariant Unscented Kalman Filter), which is based on both invariant filter estimation and UKF theoretical principles. Several research works on nonlinear invariant observers have been led and provide a geometrical-based constructive method for designing filters dedicated to nonlinear state estimation problems while preserving the physical properties and systems symmetries. The general invariant observer guarantees a straightforward form of the nonlinear estimation error dynamics whose properties are remarkable. The developed pi-IUKF estimator suggests a systematic approach to determine all the symmetry-preserving correction terms, associated with a nonlinear state-space representation used for prediction, without requiring any linearization of the differential equations. The exploitation of the UKF principles within the invariant framework has required the definition of a compatibility condition on the observation equations. As a first result, the estimated covariance matrices of the pi-IUKF converge to constant values due to the symmetry-preserving property provided by the nonlinear invariant estimation theory. The designed pi-IUKF method has been successfully applied to some relevant practical problems such as the estimation of Attitude and Heading for aerial vehicles using low-cost AH reference systems (i.e., inertial/magnetic sensors characterized by low performances). In a second part, the developed methodology is used in the case of a mini-RPAS equipped with an aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) which leads to augment the nonlinear state space representation with both velocity and position differential equations. All the measurements are provided on board by a set of low-cost and low-performance sensors (accelerometers, gyrometers, magnetometers, barometer and even Global Positioning System (GPS)). Our designed pi-IUKF estimation algorithm is described and its performances are evaluated by exploiting successfully real flight test data. Indeed, the whole approach has been implemented onboard using a data logger based on the well-known Paparazzi system. The results show promising perspectives and demonstrate that nonlinear state estimation converges on a much bigger set of trajectories than for more traditional approaches
Azmani, Monir. "Fusion non-linéaire appliquée aux voies pilote et données du signal GPS L2C." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00580417.
Повний текст джерелаSron, Seng thail. "Algorithmes intelligents de pilotages d'antennes reconfigurables à partir de données en bande de base pour la norme LTE." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0138.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of modal antennas which are radiation pattern reconfigurable active antennas, but not arrays, started in order to implement beam forming in cellphones. This solution is generally made with an antenna array, which is very difficult, even impossible, in a mobile phone. Beam forming could improve the link budget and increase the data rate. The first aim of this thesis is the development of modal antennas for LTE standard. Three modal antennas concepts were presented. The first one is a reconfigurable “folded loop” active antenna by permutation of feed and ground points. The second one is a solution to gather the main and the diversity antenna in the bottom part of the phone, and to support MIMO and carrier aggregation, which are two features of LTE. The last one optimizes the use of the second antenna in LTE MIMO systems in order to perform beam forming. These modal antennas will provide their real potential only by being used by a driving algorithm which will choose the best mode or configuration according to the situation. So, the second aim of this thesis is the development of smart modal antenna driving algorithms. The first algorithm, developed and patented by Ethertronics, has the specificity to predict, at each moment, which mode will be the best for the next moment, by using baseband data for LTE. The second algorithm is deterministic and can estimate and track the direction of arrival of the signal. Then, it selects the mode which has the best gain in this direction in order to improve the link budget
Platzer, Auriane. "Mécanique numérique en grandes transformations pilotée par les données : De la génération de données sur mesure à une stratégie adaptative de calcul multiéchelle." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDN0041.
