Дисертації з теми "Physiology of landscape"
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Wilkin, Matthew Fudge. "The effect of irrigation frequency on growth and physiology of native landscape shrub species." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Wilkin_Matthew_30.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNewberry, Gretchen N. "Habitat Associations, Nest Success and Nest Microclimate of Rooftop Nesting Common Nighthawks (Chordeiles minor) in the Agriculturally Dominant Landscape of Southeastern South Dakota." Thesis, University of South Dakota, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10831355.
Повний текст джерелаNatural nesting habitat for Common Nighthawks (Chordeiles minor ) in the Northern Prairie region of North America is in decline due to row-crop conversion. Other nesting habitats used by nighthawks in this region includes flat, gravel rooftops, but such rooftop habitat is scheduled to be replaced by other materials within the next 20 years. These changes present substantial challenges to population persistence for nighthawks in this region.
This study used point counts and land cover analysis at 396 points in two study areas in southeastern South Dakota, northeastern Nebraska and northwestern Iowa to document that nighthawk presence is positively associated with flat, gravel rooftops and heterogeneous land cover and negatively associated with row crops in agriculturally dominated landscapes.
In addition to land cover change challenges, continuing trends toward increasing summer temperatures, decreasing cloud cover and increasing humidity might make rooftops unsuitable for nest habitat. Mean daily minimum, average and maximum operative temperatures (Te) recorded at rooftop nest sites in 2016-2017 were 26.3, 31.7, and 36.3 °C, respectively, with a 71.1 °C overall maximum Te. I monitored 50 rooftop nests during 2015-2017 in southeastern South Dakota. Like many nightjars, 7- to 14-day old nighthawk chicks are extremely heat tolerant. Evaporative water loss rates rapidly increased at temperatures above 44.1 °C in humid conditions (i.e. up to 16 °C dew point), and chicks had similar evaporative water loss rates at 51°C (2.44 g H20 h-1) to adult nightjars. However, baseline corticosterone levels increased in chicks acutely exposed to high ambient temperatures, suggesting that these temperatures were stressful. In addition, low hatching (0.252) and fledging (0.262) success rates, similar to those for other declining nighthawk populations, and a negative association between ambient temperature and hatching success, suggest that future microclimate trends may make rooftops an unsuitable nesting habitat.
This study recommends conservation of grasslands and heterogeneous landscapes of row crops and grazed pastures to promote nighthawk occurrence in the region where row crops dominate. In addition, provision of urban ecoroofs, with gravel patches, as alternative nesting habitats in agriculturally dominated landscapes will also be important for maintaining populations of this declining aerial insectivore species.
Redwine, Angela. "REPRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF CORNUS FLORIDA ACROSS AN URBAN LANDSCAPE GRADIENT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3136.
Повний текст джерелаVarvaro, Megan Frances Varvaro. "The effect of simulated climate change on overwintering physiology in solitary bees and the impacts of floral and landscape resources on nesting." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532006641206995.
Повний текст джерелаJohns, Jason W. "Araucaria in the Urban Landscape: A Novel Leaning Pattern and Evidence of Cultivated Hybridization." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1784.
Повний текст джерелаCrémel, Françoise. "Être paysage, un exercice pluriel : Sans le corps, pas d'accès communautaire au paysage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AGPT0045.
