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1
Pathak, Abhivyakti, Manish Kumar Verma, and Rajat Verma Shishu Pal Singh. "Phosphorus Deficiency Phosphorous Deficiency in Animals." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (April 30, 2018): 2746–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd12722.
2
Taggart, Jacob B., Rebecca L. Ryan, Gustavious P. Williams, A. Woodruff Miller, Rachel A. Valek, Kaylee B. Tanner, and Anna C. Cardall. "Historical Phosphorus Mass and Concentrations in Utah Lake: A Case Study with Implications for Nutrient Load Management in a Sorption-Dominated Shallow Lake." Water 16, no. 7 (March 23, 2024): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16070933.
Анотація:
Utah Lake is unusual due to its large surface area, shallow depth, phosphorus-rich sediments, and well-mixed, unstratified waters. This creates conditions where water column phosphorous concentrations tend toward equilibrium, with lake sediments containing high concentrations of geologic phosphorus. To help understand the potential impact of phosphorous load reductions, we computed a time history of phosphorus mass in the lake using state and federal records of lake volume, dissolved phosphorus concentrations, and outflow. We show that historically, Utah Lake phosphorus concentrations have remained stable over time, in the range of 0.02 to 0.04 mg/L, despite large changes in lake volume and internal phosphorus mass. We performed sorption calculations using data from the literature, demonstrating that it would take unrealistically large load changes to alter water column phosphorus concentrations under sorption processes. The sorption model produces results consistent with historical data that show relatively constant phosphorous concentrations despite large lake volume changes. We show, through several lines of evidence, that water column phosphorus concentrations are insensitive to external loads. Phosphorous load reduction is unlikely to have a significant effect on phosphorus concentrations in Utah Lake and, by extension, in other sorption-dominated shallow lakes with phosphorus-rich sediment.
3
Juneja, Ankita, Chinmay Kurambhatti, Deepak Kumar, and Vijay Singh. "Techno-Economic Evaluation of Phosphorous Recovery in Soybean Biodiesel Process." Processes 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081512.
Анотація:
The over-enrichment of phosphorus in waste streams can lead to eutrophication and oxygen limitations for aquatic life. To understand the release of phosphorus from a soybean processing facility, it is imperative to track the flow of phosphorus in different streams during the processing of soybeans. The objective of the study is to develop process simulation models to study the flow of phosphorus in the soy-biodiesel process and evaluate strategies to mitigate phosphorus release by recovering phosphorous from soapstock and wastewater. Since most of the P is found in soybean meal, the processing of which releases phosphorus, a third case of lecithin recovery was also studied to reduce the amount of phosphorous in soybean meal. It was observed that phosphorus can be economically recovered from the soapstock, as well as the wastewater stream, with an estimated operating cost of USD 1.65 and 3.62 per kg of phosphorous recovered, respectively. The phosphorus recovered from both streams can be potentially applied as fertilizer to more than 13,000 acres of corn or 96,000 acres of soybean, respectively. The lecithin recovery case was found to have the highest revenue, and it led to a 54% reduction in phosphorous during soybean meal processing.
4
Mao, Yilin, Rongwei Xiong, Xiufang Gao, Li Jiang, Yancong Peng, and Yan Xue. "Analysis of the Status and Improvement of Microalgal Phosphorus Removal from Municipal Wastewater." Processes 9, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 1486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9091486.
Анотація:
Phosphorus, as one of the main pollutants in municipal sewage, has received increasing attention recently. Phosphorus recovery also increases the sustainable development of municipal wastewater. Since algae have the ability to effectively redirect nutrients, including phosphorus, from municipal sewage to algae biomass, municipal sewage treatments involving microalgae have piqued the interest of many researchers. The phosphorus removal depends on the potential of the microalgae to absorb, preserve, or degrade phosphorus in municipal wastewater. It is, therefore, of great interest to study the mechanisms underlying the absorption, storage, and degradation of phosphorus by microalgae to ensure the viability of this phosphorus removal process in wastewater. The objectives of this review were to summarize phosphorus metabolism in microalgae, examine key external and internal factors impacting phosphorous removal by microalgae from wastewater, and examine the status of phosphorous-metabolism-related research to improve our understanding of microalgae-based municipal wastewater treatments. In addition, the methods of recovery of microalgae after phosphorous removal were summarized to ensure the sustainability of municipal wastewater treatment. Finally, a potential approach using nanomaterials was proposed to enhance the overall phosphorous removal performance in municipal wastewater through the addition of nanoparticles such as magnesium and iron.
5
Jonsson, Rasmus, Oana Mihai, Jungwon Woo, Magnus Skoglundh, Eva Olsson, Malin Berggrund, and Louise Olsson. "Gas-Phase Phosphorous Poisoning of a Pt/Ba/Al2O3 NOx Storage Catalyst." Catalysts 8, no. 4 (April 11, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8040155.
Анотація:
The effect of phosphorous exposure on the NOx storage capacity of a Pt/Ba/Al2O3 catalyst coated on a ceramic monolith substrate has been studied. The catalyst was exposed to phosphorous by evaporating phosphoric acid in presence of H2O and O2. The NOx storage capacity was measured before and after the phosphorus exposure and a significant loss of the NOx storage capacity was detected after phosphorous exposure. The phosphorous poisoned samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), N2-physisorption and inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). All characterization methods showed an axial distribution of phosphorous ranging from the inlet to the outlet of the coated monolith samples with a higher concentration at the inlet of the samples. Elemental analysis, using ICP-AES, confirmed this distribution of phosphorous on the catalyst surface. The specific surface area and pore volume were significantly lower at the inlet section of the monolith where the phosphorous concentration was higher, and higher at the outlet where the phosphorous concentration was lower. The results from the XPS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses showed higher accumulation of phosphorus towards the surface of the catalyst at the inlet of the monolith and the phosphorus was to a large extent present in the form of P4O10. However, in the middle section of the monolith, the XPS analysis revealed the presence of more metaphosphate (PO3−). Moreover, the SEM-EDX analysis showed that the phosphorous to higher extent had diffused into the washcoat and was less accumulated at the surface close to the outlet of the sample.
6
Haque, Shama E. "How Effective Are Existing Phosphorus Management Strategies in Mitigating Surface Water Quality Problems in the U.S.?" Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 6565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126565.
Анотація:
Phosphorus is an essential component of modern agriculture. Long-term land application of phosphorous-enriched fertilizers and animal manure leads to phosphorus accumulation in soil that may become susceptible to mobilization via erosion, surface runoff and subsurface leaching. Globally, highly water-soluble phosphorus fertilizers used in agriculture have contributed to eutrophication and hypoxia in surface waters. This paper provides an overview of the literature relevant to the advances in phosphorous management strategies and surface water quality problems in the U.S. Over the past several decades, significant advances have been made to control phosphorus discharge into surface water bodies of the U.S. However, the current use of phosphorus remains inefficient at various stages of its life cycle, and phosphorus continues to remain a widespread problem in many water bodies, including the Gulf of Mexico and Lake Erie. In particular, the Midwestern Corn Belt region of the U.S. is a hotspot of phosphorous fertilization that has resulted in a net positive soil phosphorous balance. The runoff of phosphorous has resulted in dense blooms of toxic, odor-causing phytoplankton that deteriorate water quality. In the past, considerable attention was focused on improving the water quality of freshwater bodies and estuaries by reducing inputs of phosphorus alone. However, new research suggests that strategies controlling the two main nutrients, phosphorus and nitrogen, are more effective in the management of eutrophication. There is no specific solution to solving phosphorus pollution of water resources; however, sustainable management of phosphorus requires an integrated approach combining at least a reduction in consumption levels, source management, more specific regime-based nutrient criteria, routine soil fertility evaluation and recommendations, transport management, as well as the development of extensive phosphorus recovery and recycling programs.
