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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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HO, KEN K., ERIC GANS, DANIEL D. SHIN, and GREGORY P. CARMAN. "STRESS INDUCED PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL FOR THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION." Integrated Ferroelectrics 101, no. 1 (December 9, 2008): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584580802470264.

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Kumar, Gondela Yaswanth, Kanu Priya Jhanji, and R. Amit Kumar. "Study of self-healing capability of composite material with phase changing paraffin wax and graphene." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1248/1/012094.

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Анотація:
Abstract The main aim of this research work was to conduct an experimental study of self-healing capability of the composite material by using phase changing material. The phase changing material utilized was “paraffin wax” for healing the material made up of the carbon fiber and epoxy. Three combinations of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy with phase changing materials were prepared i.e., plain carbon fiber epoxy without any phase changing material, carbon fiber epoxy with paraffin wax and carbon fiber epoxy with paraffin wax nano graphene. The fabrication of the carbon fiber composite material inside the capsulation has been done by keeping the 3d model. To identify the structural properties of the material some tests were done i.e., the tensile test and flexural test at normal room temperature and pressure. Damage was produced at the center of each specimen with the help of a Barcol hardness test machine. The Specimens were tested without indentation damage, immediately after indentation damage and after 48 hours of producing damage.
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Pal, Manisha, and A. K. Chauhan. "Experimental Investigation of Thermal Energy Storage with Phase Changing Material." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 7, no. 1 (2019): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.711913.

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Анотація:
Solar energy is the most prospective source of energy in recent years. Investigation is going on to utilize the solar energy by various academicians and researchers. The main problem in harnessing and using solar energy is its discontinuous nature. Solar energy is not available continuously for 24 hours. So, there is a need to develop a method to store thermal energy during sunshine and utilise this stored energy as per requirement. Some materials available called phase changing materials (PCMs) which can store large amount of thermal energy in the form of latent heat. This energy can be used to heat the water for domestic purposes during evening hours. In this work, an experiment was carried out on parabolic solar concentrator to check the feasibility of using phase changing material as a solar energy storage medium to heat the water. Two containers were put on the concentrator to heat the same amount of water. One container was with PCM material and the other container was without PCM material. The energy efficiency of the system with pcm storage was greater than the system without pcm storage. It means that the pcm storage system is able to trap more of the incident radiation in the form of thermal energy. The exergy efficiency of the system with pcm storage was also higher than the system without pcm storage.
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Pavadad, Aditya. "A Review on Phase-Changing Material in Battery Management Systems." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2022): 3451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45751.

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Анотація:
Abstract: Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances that assimilate or deliver a lot of supposed "idle" heat when they go through an adjustment of their actual state, for example from strong to liquid as well as the reverse way around. Even though a ton of progressions have been made in electric vehicle batteries which helps in conveying more power while requiring fewer charges, the capacity to plan a viable cooling framework is as yet a major worry for the security of a battery. Warm capacity is utilized to build the cooling limit during the hot days while utilizing the colder air around evening time to re-energize the warm stockpiling. CNT helps in working on the warm conductivity of the composite. The disadvantage of issues like PCM bundling, plan specifying, volume change, and spillage ought to be recognized for the further improvement of Phase Change Material based Battery Management Systems.
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Thayyil, Sudhin, Seetha Shankaran, Angie Wade, Frances M. Cowan, Manju Ayer, Karayapally Satheesan, Ceebi Sreejith, et al. "Whole-body cooling in neonatal encephalopathy using phase changing material." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 98, no. 3 (March 7, 2013): F280—F281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-303840.

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Feilchenfeld, Hans, and Sara Sarig. "Calcium chloride hexahydrate: a phase-changing material for energy storage." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development 24, no. 1 (March 1985): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i300017a024.

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Wang, Mei, Lang Liu, Liu Chen, Xiaoyan Zhang, Bo Zhang, and Changfa Ji. "Cold Load and Storage Functional Backfill for Cooling Deep Mine." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5435214.

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Анотація:
Considering the deep mining heat-hazard problem, the concept and academic idea of cold load and storage (CLS) functional backfill applied on deep mine cooling was put forward. Firstly, according to characteristics of filling mining, a method of cooling stopes with CLS phase changing backfill which is made from the backfill material with CLS phase change material (PCM) was proposed. The working process, cooling physics, and the economic and safety benefits of CLS phase changing backfill were produced. Secondly, the theory system of cooling with CLS phase changing backfill was built. The theoretical basis of the key problems involved was investigated and analyzed which concluded heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and backfill mechanics. Lastly, the technology system of cooling with CLS phase changing backfill was established on the basis of the required technical assistance. It includes four parts: the backfill material design, the backfill material conveying way design, the stope temperature control scheme design, and the strength of cemented tailings backfill analysis. The idea of applying CLS phase changing backfill on cooling deep mine stopes and its theory and technology systems provide a scientific research and suitable development direction for deep mine cooling.
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Li, Xianfa, Yongjun Shi, and Shuyao Wang. "Investigation of the phase transformation characteristics of Fe-Co elastrocalaric refrigeration alloy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2076, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2076/1/012033.

