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Статті в журналах з теми "Photonic correlation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 29 березня 2025

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1

Chen, Shuyu, Long Wu, Lu Xu, Yong Zhang, and Jianlong Zhang. "Photonic Signal Processing in Phase-Coded Lidar System." Photonics 10, no. 5 (May 21, 2023): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050598.

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The next generation of lidar systems needs to adapt to variable environments with broadened bandwidth for increased resolution. Due to their digital components, conventional lidar systems, especially imaging lidar systems, suffer from limited detector bandwidth and sampling frequency. However, photonics devices can provide a reliable technical solution with high precision and ultra-broad bandwidth. This paper presents a photonic signal processing structure for a phase-coded lidar system. Two acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) are adopted in the proposed architecture. One is used for phase-coded laser signal modulation, and the other is used for demodulation. The echo laser signal is directed to the AOM performing demodulation before the sampling of the detector, accomplishing the multiplication of the echo laser signal and the electric reference signal. The detector is controlled to accumulate the demodulated laser signal. The AOM and detector transfer the correlation calculation from electrical signals processing to photonic signals processing. This photonics-based structure greatly decreases the sampling frequency of the detector without extending the width of the laser pulses, which achieves high resolution with low sampling speed. Photonic signal processing has the promising potential of simultaneously processing signals of multiple pixels. It is going to be an effective solution for imaging lidar systems to increase resolution with available low-cost devices.

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2

Vatarescu, Andre. "Instantaneous Quantum Description of Photonic Wavefronts and Applications." Quantum Beam Science 6, no. 4 (September 30, 2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs6040029.

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Three physical elements are missing from the conventional formalism of quantum photonics: (1) the quantum Rayleigh spontaneous and stimulated emissions; (2) the unavoidable parametric amplification; and (3) the mixed time-frequency spectral structure of a photonic field which specifies its duration or spatial extent. As a single photon enters a dielectric medium, the quantum Rayleigh scattering prevents it from propagating in a straight-line, thereby destroying any possible entanglement. A pure dynamic and coherent state composed of two consecutive number states, delivers the correct expectation values for the number of photons carried by a photonic wave front, its complex optical field, and phase quadratures. The intrinsic longitudinal and lateral field profiles associated with a group of photons for any instantaneous number of photons are independent of the source. These photonic properties enable a step-by-step analysis of the correlation functions characterizing counting of coincident numbers of photons or intensities with unity visibility interference, spanning the classical and quantum optic regimes.

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3

Hsiao, Fu-Li, Hsin-Feng Lee, Su-Chao Wang, Yu-Ming Weng, and Ying-Pin Tsai. "Artificial Neural Network for Photonic Crystal Band Structure Prediction in Different Geometric Parameters and Refractive Indexes." Electronics 12, no. 8 (April 9, 2023): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12081777.

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In this study, an artificial neural network that can predict the band structure of 2-D photonic crystals is developed. Three kinds of photonic crystals in a square lattice, triangular lattice, and honeycomb lattice and two kinds of materials with different refractive indices are investigated. Using the length of the wave vectors in the reduced Brillouin zone, band number, r/a ratio, and the refractive indices as the dataset, the desired ANN is trained to predict the eigenfrequencies of the photonic modes and depict the photonic band structures with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. By increasing the number of neurons in the hidden layer, the correlation coefficient can be further increased over 0.999.

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4

Bourdarot, G., H. Guillet de Chatellus, and J.-P. Berger. "Toward a large bandwidth photonic correlator for infrared heterodyne interferometry." Astronomy & Astrophysics 639 (July 2020): A53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937368.

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Context. Infrared heterodyne interferometry has been proposed as a practical alternative for recombining a large number of telescopes over kilometric baselines in the mid-infrared. However, the current limited correlation capacities impose strong restrictions on the sensitivity of this appealing technique. Aims. In this paper, we propose to address the problem of transport and correlation of wide-bandwidth signals over kilometric distances by introducing photonic processing in infrared heterodyne interferometry. Methods. We describe the architecture of a photonic double-sideband correlator for two telescopes, along with the experimental demonstration of this concept on a proof-of-principle test bed. Results. We demonstrate the a posteriori correlation of two infrared signals previously generated on a two-telescope simulator in a double-sideband photonic correlator. A degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio of 13%, equivalent to a noise factor NF = 1.15, is obtained through the correlator, and the temporal coherence properties of our input signals are retrieved from these measurements. Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that photonic processing can be used to correlate heterodyne signals with a potentially large increase of detection bandwidth. These developments open the way to photonic processing of wide bandwidth signals for mid-infrared heterodyne interferometry, in particular for a large number of telescopes and for direct imager recombiners.