7
El-Behairy, U. A., S. W. Burrage, A. F. Abou-Hadid, and A. S. El-Beltagy. "THE EFFECT OF THE SOURCE OF PH-ADJUSTMENT ACIDS ON UPTAKE AND TRANSPORT OF THE IONS FOR CUCUMBER PLANTS GROWN IN NFT." HortScience 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 453d—453. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.453d.
Анотація:
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using nitric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric: phosphoric 3:1 to adjust the pH in NFT solution on uptake and transport of phosphorus, zinc and manganese ions on cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants cv. Farbiola. Phosphorus concentration was increased to about 450 ppm when phosphoric acid used to adjust the pH. Increasing phosphorus concentration in NFT solution did not increase % of phosphorus in the leaves, but increased it in the roots. As a result of increasing % of phosphorus in the root. Manganese and zinc transport were increased from the root to the leaves.
8
Nervis, Juliana Alice Lösch, Aldi Feiden, Evandro Bilha Moro, Marlon Casarini Moreno, Sidnei Klein, and Wilson Rogério Boscolo. "Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 36, no. 6Supl2 (December 16, 2015): 4453. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6sup2p4453.
Анотація:
The present study aimed to evaluate pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets and determine the apparent digestibility at different levels of phosphorus using the feces collection method with an intestinal dissection marker. A total of 320 pacu with average weights of 768.5±36.34 g were used, and they were distributed in four 5 m³ net cages. The fish were fed isonitrogenous (27%), isoenergetic (3000 kcal/kg) and isocalcium (1.50%) diets with total phosphorus levels of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The fish were incised with lateral openings to allow for feces removal from the rectum, and the fish were then sent for carcass chemical composition analysis. Significant differences were observed (P<0.01) between treatments for the apparent diet digestibility, apparent phosphorous digestibility, available phosphorus and residual phosphorus. There was a linear decrease in apparent diet digestibility and apparent phosphorus digestibility with increasing levels of phosphorous in the diet, and the highest values were observed for the diet with 0.6% total phosphorus. For available phosphorus and residual phosphorus, there was a linear increase based on total phosphorus levels in the diet. No significant differences were observed for the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Therefore, the greatest digestibility of total phosphorus in the diet obtained through dissection was observed in the diet containing 0.6% total phosphorus, and the different levels of phosphorus did not influence the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses.
9
Tang, Zhi Ru, Yue Wen, and Qi Zhou. "Research on the Phosphorus Removal Mechanisms and Approaches in Various Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands." Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (October 2012): 599–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.599.
Анотація:
This research studied that performances and mechanisms of phosphorus removal in three types of HSFCW: reed/gravel bed system (W1), multiple plants/gravel bed system (W2) and reed/multiple substrates bed system (W3). Spatial distribution and fractionation analysis of phosphorous in different substrates showed that the accumulated phosphorous in gravel, zeolite and steel slag were mainly in forms of Ca/Mg-P, residual-P and Fe/Al-P respectively. Biomass and phosphorus contained in plants harvested in early autumn was obviously higher than that contained in plants of late autumn, so the optimal harvest time should be late October. Among three systems, the phosphorus removal by adsorption and sedimentation of substrates accounted for 67%-76% of the total phosphorous removal and was the major channel for phosphorous removal. Removal by harvesting plants ranked second, accounting for 15%-21%. Other removal mechanisms accounted for about 10%. The research reveals that W3>W2>W1 in phosphorus removal efficiency in HSFCWs.
10
Nervis, Juliana Alice Lösch, Aldi Feiden, Evandro Bilha Moro, Marlon Casarini Moreno, Sidnei Klein, and Wilson Rogério Boscolo. "Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 36, no. 6Supl2 (December 16, 2015): 4453. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6supl2p4453.
Анотація:
<p>The present study aimed to evaluate pacu (<em>Piaractus mesopotamicus</em>) diets and determine the apparent digestibility at different levels of phosphorus using the feces collection method with an intestinal dissection marker. A total of 320 pacu with average weights of 768.5±36.34 g were used, and they were distributed in four 5 m³ net cages. The fish were fed isonitrogenous (27%), isoenergetic (3000 kcal/kg) and isocalcium (1.50%) diets with total phosphorus levels of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The fish were incised with lateral openings to allow for feces removal from the rectum, and the fish were then sent for carcass chemical composition analysis. Significant differences were observed (P<0.01) between treatments for the apparent diet digestibility, apparent phosphorous digestibility, available phosphorus and residual phosphorus. There was a linear decrease in apparent diet digestibility and apparent phosphorus digestibility with increasing levels of phosphorous in the diet, and the highest values were observed for the diet with 0.6% total phosphorus. For available phosphorus and residual phosphorus, there was a linear increase based on total phosphorus levels in the diet. No significant differences were observed for the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Therefore, the greatest digestibility of total phosphorus in the diet obtained through dissection was observed in the diet containing 0.6% total phosphorus, and the different levels of phosphorus did not influence the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. </p>
11
Gal, Nancy J., Lauren Headrick, Kate Bennett, and Wendy J. Dahl. "Chronic Kidney Disease: Phosphorus and Your Diet." EDIS 2016, no. 1 (February 16, 2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fs273-2015.
Анотація:
Phosphorous is an essential mineral necessary for the formation of bones and teeth, but also for kidney function and the regulation of muscle contractions, heartbeat, and nerve transmission. High blood levels of phosphorus may lead to adverse effects on bone, kidney, and heart health. When there is too much phosphorus in the blood, the body reacts by leaching calcium from the bones. This can be especially dangerous for those with Chronic Kidney Disease. This 4-page fact sheet discusses the relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Phosphorous intake, examining foods that are high in phosphorous and ways to manage phosphorous levels. Written by Nancy J. Gal, Lauren Headrick, Kate Bennett, and Wendy J. Dahl, and published by the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, December 2015. FSHN15-10/FS273: Chronic Kidney Disease: Phosphorus and Your Diet (ufl.edu)
12
Pokrovskiy, Valeriy A. "Temperature-Programmed Desorption Mass Spectrometry (TPDMS) of Dispersed Oxides." Adsorption Science & Technology 14, no. 5 (October 1996): 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361749601400505.
