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Дисертації з теми "Phonesia"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 18 травня 2024

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1

Mak, Yuet-sum. "Phonetic and phonemic inventories in developmental Cantonese relationship among complex features /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208371.

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Анотація:

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, 10 May, 2002." Also available in print.

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2

Liles, T., and A. Lynn Williams. "A Multiple Oppositions Approach with a Mixed Phonetic-phonemic Speech Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2078.

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3

Ngonyani, Deogratias. "Mgullu, Richard S. 1999. Mtalaa wa isimu: fonetiki, fonolojia na mofolojia ya kiswahili. Nairobi: Longhorn Publishers. Kurasa xv, 247." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-98142.

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4

Vlassov, Anatoli. "Phonésie : création-recherche d’une technique performative articulant danse et parole : ou Comment le sensible rencontre l'intelligible." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01H320.

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La danse est a priori muette. Toutefois les danseurs contemporains utilisent de plus en plus la parole sur scène. Or, ils le font comme les comédiens et non en tant que danseurs dans le sens où la parole n’est pas influencée par la danse et inversement. C’est-à-dire que la structure linguistique n’est pas modifiée par le geste dansé ni dans sa phonétique, ni dans sa grammaire ; la structure chorégraphique n’est pas non plus transformée par les mots dits, ni dans sa motricité, ni dans sa composition. Nous verrons comment ce constat que la langue parlée n’est pas agie par le corps en mouvement et réciproquement pourrait être éclairée par les réflexions des certains philosophes : depuis Platon le corps a été soumis à l’esprit et aujourd’hui c’est l’esprit qui est soumis au corps. Cette problématique d’une relation figée et quelque peu oppressive entre danse et parole m’a motivé à chercher à fluidifier ce rapport dichotomique. Depuis 2012 je développe donc la Phonésie, une technique performative qui désautomatise et réagence les liens structurels entre geste et oralité. La Phonésie met à disposition des danseurs parlants une boîte à outils à la fois pratique et théorique : les outils pratiques proposent d’opérer un montage performatif permettant au geste dansé d’agir sur le mot dit et inversement ; les outils spéculatifs constituant des concepts inventés aidant à expérimenter différents agencements soma-linguistiques. Ces néologismes parfois plus évocateurs qu’explicites participent d’une nouvelle langue hybride, volontairement conçue comme sémantiquement plurielle et performative. La présente thèse expose un cheminement de création-recherche qui, partant des œuvres phonésiques, dévoile les processus de création de ces outils pratiques et théoriques ; ceux-ci, à leur tour, sont réinjectés dans de nouveaux projets phonésiques, remettant ainsi ce gain cognitif au défi de la création. Cette poïétique s’inscrit notamment dans la continuation d’artistes venus non seulement du milieu chorégraphique, mais aussi du théâtre, de la poésie sonore et du cinéma. Au travers d’œuvres phonésiques de formes très variées (spectacle immersif, performance participative, conférence-performance, film-action, spectacle en réalité mixte, streaming interactif) le lecteur est amené à suivre les évolutions de la Phonésie en quête d’enrichissement du champ chorégraphique, voire d’une forme nouvelle d’expression qui tente d’ouvrir un terrain inédit où le sensible et l’intelligible peuvent rencontrer de multiples intrications
Dances are a priori silent. However, contemporary dancers increasingly use the spoken word on stage. The problem is that they do it like actors and notas dancers in the sense that the word is not influenced by the dance and vice versa. This issue of a fixed and somewhat oppressive relationship betweendance and speech motivated me to seek to streamline this dichotomous relationship. Since 2012 I have therefore been developing Phonesia, aperformative technique that deautomates and rearranges the structural links between gesture and orality.Phonesia provides speaking dancers with a toolbox that is both practical (performative montage between gestures and speech) and theoretical (inventedconcepts of different soma-linguistic arrangements). This thesis exposes a creation-research path which, starting from phonesic works, reveals theprocesses of creation of these practical and theoretical tools; these, in turn, are reinjected into new phonesic projects, thus putting this cognitive gainback to the challenge of creation. This poïetics is part of the continuation of artists who come not only from the choreographic milieu, but also fromtheatre, sound poetry and cinema.Through phonesic works of very varied forms (immersive show, participatory performance, conference-performance, film-action, mixed reality show,interactive streaming) the reader is led to follow the evolutions of Phonesia in search of enrichment of the choreographic field, even of a new form ofexpression which tries to open up a new terrain where the sensitive and the intelligible can meet multiple entanglements

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5

McGuire, Grant Leese. "Phonetic category learning." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1190065715.

