Дисертації з теми "Persian gardens and landscapes"
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1
Batelli, Penny Lynn 1963. "The therapeutic values of gardens and landscapes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291627.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research has shown that plants, gardens, and nature can promote and enhance human health and well-being. A review of the relevant literature examined human-environment relationships and the possible therapeutic benefits derived from these relationships. In addition to the research literature, therapeutic gardens designed by landscape architects were examined. A comparative analysis between various theories within the research literature, and between the research literature and executed designs was performed. This analysis resulted in design suggestions and guidelines from the point of view of fostering human health and well-being.
2
Abbasi, Hamon. "Velayat park : En plats för gränsöverskridande möten mellan människor med olika socioekonomisk status." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65010.
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Tehran, the capital of Iran has undergone major urbanization in the last century, which has caused uncontrollable urban growth. Poor regulation and control of this growth has given rise to environmental problems including high air and water pollution. In turn, this has led to urban growth towards the mountains in the north, where the environment is better. However, this pressure to develop in the north has increased segregation of the city and created a clear social division of class between the northern and southern parts of the City. In light of this, and in the context of Tehran as an extremely dense city with limited green space, the City sees a possibility in transforming an unused military airport in the southern districts of the city into a new urban park. This master thesis explores how to reclaim the 270Ha former airfield and develop it as an urban park with strengthened links to surrounding neighbourhoods. The work aims to gain an understanding of how large vacant areas can become successful public areas and green places in the community. The work is based on urban theory and site analysis and brings forward design proposals for the park. Analysis work is divided into an investigative and exploratory stage. The investigative part includes literature studies, data collection and mapping of the city’s urban morphological development, taking into account physical and socio-economic processes. The exploratory part consisted of inventories, site studies and interviews in Tehran, as well as integration analysis with space syntax to explore accessibility and connections in the new park. Throughout the study shows how and why the city has evolved and highlights a connection between living in the southern districts, which are low-income areas, with also having poor access to public and recreation areas. This analysis forms the foundations for the design proposal, visualizations and programs presented about how the area can be designed as a new urban city park. In conclusion, the study highlights that in order to be able to develop new places or renew existing area’s, consideration must be given to urban morphological development. This includes the socio-economic and socio-ecological process. It further concludes, that a ecological viewpoint together with a understanding of the physical environment, the urban landscape identity and the need of people in the context needs to be brought together to plan and create parks and urban spaces
3
MacKenzie, Garry Ross. "Landscapes in modern poetry : gardens, forests, rivers, islands." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5910.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis considers a selection of modern landscape poetry from an ecocritical perspective, arguing that this poetry demonstrates how the term landscape might be re-imagined in relation to contemporary environmental concerns. Each chapter discusses poetic responses to a different kind of landscape: gardens, forests, rivers and islands. Chapter One explores how, in the poetry of Ian Hamilton Finlay, Douglas Dunn, Louise Glück and David Harsent, gardens are culturally constructed landscapes in which ideas of self, society and environment are contemplated; I ask whether gardening provides a positive example of how people might interact with the natural world. My second chapter demonstrates that for Sorley MacLean, W.S. Merwin, Susan Stewart and Kathleen Jamie, forests are sites of memory and sustainable ‘dwelling', but that deforestation threatens both the ecology and the culture of these landscapes. Chapter Three compares river poems by Ted Hughes and Alice Oswald, considering their differing approaches to river sources, mystical immersion in nature, water pollution and poetic experimentation; I discuss how in W.S. Graham's poetry the sea provides a complex image of the phenomenal world similar to Oswald's river. The final chapter examines the extent to which islands in poetry are pastoral landscapes and environmental utopias, looking in particular at poems by Dunn, Robin Robertson, Iain Crichton Smith and Jen Hadfield. I reflect upon the potential for island poetry to embrace narratives of globalisation as well as localism, and situate the work of George Mackay Brown and Robert Alan Jamieson within this context. I engage with a range of ecocritical positions in my readings of these poets and argue that the linguistic creativity, formal inventiveness and self-reflexivity of poetry constitute a distinctive contribution to contemporary understandings of landscape and the environment.