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Abstract Mechanical alloying (AM) and powder metallurgy(PM) have been widely used in many fields especially in the development of new alloy materials due to the advantages of simple process, high material utilization rate and accurate material ratio. In this investigation, experimental procedures were proposed to explore the phase transformation characteristics, elastrocalaric refrigeration effect of Fe-Co alloys synthesized by AM and PM. The samples of Fe-Co elastrocalaric refrigeration alloy with different phase transformation temperatures and different enthalpy changes have been successfully prepared by changing the initial ratio of Co element. The results show that the phase transformation characteristics have changed with the increase of Co content and showed different changing trends.
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Ishizuka, Masaru, and Yoshitaka Fukuoka. "Development of New Density Package Cooling Technology Using Phase-Changing Material. Application of Thermal Network Method to Phase-Changing Phenomena." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series B 60, no. 574 (1994): 2165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaib.60.2165.

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Gnanavel, C., R. Saravanan, and M. Chandrasekaran. "Numerical Exploration of Influence of Phase Changing Material in Heat Transfer Augmentation in the Double Tube Heat Exchanger." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.27 (August 15, 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.27.17751.

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Анотація:
The double tube heat exchanger is a device in which the inner tube carries the hot fluid. Phase Changing Material is the energy storage device is used for Solar heater applications to maintain the constant temperature, in the present study of this work is CFD Analysis of plain tube heat exchanger with Phase Changing Material (PCM) and without Phase Changing Material (PCM), Charging time, liquid volume fraction with the various Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) inlet temperature 70, 75, 80 deg Celsius and various flow conditions of laminar flow of 2000 Re, Transition flow of 4000 Re and Turbulent flow of 10,000 Re
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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Mårtensson, Benny, and Tobias Karlsson. "Cooling integrated solar panels using Phase Changing Materials." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16780.

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Анотація:
In this master thesis, several cooling systems for PV-systems have been looked into by doing a smaller literature review and then a cooling module for a BIPV-panel was built out from the knowledge gathered. The cooling module used a PCM material separated into 12 bags and then placed in a 3x4 shaped pattern fastened to an aluminium plate that in turn was placed on the back of a PV-panel. This was tested in first a pilot test and then tested outdoors on panels with insulation on its back to simulate BIPV-panels. Temperature data from behind the panel was gathered with and without the cooling module and then compared with each other with added ambient temperature. It was found that the PCM cooled down the panels during similar weather conditions where the outside temperature and the amount of clouds where approximately the same, and it was also found that PCM technologies needs to be more optimised in terms of its material use, the amount of material, and its arrangement for it to be used in PV-panels. An economical calculation was made and it was found that it wasn't economically viable as it takes 14 years for the PV-panel with cooling to pay for itself while it takes 13 years for the PV-panel with cooling to pay for itself. These results are then discussed in comparison to other systems and earlier work done.
I denna exjobbsrapport så har ett antal olika kylningssystem till PV-paneler setts igenom genom en mindre litteraturstudie. Därefter byggdes en kylningsmodul för en BIPV utifrån den kunskapen som samlats in. Kylningsmodulen använde sig utav ett PCM material som var uppdelat mellan 12 påsar som placerades i ett 3x4 mönster som fästs på baksidan av en aluminiumplåt som i sin tur placerades på baksidan utav PV-panelen. Denna testades först i ett pilottest och sedan utomhus på paneler som isoleras baktill för att simulera BIPV-paneler. Temperaturdata samlades in från panelens baksida, med och utan kylnings modul, som sedan jämfördes med varandra samt omgivningens temperatur. Slutsatsen är att PCM kyler panelen under liknande väderförhållanden där ute temperaturen och molnigheten var ungefär densamma, men att PCM behöver optimeras mer i form av användningen av materialet, mängden av material, och hur det sätts upp som kylning på PV-paneler. En ekonomisk kalkyl genomfördes som visar att det inte är ekonomiskt gångbart eftersom det tar 14 för PV-panelen med kylning att betala av sig själv medan det tar 13 år för PV-panelen utan kylning att göra det. Dessa resultat diskuteras sedan i jämförelse med andra system och tidigare arbeten som gjorts inom området.
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Wei, Xiupeng. "Multiscale modeling and simulation of material phase change problems: ice melting and copper crystallization." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/904.

