Дисертації з теми "Pétrole – Industrie et commerce – Personnel"
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Regnault, Sébastien. "Les transferts internationaux de pratiques de gestion à l’épreuve des cultures : étude du cas South-Pars 2/3 en Iran." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100020.
Повний текст джерелаThe management system developed in the South-Pars 2/3 factory during the french-iranian transfer or management practices is analyzed as a universal system and as it is adopted by the Iranians. Through those two aspects, the modernization of the organization is universal because it contributes to a better administration of technical works, and it is Iranian because it offers good solutions to local problem of organization. This modernization shows two different forms of references in Iranian culture: a culture of society of orders, a culture of society of equals. Through those two different forms of references, it is analyzed how traditional forms of social relations, of social regulations and of organization of social life influence traditional forms of cooperation mechanisms, of regulation of those cooperation mechanisms and of organization in big companies. It is analyzed how those traditional forms of cooperation mechanisms, of regulation of those cooperation mechanisms and of organization have been modernized during the transfer of management practices. It is analyzed how the French reference to the "métie1" in organization of the operation met an old Iranian tradition of "métier", to promote an efficient form of regulation of the cooperation. It is analyzed that this modernization refers to Persian culture of the Iranian culture
Abuazzah, Haneen F. "Le rôle des stratégies de pleine conscience RSE sur la qualité de la relation client : recherche dans le secteur pétrolier et pétrochimique - Société SABIC." Thesis, Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSESAM/2022/2022ULILA004.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the oldest and most prominent definitions attributed to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is that given by Howard Bowen who refers to as the father of CSR for his “landmark” 1953 book, Social Responsibilities of the Businessman “The obligations of entrepreneurs to pursue those policies, to make those decisions, or to pursue desired lines of action in terms of the aims and values of our society” (Bowen, 1953a).Later, (Carroll, 1979a) focused rather on firm obligations to certain responsibilities to society that extended beyond the economic and legal domains to include employee and community welfare, the political and educational needs of society and service to improve the quality of human life and defined CSR as: “Social responsibility of business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time”. Nowadays, CSR is recognized at the global, national, regional, and even local level, mostly as a “voluntary contribution to sustainable development” (Jurkowska-Gomulka et al., 2021). The voluntary concept of CSR views CSR as firms’ commitment to sustainability that is beyond the legal requirements.However, CSR is become crucial part of a company’s strategy plan and a real concern of many industrial companies (Widad et al., 2021). As a result, several organizations have implemented different initiatives to encourage companies to adopt CSR approaches, such as Economic Cooperation Development, United Nations Global Compact, International Labour Organisation, and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) (Shehabi et al., 2016). All these initiatives have contributed to developing a unified CSR framework known as ISO 26000 standard published by the International Standard Organization (ISO) in 2010 (Popa & Dabija, 2019). ISO 26000 defines CSR as: responsibility of an organization for the impacts of its decisions and activities on society and the environment, through transparent and ethical behavior by taking into account the stakeholder’s expectations (ISO, 2010). Socially responsible behavior of companies is expected nowadays by a wide scope of entities: mainly consumers, but also trading partners, contractors, and public authorities (Haseeb et al., 2019). Under these circumstances, CSR is no longer voluntary, but is becoming a strong moral or even legal duty (some groups of companies are legally obliged to report their non-financial activities in publicly available documents). Companies have become increasingly aware of the dangers that their activities can cause to the planet and to society in the future. Mindful company (MC) represents a company mindset of caring for society, community and environment which manifests behaviorally in the tempering on activities of which is both defeating and environmentally unsustainable
Dhib-Proréol, Najoua. "De l'ouvrier astreint au résident pavillonnaire : stratégies industrielles et transformations des modes de vie et d'habiter." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10076.
Повний текст джерелаDuque, Dutra Luis Eduardo. "Evolution technologique, structure industrielle et trajectoire des entreprises : révision théorique et étude des activités de prospection et d'exploration pétrolière." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA131039.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study the relationship between the organisation of oil contractors and markets with the evolution of geophysical and drilling technologies. In the last 20 years, there have been numerous changes in the oil industry, among them, the change in exploration is particularly interesting. However, little has been published on this subject. Five corporations (halliburton, schlumberger, dresser, baker & hughes and litton) survived from the last oil crisis and now dominate upstream of the oil industry wich comprises a heterogeneous mosaic of specialised markets (including geophysical prospection, drilling onshore and offshore, electrical logging, mud logging, perforation, cimentation, stimulation etc. ). Whereas, in the 1970's, more than 20 firms were in competition. We suggest one analyse for this transformation that is essentially historical upon a simple schumpeterien "model" and improved by new economic thoeries of innovation and evolution. We argue that this concentration was not exclusively a consequence following ten years of oil prices decreasing. At the beginning of the 1960's offshore production and the electronic revolution induced oil contractors to diversify their activities further afield from their specialities. Since then one observes on one hand, the transformation of these firms (specialised companies that turned decisivly towards multiproduction) and on the other hand, an integration coupled with concentration, which takes an inter and intra-industrial dimension
Al-Obaidy, Ali Jasim. "Stratégie d'industrialisation du pétrole en Irak." Rennes 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REN1G029.