4
Håkansson, Irene. "Berlin’s Intercultural Gardens: Urban Landscapes of Social-Ecological Memory." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-91106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Efforts to achieve urban sustainability include ecological practices within civic society. A prominent example of this is the voluntary stewardship of green urban spaces such as community gardening. People participating in these practices – so the argument goes – draw on social-ecological memory (SE-memory) – knowledge, experience, and practice of local ecosystem management. The present study scrutinises the components and implications of the concept of SE-memory. It identifies and fills a theoretical gap by investigating and adding neglected dimensions of individual memory while strengthening the concept’s social component by examining implications of SE-memory for its actual individual carriers. The study centres on Berlin’s intercultural gardens – urban community gardens where processes of SE-memory are particularly diverse. It is based on five months of fieldwork, including intensive participant observations and in-depth interviews in such gardens. The findings show that the reviving, modifying, and transmitting of SE-memory involve expressions of individuality as well as community and comprise inter-locking streams of both individual and social memory. These play a pivotal role for individuals’ sense of belonging, social inclusion, and commitment to cultural diversity central to the intercultural gardens’ contribution to social urban sustainability as they provide space for personal memory revival, allow for people to practice their culture of origin, and offer points of manifold exchange with others.
5
Carter, Sue Ellen. "Landscapes For Celebration; An Investigation and Design of Wedding Gardens." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis explores the design of landscapes for celebration. These celebrations include all types of events or rituals that mark special times in peopleâ s lives. The focus of this work is landscapes for weddings. The goal is to illuminate the importance of these spaces for celebration as well as reveal how landscape architectural design can have a profound influence on how these places are perceived by the user and their experience of their celebration. These events have characteristics that set them apart from everyday activities and these elements can be enhanced by design. There are shared qualities among landscapes for celebration that draw people and make the place meaningful, these are compiled into a sort of set of design principles for these spaces. The structure of the event, both physically and psychologically, can be enhanced by design to add more meaning to the experience of the participants. Through literature review on ritual, sacred spaces, and ritual spaces information is gathered to inform the design. Case studies of celebratory landscapes and powerful places are also performed to gather knowledge. Through this investigation a set of design principles is collected, and then applied to a wedding garden design. Thoughtful design, incorporating knowledge of ritual, ritual structure, and the event being designed for, will create places that support and enhance one in a lifetime events. Design of celebratory landscapes should strive to create spaces that are meaningful, rooted in the community, supportive of the structure of the event, and reflective of the participants.Master of Landscape Architecture
6
Ansari, Shaghayegh Moalemzadeh. "An Investigation into Water Usage and Water Efficient Design for Persian Gardens." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595836.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Investigation and research into the Persian Gardens, leading this project into a step that these World Heritage Sites might have been known as sustainable construction, but the fact that water scarcity of their region is a serious threaten for all these amazing Gardens. Thus, enhancing and improving these gardens by merging, adding and adapting todays technologies can make them considered as constructions with water and energy conservation design. Based on nowadays world environment concerns, recognizing renewable and non-renewable sources of energies in a region or site can cause a miracle. Since, almost all Persian Gardens located in regions with arid and semi-arid climate, water poverty as a biggest issue and nonrenewable energy should be included as a problematic concern. There are many available active and passive strategies that can be applied in these heritage sites which decrease water consumption either directly or indirectly. Such as water harvesting, greywater reuse, photovoltaic panels and material changes. Water known as a vital element of each garden for irrigation purposes, but in Persian Garden water is more than a functional element. Thus, finding a way to provide and recycle water beside the underground sources is necessary. Subterranean, springs and wells are resources of water for Persian gardens which renew so slowly or non-renew these days. Being so close to a city with considerable population lunches and idea of using greywater for irrigation in these gardens. In this research, the doable options for energy conservation design for these sites will be discussed, then comparing some case studies in all over world where greywater reusing water system for irrigation is happening will be next step. In conclusion, greywater reusing system in urban scale in order to irrigate a filed or garden will be investigate on a Shazdeh Garden as a main case study of this research.
