Статті в журналах з теми "Perception and management of health risks"
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1
Carballo, Rita R., Carmelo J. León, and María M. Carballo. "The perception of risk by international travellers." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 9, no. 5 (October 9, 2017): 534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-07-2017-0032.
Анотація:
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the perception of risk by international travellers. There are multiple risks facing tourism that contribute to the formation of perception of risk. It is necessary to identify the different types of risks that are perceived in tourist destinations. This paper suggests policies and techniques to mitigate the risk perceptions in tourism. Design/methodology/approach A preliminary questionnaire survey was conducted to test the types of risks that are perceived in international destinations. The data were further analysed with factor analysis to measure the dimension of risk perceptions. Findings The main results point to the existence of five types of risk affecting tourists during international travel: health risk, risk of suffering from crime and delinquency, accident risk, environmental risk and risk from disasters. Result shows that uncontrollable risks are perceived as more important than those which are more controllable. Originality/value As the existing literature on perception of risk in tourism does not contain a substantially detailed discussion relating to types of risk in international destinations and its contribution to the formation of risk perceptions, this paper may contribute to a better understanding of risk perception. The results could assist in decision-making and have implications for the management of risks.
2
Krewski, Daniel, Louise Lemyre, Michelle C. Turner, Jennifer E. C. Lee, Christine Dallaire, Louise Bouchard, Kevin Brand, and Pierre Mercier. "Public perception of population health risks in Canada: health hazards and health outcomes." International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 11, no. 3/4 (2009): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2009.023158.
3
Desivilya, Helena, Sharon Teitler-Regev, and Shosh Shahrabani. "The effects of conflict on risk perception and travelling intention of young tourists." EuroMed Journal of Business 10, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 118–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-08-2014-0025.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the evaluations of various risks by young Israelis living in conflict area and their Polish counterparts, who do not live in conflict area and how these perceptions affect their traveling intentions to destinations with different types of risks – Egypt, Turkey, India and Japan. Design/methodology/approach – The research participants were 713 Israeli and Polish students who responded to a structured questionnaire. Findings – The findings validate the assumption that contextual distinctions shape differently factors affecting traveling risk estimation and the intention of young people to travel abroad. The results indicated that the priming effect is substantial, reflected in Israelis’ significantly higher assessments of risks concerning destinations with terror, health and natural disasters hazards in comparison to Poles’ evaluations. As predicted, Israeli students exhibit lesser intentions to travel to Turkey, Egypt and India than their Polish counterparts. The study also showed similarities between Israeli and Polish students. Young tourists’ with strong aversion to health hazards exhibit low intention to travel to India and those refraining from economic crisis are reluctant to travel to Egypt. The intention to travel to Japan and India decreased with high perception of destination risks. Originality/value – The current study constitutes a new departure in studying the contextual effects on travel-related decision making. It focusses on the impact of conflict ridden environment on intentions, attitudes and risks perception of young tourists with respect to traveling to risky destinations, previously hardly studied.
4
Alrawad, Mahmaod, Abdalwali Lutfi, Sundus Alyatama, Ibrahim A. Elshaer, and Mohammed Amin Almaiah. "Perception of Occupational and Environmental Risks and Hazards among Mineworkers: A Psychometric Paradigm Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 12, 2022): 3371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063371.
Анотація:
This study aims to assess workers’ perception of occupational and environmental risks and hazards using the psychometric paradigm. For this purpose, data were collected using survey questionnaires from 360 mineworkers recruited from mineral and sand mines. Respondents were asked to evaluate eight occupational and environmental risks and hazards on nine commonly used risk characteristics. The principal component analysis revealed that two components, “Dreaded” and “Unknown”, explained 73% percent of the total variance in workers’ risk perception. The results also showed that the risk of developing an occupational disease was perceived as the most dreaded and unknown type of risk, while landslide, occupational noise, and vibration exposure were the least familiar to the respondents. A practical implication of this research is that the results may offer an insight into the employees’ perceptions of the hazards and risks associated with their working environment. This could help risk management develop and implement effective risk management and communications strategies.