Повний текст джерелаThe research in landscape mentally inhabits the outside. The landscape, the one which moves us or disgusts us, sensory, is here envisaged as a realistic fction of the traveling body. Experienced with the multiple paths which go alongside the landscape with each crossing, I question the validity of this research topic. What if the landscape escaped straight away at each attempt to capture it? How do its multiple shapes gather around themselves to nest the wholeness of one being? Here, we can try to phrase a conception of the landscape as a fabric, not only spread at a geographical level but also imprisoning in its fbers the body and the soul of each being. The outside, as the habitat of each creature, is no longer just an environment, but becomes a landscape. Suggesting exercises to access the outside to address the landscape collectively is the aim of this Ph.D. research. It is in this context where living is no longer claimed by a welcoming landscape that my work attempts to put the body back in movement and then to render it able to assess a landscape. A landscape is expressed both through representations and ways. The former are about expressions and the latter are about materials. Between the locution and the substance, what is the pattern? Is the body susceptible to move towards the landscape and does the landscape have the resources to receive it? In the frst part, rather than a text displayed and discussed by dissident voices, I involve the keywords offered by education to develop a discourse. At a crossroad between research and practice, I build my thesis from my position as a practicing landscaper and as a landscape project teacher at the ENSP in Versailles. My work relies on a criticism of Mouvance, 50 mots pour le paysage, written in 1999 by six landscape researchers, who built a frst theoretical approach. After a presentation, their views are debated with a lexicon elaborated during the four years spent working on this thesis. At last, I test with my students the vitality of these words in different landscape places or professional practice situations, in order to build on a freshened basis the very corpus of what can be expressed in the landscape. These words are the abstract basis of feldwork teaching sessions detailed in the second part. The Parc des Lilas, in Vitry-sur-Seine is the study framework of exercises done with my students in a landscape project. This park, started in 1980, is still under arrangement. Without a signature, it has no name and is defned as unexpected, an alias, a tempo. Its qualitiesualities give it its substance: it has become allochtonous, an alien product in its own place. Its chronicles enables one to unearth a changing way to ascertain the landscape of a place. The Parc des Lilas is used as a basis for the lexicon’s defnition and evaluation of the Parc’s conception as a produced landscape. In the third part, the proposition is to place the body in a landscape in order to assess it. The research protocol is immediate and is defned from successive products of movements, of speech and then of written production. The production is that of a research in action, stopped and commented, the research itself going further than its formulation. I offer here a guide for the commentaire composé de paysage (CCP), the composed commentary of the landscape, an avatar towards educational applied project, a proposition of educational innovation, where protocols and prerequisites are part of the formulation. Linguistic and abstraction levels are no longer obstacles to understanding the landscape. The CCP is the frame of a landscape offered to everyone. The real and the imaginary are redistributed as they appear. Body and landscape feed into a «landscape physiology», which is taught through attendance
Moura, Thaiane Campos. "Morfotectônica na bacia do Rio Preto (MG/RJ): influências da neotecônica na dinâmica e evolução da paisagem." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5364.
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A presente dissertação se propôs à investigar as implicações da morfotectônica na organização da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Preto (RJ/MG), cuja localização corrobora para a análise de feições morfotectônicas entre duas unidades geomorfológicas do sudeste brasileiro, o Alinhamento de Cristas do Paraíba do Sul e o Planalto do Itatiaia. Diante dos objetivos traçados foram selecionadas técnicas morfométricas de aplicação sobre o relevo e a drenagem, representações cartográficas e incursões a campo, que conjuntamente à Fisiologia da Paisagem, em seus três níveis de abordagem, ampararam o entendimento sobre a o quadro morfoestrutural e morfotectônico presente no recorte espacial selecionado. As feições registradas em campo e os resultados coletados em laboratório apontam conjuntamente para a atividade neotectônica concomitante à dinâmica superficial da paisagem comum em regiões tropicais, que muitas vezes mascara feições de uma tectônica passiva sobre a paisagem. Resultados concretos alcançados revelam a neotectônica atualmente no Sudeste brasileiro, corroborando para feições paisagísticas morfotectônicas.
This dissertation proposes to investigate the implications of dynamic neotectonic in the organization of the landscape in Rio Preto basin (RJ/MG), whose location supports for analyzing morphotectonic features between two geomorphological units of southeastern Brazil, the Alinhamento de Cristas do Paraíba do Sul and the Planalto do Itatiaia. Before the objectives were selected for morphometric techniques application on the topography and drainage, cartographic representations and raids the countryside, which jointly to the physiology of the landscape, in its three levels of approach, bolstered the understanding about the dynamics showed this in the space selected clipping. The features recorded in the field and the results collected in laboratory point together to neotectonic activity concomitant to the superficial common landscape dynamics in tropical regions, which often masks a passive tectonic features on the landscape, but in many of the results it was possible to show that the study area is located in a dynamic tectonic framework.
Svensson, Daniel. "Scientizing performance in endurance sports : The emergence of ‘rational training’ in cross-country skiing, 1930-1980." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195830.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20161114
Rationell träning: vetenskapliggörandet äv träning för längdskidåkning
Rodrigues, Éder Luis da Silva. "Estudo sobre a fisiologia da paisagem do areal do Cerro da Esquina no município de São Francisco de Assis - RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/186025.