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Adams, Denise Wiles. "Hardy Herbaceous plants in nineteenth-century Northeastern United States gardens and landscapes /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949836204391.
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Segura, Laura S. "Down the Garden Path| The Gardens and Natural Landscapes of Anne and Charlotte Bronte." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10680834.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Victorian culture was constantly engaging with nature and garden imagery. In this thesis, I argue that the literary gardens of Anne and Charlotte Brontë function as a trope that enables an examination of nineteenth-century social concerns; these literary gardens are a natural space that serve as a “middle ground” between the defense of traditional social conventions and the utter disregard of them. In Agnes Grey (1847), Jane Eyre (1847), and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) the female characters have significant encounters within the gardens and outdoor spaces; Agnes, Jane, and Helen venture into these environments and emerge changed—whether by experiential knowledge or from the temptation of social and moral transgression. In AG, Anne Brontë uses the image of the garden and natural landscapes, in order to explore Agnes’s education within her governessing experience. In JE, the garden functions as a space that appears to offer Jane a reprieve from the Gothic terror of the house, yet it actually extends that influence. The entire estate is a literal boundary point for Jane in her life, but it also represents the metaphorical barrier between Jane and potential social transgression—one that she must navigate because of her romance with Rochester. In Tenant, the house, the garden, and the landscape symbolize Helen’s identity, as the widowed artist Mrs. Graham, an identity that only exists during her time at Wildfell. Helen’s identity as a professional female artist living in a wild landscape accentuates Gilbert’s sexual desire towards her. Anne Brontë critiques Victorian marriage and class expectations through Helen’s final circumvention of social rules. In these novels, the scenes in the gardens and natural landscapes serve as a way for these authors to engage with the complexities of “The Woman Question” through the characterization of the governess and the artist.
9
Gutierrez, Josef. "Restorative campus landscapes: fostering education through restoration." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15649.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture
Laurence A. Clement, Jr.
Restorative landscapes are a growing trend within health care environments and can have a lasting impact on people if applied within other settings, particularly higher education campuses. Their design captures the many healing qualities of nature that humans are instinctively attracted to (Heerwagen, 2011). Within restorative landscapes, people have been historically found to experience relief of stress, improved morale, and improved overall well-being (Barnes et al., 1999). While campus planning standards do consider the outdoor environment as an extension of the classroom, higher education campuses can do more to utilize the cognitive benefits of nature for students, faculty and staff. This project explores principles and theories of restorative landscape design, empirical psychological research, and campus design to develop a framework that facilitates the creation of restorative campus spaces on higher education campuses. In partnership with the Office of Design and Construction Management at the University of Kansas, the framework was subsequently applied through the design of the landscape for the Center for Design Research on the KU campus. In the context of current campus planning challenges, restorative landscape design is a potentially valuable strategy in strengthening the beneficial roles and efficacy of the campus landscape. This design project explores its application to envision places within a higher education campus that, along with other benefits, relieve stress for students, faculty and staff.