Анотація:
Temperature-programmed desorption mass spectrometry (TPDMS) is discussed with reference to studies of modified pyrogenic oxides. Simple theoretical models are presented in order to allow an approximate analytical treatment of TPDMS data. The ‘unimolecular’ decomposition of alkoxide groups was studied. The rate constants of the reactions were derived from TPDMS measurements. The kinetics of thermal transformations of phosphorous and phosphoric acids on a pyrogenic silica surface were investigated by TPDMS. Oxidation–reduction reactions in samples containing phosphorous acid resulted in the removal of molecular phosphorus (P4). Two stages of phosphorus evolution were observed which were attributed to the disproportion of phosphorus in the surface monolayer (high-temperature stage) and in the bulk layers (low-temperature stage). The biologically active samples obtained by adsorption of cyanocobalamine, glucose and raffinose on ultrafine oxide surfaces were studied via a combination of temperature-programmed desorption and solid-state thermal analysis mass spectrometry (TPD/TA MS). The role of the charged cobalt atom and of the propionamide and benzimide groups in the adsorption mechanism is discussed. It was shown that the adsorption of cyanocobalamine on the silica surface transformed the propionamide group to a weakly bound form. TPD/TA MS data were obtained confirming the stable adsorption of glucose and raffinose on an ultrafine pyrogenic silica surface modified by amino groups.
13
Tang, An, Tao Ma, Liduo Gu, Yongtao Zhao, Junhui Zhang, Haoming Zhang, Fengxiang Shao, and Hongsong Zhang. "Luminescence properties of novel red-emitting phosphor InNb1-xPxO4:Eu3+ for white light emitting-diodes." Materials Science-Poland 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2015-0050.
Анотація:
AbstractInNb1-xPxO4:Eu3+ red phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction and their luminescence properties were also studied through photoluminescence spectra. The excitation and emission spectra make it clear that the as-prepared phosphors can be effectively excited by near-ultraviolet (UV) 394 nm light and blue 466 nm light to emit strong red light located at 612 nm, due to the Eu3+ transition of 5D0 → 7F2. The luminescence intensity is dependent on phosphorus content, and it achieves the maximum at x = 0.4. Excessive phosphorus in the phosphors can result in reduction of luminescence intensity owing to concentration quenching.With the increasing content of phosphorus, the phosphors are prone to emit pure red light. This shows that the InNb1.6P0.4O4:0.04Eu3+ phosphor may be a potential candidate as a red component for white light emitting-diodes.
14
Smagula, John M., and M. Susan Erich. "LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY RESPONSE TO PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1148d—1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1148d.
Анотація:
Nutrition Surveys of commercial blueberry fields in 1987 and 1988 indicated leaf phosphorus levels were below the standard (0.125%) in most fields. To determine if phosphorus was limiting, liquid phosphorus (23% phosphoric acid) was applied preemergence at 0, 22.4, 44.8 67.2, or 88.6 kg/ha to 3 commercial blueberry fields identified in 1987 as very low (<.111%), 3 low (.111-.125%), and 3 adequate (>.125%) in leaf phosphorus. Phosphorus concentration in leaf tissue sampled in July 1989 increased linearly with increasing rates of phosphorus. Phosphorus application raised leaf phosphorus levels more in fields which had levels below 0.125%. Fields with higher phosphorus levels were also higher in leaf nitrogen, potassium, and calcium.
15
Liu, Qi Wei. "Resent Advances in Phosphorus Removal from Waste Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.682.
Анотація:
Phosphorus is a kind of non-renewable resources, and it is the key aspect of water eutrophication. The method which solves these two questions simultaneously is phosphorus recovery from phosphoric water. This article introduces and analyzes three kinds of methods which phosphorus recovery from phosphoric water in presently domestic and foreign studyed and applicated.It narrates technical principle, main craft influencing factors and research development of calcium phosphate, molysite, calorization precipitation and struvite.
16
Rohith, Ch, and C. Umesha. "Effects of Biofertilizers and Phosphorus on Growth and Yield of Mustard." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (August 17, 2023): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102664.
Анотація:
The field experiment titled “Effect of Biofertilizers and Phosphorous on Growth and Yield of Mustard” was conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatments and control which are replicated thrice. The treatments viz T1: PSB + Phosphorus 40 kg/ha, T2: PSB + Phosphorus 50 kg/ha, T3: PSB + Phosphorus 60 kg/ha, T4: VAM + Phosphorus 40 kg/ha, T5: VAM + Phosphorus 50 kg/ha, T6: VAM + Phosphorus 60 kg/ha, T7: PSB + VAM + Phosphorus 40 kg/ha, T8: PSB + VAM + Phosphorus 50 kg/ha, T9: PSB + VAM + Phosphorus 60 kg/ha. The results obtained that growth parameters viz. plant height (180.40 cm), Number of branches (18.10), dry weight (42.01 g/plant), Significantly higher yield parameters viz. number of silique/plant (314.47), test weight (6.80 g) and number of seeds/silique (16.50). were recorded higher with the application of PSB + VAM + Phosphorus 60 kg/ha.
17
Pundarikakshudu, R. "Studies of the Phosphate Dynamics in a Vertisol in Relation to the Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rainfed Cotton." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 1 (January 1989): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016422.
Анотація:
SUMMARYField studies of the dynamics of transformation and availability of applied phosphorus in a Vertisol cropped with rainfed cotton showed that phosphorus application increased available phosphorous in the soil. However, 70–80% of the phosphorus was fixed when more than 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 was applied. Maximum uptake of phosphorus by cotton occurred during the active growth period 40 to 80 days after germination, as reflected in a steep decline in the labile pool of available phosphorus in the soil. Over 50% of the total inorganic phosphorus occurred as Ca-P, which was the major contributor to the labile pool available to the cotton crop. The maximum response of cotton in terms of both dry matter and seed cotton and the maximum uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash occurred when phosphorus was applied at 40 kg P2O5 ha−1. Phosphorus application increased the length, spread, volume and weight of roots.
18
He, Jin Chao, and Ning Zuo. "Influence of Organic Load on Phosphorous Release and Absorption in HA-A/A-MCO Sludge Reduction Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 984–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.984.
Анотація:
When organic load of mixed liquid is up to a certain value, organic matter content is not the restrictive factor of phosphorus release any more. Optimum organic load for phosphorous anaerobic release in HA-A/A-MCO process is 0.141gCOD/gMLSS.d. Sufficient phosphorus release in anaerobic phase is the premise that high efficiency phosphorus absorption can be obtained in anaerobic phase. The maximum of releasable phosphorus sludge per unit weight (Pm/M) in HA-A/A-MCO process is 5.7mgP/gMLSS
19
Agrell, S. O., N. R. Charnley, and G. A. Chinner. "Phosphoran olivine from Pine Canyon, Piute Co., Utah." Mineralogical Magazine 62, no. 2 (April 1998): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646198547620.
Анотація:
AbstractOlivines containing up to 6.1 wt.% P2O5 occur in association with apatite and an unnamed NaCaMg phosphate phase. Phosphoran olivine has been recorded only in pallasite meteorites and from one other terrestrial occurrence. The rarity of palpable phosphorus substitution for silicon may be related to the fact that in most terrestrial rocks, phosphorus is incorporated initially, and remains as, apatite; thus phosphorus excess in an undersilicated environment must be uncommon. However the highly capricious distribution of phosphorus in individual olivines from this and the meteoritic occurences suggests disequilibrium, and questions whether phosphoran olivine is ever stable relative to combinations of P-free olivine and phosphate/phosphide minerals.
20
Bhodiwal, Shweta, and Tansukh Barupal. "Phosphate solubilizing microbes: an incredible role for plant supplements." MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences 7, no. 5 (December 21, 2022): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2022.07.00263.