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Анотація:
The primary objective of this work is to propose a state-of-the-art physics based multiscale modeling framework for simulating material phase change problems. Both ice melting and copper crystallization problems are selected to demonstrate this multiscale modeling and simulation. The computational methods employed in this thesis include: classical molecular dynamics, finite element method, phase-field method, and multiscale (nano/micro coupling) methods. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) is a well-known method to study material behaviors at atomic level. Due to the limit of MD, it is not realistic to provide a complete molecular model for simulations at large length and time scales. Continuum methods, including finite element methods, should be employed in this case. In this thesis, MD is employed to study phase change problems at the nanoscale. In order to study material phase change problems at the microscale, a thermal wave method one-way coupling with the MD and a phase-field method one-way coupling with MD are proposed. The thermal wave method is more accurate than classical thermal diffusion for the study of heat transfer problems especially in crystal based structures. The second model is based on the well-known phase-field method. It is modified to respond to the thermal propagation in the crystal matrix by the thermal wave method, as well as modified to respond to temperature gradients and heat fluxes by employing the Dual-Phase-Lag method. Both methods are coupled with MD to obtain realistic results. It should be noted that MD simulations can be conducted to obtain material/thermal properties for microscopic and/or macroscopic simulations for the purpose of hierarchical/sequential multiscale modeling. These material parameters include thermal conductivity, specific heat, latent heat, and relaxation time. Other type of interfacial parameters that occur during the phase change process, such as nucleus shape, interfacial energy, interfacial thickness, etc., are also obtained by MD simulation since these have so far been too difficult to measure experimentally. I consider two common phase change phenomena, ice melting and copper crystallization, in this thesis. For the case of ice melting, MD is first employed to study its phase change process and obtain thermal properties of ice and water. Several potential models are used. I conduct simulations of both bulk ice and ice/water contacting cases. It is found that various potential models result in similar melting phenomena, especially melting speed. Size effects are also studied and it is found that the melting time is longer for larger bulk ice segments but that the average melting speed is size dependent. There is no size effect for the melting speed at ice/water interface at the nanoscale if the same temperature gradient is applied. The melting speed of ice should depend on the temperature gradient. To study ice melting at the microscale, the thermal wave model is employed with parameters obtained from MD simulations. It is found that ice melting speed is scale, for both length scale and time scale, dependent. For the case of copper crystallization, an EAM potential is first employed to conduct MD simulations for studying the copper crystallization process at the nanoscale. I obtain thermal properties and interfacial parameters, including thermal diffusion coefficient, latent heat, relaxation time, interfacial thickness, interfacial energy and the anisotropy coefficients, and nucleus shape etc. A central symmetry parameter is used to identify an atom in solid state or liquid state. And then an initial nucleus shape is obtained and used as the input for microscale simulation, in which the phase-field method is used to study copper crystallization at the microscale.
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Sayar, Sepideh. "Heat Transfer During Melting and Solidification in Heterogeneous Materials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36147.

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Анотація:
A one-dimensional model of a heterogeneous material consisting of a matrix with embedded separated particles is considered, and the melting or solidification of the particles is investigated. The matrix is in imperfect contact with the particles, and the lumped capacity approximation applies to each individual particle. Heat is generated inside the particles or is transferred from the matrix to the particles coupled through a contact conductance. The matrix is not allowed to change phase and energy is either generated inside the matrix or transferred from the boundaries, which is initially conducted through the matrix material. The physical model of this coupled, two-step heat transfer process is solved using the energy method. The investigation is conducted in several phases using a building block approach. First, a lumped capacity system during phase transition is studied, then a one-dimensional homogeneous material during phase change is investigated, and finally the one-dimensional heterogeneous material is analyzed. A numerical solution based on the finite difference method is used to solve the model equations. This method allows for any kind of boundary conditions, any combination of material properties, particle sizes and contact conductance. In addition, computer programs, using Mathematica, are developed for the lumped capacity system, homogeneous material, and heterogeneous material. Results show the effects of control volume thickness, time step, contact conductance, material properties, internal sources, and external sources.
Master of Science
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Brännlund, Niklas, and Joakim Henriksson. "Comparative simulation of heat transfer in a cylinder of phase changing material : How does the orientation impact the energy discharge?" Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189132.

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Анотація:
A computer simulation was done in COMSOL Mulitphysics 5.1, on heat transfer in rods filled with phase change material (PCM). The main objective was to compare the rods rate of heat transfer at two different orientations, horizontal and vertical. Information about the viscosity gradient, velocity magnitude and temperature gradient were used to analyze the result. The vertical orientation showed a faster rate of heat transfer with a large initial difference. The horizontal placement shows tendencies to provide a more even rate of heat transfer. To analyze the simulation a literature study was conducted on the theory behind modeling phase change heat transfer coupled with fluid flow. The societal implications of better PCM technology were also discussed.
Denna rapport tittar på värmeöverföringen i en cylinder fylld med phase change material (PCM) och hur denna påverkas vid olika placeringar. De placeringar som simuleras är vertikal och horisontell. Båda placeringarna modelleras som 3D- modeller. Det förväntas bli en skillnad i värmeöverföring på grund av ett internt flöde i cylindern som skapas av förändringen i densitet och hur denna påverkas av gravitationen. Studien visar att den vertikala modellen påvisar något högre hastighet i värmeöverföring än den vertikala. Simuleringarna utfördes med mjukvaran COMSOL multiphysics 5.1. För att vidare förstå och tolka datan utförs en litteraturstudie på den bakomliggande teorin till värmeöverföring med fasförändring och denna redogör för de ekvationer som används av COMSOL för att beräkna modellerna. Vidare kopplas även PCM teknik till sociala aspekter i en redogörelse för hur denna typ av värme- lagrings teknik kan påverka samhället
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Volte, Alix. "Photo-induced cooperativity in bistable volume-changing materials." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S037.