Повний текст джерелаAbdelatif, Mahmoud. "Algerie et moyen-orient petrole, commerce exterieur, finances et developpement economique." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0053.
Повний текст джерелаThe theme of the thesis - analysis of exterior exchanges and of socio-economic development, is centered on the mena (middle east and north africa) region. The geopolitical field bears on a sample of 11 countries (274 million inhabitants), largely representative of the region. In alphabetical order (m/i = million inhabitants) : algeria (27,6 m/i) , saudi arabia (17,5 m/i), egypt (57,9 m/i ), irak (19,9 m/i), iran (59,8 m/i), israel (5,4 m/i), jordan (5,2 m/i), koweit (1,6 m/i), lybia (4,9 m/i), syria (13,9 m/i), turkey (60,6 m/i). Are excluded certain countries for which the author does not have sufficient data, such as morocco, tunisia, the united arab emirates, the yemen, oman. . . . Israel, the only industrialized country of the mena, should also be excluded in order to conserve the homogeneity of the sample of countries in development. It has been kept in order to serve as a marking point and in order to appreciate the chances of realisation of development projects decided at conferences in casablanca, amman, cairo. In the first part, the analyses bear on the organisation of the exterior commerce (gatt, omc), the lowering of customs rights, the growth of world commerce, the level and the structure of exportation and of importation of the 11 countries of mena, their exchange terms, the geographical orientation of the exchanges. The dependence of most of the countries of the region on petrol exports is specially underlined with calculations of rates of concentration in 1984 and in 1992. The weakness of intraregional commerce, except in the cases of turkey, egypt, and jordan is equally underlined. These three latter countries are also the only ones to have knotted any commercial relations with israel. Egypt and jordan have broken all commercial relations with israel in april 1997 as a result of the political problems and the doping of the "oslo accords between israelis and palestinians". The exchanges of the mena are principally undertaken with industrialized countries. In the second part, are analysed the problems of the economic and social development in relation with the result of the exterior commerce analysed in the preceding part : the balance of trade, the balance of payments, the balance of capitals and of finances, the exterior debt, the monetary reserves, the budget imbalances, the inflation, the development (very rapid) of the banking system of the e
Moshiri, Khosro. "Les sociétés pétrolières britanniques et américaines en Iran (1950-1980) : étude; historique, politique, économique, idéologique." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070135.
Повний текст джерелаHubin, Constance. "Stratégie industrielle de la Compagnie Française des Pétroles (1945-1975)." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100072.
Повний текст джерелаBetween 1945 and 1975 the French Oil Company CFP has experienced unprecedented growth. So while the company has only a single source of crude oil in 1945, it has, in 1975, a large mining estate. Throughout this period, the CFP has also been able to build an industrial base able to refine and distribute the crude oil produced by the group, both in France and in the rest of the world. How from a participation in an oil consortium in Iraq, the CFP has managed to build a large industrial group? To better understand this tremendous development, this thesis particularly studies the industrial strategy of the company. It is divided into three periods. First, between 1945 and 1954, the CFP seeks to secure its supply of crude and to increase production to meet the urgent needs of reconstruction in France. Then, between 1954 and 1965, oil production has exceeded the group's French needs, the company focuses on developing refining and distribution facilities and begins a rapid international expansion. Finally in 1965, the CFP is facing increasing difficulties, culminating at the time of the oil shock of 1973. During these three periods the relationship between the French government and the multinational mixed economy are particularly studied as well as the links between the CFP, the producing countries and major oil consortia
Barreau, Sébastien. "Alliances et restructurations : nouvelles relations entre maîtres d'œuvre et parapétrolier." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOE004.
Повний текст джерелаDandou, Wilfrid. "Les pratiques d'analyse du risque des compagnies pétrolières et les décisions d'exploration-production." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020136.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to analyse how oil companies deal with risks in exploration-production. It starts with an introduction to oil companies and the evolution of the oil market structure over time. Then, the different kinds if risks petroleum companies have to contend with in exploration-production are presented. A search of information risks in oil contracts is done in chapter 4. Chapter 5 deals with the questionnaire on the process of decision making in exploration-production. This questionnaire has been elaborated and sent to oil companies to provide us with additional information. The way risks are generaly treated by companies in analysed later on. The last chapter finally decisions models suggested for exploration-production and their practical uses
Serfati, Thierry. "La NIOC, instrument de la politique pétrolière iranienne : 1951-1990." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU10018.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1988, the periodical "Petroleum intelligence weekly" named the N. I. O. C. As the fifth largest oil conglomerate in the world. This itself is indicative of developments since the nationalisation in 1951 of the Iranian oil industry, and the creation in the same year of Iran’s publically owned oil corporation, the "National Iranian Oil Company". The N. I. O. C. Was established to formalise the public ownership of the Iranian oil industry, and has been used from the outset as the tool of the Iranian government to implement its policy towards the oil industry, namely: - at the beginning, to create and form the Iranian oil industry, - subsequently, as a means of developing the industry in the light of new political and economic realities. - finally, as the promoter of countertrade for the Iranian oil industry, notably during the eight year Iraq-Iran conflict. From the end of the war (about mid-1988), the N. I. O. C. Further developed its role as "adaptor" of the Iranian oil industry within the context of the accelerated reconstruction of the national economy. This is a task which, in July 1990, is still continuing. .
