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Книги з теми "Perception-based Analysis"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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1

Guoying, Zhao, Cheng Li, Pietikäinen Matti, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Machine Learning for Vision-Based Motion Analysis: Theory and Techniques. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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2

Andrzej, Cichocki, Yeredor Arie, Zibulevsky Michael, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation: 10th International Conference, LVA/ICA 2012, Tel Aviv, Israel, March 12-15, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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3

Donnelly, Mark. Impact Analysis of Solutions for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management: 10th International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics, ICOST 2012, Artiminio, Italy, June 12-15, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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4

Pogodina, Svetlana. The development of children's visual creativity under the influence of artistic standards within the framework of the concept of transformable aesthetic archetypes. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1857069.

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Анотація:

The monograph, based on many years of experimental research and analysis of scientific sources, analyzes psychological and pedagogical ideas in the field of children's productive activity and substantiates a new methodology for the development of visual creativity in preschool and primary school children in educational institutions of various types. The educational model of the development of children's visual creativity, proposed and substantiated by the author, creates favorable environmental and methodological conditions for the manifestation of creative initiative, stimulates imaginative thinking, eliminates artistic standards and stereotypes of perception of the world and its expressive display in creative activity, releases the primordial deep experience of imaginative perception of the world by a child and directs it to create a high-quality artistic product when with the help of expressive means mastered by the child during training. The grounded and tested scale of assessment of quality of development of children's fine art and pedagogical technology of development of children's fine art under the influence of artistic standards are presented. For a wide range of readers interested in the upbringing and education of children.

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5

Driss, Mammass, Lézoray Olivier, Nouboud Fathallah, Aboutajdine Driss, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Image and Signal Processing: 5th International Conference, ICISP 2012, Agadir, Morocco, June 28-30, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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6

Faisal, Shafait, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Camera-Based Document Analysis and Recognition: 4th International Workshop, CBDAR 2011, Beijing, China, September 22, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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7

Computing with spatial trajectories. New York: Springer, c2011., 2011.

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8

Fraser, Gordon. Search Based Software Engineering: 4th International Symposium, SSBSE 2012, Riva del Garda, Italy, September 28-30, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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9

Es'kov, Evgeniy. Biological effects of electromagnetic fields. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1229809.

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The monograph, based on the use of literary information and research materials of the author, attempts to systematize the influence of natural and anthropogenic electric fields on biological objects of different levels of complexity. The origin of cosmic and terrestrial magnetism is described and the influence of this factor on the physiological state, viability and development of plant and animal objects is analyzed. The biological effects of magnetic storms are investigated. The mechanisms of generation, perception and use of electric fields in signaling and spatial orientation of animals are analyzed. Much attention is paid to the analysis of specific reactions of animals to electromagnetic fields. The prospects of using electromagnetic fields to control the behavior of animals and direct influence on the growth processes of plant objects are considered. For a wide range of readers interested in the possibilities of controlling animal behavior and influencing plant growth.

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10

Jungclaus, Jan. Consilium Urbis: A collective intelligence approach for perception-based urban analysis. 2009.

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11

Ruffolo, Ida. Perception of Nature in Travel Promotion Texts: A Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2014.

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12

Ruffolo, Ida. Perception of Nature in Travel Promotion Texts: A Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2014.

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13

Ruffolo, Ida. Perception of Nature in Travel Promotion Texts: A Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2014.

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14

Ruffolo, Ida. Perception of Nature in Travel Promotion Texts: A Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2014.

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15

Tenney, James. Hierarchical Temporal Gestalt Perception in Music. Edited by Larry Polansky, Lauren Pratt, Robert Wannamaker, and Michael Winter. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038723.003.0009.

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Анотація:

James Tenney talks about hierarchical temporal gestalt perception in music based on a metric space model, which he applied to compositions by Anton Webern, Edgard Varèse, and Claude Debussy. He begins with a discussion of temporal gestalt-units (TGs), using the terms “element,” “clang,” and “sequence” to designate TGs at the first three hierarchical levels of perceptual organization. He then considers a number of questions that might be the most relevant to musical perception, such as: how the perceptual boundaries of a TG are determined; or the extent to which the factors involved in temporal gestalt perception are objective. In an effort to provide some tentative answers to such questions, Tenney proposes a hypothesis of temporal gestalt perception and presents some results of a computer analysis program based on this hypothesis. The program, written by Larry Polansky, represents a simplified model of this aspect of musical perception, and Tenney describes some of the implications, limitations, and possible extensions of this model.