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Grunewald, Tosca Dina. "For(t)midable Landscapes : past cultural landscapes as a model to aid ecological and social healing at Fort West Village." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31629.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Traditionally cultural landscape of the past involved a dialogue between natural system, human modifications and the value given by humans to the landscape, ultimately nurturing a healthy interaction between human and natural systems. Development pressures on remnants of these past harmonious cultural landscapes threatens the memory and therewith the future possibility of this healthy interaction. With looming exponential urban growth in African cities in the near future, it is important to learn from and protect the few past remnants that are left. The main question that was explored in the dissertation is how a degraded cultural landscape can be regenerated to establish social and ecological health. The hypothesis proposed that degraded cultural landscapes can be regenerated using principles of past cultural landscapes that can reconnect fragmented human and natural systems. A degraded cultural landscape settled against the backdrop of the Witwatersberg Ridge served as the location for the testing of the hypothesis. This site, situated near Danville and Lotus Gardens in Pretoria West is a former leprosy colony called Fort West. The aim of the dissertation was to find methods for the regeneration of the degraded cultural landscape.It was proposed that an integrated methodology be followed that brings together a site’s cultural, natural and economic ‘capital’ or latent potential. The integration of these three capitals was proposed in two ways: through applying five principles of ecological design as set out by Van der Ryn and Cowan (1996); and by raising awareness and educating society and the community as proposed by Farina (2000). This process delivered a set of design guidelines for degraded cultural landscapes. The approach matches biological diversity with cultural diversity, ensuring that that the ecological relevance of a cultural landscape and its capacity to inform and guide other human activities are met. The design intervention was applied at three different scales: framework, master plan and sketch plan. Interventions are proposed at each scale that can improve the natural and social health of Fort West. The cultural, natural and economic capital of the site is harnessed by reconnecting past and existing potential in these three fields and integrating proposed natural and cultural systems in this way. Education and awareness is at the forefront of all proposed interventions. In this way a public space that facilitates the reintroduction of biodiversity and also assists in the regeneration of the Fort West community can be established.Dissertation ML(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Architecture
ML(Prof)
Unrestricted
11
Khalilnezhad, Seyyed Mohammad Reza [Verfasser], and Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Tobias. "Urban Agriculture as a Tool for City and Landscape Planning in Iran with Emphasize On the Role of Persian Garden / Seyyed Mohammad Reza Khalilnezhad ; Betreuer: Kai Tobias." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122111010/34.
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Wheeler, Emily Anne Brooksby. "The Solitary Place Shall Be Glad for Them: Understanding and Treating Mormon Pioneer Gardens as Cultural Landscapes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/899.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The gardens of early Mormon pioneers are a unique cultural resource in the western United States, but little guidance has been provided for understanding or providing landscape treatments for Mormon landscapes. Mormon pioneers came to Utah and the Great Basin to escape religious persecution and build their own holy kingdom. In relative geographical isolation, they built towns that have a distinctive character delineating a Mormon cultural region in the West. Self-sufficiency was an important feature of these towns and of the religious culture of early Mormons, both because of their geographical isolation and their desire to be independent of the world, which they viewed as wicked. This emphasis on self-sufficiency made gardens and gardening an important part of every household, encouraged by religious leaders and individual need. The cultural and personal preferences of individuals did influence the style and contents of Mormon pioneer gardens, but perhaps not to the extent that the religious culture of self-sufficiency did.
When managing or treating Mormon pioneer landscapes or gardens, it is helpful to start by assessing any historic features that still exist. Then, the property owner or manager can choose one of the standard landscape treatments of preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, or reconstruction, or opt for some combination of these treatments. Because Mormon pioneers brought plants from all over the world, a large selection of heirloom plants may be suitable for historic Mormon landscapes. A few historic plants are no longer appropriate in Western landscapes because of ecological concerns such as invasiveness or water efficiency, but substitutions for these plants can be found by considering the plant's form, function, and meaning in the historic landscape.
13
Haenraets, Jan H. M. "Identifying key problems regarding the conservation of designed landscapes : designed landscapes of the recent past." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/3880.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the study was to improve the understanding of the present situation and the key problems regarding the conservation of designed landscapes of the recent past. Another aim was to investigate roles and initiatives undertaken by key stakeholders and recommend key areas for measures and action to enhance the conservation and protection of designed landscapes of the recent past. The emphasis of the research was on the United Kingdom but relevant findings and actions from an international context were included. A qualitative method was applied using the between-method triangulation research methodology, which combined two methods of investigation, namely data triangulation and theory triangulation. Theory triangulation allowed for an investigation of the wider context or ‘the general’ and a comparison of findings from published sources and records, including an examination of the existing inventories and the roles and initiatives of key stakeholders. The data triangulation used a case study survey, with questionnaires and interviews, to enable the collection and analysis of data from different categories of stakeholders from a site-specific perspective or ‘the particular’ context. The case study survey investigated eleven case study sites using questionnaires and interviews. A total of 146 respondents were contacted and 103 completed responses were received. The results revealed that several recommendations for actions to improve the conservation and protection of heritage of the recent past exist, and that general conservation principles and methodologies exist for the conservation of designed landscapes, but that a lack of recognition and awareness for the significance of designed landscapes of the recent past results in poor implementation of such principles, and the continuing destruction and disfigurement of significant sites. The findings of the study led in the conclusions to the preparation of recommendations for measures and actions by stakeholders, to improve the protection and conservation of landscapes of the recent past.