Повний текст джерелаComputational mechanics is a field in which a large amount of data is both consumed and produced. On the one hand, the recent developments of experimental measurement techniques have provided rich data for the identification process of constitutive models used in finite element simulations. On the other hand, multiscale analysis produces a huge amount of discrete values of displacements, strains and stresses from which knowledge is extracted on the overall material behavior. The constitutive model then acts as a bottleneck between upstream and downstream material data. In contrast, Kirchdoerfer and Ortiz (Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 304, 81-101) proposed a model-free computing paradigm, called data-driven computational mechanics. The material response is then only represented by a database of raw material data (strain-stress pairs). The boundary value problem is thus reformulated as a constrained distance minimization between (i) the mechanical strain-stress state of the body, and (ii) the material database. In this thesis, we investigate the question of material data coverage, especially in the finite strain framework. The data-driven approach is first extended to a geometrically nonlinear setting: two alternative formulations are considered and a finite element solver is proposed for both. Second, we explore the generation of tailored databases using a mechanically meaningful sampling method. The approach is assessed by means of finite element analyses of complex structures exhibiting large deformations. Finally, we propose a prototype multiscale data-driven solver, in which the material database is adaptively enriched
Bect, Pierre. "Développement d’un modèle de comportement pour la détection et le diagnostic d’événements anormaux : application à l’hélicoptère." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT108.
Повний текст джерелаThe maintenance of complex system is often segmented by subsystem. Each subsystem involving specialized and various skills, assess the global health of the system is a difficult problem. However, today, complex systems are carefully monitored that allows the records of a substantial amount of heterogeneous data that leads to accurate subsystem maintenance. Diversity of data provides an overview of the global health of the system but in the reason of quantity and heterogeneity their analyses is a difficult exercise. To tackle these data treatment difficulties, computational and mathematical tools have been developed. They allows extraction of relevant information in a substantial amount of data, it is the data mining. The implementation of data mining method could be a solution to the assessment of global health of the system.To make that possible, in a first time, this thesis present how define a helicopter behavior model by using data which are recorded in a good way of running. This behavior model considered as normal will be used as a reference. In a second time, this model will allow to answer to how detect and characterize a drift, an abnormal event, from the normal system behavior model. This method tries to maximize the data usage and minimize the expert knowledge. By this way, it provides results totally objective which could be compare to physical analyses. This approach is supported by a set of mathematical tools implemented in an industrial infrastructure which allows the use of Eurocopter aircraft operational data.To support the implementation of this method, this thesis presents an application of the method on real data from the EC225 helicopter of Eurocopter
Bourlon, Franck. "Réalisation d'une plate-forme expérimentale pour l'élaboration de pilotages automatiques flous d'une rame de métro en similation à partir de données objectives et subjectives." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f8e11027-0073-4089-8f02-5bb1ea3ea18c.
Повний текст джерелаSince the pioneer works achieved by ZADEH and MAMDANI about fuzzy control, this one has been industrially applied in various domains such as transportation. Besides, since 1987, the Sendai subway (Japan) is automatically driven by a fuzzy control algorithm. Thus, the works set out in this report and carried out in collaboration with RATP, intend to evaluate the feasibility of a subway train fuzzy controller. Many aspects of driving are considered in the controller we intend to design, particulary passengers’comfort and energy saving. For that, an experimental platform reproducing the real system is achieved. Different experiments are performed by thirty-two subjects carrying out three tasks (speed traceability, stopping and driving) over three interstations, fictious and actual. From collected data, the problem consists in determining the best subjects, named experts, in the light of five criteria (running time, target speed traceability, stopping accuracy, comfort, energy consumption) for each task and interstation. Three ways are proposed. The former is a fuzzy method, the latter are multicriteria ones. Their results are then synthesized to determine experts. Then data related to each of the experts are treated via TAKAGI & SUGENO fuzzy identification algorithm to fit the different parameters of two kinds of fuzzy controllers : “single” and “double”. An evaluation of these controllers is given by comparing their results to those obtained through other approaches (classical and fuzzy ones). This report ends by a conclusion about the contribution of such fuzzy controllers in automatic subway train driving and introduces the different prospects of this feasibility study
Noël, Patrick. "Construction d'un appareil d'acquisition et de traitement de données basses fréquences pilote par microprocesseur Z80." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600055n.
Повний текст джерелаBleu, Jean-Jacques. "Réseaux de télécommunication en productique : Application, intégration paramètrée des communications pour le pilotage d'ateliers flexibles." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10371.