Анотація:
Plants procure phosphorus from soil as the phosphate anion. It is the most un-portable component in plant and soil in comparison to other macronutrients. It’s very well known that phosphorus is the second most significant supplement after the nitrogen required/needed in plant growth. It is a fundamental component in every single living system. Barely 1%-2% of phosphorous is provided to different parts of the plants. It precipitates in soil as orthophosphate or is adsorbed by Fe and Al oxides through legend exchange. Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria play a substantial part in phosphorus nutrition by increasing phosphorus' accessibility to plants through discharge from inorganic and natural soil P pools by solubilization and mineralization. Lowering the pH of the soil through microbial generation of natural acids and mineralization of natural phosphorus by acid phosphates is the key element in the soil for mineral phosphate solubilization. Chemical composts are used as an additional source of phosphorous to satisfy the plant’s need. Additionally, co-inoculating P solubilizing microorganisms with other beneficial bacteria and mycorrhiza has shown to increase their efficiency. Microbial inoculants or biofertilizers can thus be used as an alternative source because they are both economical and environmentally favourable.
21
Adil, Mihoub. "Citric acid acidification of wheat straw derived biochar for overcoming nutrient deficiency in alkaline calcareous soil (Case of Phosphorus)." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 8, no. 3 (August 27, 2022): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-815x.000173.
Анотація:
Phosphorous fixation in soils is a serious concern worldwide, and biochar is gaining attention daily due to its potential benefits for improving the agronomic benefits of applied phosphorus. The present study aims to enhance understanding of the phosphorus transformation process in a deprived sandy soil following biochar amendments (no-acidified wheat straw biochar and chemically modified (acidification with 0.01 M C6H8O7) along with or without phosphorus at 250 mg kg−1. A 54-day pot experiment was conducted with two biochar levels of 4%, 8% (w/w), and control, and two phosphorus levels (without or with phosphorus). The results indicate that the integration of acidified wheat straw biochar with phosphorus resulted in increased available phosphorus in the soil. We conclude that incorporating acidified wheat straw biochar is a promising practice to potentially improve phosphorus availability in deprived soils. Further research is needed to explore site-specific phosphorus management for sustainable crop production.
22
Filauro, G., R. Prati, C. Marchesini, and A. Coppi. "Bio-P Removal from High Phosphorus Wastewaters: Pilot Testing Confirms Applicability of the Process." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 4-6 (February 1, 1991): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0510.
Анотація:
The performance of biological phosphorus removal from combined wastewaters of municipal and pig farm origin containing up to 100 mg/l initial phosphorus was investigated on a PhoStrip semi-industrial size pilot plant. Objective of the experimentation was to assess the applicability of Bio-P removal to high strength liquors in association with biological nitrification/denitrification. The experimental results indicate that high combined phosphorus and nitrogen removal efficiencies can be obtained, while still operating at practicable process conditions. The operation of the pilot plant demonstrated that the dual phosphorous “sink” - with phosphorus-enriched waste activated sludge and with chemically precipitated HAP - is a key factor to consistently achieve low effluent phosphorus concentrations in activated sludge systems operating at high phosphorus loading.
23
Lisik, Maria J. "The effect of sodium humane on the growth of tomatoes and the accumulation of phosphorus and iron in mediums of different pH." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 53, no. 3 (2014): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1984.033.
Анотація:
The effect of sodium humate on changes in the phosphorus and iron content in shoots of tomatoes cultivated in mediums with a raised or lowered pH and phosphorus dose (compared with controls) were analysed. At low pH, sodium humate increased the accumulation of phosphorus and lessened the excessive accumulation of iron in plants cultivated under conditions of phosphours deficit. At a slightly alkaline pH, sodium humate prevented excessive, accumulation of phosphorus and raised low iron contents. A favorable effect of humate on dry mass production was clearly seen at pH 6.4.
24
Nakano, Satoshi, Xin Liu, Xue-Feng Han, and Koichi Kakimoto. "Numerical Analysis of Phosphorus Concentration Distribution in a Silicon Crystal during Directional Solidification Process." Crystals 11, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010027.
Анотація:
For bulk doping, boron and phosphorus are usually used as p-type and n-type dopants, respectively. The distribution of these dopant concentrations in a silicon crystal along the vertical direction is governed by the segregation phenomena. As the segregation coefficient of phosphorus is small, phosphorus concentration distribution in a silicon crystal becomes inhomogeneous; inhomogeneous phosphorus concentration distribution affects the distribution of resistivity in the crystal. Therefore, it is important to control the phosphorus concentration distribution in a silicon crystal and make it uniform. In this study, by numerical analysis, we investigated the effect of the evaporation flux at the melt surface on phosphorus concentration distribution during the directional solidification process. To obtain a homogeneous phosphorus concentration distribution in the silicon crystal, we had to control the phosphorous evaporation flux at the melt surface and maintain approximately the same phosphorus concentration in the melt during the entire solidification process even though the growth rate was always changing.
25
Gorazda, Katarzyna, Zygmunt Kowalski, and Zbigniew Wzorek. "From sewage sludge ash to calcium phosphate fertilizers." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 14, no. 3 (October 1, 2012): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-012-0084-3.
Анотація:
Our work presents the results of the research on the utilization of ashes after sewage sludge combustion comprising phosphorus recovery in the form of useful products. The investigations were divided into three parts: selecting the combustion parameters of sewage sludge, examining ash leaching with mineral acids (nitric and phosphoric) to high phosphorus selectivity assuring a low content of iron and heavy metals in the extracted solutions and precipitation of CaHPO4 .2H2O. Suitable temperature of a sewage sludge combustion enables selective extraction of phosphorus compounds from ash because of hematite phase forming, insoluble in mineral acids. The extracts from phosphoric acid leaching, where the extraction of phosphorus compounds was 96.1%, have very good properties for its further use as the initial solution for CaHPO4 .2H2O with 6% lime milk. The obtained product is characterized by high purity and phosphorus availability compatible even with the feed phosphate standard.
26
Bian, Wei, Lu Guang Wang, Huan Zhen Zhang, Jing Fei Wang, Zai Feng Tian, and Xin Yong Chen. "Study on Phosphorus Pollution Load of Aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1406.
Анотація:
Aquaculture can bring excess phosphorus to lakes which causing eutrophication. Figuring out the amount of phosphorus is meaningful to water pollution control. This study aims to clarify how much phosphorus is produced by aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake each year. A phosphorus balance equation which is based on conservation of matter is established and used to calculate the input and output phosphorus carefully of an experimental field during a breeding cycle. Six parameters which are little fish, adult fish, feed, plants, sediment deposition and release are included in the equation. By the equation, the document gets a model: Q(x)＝0.033x, which shows that breeding every 1kg grass carp, there will be 0.033kg phosphorus into the water. As a result, the phosphorous pollution load of aquaculture in Baiyangdian Lake is 302.6 t/a.
27
Ozawa, Akiyo, Muneaki Yamamoto, Tetsuo Tanabe, Saburo Hosokawa, and Tomoko Yoshida. "Black phosphorus synthesized by solvothermal reaction from red phosphorus and its catalytic activity for water splitting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 15 (2020): 7368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta13441g.
