Дисертації з теми "Photon limited"
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Cheng, Wu. "Optimal Denoising for Photon-limited Imaging." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1446401290.
Повний текст джерелаNorthcott, Malcolm John. "Photon limited imaging using the triple correlation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47593.
Повний текст джерелаMontazerhodjat, Vahid. "Photon-limited time of flight depth acquisition : new parametric model and its analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79231.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87).
As 3-D imaging systems become more popular, the depth estimation which is their core component should be made as accurate as possible at low power levels. In this thesis, we consider the time of flight depth acquisition problem at low photon counts. We first formulate the received light intensity at the photodetector as the convolution of the source intensity and another signal which we call the scene impulse response. We then present a new framework to calculate the scene impulse response given the scene depth. Using that framework, we propose a richer parametric model than the model being used in existing technologies. We use the maximum likelihood algorithm with our proposed model on simulated data to estimate the depth parameters of the scene. The simulation results show a uniformly better performance for our model relative to the conventional model.
by Vahid Montazerhodjat.
S.M.
Vaughan, Martin Paul. "Alloy and phonon scattering-limited electron mobility in dilute nitrides." Thesis, University of Essex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438143.
Повний текст джерелаAnderson, David Richard. "Phonon-limited electron transport in gallium nitride and gallium nitride-based heterostructures, 1760-1851." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270104.
Повний текст джерелаLewis, David P., Fanrong Xiao, Sabina Hrabetova, and Jan Hrabe. "Brain microscopy point spread function in a photon diffusion limit." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-182697.
Повний текст джерелаLewis, David P., Fanrong Xiao, Sabina Hrabetova, and Jan Hrabe. "Brain microscopy point spread function in a photon diffusion limit." Diffusion fundamentals 20 (2013) 35, S. 1-2, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13603.
Повний текст джерелаCvetojevic, N., N. Jovanovic, S. Gross, B. Norris, I. Spaleniak, C. Schwab, M. J. Withford, et al. "Modal noise in an integrated photonic lantern fed diffraction-limited spectrograph." OPTICAL SOC AMER, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626070.
Повний текст джерелаAndari, Nansi. "Observation of a BEH-like boson decaying into two photons with the ATLAS detector at the LHC." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112191/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, I show my contribution to the observation of a new boson at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS detector in the diphoton decay channel. This boson is compatible with the long-searched scalar boson of the Standard Model and has a mass of 126.0+/-0.4+/- 0.4 (sys) GeV obtained when combining the decay channels gamma gamma and ZZ. The data used were collected in the ATLAS experiment during 2011 with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and during the first three months of the 2012 run with a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The total corresponding luminosity is about 10 fb-1. The observed excess has a local significance of 4.5 sigma in the gamma gamma channel and has a significance of 5.9 sigma when combining all the channels used in the analysis. Moreover, diverse contributions to the H into gamma gamma analyses of the data from 2009 to 2012 are also shown
Szemendera, Ludovic. "Interféromètre à somme de fréquences dédié à l'imagerie haute résolution pour l'astronomie en bande L." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0020/document.
Повний текст джерелаStellar interferometers are high angular resolution devices, allowing for detailed research of the Universe. This thesis describes the in-lab implementation of a sum frequency generation interferometer dedicated to the infrared detection in the L band : ALOHA@3.39. In the aim of limiting thermal noise due to the room radiation, and benefit mature detectors and fibered components, this device includes a sum frequency generation non-linear process on each of its arms. Stellar radiations around 3.39 μm are transposed to around 810 nm thanks to PPLN cristals powered by a single pump signal at 1064 nm. The first part presents our global experimental context and theoretical elements about this thesis. The second part deals with the conception, the implementation and characterisation of the test bench ALOHA@3.39. The third part tables in-lab experimental results. Repeated measurements of the fringe contrast on high flux regime allow to calibrate the instrumental contrast of the set-up. First measurements on photon counting regime show we are currently able to detect interference fringes with high contrast with only 100 fW at the input of each arm. Finally, our research led us to realise interference fringes detection via the ALOHA@3.39 prototype, observing a thermal source, considered as a black body. This thesis concludes on an estimation of the limiting reachable magnitude, and on the future use of new PPLN technologies
Field, Gregory Darin. "The limits to absolute visual sensitivity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10552.