14
Harring-Harris, Kaarissa. "Preventing bird declines in urban landscapes: Influence of behavioural traits and streetscape plantings." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2538.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Urbanisation is thought to be the leading cause of habitat loss and ecosystem fragmentation world-wide. Australian urban bird communities are constantly under threat from landscape modification and the associated disturbances. The Perth metropolitan region, Western Australia provides a unique case study to observe the impact of a developing city that is also located in a biodiversity hotspot. The long-term reporting rate of 66 small passerine birds was analysed on a time and spatial scale, utilising 20 years of citizen science from Birdata collected by birdwatchers. The study compared the overall change in reporting rate to changes in the urban environment, focusing on human population density and the canopy cover of native trees. Life history traits were also used to determine if certain groups/guilds of birds responded differently to changes in the urban landscape.
This study revealed that a concerning number of urban sensitive native species are in decline and are being replaced by native and exotic ‘urban-exploiters’. Species that were found to be most at risk in this study were foraging specialists, particularly insectivores, small understorey-dependent birds, and species reliant on large bushland remnants. The study also found generalist species and large nectarivorous birds are increasingly dominating the urban community. Australian urban gardens and streets are lined with nectar-rich, seed-producing vegetation both native and exotic; therefore, favouring species that have the ability to exploit novel foraging resources. Significant loss of habitat in lower strata levels, as a result of land clearing, has reduced the connectivity between large bushland remnants. This has led to urban bird communities becoming overrun by species that frequently utilise the upper canopy and/or thrive in open green areas.
Many endemic and native species are locally threatened, and by identifying ‘at risk’ species we can better understand the association between environmental and ecological factors and the impact they have on an individual’s urban tolerance.
15
Palena, Emily I., and Caroline T. Spurgin. "Landscapes to Learnscapes: Exploring Schoolyard-based Education." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/34.
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This thesis explores schoolyard-based education as a viable and necessary method for rectifying the shortcomings within the American public school system and the Nature-deficit Disorder epidemic. We argue that schoolyard-based education should be fully integrated into the school system, not in the sole form of popularized school gardens, but as a standard teaching method. We show this using extensive research and a case study of three elementary schools in Claremont, California.
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Lisboa, Christiane Terra de. "Mosaico Português = 100 anos na paisagem urbana de Campinas." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258138.
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Orientador: Evandro Ziggiatti MonteiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T02:09:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lisboa_ChristianeTerrade_M.pdf: 22876894 bytes, checksum: 9e50a58125406f33ba9df23d61c3bb74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: As calçadas de mosaicos são testemunho de uma época em que a cidade era desenhada também para o pedestre e havia uma preocupação formal e estética no tratamento do passeio público, incluindo desde calçadas de áreas residenciais a praças e instituições importantes da cidade, que tiveram seus passeios especialmente criados e adornados com os mosaicos. Em Campinas esse tipo de calçamento alcançou grande popularidade, e por muitos anos seu uso foi exigido pelo poder público municipal, propiciando o aparecimento de diversas empresas, profissionais e artesãos que se dedicaram à atividade, conferindo aos espaços e à paisagem urbana uma qualidade visual ímpar. Esse período coincidiu com as décadas em que a cidade voltou a crescer e se desenvolver, após o surto de febre amarela. O estudo de caso das calçadas de mosaico português em Campinas relaciona a sua ocorrência com a urbanização, crescimento e história dos bairros mais antigos de Campinas, aqueles surgidos desde fins do século XIX até a década de 70 do século XX, por meio de levantamento de ocorrência e mapeamento de sua abrangência espacial; pesquisa da história da técnica do calçamento em Campinas; documentação fotográfica da situação atual; leitura visual e o conseqüente estudo das relações entre espaço público e privado; registro e catalogação dos signos visuais e pesquisa sobre sua relação com a identidade e a memória local do espaço das calçadas nos bairros e na cidade
