Дисертації з теми "Perche (poissons) – Reproduction (biologie)"
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Wang, Neil. "Déterminisme de la qualité du cycle de reproduction chez la perche commune, Perca fluviatilis : approche multifactorielle." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10120.
Numerous environmental, nutritionnal and populationnal factors are likely to be involved in the quality of reproduction in fish. The objective of this PhD study was to determine and ranking the importance of the effects of these factors and their interactions on the determinism of the quality of reproduction in Eurasian perch, Perca fluviatilis. A first factorial experiment aimed at identifying the factors acting of the induction of the reproductive cycle. 8 two-levels factors were tested (amplitude of temperature decrease, timing, kinetics and amplitude of photoperiod decrease, handling, initial nutritional state, feeding and light spectrum). It was confirmed that temperature and photoperiod decreases are the two main cues inducing the reproductive cycle. Handling stress appears to be the most important factor modulating vitellogenesis. A second factorial experiment testing 8 two-levels factors (temperature, nutritional state, handling, dawn, light intensity, food type, feeding and photoperiod) dealt with the quality of reproduction (sperm, eggs and broodstock mortality). No spawning was obtained. This suggests that the photothermal program of control of the reproductive cycle could be inadequate. Sperm quality appears to be mainly affected by nutritional state and light intensity. High mortalities were observed and their determinism could be complex. A first qualitative model of the determinism of the quality of reproduction is proposed
Valente, Emmanuel Pihan Jean-Claude Maul Armand. "Traits biologiques d'une espèce invasive, la perche soleil (Lepomis gibbosus), dans un réservoir artificiel aux eaux échauffées reproduction, croissance, longévité /." Metz : Université de Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2008/Valente.Emmanuel.SMZ0844.pdf.
Migaud, Hervé. "Influence des variations de la température et de la photopériode sur le cycle de reproduction et la qualité des pontes de la perche commune "perca fluviatilis"." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0030_MIGAUD.pdf.
The aim of these experimental studies was to improve our knowledge on the environmental control of Eurasian perch reproduction. Under a constant photoperiod (12L : 12D), thermal variations (6 weeks of cooling from 22 to 6ʿC, 5 months of chilling at 6ʿC and 1 month of warming from 6 à 14ʿC) have shown some limits on the control of the reproductive cycle. Even if aIl the males were spermiating after a such regime, only few females have developed their gonads (31 %) and only 6 % have spawned. Moreover, the spawning quality was low. Thus, the influence of photoperiodic variations in the control of female gametogenesis was suggested and studied. A 24 hours photophase inhibits the initiation of perch male and female reproductive cycle. Some low sex steroids levels were measured. A constant photoperiod (16L: 8D) results in a very heterogeneous gonad development, lots of atresia, and few spawnings (30 %). Under a natural photoperiod, results, in terms of plasma sex steroids variations, gonad development and eggs and larvae quality, were similar to those observed in natural habitat. In simulated photoperiod conditions, although all the broodstocks have developed their gonads, only 55 % of the mature females have spawned and low fertilization rates were observed. Spawning seems to be triggered off by seasonal temperature and daily light intensity variations. Most of the spawnings occurred at dawn. In artificial light conditions, the sudden switch from darkness to daylight could disturb the oviposition process. The light-darkness cycle would be an important factor, but not sufficient to induce a normal gonadal development. Daylength variations are also involved in the initiation and the gonadal development during gametogenesis. Photoperiodic and temperature variations both play a crucial roIe in the success of perch reproduction. Finally, in April, while the water temperature rises, a high mortality increase was observed. It seems to be not linked to the reproductive cycle
Sulistyo, Isdy. "Contribution à l'étude et à la maîtrise du cycle de reproduction de la perche eurasienne Perca fluviatilis L." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10315.
Flesch, Anne. "Biologie de la perche (Perca fluviatilis) dans le réservoir du Mirgenbach (Cattenom, Moselle)." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Flesch.Anne.SMZ9454.pdf.