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6

McGuire, Grant L. "Phonetic category learning." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1190065715.

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7

Solomon, Matthew Joseph. "Do readers access featural phonetic information when reading silently or out loud? an examination of the use of vowel length as a pre-phonemic featural property /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.

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8

Garner, Joshua. "Resurgence of Phonetic Responding." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437733053.

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9

Kempton, Timothy. "Machine-assisted phonemic analysis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3122/.

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Анотація:

There is a consensus between many linguists that half of all languages risk disappearing by the end of the century. Documentation is agreed to be a priority. This includes the process of phonemic analysis to discover the contrastive sounds of a language with the resulting benefits of further linguistic analysis, literacy, and access to speech technology. A machine-assisted approach to phonemic analysis has the potential to greatly speed up the process and make the analysis more objective. Good computer tools are already available to help in a phonemic analysis, but these primarily provide search and sort database functionality, rather than automated analysis. In computational phonology there have been very few studies on the automated discovery of phonological patterns from surface level data such as narrow phonetic transcriptions or acoustics. This thesis addresses the lack of research in this area. The key scientific question underpinning the work in this thesis is "To what extent can a machine algorithm contribute to the procedures needed for a phonemic analysis?". A secondary question is "What insights does such a quantitative evaluation give about the contribution of each of these procedures to a phonemic analysis?" It is demonstrated that a machine-assisted approach can make a measurable contribution to a phonemic analysis for all the procedures investigated; phonetic similarity, phone recognition & alignment, complementary distribution, and minimal pairs. The evaluation measures introduced in this thesis allows a comprehensive quantitative comparison between these phonemic analysis procedures. Given the best available data and the machine-assisted procedures described, there is a strong indication that phonetic similarity is the most important piece of evidence in a phonemic analysis. The tools and techniques developed in this thesis have resulted in tangible benefits to the analysis of two under-resourced languages and it is expected that many more languages will follow.

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10

Flemming, Edward. "Phonetic Detail in Phonology." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227274.

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Анотація:

Assimilation and coarticulation both involve extending the duration of some property or feature. The similarities between these phenomena can be seen by comparing Basque vowel raising with vowel -to -vowel coarticulation in a language like English. In Basque the low vowel /a/ is raised to [el following a high vowel. This gives rise to alternations in the form of the definite suffix, /-a/ (de Rijk 1970): (1) sagar –a; 'apple (def.)'; mutil-e 'boy (def.)'. In an English sequence containing a low vowel preceded by a high vowel, like [-ilæ-] in 'relapse', the high vowel also conditions raising of the low vowel. But in spite of the parallels between these cases, standard analyses regard Basque vowel raising as phonological whereas the English vowel raising is regarded as non-phonological, being attributed to a phonetic process of coarticulation. In this paper, we will argue that this distinction is untenable. We will see that coarticulation can affect the distribution of contrasts, and therefore must be specified in the phonology. This opens up the possibility of giving a unified analysis of assimilation and coarticulation. Analyzing coarticulation as phonological implies that phonological representations contain far more phonetic detail than is usually assumed to be the case. Vowel-to-vowel coarticulation involves fine degrees of partial assimilation in that vowels assimilate only partially in quality, and the effects may extend through only part of the duration of a segment (e.g. Ohman 1966). This conclusion thus flies in the face of the standard assumption that the richness of phonological representations should be severely restricted in order to avoid over-predicting the range of possible phonological contrasts. So before we turn to evidence that coarticulation is phonological, we will lay the groundwork by examining the arguments for limiting the detail in phonological representations and show that they are based on very questionable assumptions.

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11

Walker, Abby. "Phonetic Detail and Grammaticality Judgements." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2179.