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16

Frühholz, Sascha, and Pascal Belin, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Voice Perception. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198743187.001.0001.

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The past decades have seen an explosion of research into the psychological, cognitive, neural, biological, and technical mechanisms of voice perception. These mechanisms refer to the general ability to extract information from voices expressed by other living beings or by technical systems. Voice perception research is now a lively area of research, which is studied from many different perspectives ranging from basic research on the acoustic analysis of vocalizations and the neural and cognitive mechanisms, to comparative research across ages, species, and cultures, up to applied research in the field of machine-based generation and decoding of voices, telecommunication, psychiatry, and neurology. This handbook provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview on all the major research fields related to voice perception, in an accessible form, for a broad readership of students, scholars, and researchers. The handbook is divided into seven major parts, each of which deals with a central perspective on voice perception, including what makes the voice special compared to other acoustic signals, the evolutionary and ontogenetic conditions of voice perception, the social cues extracted from voice signals, the machine-based recognition of voices, and the clinical disorders that affect voice perception.

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17

Nering, Michael, Robert Keller, and Lisa Keller. Cross-Cultural Analysis of Image-Based Assessments: Emerging Research and Opportunities. IGI Global, 2017.

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18

Cheng, Li, Liang Wang, and Guoying Zhao. Machine Learning for Vision-Based Motion Analysis. Springer, 2011.

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19

Mcrae, Emily. The Psychology of Moral Judgment and Perception in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Ethics. Edited by Daniel Cozort and James Mark Shields. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198746140.013.24.

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In this chapter two Buddhist moral psychological categories are analysed: the brahmavihāras (the four Boundless Qualities), which are the main moral affective states in Buddhist ethics, and the kleśas, or the afflictive mental states. Based on this analysis, two general claims about moral psychology in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist ethics are argued for. First, that Buddhist moral psychology is centrally interested in the psychology of moral improvement: how do I become the kind of person who can respond in the best possible way to the moral needs of myself and others? Second, and related, Buddhist moral psychology focuses on the skills of moral perception and attention. Moral philosophical arguments, it is argued, are generally offered in the context of self-cultivation exercises and not, as they often are in Western ethics, as models of moral deliberation.

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20

Cheng, Li, Liang Wang, Matti Pietikäinen, and Guoying Zhao. Machine Learning for Vision-Based Motion Analysis: Theory and Techniques. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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21

Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina, and Roberto Martínez Barranco Kukutschka. Can a Civilisation Know Its Own Institutional Decline? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817062.003.0004.

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This chapter asks if current indicators of low trust and moral decay in Europe can be better traced to facts than similar perceptions on record from the Western Roman Empire during its decline. The answer is provided by complementing individual-level analysis of corruption survey data with national-level data, using three novel fact-based indicators. The findings provide a general validation of public perception by more objective indicators. Most individuals seem to report what they observe and experience, uninfluenced by media or social status, so these negative perceptions are likely to reflect the overall practices that people observe as well as the integrity policy framework. The chapter argues that public perception does not need direct evidence to have objective evidence, and indirect indicators offer sufficient grounds for the perception of corruption and decaying standards. Nevertheless, the chapter also shows that objectivity is uneven across respondents of a survey.

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22

Elmoataz, Abderrahim, Driss Mammass, Olivier Lezoray, Fathallah Nouboud, and Jean Meunier. Image and Signal Processing: 4th International Conference, ICISP 2010, Québec, Canada, June 30 - July 2, 2010. Proceedings. Springer London, Limited, 2010.

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23

Elmoataz, Abderrahim, Driss Mammass, Olivier Lezoray, and Fathallah Nouboud. Image and Signal Processing: 6th International Conference, ICISP 2014, Cherbourg, France, June 20 -- July 2, 2014, Proceedings. Springer London, Limited, 2014.

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24

Image and Signal Processing: 6th International Conference, ICISP 2014, Cherbourg, France, June 20 -- July 2, 2014, Proceedings. Springer, 2014.

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25

Lepora, Nathan F. Decision making. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0028.