The Mirgenbach reservoir created by pumping water from the river Moselle in 1985 is a safety reservoiir and a buffer zone for the Cattenom nuclear power plant (Moselle, north-east France). With its maximum depth of 20 meters, this reservoir is characterized by its heated waters and the absence of a thermo-stratification. It is an ecological study of this lake-reservoir which contributes to the knowledge of the fish population and the demography of an initially dominant species : the perch, perca fluviatilis. From 1987 to 1991, various fishing techniques were employed on the Mirgenbach lake-reservoir. Two kinds of gill nets were used : traditional nets and vertical nets which took samples from the water surface to the bottom. A set of vertical nets were immersed in stations during fishing sessions spread along the year. Among the various fishing gears used, vertical gill nets turned out to the best sampling device for the analysis of the perch demography. The analysis of catches thanks to these various fishing gears enabled us to know its location and its evolution in the lake-reservoir. All in all, 18 fish species were identified with a majority of perch (perc fluviatilis), roach (rutilus rutilus) and common bream (abramis brama). The multiple correspondence analysis led us to distinguish several groups of stations, each having its own species. The sampled fish with traditional and vertical gill nets as well as angling enabled us to know the selectivity of each device and to study the demographic structure evolution. The number of catches has decreased dramatically within this period. The seasonal repartition of the species in the reservoir was studied is an annual cycle with vertical gill nets. The best catches of this carnivorous fish were made in summer, except in a littoral station close to a spawning area before reproduction time. The vertical distribution of this species according to bathymetry. The perches were found mostly at the bottom of the stations closest to the shore and from the bottom to the surface in the pelagic stations. The reproductive study of the perch is based upon weight index and the maturity stage index. Age is identified by the application of scalimetrie and operculometrie methods. The two corresponding structures can be used equally to describe the perch growth. In the Mirgenbach reservoir, the reproduction of the perch takes place from mid-march to mid-april. Perch may spawn since the end of february. Spawning period takes place precociously one month earlier than in other ponds of the region Lorraine. Males are mature at one year old and females at two years, with an intermediate fecundity for almost fish. In comparison with others lakes, the perch growth is faster in the Mirgenbach reservoir : it reaches 12 cm at one year. This growth speed depends upon the very good thermal conditions and a better availability of food resources with the decreasing of its population. Digestive contents are analysed to study the diet of perch. Perca fluviatilis fed on Crustacean with a selective predation on the cladocera Daphnia longispina, insects mostly chironomes larvae and nymphes, molluscs gasteropodes and fish such as roach (rutilus rutilus), ruffe (gymnocephalus cernua). Cannibalism occurs within perch in the reservoir. Nevertheless, diet depends upon sex and perch length and also seasons. A bibliographic review and a discussion on this Mirgenbach reservoir enables us to compare our results to others
Abdulfatah, Abdulbaset. "Etude du déterminisme environnemental du cycle de reproduction chez la perche commune (Perca fluviatilis)." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL054N/document.
This PhD thesis has determined the respective roles of photoperiod and temperature at the different and successive steps of the reproductive cycle (induction of the cycle, wintering period, spawning) in female Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis. Photoperiod is the main environmental factor which synchronizes the onset of the reproduction cycle in Eurasian perch female, temperature plays only a modulating role. A high photoperiod decrease of 4 or 8 hours is recommended. The maintenance of constant photoperiod based on a long photophase (17L: 7D) delays the onset of the reproductive cycle, whereas the maintenance of a warm and constant temperature (22-23°C) does not delay it. For the wintering period, a photoperiod with a short daylight period (8L : 16D) is required. Concerning the effect of temperature variations, a high and progressive temperature decrease (from 22 to 6°C over 16 weeks) is recommended to ensure a complete ovarian development (all oocytes achieved the advanced vitellogenesis stage at the end of the induction phase and and final maturation stage just before spawning). Slight temperature decreases (from 22 to 14-18°C) alter the reproduction, especially during the chilling period (wintering period). The final increase of temperature (up to 14°C) after the wintering period is the main factor for spawning synchronization. This study allowed the development of a reliable photo-thermal protocol for out-of-season spawning with very high rates (close to 100%) of female response and spawning
Castets, Marie-Dorothée. "Fonction de reproduction et régulation de la qualité chez la perche commune, Perca fluviatilis." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL082N/document.