Berthaud, Pierre. "Essai sur l'évolution de l'économie globale à partir de l'étude de sa composante pétrolière." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21035.
Повний текст джерелаFounded upon the precursoy works of schumpeter (on "economic development"), of perroux (on power and economic spaces), of keynes (on "monetary economics of production") and, more recently, on the elements of the french regulation theories (on "productive system" and the crisis), we sut up an essay on the global evolution of industrial capitalism such as it appears when we consider it within one ot its particular atypical component of activities namely, the petroleum industry in its relation with the energy sector. The first part defines and connects together the fundamental notions in an outlook closely intertwing economics and politics, the monetary and the real world. It shows the necessity to have priliminary ideas concerning the productive system which is jointly the subject and object of the evolution in order to understand to what extent the specific development of the petroleum industry and the energy sector is a factor of the global development -while, at the same time, it is an example illustrating the main stages of that evolution. In the second part, we analyse the regulation and the crises of the american productive (petroleum) system between 1920-21 and to-day. From this study, there follows a number of questions concerning the nature of changes at work since the end of the sixties, as far as the petroleum industry and the global economy are concerned but
Aoun, Marie-Claire. "La rente pétrolière et le développement économique des pays exportateurs." Paris 9, 2008. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/theses/2008PA090034.
Повний текст джерелаMoya, Sarah. "Les compagnies pétrolières nationales latino-américaines à l'aube du troisième millénaire : déclin ou consolidation ? : 3 cas d'études Petrobras, Ecopetrol et PDVSA." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030151.
Повний текст джерелаCurrently, far from disappear, National Oil Companies (NOC's) keep playing a key role in the upstream of the oil industry. And yet in the 90's, the main normative thesis on NOC's foresaw their disappearance and considered that this transmutation was mainly due to the state presence within these companies, in particular because of the lack of efficiency which caracterizes a lot of NOC's. Nevertheless, this work shows that these issues are much more complex and have more of political than economic nature. In order to understand the redefining of the roles of these NOC's, we analyzed the political-institutional, economical and legal context of the oil sector in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Thus, the results have shown that what is at stake in the upstream of the oil industry, it is not the property of NOC's, id est, their privatization, but the control of access and administration of hydrocarbons
Al-M, Hiwesh Mahir. "Croissance économique à base de pétrole : le cas de l'Irak." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA02T008.
Повний текст джерелаBenabdallah, Youcef. "Economie rentiere et surendettement. Specificites de l'algerian disease." Lyon 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1999/ybenabdallah.
Повний текст джерелаSarret, Patrick. "Modélisation numérique des champs de fractures des massifs rocheux : application à l'industrie pétrolière." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10018.
Повний текст джерелаMboumba-Mboumba, Placide. "L'administration du secteur pétrolier au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON10021.
Повний текст джерелаStudying the administration of the petrol sphere in congo presents a very peculiar interest. The purpose is to contribute to the effort of reflection which has to be done to explain the paradox of the rich oil state though poor and miserable. Because useless is the effort which does not contribute to get over the troubles of the society, the study does not keep itself within the bounds of a mere understainding of the problem, therefore it intends to solve it out. Indeed, the enterprises which are involved in the production and trade of oil share an important prqt of responsability in the trouble which oppresses this country. But the state is not the less implicated in it. As a matter of fact, it is the starting point of the harm, because of the gaps in its oil legislation, and the slackness in its appliance. Hence, following the way paved by the venerable universal institution bird, but not without limitation, the study aims at improving the exploration and the oil working legislation, including the sensitive fields of the financial oil organisation and protection of environment which endure these damages. Changes in the present agreements are on a equal footing with concluding new types of agreements
Kalandar, Hassan. "Modélisation autorégressive vectorielle du marché pétrolier." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10026.