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Decision making is the process by which alternatives are deliberated and chosen based on the values and goals of the decision maker. In this chapter, we describe recent progress in understanding how living organisms make decisions and the implications for engineering artificial systems with decision-making capabilities. Nature appears to re-use design principles for decision making across a hierarchy of organizational levels, from cells to organisms to entire populations. One common principle is that decision formation is realized by accumulating sensory evidence up to a threshold, approximating the optimal statistical technique of sequential analysis. Sequential analysis has applications spanning from cryptography to clinical drug testing. Artificial perception based on sequential analysis has advanced robot capabilities, enabling robust sensing under uncertainty. Future applications could lead to individual robots, or artificial swarms, that perceive and interact with complex environments with an ease and robustness now achievable only by living organisms.

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26

Poffo, Íris Regina Fernandes. Acidentes ambientais em áreas portuárias: Percepção de risco e reações na visão ecossistêmica. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-102-8.

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The purpose of this book is based on the principles of precaution and solidarity. Its main objective is to contribute to the activities of prevention, preparedness and response to environmental accidents in port areas, from the ecosystem point of view. Studies on risk perception surveys, on causes and consequences of accidents, and about people´s behavior during these accidents, are useful to enrich risk management programs, and emergency plans. This content was elaborated based on the postgraduate studies in Environmental Sciences at USP/SP, and the post-doctorate in Psychology at PUC/SP. All of them involved analysis of environmental accidents in port areas of São Sebastião and Santos (SP), and risk perception surveys. Adds to this the author's 30-year experience at the environmental agency of São Paulo state (1988/2018). This book comments on 60 accidents, technological and/or influenced by natural phenomena, in the Brazilian ports and abroad, from 1900/2019. There were highlighted topics such as: people´s reactions in dangerous situations, social and environmental consequences, risk perception of effects on human health, and oily fauna, among others. The work concludes that people which are very curious, opportunistic and reckless can amplify the consequences of these episodes. It highlights that cautious, supportive and altruistic people help to minimize them, when they act with knowledge, discernment and goodwill. The investments in prevention and preparedness have helped to reduce the number of accidents and it´s severity, so they should have continuity, in an effort that catastrophic situations do not repeat.

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27

Shafait, Faisal, and Masakazu Iwamura. Camera-Based Document Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Workshop, CBDAR 2013, Washington, DC, USA, August 23, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Springer London, Limited, 2014.

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28

Shafait, Faisal, and Masakazu Iwamura. Camera-Based Document Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Workshop, CBDAR 2013, Washington, DC, USA, August 23, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing AG, 2014.

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29

Buroker, Jill Vance. Kant on Judging and the Will. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198724957.003.0011.

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Kant’s Critical philosophy depends on the distinction between theoretical and practical reason, which he borrowed from Aristotle. But unlike Aristotle Kant claims that theoretical reason is subordinate to practical reason. This raises the possibility that theoretical judging could be a voluntary activity. This chapter investigates Kant’s view of the relation between theoretical judgments and the will. Based on Andrew Chignell’s recent work, it is argued that Kant recognizes the legitimate direct use of the will only in judgments he labels Belief (Glaube). With respect to Knowledge, his position is identical to Descartes’s position on clear and distinct perception. An analysis of Kant’s voluntarism regarding the activities of theoretical reason provides a model for subordinating theoretical reason to practical reason.

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30

Search-Based Software Engineering: 6th International Symposium, SSBSE 2014, Fortaleza, Brazil, August 26-29, 2014, Proceedings. Springer, 2014.

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31

Zhou, Xiaofang, and Yu Zheng. Computing with Spatial Trajectories. Springer, 2011.

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32

Zhou, Xiaofang, and Yu Zheng. Computing with Spatial Trajectories. Springer, 2014.

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33

De Souza, Jonathan. Music at Hand. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190271114.001.0001.

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Musical instruments ground players’ actions and the sounds they create. Yet this book further claims that instruments mediate perception and imagination. Practicing an instrument builds bodily skills, while also fostering auditory-motor connections in players’ brains. These intersensory links reflect the ways that a particular instrument converts action into sound, the ways that it coordinates tonal and physical space. Reactivated in various ways, these connections can influence instrumentalists’ listening, improvisation, and composition. To investigate these effects, the book engages both classical and popular styles, from Bach to electronic music, from Beethoven to the blues. It uses Lewinian transformational theory to model instrumental interfaces and to analyze patterns of body-instrument interaction. Though based in music theory and analysis, the book also draws on psychology, including cognitive neuroscience, and the phenomenological philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Martin Heidegger. Ultimately, it argues that music cognition is not simply embodied; it is also conditioned by musical technology.