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5

Harten, P. A., R. Osborne, B. Trouvé, and U. Gruhler. "Photonic packet processor using a new correlation technique." Electronics Letters 30, no. 18 (September 1, 1994): 1509–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19941029.

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6

Cao, Lianzhen, Xia Liu, Yang Yang, Qinwei Zhang, Jiaqiang Zhao, and Huaixin Lu. "Experimentally Demonstrate the Spin-1 Information Entropic Inequality Based on Simulated Photonic Qutrit States." Entropy 22, no. 2 (February 15, 2020): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020219.

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Quantum correlations of higher-dimensional systems are an important content of quantum information theory and quantum information application. The quantification of quantum correlation of high-dimensional quantum systems is crucial, but difficult. In this paper, using the second-order nonlinear optical effect and multiphoton interference enhancement effect, we experimentally implement the photonic qutrit states and demonstrate the spin-1 information entropic inequality for the first time to quantitative quantum correlation. Our work shows that information entropy is an important way to quantify quantum correlation and quantum information processing.

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7

Krupke, Ralph. "(Invited) Correlation Measurements for Carbon Nanotubes with Quantum Defects." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 9 (August 9, 2024): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-019893mtgabs.

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Single-photon sources are one of the essential building blocks for the development of photonic quantum technology. In terms of potential practical application, an on-demand electrically driven quantum-light emitter on a chip is notably crucial for integrating photonic integrated circuits. Here, we propose functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistors as a promising solid-state quantum-light source by demonstrating photon antibunching behavior via electrical excitation. The sp3 quantum defects were formed on the surface of (7, 5) carbon nanotubes by 3,5-dichlorophenyl functionalization, and individual carbon nanotubes were wired to graphene electrode pairs. Filtered electroluminescent defect-state emission at 77 K was coupled into a Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment setup, and single-photon emission was observed by performing second-order correlation function measurements. We discuss the dependence of the intensity correlation measurement on excitation power and emission wavelength highlighting the challenges of performing such measurements while simultaneously analyzing acquired data. Our results indicate a route toward room-temperature electrically-triggered single-photon emission.

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8

Burkov, A. A., and A. Yu Zyuzin. "Correlation function of speckle in reflection from photonic paint." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters 63, no. 11 (June 1996): 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.567107.

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9

Funk, E. E., and M. Bashkansky. "Microwave photonic direct-sequence transmitter and heterodyne correlation receiver." Journal of Lightwave Technology 21, no. 12 (December 2003): 2962–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2003.822261.

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10

Daria, Vincent R. "Holographic photonic neuron." Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 024009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac3ba5.

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Abstract The promise of artificial intelligence (AI) to process complex datasets has brought about innovative computing paradigms. While recent developments in quantum-photonic computing have reached significant feats, mimicking our brain’s ability to recognize images are poorly integrated in these ventures. Here, I incorporate orbital angular momentum (OAM) states in a classical Vander Lugt optical correlator to create the holographic photonic neuron (HoloPheuron). The HoloPheuron can memorize an array of matched filters in a single phase-hologram, which is derived by linking OAM states with elements in the array. Successful correlation is independent of intensity and yields photons with OAM states of lℏ, which can be used as a transmission protocol or qudits for quantum computing. The unique OAM identifier establishes the HoloPheuron as a fundamental AI device for pattern recognition that can be scaled and integrated with other computing platforms to build-up a robust neuromorphic quantum-photonic processor.

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11

Chen, Lawrence R., Maria-Iulia Comanici, Parisa Moslemi, Jingjing Hu, and Peter Kung. "A Review of Recent Results on Simultaneous Interrogation of Multiple Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Sensors Using Microwave Photonics." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020298.

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We review recent results on exploiting microwave photonics to enable simultaneous interrogation of multiple fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors. In particular, we describe the use of (1) microwave photonic filtering and (2) chirped microwave pulse generation and compression as a means to map the wavelength (spectral) changes in the response of FBG-based sensors (specifically, an in-fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity sensor based on FBGs, FBG sensors directly, and a linearly chirped FBG sensor) to applied temperature (or strain) to the power of a radio-frequency signal (i.e., a wavelength-to-power mapping) or to the correlation peak of the compressed microwave signal. The approaches support high-resolution and high-speed interrogation and can be suitable for large scale sensing networks.

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12

Chen, Xinyu, Renjie Li, Yueyao Yu, Yuanwen Shen, Wenye Li, Yin Zhang, and Zhaoyu Zhang. "POViT: Vision Transformer for Multi-Objective Design and Characterization of Photonic Crystal Nanocavities." Nanomaterials 12, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 4401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12244401.