Abstract: The present work is focused on the study of the Portuguese pavement mosaic sidewalks which were very popular in Campinas city from the end of the 19th century through de decade of 1970. This period corresponds to seven decades during which the city resumed its expansion and development after recovering from two severe yellow fever epidemics. This case study aims to relate the Portuguese mosaic pavements to the city's urban development, expansion and history of the oldest neighborhoods - those emerging around 1890 up to 1970 when this kind of pavement was, for many years, required by the municipal laws. This gave rise to the emergence of several paving businesses, employing stone layer professionals and skilled craftsmen dedicated to the activity. Consequently, a unique and diverse urban landscape emerged. The task is accomplished by the assessment of the occurrence of the mosaic paved paths throughout the years and the mapping of sites where they were present - sidewalks, plazas and public sites. Moreover, the study is supported by a research on the history of the paving technique used in Campinas, photos documenting the present situation, visual assessment of the remains of the past, and the resulting study of the relationship between public and private space, and the registration and indexation of visual signs. Altogether, these data from neighborhoods and the city in general, help to retrieve the memory, identity and local history of the sites
Mestrado
Arquitetura e Construção
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
17
Chance, Helena M. F. "'The Factory in a Garden' : corporate recreational landscapes in England and the United States, 1880-1939." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:98e6efda-ea51-4bbd-834d-a606fcd5eec7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
From the 1880s, a new type of designed green space appeared in the industrial landscape in England and the USA - the factory pleasure garden or park. At the same time, industrialists began to enhance their office and factory buildings with landscaping and planting, and some opened allotment gardens for the children of factory workers. The making of gardens and parks around or near office and factory buildings, designed by professionals, was driven by belief in the value of gardens and parks to recruitment and retention of staff, to industrial welfare, and to advertising, corporate identity and public relations. The thesis will show how industrialists appropriated the historical, cultural and metaphorical meanings of gardens in a bid to redefine industry as progressive and responsible and to shift the image of factory labour from unhealthy and exploitative to healthy, caring, respectable and sociable. The thesis will argue that companies employed landscape professionals to contribute to a positive image of industry and industrial development in the suburban or rural landscape, and to harmonise industry and nature. It will show how the factory gardens and parks supported numerous and varied opportunities for outdoor recreation that in some districts would not have been so readily accessible to working people, particularly to women and young people. The thesis will show how companies exploited the social and cultural capital of gardens and recreation space through photography, illustration and film for promotional purposes. It will suggest that although the sporting and other outdoor recreational opportunities at factories were likely to be beneficial to many, the greater value to companies of factory pleasure gardens was in advertising and public relations. The thesis will build on existing research that highlights the valuable contribution of industry to sports and recreation provision in this period. It will also suggest that industry had more influence on gardens and gardening than is currently understood.