Повний текст джерелаThe present research has studied the dynamics of sand forming process in sandspot of Cerro da Esquina, in São Francisco de Assis – RS under the perspective of the physiology studies of landscapes proposed by Ab’Saber in 1969. The time frame for the study was one year – from June, 2016 to March, 2017 –, in which were performed four aerophotogrammetric surveys through unmanned aerial vehicle, one survey at the end of each season of the year. Based on the cartographic data obtained, it was possible to identify the main micro features of relief and the area was compartmentalized in five sections, according to its drainage process. The compartments were analyzed and described according to the processes active in them. A sintesys map of the physiology of the areal landscape was created based on a detailed analysis of each section. During the time frame of the study, the data showed that the processes prevailing in the major part of the area were erosion, transportation and deposition with hydric origins. In what regards the total area occupied by the areal, it didn’t suffer any significant changes, what means it kept stable. There were not found significative advances in sandspots towards the surrounding meadow, nor the opposite – from the meadow towards the areal. Lastly, there are strong indications that monitoring an area with unmanned aerial vehicle and the support of other techniques of topographic survey is highly efficient in researches like the present study, once it enables a large data collection with cartographic quality, with lesser costs and the adequate variable temporal resolution according to the objectives of the research.
Pinto, Cátia. "VineMicrobiome : Une analyse approfondie de la communauté microbienne naturelle de Vitis vinifera Vitis vinifera microbiome: from basic research to technological development Unravelling the diversity of grapevine microbiome Wine fermentation microbiome: a landscape from different Portuguese wine appellations The effects of grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) on vine physiology." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS045.
Повний текст джерелаVitis vinifera L. is a widely cultivated fruit crop, that naturally harbours a complex microbial ecosystem or plant microbiome, such as neutral, phytopathogenic or beneficial microorganisms. Among phytopathogens, those implied in Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are responsible for the most destructive diseases worldwide, and currently no highly effective treatments are available. Beneficial microorganisms (BCAs) may play specific roles on plant protection against phytopathogens though, the present challenge is to understand how such microorganisms interact with plant and their biotechnological potential for development of innovation strategies. In this context, the aim of this study was firstly to unveil the microbial communities associated with grapevine along its growth cycle and, secondly, to better understand the grapevine – BCAs – GTDs interactions. For this, two potential BCAs isolated from grapevine were tested against Botryosphaeriaceae species and then deep characterized, namely for their colonisation potential, induction of defence mechanisms in grapevine, in the presence or not of D. seriata (F98.1) and their genome analysis. Results showed that grapevine microbiome was very dynamic along the growth cycle. As expected, the microbial biodiversity was higher in soils, and these microbial communities differed significantly from those of leaves. A proportion of microbial communities was shared within soils and leaves, suggesting the existence of a core microbiome. Several isolates were then obtained from grapevine which mostly belonged to Bacillus, Streptomyces and Aureobasidium genera. Some of them significantly decreased in vitro the mycelium growth of several Botryosphaeriaceae species, such as Streptomyces sp. Fito_S127B and A. pullulans Fito_F278 which were highly effective and thus selected as potential BCAs. These strains showed to produce a high range of extracellular enzymes with biocontrol value, and were able to successfully colonize grapevine: Fito_S127B was an epiphyte from rhizosphere, while Fito_F278 colonised grapevine from roots to leaves. The artificial inoculation of green stems with D. seriata F98.1 on cutting plants showed that the necrotic lesions length caused by the pathogen was significantly reduced by Fito_S127B, in contrast to Fito_F278 which was less effective. Furthermore, these BCAs activated some specific defence responses of grapevine, allowing a more rapid and solid response of plant against the pathogen. The genome analysis also showed that these BCAs strains are an important source of bioactive compounds of biocontrol value. Overall, this study brought new insights on the structure of microbial communities of grapevine and their interactions. Moreover, highlighted that grapevine is a natural source of microorganisms with a promising biocontrol against GTDs, and that they can promote plant defense responses. Thus, these findings provide not only a better understand of the grapevine- BCAs- GTDs interactions but also a strong contribution to future GTDs management strategy. Key-words: Grapevine microbiome, GTDs, D. seriata, beneficial microorganisms, Fito_S127B, Fito_F278, grapevine colonisation, plant defence mechanisms, grapevine protection
Della, Penna Alice. "Living in a fluid-dynamical landscape : how do marine predators respond to turbulence ?" Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC066.