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34

Hancock, Edwin. Similarity-Based Pattern Recognition: Second International Workshop, SIMBAD 2013, York, UK, July 3-5, 2013. Proceedings. 2013.

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35

Hancock, Edwin, and Marcello Pelillo. Similarity-Based Pattern Recognition: Second International Workshop, SIMBAD 2013, York, UK, July 3-5, 2013, Proceedings. Springer, 2013.

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36

Hancock, Edwin, and Marcello Pelillo. Similarity-Based Pattern Recognition: Second International Workshop, SIMBAD 2013, York, UK, July 3-5, 2013, Proceedings. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2013.

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37

Caston, Victor, ed. Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Volume 58. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858997.001.0001.

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Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy provides, twice each year, a collection of the best current work in the field of ancient philosophy. Each volume features original essays that contribute to an understanding of a wide range of themes and problems in all periods of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, from the beginnings to the threshold of the middle ages. From its first volume in 1983, OSAP has been a highly influential venue for work in the field, and has often featured essays of substantial length as well as critical essays on books of distinctive importance. Volume LVIII contains: a close reading of Plato’s argument for the unity of the political arts in the Statesman; a new interpretation of the lowest part of the Divided Line in Plato’s Republic, based on the perception of value properties; an analysis of Plato’s treatment of belief attribution in the Theaetetus, the Gorgias, and the Meno; a reconstruction of Aristotle’s argument for why direct demonstrations are superior to those which argue by reduction ad impossibile in Posterior Analytics 1. 26; an interpretation of Aristotle’s conception of spontaneous generation that emphasizes the role of putrefaction; a sceptical reading of Cicero’s Tusculan Disputations; a comprehensive survey of Sextus Empiricus’ attitude towards religious belief and practice; and a review essay of Miriam Griffin’s collected papers, which discusses not only the question of how precisely philosophy affected statesmen in Rome, but also larger methodological questions about the history of philosophy.

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38

Landau, Ruth, and Clemens Ortner. Genetics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713333.003.0052.

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Phenotyping is key in all genetic association studies and designing clinical studies to assess the genetic contribution to pain and analgesic response in general, and in the context of obstetric pain is even more challenging. In addition, interpreting results, particularly when multiple genes are evaluated, requires large sample sizes and appropriate statistical analysis to avoid misconstrued finding. The genetic contribution to labour pain or even that of pharmacogenetics to explain differences in analgesic response is probably not simple and straightforward and we are at the beginning of our explorations. Firm recommendations to tailor opioid regimens based on patients’ individual genetic profile are not available and are unlikely to become available in the near future other than for the prescription of codeine. To help explore genetic variants that influence the progress of labour and other various obstetric outcomes, the concept of mathematical modelling of labour progress is extremely promising and may in the future allow identification of some important genetic contributions and will perhaps one day predict labour outcome and labour pain perception.

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39

Roßteutscher, Sigrid, Ina Bieber, Lars-Christopher Stövsand, and Manuela Blumenberg. Candidate Perception and Individual Vote Choice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792130.003.0010.

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This chapter explores the relevance of social cues for voting behavior in Germany. It explores effects of social cues that build on role-based and social-similarity-based stereotyping. Using data from voter surveys that are merged with information about candidate characteristics, the analysis demonstrates that role-based cues played no part in affecting voter decisions on the first vote in the 2009 and 2013 German federal elections. By contrast, cues that build on social similarity (e.g. gender, age, education, social class, religion, or migrant background) appear to have made a difference, at least in certain subsections of the electorate, such as partisan independents.

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40

Dokic, Jérôme. Visual Awareness and Visual Appearances. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199666416.003.0008.

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Many philosophers from the traditions of both phenomenology and analytic philosophy have observed that our perceptual (e.g. visual) experience involves a certain duality. In the terminology used in this chapter, we seem to be visually aware of more than what is visually apparent to us. Such duality is present in various cases, from the perception of opaque volumetric objects to that of natural kinds, artefacts, and familiar persons. This chapter offers a general account of the duality, according to which visual appearances supervene on low-level visual facts while the scope of visual awareness depends on context-sensitive cognitive habits or heuristics based on visual appearances.

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41

Fujita, Kazuo, Noriyuki Nakamura, and Sota Watanabe. Visual Illusion in a Comparative Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0003.