Повний текст джерелаHermann, Frédéric. "Contribution à la répartition des traitements et des données sur une architecture distribuée équipée d'un réseau de terrain FIP : application à un processus thermique pilote." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10265.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the possibility to allocate the tasks of Distributed Intelligence Base Automation Systems (DIBAS) on a distributed material architecture. In the first part, we show the evolution of Automatic Systems of Production (ASP) in order to attempt the concept of Distributed Intelligence Base Automation Systems (DIBAS). The problems which are encountered in order to build a functional specification of DIBAS are described. Then, a methodological approach proposes a functionnal model for a DIBAS, including the main functions of an Automation system, and allows to develop the number of tasks. In a second part, after a study of the main allocation strategies, a method is described to distribute a validated functional architecture onto the material architecture. An integer programming approach is developed. The algorithm proposed takes into account the criteria and constraints of the functional architecture and the material architecture. This algorithm is allowed to allocate the different tasks onto the material architecture. In order to elaborate an operational architecture, a pilot thermal process is used to validate and to test this architecture. Finally an optimal dimension about the material architecture is obtained and the result is called a validated operational architecture. The aim of this work in the future is to propose a set of tools in order to achieve the design of DIBAS
Kadri, Farid. "Contribution à la conception d'un système d'aide à la décision pour la gestion de situations de tension au sein des systèmes hospitaliers. Application à un service d'urgence." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe management of patient flow, especially the flow resulting from health (flu, heat waves and exceptional circumstances) is one of the most important problems to manage in the emergency department (ED). To handle the influx of patients, emergency departments require significant human and material resources, and a high degree of coordination between these resources. Under these conditions, the medical and the paramedical staffs are often confronted with strain situations which greatly complicate their task. The main purpose of this thesis is to contribute to improving the management of situations of tension occurring in the emergency department by providing a decision support system, SAGEST. This DSS allows i) a proactive control of the ED: predicting at short and/or medium-term the occurrence of potential strain situations and proposing corrective actions to prevent the occurrence of these situations, ii) a reactive control in the case of no-detection of the strain situation occurrence. A functional architecture of the SAGEST system, based on the manager’s decision making process is proposed. Used methodologies and models embedded in the main functions and the knowledge base of the SAGEST system are described. Finally, experiments and results of different models of SAGEST system applied to the paediatric emergency department (PED) of the Regional University Hospital of Lille are presented and discussed
Boubehziz, Toufik. "Simulation en quasi temps réel d’une capsule sous écoulement grâce à des Modèles d’Ordre Réduit." Thesis, Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2678.
Повний текст джерелаThe motion of a liquid-filled microcapsule flowing in a microchannel is a complex problem tosimulate. Two innovative reduced-order data-driven models are proposed to replace the Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) model using a collected database from high-fidelity simulations. The objective is to replace the existing Full Order Model (FOM) with a fast-simulation model that can simulate the capsule deformation in flow at a low cost in terms of time and calculation. The first model consists in building from a space-time-parameter datacube a reduced model to simulate the deformation of the microcapsule for any admissible configuration of parameters. Time evolution of the capsule deformation is treated by identifying the nonlinear low-order manifold of the reduced variables. Then, manifold learning is applied using the Diffuse Approximation (DA) method to predict capsule deformation for a query configuration of parameters and a chosen time discretization. The second model is based on rewriting the FSI model under the form of a reduced-order dynamic system. In this latter, the spectral displacement and velocity coefficients are related through a dynamic operator to be identified. To determine this operator, we suggest the use of a dynamic mode decomposition approach. Numerical validations prove the reliability and stability of the two new models compared to the high order model. A software application has been developed to explore the capsule deformation evolution for any couple of admissible parameters
Gao, Tianyun. "Integrated building fault detection and diagnosis using data modeling and Bayesian networks." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MTLD0010.