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Анотація:

This thesis investigates predictions of an exemplar account of syntax, by testing whether manipulating socially salient phonetic detail can alter the grammaticality judgements given to morpho-syntactic constructions in New Zealand English (NZE). Three experiments are were conducted as part of this thesis. The first tested the social saliency of different phonetic variables in NZE, and found phrase final /t/, which can be realised with or without a release, to be strongest. In the second experiment, phrase final /t/ was tested further, and manipulating the release significantly altered both the age and class ratings given to speakers. The way in which it did this reflected the patterns documented in production. In the third experiment, participants were asked to rate the grammaticality of the same sentences. When the results of the previous experiment were included in the statistical model, an effect of the variant came out as significant. The more participants had rated a speaker as older with the released variant in the previous experiment, the less they rated the sentence as grammatical with the released variant. That is, only the most socially salient realisations were able to alter perceived grammaticality. Overall, the results of this thesis suggest that speaker information and pho- netic detail can affect grammaticality judgements. This supports an exemplar model of syntax. Regardless of the theoretical implications of the findings however, the methodological ones are clear. If speakers and realisations of certain phonetic variables can alter grammaticality judgements, then they must be controlled for in the presentation of stimuli to participants.

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12

Harrington, J. "The phonetic analysis of stuttering." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377223.

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13

McCallum, Sarah. "Phonemic awareness in literate adults." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394261.

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14

Hunold, Cordula. "Chinesische Phonetik : Konzepte, Analysen und Übungsvorschläge für den Unterricht Chinesisch als Fremdsprache /." Bochum : Europ. Univ.-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2707443&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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15

Taylor, Paul Alexander. "A phonetic model of English intonation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26991.

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Анотація:

This thesis proposes a phonetic model of English intonation which is a system for linking the phonological and F₀ descriptions of an utterance. It is argued that such a model should take the form of a rigorously defined formal system which does not require any human intuition of expertise to operate. It is also argued that this model should be capable of both analysis (F₀ to phonology) and synthesis (phonology to F₀). Existing phonetic models are reviewed and it is shown that none meet the specification for the type of formal model required. A new phonetic model is presented that has three levels of description: the F₀ level, the intermediate level and the phonological level. The intermediate level uses the three basic elements of rise, fall and connection to model F₀ contours. A mathematical equation is specified for each of these elements so that a continuous F₀ contour can be created from a sequence of elements. The phonological system uses H and L to describe high and low pitch accents, C to describe connection element and B to describe the rises that occur at phrase boundaries. A fully specified grammar is described which links the intermediate and F₀ levels. A grammar is specified for linking the phonological and intermediate levels, but this is only partly complete due to problems with the phonological level of description. A computer implementation of the model is described. Most of the implementation work concentrated on the relationship between the intermediate level and the F₀ level. Results are given showing that the computer analysis system labels F₀ contours quite accurately, but is significantly worse than a human labeller. It is shown that the synthesis system produces artificial F₀ contours that are very similar to naturally occurring F₀ contours. The thesis concludes with some indications of further work and ideas on how the computer implementation of the model could be of practical benefit in speech synthesis and recognition.

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16

Ellis, Errol Mark. "Mechanisms in phonetic tactile speech perception." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338072.

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17

Loukina, Anastasssia. "Regional phonetic variation in modern Greek." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496578.

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18

El-Ashiry, Mohammad Riyad Mahmoud. "Some phonetic aspects of Qur'anic recitation." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339179.

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19

Morrish, E. C. E. "A phonetic study of glossectomized speech." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355931.

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20

Barbone, S. K. "On phonetic variability in speech production." Thesis, University of Essex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375727.

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21

Goldenthal, William David. "Statistical trajectory models for phonetic recognition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11646.

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22

Masuda, Keiko. "A phonetic study of sound symbolism." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620648.

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23

McCracken, Leslie McClain. "Auditory/phonetic processing changes in aging /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487588939090055.

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24

O'Connor, Rollanda E. "Two approaches to training phonemic manipulation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7842.

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25

Heiberg, Andrea. "Coda Neutralization: Against Purely Phonetic Constraints." Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/227245.