28
Abdreimova, R. R., F. Kh Faizova, D. N. Akbayeva, G. S. Polimbetova, S. M. Aibasova, A. K. Borangazieva, and M. B. Aliev. "Catalytic Synthesis of the Esters of Phosphorus Acids from White Phosphorus and Aliphatic or Aromatic Alcohols." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj520.
Анотація:
<p>The various esters of the phosphoric and phosphorous acids have been obtained directly from white phosphorus and aliphatic (or aromatic) alcohols under aerobic atmosphere in the presence of the CuX<sub>2</sub> or FeX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl, NO<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>) salts. Irrespective of the variable nature of the used alcohols and catalysts, trialkyl(aryl) phosphates and dialkyl phosphites are a major products, whereas trialkyl(aryl) phosphites and dialkyl phosphates are a minor products of the phosphorylation process. Thanks to the presence of catalysts, the possible side reaction route of the radical chain oxidation of white phosphorus by oxygen to phosphorus oxides has been precluded. A comparison between the catalytic properties of CuX<sub>2</sub> and FeX<sub>3</sub> has been done. Although both of them have been found an efficient catalysts for the syntheses, the Cu(II) salts are active at 50-65 °C, whereas the Fe(III) based catalytic systems become competitive in terms of catalytic efficiency when reaction is carried out at 70-90 °C. Aromatic alcohols are characterised by less reactivity in this catalytic reaction as compared with an aliphatic ones. The same coordinative redox mechanism of the oxidative P-O coupling of P<sub>4 </sub>to ROH in the presence of both Cu(II) and Fe(III) catalysts has been proposed. Relevant steps of the catalytic cycle including the complexation of both white phosphorus and alcohol molecules to metal ion, the reduction of catalyst by white phosphorus, and the oxidation of reduced form of catalyst by oxygen have been also considered.</p>
29
Belfennache, D., D. Madi, R. Yekhlef, L. Toukal, N. Maouche, M. S. Akhtar, and S. Zahra. "Thermal annealing ambiance effect on phosphorus passivation and reactivation mechanisms in silicon-based Schottky diodes hydrogenated by MW-ECR plasma." Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 24, no. 04 (November 23, 2021): 378–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo24.04.378.
Анотація:
The main objective of this work is to investigate the effect of thermal annealing in forming gas atmosphere on the mechanism of deactivation and reactivation of phosphorus in silicon-based Schottky diodes. Firstly, the microwave plasma power, initial phosphorus concentration in the samples and hydrogen flux were fixed as 650 W, 1015 cm–3, and 30 sccm, respectively, to investigate the behavior of different working parameters of diodes, specifically the duration and temperature of hydrogenation. Secondly, few samples hydrogenated at 400 °C for 1 h were annealed under the forming gas (10% H2 + 90% N2) within the temperature range from 100 to 700 °C for 1 h. The profiles of active phosphorus concentration were monitored by evaluating the change in concentration of phosphorus after hydrogenation or thermal annealing in a forming gas environment through capacitance-voltage measurements. The obtained results depict the temperature and duration of hydrogenation, which ultimately reveals the complex behavior of phosphorous and hydrogen in silicon. However, the phosphorus passivation rate is homogeneous over all the depths measured at 400 °C. The thermal annealing in a forming gas indicates the increase in passivation rate of phosphorus as a function of annealing temperature, till the passivation rate attains saturation in the sample annealed at 400 °C. At higher temperatures, a decrease in the concentration of phosphorous-hydrogen complexes is observed due to the dissociation of these complexes and reactivation of phosphorus under thermal effect.
30
Zhao, Qian, and You Wu. "The Influence of Steel Slag on Phosphorous Slag Cement." Key Engineering Materials 509 (April 2012): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.509.106.
Анотація:
In this paper, the influence of steel slag and its pretreatment method on properties of phosphorus slag cement has been studied. The hydration process and microstructure were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Results show that, the problem of long setting time of high content phosphorous slag cement can be effectively solved by adding steel slag and pretreated steel slag. About 6% content of steel slag could promote the early hydration of phosphorus slag cement and reduced the initial setting time 2 hours. Grinding phosphorous slag and steel slag with different water content, the initial set time of phosphorus slag cement for 6 hours has reduced to 2.5 hours without changing the strength. Ageing the mixed grinding power of phosphorous slag and steel slag and keeping 2.5 hours of the initial set time, the early cement strength can increase 3 MPa.
31
Carleton, George, Jessica Glowczewski, and Teresa J. Cutright. "Design and Preliminary Testing of an In-Field Passive Treatment System for Removing Phosphorus from Surface Water." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 3743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093743.
Анотація:
It is well documented that excess phosphorus in source waters is a major contributor to harmful algal bloom formation. While there are many approaches to controlling algal populations in reservoirs, including a variety of phosphorus reduction approaches (e.g., sequestration of legacy phosphorus with alum or clay products), addressing physical phosphorus loading upstream is considered less often. Water treatment residuals (WTR) containing alum, a common waste product of conventional surface water treatment, have been shown to retain the ability to capture phosphorus even after the WTR ‘sludge’ is formed and removed from the sedimentation process. This research designed and tested a refillable, reusable in-stream phosphorus cartridge system which beneficially reutilizes WTR ‘sludge’ to sequester instream phosphorus and remove it from the water when spent media is replaced. This reduces in-stream phosphorus entering into the reservoir without permanently adding additional materials to the waterbody and provides measurable results as to the amount of phosphorus removed. The ten sampling events during the first year’s field assessment indicated that the gates removed a total of 556.31 g of reactive phosphorus (PO43−) and it is anticipated that the actual phosphorous removal was even greater. Other watershed managers can implement the same approach using their own WTR to capture in-stream phosphorus.
32
Puziy, A. M., O. I. Poddubnaya, B. Gawdzik, M. Sobiesiak, and M. M. Tsyba. "Functionalization of Carbon and Silica Gel by Phosphoric Acid." Adsorption Science & Technology 25, no. 8 (October 2007): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.25.8.531.
Анотація:
Functionalization of polymer-based carbon (SCS-3) and silica gel (SG60) by phosphoric acid at 800°C was investigated. It was shown that heat treatment of carbon and silica gel in the presence of phosphoric acid at 800°C provides a way of functionalizing materials with phosphorus-containing surface groups. Functionalization of the finished carbon occurs as a surface reaction while destruction of the silica gel structure was observed. Functionalization with phosphoric acid creates new acid surface groups — phosphorus-containing and oxygen-containing in the case of carbon and only phosphorus-containing in the case of silica gel. Enhancement of the amount of acid surface groups by functionalization improves the metal-ion binding properties of both carbon and silica gel.
33
Puziy, Alexander M., Olga I. Poddubnaya, Barbara Gawdzik, Magdalena Sobiesiak, and Myroslav Sprynskyy. "Structural Evolution of Polyimide-Derived Carbon during Phosphoric Acid Activation." C 8, no. 3 (September 19, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c8030047.