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We study a new technique for solving the fundamental challenge in nanophotonic design: fast and accurate characterization of nanoscale photonic devices with minimal human intervention. Much like the fusion between Artificial Intelligence and Electronic Design Automation (EDA), many efforts have been made to apply deep neural networks (DNN) such as convolutional neural networks to prototype and characterize next-gen optoelectronic devices commonly found in Photonic Integrated Circuits. However, state-of-the-art DNN models are still far from being directly applicable in the real world: e.g., DNN-produced correlation coefficients between target and predicted physical quantities are about 80%, which is much lower than what it takes to generate reliable and reproducible nanophotonic designs. Recently, attention-based transformer models have attracted extensive interests and been widely used in Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing. In this work, we for the first time propose a Transformer model (POViT) to efficiently design and simulate photonic crystal nanocavities with multiple objectives under consideration. Unlike the standard Vision Transformer, our model takes photonic crystals as input data and changes the activation layer from GELU to an absolute-value function. Extensive experiments show that POViT significantly improves results reported by previous models: correlation coefficients are increased by over 12% (i.e., to 92.0%) and prediction errors are reduced by an order of magnitude, among several key metric improvements. Our work has the potential to drive the expansion of EDA to fully automated photonic design (i.e., PDA). The complete dataset and code will be released to promote research in the interdisciplinary field of materials science/physics and computer science.

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13

Gao, Jun, Lu-Feng Qiao, Xiao-Feng Lin, Zhi-Qiang Jiao, Zhen Feng, Zheng Zhou, Zhen-Wei Gao, et al. "Non-classical photon correlation in a two-dimensional photonic lattice." Optics Express 24, no. 12 (June 1, 2016): 12607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.012607.

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14

Wang, Xiaochun, Meicheng Fu, Heng Yang, Jiali Liao, and Xiujian Li. "Temperature and Pulse-Energy Range Suitable for Femtosecond Pulse Transmission in Si Nanowire Waveguide." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 8429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238429.

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We experimentally measured the femtosecond pulse transmission through a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) nanowire waveguide under different temperatures and input pulse energy with a cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating (XFROG) measurement setup. The experimental results demonstrated that the temperature and pulse energy dependence of the Si photonic nanowire waveguide (SPNW) is interesting rather than just monotonous or linear, and that the suitable temperature and pulse-energy range is as suggested in this experiment, which will be valuable for analyzing the practical design of the operating regimes and the fine dispersion engineering of various ultrafast photonic applications based on the SPNWs. The research results will contribute to developing the SPNWs with photonic elements and networks compatible with mature complementary metal–oxide–semiconductors (CMOS).

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15

Bourdarot, Guillaume, Jean-Philippe Berger, and Hugues Guillet de Chatellus. "Bi-directional frequency shifting loops for real-time processing of broadband RF signals." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 07024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328707024.

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Analog photonic techniques can perform better than conventional digital electronics, which have significant limitations when it comes to processing fast RF signals on the fly. We show that a simple photonic architecture, based on a bi-directional frequency-shifting loop, makes it possible to calculate in real time the cross-correlation function of two broadband signals for about 200 values of their delay simultaneously. Additionally, our architecture also enables to perform spectral analysis of signals with 16 GHz instantaneous bandwidth, 100 % probability of interception, and detection electronics below 10 MSa/s.

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16

Ücker, Cátia L., Vitor Goetzke, Fábio C. Riemke, Marcelo L. Vitale, Lucas R. Q. de Andrade, Maicon D. Ücker, Eduardo C. Moreira, Mário L. Moreira, Cristiane W. Raubach, and Sérgio S. Cava. "Multi-Photonic behavior of Nb2O5 and its correlation with synthetic methods." Journal of Materials Science 56, no. 13 (January 12, 2021): 7889–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-05770-z.

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17

Cui, Liang, Xiaoying Li, and Ningbo Zhao. "Minimizing the frequency correlation of photon pairs in photonic crystal fibers." New Journal of Physics 14, no. 12 (December 4, 2012): 123001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/14/12/123001.

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18

Kitayama, K., N. Wada, and H. Sotobayashi. "Architectural considerations for photonic IP router based upon optical code correlation." Journal of Lightwave Technology 18, no. 12 (2000): 1834–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.908749.

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19

Sun, Ke, Jun Gao, Ming-Ming Cao, Zhi-Qiang Jiao, Yu Liu, Zhan-Ming Li, Eilon Poem, et al. "Mapping and measuring large-scale photonic correlation with single-photon imaging." Optica 6, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optica.6.000244.

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20

Wang, Yao, Xiao-Ling Pang, Yong-Heng Lu, Jun Gao, Yi-Jun Chang, Lu-Feng Qiao, Zhi-Qiang Jiao, Hao Tang, and Xian-Min Jin. "Topological protection of two-photon quantum correlation on a photonic chip." Optica 6, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optica.6.000955.