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Анотація:

The neutralization of the laryngeal features of a consonant that is not directly followed by a vowel is a common process cross -linguistically. Laryngeal neutralization in this position has a clear phonetic cause: laryngeal features are not salient unless they are immediately followed by a vowel. Since laryngeal neutralization has a phonetic cause, it seems reasonable to characterize it directly in phonetic terms, without positing any additional layer of phonological abstraction. However, a phonetic explanation is not sufficient to account for all cases of laryngeal neutralization. For example, in Korean, laryngeal neutralization occurs in a nonneutralizing phonetic environment; in Nisgha, laryngeal neutralization occurs only in the reduplicant, although the phonetic environment for neutralization is found in both the reduplicant and the base. Although phonetics is the major factor leading to the development of these types of restrictions on laryngeal features, I argue that a phonetic account is not adequate for all such restrictions. Abstract phonological constraints and representations are necessary. Hence, two types of neutralization are possible: (i) phonetic neutralization, which results directly from the lack of saliency of cues and occurs in every instance of the neutralizing environment; and (ii) abstract phonological neutralization, which may occur where the neutralizing environment is absent (as will be demonstrated for Korean), and may fail to occur in every instance of the neutralizing environment (as will be demonstrated for Nisgha).

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26

Evinger, Kathryn Lynn. "Understanding the importance of phonemic awareness." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1628.

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Анотація:

The goal of this project will be to design a phonemic awareness handbook which will be discussed at a kindergarten staff in-service. The information in the handbook will explain the concept of phonemic awareness and its importance to successful reading acquistion. The handbook will also provide some phonemic awareness assessment inventories as well as some activities.

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27

Barden, Katharine. "Perceptual learning of context-sensitive phonetic detail." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/241032.

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Анотація:

Although familiarity with a talker or accent is known to facilitate perception, it is not clear what underlies this phenomenon. Previous research has focused primarily on whether listeners can learn to associate novel phonetic characteristics with low-level units such as features or phonemes. However, this neglects the potential role of phonetic information at many other levels of representation. To address this shortcoming, this thesis investigated perceptual learning of systematic phonetic detail relating to higher levels of linguistic structure, including prosodic, grammatical and morphological contexts. Furthermore, in contrast to many previous studies, this research used relatively natural stimuli and tasks, thus maximising its relevance to perceptual learning in ordinary listening situations. This research shows that listeners can update their phonetic representations in response to incoming information and its relation to linguistic-structural context. In addition, certain patterns of systematic phonetic detail were more learnable than others. These findings are used to inform an account of how new information is integrated with prior experience in speech processing, within a framework that emphasises the importance of phonetic detail at multiple levels of representation.

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28

Heap, Lynn Marie. "A phonetic model of the human pharynx." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/MQ36614.pdf.

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29

Neubauer, Paul Richard. "An intelligent tutoring system for phonetic transcription." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845952.

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Анотація:

This thesis presents an intelligent system for tutoring phonetic transcription in introductory linguistics courses. It compares and contrasts this system with previous intelligent tutoring systems and presents an implementation of the present system. The problems and solutions encountered in implementing the system are described.Among the contributions and innovations are the fact that this system guides the student through several attempts at transcribing a word with increasingly specific feedback, and the fact that the system is organized in such a way that an instructor can add, modify or delete data at any time with no assistance required from a programmer.A significant contribution of this system lies in the fact that although there is only one correct answer for any given item to be transcribed, the possibilities for the student's responses and hence for incorrect answers must be open-ended. The student's answer will be a string that may not have the same length as the correct answer, may contain few or none of the same symbols as the correct answer, and those that it does contain may be in a different order. The student's answer is intended to correspond to the correct answer, but is known not to be an exact match. Arbitrary strings representing the student's answers must thus be matched up with the pattern of the correct answer in such a way that the system can give the student meaningful comments that will aid the student in identifying errors. The usual pattern recognition program is designed to identify instances where a match succeeds. This tutor must identify instances where the match fails as well as how it fails.
Department of Computer Science

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30

Thompson, Patrick Douglas. "Phonetic symbolism for size, shape, and motion." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59848/.