5
Sutton, Stephen. "Perception of Health Risks: A Selective Review of the Psychological Literature." Risk Management 1, no. 1 (January 1999): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rm.8240014.
6
Suzuki, Yuriko, Hirooki Yabe, Seiji Yasumura, Tetsuya Ohira, Shin-Ichi Niwa, Akira Ohtsuru, Hirobumi Mashiko, Masaharu Maeda, and Masafumi Abe. "Psychological distress and the perception of radiation risks: the Fukushima health management survey." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 93, no. 9 (June 15, 2015): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/blt.14.146498.
7
Liu, Hui, Jie Li, Hongyang Li, He Li, Peng Mao, and Jingfeng Yuan. "Risk Perception and Coping Behavior of Construction Workers on Occupational Health Risks—A Case Study of Nanjing, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 7040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137040.
Анотація:
To reduce harm caused by occupational health risks of construction workers exposed to working environments, especially those for interior decoration, it is crucial for them to actively recognize and prevent these risks. Therefore, how to improve their occupational health risks perception and regulate their coping behaviors should be of great concern. However, most prior studies target construction worker safety, and little research focuses on risk analysis from the psychological level of workers. Hence, construction workers’ occupational health risk perception level and coping behavior level in Nanjing and the influencing factors were analyzed through statistical analysis with 341 valid questionnaires. Bootstrapping was applied to test the mediating effects of risk perception on the proposed factors and coping behaviors. This study revealed that construction workers have a high-level of occupational health risk perception, yet low-level coping behavior. Gender, age, education level, and unit qualification cause differences in individual risk perception level. Personal knowledge and group effects significantly affect the level of risk perception, which subsequently affect coping behavior. Education level, monthly income, and personal knowledge influence the coping behavior through risk perception. Recommendations were put forward for risk perception and coping behavior improvement from the perspectives of construction workers themselves, enterprises, and governments. This study sheds new light for research areas of occupational health and risk management and provides beneficial practice for improving construction workers’ responses to occupational health risks.
8
Ajala, Aderemi Suleiman. "Space, Identity and Health Risks: a study of domestic waste in Ibadan, Nigeria." Health, Culture and Society 1, no. 1 (October 11, 2011): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2011.62.
Анотація:
Poor waste management has characterized Ibadan’s modern and historical identity. As a consequence, residents of Ibadan (indigenes) hold diverse views about the city's image, while non-indigenes label it "filthy" and "dirty". These perceptions, spatial and cultural, are deep rooted, intertwining with the political and cultural plane of Nigerian society. A distinction between “self” and “others” is seen to mark a discourse and counter discourse in the perception of health risks associated with domestic waste in the Ibadan. Through survey and descriptive ethnography, our paper examines the nature and extent of domestic waste in Ibadan, as a physical, community and psychological reality, where we seek to explain how generation and poor waste management impacts on these spaces and the very mechanics of identity. Different perceptions of health risks are observed as well the vulnerability to diseases associated with domestic waste and poor hygiene, bringing into play the socioeconomic variables and residential patterns which constitute the daily reality of this city. Our study establishes that the increase in urban population, the low economic status, the indiscriminate setting up of artisans’ shops or outlets and the overall inability of government agencies to monitor the menace of domestic waste and its attendant health risks, are central factors to the problem generically deemed one of “waste”.
9
Azam, Hashim, Niesha Agilan, Pulina Pitigala, Anjaneya Gupta, Julian Fung, Catherine M. Miller, Oyelola Adegboye, and Dileep Sharma. "Impact of COVID-19 on Patients’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Dental Health Services: A Questionnaire Based Study in an Australian University Dental Clinic." Healthcare 10, no. 9 (September 12, 2022): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091747.