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Visual illusions in nonhuman animals are not only an intriguing topic in themselves but also an important question to understand regarding how humans’ perceptual systems have developed through evolution, why they work as they do, and what mechanisms such illusory processes are based on. Furthermore, the effects of early experience on illusory perception can be understood by controlling raising environments of nonhumans. This chapter presents a brief review of the literature then looks at more recent systematic analyses mainly focused on pigeons. Although pigeons are susceptible to various illusions, they perceive some of the illusory figures distorted in the direction opposite to humans. Perceptual systems in pigeons are likely to be adaptive to the way they live in their environment. The chapter presents a view of human perceptual functions situated in the animal kingdom.

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42

Suprun, Sergey P., Anatoly P. Suprun, and Victor F. Petrenko. Schrödinger's Cat Smile. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150496641220201.

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The book presents a multidisciplinary analysis of the context of quantum physics experiments and the function of the human mind that makes it possible to demonstrate that an object-based model of reality formed at the level of the unconscious is the basis of our worldview. The consciousness experiences a time flow because of the specific features of perception in the form of a model with a sequential fixation of events. Together with the need to relate objects in terms of the model, this generates a space-time representation of the world around us. Acceptance of a mental character of our construct of reality allows for resolution of the problems in quantum physics and its paradoxes, thereby opening the way to an insight into reality. The presented material is organized in a specific order to facilitate the reader`s understanding. First, the fact that if there are no objects in the area of quantum mechanics, then they belong to the corresponding model rather than the reality is proved by case studies of the most discussed and relevant paradoxes of quantum physics. The authors consider a topological variant in constructing an object-based space that describes the physical properties of an object that are the most verified in science and describable with mathematical relations. The functionality of the proposed construct is tested by deriving the laws of conservation of energy and momentum in a relativistic form. The book is oriented towards experts in physics and psychology, advanced students, and readers interested in state-of-the-art science and the philosophy connected to it.

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43

Cooper, Jill, and Nina Kite. Occupational therapy in palliative care. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0046.

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Occupational therapy in palliative care aims to help patients achieve their optimum independence in activities that are important to them. The specific functional difficulties may include extreme fatigue, anxiety and shortness of breath due to advanced disease including metastatic spinal cord compression, fractures, or peripheral neuropathies. Patients may have problems with cognition and perception, body image, life role, and spiritual issues as well as physical disabilities. This chapter describes the broad range of areas in which the occupational therapist works in palliative care together with the interprofessional team. They take a key role in organizing and facilitating safe discharge and care at home, with the aim of achieving best quality of life and avoiding re-admission to hospital wherever possible. The occupational therapist analyses and assesses specific problems and provides a treatment programme or solution to help the patient remain as independent as possible, using clinical reasoning and evidence-based practice.

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44

Ash, Susan. Funding Philanthropy. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781381397.001.0001.

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This book investigates how Dr. Barnardo, the Victorian children’s philanthropist, operated as both story teller and showman, using mass media to create a globalised support network. His philanthropic ‘empire’ operated as an exceptional Victorian manifestation of promotional and branding mechanisms that are perceived as commonplace in the twentieth century. Metaphor and narrative modes normally associated with fiction such as Charles Dickens’s novels, as well as public spectacles associated with showmen such as P. T. Barnum, provide the organising principle for the book. Ultimately, however, the analysis reveals an overlapping concurrence of these three categories because, in practice, each tends to inflect the other. The book is also crucially concerned with affect, theorising how corporal responses such as excitement, shame and disgust operate in Barnardo’s figures of speech, ‘stories’ and spectacles to arouse sympathy and provoke ideological and financial support. Part One takes a long look at metaphor in order to tease out how ‘the open door’, Barnardo’s central institutional icon, operated as a multifaceted metaphor to characterize and promote his version of philanthropy in a crowded charity market. Part Two examines how Barnardo shaped perception of his brand by storytelling practices based on the ‘re-creation’ of direct, first-hand experience and feelings. Part Three considers how collective benevolence also depends upon spectacle for widespread success.

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45

Weaver, Bryan R., and Kevin Scharp. Semantics for Reasons. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832621.001.0001.

