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Статті в журналах з теми "Physical interpretations"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 21 грудня 2024

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1

Livadiotis, G., and D. J. McComas. "Electrostatic shielding in plasmas and the physical meaning of the Debye length." Journal of Plasma Physics 80, no. 3 (January 20, 2014): 341–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377813001335.

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This paper examines the electrostatic shielding in plasmas, and resolves inconsistencies about what the Debye length really is. Two different interpretations of the Debye length are currently used: (1) The potential energy approximately equals the thermal energy, and (2) the ratio of the shielded to the unshielded potential drops to 1/e. We examine these two interpretations of the Debye length for equilibrium plasmas described by the Boltzmann distribution, and non-equilibrium plasmas (e.g. space plasmas) described by kappa distributions. We study three dimensionalities of the electrostatic potential: 1-D potential of linear symmetry for planar charge density, 2-D potential of cylindrical symmetry for linear charge density, and 3-D potential of spherical symmetry for a point charge. We resolve critical inconsistencies of the two interpretations, including: independence of the Debye length on the dimensionality; requirement for small charge perturbations that is equivalent to weakly coupled plasmas; correlations between ions and electrons; existence of temperature for non-equilibrium plasmas; and isotropic Debye shielding. We introduce a third Debye length interpretation that naturally emerges from the second statistical moment of the particle position distribution; this is analogous to the kinetic definition of temperature, which is the second statistical moment of the velocity distribution. Finally, we compare the three interpretations, identifying what information is required for theoretical/experimental plasma-physics research: Interpretation 1 applies only to kappa distributions; Interpretation 2 is not restricted to any specific form of the ion/electron distributions, but these forms have to be known; Interpretation 3 needs only the second statistical moment of the positional distribution.

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2

Quay, John, Juha Kokkonen, and Marja Kokkonen. "Finnish interpretations of Creative Physical Education." Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education 7, no. 2 (May 3, 2016): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18377122.2016.1196115.

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3

Hecht, Heiko. "Regularities of the physical world and the absence of their internalization." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 4 (August 2001): 608–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01000036.

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The notion of internalization put forth by Roger Shepard continues to be appealing and challenging. He suggests that we have internalized, during our evolutionary development, environmental regularities, or constraints. Internalization solves one of the hardest problems of perceptual psychology: the underspecification problem. That is the problem of how well-defined perceptual experience is generated from the often ambiguous and incomplete sensory stimulation. Yet, the notion of internalization creates new problems that may outweigh the solution of the underspecification problem. To support this claim, I first examine the concept of internalization, breaking it down into several distinct interpretations. These range from well-resolved dynamic regularities to ill-resolved statistical regularities. As a function of the interpretation the researcher selects, an empirical test of the internalization hypothesis may be straightforward or it may become virtually impossible. I then attempt to cover the range of interpretations by drawing on examples from different domains of visual event perception. Unfortunately, the experimental tests regarding most candidate regularities, such as gravitational acceleration, fail to support the concept of internalization. This suggests that narrow interpretations of the concept should be given up in favor of more abstract interpretations. However, the latter are not easily amenable to empirical testing. There is nonetheless a way to test these abstract interpretations by contrasting internalization with the opposite concept: externalization of body dynamics. I summarize evidence for such a projection of body constraints onto external objects. Based on the combined evidence of well-resolved and ill- resolved regularities, the value of the notion of internalization has to be reassessed.

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4

Sabatier, Jocelyn. "Probabilistic Interpretations of Fractional Operators and Fractional Behaviours: Extensions, Applications and Tribute to Prof. José Tenreiro Machado’s Ideas." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 4184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224184.

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This paper extends and illustrates a probabilistic interpretation of the fractional derivative operator proposed by Pr. José Tenreiro Machado. While his interpretation concerned the probability of finding samples of the derivate signal in the expression of the fractional derivative, the present paper proposes interpretations for other fractional models and more generally fractional behaviours (without using a model). It also proposes probabilistic interpretations in terms of time constants and time delay distributions. It shows that these probabilistic interpretations in terms of time delay distributions can be connected to the physical behaviour of real systems governed by adsorption or diffusion phenomena.

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5

Abraham, D. A., and A. P. Lyons. "Novel physical interpretations of K-distributed reverberation." IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering 27, no. 4 (October 2002): 800–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/joe.2002.804324.

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6

Smith, Harlan J., and Ronald J. Angione. "Physical interpretations from quasar light curves — 3c273." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 119 (1986): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900152337.

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Light curves of quasars give information on time scales (hence limits on size of principal luminous source), and on phase of variation (hence evidence bearing on the distance of surrounding regions or shells).