Повний текст джерелаDos, Santos Edmilson Moutinho. "Approche évolutionniste de la compétitivité des activités amont de la filière pétrolière dans une perspective de long terme." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOE003.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to analyze the concept of competitiveness of companies and nations in the upstream sector of the international oil industry, trying to identify the possibilities of future development of this sector as well as the interactions that may exist between different actors such as governments, consumers and oil companies to boost or relaunch the competitive position of their enterprises and countries in the international context of the industry. In order to attain that, we analyze the developments of the most important economic attributes that characterize the oil activity as well as its most crucial political aspects. We develop a model of "oil competition" and a definition of "oil competitiveness" that take clearly into consideration both the differences between various oil actors and the dynamic aspects linked to the evolution of the oil industry. We do so by constructing an evolutionist model of competition and competitiveness. This approach emulates a "biological process" where firms and the economic environment interact with each other within a process similar to "natural selection" with the survival of the fittest. This evolutionist model adopts some analytical instruments established by Michael Porter, from the university of Harvard, to interpret the changes and the dissimilarities of behavior of various oil actors as well as to explain their respective role in the new oil world that is being organized. Thus, we introduce the notions of "dominant form of competition" and "generic strategy of enterprises". Then, we use our methodology to analyze the past of the oil industry (the stability and the instability). We conclude this work by discussing about the future evolution of the oil activities in the context of a new long term cycle of investment for the sector
Irabor, Augustin. "Marché pétrolier et modèle de développement économique : cas du Nigeria." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020127.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to discuss the effets of oil revenue on the nigerian economy and to analyse the country's petroleum strategies. It's therefore necessary to elaborate a core model capable of illustrating the ways through which the oil influences the structure and economic planning in the country. The inflow of foreign currency and cornucopia of natural ressources led to structural changes on the one hand and country's acute dependence on foreign capital on the other. The analysis of this phenomenon and its implications on developing economy like that of nigeria requires some theoretical framework both on economic and oil market level. Suggestions made, was the result of a comparative analysis of different thoeries and historical facts of international oil market and the existing econometric models on the economy of nigeria. This work provides room for several strategies in terms of energy and development policies based on both oil and non oil productions of the economy. The increase in exports and a favourable balance of trade endorsed with adequate allocation of available resources will help boost the manufacturing and industrial activities
Alkazraji, Thouria. "Le pétrole et le modèle du développement irakien : les effets économiques et spatiaux." Montpellier 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON30024.
Повний текст джерелаIraq or mesopotamia as it was named before, owes much of its modern development to oil, as it has owed its very life since the dawn of human civilizations, in the days of the terraced gardens, to its two rivers, tigris and euphrates. As a matter of fact, iraq, since oil has been discovered, and more particularly, since its hydrocarbures have been nationalized in 1972, has met important transformations at the socio-economic level. Thanks to these transformations due to productive capacities and oil stocks, iraq has been able to carry out its economic development. Nevertheless, this multilateral development has not had a less important impact upon the social aspects (demography, emigration, urbanization, way of life, family life and structure etc. . . ) these are the points this research paper aims to bring out, even if the study is limited to the year 1980, when the iraq-iran war broke out. Iraq will certainly take up the period prior to 1980 again, as far as its development is concerned
Nnajiofor, Peterson. "Une étude du nouvel impérialisme : les compagnies pétrolières transnationales américaines et européennes dans le delta du Niger au Nigeria." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100052.
Повний текст джерелаUsing their activities in the Niger Delta of Nigeria as a case study, this thesis examines the role of transnational corporations as extended arms of the new imperialism led by the U. S. Our working hypothesis is that the U. S. Is a full-fledged imperialist power and that transnational corporations are modern extensions of the imperialist mission which debuted with the triangular trade and colonialism, and still continues in the post-independent era in developing nations. Part 1 of this thesis takes a critical look at the history of Nigeria. It also traces the link between current transnational companies and the old imperialist system and establishes a link between the current conflict and the past history of the country showing that this conflict cannot be fully apprehended without taking the past history into account. Part 2 analyses the impacts of the harmful activities of petroleum transnational corporations on the people of the Niger Delta and their environment. It presents the various measures taken by the Nigerian government in order to regulate the oil industry and how these policies affect the people of the Niger Delta. It explains how some of these harmful activities like Oil spills, pipeline explosions, gas flaring, etc, affect the Niger Delta people and their environment. This research also looked at the complex relationship that exists between the Nigerian government and the transnational corporations. Based on the findings of this research, we arrived at the conclusion that the ubiquitous presence of transnational corporations in Nigerian socio-political and economic life is tightly linked to the situation in the Niger Delta
Danadji, Issac. "Le pétrole dans le développement économique du Tchad." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE0506.
Повний текст джерелаHamrour, Abderrahmane. "L'industrie pétrochimique et le développement des pays exportateurs de pétrole membres de l'OPAEP." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOE008.
Повний текст джерелаEmami, Parvaneh. "L'Industrie pétrolière en Iran, 1970-1978 : ses effets d'entraînement sur l'économie iranienne." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070020.
Повний текст джерелаHaefelin, Arnaud. "Le rôle de l'innovation technologique comme facteur de structuration de la sous-filière parapétrolière." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010056.