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The focus of the book is the semantics of reasons locutions, for example reasons for someone to do something or believe something or be a certain way. Given the leading role that talk of reasons plays in many different kinds of philosophy, the book addresses issues in the theory of reasons, metaethics, epistemology, the philosophies of language and perception, and linguistics. The primary aim of the book is to present and defend a contextualist semantics of reasons locutions. the book’s contextualism for reasons locutions is based on the idea that conversations have a particular question under discussion (QUD). The QUD in a conversation determines which meaning the word ‘reason’ has in that context. The book shows why reasons contextualism is preferable to four competing views on the topic: Simon Blackburn’s expressivism, Stephen Finlay’s conceptual analysis, Tim Henning’s alternative contextualism, and Niko Kolodny’s relativism. In addition, the work pursues secondary aims of consolidating insights about the nature of reasons from different philosophical subfields and establishing results about reasons in several debates ranging across philosophy. In particular, the book draws the implications of reasons contextualism for the ontology of reasons, indexical facts, whether there are reasons to be rational, the nature of moral reasons, and the idea that reasons have a special place in the realm of normative phenomena in general.

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46

Uma análise da percepção docente, gestora e familiar sobre a qualidade da educação básica em escolas públicas em defesa do modelo cívico-militar. Editora Acadêmica Periodicojs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/hp07.2021.33.

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The objective of this study was to analyze the perception of teachers, managers and family members of the municipal and state education system in a city in the Metropolitan Region of Recife / PE regarding the quality of basic education, difficulties faced, student performance and the process of implementing the civic-military model in the the public school. 64 subjects participated in the study, which were subdivided into 13 managers, 30 teachers working in elementary and high school and 21 parents / guardians of a municipal school and a state school. The instruments used for data collection were 3 (three) electronic questionnaires developed in Google forms, containing objective and subjective questions, directed to managers, teachers and parents / guardians. Quantitative data were treated statistically by the PRISMA for Windows program - Version 4.03 and analyzed by the Chi-square test, with p <0.05, expressed in percentages, and the data referring to the qualitative evaluation were treated through analysis of content, with data represented qualitatively and expressed in a table. It was found in this study, from the perception of teachers, managers and parents about basic education, that the main problems faced are associated with the low interest of students in studies (69.2%; 76.7%, p= 0.032) and lack of adequate structure (50%, p= 0.038). Regarding the contribution of the civic-military model, the study pointed out the improvement of students' behavior in the family, school and social environment (71.4% p= 0.053), improving the quality of basic education with an emphasis on access, permanence and in learning (66.7% p= 0.036), makes the teacher feel valued (61.9% p= 0.042), contributes to preventing violence in the school environment and improving school performance (66.7% p= 0.024), contributes to the promotion of society's moral, civic and patriotic values (81.0 p= 0.031), and based on the current model (55%; 54.2% p= 0.005) of teachers and parents feel dissatisfied. We conclude that the civic-military model can contribute to reducing evasion, valuing the teacher, improving student behavior, improving the quality of basic education with an emphasis on access, permanence and learning and contributing to the promotion of society’s family, civic and patriotic end moral values.

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Karaca, Banu. The National Frame. Fordham University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823290208.001.0001.

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Based on long-term ethnographic research in the art world of Istanbul and Berlin, The National Frame rethinks the role of art in state governance. It argues that artistic practices, arts patronage and sponsorship, collecting and curating art, and the modalities of censorship, just like official cultural policies, continue to be refracted through the conceptual lens of the nation-state—despite the intensified and much-studied globalization of art. By examining discussions on the civilizing function of art in Germany and Turkey and moments in which art is seen to cede this function, the book reveals the histories of violence on which the production, circulation, and presentation—indeed our very understanding—of art are predicated. It is in the process of disavowing this violence that contemporary art as a global practice keeps being called back into the national frame. Turkey and Germany occupy different places in dominant geopolitical and civilizational imaginaries that have construed the world in terms of “East” and “West,” and, more recently, “Islam” and “Christianity” as incommensurable entities. Unlike German art, art from Turkey is often seen as merging “traditional” and modern motifs, and expressive of “Turkish culture.” Working against this asymmetric perception the book fosters a comparative perspective by showing that Germany and Turkey share a long, troubling history of cultural encounters and political affiliation and similar struggles in claiming modern nationhood. The joint analysis of both cases reveals how art is configured politically and socially and why art has been at once vital and unwieldy for national projects.

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Tsygankov, Andrei P. The Dark Double. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190919337.001.0001.