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7

Millen, Lisa. "Just Another Physical Wreck on the Shores of Time." Pneuma 44, no. 2 (July 25, 2022): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-bja10066.

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Abstract This article investigates the various ways in which Pentecostals read and interpreted the narrative of the woman whom Jesus healed of an “issue of blood.” It explores the manner in which she and her experience are described and explained by Pentecostals in articles and sermons from the beginning of the movement to the present day. The article attempts to survey and analyze the different interpretations and how they have changed over time. While early pentecostal literature used the narrative as an opportunity to engage in anti-physician rhetoric and to defend the doctrine of healing in the atonement, later literature expanded the interpretation of the woman’s issue beyond physical healing to include other “issues” a person might face. Present throughout the literature is an emphasis on the woman’s faith and her personal agency to bring about the miracle. However, also present are negative interpretations of the woman and her “issue of blood.” Finally, the article looks forward to other possible interpretive strategies.

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8

Kopf, Simon Maria. "God's Involvement in Creaturely Action: Physical Premotion, Aristotelian Premotion, or a Dimension of Creation-Conservation?" Thomist: A Speculative Quarterly Review 88, no. 1 (January 2024): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tho.2024.a914471.

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Abstract: The question of how two agents—creaturely and divine—can bring about one action has been a theological conundrum for ages. This article explores Thomas Aquinas's view on God's involvement in creaturely action by looking specifically at his doctrine of divine application. What sort of action does God perform in creaturely action? After establishing a textual basis for a discussion of God's action in creaturely action in Aquinas, the article discusses and evaluates three interpretations: (1) Robert Matava's recent interpretation of divine application in terms of creation-conservation; (2) Reginald Garrigou-Langrange's traditional interpretation in terms of physical premotion ( praemotio physica ); and (3) Bernard Lonergan's interpretation in terms of Aristotelian premotion. The article then delineates the differences in the metaphysics of creaturely action. It argues that Aristotelian physical premotion provides a substantive alternative to the traditional account of physical premotion—an alternative that holds that divine application is motion and therefore does not reduce the divina applicatio to a dimension of creation-conservation.

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9

Rutman, R. S. "On physical interpretations of fractional integration and differentiation." Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 105, no. 3 (December 1995): 1509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02070871.

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10

Gao, Wanrong. "Independent differential depolarization parameters and their physical interpretations." Optics & Laser Technology 161 (June 2023): 109156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2023.109156.

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11

Morimae, Tomoyuki, and Harumichi Nishimura. "Quantum interpretations of AWPP and APP." Quantum Information and Computation 16, no. 5&6 (April 2016): 498–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic16.5-6-6.

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AWPP is a complexity class introduced by Fenner, Fortnow, Kurtz, and Li, which is defined using GapP functions. Although it is an important class as the best upperbound of BQP, its definition seems to be somehow artificial, and therefore it would be better if we have some “physical interpretation” of AWPP. Here we provide a quantum physical interpretation of AWPP: we show that AWPP is equal to the class of problems efficiently solved by a quantum computer with the ability of postselecting an event whose probability is close to an FP function. This result is applied to also obtain a quantum physical interpretation of APP. In addition, we consider a “classical physical analogue” of these results, and show that a restricted version of BPPpath contains UP ∩ coUP and is contained in WAPP.

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12

Crecraft, Harrison. "Time and Causality: A Thermocontextual Perspective." Entropy 23, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 1705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23121705.

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The thermocontextual interpretation (TCI) is an alternative to the existing interpretations of physical states and time. The prevailing interpretations are based on assumptions rooted in classical mechanics, the logical implications of which include determinism, time symmetry, and a paradox: determinism implies that effects follow causes and an arrow of causality, and this conflicts with time symmetry. The prevailing interpretations also fail to explain the empirical irreversibility of wavefunction collapse without invoking untestable and untenable metaphysical implications. They fail to reconcile nonlocality and relativistic causality without invoking superdeterminism or unexplained superluminal correlations. The TCI defines a system’s state with respect to its actual surroundings at a positive ambient temperature. It recognizes the existing physical interpretations as special cases which either define a state with respect to an absolute zero reference (classical and relativistic states) or with respect to an equilibrium reference (quantum states). Between these special case extremes is where thermodynamic irreversibility and randomness exist. The TCI distinguishes between a system’s internal time and the reference time of relativity and causality as measured by an external observer’s clock. It defines system time as a complex property of state spanning both reversible mechanical time and irreversible thermodynamic time. Additionally, it provides a physical explanation for nonlocality that is consistent with relativistic causality without hidden variables, superdeterminism, or “spooky action”.