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Анотація:

This thesis examines phonetic symbolism, the meaningful use of individual speech sounds to convey and infer size, shape, and motion. Chapter 1 presents a summary of the literature. Though there is evidence suggesting that phonetic symbolism exists and is pervasive, the literature presents several research opportunities. In nine experiments and one pre-test (total N = 357 participants), we use graded stimuli throughout, which is uncommon in the previous research. This use of non-dichotomous stimuli allows for the hypotheses that have arisen from a gestural model of language evolution and the Frequency Code to be more fully investigated. In the first set of experiments (Chapter 2), we demonstrate that phonetic marking for size is graded, i.e., it does not mark just very large and very small objects. In Chapter 3, the focus is on marking for size and shape, and their possible interactions. We show that marking for size and for shape are not as in line with each other as previous works might suggest. Marking for movement is the topic of Chapter 4, which includes moving stimuli, not just implied motion. We find that trait permanence is at play with the naming for motion tasks, with marking only occurring when naming the motion itself. Finally, a concluding chapter summarizes and further expounds on the results of the thesis, and how those results relate to the hypotheses suggested by gestural models and frequency code. The conclusion also includes a section of current and future research directions.

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31

Pummill, Kacie L. "Comprehension and Phonemic Mismatch in Disordered Speech." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1563392523769588.

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32

Sellman, R. Thomas. "Word hypothesis from undifferentiated, errorful phonetic strings /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11727.

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33

Cun, Xi. "A phonetic study on implosives in China /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202009%20CUN.

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34

Peetz, Anna. "Die Mundart von Beuren : Phonetik und Morphologie /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner Verl. Wiesbaden, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb354970903.

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35

Ham, William Hallett. "Phonetic and phonological aspects of geminate timing /." London : Routledge, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41156840q.

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36

Wallace, Roy Geoffrey. "Fast and accurate phonetic spoken term detection." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/39610/1/Roy_Wallace_Thesis.pdf.

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Анотація:

For the first time in human history, large volumes of spoken audio are being broadcast, made available on the internet, archived, and monitored for surveillance every day. New technologies are urgently required to unlock these vast and powerful stores of information. Spoken Term Detection (STD) systems provide access to speech collections by detecting individual occurrences of specified search terms. The aim of this work is to develop improved STD solutions based on phonetic indexing. In particular, this work aims to develop phonetic STD systems for applications that require open-vocabulary search, fast indexing and search speeds, and accurate term detection. Within this scope, novel contributions are made within two research themes, that is, accommodating phone recognition errors and, secondly, modelling uncertainty with probabilistic scores. A state-of-the-art Dynamic Match Lattice Spotting (DMLS) system is used to address the problem of accommodating phone recognition errors with approximate phone sequence matching. Extensive experimentation on the use of DMLS is carried out and a number of novel enhancements are developed that provide for faster indexing, faster search, and improved accuracy. Firstly, a novel comparison of methods for deriving a phone error cost model is presented to improve STD accuracy, resulting in up to a 33% improvement in the Figure of Merit. A method is also presented for drastically increasing the speed of DMLS search by at least an order of magnitude with no loss in search accuracy. An investigation is then presented of the effects of increasing indexing speed for DMLS, by using simpler modelling during phone decoding, with results highlighting the trade-off between indexing speed, search speed and search accuracy. The Figure of Merit is further improved by up to 25% using a novel proposal to utilise word-level language modelling during DMLS indexing. Analysis shows that this use of language modelling can, however, be unhelpful or even disadvantageous for terms with a very low language model probability. The DMLS approach to STD involves generating an index of phone sequences using phone recognition. An alternative approach to phonetic STD is also investigated that instead indexes probabilistic acoustic scores in the form of a posterior-feature matrix. A state-of-the-art system is described and its use for STD is explored through several experiments on spontaneous conversational telephone speech. A novel technique and framework is proposed for discriminatively training such a system to directly maximise the Figure of Merit. This results in a 13% improvement in the Figure of Merit on held-out data. The framework is also found to be particularly useful for index compression in conjunction with the proposed optimisation technique, providing for a substantial index compression factor in addition to an overall gain in the Figure of Merit. These contributions significantly advance the state-of-the-art in phonetic STD, by improving the utility of such systems in a wide range of applications.

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37

Hunold, Cordula. "Chinesische Phonetik Konzepte, Analysen und Übungsvorschläge für den Unterricht Chinesisch als Fremdsprache." Bochum Europ. Univ.-Verl, 1998. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2707443&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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38

Schoon, Alette Jeanne. "Raw phones: the domestication of mobile phones amongst young adults in Hooggenoeg, Grahamstown." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002937.