Повний текст джерелаMege, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution a l'etude des doses en milieu limite dans des faisceaux de photons de haute energie." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30168.
Повний текст джерелаMege, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude des doses en milieu limite dans des faisceaux de photons de haute énergie." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599573t.
Повний текст джерелаDORNE, ISABELLE. "Determination d'une limite sur le rapport de branchement du processus rare b en s + photon avec le detecteur l3 au lep." Chambéry, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAMS013.
Повний текст джерелаAndari, Nansi. "Observation d'un boson de type BEH se désintégrant en deux photons dans le détecteur ATLAS au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00744847.
Повний текст джерелаJovanovic, N., N. Cvetojevic, C. Schwab, B. Norris, J. Lozi, S. Gross, C. Betters, et al. "Efficiently feeding single-mode fiber photonic spectrographs with an extreme adaptive optics system: on-sky characterization and preliminary spectroscopy." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622807.
Повний текст джерелаAbdurrochman, Andri. "Photonic jet for spatial resolution improvement in direct pulse near-IR laser micro-etching." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work has shown that the lateral resolution etching using near infrared lasers nanoseconds could be reduced by passing the beam through a glass microsphere or a silica fibers with spheroid shape in such a way to generate photonic jets. Etching on silicon size with a glass microsphere can be reduced by a factor of 44 compared to that of a direct etching without photonic jet. Powers reached densities allow even consider burning the glass with this type of laser, despite its very low absorption at these wavelengths. For the first time we have shown the possibility of obtaining photonic jets coming-out of a spheroid-tip of fiber optic. We also have shown the ability to etch silicon at the micron scale using the near infrared nanosecond laser. The possible use of optical fibers is clearly a decisive condition for the realization of a laser capable of etching process real intricate designs and repeatedly
Thiébaut, Eric. "Imagerie astrophysique à la limite de diffraction des grands télescopes. Application à l'observation des objets froids." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00366727.
Повний текст джерелаShrestha, Shruti. "A measurement of Z(vv̄)[photon] cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings at [square root of]s = 7 TeV using CMS." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15316.
Повний текст джерелаDepartment of Physics
Yurii Maravin
In this thesis, the first measurement of Z(vv̄)[photon] cross section in pp collisions at [square root of]s = 7 TeV has been done using data collected by the CMS detector. The measured cross section is 21.3 ± 4.2 (stat.) ± 4.3 (syst.) ± 0.5 (lumi.) fb. This measurement is based on the observations of events with missing transverse energy in excess of 130 GeV and photon in the rapidity range [eta] < 1.44 of transverse momentum in excess of 145 GeV in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb⁻¹. This measured cross section is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction of 21.9 ± 1.1 fb from BAUR. Further, neutral triple gauge couplings involving Z bosons and photons have been studied. No evidence for the presence of such couplings is observed and is in agreement with the predictions of the standard model. We set the most stringent limits to date on these triple gauge couplings.
Cajgfinger, Thomas. "Étude théorique et expérimentale du suivi de particules uniques en conditions extrêmes : imagerie aux photons uniques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770124.