Повний текст джерелаThe oil industry chain is wide : it starts from the exploration of oil and ends with the gasoline for the car tank. Within the industry chain, we can find a activity which becomes more and more important : the "oil and gas services industry". The upstream of the industry is made of two main activities : the exploration and the production. Step by step the majors began to use smaller firms as subcontractors in order to further reduce their cost and to benefit from new technologies available. The purpose of this thesis will be to analyze the influence of the technological evolution on one hand on the cost and market structure, on the other hand on the firms found on the branch. In order to conceptualize the influence of new technology, we will be using different concepts as : - the advantages of the big sized firms. - the diffusion process by schumpeter. - the cycles and innovation strategy. - the technological race concept. - the subcontracting theory. In the oil branch, the most important point of the technological evolution is innovation, which influences the market structure in creating a oligopolistic structure in the industry. The two main components in oil and gas services industry which have benefited from new technologies are geophysics and drilling. Because of the innovation, both of them have been and will be completely transformed by the effect of diversification, segmentation and by the search of cost reduction
Nan-Nguema, Sandrine. "Mémoires pétrolières au Gabon." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070076.
Повний текст джерелаGabon's Petroleum memories began in the early 1900s. They are rooted in older memories from which they were fed. Territorial and genealogical knowledge of the nomad tribes represented the main aspect of collective memory during Gabon's pre-colonial period. Memory was transmitted through orality in a context of slavery. This context caused the appearance of a social hierarchy within tribes and among those established along the river Ogooué. Slavery was the first economic cycle to bind Europe to future Gabon. With the colonisation new memory contents based upon specialised economic cycles reshaped Gabonese societies. These cycles were mainly concentrated on small land extensions, in a little country counting few people. The exploiting of the Okoumé was the last of these cycles ; it started at the beginning of the 19th century thirty years before the petroleum conquest would follow the colonial and precolonial cycles inheriting and remoulding their own memories. The first Oil discovery in Gabon on the Mandji Island in 1956 occurred few years before the independence, in 1960. Once again, all the human energies of the country were focused on this cycle, which "petrolized" and urbanized the coast. This cycle reinforced the social hierarchies that pre-existed while adding new ones : national professional categories separated "Expatriates" from "Africans", and "Managers" from "Non Managers". An oil ideology was emerging. Written, it served both the Gabonese state and the oil company. Meanwhile, an orality of an injured memory was spoken among the lower classes of society. These memories were mixing, getting richer with the impact of politics and religion through collective or individual strategies of identity defence
Preure, Mourad. "L' économie mondiale des hydrocarbures et la stratégie d'un groupe pétrolier issu d'un pays producteur : cas cités, SONATRACH (Algérie), KPC (Kowei͏̈t), PEMEX (Mexique), PDVSA (Venezuela)." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOE015.
Повний текст джерелаRatle, Alexandre. "Vers une définition économique de l'avantage concurrentiel : application à la restructuration d'Exxon, Mobil, Chevron et Texaco de 1982 à 1997." Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090032.
Повний текст джерелаBrillault, Sylvain. "La distribution des produits pétroliers : contribution à l'étude des relations entre les règles juridiques et la politique commerciale des entreprises." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN20006.
Повний текст джерелаDistribution of oil products analyses operations dealt on the market as well as juridical and commercial ties existing between oil dealers that aim to dispatch oil products from refineries to the final consumer. This distribution takes place inside a network composed of different channels whose definition is a function of routes used. Depending on the network channel, legal ties between oil companies and other agents completely change. The organization of the distribution also varies in accordance with the type of product coming out of the refinery. This abundance of legal approaches takes shape whiting networks owned by the economical actors (refiners or hypermarkets). Distribution law can be considered either as a constrain law that shapes the market depending on state policy or protect some middlemen or as a tool to be used to achive economic targets. Today’s network is the outcome of fifty years evolution and transformation of the distribution of oil products within an atypical frenches market. The evolution of the strategies of oil companies lead to increased distribution means and to larger economical and juridical subordination of oil middlemen. In that field the law answers a need and assists economical agents in their strategic choices. It is worth drawing together the decision making of the unit and operational manager with distribution agreements and legal rules: this thesis is dedicated to a presentation of the oil network and also deals with the strategies implemented by the oil agents inside this market
Rey-Fabret, Isabelle. "Les réseaux de neurones pour la modélisation des écoulements d'effluents dans les pipelines." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0513.
Повний текст джерелаTACITE software gives a model of gas/liquid flow in the pipelines. It is composed of a thermodynamic module, an hydrodynamic module and a numerical scheme. It sometimes encounters difficulties because of the non derivability of the hydrodynamic function. The aim of the tesis is to assume the derivability of the hydrofynamic function. The aim of the thesis is to assume the derivability of this function by usin neural networks methodology. By analysing the problem, a multi-experts neural network is proposed. Its structure is based on the TACITE hydrodynamic module's one. The use of the HVS selection of varainles increases the model performances. Different integration tests in TACITE show that it is able to replace the TACITE hydrodynamic model, and can improve TACITE robustness. In conclusion, this thesis proposes a derivable model to globally reproduce the complex hydrodynamic phenomena generated by two phase flows
Farvardin, Fereidoon. "L'OPEP et le marché mondial du pétrole : (1980-2000)." Paris 13, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA131006.