Improving fish reproduction in breeding conditions implies to understand intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing gametes quality on the one hand and to define relevant parameters allowing the prediction of fish reproductive performance on the other hand. Our goal was thus to understand the multifactorial determinism of the common perch (Perca fluviatilis) reproduction. Four nutritional factors (type of food and rate of rationing used either during the induction or vernalization phases) and 3 populational factors (initial weight, geographic origin and domestication level of breeders) have been tested. Data show different responses between females and males. type of food during wintering phase and initial broodstock weigh modified female condition. Males have been sensitive to rationing during wintering phase as well as geographical origin. Data show also that spawning rate was under the influence of interaction between kind of food during wintering phase and induction whereas geographical origin modulated the spawning date. The regulation of the performance reproduction is also a complex mechanism influenced by several factors. The second part of this work consisted on the research of parameters potentially predictive of ova quality. Firstly, our work shows that morphometric parameters measured before the fertilization are poorly relevant to predict reproductive performance. However, the proteomic analysis of several spawn allowed us to highlight proteins differently expressed according to the spawn quality, such proteins could be ova quality biomarkers
Alix, Maud. "Étude de la variabilité de l’embryogenèse chez la perche commune : développement d’approches alternatives." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0292/document.
Currently, the durability of the aquaculture developmental model is clearly challenged and one solution consists to diversify the fish production by the domestication of new species such as the Eurasian perch (P. fluviatilis), a freshwater species promising and valuable for the diversification of European aquaculture. Several aspects of its reproductive biology are well known, nevertheless, only little information is available on its development. However, early developmental impairments, whose causes are unclear, actually impact the fish production quality. In this context, the present work aimed to characterize the developmental success and impairments in Eurasian perch on three main issues: (i) determine a model of normal embryogenesis table helping to (ii) define developmental impairments, in diverse rearing conditions and (iii) identify the relationships between various parameters of embryonic ontogenesis to characterize different patterns of developmental success. The first part of this study allowed identifying the accurate timing of normal ontogenesis of this species through the definition of an alternative and flexible developmental table to describe non-model fish species, allowing the intra- and inter-specific comparisons. In the second part, the exhaustive characterization of abnormal phenotypes revealed 10 categories of deformities linked to specific organs or functions. Moreover, some of these categories seemed to be related to rearing-conditions of the breeders allowing identifying the potential effects of extrinsic factors on the development and improving the management of fish. Finally, the previous results and the parameters measured during embryogenesis help to classify the several spawns obtained with the same developmental pattern and to highlight the potential relationships between diverse phenotypes and parameters. In addition, the data analyses showed that only 3 parameters are reliable to assess the developmental success: survival rate at the onset of the organogenesis, hatching and deformities rates. Henceforth, these parameters and this classification could be generalized as a new strategy to assess the developmental success in other fish species. All of these results provide a good basic knowledge to study the potential effects of various extrinsic and/or intrinsic factors on the developmental success and the embryonic quality
Valente, Emmanuel. "Traits biologiques d'une espèce invasive, la perche soleil (Lepomis gibbosus), dans un réservoir artificiel aux eaux échauffées : reproduction, croissance, longétivité." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ044S/document.