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21

Rockstuhl, Carsten, Ulf Peschel, and Falk Lederer. "Correlation between single-cylinder properties and bandgap formation in photonic structures." Optics Letters 31, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.31.001741.

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22

Kalizhanova, Aliya, Murat Kunelbayev, Waldemar Wojcik, Ainur Kozbakova, Baydaulet Urmashev, and Assiyat Akhustova. "Demodulation and Vibration Signal Systems for Photonic Fiber Optic Pressure Sensor." International Journal of Mechanics 18 (February 7, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9104.2024.18.1.

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The article describes the optical elements of signal demodulation and polling systems from photonic pressure sensors on inclined fiber Bragg gratings, which are often used to measure the refractive index (RI). A new design of a photonic fiber-optic Bragg pressure sensor with an inclined lattice has been developed, which is connected to standard multimode fibers with an inclined Bragg lattice connected to a metal diaphragm, which is a deformed inclined cantilever. The light source is polarized using the first polarizer and directed to the photonic crystal fiber in such a way as to excite multimode fibers. In this work, a method was developed for determining the optical elements of the spectral contour length system, which consists of setting the cut-off wavelength and then determining the accompanying refractive index. An experimental study determined the curve of the chain length change in the set. To process random signals, the spatial correlation method is used in combination with an approach to digital images based on the number of lanes and the direction of movement. The experimental results differ from the theoretical ones by about 4%. The developed correlation method reflects frequency as well as randomness, it is used in the photographic process together with the image correction given in this document.

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23

Wang, Michelle, Cooper Doyle, Bryn Bell, Matthew J. Collins, Eric Magi, Benjamin J. Eggleton, Mordechai Segev, and Andrea Blanco-Redondo. "Topologically protected entangled photonic states." Nanophotonics 8, no. 8 (May 9, 2019): 1327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0058.

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AbstractEntangled multiphoton states lie at the heart of quantum information, computing, and communications. In recent years, topology has risen as a new avenue to robustly transport quantum states in the presence of fabrication defects, disorder, and other noise sources. Whereas topological protection of single photons and correlated photons has been recently demonstrated experimentally, the observation of topologically protected entangled states has thus far remained elusive. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the topological protection of spatially entangled biphoton states. We observe robustness in crucial features of the topological biphoton correlation map in the presence of deliberately introduced disorder in the silicon nanophotonic structure, in contrast with the lack of robustness in non-topological structures. The topological protection is shown to ensure the coherent propagation of the entangled topological modes, which may lead to robust propagation of quantum information in disordered systems.

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24

Froufe-Pérez, Luis S., Michael Engel, Juan José Sáenz, and Frank Scheffold. "Band gap formation and Anderson localization in disordered photonic materials with structural correlations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 36 (August 22, 2017): 9570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705130114.

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Disordered dielectric materials with structural correlations show unconventional optical behavior: They can be transparent to long-wavelength radiation, while at the same time have isotropic band gaps in another frequency range. This phenomenon raises fundamental questions concerning photon transport through disordered media. While optical transparency in these materials is robust against recurrent multiple scattering, little is known about other transport regimes like diffusive multiple scattering or Anderson localization. Here, we investigate band gaps, and we report Anderson localization in 2D disordered dielectric structures using numerical simulations of the density of states and optical transport statistics. The disordered structures are designed with different levels of positional correlation encoded by the degree of stealthiness χ. To establish a unified view, we propose a correlation-frequency (χ–ν) transport phase diagram. Our results show that, depending only on χ, a dielectric material can transition from localization behavior to a band gap crossing an intermediate regime dominated by tunneling between weakly coupled states.

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25

Tamáska, István, Krisztián Kertész, Zófia Vértesy, Zsolt Bálint, András Kun, Shen Horn Yen, and László Péter Biró. "Color Changes upon Cooling of Lepidoptera Scales Containing Photonic Nanoarchitectures." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.18.

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Photonic crystal type nanoarchitectures have an important advantage over conventional displays: they do not fade under solar illumination; on the contrary, more intense illumination generates more intense color. We present a simple method based on cooling in ambient air - to observe the color change of several butterfly wings colored by various photonic nanoarchitectures. The color change can be attributed to the condensation of atmospheric humidity in the nanocavities of the photonic nanoarchitecture. The effects were investigated by controlled cooling combined with the in-situ measurement of the changes in the reflectivity spectra. For certain species the reflectivity maximum (color) has almost completely disappeared. A correlation was also found between the openness of the nanostructure and the time of the color change. Cooling experiments, using thin copper wires showed that color alteration could be limited to millimeters; this may offer a possible alternative for display technology.