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13

Liao, David, and Thea D. Tlsty. "Evolutionary game theory for physical and biological scientists. II. Population dynamics equations can be associated with interpretations." Interface Focus 4, no. 4 (August 6, 2014): 20140038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2014.0038.

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The use of mathematical equations to analyse population dynamics measurements is being increasingly applied to elucidate complex dynamic processes in biological systems, including cancer. Purely ‘empirical’ equations may provide sufficient accuracy to support predictions and therapy design. Nevertheless, interpretation of fitting equations in terms of physical and biological propositions can provide additional insights that can be used both to refine models that prove inconsistent with data and to understand the scope of applicability of models that validate. The purpose of this tutorial is to assist readers in mathematically associating interpretations with equations and to provide guidance in choosing interpretations and experimental systems to investigate based on currently available biological knowledge, techniques in mathematical and computational analysis and methods for in vitro and in vivo experiments.

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14

Plotnitsky, Arkady. "In Our Mind’s Eye: Thinkable and Unthinkable, and Classical and Quantum in Fundamental Physics, with Schrödinger’s Cat Experiment." Entropy 26, no. 5 (May 13, 2024): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26050418.

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This article reconsiders E. Schrödinger’s cat paradox experiment from a new perspective, grounded in the interpretation of quantum mechanics that belongs to the class of interpretations designated as “reality without realism” (RWR) interpretations. These interpretations assume that the reality ultimately responsible for quantum phenomena is beyond conception, an assumption designated as the Heisenberg postulate. Accordingly, in these interpretations, quantum physics is understood in terms of the relationships between what is thinkable and what is unthinkable, with, physical, classical, and quantum, corresponding to thinkable and unthinkable, respectively. The role of classical physics becomes unavoidable in quantum physics, the circumstance designated as the Bohr postulate, which restores to classical physics its position as part of fundamental physics, a position commonly reserved for quantum physics and relativity. This view of quantum physics and relativity is maintained by this article as well but is argued to be sufficient for understanding fundamental physics. Establishing this role of classical physics is a distinctive contribution of the article, which allows it to reconsider Schrödinger’s cat experiment, but has a broader significance for understanding fundamental physics. RWR interpretations have not been previously applied to the cat experiment, including by N. Bohr, whose interpretation, in its ultimate form (he changed it a few times), was an RWR interpretation. The interpretation adopted in this article follows Bohr’s interpretation, based on the Heisenberg and Bohr postulates, but it adds the Dirac postulate, stating that the concept of a quantum object only applies at the time of observation and not independently.

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15

Curtis, James E., and Barry D. McPherson. "Regional Differences in the Leisure Physical Activity of Canadians: Testing Some Alternative Interpretations." Sociology of Sport Journal 4, no. 4 (December 1987): 363–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.4.4.363.

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This paper presents the results of a multivariate analysis of the relationship between region and the extent of participation in sport and physical activities, employing data from a large (N=20,000+) survey of a national sample of Canadian adults. The region-activity relationship is one that has been suggested also by some U.S. studies; that is, the farther west the respondent’s place of residence, the more likely he or she is to report high rates of physical activity. For the U.S. results, a convenient and common interpretation has been that the more favorable climate for outdoor activities in the westerly states leads to higher activity. This interpretation is not adequate for the Canadian findings, however, because of the harsher winter climate in the western provinces. Therefore, we explore some alternative theoretical interpretations of the Canadian results. These involve the effects of regional differences in three types of factors: sociodemographic composition, socioeconomic profiles, and opportunity structures. Because these factors are shown in our analyses to have only small effects upon the region-activity relationship, we also include some proposals for still further avenues of analysis and interpretation of the regional differences.

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16

Grünbaum, A. "A New Critique of Theological Interpretations of Physical Cosmology." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/51.1.1.

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17

Sanders, Stephen W. "Children's Physical Education Experiences: Their Interpretations can Help Teachers." Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 67, no. 3 (March 1996): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1996.10607222.

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18

Ozawa, Misaki, and Nina Javerzat. "Perspective on physical interpretations of Rényi entropy in statistical mechanics." Europhysics Letters 147, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad5d89.

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Abstract Rényi entropy is a one-parameter generalization of Shannon entropy, which has been used in various fields of physics. Despite its wide applicability, the physical interpretations of the Rényi entropy are not widely known. In this paper, we discuss some basic properties of the Rényi entropy relevant to physics, in particular statistical mechanics, and its physical interpretations using free energy, replicas, work, and large deviation.