The study of teleost reproduction is fundamental in order to understand the future of ichthyologic populations, determinant for the balance in aquatic environments, and this, in a context of global warming which will affect distribution zones of species as well as their reproductive strategies in order to guarantee survival of their progeny. Sexual maturation in pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) has been studied in an artificial basin in north-eastern France (Mirgenbach Reservoir) which receives over-heated water from the Cattenom nuclear power plant. Pumpkinseed, a centrarchid fish specie, is native to North America but has been introduced in Europe in 1880. Since its introduction, it has colonized the entire French hydrographic network. This specie, predominantly littoral, is already established in at least 28 countries in Europe and Asia Minor, but is currently considered to be invasive mainly in southern and central Europe. In our study, the reproductive effort was studied in both sex, using gonado-somatic index (GSI) and gonadal maturity stages obtained from histological observations. Growth and longevity have also been studied. A sample of 162 females and 157 males was collected for this work. In this context of warm thermal environment, sexual maturation is precocious compared to other pumpkinseed populations located at similar latitudes (age at maturity: 1 year), and the males mature one month before the females. The juvenile growth rate is high (LT>70mm at 1 year old), except for the small male cuckolders, but longevity (3 years) is lower than at the other sites in Europe (4 to 8 years). This precocity was also observed in other species at sites receiving over-heated nuclear plant discharge water, however oocyte abnormalities were observed which was not the case for the pumpkinseed population in the Reservoir Mirgenbach. The thermal conditions of the Mirgenbach Reservoir confer to this site a good opportunity to evaluate the consequences of the Global Warming on fish biology
Caminade, Véronique. "Recherches sur l'état nutritionnel de deux espèces de poissons de la retenue de Pareloup (Aveyron) : le gardon (Leuciscus rutilus L.) et la perche (Perca Fluviatilis L.)." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT004A.
Camarena, Luhrs Tomás. "Les principales espèces de poissons pélagiques côtiers au Sénégal : biologie et évaluation des ressources." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES2020.
Monteiro, Analbery. "Biologie et pêche des Aiguilles Hemiramphus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) et Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, 1842) (Poissons - Téléostéens - Hemiramphidae) dans la région Nord-Est de Brésil." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES2007.
The halfbeak Hyporhamphus unifasciatus and Hemiramphus brasiliensis are fsh of economic importance in the north-eastern Brazil. Decrease of captures in Pemambuco and the absence of studies for these species in the region justified the realisation of this work. Only annual statistics were available for each state, combined landings. In order to have detailed information on the fishing of each species, landings folllow-up was carried out in the north of Pernambuco between 1998 and 1999, while biological material was collected for reproduction and growth study. Reproduction results suggest that these species are multiple spawners : they spent throughout the year, with one period more concentrated after the rainy season. A low batch fecundity is observed : 29 eggslg H. Unifasciatus and 16 eggs/g for H. Brasiliensis. Otoliths were used for growth studies. Sagittae microincrements interpretation was possible only for H. Unifasciatus. Lapilli microincrements were easily interpreted for both species. Microincrements daily deposition was validated by tetracycline marking for H. Unifasciatus. Individuals around 24 cm are about one year old. Von Bertalanffy growth parameters are : Lao=30. 4 cm, To=17,0 cm and k=0,004 j-'. Only adults H. Brasiliensis were available so individual growth was estimated for seven individuals from retrocalculation and a mean growth curve was established (1-00=24. 2 cm, t0=16,09 cm and k=0,009 j'. For an individual of 20 cma total of 246 microincrements were observed. The captures by state are in general of the order of 50-100 tons/year, while in Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Nortethey are superior of 110 tons/year. The analyses of statistics of fishing data for the period 1980-2000 suggests a reduction in the capture for certain states of the North-eastern region. Landings data analysis show a low productivity for this artisanal fishery, in general lower than 20 kglfishing cruise. This study suggets that the assumption of an overexploitation can be discarded. Few boats, of short operating range and reduced power fishing are used
Loots, Christophe. "Contrôle de la distribution spatiale de l'habitat de reproduction chez les populations de poissons : approche multi-modèles appliquée à la plie et au merlan de Mer du Nord et à l'anchois du Golfe de Gascogne." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066496.
Ruchon, François. "Lipophrys pavo (Risso 1810) (Pisces, Blenniidae). Biologie d'une population lagunaire (stratégies et tactiques adaptatives)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30025.
Mwanyama, Nelson C. "Relations entre les ressources alimentaires, l'alimentation et la reproduction des Chambos (poissons tilapias du genre Oreochromis) dans les lacs Malawi et Malombé (Afrique centrale)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11052.