Повний текст джерелаThe general themes of this research work can be summarized as : - oil, because it is critical to world economy, and is still relatively cheap to extract, will remain the premium residual energy source (and therefore its market the energy price setter) well into the next century. - in the areas other than the persian gulf region of the middle east, oil is becoming difficult to extract and therefore more expensive. - according opec's oil exporting countries of the persian gulf are in the market to stay through the rest of the century. - because of some inherent characteristics of the oil market price movements are likely to continue to exhibit strong fluctuations. Instability could be worsened not only by new shocks but also by shifts in the market power. Thus the market will retain potential to damage the interests of both oil exporting and oil importing countries
Grech, Fabien. "L'Etat et la sécurité énergétique." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0037.
Повний текст джерелаThe energy security is defined as the capacity, for a state, to fullfil the energy needs of its population, at any time, under various formes, at affordable prices, and in the respect of the environment. These cumulatives conditions make its achievement very challenging. Involving a plural style of policys – energy, economic, fiscal, industrial, scientific, territorial, environmental, diplomatic, etc…, it fits perfectly into the concept of global security. This notion of energy security is refering to the state, and more specificly to the western one, industrialised and fossil fuels consumer, as it depends on an external supply of oil and gas mainly. Energy is a highly competitive sector of wich the power relationships are more often expressed in terms of vulnerability and crisis – oils price shocks in the 1970’s, gas crisis in the 2000’s. It is even more in the context of the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels, economic globalization, emergence of new players, and global warming, who exacerbates state’s sovereignty, even if said in crisis. In a purely domestic setting as in the international cooperation, the state has since been active in a normative process more or less binding, directing it on the path of an energy transition, wich of the two main lines are the energy efficiency and the development of non-carbon energy mix – in wich, aside from renewable energies, the role of nuclear is an issue of discussion
Pakfar, Parviz. "Les revenus du pétrole et les changements sociaux et économiques de l'Iran depuis 1960." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H012.
Повний текст джерелаHachana, Rym. "La gouvernance et la performance des entreprises petrolières." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090074.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of this thesis describes the different mechanisms of governance established within oil companies. These mechanisms are included in stockholding and stakeholding vision. The second part of this thesis aims to verify empirically –with the help of econometric tests- the relationship between performance and governance of the first nine oil companies during 1998-2002. By adopting a dynamic vision of the performance as developed by the “Balanced Scorecard” theory, we have evaluated the link between governance and oil companies performance, thanks to three attributes of governance which are: property structure, internal control mechanisms and managerial entrenchment. Our small sample was not an handicap to underline the existing interaction between governance mechanisms, the investment and financing strategy and petroleum companies performance
Gosselet, Adam. "Inversion conjointe d'arrivées réfléchies de surface et d'arrivées directes au puits par tomographie de pente." Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1266.
Повний текст джерелаSeismic tomography, which aims to determine propagation velocities of waves in the subsoil, is a key point in obtaining accurate geological images in petroleum exploration. The methodology proposed here consists in inverting both seismic waves traveltimes and slopes and jointly uses surface data and direct borehole arrivals. These latter allow better reliability of the velocity field because they can provide more accurate values and enhanced depth fitting. Using slopes, they can be retropropagated in the inverted model in order to assess its quality in terms of focusing capability. The method is applied on two data sets. First one provides borehole data only and is unable to correctly constrain model parameters, due to lack of coverage at surface. Second one demonstrates that joint use of surface and borehole data provides enhanced seismic images compared to use of surface data alone
Isabelle, Marc. "Accélération technologique et transformations organisationnelles dans l'industrie d'exploration-production d'hydrocarbures." Dijon, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003692.
Повний текст джерелаThe upstream oil and gas industry experienced a dramatic technological acceleration in the early 1970's. The relationships between the agents in this industry have themselves undergone deep changes since that date. This thesis shows that a tight link exists between the technological acceleration and the organizational transformations in the upstream oil and gas industry. In a first part, it focuses on the economic theory's developments concerning industrial organization. In a second part, it applies these developments to three types of relations: those between the owner-states of hydrocarbon resources and the international petroleum companies; those between the international petroleum companies and their subcontractors; and finally those between the international petroleum companies themselves
Costaz-Covet, Gaelle. "Les aspects de la défense économique française dans la politique énergétique : exemple du pétrole." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO33018.
Повний текст джерелаLavagne, d'Ortigue Pauline. "Un empire dans l'Empire ? : les villes de l'Anglo Iranian Oil Company et le modèle britannique de colonie pétrolière." Lille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL30032.