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Ranjbari, Zahra. "Botanic and poetic landscapes: a reading of two Persian texts on early Safavid gardens." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/117913.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Existing scholarship on Persian gardens reveals a pattern of common interest in spatial layout, formal quality, and symbolic meaning. Gardens are often depicted as symmetrically laid out enclosures, as introverted places for hedonistic purposes, as passive spaces for contemplation, and as symbolically charged, earthly embodiments of Qur’anic paradise. Such depictions present Persian gardens as salubrious oases intended purely for repose and delight. This discourse has oversimplified the history, meaning and function of Persian gardens, which were dynamic venues serving multiple and complex purposes. Against this background, the study attempts to shed new light on Persian gardens and landscapes through a fresh reading of two key Persian texts that provide historically grounded perspectives on the gardens’ botanical functions and poetical meanings. The first text, Irshād al-zirā‘a (Guidance on Agriculture), is a botanical manual offering extensive material on the science of agronomy and gardening as well as rare agricultural instructions regarding the laying out and planting of formal gardens, taking into account both garden aesthetics and the science of horticulture. The second text, Jannāt-i ‘adan (Gardens of Eden), is a compilation of five poems composed in 1557 by Shah Tahmāsp’s court poet and historian, Navīdī Shīrāzī, to celebrate the completion of the new imperial garden city of Qazvin. The new reading of these texts shows how Persian gardens served multiple functions ranging from the most practical to the most poetic, how formal aesthetics and paradise symbolism played only marginal roles in their design and creation, and how different considerations contributed to the creation of desirable garden environments. Adopting a historical method of analysis and interpretation, the study examines examples of both existing and imagined sixteenth-century Safavid gardens, in order to support the reading of and excerpt translations from the selected texts. The study paints a new picture of early Safavid gardens and their centrality as dynamic and adaptable places that fulfil the needs of their patrons, courtiers, harem members, visitors, and even the citizens of their respective cities. It brings to light overlooked factors that contributed directly or indirectly to garden form, structure and meaning, while reintroducing the Persian garden as an intersection where nature, indigenous design, local cultural and social lifestyle, economic efficiency, power, patronage and dynastic politics meet.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Architecture and Built Environment, 2018
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DeRushie, Nicole. "Horticultural Landscapes in Middle English Romance." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gardens played a significant role in the lives of European peoples living in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. By producing texts in which gardens and other cultivated landscapes are used as symbol and setting, medieval writers provide us with the opportunity to gain insight into the sociocultural conventions associated with these spaces in the late medieval period. By building our understanding of medieval horticulture through an examination of historical texts, we position ourselves to achieve a greater understanding into the formation of contemporary cultivated literary landscapes and their attendant conventional codes. This study provides a map of current medieval garden interpretation, assessing the shape and validity of recent literary criticism of this field. With a focus on the hortus conclusus (the walled pleasure garden) and arboricultural spaces (including hunting and pleasure parks), this study provides an historicist reinterpretation of horticultural landscapes in Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, Sir Orfeo, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, furthering our understanding of the authors’ use of such conventionally-coded spaces in these canonical romances.
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Watson, Terumi. "Preserving the Legacy of Jens Jensen Landscapes: A Historical Assessment of his Knoxville Van Deventer Garden." 2007. http://etd.utk.edu/2007/WatsonTerumi.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Lerman, Susannah Beth. "The Conservation Value of Residential Landscapes for Native Bird Communities: Patterns, Processes, and Management Implications." 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/464.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Urbanization, as it transforms natural biotic systems into human-dominated landscapes, is recognized as one of the greatest threats to biodiversity throughout the world. Furthermore, urban dwellers are becoming increasingly disconnected with the natural world. Here I investigate whether residential landscape designs that mimic the natural environment can provide habitat for native birds. First I uncover some of the patterns of bird distribution in residential yards by incorporating habitat features, urbanization measurements and socioeconomic factors with bird monitoring data into a multivariate analysis. The results indicate that native birds associate with neighborhoods with native plants and shrubs, neighborhoods closer to desert tracts, and higher income neighborhoods. Very few bird species associate with low income and predominantly Hispanic neighborhoods. Additional analyses based on social survey data demonstrate that residents notice the varying levels of bird variety in their neighborhood. Second, I address whether perceived habitat quality differs between residential landscape designs by testing foraging decisions at artificial food patches. Birds foraging in yards landscaped with native plants consume fewer resources than birds foraging in exotic landscaped yards. This suggests that alternative food sources are more available in the native landscaped yards, indicating better quality habitat. Third, I investigate the relationship between native bird diversity and neighborhoods with a Homeowner Association (HOA). Neighborhoods with an HOA have higher native bird diversity, perhaps due to an active and enforceable landscape maintenance plan. I suggest an HOA adapt features from the Sustainable Sites Initiative to further improve habitat conditions for native birds and other wildlife. Results from the Dissertation support the implementation of native landscaping in residential yards to help reverse the loss of urban biodiversity. Consequentially, these landscapes will provide positive opportunities for urban dwellers to reconnect with the natural world.