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19

Shim, Yul Hui, Piyush K. Singh, and Simon A. Rogers. "Unified interpretation of MAOS responses via experimentally decomposed material functions." Journal of Rheology 67, no. 6 (October 3, 2023): 1141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000702.

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Oscillatory shear testing, used to characterize the viscoelastic response of soft materials, is often divided into small, medium, and large amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS, MAOS, and LAOS) regions. SAOS is a common test that gives us a unified analysis and interpretation of linear viscoelastic behavior, whereas understanding MAOS and LAOS is still an active area of research. While numerous mathematical techniques have been proposed, a consensus interpretation is still missing. Recently, our understanding of nonlinear behavior in the LAOS regime has been developed using iterative recovery tests. Recovery rheology decomposes the strain into two components, allowing an unambiguous interpretation of the nonlinear behavior in terms of sequences of recoverable and unrecoverable processes. In this work, we revisit the MAOS material functions for polyvinyl alcohol-borax hydrogel and worm-like micelles using recovery rheology. We show that two mathematical formalisms, the Chebyshev and sequence of physical processes analyses, provide competing physical interpretations when they are derived from the total strain, but provide unified interpretations when describing the decomposed strains. We, therefore, show that what has often been treated as a mathematical problem can instead be solved experimentally by acknowledging the extra information provided by recovery rheology.

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20

McGee, Ben Wright. "The Implications of Relativistic Time Dilation on the Nature of Physical Time: A Non-Newtonian Interpretation of Special Relativity." KronoScope 6, no. 2 (2006): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852406779751953.

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AbstractThe Theory of Relativity, in both the Special and General cases, possesses profound inferences concerning the nature of time as a physical component of universal structure, and not as either an abstract concept or a universal entropic progression as is commonly perceived. While the time-slowing observations of what is known as Relativistic "time dilation" are well documented, the temporal interpretations of such dilation effects were critically affected by a Newtonian view of universally invariant time. Consequently, the most sophisticated interpretations of time dilation were parasitically molded by archaic views of physical time and have remained essentially unchallenged for a century, inhibiting any attempts to functionally integrate the observations of Relativity with Newtonian Mechanics. By freeing relativistic observations from the limited paradigm of Newtonian temporal concepts, an alternative, robust interpretation of Special Relativity, one acting in concert with the actions of bodies as described by Newtonian Mechanics, is produced and discussed.

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21

KUCHAŘ, KAREL V. "TIME AND INTERPRETATIONS OF QUANTUM GRAVITY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, supp01 (July 31, 2011): 3–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811019347.

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In canonical quantization of gravity, the state functional does not seem to depend on time. This hampers the physical interpretation of quantum gravity. I critically examine ten major attempts to circumvent this problem and discuss their shortcomings.

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22

KENT, ADRIAN. "AGAINST MANY-WORLDS INTERPRETATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 05, no. 09 (May 10, 1990): 1745–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x90000805.

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This is a critical review of the literature on many-worlds interpretations, MWI, with arguments drawn partly from earlier critiques by Bell and Stein. The essential postulates involved in various MWI are extracted, and their consistency with the evident physical world is examined. Arguments are presented against MWI proposed by Everett, Graham and DeWitt. The relevance of frequency operators to MWI is examined; it is argued that frequency operator theorems of Hartle and Farhi-Goldstone-Gutmann do not in themselves provide a probability interpretation for quantum mechanics, and thus neither support existing MWI nor would be useful in constructing new MWI. Comments are made on papers by Geroch and Deutsch that advocate MWI. It is concluded that no plausible set of axioms exists for an MWI that describes known physics.

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23

Belcastro, Sarah-Marie, and Jean Marie Moran. "Interpretations of Feminist Philosophy of Science by Feminist Physical Scientists." NWSA Journal 15, no. 1 (April 2003): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/nws.2003.15.1.20.

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24

Reiss, H. R. "Dependence of physical interpretations on the choice of electromagnetic gauge." Laser Physics 19, no. 8 (July 15, 2009): 1626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1054660x09150365.

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25

Belevich, M. "Non-relativistic abstract continuum mechanics and its possible physical interpretations." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 41, no. 4 (January 15, 2008): 045401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/41/4/045401.

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26

Tudor-Locke, Catrine, Karla A. Henderson, Sara Wilcox, Rhonda S. Cooper, J. Larry Durstine, and Barbara E. Ainsworth. "In their own voices: definitions and interpretations of physical activity." Women's Health Issues 13, no. 5 (September 2003): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1049-3867(03)00038-0.