Повний текст джерелаHallerdt, Martin. "Courants limités par une charge d'espace dans des couches minces de silicium amorphe hydrogène : quasi-équilibre et effets transitoires." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112027.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents theoretical and experimental work on transient effects in space charge limited currents in thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the physical properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon and the method of glow-discharge deposition used for the n⁺ in⁺ devices of the study. Chapter 2 gives a summary of the theory of space-charge limited currents in the stationary regime. Chapter 3 describes measurements of current transients between 0,01 and 180 ms after applying an injecting voltage to the sample. The currents decrease rapidly, according to a time power law, something that can be explained by the gradual descent towards lower energies in the band gap that the space charge undergoes as its electrons are thermally released and retrapped over and over again. Chapter 4 deals with the relaxation of resistance of intrinsic layers after the injecting voltage has been cut off. The transient resistance is higher than the equilibrium resistance, because the space charge from the injection remains trapped and creates an electrostatic barrier. As the electrons in the space charge are gradually untrapped and disappear from the intrinsic layer, the resistance falls as R(t) = R(∞) e 1/ßt, where R(∞) is the equilibrium resistance. The relaxation involves traps below the Fermi energy and sometimes lasts for more than one hour. The fact that the coefficient ß is thermally activated makes it possible to attribute a value of 10¹ ¹ - 10¹ ² s⁻¹ to the attempt-to-escape frequency. Chapter 5 describes depositions of amorphous silicon samples made by photo-CVD. The samples were found to have a Fermi level density of states of some 10 ¹⁶ eV⁻¹ cm⁻³
Amri, Taoufik. "Comportement quantique des appareils de mesure : illustrations en optique quantique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596762.
Повний текст джерелаGomes, Jean-Thomas. "Mise en place de processus de génération de somme de fréquences optiques large bande dediés à l'imagerie haute résolution pour l'astronomie." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/d7f4b140-9282-4d2e-ad20-b07c795d3a78/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4012.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаStellar interferometers dedicated to high angular resolution imaging are powerful instruments that allow an extensive study of our Universe. This thesis describes a new instrument, called sum frequency generation interferometer, dedicated to the spatio-temporal coherence analysis of infrared radiations in the visible domain around 630nm thanks to frequency shift processes. This frequency shift is achieved through a sum frequency generation process, supplied by a laser source at 1064 nm, in the PPLN crystals placed on each arm of the interferometer. The first part of this thesis provides the theoretical elements needed for the understanding of the present work. The second part concerns the design, the realization and the characterization of a sum frequency generation interferometer suitable for the analysis of broadband infrared sources. The third part presents the experimental temporal coherence analysis of such a source. It ends by the experimental demonstration of the spatial coherence analysis of an artificial thermal source in the photon counting regime. The last part deals with the possibility to extend the spectral bandwidth of the interferometer and shows the appearance of a frequency spectral compression effect through the PPLN crystals. It concludes with the proposed implementation of a sum frequency generation interferometer on the CHARA telescope array and provides an estimation of the limiting magnitude reached by combining this instrument to different configurations of the interferometer
DURAND, Emmanuel. "Recherche de photons pulsés au-dessus de 30 GeV dans le pulsar du Crabe et PSR B1951+32 avec le détecteur Tchérenkov atmosphérique CELESTE." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002815.
Повний текст джерелаLee, Seoungjun. "Super-resolution optical imaging using microsphere nanoscopy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/superresolution-optical-imaging-using-microsphere-nanoscopy(c3b36c86-11b5-4c77-9a69-b966585b0509).html.
Повний текст джерелаRogler, Daniela. "Entwicklung einer lichtbogengestützten PECVD-Technologie für die Synthese siliziumbasierter Schichtsysteme unter Atmosphärendruck – Untersuchung des diffusionslimitierten Wachstumsregimes." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-97547.
Повний текст джерелаHoltz, Marcel. "Verschiebestrom induzierte Deformationswellen in LiNbO3 gemessen mittels Schrotrausch-limitierter Femtosekunden-Röntgenbeugung." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19400.