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Анотація:
Le domaine des transitions de phase ultra-rapides est fondé sur de remarquables développements des sources d’impulsion disponibles, des THz aux rayons X. Actuellement, les techniques pompe-sonde atteignent le régime temporel de la femtoseconde, i.e. une échelle de temps plus courte que celle des déplacements atomiques. Typiquement, un laser de pompe porte un système dans un état électroniquement excité, tandis que l’évolution temporelle de la dynamique structurale est suivie grâce à une impulsion de sonde retardée temporellement. De plus, les sources laser peuvent générer des impulsions intenses, avec un nombre de photons approchant le nombre d’entités potentiellement excitées. De telles impulsions peuvent induire des états hautement excités, impliquant un nombre macroscopique d’atomes ou molécules et portant le système loin de son état d’équilibre. Ces effets précurseurs peuvent être suivis par l’établissement d’un nouvel ordre électronique et structural, et peuvent donc amener à une transition de phase du système excité. Cette approche représente une nouvelle opportunité de modifier les fonctionnalités d’un matériau : agir temporellement sur un état atomique ou moléculaire excité, plutôt qu’effectuer la commutation d’un état d’équilibre à un autre en jouant sur un paramètre de contrôle statique. De plus, les déplacements atomiques peuvent advenir selon un mouvement collectif et cohérent, d’une façon fondamentalement différente de ce qui se passe lors d’une excitation thermique incohérente. L’objectif de cette thèse était d’explorer, à l’aide de la diffraction ultrarapide de rayons X, les aspects de la dynamique couplée entre contrainte et transformation, dans le cadre des transitions de phase induite par impulsion laser dans les matériaux à changement de volume. Ce projet se situe à la croisée du domaine des transitions de phase photo-induites, de la physique des phénomènes photo-acoustiques et non-linéaires, ainsi que de l’étude des effets élastiques dans les matériaux à électrons corrélés. Nous nous attendons à ce que cet effet élastique coopératif photo-induit soit particulièrement efficace dans les matériaux bistables, montrant un changement de volume significatif à la transition. C’est le cas des composés étudiés ici, notamment dans les matériaux à transition de spin, où la coopérativité est gouvernée par le champ élastique à longue portée, émergeant du gonflement des molécules lors du passage d’un état de spin à l’autre. D’autres candidats prometteurs dans le cadre de l’exploration de l’universalité de la coopérativité élastique photo-induite, sont les isolants de Mott, qui présentent une commutation de l’état de résistivité, ainsi que les nano-cristaux d’oxydes de métaux, montrant un régime bistable à température ambiante
The field of ultrafast structural dynamics is based on remarkable developments of available pulse sources, from THz to x-rays. Currently, pump-probe techniques operate on the femtosecond time scales, i.e. faster than atomic motions. Typically, a laser pump pulse drives a system onto an electronically excited state, while the structural dynamics temporal evolution is tracked with a delayed probe pulse. Moreover, laser light sources can generate intense pulses with a number of photons approaching the number of potentially photo-excited species. Such pulses can induce highly excited states, involving a macroscopic number of atoms or molecules and driving the system far from equilibrium. These precursor effects may be followed by the establishment of a new electronic and structural order and thus may bring about a phase transition of the excited system. This represents a new approach to direct materials functionalities: timely acting on an atomic or molecular excited state, rather than switching from an equilibrium state to another by tuning a static control parameter. Moreover, such induced atomic displacements may occur in a collective coherent motion, in a fundamentally different way from incoherent thermal excitation.The goal of this PhD was to explore through ultrafast x-ray diffraction some aspects of the coupled strain-transformation dynamics, in the frame of phase transitions induced by a laser pulse in volume-changing materials. This project stands between the field of photo-induced phase transitions, the physics of photo-acoustics and non-linear wave phenomena, as well as the study of the elastic field effects in correlated electrons materials. We expect this photo-induced elastic cooperative process to be particularly efficient in bistable materials showing significant volume change at the transition, as those investigated here. It is the case of spin crossover materials, where cooperativity is governed by long-range elastic field arising from the swelling of molecules between the two spin states. Other promising candidate materials to explore the universality of photo-induced elastic cooperativity are Mott insulators exhibiting resistive switching, and metal oxide nano-crystals with a bistable regime at room temperature
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Raeli, Alice. "Solution of the variable coefficients Poisson equation on Cartesian hierarchical meshes in parallel : applications to phase changing materials." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0669/document.