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27

Mei, Bing-Ang, Obaidallah Munteshari, Jonathan Lau, Bruce Dunn, and Laurent Pilon. "Physical Interpretations of Nyquist Plots for EDLC Electrodes and Devices." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 194–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b10582.

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28

McTeer, William, and James E. Curtis. "Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being: Testing Alternative Sociological Interpretations." Sociology of Sport Journal 7, no. 4 (December 1990): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.7.4.329.

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This study examines the relationship between physical activity in sport and feelings of well-being, testing alternative interpretations of the relationship between these two variables. It was expected that there would be positive relationships between physical activity on the one hand and physical fitness, feelings of well-being, social interaction in the sport and exercise environment, and socioeconomic status on the other hand. It was also expected that physical fitness, social interaction, and socioeconomic status would be positively related to psychological well-being. Further, it was expected that any positive zero-order relationship of physical activity and well-being would be at least in part a result of the conjoint effects of the other variables. The analyses were conducted separately for the male and female subsamples of a large survey study of Canadian adults. The results, after controls, show a modest positive relationship of physical activity and well-being for males but no such relationship for females. The predicted independent effects of the control factors obtained for both males and females. Interpretations of the results are discussed.

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29

Khvostov, Vladislav, Árni Gunnar Ásgeirsson, and Árni Kristjánsson. "Does selective attention utilize physical feature values or perceptual interpretations?" Journal of Vision 24, no. 10 (September 15, 2024): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.24.10.547.

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30

Lopez Armengol, Federico G., and Gustavo E. Romero. "Interpretation Misunderstandings about Elementary Quantum Mechanics." Metatheoria – Revista de Filosofía e Historia de la Ciencia 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.48160/18532330me7.154.

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Анотація:

Quantum Mechanics is a fundamental physical theory about atomic-scale processes. It was built between 1920 and 1940 by the most distinguished physicists of that time. The accordance between the predictions of the theory and experimental results is remarkable. The physical interpretation of its mathematical constructs, however, raised unprecedented controversies. Ontological, semantic, and epistemic vagueness abound in the orthodox interpretations and have resulted in serious misunderstandings that are often repeated in textbooks and elsewhere. In this work, we identify, criticize, and clarify the most spread ones.

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31

FAN, YI-ZHONG, BING ZHANG, and JIN CHANG. "ELECTRON/POSITRON EXCESSES IN THE COSMIC RAY SPECTRUM AND POSSIBLE INTERPRETATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 13 (November 2010): 2011–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018268.

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Анотація:

The data collected by ATIC, PPB-BETS, FERMI-LAT and HESS all indicate that there is an electron/positron excess in the cosmic ray energy spectrum above ~100 GeV, although different instrumental teams do not agree on the detailed spectral shape. PAMELA also reported clearly the excessive feature of the fraction of positron above several GeV, but with no excess in antiprotons. Here we review the observational status and theoretical models of this interesting observational feature. We pay special attention to various physical interpretations proposed in the literature, including modified supernova remnant models for the e± background, new astrophysical sources, and new physics (the dark matter models). We suggest that although most models can make a case to interpret the data, with the current observational constraints the dark matter interpretations, especially those invoking annihilation, require much more exotic assumptions than some other astrophysical interpretations. Future observations may present some "smoking-gun" observational tests to differentiate different models and to identify the correct interpretation of the phenomenon.

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32

Robson, Charles W., and Marco Ornigotti. "Take the A-Metric: Interpretations of Some Known Solutions of Einstein’s Vacuum Field Equations." Universe 8, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8030183.

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In this work, we present a new interpretation of the only static vacuum solution of Einstein’s field equations with planar symmetry, the Taub solution. This solution is a member of the AIII class of metrics, along with the type D Kasner solution. Various interpretations of these solutions have been put forward previously in the literature, however, some of these interpretations have suspect features and are not generally considered physical. Using a simple mathematical analysis, we show that a novel interpretation of the Taub solution is possible and that it naturally emerges from the radial, near-singularity limit of negative-mass Schwarzschild spacetime. A new, more transparent derivation is also given, showing that the type D Kasner metric can be interpreted as a region of spacetime deep within a positive-mass Schwarzschild black hole. The dual nature of this class of A-metrics is thereby demonstrated.

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33

Arredondo, Elva M., Tamar Mendelson, Christina Holub, Nancy Espinoza, and Simon Marshall. "Cultural Adaptation of Physical Activity Self-Report Instruments." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 9, s1 (January 2012): S37—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.9.s1.s37.