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This dissertation examines the meanings that young adults give to their mobile phones in the township of Hooggenoeg in Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape. The research was predominantly conducted through individual interviews with nine young adults as well as two small gender-based focus groups. Participant observation as well as a close reading of the popular mobile website Outoilet also contributed to the study. Drawing on Silverstone, Hirsch and Morley’s (1992) work into the meanings attributed to the mobile phone through the domestication processes of appropriation, objectification, incorporation and conversion, the study argues for the heterogeneous roles defined for mobile phones as they are integrated into different cultural contexts. The term ‘raw phones’ in the thesis title refers to a particular cultural understanding of respectability in mainly working-class ‘coloured’¹ communities in South Africa, as described by Salo (2007) and Ross (2010), in which race, class and gender converge in the construction of the respectable person’s opposite – a lascivious, almost certainly female, dependent, black and primitive ‘raw’ Other. The study argues that in Hooggenoeg, the mobile phone becomes part of semantic processes that define both respectability and ‘rawness’ , thus helping to reproduce social relations in this community along lines of race, class and gender. A major focus of the study is the instant messaging application MXit, and how it assists in the social production of space, by helping to constitute both private and dispersed network spaces of virtual communication, in a setting where social life is otherwise very public, and social networks outside of cyberspace are densely contiguous and localised. In contrast, gossip mobile website Outoilet seems to intensify this contiguous experience of space. My findings contest generalised claims, predominantly from the developed world, which assert that the mobile phone promotes mobility and an individualised society, and show that in particular contexts it may in fact promote immobility and create a collective sociability.

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39

Warren, Patricia Fisher Murray Bruce A. "The effects of training parents In teaching phonemic awareness on the phonemic awareness and early reading of struggling readers." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1807.

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40

Chu, Wai-sze Ada. "The effect of sentence type on phonemic accuracy." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209065.

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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 1995.
"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 28, 1995." Also available in print.

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41

Vindfallet, Vegar Enersen. "Language Identification Based on Detection of Phonetic Characteristics." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19506.

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This thesis has taken a closer look at the implementation of the back-end of a language recognition system. The front-end of the system is a Universal Attribute Recognizer (UAR), which is used to detect phonetic characteristics in an utterance. When a speech signal is sent through the UAR, it is decoded into a sequence of attributes which is used to generate a vector of term-count. Vector Space Modeling (VSM) have been used for training the language classifiers in the back-end. The main principle of VSM is that term-count vectors from the same language will position themselves close to eachother when they are mapped into a vector space, and this property can be exploited for recognizing languages. The implemented back-end has trained vectors space classifiers for 12 different languages, and a NIST recognition task has been performed for evaluating the recognition rate of the system. The NIST task was a verification task and the system achived a equal error rate (EER) of $6.73 %$. Tools like Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) have been used in the implementation of the back-end. Thus, are quite a few parameters which can be varied and tweaked, and different experiments were conducted to investigate how these parameters would affect EER of the language recognizer. As a part test the robustness of the system, the language recognizer were exposed to a so-called out-of-set language, which is a language that the system has not been trained to handle. The system showed a poor performance at rejecting these speech segments correctly.

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42

Cushing, I. R. "Vocal effort levels and underlying acoustic phonetic characteristics." Thesis, University of Salford, 2010. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26631/.

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This thesis presents empirical research which investigates diverse vocal effort levels in anechoic conditions from a large number of British English speakers. Five vocal effort labels were stipulated: hushed, normal, raised, loud and shout. New results show similar averages to previous work, but lower standard deviations which are attributed to the more descriptive vocal effort labels used in this study. Building on this data, a phonetic investigation into vocal effort was carried out, taking its inspiration from the natural segmental variation in speech which occurs at different vocal efforts. Speech was split into voiced and unvoiced components which allowed for a more phonetically motivated profile of vocal effort. In a bid to mirror analysis with the speech communication chain of talker to listener, listening tests were conducted where subjects rated the perceived vocal effort level of isolated words. Listeners also rated perceived clarity of articulation, taking the assumption that different degrees of clarity are an inherent feature of different speech levels. Multiple regression analysis revealed that listeners exploit the voiced-unvoiced distinction in their perception of vocal effort and clarity of articulation. The resulting validation equation from the multiple regression model showed that vocal effort levels can be reliably predicted.