Повний текст джерелаHeating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment faults and operational errors result in comfort issues and waste of energy in buildings. In order to help the facility managers to identify and fix faults more efficiently, it is essential to have an Automatic Fault Detection and Diagnosis (AFDD) tool, able to automatically detect comfort and energy issues and identify the root faults.Existing AFDD methods mostly focus on equipment-level fault detection and diagnostics. Almost no attention is given to building level fault diagnosis, considering inter-dependency between equipment through the energy distribution chain.This thesis proposes a new building AFDD method based on operation data collected by Building Management Systems (BMS). The method uses Bayesian Network to achieve building-level integrated fault diagnosis and equipment-level data-driven fault detection by information fusion of data collected from different equipment of HVAC systems. An important contribution relates to the use of operating data and learning techniques to automatically tune some parameters of the detection tool.Our methodology is composed of the following two parts:1. A new systematic way of transferring building system topology information and expert knowledge to a Bayesian Network.2. A novel approach for integrating equipment-level fault detection results into a building-level fault diagnosis Bayesian network. We use regression methods for central equipment (e.g. chiller, boiler, and Air Handling Unit), learned from normal operation data collected during a commissioning test. For room equipment, we use probabilistic models of correlations between control and measurement data.Once the fault diagnosis network is set up and all of the evidence is collected, the network is able to calculate the probability of different faults and identify the most probable root faults. We implemented the fault diagnostics Bayesian network on one simulation data set and two real building operation data sets to test the performance of the AFDD method. The results show that the method is able to easily handle large numbers of equipment, and correctly identify root causes with given evidences.Compared to existing AFDD methods, the new method provides the following benefits:1) The modular structure and generalized methodology allow the method to be applied to wide variety of HVAC systems.2) The method connects equipment faults to building comfort symptoms perceivable by occupants.3) The HVAC system is diagnosed as a whole instead of equipment by equipment.4) By connecting comfort set point violation with equipment fault, and tracing root fault of room equipment failure, the total number of alarms is reduced.5) Facility managers can use the tool in an interactive way, thanks to the capability to post evidence in the Bayesian network based on field investigation findings
Lavigne, Emilien. "AMSA, un framework dédié à la simulation des lois de contrôle pour des voiliers de compétition." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0087.
Повний текст джерелаRacing sailboats are complex and unstable vehicles, which require reliable and robust control. If simulation seems to be an essential tool to tune control laws, it comes with software engineering issues, like integration of heterogeneous components in the simulator, or ease of simulator’s exploitation.This work proposes a software framework dedicated to simulation of control laws for racing sailboats. The framework provides models and tools to facilitate the setup of the simulator architecture. An architectural style, based on standard communication interfaces and universal adaptors, answers to the components’ heterogeneity issue. A mechanism of scenarios is proposed to facilitate the simulations’ management. A scenario allows the parametrization of the different simulator constituents and the production of workable results thanks to events and observers.Automatic parameter sweeping is also possible to facilitate the tuning of models and control laws.Various models of environment, boats and control laws have been integrated to the framework as software components. That allows to run several simulations with various goals: validation of sailboat parametric model, replay of real situation, tuning of control laws.The simulation results validate the models used and confirm some pilot settings obtained empirically during real navigation
Dakouo, Alain Bessiba. "La problématique de l'information territoriale et ses enjeux majeurs dans les pays du Sud : stratégie, méthodologie et projet pilote dans un pays en développement, le Mali." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC007/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn Africa, decentralization takes place in contexts that vary from country to country: the need to reform the Government following a crisis, the desire to establish local democracy to compensate for central or even dictatorial power, sometimes even the Government 's inability to provide basic socio-economic services such as health, education, drinking water, etc.In West Africa, decentralization was often accompanied by a redrawing of territories in the 1990s. Most West African countries have created three levels of local authorities: the Region, the Department (Cercle in Mali) and the Commune. This leads to a need for territory management and planning on several scales (inventory, monitoring of the environmental impact of