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Context:The validity of physical activity (PA) self-report measures can be a problem when using these measures with target populations that differ from the population for which the measures were originally developed.Objectives:Describe an approach to further tailor PA self-report measures to a target community, and report on focus group and cognitive interview findings.Process:Topics relevant to culturally tailoring measures are discussed, including translation, focus groups, and cognitive interviews. We describe examples from our own work, including focus groups and cognitive interviews conducted to assess Latinos’ interpretations of PA questions derived from various epidemiological surveys that were developed in White communities.Findings:Findings from focus groups and cognitive interviews provide valuable information about the comprehension, interpretation, and cultural relevance of the PA questions to Latino communities.Conclusions:It is recommended that investigators collect formative data to better assess the equivalence of items being applied to a different cultural group. Guidelines for cultural attunement of self-report instruments are described to promote more uniform and rigorous processes of adaptation and facilitate cross-cultural investigations.

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34

Islamiyah, Aqidatul, A. Faizul Mubin, and Zubeir Mohamad Nur Sholeh. "Concept of Qiwāmah in the Perspective of Feminist Activists Amina Wadud and Zainab al-Ghazali." An-Nur International Journal of The Quran & Hadith 2, no. 1 (May 20, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.62032/aijqh.v1i1.31.

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The debate on the leadership roles of men and women (qiwāmah) in Islam is often associated with different interpretations of religious texts. This article aims to uncover and compare the concept of "qiwāmah" through the interpretation of Surah al-Nisa': 34 from the perspective of two female feminist figures, Amina Wadud and Zainab al-Ghazalī, who have different backgrounds. The qualitative comparative method is used in this research, using library research techniques for data collection. This study analyzes data related to their interpretations and views of the Quranic text through their various works, identifying similarities and differences in the interpretation of the Quran. The findings of this study show that there are different interpretations of the meaning of "qiwāmah". Wadud argues that "qiwāmah" signifies relative leadership based on "capability", where anyone capable, regardless of gender, is entitled to lead others. In contrast, Zainab views leadership based on "responsibility", where men are providers for women, reflecting an equal role between the two. In conclusion, both scholars support gender justice and equality, rejecting the notion that the concept of leadership in the Quran is reserved for men due to physical or rational creation factors, and thus opposing domination where the strong can oppress the weak.

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Bhattacharjee, Prosanta Kumar. "Abdominal examination: Invaluable clinical findings and their interpretations." IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences 4, no. 4 (January 15, 2023): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jsas.2022.024.

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A thorough history, which may continue till the end of the consultation, helps the clinician understand the possible disease condition, its severity, and the overall physical & mental status of the patient. Physical examination, which practically starts as soon as the doctor meets the patient, builds upon these observations. After completing the general examinations attention should be directed to the examination of all the systems with special emphasis on the system related to his complaints i.e., an abdominal examination in case the patient has abdominal complaints. Assimilation of the clinical observations will enable one to arrive at a probable diagnosis.

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36

Lyons, Anthony P., and Douglas A. Abraham. "Novel physical interpretations of seafloor scattering leading to K‐distributed clutter." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 110, no. 5 (November 2001): 2767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4777684.

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37

Maday, Yvon, Anthony T, James D. Penn, and Masayuki Yano. "PBDW State Estimation: Noisy Observations; Configuration-Adaptive Background Spaces; Physical Interpretations." ESAIM: Proceedings and Surveys 50 (March 2015): 144–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc/201550008.

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38

Xiong, Yongkang, and Yongqiang Ye. "Physical Interpretations of Grid Voltage Full Feedforward for Grid-Tied Inverter." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 66, no. 2 (February 2019): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2018.2850041.

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39

Karagiannopoulos, C. G., P. D. Bourkas, C. T. Dervos, and C. A. Kagarakis. "Physical interpretations concerning nonlinear conductivity phenomena across no-load switching contacts." IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology 14, no. 1 (March 1991): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/33.76523.

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40

Jeong, Hyunhwan, and Joono Cheong. "Evaluation of 3D grasps with physical interpretations using object wrench space." Robotica 30, no. 3 (July 11, 2011): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574711000713.

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SUMMARYIn this paper we propose an intuitive and practical grasp quality measure for grasping 3D objects with a multi-fingered robot hand. The proposed measure takes into account the object geometries through the concept of object wrench space. Physically, the positive measure value has a meaning of the minimum single disturbance that grasp cannot resist, while the negative measure value implies the minimum necessary helping force that restores a non-force-closure grasp into a force-closure one. We show that the measure value is invariant between similar grasps and also between different torque origins. We verify the validity of the proposed measure via simulations by using computer models of a three-fingered robot hand and polygonal objects.