Повний текст джерелаMarine top predators play a fundamental role in maintaining the structure and functioning of healthy marine ecosystems. In the last decades the development of bio-Iogging (i. E. Deployment of autonomous recording tags on free-living animals) has radically changed the study of top predators and their interactions with their environment. Combinations of sensors measuring position (Argos and GPS), environmental properties (water temperature, light) and proxies for foraging behavior (accelerometers) have enabled relating migrations of large fish, marine mammals, sea turtles and seabirds to basin scale patterns of ocean currents, temperature, and productivity. However, what influences marine predators' movement at smaller spatial and temporal scales, such as the ones they experience during their foraging trips, is still largely unknown. This project analyses the interaction between marine top predators (elephant seals and macaroni penguins) and sub-mesoscale (few days-months, 10-100 km) ocean dynamics. This is achieved by combining in-situ observations, bio-logging data, remote-sensing, ecological modelling and a Lagrangian approach (i. E. Based on the tracking of water parcels). The study is conducted in the sub-Antarctic region around the Kerguelen Plateau (Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean)
Casiraghi, Marina. "Functional modulation of a G protein-coupled receptor conformational landscape in a lipid bilayer." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC138/document.
Повний текст джерелаG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of integral membrane protein receptors present in most eukaryotic cells. They play a key role in signal transduction and understanding their signalling mechanism represents one of the main issues in biology today. In the characterization of the energy landscape of these receptors, at the atomic scale, X-ray crystal atomic structures published during the last decade represent the major breakthrough and contribution in the structural biology of GPCRs. They represent a precious starting point in the understanding of the mechanism of signal transduction by placing structures in the conformational ensemble of these receptors along the activation pathway. To complete these static snapshots that correspond to low energy and highly populated states, a characterization of the whole conformational ensemble and associated kinetic barriers is fundamental to complete the picture. To this aim we proposed an innovative approach to observe GPCRs dynamic conformational landscape and how it is modulated by ligands and lipids, that are known to play a key role in membrane protein structures and functions (e.g.). One of the most appropriate tool to explore GPCR kinetic barriers is solution state NMR. To do so, we used 13CH3 probes immersed in a perdeuterated environment, the most appropriate isotope-labelling scheme to investigate conformational landscapes of large proteins or protein complexes with this spectroscopy. We chose Escherichia coli as expression system for its ability to grow in very hostile conditions like 100%-D2O solutions. In order to overcome the usual expression issues concerning GPCRs, we applied an innovative protocol which targets the expression directly to inclusion bodies. This allows the production of high amounts of proteins (up to 6 mg/litre of culture of pure 13CH3-u-2H-GPCRs). Once purified, receptors are folded in amphipols and then transferred to nanometric lipid bilayers or nanodiscs. Importantly quantitative pharmacological measurements indicate that receptors embedded in NLBs following this protocol are stable and fully active in the conditions of the NMR experiments. NMR investigation of a GPCR in a NLB gave rise to a resolution never achieved in the field thanks to a fine tuned biochemistry and a perdeuteration of the receptor. According to our data, the prototypical receptor, the leukotriene B4 receptor (BLT2), is able to explore multiple different conformations, even in the unliganded state, including the active state. This conformational landscape is further modulated by ligands and lipids. In particular, we observed that an increment in the sterol content of the membrane modifies the distribution of the different conformational states of the receptor in favour of the active one, indicating a positive allosteric regulation of the sterol on the activation of this receptor, as confirmed by GTP-to-G protein binding measurements. This property of the sterol is likely important for the control of the signalling properties of GPCRs
Wright, Amy Noelle. "The physiology of landscape establishment of Kalmia latifolia." 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05102002-135147/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLangley, Gail. "Seed viability in topsoil stockpiles used for arid zone minesite rehabilitation in the Middleback Ranges of South Australia." 2002. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/46671.
Повний текст джерелаGagliardi, Stephanie. "Intraspecific Trait Plasticity in Coffee Agroforestry Systems of Costa Rica." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/44020.
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