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Анотація:
On s'interesse aux problèmes elliptiques avec coéficients variables à travers des interfaces intérieures. La solution et ses dérivées normales peuvent subir des variations significatives à travers les frontières intérieures. On présente une méthode compacte aux différences finies sur des maillages adaptés de type octree conçues pour une résolution en parallèle. L'idée principale est de minimiser l'erreur de troncature sur la discretisation locale, en fonction de la configuration du maillage, en rapprochant une convergence à l'ordre deux. On montrera des cas 2D et 3D des résultat liés à des applications concrètes
We consider problems governed by a linear elliptic equation with varying coéficients across internal interfaces. The solution and its normal derivative can undergo significant variations through these internal boundaries. We present a compact finite-difference scheme on a tree-based adaptive grid that can be efficiently solved using a natively parallel data structure. The main idea is to optimize the truncation error of the discretization scheme as a function of the local grid configuration to achieve second order accuracy. Numerical illustrations relevant for actual applications are presented in two and three-dimensional configurations
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7

Frutos, Dordelly José Carlos. "Active Solar Chimney (ASC) : numerical and experimental study of energy storage and evaporative cooling." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSET008/document.

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Анотація:
Les conditions actuelles de réchauffement de la planète ont mené aux pays du monde à s'engager dans la durabilité et l’efficacité énergétique et la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. En tant que troisième consommateur d'énergie, le bâtiment représente un élément clé envers l'efficacité énergétique et de la stabilisation de la température globale. Plusieurs solutions existent pour la réalisation de ces objectifs, et les travaux présentés tout au long de cette thèse concernent un composant solaire particulier à la construction externe du bâtiment, appelé cheminée solaire. Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur l'analyse expérimentale et numérique des dispositifs de stockage d'énergie, sous forme de matériaux à changement de phase (PCM), afin d'optimiser les performances de cette technologie solaire. Le but de cette étude est de caractériser l’impact des panneaux Rubitherm RT44 PCM sur une cheminée solaire en laboratoire et in situ afin de permettre une comparaison avec la version classique. De plus, un modèle numérique a été développé et testé dans le but d'obtenir un outil numérique capable de représenter le comportement d'une cheminée solaire. Enfin, une optimisation à deux objectifs du modèle numérique de cheminée solaire intégrée PCM a été réalisée afin de déterminer certains des paramètres optimaux de ce type de technologie afin d’obtenir le flux d’air sortant le plus élevé possible, tout en maintenant une température suffisamment élevée dans la cheminée atteindre la gamme de fusion des PCM
The current global warming conditions have led nations across the world to commit into energetic sustainability and greenhouse gas emission reduction. Being the third greatest energetic consumer, the building represents a major key towards energy efficiency and global temperature stabilization. Several solutions exist for the accomplishment of these goals, and the works presented throughout this dissertation concerns a particular external building solar-driven component known as solar chimney. This PhD thesis focuses on the experimental and numerical analysis of energy storage devices, in the form of Phase Changing Materials (PCMs), for the optimisation of the performance of this solar technology. The aim of this study is to characterize the impact of Rubitherm RT44 PCM panels on a solar chimney under laboratory and in-situ conditions to carry out a comparison against the classic version. Additionally, a numerical model was developed and tested in the interest of obtaining a numerical tool capable of representing the behaviour of a solar chimney. Finally a bi-objective optimization of the PCM integrated solar chimney numerical model was carried out in order to determine some of the optimal parameters of this type of technology to obtain the highest exiting air flow, all while maintaining a high enough temperature across the chimney to reach the fusion range of the PCMs
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8

TANWAR, ANJALI. "A REVIEW ON PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL." Thesis, 2023. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/20200.

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Phase Changing Material based thermal energy storage (TES) systems in buildings has become a topic of conversation among the researchers in recent years. PCM base thermal energy storage system provides high thermal storage density and that too within moderate temperature variations. PCMs can be used in active and passive heating or cooling systems. PCMs have the ability to store energy and other heat gains like latent heat within a particular temperature range, reduces energy consumption and increase in thermal comfort is observed by reducing temperature fluctuations. PCM has attracted growing attention due to its various thermal-physical, kinetic, economic and environmental properties. The construction industries are responsible for consuming huge amount of energy therefore there is need for development of new materials which can reduce energy consumption and enhance thermal efficiency of the buildings. Using PCMs in construction materials have shown significant results in terms of thermal energy storage. This article summarizes previous works on thermal energy storage in buildings, types of PCM, its classification, methods of incorporation of PCM into building materials like macro encapsulation, micro encapsulation, direct incorporation and immersion, and their current applications in buildings such as PCM wallboards, PCM cement mortar and concrete etc.
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Книги з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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Suh, Hyoung Suk. Computational microporomechanics for phase-changing geological materials. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2022.

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Roymans, Nico, Stijn Heeren, and Wim Clercq, eds. Social Dynamics in the Northwest Frontiers of the Late Roman Empire. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462983601.