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26

Liu, Zhenye, Wenxin Zhang, Yu Qiao, Lili Qiu, and Zihui Meng. "Wearable photonic crystal double network hydrogel sensor based on structural color analysis." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2842, no. 1 (September 1, 2024): 012104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2842/1/012104.

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Abstract This paper introduces a high-toughness photonic crystal (PhCs) dual-network hydrogel sensor designed for mechanical sensing, which enables quantitative analysis of structural color using the HSB color space. The hydrogel achieves a maximum tensile strain of 250% under a tensile stress of 3.5 MPa, thanks to its dual-network structure comprising a covalently cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) network and an ionically cross-linked sodium alginate (SA) network. At an 80% tensile strain, the PAM-SA photonic crystal hydrogel displays a blue shift in the bandgap wavelength of over 130 nm and demonstrates a sensitivity of 1.69 nm/%. The analysis of the force-induced color change in the PAM-SA photonic crystal hydrogel utilized both RGB and HSB color spaces. In the HSB color space, the hue component (H) exhibited a strong linear correlation with strain (R2>0.95), indicating the feasibility of quantitative structural color analysis using HSB. As a wearable sensor, the PAM-SA photonic crystal hydrogel precisely detects human motion via bandgap displacement (R2=0.989) and structural color change (R2=0.978). The PAM-SA PhCs hydrogel, featuring easily accessible color information and high sensitivity, has broad potential applications in wearable devices and mechanical sensors.

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27

Wenger, Jérome, and Hervé Rigneault. "Photonic Methods to Enhance Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy and Single Molecule Fluorescence Detection." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2010): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms11010206.

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28

Li, Shuguang, Yanfeng Li, Yuanyuan Zhao, Guiyao Zhou, Ying Han, and Lantian Hou. "Correlation between the birefringence and the structural parameter in photonic crystal fiber." Optics & Laser Technology 40, no. 4 (June 2008): 663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2007.09.012.

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29

Bai, Xue-Min, Ning Wang, Jun-Qi Li, and J. Q. Liang. "The creation of quantum correlation and entropic uncertainty relation in photonic crystals." Quantum Information Processing 15, no. 7 (March 15, 2016): 2771–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11128-016-1299-7.

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30

Hong, Jun, Dongchu Chen, Zhiqiang Peng, Zulin Li, Yong Hu, and Jian Guo. "Cross-correlation technology for decreasing the noise figure of microwave photonic link." Optik 169 (September 2018): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.05.054.

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31

Li, Tian Long, Long Qiu Li, Lin Wang, Guang Yu Zhang, and Yao Li. "Numerical and Experimental Study of the Mechanical Properties of Photonic Crystal Film." Advanced Materials Research 531 (June 2012): 554–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.531.554.

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The photonic crystal which can perform total reflection for a range of frequencies of light can be used as thermal control coating, optical fiber and optical filter. The prediction and characterization of mechanical properties are crucial to improve the processing methods and optimize the structure of the films in order to sustain mechanical stresses. In terms of modeling and prediction of the mechanical properties, this work presents a finite element model for a photonic crystal film indented by a perfectly rigid sphere. In addition, the numerical solution is compared to the experimental results obtained by nanoindentation and shown a good correlation. The effect of the contact depth on the mechanical properties was also provided.

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32

Andre, Vatarescu. "An Open Letter to the 2022 Winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics." IgMin Research 2, no. 10 (October 28, 2024): 860–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.61927/igmin260.

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The theoretical concept of photonic quantum nonlocality cannot be implemented physically because of the quantum Rayleigh scattering of single photons. A distinction needs to be made between the correlation of individual, single measurements of pure states and the correlation of the measured ensembles of mixed states. The correlation operator of Pauli vector operators delivers the same probabilities of correlated detections of photons for both independent and multi-photon states as for ‘entangled’ states of photons. As single-photon sources are not needed, the design and implementation of quantum computing operations and other devices will be significantly streamlined.

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33

Jiang, Ping, Na Ma, Peng Liu, Wenxuan Wu, and Kai Zhang. "An Easy-Implemented On-Chip Waveguide Coupled Single Photon Source Based on Self-Assembled Quantum Dots Membrane." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020695.

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In recent years, many groups and institutions have been committed to the research of integrated quantum photonic circuit technologies, of which the key components are waveguide coupled single photon sources. In this study, we propose an on-chip waveguide-coupled single photon source that is easily implemented as the waveguide is directly made from the quantum dot membrane. In order to scatter light out of the on-chip waveguide plane into the detection apparatus, grating output couplers are made at both ends of the waveguide. The photon statistics of the on-chip photon source were investigated by second-order correlation function g(2)(τ) measurements using a Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometer. From the spectra and cross-correlation experiments by collecting emission at the point of quantum dot and out coupler, the emitting of single photons from the same quantum dot and propagating via the waveguide to the out couplers was confirmed. These results show that we have achieved an on-chip single photon source that is easily implemented and easily integrated into quantum photonic circuits.