Анотація:
COVID-19, the global pandemic, has significantly interrupted the provision of oral health care to many individuals. This study aims to evaluate patients’ attitudes to and perceptions of dental visits in the COVID-19 pandemic and assess if socio-economic status influences their perception of risk associated with dental visits. Patients attending the dental clinic were invited to participate in this study by completing a questionnaire administered in August 2021. Composite indicators for access, attitude, perception and socio-economic status were created based on subsets of questions. A total of 247 completed questionnaires were obtained. Analysis was performed with the perception, attitude and access indicators against the socio-economic status indicator. This study found that there is a statistically significant difference between socio-economic groups and their attitudes and perceptions around dental health care services in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals from lower socio-economic status groups were less influenced by the pandemic. Participants from higher socio-economic status groups were found to be more cautious around COVID-19 and its risks.
10
Chan, Chung-Shing. "Developing a Conceptual Model for the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Changing Tourism Risk Perception." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 17, 2021): 9824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189824.
Анотація:
The global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has tremendously reshaped the tourism industry and destinations worldwide. Tourism destinations and the travel market require empirical research to support their post-pandemic strategies, especially in relation to the influences of changing perceptions of tourism risks, experience, and behavioural intention. This paper aims to propose a conceptual model and its hypotheses of the perceived tourism risks of natural and man-made disasters to explain the associations between the expected travel experience and ultimate travel behaviour. This paper provides a foundation for further empirical study based on a literature review and discussion. Several areas of theoretical development are identified for immediate research: (1) comparison of self-interpretation and understanding of multi-dimensional tourism risks of natural and man-made complexity in epidemics across a great variety of geographical and geo-political territories; (2) a complex web of influence to changing safety concerns and risk perception by information dissemination; (3) the effect of destination selection or hesitation in travel intention caused by changing destination image; and (4) local perception of the epidemic and health crisis. Destination authorities are recommended to (1) strengthen the preparedness and emergency responses of an effective disaster management process, (2) maintain the emotional solidarity of both tourists and local residents, and (3) mitigate multiple dimensions of the perceived risks, mainly associated with the health and psychological risks of those affected.
11
Abanga, Charles, Wilkister Moturi, and Stanley Makindi. "Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of workers on safety hazards and health risks in vehicle body manufacturing companies in Nairobi County, Kenya." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. VI (2023): 973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7678.
Анотація:
The manufacturing of vehicle bodies in Nairobi County, Kenya, exposes workers to a number of safety and health risks. For the purpose of creating efficient safety and health programs, it is essential to comprehend the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of employees about these hazards. Therefore, this paper intended to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of employees regarding health and safety hazards in Nairobi County, Kenya where majority of vehicle body manufacturing companies are situated. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain qualitative and quantitative data from 260 firms using a cross-sectional survey approach. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the knowledge, attitudes and perception of workers on safety hazards and risks in the vehicle body manufacturing companies was highly affected and dependent on the need for occupational health risks and safety hazards being reported to the administration. Within this, majority respondents argued that improved personnel management would be essential in improving knowledge, attitudes and perception of workers on the OSH. The results will provide insight into the level of workers’ awareness of health and safety problems, their attitudes toward safety precautions, and their opinions of how effective current safety programs are. These findings will help to establish targeted safety measures and policies that will lessen the impact of health and safety concerns on workers in Nairobi County, Kenya’s vehicle body manufacturing sector.
12
Zhang, Yahan, Shanshan Liu, and JongWoo Jun. "A Comparative Study on the Cultural Dimensions and Health Perception of the COVID-19 Pandemic between China and the United States." Healthcare 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2022): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10061081.
Анотація:
When a public crisis such as COVID-19 occurs, factors that affect health-related behaviors, such as compliance with safety precautions, health professionals, and directives from government agencies will become more obvious. This research explores the differences between the people of the United States and China regarding preventive behavioral intentions, perceptions of personal and social risks, seriousness, and other cultural characteristics in the context of the COVID-19 health crisis. The purpose is to provide insights that can be used when global public health events occur in the future. A total of 536 people who lived in the US and China from 12 July to 7 September 2020 were recruited in the survey. Through a web-based survey, differences in the attitudes and perceptions of COVID-19 between the two countries were identified. Overall, the people of China scored higher than Americans on several measures regarding personal risk perception, social risk perception, and seriousness. Chinese citizens also had higher preventive behavioral intentions than their US counterparts. In addition, the relationships between cultural dimensions and health-related variables were also different.