development, sanitation, natural resource management, rural economic development, health, education, hydraulics and risk management). In the context of a growing need for information, development partners recognize the usefulness of the Geographic Information System (GIS) as a tool for decision making. The creation of different ministries in connection with geographic information in Mali requires pooling of skills centered on geomatics. Indeed, while each Institution and sectoral ministry has its own thematic data, their valuation is hampered by a high dispersion and disparity of geographical and cartographic data.How to share a common geospatial and territorial system across a town hall, a local authority, an NGO, the Government as well as other partners working on the same territorial? What territorial information strategy for a country like Mali?The aim of this thesis is to create, according to the concepts, methods, and technologies of current geography and statistics, a tool to support decision making in a context of overlapping responsibilities/actions and decentralization, designed to take a decisive step forward for the benefit of local territorial planning, by making coherent and available the geolocalized data necessary for an effective spatial planning policy. This strategic perspective implies going back to the distribution of powers, the ratio between free and paid software, participative information (societal, social, ethnic aspects, etc.) and the development of geographical information in Mali.An information strategy is in fact an essential prerequisite for any planning and development strategy. This thesis is an innovative project that will aim to provide answers on the implementation of such a strategy of multi-source and multi-stakeholder spatial information management in a developing country
Fardel, Alexandre. "Fonctionnement hydraulique et propriétés épuratoires de techniques alternatives de gestion des eaux pluviales – cas des noues." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0018.
Повний текст джерелаSwales are vegetated open-drainage systems which are increasingly being used by practitioners to manage stormwater runoff. Swale’s design has considerably evolved from the 1980s (geometry, soil materials, vegetal cover), expanding their functionalities. While standard swales (built by merely grading a local topsoil) are traditionally implemented on the field to canalize the runoff, new types of swales composed with filtering media offer promising perspectives to manage the stormwater pollutant fluxes. The goals of this research are to (i) improve the knowledges about the pollutant removal and hydrologic performances of swales, and to (ii) assess the dominant factors (design factors, runoff characteristics) influencing these performances in order to optimize swale design. The statistical investigations on an original swale database, specifically set up for this study, show that most of the highest removal efficiencies are associated to the pollutants including a particulate form. The inflow concentration was identified as a major factor influencing the pollutant removal efficiencies of swales. To better characterize swale hydraulics and pollutant treatment, and to evaluate under controlled conditions some factors that could affect their performances (swale materials, inflow pathway), a pilot system, comprising two distinct types of swale (a standard swale and a filtering swale), was specifically built at the CSTB Nantes. This original facility provides supplying the swales with a wide variety of artificial urban runoff events in terms of flowrates, pollutant loads and inflow pathways (lateral diffuse inflows or concentrated upstream inflows). The analyses of the swale responses to different water supply conditions were based on the measurements from various measuring devices providing a thoroughly characterization of water and pollutant load fluxes. The experimental investigations on this pilot facility demonstrate that the filtering swales could offer improved hydrological and pollutant treatment benefits compared to the standard swales. The experimental investigations also highlight the benefits from supplying a swale with lateral inflows compared to upstream inflows
Costa, da Silva Marco Aurelio. "Applications and algorithms for two-stage robust linear optimization." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0229/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe research scope of this thesis is two-stage robust linear optimization. We are interested in investigating algorithms that can explore its structure and also on adding alternatives to mitigate conservatism inherent to a robust solution. We develop algorithms that incorporate these alternatives and are customized to work with rather medium or large scale instances of problems. By doing this we experiment a holistic approach to conservatism in robust linear optimization and bring together the most recent advances in areas such as data-driven robust optimization, distributionally robust optimization and adaptive robust optimization. We apply these algorithms in defined applications of the network design/loading problem, the scheduling problem, a min-max-min combinatorial problem and the airline fleet assignment problem. We show how the algorithms developed improve performance when compared to previous implementations