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34

Zarifi, Atiyeh, Birgit Stiller, Moritz Merklein, and Benjamin Eggleton. "High Resolution Brillouin Sensing of Micro-Scale Structures." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122572.

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Brillouin distributed measurement techniques have been extensively developed for structural health monitoring using fibre optic nerve systems. The recent advancement in the spatial resolution capabilities of correlation-based Brillouin distributed technique have reached the sub-mm regime, making this approach a suitable candidate for monitoring and characterizing integrated photonic devices. The small dimension associated with the short length of these devices—on the order of the cm- and mm-scale—requires high sensitivity detection techniques and sub-mm spatial resolution. In this paper, we provide an overview of the different Brillouin sensing techniques in various micro-scale structures such as photonic crystal fibres, microfibres, and on-chip waveguides. We show how Brillouin sensing is capable of detecting fine transverse geometrical features with the sensitivity of a few nm and also extremely small longitudinal features on the order of a few hundreds of μ m . We focus on the technique of Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (BOCDA), which enables such high spatial resolution for mapping the opto-acoustic responses of micro-scale waveguides.

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35

Akbari Rokn Abadi, Saeedeh, Negin Hashemi Dijujin, and Somayyeh Koohi. "Optical pattern generator for efficient bio-data encoding in a photonic sequence comparison architecture." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): e0245095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245095.

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In this study, optical technology is considered as SA issues' solution with the potential ability to increase the speed, overcome memory-limitation, reduce power consumption, and increase output accuracy. So we examine the effect of bio-data encoding and the creation of input images on the pattern-recognition error-rate at the output of optical Vander-lugt correlator. Moreover, we present a genetic algorithm-based coding approach, named as GAC, to minimize output noises of cross-correlating data. As a case study, we adopt the proposed coding approach within a correlation-based optical architecture for counting k-mers in a DNA string. As verified by the simulations on Salmonella whole-genome, we can improve sensitivity and speed more than 86% and 81%, respectively, compared to BLAST by using coding set generated by GAC method fed to the proposed optical correlator system. Moreover, we present a comprehensive report on the impact of 1D and 2D cross-correlation approaches, as-well-as various coding parameters on the output noise, which motivate the system designers to customize the coding sets within the optical setup.

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36

Yu, Qian, Chuan Xu, Sixin Chen, Pengcheng Chen, Saiwei Nie, Shijie Ke, Dunzhao Wei, Min Xiao, and Yong Zhang. "Manipulating Orbital Angular Momentum Entanglement in Three-Dimensional Spiral Nonlinear Photonic Crystals." Photonics 9, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070504.

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We propose and theoretically investigate two-photon orbital angular momentum (OAM) correlation through spontaneous parameter down-conversion (SPDC) processes in three-dimensional (3D) spiral nonlinear photonic crystals (NPCs). By properly designing the NPC structure, one can feasibly modulate the OAM-correlated photon pair, which provides a potential platform to realize high-dimensional entanglement for quantum information processing and quantum communications.

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37

Ghoshal, Sib Krishna, Azmirawahida Zainuddin, Ramli Arifin, M. R. Sahar, Md Supar Rohani, and Khaidzir Hamzah. "Samarium Concentration and Optical Correlation of Tellurite Glass." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.443.

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Modifying the structural and optical properties of inorganic glasses via controlled doping of various rare earth ions by inhibiting the quenching effect is a challenging task. We report the influence of samarium (Sm3+) ions concentration on enhanced optical properties of tellurite glass. A series of glasses with composition (0.80-x)TeO2 + 0.10Li2O + 0.10 Na2O + xSm2O3, where 0.0<x <0.03 mol% are prepared using melt quenching method and optical characterizations are performed. The XRD spectra confirm the amorphous nature of the glass. The Urbach energy decreases and the optical gap for both direcet and indirect transitions increases with the increse of samerium contents. The UV-Vis spectra comprised of eight absorption bands and PL spectra reveal four prominet peaks corresponding to various transitions from the ground state to the excited states of Sm3+ ion. The optical response shows significant enhancement with increasing concentration of samerium ions. Our detail experimental analyses may be useful for the development of tellurite glass based photonic devices. Keywords: Tellurite Glass, Sm3+ ions, Urbach Energy, Direct and Indirect Transition.

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38

Lenne, P. F., E. Etienne, and H. Rigneault. "Subwavelength patterns and high detection efficiency in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy using photonic structures." Applied Physics Letters 80, no. 22 (June 3, 2002): 4106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1483116.