13
Li, Qiwei, Elias Mpofu, Cheng Yin, and Keith W. Turner. "Perception of Falls and Confidence in Self-Management of Falls among Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245054.
Анотація:
Objectives: Fall preventive programs aim to reduce risks for mortality from fall-related injuries among older adults. However, the covariation between personal perceptions of falls and factors and confidence of self-management in falls (CSMoF) is still under-studied despite its importance to fall prevention. We aimed to investigate the relative contribution of CSMoF in relation to fall risk self-perceptions while controlling for demographics and self-reported health and functioning. Method: Participants were 691 older adults recruited from Area Agency on Aging at Arlington, Texas (females = 76.1%, mean age = 76.23, SD = 6.44, with chronic condition = 79.5%). They completed measures of physical functioning, CSMoF, fall risk perceptions and fear of falls. Results: Regression analyses indicated that fear of fall was the most predictive factor of CSMoF among older persons, accounting for about 25% of the variance. Physical function measures of age, chronic illnesses of metabolism, sensory impairment, and health status were also significant predictors of the CSMoF, but to a lesser extent than fear of falls and fall perceptions. The interaction of perception of falls and fall experience attenuated CSMoF, with physical functioning limitations. Conclusion: The joint effects of perception of falls and fear of falls likely explain CSMoF among older adults more than physical functional indicators. Fall prevention programs for older adults should prioritize to address modifiable subjective factors of fall perceptions, fear of falls, and CSMoF across health and functioning statuses.
14
Liu, Yang, Charlene Xie, and Shengxiang She. "Perception of delayed environmental risks: beyond time discounting." Disaster Prevention and Management 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-06-2013-0099.
Анотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore the effect of time delay on the perception of environmental risks beyond time discounting, and thus provide a reference for effective communication related to environment and environmental risks. Design/methodology/approach – Ten risk scenarios across four time delay conditions were designed. Computer program randomly presented different risk scenarios to student subjects. Risk perception was measured through equivalent certain loss elicited by bi-section method. In all, 50 students from Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School participated in the experiment. Findings – Time delay makes the subjects optimistic toward environmental risk with the exclusion of time discounting. The more distant in time the occurrence of an environmental risk, the less in intensity subjects will perceive it as a severe threat. Also, there is a noticeable difference in environmental risk perception between males and females. Research limitations/implications – This tentative research focusses on exploring the existence of time delay effect on environmental risk perception. Only student subjects are recruited for this research. Future studies are needed to extend the population to people of different backgrounds in order to generalize the finding. Practical implications – Current ethical appeal of zero social discount rate is unlikely to be effective. Time delay effect in people's environmental risk perception should be acknowledged. Such an acknowledgement is the basis of trust in risk communication. Communication effort needs to address this time delay effect to make people alert to long-term environmental risks, and eventually change their environmental behaviors. Originality/value – The explorative research represents the first attempt to investigate the effect of time delay on environmental risk perception when time discounting is excluded. It suggests a new direction to understand public optimism toward delayed environmental risks, and reluctance to take proactive actions, and thus offers a new insight into related communication efforts.
15
Barg, Anastasiya O. "Peculiarities of behavioral risk factors for health in workers of industrial enterprises." Hygiene and sanitation 95, no. 1 (October 28, 2019): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-1-48-53.