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This book studies the role of US media in presenting American values as principally different from and superior to those of Russia. The analysis focuses on the media’s narratives, frames, and nature of criticism of the Russian side and is based on texts of editorials of selected mainstream newspapers in the United States and other media sources. The book identifies five media narratives of Russia—“transition to democracy” (1991–1995), “chaos” (1995–2005), “neo-Soviet autocracy” (2005–2013), “foreign enemy” (since 2014), and “collusion” (since 2016)—each emerging in a particular context and supported by distinct frames. The increasingly negative presentation of Russia in the US media is explained by the countries’ cultural differences, interstate competition, and polarizing domestic politics. Interstate conflicts served to consolidate the media’s presentation of Russia as “autocratic,” adversarial, and involved in “collusion” with Donald Trump to undermine American democracy. Russia’s centralization of power and anti-American attitudes also contributed to the US media presentation of Russia as a hostile Other. These internal developments did not initially challenge US values and interests and were secondary in their impact on the formation of Russia image in America. The United States’ domestic partisan divide further exacerbated perception of Russia as a threat to American democracy. Russia’s interference in the US elections deepened the existing divide, with Russia becoming a convenient target for media attacks. Future value conflicts in world politics are likely to develop in the areas where states lack internal confidence and where their preferences over the international system conflict.

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Palamarchuk, Anastasia, Ekaterina Terenteva, and Sergey Fyodorov. The Birth of the National Historical Writing in England and France. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288061646.

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The monograph is a study of main trends of emergence and evolution of the national historical writing in Western Europe in the XVIIth century. Based on a complex analysis of several phenomena which defined the development of the Early Modern historical writing, it provides a comparative analysis of the regional schools of historical writing (particularly those of the English antiquaries and French érudits) in the process of their respective growth and formation accomplished by the end of XVIIth century with the advent of the national historiography. The conceptual unity of the book is verified within the context of the rise of the national states in England and France, which stipulated a consistent demand for reinforcing the nationally orientated discourses not only in a historical writing but also in legal and political thought. The perception of England as an empire, entrenched in the insular historical and legal consciousness, recurring during the reigns of the Stuarts and extending to the whole British archipelago, determined the establishment of chorography as a prevalent form characteristic of the English historiography. Chorographic structure of the narrative unfolding the space of the territorial “empire” to the reader corresponded to the method of “intellectual appropriation” of the British Isles by the English antiquarians which could be defined as “cultural-historical”. A considerable role was devoted to reactualization of ethnogenetic myths at different levels: while some of them (primarily – the Galfridian myth) were regarded as relevant to the pan-British cultural and historical past, others emphasized autonomous dimensions of the past and present of distinct composites (Scotland, Ireland, Wales) The continental French variant of proto-national historiography also utilized the idea of empire but in a different mode defined by the formula “rex in regno suo imperator est”. The emerging school of érudits modelled principles of its narratives on patrimonial structures rooted in the feudal medieval society (dynasty; royal family; aristocratic lineages; seigneurial rights and vassal obligations; the system of offices created by the monarch stemming from the royal household etc.). The unity of the subjects of the French kingdom was ensured not by the shared territorial commonality but by their loyalty to the king. Therefore, the French variant of “intellectual appropriation” was developed in a socio-political direction in contrast to the territorial.

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Vickery, Jacqueline Ryan, and S. Craig Watkins. Worried About the Wrong Things. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036023.001.0001.

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It’s a familiar narrative in both real life and fiction, from news reports to television storylines: a young person is bullied online, or targeted by an online predator, or exposed to sexually explicit content. The consequences are bleak; the young person is shunned, suicidal, psychologically ruined. In this book, Jacqueline Ryan Vickery argues that there are other urgent concerns about young people’s online experiences besides porn, predators, and peers. We need to turn our attention to inequitable opportunities for participation in a digital culture. Technical and material obstacles prevent low-income and other marginalized young people from the positive, community-building, and creative experiences that are possible online. Vickery explains that cautionary tales about online risk have shaped the way we think about technology and youth. She analyzes the discourses of risk in popular culture, journalism, and policy, and finds that harm-driven expectations, based on a privileged perception of risk, enact control over technology. Opportunity-driven expectations, on the other hand, based on evidence and lived experience, produce discourses that acknowledge the practices and agency of young people rather than seeing them as passive victims. Vickery first addresses how the discourses of risk regulate and control technology, then turns to the online practices of youth at a low-income, minority-majority Texas high school. She considers the participation gap and the need for schools to teach digital literacies, privacy, and different online learning ecologies. Finally, she shows that opportunity-driven expectations can guide young people’s online experiences in ways that balance protection and agency.

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