Повний текст джерелаThe coupling between an ultrafast optical interband excitation and the generation of acoustic phonons in the ferroelectric prototype material lithium niobate (LiNbO3) is studied. Employing the pump-probe technique, LiNbO3 is excited optically with ultrashort light pulses while the impact on the crystal lattice is probed by femtosecond hard x-ray pulses. A compact, laser-driven femtosecond x-ray source with a 1-kHz repetition rate provides 100-fs pulses for time-resolved experiments. With this experimental arrangement, the response of the LiNbO3 crystal lattice to a nonlinear optical excitation can be investigated. The strength and temporal evolution of the observed integrated x-ray reflectivity of selected Bragg reflections are consistent with the propagation of a strong acoustic strain wave in a homogeneously excited single crystal. Surprisingly, both the polarization of the activated phonon modes and the propagation velocity show a high anisotropy as a function of the ferroelectric axis orientation relative to the polarization of the optical excitation pulses. The previously known coupling mechanisms, such as the electronic deformation potential or the anharmonic phonon-phonon interaction, are insufficient to explain the observed deformation amplitude and high anisotropy of the acoustic strain waves. Instead, it is shown that the impulsive mechanical stress is generated via the piezoelectric effect. The required macroscopic electrical polarization is a result of a photoinduced shift current, which in turn is generated by the optical interband excitation via two-photon absorption. This optical-electrical-mechanical coupling between the fifth-order nonlinear conductivity tensor, the piezoelectric tensor, and the relevant phonon modes fully describe the experimental observations.
Zerweck-Trogisch, Ulrich. "Auflösungsvermögen und Genauigkeit der Kelvinsonden-Rasterkraftmikroskopie und deren Anwendung an molekularen Systemen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1196782873906-79057.
Повний текст джерелаSkwarcan-Bidakowski, Alexander. "Exotic Decays of a Vector-liketop Partner at the LHC." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Högenergifysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-392988.
Повний текст джерелаWhite, John Thomas. "Bayesian multi-scale smoothing of photon-limited images with applications to astronomy and medicine." 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/5983.
Повний текст джерелаYeke, Yazdandoost Mohammad. "Photon Quantum Noise Limited Pixel and Array architectures in a-Si Technology for Large Area Digital Imaging Applications." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6220.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Chun-Nan, and 陳俊男. "Effects of White Light Bias on Incident Photon-to-Electron Collection Efficiency Measurement of Space-Charge-Limited Photovoltaic Devices." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81104279326691144584.
Повний текст джерела國立清華大學
電子工程研究所
100
We developed an easy and accurate method for incident photons-to-electrons conversion efficiency(IPCE)measurement of space-charge-limited (SCL) photovoltaic devices. An extra white light bias is usually introduced in IPCE system to obtain the correct IPCE of SCL devices since the relationship between current and incident light intensity is nonlinear. However, the validity and nessecity of the extra light bias requires further proof. Therefore, we used blue, green and orange light-emitting diode (LED) to verify the validity and nessecity. The validity and necessity of white light bias were examined in both conventional and inverted organic solar cell. The white light is proven be valid as light bias correctly and necessary in the IPCE measurement system to obtain the accurate IPCE of SCL photovoltaic devices from the experiment results. SCL effect also appears to be more significant under stronger light illumination.
Shen, Yang. "Phonon Anharmonicity at the Limits of Perturbation Theory." Thesis, 2020. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/13738/1/CaltechThesis_YangShen.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPhonons, as the building blocks of solid-state physics, have been studied for almost one hundred years. The harmonic model is helpful when introducing the concepts and offering a basic physics picture of atomic vibrations. However, there are many properties that cannot be explained by the harmonic model or its extension to the quasiharmonic approximation (QHA), which ignores the pure temperature dependence of phonon frequencies. The rapid development of materials science requests a deep understanding of the phonon behaviors at elevated temperatures, where phonon-phonon interactions, as a main source of phonon anharmonicity, account for a number of abnormal phonon behaviors and the thermodynamical properties of many materials. In this thesis, I present the phonon anharmonicity in metals of Pd and Pt, the metallic compound FeGe2, and the polar material NaBr to show the limitation of the harmonic or QH model and the importance of taking anharmonic effects into consideration.
Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) was used to measure the phonon density of states (DOS) in fcc Pd and Pt metal at temperatures from 7 K to 1576 K. Both phonon-phonon interactions and electron-phonon interactions were calculated by methods based on density functional theory (DFT) and were consistent with the measured shifts and broadenings of phonons with temperature. Contributions to the entropy from phonons and electrons were assessed and summed to obtain excellent agreement with prior calorimetric data. The QH entropy is positive for both phonons and electrons but larger for phonons. The anharmonic phonon entropy is negative in Pt, but in Pd it changes from positive to negative with increasing temperature.