Анотація:
Carbon adsorbents were obtained by carbonization of polyimide polymer with and without the presence of phosphoric acid at temperatures in the range of 400–1000 °C. Carbons produced in the presence of phosphoric acid have been demonstrated to contain up to 13.2% phosphorus. The structure of phosphorus-containing compounds was investigated by XPS and 31P MAS NMR methods. Deconvolution of the P 2p peak with variable binding energy showed the presence of only phosphates/polyphosphates. However, a low value of the O/P ratio is an indirect indication of the possible presence of phosphonates. A 31P MAS NMR study revealed the existence of several kinds of phosphates as well as a minor quantity (1–9%) of phosphonates. All discovered phosphorus-containing compounds are acidic and therefore give carbon the ability to absorb metal cations. The study of copper ion adsorption demonstrated that phosphorus-containing carbon shows a significant adsorption capability even in extremely acidic conditions. At pH 3–6, phosphorus-containing carbon may completely remove copper from the aqueous solution. Phosphorus-containing carbon has a higher adsorption capacity for copper ions than ion exchange resins with carboxyl or sulfo groups.
34
Tian, Shu Xun, Sheng Fu Ji, and Qi Sun. "Preparation of Phosphorus Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts and their Catalytic Performances of Methanol to Olefins." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.295.
Анотація:
To improve the selectivity of light olefins, Phosphorous modified ZSM-5 zeolites catalysts with different phosphorous content were prepared by impregnation and were used in the conversion of methanol to olefins. The properties of acidity and microporous structure of the phosphorous modified ZSM-5 zeolites were investigated by XRD, N2-adsorption and desorption, and NH3-TPD. The highest propylene yield (50.82%) was observed over the H-ZSM-5 modified with the phosphorus content at 9% (weight percent). The selectivity of propylene depended strongly on the phosphorus content in the zeolites; The enhancement of propylene selectivity with increasing phosphorous content was attributed to reduction of strong acid sites on the H-ZSM-5. Modification of the ZSM-5 zeolites with phosphorous also changes the microporous structure.
35
Shah, Asad, Jing Huang, Muhammad Numan Khan, Tianfu Han, Sehrish Ali, Nano Alemu Daba, Jiangxue Du, et al. "Sole and Combined Application of Phosphorus and Glucose and Its Influence on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Biomass in Paddy Soils." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102368.
Анотація:
Soil microbial activities are consistently restricted not only by phosphorus availability but also by microbial carbon requirements. Therefore, an incubation experiment was conducted with three soils (QY1, QY2 and QY3) selected on the basis of phosphorus limitation. Results revealed that high N2O emissions, 17.44 µg kg−1, were measured in phosphorus-deficient soil with addition of glucose. In phosphorus-adequate soils, the peaks of N2O emission values in the glucose addition treatment were 20.8 µg kg−d and 24.7 µg kg−1, which were higher than without glucose-added treatments. CH4 emissions were higher with glucose addition, at 1.9 µg kg−e in phosphorus-deficient soil and 1.52 µg kg−e and 2.6 µg kg−1 in two phosphorus-adequate soils. Phosphorus added to deficient and adequate soil significantly increased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions compared to the solely glucose added soil and the combination of glucose with phosphorus. Glucose addition significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC) but decreased microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), especially in the phosphorus-adequate soil. For MBC, the highest value obtained was 175.8 mg kg−1, which was determined under glucose addition in phosphorus-adequate soil. The soil pH increased with glucose addition but decreased with phosphorus addition in phosphorus-deficient soil. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content was significantly affected by glucose addition in the phosphorus-deficient soil. Available phosphorus (AP) was highly influenced by phosphorus addition but did not appear to be affected by glucose addition. From the current study, we concluded that sole phosphorus and glucose addition increase CH4 andN2O emissions in phosphorus-deficient and also in phosphorus-adequate paddy soils. Further study will be conducted on sole and interactive effects of glucose and phosphorous on soil with plants and without plants.
36
Ma, Junhui, Javad Mohammadi, Olufisayo A. Gali, and Reza A. Riahi. "The Influence of Phosphate-Ester-Based Additives on Metal Cutting Fluid Behavior during the Machining of Titanium Alloy." Lubricants 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2023): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11070301.
Анотація:
The behavior of four phosphate ester additives with varying levels of phosphorus concentrations (very high, high, medium, and low) was examined through the course of drilling a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy at a constant metal removal rate (4.2 mm3/s). Cutting fluid (CF) additives were evaluated using torque, specific cutting energy (SEC), and tool wear. The drilling conditions employed had a significant influence on the performance of the phosphate ester additives. At 0.105 m/s and 0.188 m/s, the phosphate ester with very high phosphorous levels possessed the lowest SCE and torque values. The high-phosphorous-level phosphate ester displayed enhanced drilling performance at 0.293 m/s. At 0.419 m/s, the SCE and torque performance of the medium-phosphorous-level phosphate ester was preferable. The drilling performance of the phosphorus esters was observed to be related to the working mechanisms of the additives, which, in turn, was associated with the formation of a phosphorus-rich tribolayer and an organophosphate tribolayer on the cutting blade.
37
Norman, D. J., J. Chen, J. M. F. Yuen, A. Mangravita-Novo, D. Byrne, and L. Walsh. "Control of Bacterial Wilt of Geranium with Phosphorous Acid." Plant Disease 90, no. 6 (June 2006): 798–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0798.
Анотація:
Various bactericides were screened for efficacy in protecting geranium plants (Pelargonium hortorum) from Ralstonia solanacearum infection. Many of these bactericides were found to slow the disease progress; however, they were not able to protect the plants from infection and subsequent death. Potassium salts of phosphorous acid were found to be effective in protecting plants from infection when applied as a drench. The active portion of the potassium salts was found to be phosphorous acid (H3PO3). Phosphorous acid was found to inhibit in vitro growth of R. solanacearum. It is thought to be protecting plants from infection by acting as a bacteriostatic compound in the soil. The plants, however, are not protected from aboveground infection on wounded surfaces. Phosphorous acid drenches were shown to protect geranium plants from infection by either race 1 or 3 of R. solanacearum. Other phosphorous-containing products commonly used in the industry, such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), were not able to protect plants from bacterial wilt infection.
38
YADAV, VINEET, YOGITA DESHMUKH, ANJU PATEL, KUNDAN NARAYAN WASNIK, and PUJA KHARE. "Role of biochar on phosphorus transformation in soil and/or tannery sludge mixtures." Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 40, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v40i3.yadav.
Анотація:
Biochar is used as a solid amendment to stabilize the soil nutrients in otherwise nutrient - deficient soils. In the present study, the mobility of soil phosphorous and phosphomoonoestrases were monitored with respect to biochar amendment. Biochar amendment was used at different application rates with soil and soi sludge mixtures. Soil samples collected at different time intervals were evaluated for phosphorus levels and (acidic and alkaline) phosphatases enzyme activities. The entire data set was subjected to kinetic modeling and results showed that the data was best described by parabolic diffusion in the available and total phosphorus. Acidic and alkaline phosphatase activities follow the rate equation of power function. Briefly, our study suggests that the biochar addition alter the initial adsorption rate, diffusion of available phosphorus and total phosphorus. The biochar acts as sustainable source of phosphorus and also sustain the available phosphorus in soil and sludge.
39
Espinosa Gonzalez, Juan, Vicente Espinosa Hernández, Enrique Ojeda Trejo, Julián Delgadillo Martínez, Juan Molina Moreno, and Francisco Sánchez. "Assessing the Nutritional Effect of Lupinus montanus on Zea mays HS-2 (Intercropping) and Identification of Nodular Bacteria through the Use of Rhizotrons." International Journal of Plant Biology 14, no. 4 (October 9, 2023): 910–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijpb14040067.