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This volume explores the final phase of the West Roman Empire, particularly the changing interactions between the imperial authority and external 'barbarian' groups in the northwest frontiers of the empire during the fourth and fifth centuries. The contributions present valuable overviews of recent archaeological research combined with innovative theoretical discussions. Key topics include the movement of precious metals, trajectories of imperial power, the archaeology of migration, and material culture in relation to debates about ethnicity.
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Fabrichnaya, O. B., S. K. Saxena, P. Richet, and E. F. Westrum. Thermodynamic Data, Models, and Phase Diagrams in Multicomponent Oxide Systems: An Assessment for Materials and Planetary Scientists Based on Calorimetric, ... (Data and Knowledge in a Changing World). Springer, 2004.

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Shammas, Carole. Standard of Living, Consumption, and Political Economy Over the Past 500 Years. Edited by Frank Trentmann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199561216.013.0011.

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The phrase ‘standard of living’ is closely identified with a more-than-century-long debate in both the popular press and academic journals about the effects of the early stages of industrialization on the working class, especially in nineteenth-century Britain. This article explores when and why the consumption of material goods became the measure of the ‘standard of living’, and, secondly, what has led to its displacement in more recent times. These shifts provide insight into changing assumptions about the desirability of household accumulation. The article tracks the state of our knowledge about transformations in living standards from the early modern period on, and examines whether a longer and broad historical view has demoted industrialization as a causal factor. It looks at the promotion of well-being by limiting consumption, political economy and the emergence of a standard of living debate, human capital, public goods, poverty lines, and consumer sovereignty.
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Частини книг з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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Martín, M. Lopéz, M. Velasco-Molina, F. J. González-Vila, and H. Knicker. "Wildfire-Induced Changes in the Quantity and Quality of Humic Material Associated to the Mineral Phase." In Functions of Natural Organic Matter in Changing Environment, 425–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5634-2_77.

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Winter, Sven, Niklas Quernheim, Lars Arnemann, Reiner Anderl, and Benjamin Schleich. "Approach to Reduce the Environmental Impact of a CNC Manufactured Product in the CAD Phase." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 749–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28839-5_84.

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AbstractCO2 neutrality is an important goal for the upcoming years. It is necessary to ensure that greenhouse gases are emitted as few as possible, particularly for the development of new products. The most important decisions, with impact on the sustainability, are already made by the product designer during the virtual product development phase, such as raw material requirements, selected manufacturing process or thermal and surface treatments. Especially in the case of ablative processes (CNC), raw material has a major impact on the calculated carbon footprint of products.In order to minimize the emissions of greenhouse gases in the virtual product development phase already, this paper presents an approach to provide assistance for the product designer regarding the ecological impact of his decisions. For this purpose, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods are directly integrated into the CAD software. During the design process, the expected CO2 equivalents of the largest influencing factor - the raw material - can be displayed which is observed for most cases of metal material. In addition, the savings potential for reducing the blank volume or changing the raw material is shown and a suggestion is made.
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Thakur, Amrit Kumar, Prashant Khandelwal, and Bhushan Sharma. "Productivity Comparison of Solar Still with Nano Fluid and Phase Changing Material with Same Depth of Water." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 119–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63085-4_17.

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Kumar, D., M. Alam, and J. Sanjayan. "A Novel Concrete Mix Design Methodology." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 457–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_46.

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AbstractConcrete mix design is the methodology for mixing binder, aggregate and water to achieve required physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In particular, the physical properties depend on the volume fraction of each element in the concrete recipe. In this study we considered cement mortar, complying with ASTM C105, as the reference concrete with cement as the binder and silica sand as the aggregate. The reference mortar was denser with high thermal conductivity and compressive strength at given rheological properties. A denser concrete presents difficulty in material handling and imposes a safety risk, and high thermal conductivity increases building energy consumption. Therefore, lightweight concrete (LWC) has been developed by replacing silica sand with porous materials. LWC includes cement as the binder, with silica sand and other porous materials as the primary and binary fillers. The mass of the filler materials is determined by their particle density and volume fraction. LWC has low thermal mass, thereby exacerbating the summertime overheating and peak cooling demand of buildings. Therefore, there is a need to design a LWC with high thermal mass by incorporating phase change materials (PCM), which are mainly incorporated as tertiary filler. Here, we propose a novel concrete mix design methodology to incorporate PCM composite as a partial replacement of the porous material without changing binding materials.
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Milardi, Martino. "Adaptive Building Technologies for Building Envelopes Under Climate Change Conditions." In The Urban Book Series, 695–702. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_62.