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41

Gavela, M. B., and N. Parga. "Ward identities and the physical interpretations of anomalies in stochastic quantization." Physics Letters B 174, no. 3 (July 1986): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(86)91108-1.

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42

Khvostov, Vladislav, Árni Gunnar Ásgeirsson, and Árni Kristjánsson. "Are attentional templates based on physical feature values or perceptual interpretations?" Journal of Vision 23, no. 9 (August 1, 2023): 5136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.23.9.5136.

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Franco, Nicolas. "Physical models from noncommutative causality." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202043.

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We introduced few years ago a new notion of causality for noncommutative spacetimes directly related to the Dirac operator and the concept of Lorentzian spectral triple. In this paper, we review in a non-technical way the noncommutative causal structure of many toy models as almost commutative spacetimes and the Moyal-Weyl spacetime. We show that those models present some unexpected physical interpretations as a geometrical explanation of the Zitterbewegung trembling motion of a fermion as well as some geometrical constraints on translations and energy jumps of wave packets on the Moyal spacetime.

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Aulia, Aulia, and Muhammad Taufiq. "Body Shaming dalam Perspektif Tafsir Al-Mishbah dan Implikasinya pada Realitas Kekinian." Asian Journal of Islamic Studies and Da'wah 1, no. 1 (September 20, 2023): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/ajisd.v1i1.1824.

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Allah mentions in one of His words, namely QS. Al-Isra/17: 70 that humans are given advantages over all the creatures that Allah created on this earth, among which humans generally have good physique, the ability to think, freedom of will and knowledge, but not many people have If you want to think about His Word, nowadays it is very easy to find a number of people saying inappropriate words towards each other, especially regarding someone's physical appearance or appearance. This term is known as body shaming, which is an act of physical shaming, an appearance that makes the person feel insecure about their physical appearance. The problem discussed in this research is regarding body shaming verses and the effectiveness of these interpretations in contemporary reality. Meanwhile, this type of research is included in the type of library research, namely by reading and reviewing a number of literature related to the research problem, then processing it and drawing out the common threads. The interpretation method in this research is the mawdhu'iy method which was popularized by Al-Farmawi. The conclusion from the results of this research is a general description of body shaming which consists of the definition, causes and impacts. Then it was added with an introduction to Tafsir Al-Mishbah which was accompanied by its interpretation of several verses, including the QS. al-Hujurat/49: 11, QS. at-Taubah/9: 79, QS. al-Humazah/104:1 and QS. al-Hijr/15:11, from a number of interpretations these are then implicated in contemporary reality. A number of meanings were found in Quraish Shihab's interpretation, including the loss of human feeling in protecting one's word, the loss of a sense of equality, and the loss of human values.

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45

Oldani, Richard. "Reference systems and their origins." Physics Essays 33, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-33.1.85.

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It is demonstrated how the choice of a reference system origin influences our interpretation of the natural laws. Instead of placing it arbitrarily as is customary in mechanics, we locate it at an energy minimum, or zero point of material systems. In an example from celestial mechanics, the sun defines the point of minimum gravitational potential and preferred origin for the planetary system. As a comparison, Heisenberg's derivation of quantum kinematics is shown to be deficient, because microscopes do not define the point of minimum energy of an atomic system. To improve upon it, new interpretations of quantum kinematics and mechanics are proposed by locating the reference system origin at the zero point of an atomic system, where the Hamiltonian, H = T + V, equals zero. Experiments with atomic clocks are cited in support of the new physical model. The Schwarzschild solution relative to a mass point is proposed as the preferred interpretation of a general relativity theory due to the location of the origin at a zero point. These interpretations of long-standing theories provide new points of view to familiar problems.

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46

Koshlakov, Dmitry. "Alexander von Humboldt’s Cosmos: Image? Concept? Conception!" Digital Scholar Philosopher s Lab 4, no. 1 (2021): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32326/2618-9267-2021-4-1-69-86.