Анотація:
Maize (Zea mays sp.) is one of the most important basic grains in our diets, and it requires high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus for optimum growth. However, phosphorous transitions in forms inaccessible to plants. The Lupinus genus, and more specifically, Lupinus albus, through its root clusters, or proteoid roots, has the ability to solubilize portions of phosphorous when it is found in a limited environment. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of Lupinus montanus under phosphorous stress conditions intercropped with maize, utilizing sandy soils with calcium phosphate bands. Work was conducted in growth chambers using rhizotrons, which allowed the authors to observe the growth and root behavior of both species (Lupinus montanus and maize). The phosphorus analysis in the plant tissue indicated that its concentration in maize was slightly higher in intercropping conditions than in monoculture planting. From this, we concluded that Lupinus montanus is capable of solubilizing portions of phosphorus, making it available for other crops; likewise, we also observed that the proteoid structures did not develop, leaving the study open for other wild species. In conclusion, the use of Lupinus montanus will be as an alternative in favor of more sustainable agricultural methods since it improve soil fertility in phosphorus deficient soils.
40
Wang, Bin, and Kang Bi Luo. "Preparation and Research Advance of Electronic Grade Phosphoric Acid." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.70.
Анотація:
The application of high purity phosphoric acid in industrial production is more and more widely used, especially electronic grade phosphoric acid, and the demand of it has risen year by year. This paper introduces the preparation and research advance of electronic grade phosphoric acid, expounds the principle, advantages and disadvantages and research advance of preparing high purity phosphoric acid by high purity phosphorus oxidation method and phosphoric acid purification method. Using hot process by direct method to prepare high purity electronic grade phosphoric acid is still the mainstream on the current, and the key of technique is the purification of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid.
41
Barreto, Patricia, Santiago Dogliotti, and Carlos Perdomo. "Surface Water Quality of Intensive Farming Areas Within the Santa Lucia River Basin of Uruguay." Air, Soil and Water Research 10 (January 1, 2017): 117862211771544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178622117715446.
Анотація:
The Santa Lucia River basin provides drinking water to 60% of Uruguay population. The input of excessive amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus both from point and nonpoint sources could impair surface water quality and prevent its use for human consumption. The objective of this work was to evaluate surface water quality in small catchments under agricultural use located within this river basin. To this end, 5 streams and 4 small polders were surveyed between September 2008 and December 2009. The median concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the streams across all sites and periods were 770 and 1659 µg L−1, respectively, exceeding in the case of total phosphorus national and international thresholds. Furthermore, soluble phosphorous, the most readily available form to algae, represented 88.3% of total phosphorus. Concentrations of phosphorous and nitrogen in polders were also high. The eutrophication process of this water bodies could be linked to the intensive agricultural land use in the area because the nutrient input from cities and industries was not relevant in these catchments.
42
Li, Ya Feng, Hui Yang Li, and Xin Li Xie. "Study on the Test Method of Trace Phosphorous in Drinking Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.629.
Анотація:
In order to get an accurate test method of trace phosphorous in drinking water, different test methods of phosphorus were researched. Drew standard curves of these methods, Calculated correlation coefficient of these standard curves for comparison. The result shows that the improved PMA-Malachite Green spectrophotometry was more accurate in the test of trace phosphorus, by using the cuvette with 1cm light path, the correlation coefficient of it's standard curve can reach 0.9995. The improved method is suitable for measuring trace phosphorus in drinking water.
43
Zhao, Siheng, Bo Xu, Hao Shan, Qinglei Zhang, and Xiangdong Wang. "How Do Phosphorus Compounds with Different Valence States Affect the Flame Retardancy of PET?" Polymers 15, no. 8 (April 17, 2023): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15081917.
Анотація:
This work investigated the effect of different valence states of phosphorus-containing compounds on thermal decomposition and flame retardancy of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Three polyphosphates—PBPP with +3-valence P, PBDP with +5-valence P and PBPDP with both +3/+5-valence P—were synthesized. The combustion behaviors of flame-retardant PET were studied and the structure–property relationships between the phosphorus-based structures with different valence states and flame-retardant properties were further explored. It was found that phosphorus valence states significantly affected the flame-retardant modes of action of polyphosphate in PET. For the phosphorus structures with +3-valence, more phosphorus-containing fragments were released in the gas phase, inhibiting polymer chain decomposition reactions; by contrast, those with +5-valence phosphorus retained more P in the condensed phase, promoting the formation of more P-rich char layers. It is worth noting that the polyphosphate containing both +3/+5-valence phosphorous tended to combine the advantage of phosphorus structures with two valence states and balance the flame-retardant effect in the gas phase and condensed phase. These results contribute to guiding the design of specified phosphorus-based structures of flame-retardant compounds in polymer materials.
44
Huang, Xuquan, Liang Liu, Xiaorong Zhao, Cilai Tang, and Xiaoshu Wang. "Properties of Phosphorus-Slag-Based Cementitious Pastes for Stabilizing Lead." Materials 12, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233831.
Анотація:
The properties and curing mechanism of leaded samples solidified with phosphorous-slag-based cementitious pastes are studied. The compressive strength, pH of percolate, and lead-ion concentrations of leaded samples stabilized with the phosphorous-slag-based cementitious pastes and cement were analyzed. Results confirmed that the phosphorous-slag-based cementitious paste performed much better than cement in terms of solidifying lead. The cured form of lead with phosphorous-slag-based cementitious pastes had higher compressive strength, lower lead leaching, and smaller change in pH. Higher lead content corresponded with more obvious advantagees of phosphorus-slag-based cementitious pastes and lower risk of environmental pollution. By means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer-Scanning Electron Microscope (EDS-SEM) analyses, we found that the hydration of phosphorus-slag-based cementitious pastes produced hydrated calcium silicate gels, ettringite and other minerals with large specific surface areas, as well as some leaded products that can combine with lead ions to form chemically stable leaded products. This finding well explained the high performance of phosphorus-slag-based cementitious pastes in terms of lead solidification and stabilization.
45
Wieczorek, Dorota, Beata Żyszka-Haberecht, Anna Kafka, and Jacek Lipok. "Phosphonates as Unique Components of Plant Seeds—A Promising Approach to Use Phosphorus Profiles in Plant Chemotaxonomy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 11501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111501.
Анотація:
Phosphorus is one of the most important elements essential for all living beings. Plants accumulate and store phosphorous in various forms that have diverse physiological and biochemical functions. In this study, we determine and then examine the phosphorus profiles of seeds of plants belonging to different taxa based on extractable inorganic phosphates and organic forms of phosphorus. We paid particular attention to the presence of natural phosphonates in the tested materials. The inorganic phosphates were determined colorimetrically, whereas phosphorus profiles were created by using 31P NMR spectroscopy. Our study on phosphorus profiles revealed that the obtainedsets of data vary significantly among the representatives of different taxa and were somehow specific for families of plants. It should be emphasised that the measurements obtained using 31P NMR spectroscopy undoubtedly confirmed—for the first time—the presence of phosphonates among the natural components of plant seeds. Hence, the classification of plants considering the phosphorus profiles, including the presence of phosphonates, may be a new additional chemotaxonomic feature.