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39

Biritz, Bertrand. "Non-photonic electron-hadron azimuthal correlation for AuAu, CuCu and pp collisions at." Nuclear Physics A 830, no. 1-4 (November 2009): 849c—852c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.10.076.

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40

Fan, Zhiqiang, Qi Qiu, Jun Su, Tianhang Zhang, and Ning Yang. "Photonic-Delay Line Cross Correlation Method Based on DWDM for Phase Noise Measurement." IEEE Photonics Journal 10, no. 1 (February 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2018.2799591.

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41

Piszter, G., K. Kertész, Z. Vértesy, G. I. Márk, Zs Bálint, and L. P. Biró. "Structure-Color-Species Correlation in Photonic Nanoarchitectures Occurring in Blue Lycaenid Butterfly Scales." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 12, no. 11 (November 1, 2012): 8822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2012.6803.

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42

Kim, Yoo Jung, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Jonathan Lin, Steph Sallum, Yinzi Xin, Nemanja Jovanovic, and Sergio Leon-Saval. "Coherent Imaging with Photonic Lanterns." Astrophysical Journal 964, no. 2 (March 21, 2024): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad245e.

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Abstract Photonic lanterns (PLs) are tapered waveguides that gradually transition from a multimode fiber geometry to a bundle of single-mode fibers (SMFs). They can efficiently couple multimode telescope light into a multimode fiber entrance at the focal plane and convert it into multiple single-mode beams. Thus, each SMF samples its unique mode (lantern principal mode) of the telescope light in the pupil, analogous to subapertures in aperture masking interferometry (AMI). Coherent imaging with PLs can be enabled by the interference of SMF outputs and applying phase modulation, which can be achieved using a photonic chip beam combiner at the backend (e.g., the ABCD beam combiner). In this study, we investigate the potential of coherent imaging by the interference of SMF outputs of a PL with a single telescope. We demonstrate that the visibilities that can be measured from a PL are mutual intensities incident on the pupil weighted by the cross correlation of a pair of lantern modes. From numerically simulated lantern principal modes of a 6-port PL, we find that interferometric observables using a PL behave similarly to separated-aperture visibilities for simple models on small angular scales (<λ/D) but with greater sensitivity to symmetries and capability to break phase angle degeneracies. Furthermore, we present simulated observations with wave front errors (WFEs) and compare them to AMI. Despite the redundancy caused by extended lantern principal modes, spatial filtering offers stability to WFEs. Our simulated observations suggest that PLs may offer significant benefits in the photon-noise-limited regime and in resolving small angular scales at the low-contrast regime.

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43

Casas, Francisco J., David Ortiz, Beatriz Aja, Luisa de la Fuente, Eduardo Artal, Rubén Ruiz, and Jesús M. Mirapeix. "A Microwave Polarimeter Demonstrator for Astronomy with Near-Infra-Red Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection." Sensors 19, no. 8 (April 19, 2019): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081870.

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This paper presents a 10 to 20 GHz bandwidth microwave polarimeter demonstrator, based on the implementation of a near-infra-red frequency up-conversion stage that allows both the optical correlation, when operating as a synthesized-image interferometer, and signal detection, when operating as a direct-image instrument. The proposed idea is oriented towards the implementation of ultra-sensitive instruments presenting several dozens or even thousands of microwave receivers operating in the lowest bands of the cosmic microwave background. In this work, an electro-optical back-end module replaces the usual microwave detection stage with Mach–Zehnder modulators for the frequency up-conversion, and an optical stage for the signals correlation and detection at near-infra-red wavelengths (1550 nm). As interferometer, the instrument is able to correlate the signals of large-format instruments, while operating as a direct imaging instrument also presents advantages in terms of the possibility of implementing the optical back end by means of photonic integrated circuits to achieve reductions in cost, weight, size, and power consumption. A linearly polarized input wave, with a variable polar angle, is used as a signal source for laboratory tests. The receiver demonstrator has proved its capabilities of being used as a new microwave-photonic polarimeter for the study of the lowest bands of cosmic microwave background.

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44

Schönhardt, Anja, Dietmar Nau, Christina Bauer, André Christ, Hedi Gräbeldinger, and Harald Giessen. "Phase-resolved pulse propagation through metallic photonic crystal slabs: plasmonic slow light." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2090 (March 28, 2017): 20160065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0065.