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The key term for the scientific discourse of Alexander von Humboldt is “Kosmos”. The paper interprets the term in connection with an idea, which is widespread in modern Russian philosophy, that conception as a special epistemic object is an alternative to the logical concept. This study substantiates the statement according to which Alexander von Humboldt in his widely known work Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe combines scientific and aesthetic perception of reality. The author makes an assumption that the term “Kosmos” encodes an epistemic object that combines the properties of concept and image and is a conception. For its investigation, the author discusses a few interpretations of the conception as a phenomenon: 1) the equivocalist interpretation, which sees conception as an ambiguous semantic formation, combining transcendent and immanent meanings; 2) the imaginistic interpretation, which considers conception as a semantic entity that has not evolved to an abstract concept; 3) the emotive interpretation, which interprets conception as an emotional semantic entity; this entity is object of thinking and object of emotional experience; 4) the linguo-philosophical interpretation, which considers conception as an element of the conceptual framework of language and thinking. The paper demonstrates that each of indicated interpretations of the conception corresponds to the sense of Humboldt’s term “Kosmos”.

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47

Pérez-Jara, Javier. "Quantum Mechanics and Inclusive Materialism." Philosophies 9, no. 5 (September 3, 2024): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies9050140.

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Since its inception, the intricate mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics has empowered physicists to describe and predict specific physical events known as quantum processes. However, this success in probabilistic predictions has been accompanied by a profound challenge in the ontological interpretation of the theory. This interpretative complexity stems from two key aspects. Firstly, quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that, so far, is not derivable from any more basic scientific theory. Secondly, it delves into a realm of invisible phenomena that often contradicts our intuitive and commonsensical notions of matter and causality. Despite its notorious difficulties of interpretation, the most widely accepted set of views of quantum phenomena has been known as the Copenhagen interpretation since the beginning of quantum mechanics. According to these views, the correct ontological interpretation of quantum mechanics is incompatible with ontological realism in general and with philosophical materialism in particular. Anti-realist and anti-materialist interpretations of quantum matter have survived until today. This paper discusses these perspectives, arguing that materialistic interpretations of quantum mechanics are compatible with its mathematical formalism, while anti-realist and anti-materialist views are based on wrong philosophical assumptions. However, although physicalism provides a better explanation for quantum phenomena than idealism, its downward reductionism prevents it from accounting for more complex forms of matter, such as biological or sociocultural systems. Thus, the paper argues that neither physicalism nor idealism can explain the universe. I propose then a non-reductionistic form of materialism called inclusive materialism. The conclusion is that the acknowledgment of the qualitative irreducibility of ontological emergent levels above the purely physical one does not deny philosophical materialism but enriches it.

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Ghosh, Sutanuka. "Literary Ecology in Nineteenth-Century Bengal." Victorian Literature and Culture 51, no. 1 (2023): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150322000158.

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The project Literary Ecology in Nineteenth-Century Bengal has been investigating the representation and interpretation of the relationship between humans and nonhuman nature in the context of the radical transformations in the physical and ideological landscapes that characterized nineteenth-century Bengal. We are examining the diverse political, economic and scientific influences that shaped the narrative trajectory of literary ecology in nineteenth-century Bengal, which subsequently went on to influence understandings, representations, and interpretations of ecological concerns in the twentieth century.

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49

CORNWALL, JOHN M. "POSITIVITY VIOLATIONS IN QCD." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 38 (December 4, 2013): 1330035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313300358.

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Both lattice simulations and theoretical studies show that the spectral function of the gluon propagator of QCD (in various gauges, as well as for the gauge-invariant Pinch Technique, or PT, propagator) is not nonnegative everywhere, although it should be if it has a physical interpretation as in QED. Theory says moreover that the non-positive spectral function of the Landau-gauge or of the PT gluon propagator is further constrained to obey a superconvergence relation (the integral of the spectral function vanishes). We review the theoretical and lattice evidence for violation of positivity as well as various interpretations of this violation, and consider methods for checking superconvergence on the lattice (so far undone). The most common interpretation is that positivity violation implies confinement of gluons, so the gluon propagator does not describe processes with physical gluons. Another more direct and gauge-invariant interpretation arises from the PT: Asymptotic freedom alone demands non-positivity and superconvergence.

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Shkliarevsky, Gennady. "Quantum Discontents, or What Is Wrong with Our Science Practice." Philosophies 3, no. 4 (November 23, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies3040040.

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For more than eighty years, quantum theory (QT) has dominated physical science. This domination remains unchallenged to this day. Some physicists celebrate this remarkable stability. Others lament this fact and argue that QT inhibits our understanding of physical reality. They feel that numerous problems that have accumulated in physical science require stepping beyond the horizon outlined by QT. The article offers a critical examination of the foundational assumptions of QT that shape its practice. It uses two interpretations of QT as case studies—Copenhagen interpretation and the theoretical perspective advanced by American physicist David Bohm—to explain one major problem that continues to plague our study of physics. The article sketches a path to a possible solution and outlines a new science practice that this solution will require.

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