46
M. Hasan and N. P. S. Sirohi. "Irrigation and Fertigation Scheduling for Peach and Citrus Crops." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 43, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2006434.1215.
Анотація:
A completely automatic drip irrigation system used in fertigation for peach and citrus was designed and installed at the IARI farm. A separate fertigation control unit was made for operation and control of fertigation of fruit crops in the orchard. Fertigation scheduling comprised two important components i.e. estimation of crop water and nutrient requirement and their application in correct dosage at appropriate stage. The water requirement varied in different months and at various stages of the crop. Hydraulic fertilizer pumps were used for the fertigation through solenoid operated hydraulic valves. The most suitable dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was found to be 30, 15 & 30 ppm in peach and 60, 30 & 60 ppm in citrus during the initial stages of growth and fruiting. The annual consumption of major nutrients per tree was found to be 354 gm for nitrogen, 160gm for phosphorus and 345 gm for potassium. Water soluble fertilizers viz., Potassium nitrate, Ammonium nitrate and Phosphoric acid were used for fertigation. Potassium nitrate was the only source of potassium while nitrogen was found in both potassium and ammonium nitrate. Phosphoric acid served the twin purpose of phosphorous source as well as cleaning of lateral pipes of drip irrigation, whenever so required.
47
Benhua, Sun, Cui Quanhong, Guo Yun, Yang Xueyun, Zhang Shulan, Gao Mingxia, and Hopkins David W. "Soil phosphorus and relationship to phosphorus balance under long-term fertilization." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 5 (May 14, 2018): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/709/2017-pse.
Анотація:
Temporal changes in the concentrations of plant-available phosphorus (P) in soil (Olsen-P), total soil-P and P activation coefficient (the ratio of Olsen-P to residual-P (i.e. an approximation to total-P)) were measured in plots that received consistent inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus organic fertilizers annually. Maize and winter wheat crops were grown in rotation for 24 years. Olsen-P and P activation coefficient declined significantly in the earlier years (< 12 years) for treatments that did not include any P fertilizer, and increased over the same period for the P-fertilized treatments. The rates of change in the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient values were positively related to P balance. In the later years, the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient plateau values were positively related to the P balance.
48
M. Alwan, Aseel, and Mohammad Ali Rashid. "PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM IRAQI TREATED WASTEWATER USING ALUM SLUDGE." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, Special (September 20, 2021): 3–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.conf.2.3.20.
Анотація:
Phosphorus is one of the most important nutrients affecting the eutrophication, so its treatment is the most important thing that must be taken before wastewater is dumped into water bodies. This paper presents a study on phosphorous removal by adsorption with oven-dried-alum-sludge (ODAS) that was collected from Baqubah treatment plant (Iraq) and preheat at 105 ° C, cool down at room temperature, and crushed into small particles of (0.8-5) mm. The effect of ODAS studied with doses of 1.25-20 g/l and found that the higher the dose of adsorbent, the higher the percentage of phosphorous removal. Contact time also studied its effect on phosphorous removal and found that it has a clear effect on the adsorption process, as the percentage of phosphorous removal efficiency increased with increasing contact time. The optimum dosage of ODAS was 10 g/l and contact time 180 min with phosphorous removal efficiency (98%, 99%, 97%, and 97%) for initial concentration of (5, 10, 15, and 20) mg/l of phosphorus.
49
Lee, Sang-Hoon, Seung-Won Oh, Young-Hee Lee, Il-Jin Kim, Dong-Jin Lee, Jae-Chun Lim, Cha-Cheol Park, and Han-Do Kim. "Preparation and properties of flame-retardant epoxy resins containing reactive phosphorus flame retardant." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502090132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020901323.
Анотація:
To prepare flame-retardant epoxy resin, phosphorus compound containing di-hydroxyl group (10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha phenanthrene-10-oxide, DOPO-HQ) was reacted with uncured epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, YD-128) and then cured using a curing agent (dicyandiamide, DICY). This study focused on the effect of phosphorus compound/phosphorus content on physical properties and flame retardancy of cured epoxy resin. The thermal decomposition temperature of the cured epoxy resins (samples: P0, P1.5, P2.0, and P2.5, the number represents the wt% of phosphorus) increased with increasing the content of phosphorus compound/phosphorus (0/0, 19.8/1.5, 27.8/2.0, and 36.8/2.5 wt%) based on epoxy resin. The impact strength of the cured epoxy resin increased significantly with increasing phosphorus compound content. As the phosphorus compound/phosphorus content increased from 0/0 to 36.8/2.5 wt%, the glass transition temperature (the peak temperature of loss modulus curve) increased from 135.2°C to 142.0°C. In addition, as the content of phosphorous compound increased, the storage modulus remained almost constant up to higher temperature. The limiting oxygen index value of cured epoxy resin increased from 21.1% to 30.0% with increasing phosphorus compound/phosphorus content from 0/0 to 36.8/2.5 wt%. The UL 94 V test result showed that no rating for phosphorus compounds less than 19.8 wt% and V-1 for 27.8 wt%. However, when the phosphorus compound was 36.8 wt%, the V-0 level indicating complete flame retardancy was obtained. In conclusion, the incorporation of phosphorus compounds into the epoxy chain resulted in improved properties such as impact strength and heat resistance, as well as a significant increase in flame retardancy.
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Broschat, Timothy K. "Effects of Phosphorous and Phosphoric Acids on Growth and Phosphorus Concentrations in Container-grown Tropical Ornamental Plants." HortTechnology 16, no. 1 (January 2006): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.1.0105.
Анотація:
Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-chinensis), shooting star (Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum), downy jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum), areca palm (Dypsis lutescens), and `Jetty' spathiphyllum (Spathiphyllum) were grown in containers using Osmocote Plus 15-9-12 (15N-3.9P-10K), which provided phosphorus (two experiments), or resin-coated urea plus sulfur-coated potassium sulfate, which provided no phosphorus (one experiment). Plants were treated with water drenches (controls), drenches with metalaxyl fungicide only, drenches with phosphoric acid (PO4-P), drenches with metalaxyl plus phosphorus from phosphoric acid, drenches with PhytoFos 4-28-10 [4N-12.2P-8.3K, a fertilizer containing phosphorous acid (PO3-P), a known fungicidal compound], or a foliar spray with PhytoFos 4-28-10. Plants receiving soil drenches with equivalent amounts of P from PhytoFos 4-28-10, PO4-P, or PO4-P+metalaxyl generally had the greatest shoot and root dry weights and foliar PO4-P concentrations. There were no differences between the control and metalaxyl-treated plants, indicating that root rot diseases were not a factor. Therefore, responses from PhytoFos 4-28-10 were believed to be due to its nutrient content, rather than its fungicidal properties. Foliar-applied PhytoFos 4-29-10 produced plants that were generally similar in size to control plants or those receiving metalaxyl only drenches. Fertilizers containing PO3-P appear to be about as effective as PO4-P sources when applied to the soil, but are relatively ineffective as a P source when applied as a foliar spray. A distinct positive synergistic response for shoot and root dry weights and foliar PO4-P concentrations was observed for the PO4-P+metalaxyl treatment when no P was applied except as a treatment.