Повний текст джерелаBritish towns in Iran Where people speak English, Bakhtiyâri, Persian, Arabic, Hindi, Burmese and Lori ; where one finds modernist architecture, proper drains, cricket fields, Laurence Olivier films, haggis and chutney. . . Surely cannot exist. In fact, they do not exist as such any longer, but they did. At the beginning of the XXth century, Iran was a sovereign, rural and agricultural country. After years of wild-catting, a handful of persistent British geologists discovered vast oil fields in the semi-autonomous province of Khuzistan. The single-industry enclave which was developed there, remained under the control of the Anglo Iranian Oil Company for half a century. Combining industrial logic and colonial culture, the company built a comprehensive urban infrastructure for its British, Indian and eventually Iranian employees. Created ex nihilo, its establishments were the first modern industrial Iranian towns, the largest British single investment abroad at the time, and the locus of a history as concentrated as it was conflicted. Following the rationalisation of the Iranian oil industry in 1951, 60% of the urban population of Khuzistan lived in these towns which had not existed fifty years earlier. This dissertation investigates the way they were planned, built, administered and inhabited
Bikam, Peter. "L'industrie pétrolière et l'aménagement de la distribution de ses produits : impacts et perspectives dans l'Est nigérian." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040019.
Повний текст джерелаThe study presents the problems of the petroleum industry of Nigeria, a major oil producing country but faced with the frequent shortages of petroleum products. The study examines the paradox surrounding fuel distribution crisis in Nigeria, particularly the case of the eastern states of the country where many oil wells and petrochemical industries are situated. The method of research adopted is based on a chronological, subjective and quantitative approach to the stated hypothesis. Nigeria is a member of the organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) and one of the principal African oil producing states, (2 million barrels per day). The country is faced with the problems of petroleum products distribution since 1974. Although being a major oil producing country, the effective distribution of fuel is not adequately organized inside the country. The scarcity of petroleum products has negative impacts on industrial, domestic, commercial and motor vehicle consumers. The artificial shortages of refined petroleum is responsible for high inflation rates in the country and as a results of this, the quality of life of the local population has deteriorated. In view of the fact that urban and rural dwellers in Nigeria are highly dependent on petroleum products to commute between different locations to transact businesses and perform other social activities, the effective distribution of the products is an indicator of economic growth which should be sustained. The study inquires on the impact of fuel scarcity on the level of economic performance in the country. The study also highlights the problems facing the petroleum industry in Nigeria, the potentials and future planning perspectives to be envisaged. The findings of the research shows that there is a correlation between the periods of fuel scarcity and high inflation rates in the country. The research proposal stresses the need for an effective fuel distribution system that can enhanced positive economic gains in the petroleum industry. The conclusion of the study stresses the need for an active private participation in the oil sector as a way of liberalizing and promoting a more competitive market oriented economy in the oil industry of Nigeria
Campos, Mario Cesar Mello Massa de. "La simulation dynamique et l'intelligence artificielle pour l'élaboration de stratégies de contrôle-commande multivariable flou : application à une unité de craquage catalytique en phase fluide." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0544.
Повний текст джерелаRezaiezadeh, Baravati Mohammad Javad. "La crise pétrolière et ses répercussions internationales et en France." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2A001.
Повний текст джерелаThe oil crisis broke out in the seventies, its results were rather beneficial to the producers and harmful to the consumers. The crisis showed itself in a rise of oil prices and a decrease in production. Not only was the field of oil industries upset, but international economic relationships were called into question too. The crisis enabled oil producing countries to get themselves out of international companies'supervision by forcing the fixed price of crude oil on them and by getting rid of their old concessions. Higher oil prices were a painful blow to western countries whose economies were based on oil imports and a more painful one on developing countries. They accelerated the pace of inflation and entailed big problems for the balances of payments in such countries. The result for France in 1974 was a 16,9 billion trade deficit. France's reaction to the crisis was different from other western countries' and oil companies'. It did not agree with the american thesis : a unified body of consumers so as to break the solidarity of producing countries. It refused to join the international agency for energy and proposed a tripartite conference on energy (. . . )
Ndoutoumé, Ngome Jonathan. "Les aspects géopolitiques et géostratégiques de l'exploitation pétrolière dans les pays du golfe de Guinée." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT3007.
Повний текст джерелаThe Middle-East, the world’s largest oil producer, no longer seems to be suffiscient guarantee for the current demand, not because its huge oil reserves are empty, but due to the insecurity and instability prevailing there. That is why other areas of production, such as the Gulf of Guinea, gain access to this new oil geopolitics the world knows. The Gulf of Guinea is an area endowed with abundant oil reserves in sea. Though those undeniable potentialities, far from contributing to socio-economic rise, oil turns out to be rather a factor of competition among powers, geopolitical tension among and within states in the Gulf of Guinea. This situation stems from the crucial role played by African states as providers of raw materials. It is what this dissertation tries to demonstrate through the description, the analysis of the geopolitical and geostrategic aspects of oil exploitation in the states of the Gulf of Guinea. This study proposes a global thought on the necessity of good governing in the area, in order to obtain a sustainable and balanced exploitation of oil
Perruchet, Denis. "Structures, performances et stratégies des groupes pétroliers internationaux." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOE020.