Анотація:
There is actualized the problem of the needfor the awareness of the peculiarities of the subjective perception of health risks in the particular social group as the first step towards the construction of an effective system for the provision of information about risks. There was noted the presence of the gap between expert and everyday knowledge about risk. On the base of materials of two representative sociological surveys of working population of the Perm region with the use of the author tools of the research, there was performed in-depth analysis of the perception of risks and were shown the features of subjective assessment of health risks related to nutrition, smoking and alcohol consumption in workers of industrial enterprises. The empirical analysis of perception of risks related to peculiarities of individual behavior of employees was pointed to be performed extremely rare. The perception of the industrial workers of the health risks related to behavioral factors was revealed to have a multilevel structure. Under the high level of awareness about behavioral health risk factors, self-protection modes of behavior were established to fail to occur widely among employees. Workers in industrial enterprises were determined to be characterized by the overestimation of the impact of environmental and occupational factors on health along with the underestimating of the significance of individual behavior. There was proved the low efficiency of the linear model for the provision of information about risks. The proposed principles of the construction of risk communications in the field of health, ensuring the successful management of the risk perception by workers in the form of transition from provision of information to communication, that means the reliance on dialogue, the abandonment of unilateral translation of knowledge from the leaders (experts) in favor of regular exchange of information with the aim of shaping of consensus on what risk factors are significant, how they influence on the human health and what should be done to minimize them.
16
Ragona, M. "Mycotoxins, the unknowns: trends in food availability and consumer perceptions." World Mycotoxin Journal 9, no. 5 (November 2, 2016): 813–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2016.2054.
Анотація:
Food consumption habits have been changing rapidly over the last decades, and the impact of these changes on the levels of dietary exposure to mycotoxins could be relevant. In this paper, trends in availability of specific foods that are most affected by mycotoxins were analysed, and comparisons were made among different world regions. The food commodities that have been registering very high availability levels and annual increases over the last 20 years are groundnuts and nuts in Africa and Asia, and maize in Africa, which represent an important part of the diets in those regions. Other foods, which are regularly consumed only by subgroups of populations, show increasing trends in many high- or medium-income regions. Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Australia & New Zealand, Western Africa and Eastern Asia are the regions experiencing the most dynamic changes in availability for selected foods. As individual food consumption is determined, among others, by personal risk perceptions, a literature review on the level and drivers of awareness and perception of mycotoxin risks was conducted. The scarce evidence found show a very low level of awareness and a generally moderate perception of risks derived from mycotoxin exposure, lower than risk perceptions associated with other foodborne hazards. Among the determinants of perceived risks, the education level emerges as being inversely related to the risk perception. More research is needed on these aspects, in order to better inform risk management and communication strategies related to mycotoxins.
17
Moniz, Marcela de Abreu, Rayssa Bravo de Oliveira Vollmer, Tamiris Rosa de Souza Leite, Mayara Anne de Freitas Baptista, Amilton Douglas Ferreira de Araujo, Victoria de Freitas Pereira, Ingrid da Silva Souza, et al. "Participatory Research on Environmental Health: Exploring the perceptions of family health strategy professionals." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 9 (July 31, 2021): e46810917956. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17956.
Анотація:
The increasing environmental degradation and the diversity of environmental issues affecting public health in Brazil have required changing the routines and norms of primary healthcare services. The aim of the current study was to explore the perceptions of family health strategy professionals about priority environmental issues associated with risks to the health of local communities. Participatory action research based on the photovoice and focal group techniques and conducted with 28 professionals from two family health strategies in the Casimiro de Abreu County, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Although participants were sensitive to health risk situations associated with inadequate environmental sanitation conditions, they showed limited perception about these risks and about possible actions to be taken in order to change local issues. Professionals of the two localities did not perceive themselves as co-responsible actors for improving the environmental conditions of the territory. There is need of taking contextualized environmental education actions focused on empowering and engaging health professionals, and the investigated community, to reduce health risk conditions through the equal access to sanitation services.
18
Cezar-Vaz, Marta Regina, Jorgana Fernanda de Souza Soares, Paula Pereira de Figueiredo, Eliana Pinho de Azambuja, Cynthia Fontella Sant'Anna, and Valdecir Zavarese da Costa. "Risk perception in family health work: study with workers in Southern Brazil." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 17, no. 6 (December 2009): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692009000600006.