Ben, Ammar Imen. "Approche comparée du déterminisme environnemental de l'induction du cycle de reproduction chez cinq poissons d'eau douce tempérée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0265.
A way for the development of a sustainable inland aquaculture is the domestication of local species. As domestication usually results from a long, costly and empirical zootechnical process, the use of classifications could be a relevant strategy. In our laboratory, a generic method was developed based on grouping species sharing similar reproductive traits (29) and resulted in 10 clusters structured by spawning period and temperature of egg incubation. The aim of this work is to assess the relevance of this clustering by testing the effect of constant long (CP) and natural photoperiod (NP) on the onset of the reproductive cycle in “early spring” ESS (Eurasian perch, pikeperch, roach and pike) and a “late spring” spawner LSS (rudd). This work is based on a morpho-anatomic, histological and physiological analysis of the broodstock to study the effect of photoperiod treatments. Strong similarities were shown in the response of the ESS with inhibition of the reproductive cycle under CP and induction under NP. The gonadal development and the plasma levels of E2 and vitellogenin showed similar responses to the photoperiodic treatment between ESS, while, the androgens levels showed different responses even in species belonging to the same group and the same family. The observed similarities allow us to provide an evidence about the relevance of clusters especially for the most integrative parameters. However, even if extrapolation of current knowledge may be possible from Eurasian perch to other ESS especially for zootechnical purposes, the mechanisms of gonadogenesis regulation and especially androgenesis may be different between the studied species
Cavalli, Laurent. "Biologie des populations de salmonidés des lacs de haute altitude du parc national des Ecrins : alimentation, croissance, reproduction." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11055.
Almeida, Tainá Rocha de. "Study of gene expression patterns in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) eggs related to their quality and to the domestication process." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0288.
In the aquaculture context, increase on production are expected for the next years and yet, many reproductive issues are reported, including high mortality during early life stages. It concerns mostly species for which the domestication process is at the very beginning. My PhD work aimed at better understanding and potentially helping improving reproductive performance by investigating eggs the transcriptomic content of the Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) eggs in association with their quality which may constitute one of the sources for embryonic mortality. Eurasian perch is a species, in process of domestication, with strong importance for aquaculture diversification in inland Europe. We employed microarray and RT-qPCR analyses to characterize gene expression patterns of Eurasian perch eggs presenting different potential to develop properly after fertilization. The experiments were conducted in two scientific contexts. In the first one, different methods to access egg quality were employed and their potential impacts on the transcriptomic results were evaluated. Therefore, when eggs were classified into the respective quality groups (high or low) using early embryonic survival as criteria, we were always able to identify distinct patterns of gene expression between quality groups. However, the number and nature of the differentially expressed genes (DEG) were variable and only one gene was commonly differentially expressed no matter the methods employed. This shows how transcriptomic results are sensitive to methods and should be deeply considered for intra- and inter-species comparisons. The second context consisted of investigating whether females presenting different histories of domestication would differ in their eggs mRNA content, and how it affects egg quality. In this study, females closest to wild populations presented better egg quality. In addition, two distinct patterns of gene expression were observed and more than 300 DEG were identified between populations. Because not much is known about the causes of high variability in reproductive performance in species in process of domestication, this finds could open new hypothesis of investigation. Finally, it became important to determine the moment until which the gene identified in the previous approaches were exclusively supporting embryonic early development. With this purpose, a preliminary study allowed making a first evaluation of the zygotic genome activation (ZGA) in this species. As a whole, this study identified numerous maternal-effect genes which implication in embryos early development should be further investigated. In addition, these results suggest that more comparable methods to investigate egg quality in Eurasian perch could be established. These methods will make possible more precise studies in the variation of the development success under the influence of distinc factors, such the domestication process. Similar methods could also be established in other species considering their own common or divergent characters. It would help understanding molecular mechanisms species specific or widely found in finfish species
Delacroix, Pierre. "Étude des "bichiques" juvéniles de Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas), poisson migrateur des rivières de La Réunion (Océan Indien) : exploitation, répartition, biologie de la reproduction et de la croissance." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX11071.