Повний текст джерелаInternational oil companies are among most important actors of petroleum markets. Industrial firms of big size, the oil companies operate in number of activities and through many countries. Across important changes and more and more uncertainly, the oil companies adapt themselves by transforming their strategies. Main structives of international oil companies are described, by an analysis of firms size, grographic diversity, vertical integration, diversification of activities and internal organization. Morvover, links between structures and performances are studied. Industrial and commercial performances show that technological superiority is fundamental. Besides, strong economical and financial performances go with dynamic management. Finally, a typology of 56 main international oil companies is built. The evolution from 1980 to 1990 show transformation of competitive positions. However, strategies employed appear relatively stables, given risk minimization goal and research of flexibility. Therefore, competitive analysis is more and more appealing
Cherif, Mohamed-Jallel. "Adaptation des payes arabes à uine nouvelle donne pétrolière." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090038.
Повний текст джерелаThe contribution of oil in the economic growth of arab countries is relatively considerable, but the actual condition of sales and reserves of hydrocarbon of certain countries in the O. A. P. E. C. C appears to be reaching an unquestionable high level. The need for a rapid distribution of oil revenues through accelerated industrialization justifies itself in point of fact concerning this new oil deal. The object of thesis is the study of the dynamics of oil reserves in relation to that of economic activity. In this research we have attempted to deal with the following three themes. - the evolution of different sources of energy - the industrial valorization of hydrocarbons - the 'large-scale' economic results of oil expropriation and subsequent oil stratagies. These are the three points which have been approached in this thesis
Tonderi, Astiage. "L'analyse structurale d'économie pétrolière en Iran : 1900-1975." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100060.
Повний текст джерелаRamousse, Didier. "Stratégies d'industrialisation, organisation de l'espace et insertion du Vénézuela dans l'économie-monde des pôles de développement à la reconversion du système technico-industriel." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030028.
Повний текст джерелаWhen the substitutive industrialization model is applied in a state with an economy based on oil revenues, such as is the case of venezuela, the outcome is an accelerated process of superficial modernization deeply rooted in ineffective patterns of organization. Since the decline of oil prices and the inflation of external debt, the country was faced with a difficult transition towards a more productive and competitive economy. This evolution was slowed down by persisting and unavailable organization frames. Two strategies of industrialization have been used during the second half of the 20th century. The first one, in a favorable economic conjuncture, was influenced by the theories of substitutive industrialization and growth centers. The new strategy is determined by the transformations that affect the venezuelan society, forced as it is to a reconversion of its technical and industrial system, linked to the technological evolution in an increasingly competitive international context. Policies of structural adjustment and commercial opening have meant a break from the former pattern of development, while a territorial reorganization of economic activities was elaborated accordingto a network model. If the centralism, linked to the consolidation of a modern state in venezuela, was the rule until 1989 in a technocratic perspective, new spatial dynamics are emerging in agreement with the concept of competitive strategy
Tonkin, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'examen de l'application du principe du developpement durable au secteur pétrolier (la dimension du principe en droit économique)." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0043.
Повний текст джерелаAyoub, Arbache Ziad. "L'impact économique de l'action des compagnies pétrolières internationales dans les pays producteurs : le cas de la Syrie (1975-1997)." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21024.
Повний текст джерелаRelationships between international oil companies (ioc) and producing countries have not ceased to evolve according to the historical context and power struggles. After the nationalization of ioc assets in 60/70's, we are witnessing the return of foreign companies in the late 1980s. In an internationalised petroleum industry, characterized by the low price of crudeoil, deregulation of market and increasing competition, re-opening of upstream of the petroleum industry to ioc's raises several fundamental questions : how producer countries perceive the presence of ioc? are the induced effects of these investments sufficient to bring about changes in others industries of the economy and entail general industrial development? if yes, under what conditions and how? the thesis tries to answer these questions through an empirical case study : the effects of loc's investments in syria. We our start analysis by a theoretical examination of the main stakes and risks of a development strategy that is focused on the appreciation of hydrocarbon resources. Through the study of the evolution of the balance of power between the parties, the contracting process and the interpretation of investment programs, we identify keys variables of the decision making process. We demonstrate that although the evolution of oil price is an important element in the relationship between the ioc and the state, discovery perspectives and geopolitical considerations explain the softening or hardening of the contractual conditions for rent sharing. This thesis shows that despite positive development in the petroleum sector, optimal contribution of the oil sector to the economic development requires abandoning short term rent vision. The maximisation of retained value of oil exploitation requires a change in the current contractual framework. Loc's should be encouraged to make their expenses using local currencies in order to induce multiplication effects in the economic system. Furthermore, oil policy aiming at a rent maximization arising out geological advantage should in no case replace real industrial and macroeconomic policies