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43

Wan, Aslynn. "Instrumental phonetic study of the rhythm of Malay." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1682.

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This thesis investigates the phonetic bases of the rhythmic properties of Malay speech. The aims of this research are twofold. First, it seeks to shed light on the rhythmic properties of a language that has not been analysed extensively for its rhythmic characteristics. In doing so, results are reported from the quantitative analyses based on a range of rhythm metrics (ΔC, %V, ΔV, rPVI and nPVI) derived from the duration consonantal and vocalic intervals within the speech signal. The second objective of the thesis is to test the validity of these rhythm metrics as a means of capturing the rhythmic properties of a language. As an initial stage in the investigation of the rhythmic characteristics of Malay, short study is reported of the phonetic correlates of stress in Malay. Stress is a concept closely related to rhythm, and the way in which stressed syllables are located and realised can contribute significantly the rhythmic characteristics of the language. A list of 12 words was produced in isolation and in sentences by three native speakers of the standard variety of Malay. The words were divided into three categories: disyllabic monomorphemic words, polysyllabic monomorphemic words and polysyllabic morphologically complex words. The results reveal that in words produced in isolation, duration was found to correlate with stress; word-final vowels were significantly longer than vowels in other positions for both disyllabic and polysyllabic monomorphemic word types, whilst, the penultimate vowel was significantly longer than the other vowels in morphologically complex words. However, in connected speech, it was found that these durational differences were not present. In the subsequent acoustic phonetic investigation of the rhythmic properties of Malay, the material for analysis comprised recordings of 10 sentences produced by 20 speakers of standard Malay (10 males and 10 females). The recordings were first analysed using the rhythm metrics proposed by Ramus et. al (1999) and Grabe & Low (2002). The results indicated that Malay clustered with other so-called syllable-timed languages like French and Spanish on the basis of all metrics. However, notwithstanding the overall findings for these metrics, the results revealed a large degree of variability in values across speakers and sentences, with some speakers having values in the range typical for stressed-timed languages like English. In light of this variability, further analysis was carried in order to identify any other features of the signal which might be more robust to cross-speaker and cross-sentence variability, and which might therefore offer an alternative basis for capturing the rhythmic properties of Malay. Spectrographic analysis revealed that the duration of single vowels displayed a high degree of consistency and regularity for all speakers and sentences. In order to test this finding further, the same analysis was carried out on the data from the first experiment on the properties of stress, producing a result which was consistent with that of the second experiment. The results are discussed in light of recent studies critiquing the current state of our understanding of the rhythmic properties of speech.

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44

Cawley, G. C. "The application of neural networks to phonetic modelling." Thesis, University of Essex, 1996. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/3598/.

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45

Abbasi, Vahid. "Phonetic Analysis and Searching with Google Glass API." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260662.

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This project utilizes speech recognition Application Program Interface (API) together with phonetic algorithms to search Stockholm's restaurant names via Google Glass with higher precision. This project considers the ability of phonetic algorithms and N-gram analyzer to retrieve the word and how it can be combined with automatic speech recognition to find the correct match. Significantly, the combination of these algorithms and the Google Glass limitation, e.g. its smallscreen, makes using a phonnetic filtering algorithm very helpful in getting better results.

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46

Sundberg, Ulla. "Mother tongue - Phonetic Aspects of Infant-Directed Speech." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40216.