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We characterized the electromagnetic field of ultra-short laser pulses after propagation through metallic photonic crystal structures featuring photonic and plasmonic resonances. The complete pulse information, i.e. the envelope and phase of the electromagnetic field, was measured using the technique of cross-correlation frequency resolved optical gating. In good agreement, measurements and scattering matrix simulations show a dispersive behaviour of the spectral phase at the position of the resonances. Asymmetric Fano-type resonances go along with asymmetric phase characteristics. Furthermore, the spectral phase is used to calculate the dispersion of the sample and possible applications in dispersion compensation are investigated. Group refractive indices of 700 and 70 and group delay dispersion values of 90 000 fs 2 and 5000 fs 2 are achieved in transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization, respectively. The behaviour of extinction and spectral phase can be understood from an intuitive model using the complex transmission amplitude. An associated depiction in the complex plane is a useful approach in this context. This method promises to be valuable also in photonic crystal and filter design, for example, with regards to the symmetrization of the resonances. This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.

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45

Song, Shijie, Xiaoke Yi, Lu Gan, Wenjian Yang, Linh Nguyen, Suen Chew, Liwei Li, and Robert Minasian. "Photonic-Assisted Scanning Receivers for Microwave Frequency Measurement." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 17, 2019): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020328.

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We present a novel technique based on matrix pencil assisted deconvolution to improve the measurement resolution in scanning receiver systems for microwave frequency measurements. By modeling the scanning receiver output as the cross-correlation of the input modulated signal with the filter’s spectral response and applying the matrix pencil algorithm to convolve the detected optical signal at the receiver output, our technique offers precise estimations of both the frequency and power information of microwave signals with an improved measurement resolution. A multi-tone microwave signal measurement based on an optical filter is experimentally demonstrated, showing a significant measurement resolution reduction from 1 GHz to 0.4 GHz for two radio frequency (RF) tones, which is only about 30.2% of the optical filter bandwidth.

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46

Yang, Shu, Yingwen Wang, and Weihong Gao. "3D Modelling for Photonic Crystal Structure in Papilio maackii Wing Scales." Materials 15, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 3334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093334.

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As a typical representative of natural structural colors, the wings of butterflies living in different zones present colors due to different chromogenic mechanisms. In this work, Papilio maackii, a common species of butterfly living in China, was studied in order to clarify the photophysics of its wing scales. A FESEM was applied to observe the microstructure of the scales, and we found that they have a periodic photonic crystal structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied to clarify the wings’ chemical composition. Additionally, the optical properties of the scales were investigated using a UV-vis-NIR microspectrophotometer. Then, a simplified three-dimensional photonic crystal model was built according to the microstructure of the wing scales, and the plane-wave expansion method was used to calculate the band gap. The correlation between the calculated band gap and the practical reflective spectrum was also established for the wing scales of Papilio maackii.

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47

McMahon, Christopher J., Joshua P. Toomey, Apostolos Argyris, and Deb M. Kane. "Complexity mapping of a photonic integrated circuit laser using a correlation-dimension-based approach." Laser Physics 29, no. 8 (June 25, 2019): 086202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/ab27bb.

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48

Kibria, Refat, Lam A. Bui, Arnan Mitchell, and Michael W. Austin. "(IPC) A Photonic Correlation Scheme Using FWM With Phase Management to Achieve Optical Subtraction." IEEE Photonics Journal 5, no. 6 (December 2013): 5502209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2013.2287555.

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49

Sekatski, Pavel, Jean-Daniel Bancal, Xavier Valcarce, Ernest Y. Z. Tan, Renato Renner, and Nicolas Sangouard. "Device-independent quantum key distribution from generalized CHSH inequalities." Quantum 5 (April 26, 2021): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-04-26-444.

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Device-independent quantum key distribution aims at providing security guarantees even when using largely uncharacterised devices. In the simplest scenario, these guarantees are derived from the CHSH score, which is a simple linear combination of four correlation functions. We here derive a security proof from a generalisation of the CHSH score, which effectively takes into account the individual values of two correlation functions. We show that this additional information, which is anyway available in practice, allows one to get higher key rates than with the CHSH score. We discuss the potential advantage of this technique for realistic photonic implementations of device-independent quantum key distribution.

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50

Морозов, К. М., А. В. Белоновский та М. А. Калитеевский. "Анализ динамики затухания люминесценции в металл-диэлектрических фотонных структурах с органическими слоями". Физика и техника полупроводников 56, № 12 (2022): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2022.12.54512.4291.

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Metal-dielectric photonic structures with organic materials 4,4-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1-biphenyl and 4,4′-bis[4-(di-ptolylamino)styryl] biphenyl) as light emitting layers were investigated. The formation of the polaritonic modes in the investigated structures was experimentally demonstrated and a correlation between theoretical and experimental dispersion was shown. Was shown, that increase in interaction between organic exciton and optical mode leads to a significant decrease in the lower polariton emission bandwidth.

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