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AbstractFollowing the widespread recognition of the urgency of environmental and energy issues, cities, now under the influence of the pandemic crisis, are called to cope with them through adaptation strategies to future scenarios that are constantly changing. At the same time, the implementation of adaptive building envelopes seems to be a promising alternative to achieve higher quality levels in the built environment, especially to counter and mitigate climate change, in line with EU directives. Adaptive envelopes can modify physical or chemical characteristics, exploiting environmental stimuli such as solar heat, temperature, airspeed, or atmospheric humidity. In this scenario, the experimental research in progress wants to define a new adaptive model by using innovative materials. It can be applied to curtain wall systems, intended as an element vulnerable to the effects of extreme events in a Mediterranean climate and more stressed by external energy flows. In this work, the author presents some parts of the research results, in which a necessary phase involved the reasoned recognition of adaptive materials for extreme applications or materials that can respond actively to possible external stresses. Research efforts are focused on the choice of the most suitable material to define the levels of environmental adaptability of the model, its constructability, and technological characterization. Finally, the performance verification of the adaptive model will be carried out at the TCLab section of the BFL of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria to develop prototypical lines that can facilitate the new approach to high environmental quality adaptive envelopes.
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Naga Ramesh, K., M. Manoj Sai, K. Vineeth Goud, K. Raghavendra, S. Amruth, and T. Karthikeya Sharma. "Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Heat Sink Using Different Phase Changing Materials for Electronic Cooling Application." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 299–310. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7214-0_25.

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Toma, Stefánia. "Counteracting the Schools’ Demon: Local Social Changes and Their Effects on the Participation of Roma Children in School Education." In Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 117–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_8.

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AbstractThe aim of the article (The empirical material leading to the present chapter results from the research effort “MigRom—The Immigration of Romanian Roma to Western Europe: Causes, effects, and future engagement strategies”, a project funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme under the call “Dealing with diversity and cohesion: the case of the Roma in the European Union” (GA319901). I also used the results and experiences of earlier fieldworks starting with 2000 in Bighal (the name of the localities were changed in order to respect the identities of the people) that were financed through Open Society Institute, Visegrad Funds, CERGE-EI through GDN and WIIW, respectively Inclusion 2007 through PHARE 2004. Earlier version of the article was presented at the GLS Conference in Nicosia (Cyprus) in 2017. The article was finalized in the framework of a visiting research programme at TARKI-POLC receiving funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 730998, “InGRID-2—Integrating Research Infrastructure for European expertise on Inclusive Growth from data to policy”.) is to inquire into the interconnectedness of large number of factors that carry the opportunity and possibility of improving school participation of Roma children in Romania.I argue that the inherent deficiencies of the educational system, starting with the structural constraints and ending with the psycho-social context in which Roma (or minoritized, marginalized, vulnerable) children learn, can be and are challenged by initiatives, strategies or processes that fall out of the immediate range of the strict framework of the educational system. Bourdieu used the Maxwell’s demon as a metaphor to illustrate the reproduction of socio-economic inequalities in the framework of school system. But this ‘demon’ might be challenged with more or less success if we step out and look for possible ‘tools’ to counteract this demon. Two such cases are presented in this chapter. One is a project implemented with and by the local Roma community using external financing and the other one is the participation of the members of the communities in international migration and use of remittances. I will emphasize that independently of the type and amount of the mobilized resources the individuals and/or communities are able to create and proactively make good use of path-departing opportunities through mechanisms of redefining and changing contextual constraints thus improvements can be observed in the school participation of the Roma children (PS. PS. The article was written before the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. Its effects seems to neutralize the positive impact of the above mentioned processes: the slow steps taken in improving the socio-economic situation of the Roma seems to be stopped; prejudices and ethnic hatred seems to be stronger; access to services for Roma communities get more difficult, including to education: in this context, a further research question is how on-line schooling changed or will change the participation of Roma children?).
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Knoepfler, Denis. "The Four Seasons of Boeotian, and Particularly Thespian, Onomastics." In Changing Names, 71–99. British Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266540.003.0004.

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More than Euboea, Boeotia lends itself to a diachronic study of personal names since the epigraphic evidence is evenly distributed across the centuries, from the 5th BC to the third century. AD. Using a seasonal metaphor; the spring season of Boeotian onomastics extends from the archaic period to the 4th century BC. For Thespiae it is represented by the great funerary monument for the battle of Delion (424) with more than a hundred names, of which many are hapax legomena. Summer is incontestably the high Hellenistic period, down to the middle of the 2nd century BC. This is also the best documented period, thanks to military catalogues. It is only around 150 BC that the autumn of Boeotian onomastics takes over from the phase here treated as the summer. Thespiae offers abundant material and is marked by the conspicuous growth in names of PanHellenic character without, however, the complete disappearance of epichoric, in particular, theophoric, names. The decrease in inscriptions after the middle of the 3rd century justifies regarding this period as a kind of late autumn of Boeotian anthroponymy, even if the most radical rupture did not occur until the beginning of the Byzantine period in the strict sense.
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Shahinpoor, Mohsen. "Review of Electrorheological Fluids (ERFs) as Smart Material." In Fundamentals of Smart Materials, 98–106. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781782626459-00098.

