Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Phtalates – Analyse"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Phtalates – Analyse":
Gnansia, Elisabeth. "Exposition aux phtalates et neurodéveloppement : revue systématique de la littérature et méta-analyse des données épidémiologiques humaines." Environnement Risques Santé 20, no. 2 (April 2021): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1532.
Shi, X., C. Hu, S. Cai, X. Tao, Y. Zhou, H. Smidt, and B. Ye. "Protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum strain P1 against toxicity of the environmental oestrogen di-n-butyl phthalate in rats." Beneficial Microbes 11, no. 8 (December 2, 2020): 803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2019.0181.
Дисертації з теми "Phtalates – Analyse":
Descat, Amandine. "Développements de méthodes d'analyse des plastifiants de type phtalates et des acides biliaires dans des matrices biologiques : applications dans différents contextes physiopathologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILS054.
This thesis has two main focuses:1/ Plasticizers, including phthalates, have been identified as category 1b carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic (CMR) and as endocrine disruptors. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most common plasticizers and is generally associated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in medical devices. As DEHP is not covalently bound to PVC, it can easily migrate into lipophilic matrices and then reach the bloodstream. It is metabolized by the liver into mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), which is just as toxic. In recent years, alternative plasticizers to DEHP have been developed, notably di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHT), which is metabolized in vivo to mono-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (MEHT).The first part of this thesis involved developing methods for measuring plasticizers and their metabolites in various biological matrices, such as plasma. Two LC-MS/MS methods were developed for the determination of DEHP and MEHP as well as DEHT metabolites. As the ionization in mass spectrometry of DEHT is very low, a LC-UV method was developed to quantify this terephthalate. These methods have made it possible to estimate the release of DEHP and DEHT from blood bags and to measure their primary metabolites in blood products.2/ Bile acids (BA) are a large family of steroids made up of numerous species. They are synthesized in the liver and intestine and represent the main route of cholesterol catabolism. 7a-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) is the precursor of BA. BA play an essential role in lipid absorption but also in cell signaling, as they are ligands for the nuclear receptor 'Farnesoid X receptor' (FXR) and/or the G protein-coupled membrane receptor, TGR5. These receptors, and hence their ligands, are involved in glucose homeostasis, lipid homeostasis and energy expenditure. Any modulation of the BA profile can therefore lead to changes in metabolic homeostasis. The second part of this thesis involved developing two LC-MS/MS assay methods for 31 BA species and C4 in different biological matrices, including plasma. A specific method for the determination of recently described BA derived from LCA in caecal contents is currently being optimized. These methods have made it possible to analyze variations in the BA profile in various cardiometabolic disease contexts (obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, NAFLD).In conclusion, the analytical methods developed for quantifying plasticizers and BA have been validated and applied in preclinical and clinical studies. Interestingly, data from the literature and preliminary transient transfection assays have shown that phthalates and their metabolites modulate the activity of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa), a key regulator of metabolic homeostasis and expression of CYP7A1 (a major enzyme in hepatic BA synthesis). The analytical tools developed in this thesis open up original perspectives for studying the effects of phthalates on metabolic homeostasis via the regulation of BA metabolism. All of this work has made it possible to link analytical developments and applications in the field of biology and health
Amir, Soumia. "Contribution a la valorisation de boues de stations d'épuration par compostage : devenir des micropolluants metalliques et organiques et bilan du compost." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000074/.
The valorisation of sewage sludges after lagooning by composting with straw estimated by the agronomic and environmental quality of the final product was evaluated by GPC on Sephadex, elementary analysis, UV-Vis, FT- IR, NMR-C13, ICP/MS, GC/MS et TMAH/GC/MS at different stages of the process. The speciation of the bioavailable metallic trace elements (2% of the initial MTE) shows that they decrease in favour to the resistant forms. The biotransformation of the organic micropollutants (PAH, phthalates) is expressed in terms of biodegradation or polycondensation towards to the incriminated phase. The structural characterization of humic and fulvic acids is discussed in terms of aromaticity or functional conservation in relationships to molecular weight, incriminated aromatic structures, potential polycondensations and neo-synthesis by successive micro-organisms according to the stabilization or maturation step
Yedji, Rodrigue. "Perturbateurs endocriniens de type phtalate et poisson zèbre Danio rerio : approche chémoprotéomique pour l'identification des cibles et recherche de signatures d'exposition." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0106.
Phthalate esters are a family of synthetic compounds widely used as plasticisers. They are used in a number of plastic products such as packaging, toys, cosmetics, plastic roofing system and furniture decoration materials. Phthalates are not covalently bonded to the polymer matrix and are therefore easily released into the environment, resulting in animal and human exposure. In the absence of non-toxic substitutes, phthalate compounds are still widely used in industry, despite the classification of some of them by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) as suspected toxic substances and as endocrine disruptors. In addition, they are carcinogenic and teratogenic. The deleterious effect of phthalate esters on organisms is established, but the multiple nature of the effects observed shows that the mechanisms of action of phthalates are only partially elucidated. We used two targeted proteomics approaches to shed light on the mechanisms of action of phthalate esters. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was used as a model phthalate and zebrafish (D. rerio) as a model organism. Using the first targeted proteomics approach, affinity-based protein profiling (AfBPP), the functional disruption of proteins by DBP with photoaffinity probes from aryl azide synthesis was demonstrated. Optimisation of the binding conditions for diazirine probes (Diazirine 2) should provide us with a probe that can be used to identify DBP protein targets in the zebrafish proteome. The second approach, activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), used a reactive probe specific for serine hydrolases (SHs) to map active SHs in the zebrafish proteome for the first time. The identification of deregulated SHs in the presence of DBP in zebrafish larvae was also reported in this study. Overall, our results indicate that targeted proteomics approaches such as ABPP or AfBPP can be an asset for understanding xenobiotic-related mechanisms of action in ecotoxicology