Duan, Zhiya. "Etude d'un procédé d'élimination de résine époxy par pyrolyse applicable au désenrobage de combustibles nucléaires." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0043.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to develop a thermal treatment for the elimination of epoxy resin from spent nuclear fuel by pyrolysis. In order to suppress gas production from polymer’s degradation by radiolysis in confined storage conditions, these fuels, which have been previously embedded in epoxy resin for the purpose of metallographic preparation, must be separated from the resin. To ensure the safety and universality of the process for removing the organic material, a pyrolysis process in an inert atmosphere of argon is selected. The main objective of the treatment is to minimize the final hydrogen content in the residual char while maintaining the integrity of the fuel in order to avoid the release of fission products and the expansion of the material, which occurs in oxidizing atmosphere. In this work, a general methodology is proposed in order to understand the physico-chemical phenomena involved during the pyrolysis of the resin and to acquire relevant data for the development of the process. Experimental investigations were mainly carried out in a pilot-scale furnace which was coupled with a series of filtration devices to recover the pyrolysis products for characterization. Most of pyrolysis gases have been measured on line with micro gas chromatography columns. For some pilot experiments, a FTIR analyzer allowed to characterize heavier and nitrated compounds in the gas. The resin, the tars and the char were characterized by elemental analysis (CHON). All the measurements of the pyrolysis products’ elemental compositions and weights have been adjusted by the method of data reconciliation. The results make it possible to establish a precise mass balance with the definition of model molecules (CxHyOzNw) for tars and char and the stoichiometric coefficients for the overall pyrolysis reaction. At 450 °C, the mass distribution of pyrolysis products is: 78.74% tars, 5.82% water, 12.84% char and 2.60% permanent gases. The parametric studies carried out with regard to the char ratio and its hydrogen content have shown that the predominant parameters are, in order of importance: the temperature, the plateau time and the heating rate. The influence of argon flow rate and resin mass is negligible. For a further investigation of the char, NMR spectroscopy was applied to identify its molecular structure changes with pyrolysis temperature. Furthermore, the characterization of tars by TD-GC/MS reveals four main compounds: dodecanol, tetradecanol, phenol and 4-isopropylphenol. Both these quantitative and qualitative information help to define the process conditions for the removal of epoxy resin by pyrolysis with respect to the final objective, i.e. minimizing the hydrogen content in the residual char while respecting the safety constraints
Azlal, Ayoub. "Déploiement d‟une stratégie Smart City à l‟échelle de la ville : application à la ville de Saint-Quentin." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I056.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis work focuses on the deployment of the Smart City concept at the city level, with an application in the city of Saint-Quentin. The work, presented in this manuscript, contributes to enrich the Research in the field of the smart city with the objective of bridging the knowledge gap between theory and practice.Thus, the main objective is to develop a methodology for the development of a "Smart City" roadmap as the first phase of the implementation of a Smart City project.This thesis report is divided into five main parts.The first part presents a synthesis of the state of the art of research and practice on the Smart City in the world.The second part presents the methodology developed to conduct a smart city approach. It constitutes a solid scientific basis for carrying out and designing a global “Smart City” strategy.The third part is about the application of the methodology developed to the city of Saint-Quentin. After a deep analysis of the territory, we carried out a diagnosis with a view to deploying the Smart City concept. This task included identifying the challenges facing the city and areas for improvement. A series of pilot projects have been proposed.The fourth part consists on describing the real estate assets of the city of Saint-Quentin, as well as analyzing their energy consumption and CO2 emissions.At last but not least, the fifth part aims to reflect the work carried out for the intelligent transformation of municipal buildings in the city of Saint-Quentin. Two main test sites are presented : a hall for concerts and shows and a nursery and primary school group. This chapter also presents the methodology for deploying sensors to measure and monitor comfort and safety parameters in real time as well as the use of these data
David, Gilles. "Modélisation dynamique des modèles physiques etnumériques pour la simulation en électromagnétisme.Application dans un environnement de simulation intégrée :SALOME." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171424.
Повний текст джерелаMartel, Marie-Claude. ""Utilisation médicamenteuse pendant la grossesse chez des patientes ayant une maladie chronique pré-existante : étude pilote pour la mise en place des outils de recueil de données"." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15627.
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