Phonon dispersions in a single crystal of FeGe2 with the C16 structure at 300, 500, and 635 K were measured by INS. Phonon DOS were also measured on polycrystalline FeGe2 from 325 to 1050 K, and the Fe partial DOS was obtained from polycrystalline 57FeGe2 at 300 K using nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS). The dominant feature in the temperature dependence of the phonon spectrum is thermal broadening of high-energy modes. The energy shifts of the low- and high-energy parts of the spectrum were almost the same. DFT calculations performed with the QHA gave results in moderate agreement with the experimental thermal energy shifts, although the isobaric Grüneisen parameter calculated from the quasiharmonic model was smaller than that from measurements. The thermal broadening of the phonon spectrum and dispersions, especially at high energies, indicates a cubic anharmonicity to second order that should also induce phonon shifts. There are cancellations of different anharmonic contributions to energy shifts, giving average phonon shifts in moderate agreement to calculations with the QHA. The different parts of the large phonon contribution to the entropy are separated for FeGe2, showing modest but interpretable anharmonic contributions.
All phonons in a single crystal of NaBr were measured by INS at temperatures of 10, 300 and 700 K. Even at 300 K the phonons, especially the longitudinal optical (LO) phonons, showed large shifts in frequencies, and showed large broadenings in energy owing to anharmonicity. The QHA was an unqualified failure for predicting the temperature dependence of phonon frequencies, even at 300K, and it predicted a thermal expansion that was in error by a factor of four. Ab initio computations that included both anharmonicity and quasiharmonicity successfully predicted both the temperature dependence of phonons and the large thermal expansion of NaBr. The frequencies of LO phonon modes decrease significantly with temperature owing to the real part of the phonon self-energy from explicit anharmonicity. The origin of the large cubic anharmonicity was identified with nearest-neighbor Na-Br bonds. Anharmonicity is not a small correction to the QHA predictions of thermal expansion and thermal phonon shifts, but anharmonicity dominates the behavior.
New spectral features were found in phonon dispersions of NaBr at 300 K. Ab initio calculations based on anharmonic perturbation theory also showed these spectral features as "many-body effects". Their physical origin is better elucidated with a Langevin model, similar that in recent work in optomechanics. The transverse optic (TO) part of the new features originates from phonon intermodulation between the transverse acoustic (TA) and TO phonons. The LO spectral features originate from three-phonon coupling between the TA modes and the TO lattice modes.
Wade, Andrew. "Quantum limited measurements in gravitational wave detectors." Phd thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110016.
Повний текст джерелаTheer, Patrick [Verfasser]. "On the fundamental imaging depth limit in two-photon microscopy / presented by Patrick Theer." 2004. http://d-nb.info/972053662/34.
Повний текст джерелаNicholaou, Costa. "Improving the Detection Limit of Planar 2D Photonic Crystal Slab Refractive Index Sensors." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/43273.
Повний текст джерелаTsai, Wan-Ting, and 蔡宛庭. "Ultra-Low Detection-Limit of Portable Heavy Metal Sensor by Electrochemistry integrating Porous Silicon Photonic Structure and Platinum Porous Silicon." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7shmb8.
Повний текст джерелаAskew, Andrew W. "Measurement of the gamma W boson decaying to muon-neutrino-photon cross section, limits on anomalous trilinear vector boson couplings, and the radiation amplitude zero in proton-antiproton collisions at center of mass energy = 1.96 TeV." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/18733.
Повний текст джерелаRogler, Daniela. "Entwicklung einer lichtbogengestützten PECVD-Technologie für die Synthese siliziumbasierter Schichtsysteme unter Atmosphärendruck – Untersuchung des diffusionslimitierten Wachstumsregimes." Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26167.
Повний текст джерела