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Chapter 9 reviews electrorheological fluids (ERFs) as smart materials. ERFs belong to a class of smart materials capable of changing from a liquid phase to a much more viscous liquid and then to an almost solid phase in the presence of an electric field. They are essentially colloidal suspensions of highly polarizable particles in a nonpolarizable solvent. The solid phase of an ERF typically has mechanical properties similar to a solid like a gel and can perform the phase change from liquid to thick liquid like honey and then solid or in reverse from a solid transform to a thick liquid and then a thin liquid in a matter of few milliseconds. The effect is called the “Winslow effect” after its discoverer Willis M. Winslow, who obtained a US patent on the effect in 1947 and published an article on it in 1949. Note that the change is not just a change in fluid viscosity but also the emerging solid-like properties and hence these fluids are now known as ERFs, rather than by the older term electro-viscous fluids (EVFs). The effect is better described as an electric field dependent shear yield stress such as what occurs in a Bingham plastic (a type of viscoelastic material like thick honey or wax), with a shear stress yield point dependent on the electric field strength. The ERF once in a yield shear mode behaves like a Newtonian fluid when there is no yield shear stress and stress is directly proportional to the shear rate γ.
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Cantor, Brian. "The Avrami Equation." In The Equations of Materials, 180–206. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851875.003.0009.

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When materials are heated or cooled, their structure often changes. This is called a phase transformation. Phase transformations are used extensively to modify and control the final microstructure and properties of a material during manufacturing into its final product form. The Avrami equation describes the sigmoidal (S-shaped) way in which the amount of a new phase evolves, initially accelerating as particles of the new phase nucleate and grow, and then decelerating as the old phase becomes progressively exhausted. This chapter explains the development of new phases by nucleation and growth, the mechanisms of precipitation, eutectoid and martensite reactions, and the use of time–temperature–transformation curves to understand and control transformation behaviour. The Avrami equation was derived independently in the mid-20th century by Melvin Avrami at Columbia University, Robert Mehl and his student W. Johnson at Carnegie Tech, and Andrei Kolmogorov at Moscow State University. Avrami was horrified by the development of the atomic bomb at the end of the Second World War and dropped out of society to work as a caretaker on Orcas Island off the West Coast of America, before changing his name and returning as a physicist some years later; Mehl is known as one of the father figures of metallurgical science in the United States; and Kolmogorov made important advances in fields such as trigonometry, probability, topology, turbulence and genetics.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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Qu, Yurui, Qiang Li, Lu Cai, Meiyan Pan, Pintu Ghosh, Kaikai Du, and Min Qiu. "Adaptive thermal camouflage based on phase-changing material GST." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2018.sw3i.2.

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Du, Kaikai, Yue Lu, Yanbiao Lyu, Zhiyuan Cheng, Min Qiu, and Qiang Li. "Wavelength-tunable thermal sources with nonvolatile phase changing material." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2017.jth2a.110.

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Patil, Rupali, A. D. Desai, and H. U. Tiwari. "Enhancement of thermal energy storage using phase changing material." In 9TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING [RDME 2021]. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0081111.

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Guldentops, Gert, and Steven Van Dessel. "Building Envelope Systems with Transparent Solid-Solid Phase Changing Material." In AEI 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480502.021.

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Bhagwat, V. V., S. P. Salve, and S. Debnath. "Experimental analysis of a solar dehydration with phase changing material." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION (RERE-2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5049099.

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Possamai, Maria Cristina, Willi Gonçalez Osaka, Luís Mauro Moura, and Stephan Hennings Och. "NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF AN HYBRID PV SYSTEM WITH PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-0249.

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Indulakshmi, Beena, and Gopal Madhu. "MODELING AND SIMULATION OF PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL ASSISTED FLOW BOILING IN RECTANGULAR MICROCHANNELS." In Proceedings of the 24th National and 2nd International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (IHMTC-2017). Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihmtc-2017.3190.

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Dai, Chuanshan, Huajun Wang, and Liang Zhang. "Prediction of Bulk Density of Microencapsuated Phase Change Material Slurry." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52038.

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The use of phase change material (PCM) particles suspended in a liquid-phase carrying fluid can provide additional thermal capacity from the latent heat associated with the solid-liquid phase changing process. It has the advantages of capable flowing and simultaneously a high effective heat capacity in a certain temperature range. However, the bulk thermophysical properties are very specific and may vary with many parameters such as particle geometry, chemical component, fabrication technology and temperature. This paper proposed a theoretical model for predicting the bulk density of microencapsulated PCM slurry in solid-liquid phase changing process basing on a thermodynamic analysis of free energy and Gibbs-Thomson theory. The effects of particle size and distribution, mass concentration and surface tension of PCM on the bulk slurry density were investigated.
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Du, Kaikai, Qiang Li, Yanbiao Lyu, Jichao Ding, Yue Lu, Zhiyuan Cheng, and Min Qiu. "Control over Emissivity of Zero-Static-Power Thermal Emitters Based on Phase Changing Material GST." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2017.sth4i.3.

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G S, Prasanna Lakshmi, Mani P. K, S. Sangeetha, T. Santhana Krishnan, T. Udhayakumar, and M. Anusuya. "An Enhanced Optimal Design of a Phase Changing Material Based Photo Voltaic System using Deep Learning." In 2023 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Discovery in Concurrent Engineering (ICECONF). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceconf57129.2023.10084115.

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Звіти організацій з теми "PHASE CHANGING MATERIAL"

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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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