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Phonetic aspects of mother-infant interaction are discussed in light of a functionalist Mother-infant phonetic interaction (MIPhI) model. Adults addressing infants typically use a speech style (infant-directed speech, IDS) characterized by, for instance, extensive suprasegmental (prosodic) modulations. This type of speech seems to interest young infants whose active experience with the spoken language appears to focus their speech perception on the phonological properties of the ambient language during the first year of life. This thesis consists of four articles discussing phonetic modifications at the suprasegmental, segmental and phonological levels, based on data from six Swedish mothersí IDS to their 3-month-olds. The first study concerns the tonal word accent 2 in disyllabic words, and shows how the lexical, bimodal, tonal characteristics of this accent are enhanced in IDS as compared to adult-directed speech (ADS). The second is a cross-linguistic investigation of vowel formant frequencies in Swedish, Am. English and Russian IDS. It shows that vowels like /i/, /u/, and /a/ are more clearly separated in IDS than in ADS, in all three languages. The third study addresses the voiced /voiceless contrast in stop consonants as measured by voice onset time (VOT) and shows that stop consonants seem to be poorly separated in early IDS samples. The fourth study investigates the quantity distinction in V:C and VC: sequences and indicates that this phonological contrast is well maintained in the IDS. Adult data are discussed within the MIPhI model, assuming that suprasegmental and segmental specifications in IDS follow different phonetic specification paths adapted to the infantsí capacities as these develop over the first 18 months of life. The adultsí phonetic adaptations appear to reflect a selective strategy of presenting linguistic structure in a ìgift-wrappingî that is attractive and functional for the infant.
För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se

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47

Leon, Barth Carlos. "Phoneme-based video indexing using phonetic disparity search." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4628.

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This dissertation presents and evaluates a method to the video indexing problem by investigating a categorization method that transcribes audio content through Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) combined with Dynamic Contextualization (DC), Phonetic Disparity Search (PDS) and Metaphone indexation. The suggested approach applies genome pattern matching algorithms with computational summarization to build a database infrastructure that provides an indexed summary of the original audio content. PDS complements the contextual phoneme indexing approach by optimizing topic seek performance and accuracy in large video content structures. A prototype was established to translate news broadcast video into text and phonemes automatically by using ASR utterance conversions. Each phonetic utterance extraction was then categorized, converted to Metaphones, and stored in a repository with contextual topical information attached and indexed for posterior search analysis. Following the original design strategy, a custom parallel interface was built to measure the capabilities of dissimilar phonetic queries and provide an interface for result analysis. The postulated solution provides evidence of a superior topic matching when compared to traditional word and phoneme search methods. Experimental results demonstrate that PDS can be 3.7% better than the same phoneme query, Metaphone search proved to be 154.6% better than the same phoneme seek and 68.1 % better than the equivalent word search.
ID: 030423400; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 228-236).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science

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48

Lelong, Amelie. "Convergence phonétique en interaction Phonetic convergence in interaction." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822871.

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Le travail présenté dans cette thèse est basé sur l'étude d'un phénomène appelé convergence phonétique qui postule que deux interlocuteurs en interaction vont avoir tendance à adapter leur façon de parler à leur interlocuteur dans un but communicatif. Nous avons donc mis en place un paradigme appelé " Dominos verbaux " afin de collecter un corpus large pour caractériser ce phénomène, le but final étant de doter un agent conversationnel animé de cette capacité d'adaptation afin d'améliorer la qualité des interactions homme-machine.Nous avons mené différentes études pour étudier le phénomène entre des paires d'inconnus, d'amis de longue date, puis entre des personnes provenant de la même famille. On s'attend à ce que l'amplitude de la convergence soit liée à la distance sociale entre les deux interlocuteurs. On retrouve bien ce résultat. Nous avons ensuite étudié l'impact de la connaissance de la cible linguistique sur l'adaptation. Pour caractériser la convergence phonétique, nous avons développé deux méthodes : la première basée sur une analyse discriminante linéaire entre les coefficients MFCC de chaque locuteur, la seconde utilisant la reconnaissance de parole. La dernière méthode nous permettra par la suite d'étudier le phénomène en condition moins contrôlée.Finalement, nous avons caractérisé la convergence phonétique à l'aide d'une mesure subjective en utilisant un nouveau test de perception basé sur la détection " en ligne " d'un changement de locuteur. Le test a été réalisé à l'aide signaux extraits des interactions mais également avec des signaux obtenus avec une synthèse adaptative basé sur la modélisation HNM. Nous avons obtenus des résultats comparables démontrant ainsi la qualité de notre synthèse adaptative.

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49

Harte, Naomi Antonia. "Segmental phonetic features and models for speech recognition." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287466.

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50

Lowit-Leuschel, Anja. "Prosodic impairment in dysarthria : an acoustic phonetic study." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339241.

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