Анотація:
This analytical and qualitative study aimed to identify how workers in the Family Health Strategy perceive the risks they are exposed to at work. Thematic analysis and the reference framework of the work process were used to examine the contents of interviews with 48 subjects (community health agents, nurses, nursing auxiliaries and physicians). The workers noticed the following risks: physical and moral violence, typical work accident, emotional exhaustion, lack of problem-solving ability and occupational disease. The results predominantly show the connection with the object / subject of the work and the social environmental characteristics of the related communities. The study adds to the body of knowledge and can systemize collective and individual technological processes for occupational health risk management in primary health care.
19
Yin, Qianlan, Xiaoqin Shao, Rong Zhang, Jiemei Fan, Wei Dong, and Guanghui Deng. "Psychophysical Risk Perceptions and Sleep Quality of Medical Assistance Team Members in Square Cabin Hospitals: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study." Healthcare 10, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10102048.
Анотація:
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the perceptions of psychophysical risks and sleep quality of Medical Assistance Team Members (MATMs) in Square Cabin Hospitals. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional data collection was conducted in Square Cabin Hospitals during two large-scale lockdowns. The first wave was sampled from MATMs dispatched to Wuhan and the second was from MATMs dispatched to Shanghai. Participants completed online questionnaires comprised of the Risk Perception Questionnaire (RPQ), Positive and negative emotions scale (PANAS), and Sleep Quality Scale (SQS), measuring the psychophysical risk perceptions about the MATMs’ current work, emotional states, and sleep quality. Changes across two waves of data collection were statistically parsed using the exploratory factor analysis and regression models. Results: Data of 220 participants from first-wave samples [S1] and 300 from second-wave samples [S2] were analyzed. Participants reported more worries about physical risks, such as inadequate protection methods and being infected, and S1 rated higher on all risks compared with S2 (as the biggest p-value was 0.021). Across the different situations, the dominant emotional states of MATMs were positive; a higher level of psychophysical risk perceptions, negative emotional states, and poor sleep quality were consistently interrelated. The psychophysical risk perceptions predicted sleep quality. Negative emotions as a state variable intensified the relationship between physical risk perceptions and sleep quality (bindirect effect = 1.084, bootstrapped CI = [0.705, 1.487]). Conclusions: The results provide important evidence that MATMs’ higher level of psychophysical risk perceptions associated with negative emotions could indicate worse sleep quality.
20
Cardwell, Francesca S., and Susan J. Elliott. "Understanding an Environmental Health Risk: Investigating Asthma Risk Perception in Ontario Youth Sport." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (June 7, 2019): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112033.
Анотація:
The environment, broadly defined, plays a significant role in shaping human health. Understanding how environmental health risks are perceived by different people, in different places, and at different times is critical to their management. Using a place-based conceptual framework, this research investigates asthma risk perception determinants and outcomes amongst organized team sport stakeholders in Ontario. Two online surveys (coaches, n = 94; parents of athletes diagnosed with allergic disease, n = 90) were conducted. Binary regression was used to investigate determinants of risk perception. Asthma ranked seventh of 17 health hazards by coaches (23% ranked as high) and parents (34%), and determinants of risk included trigger knowledge, risk exposure, propensity for risk, indicators of trust, and socioeconomic variables (e.g., gender). As policy-makers look to manage health risks in sport, considering the risk profiles of different stakeholders (e.g., coaches, parents of vulnerable athletes), as well as the characteristics of the places in which risk is experienced, is critical to improving environment and health management in organized youth team sports.
21
Barros, Filipe Franklin, Jaidson Max Neves, Eryka Fernanda Miranda Sobral, Fagner José Coutinho de Melo, Bartira Pereira Amorim, Tiago Silveira Machado, Silvio André Vital Junior, Djalma Silva Guimarães Junior, Hérica Gabriela Rodrigues de Araújo, and Emerson Silva Santos. "Disposal of household medications and consumer perception of risk." Concilium 23, no. 13 (July 13, 2023): 335–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-1567-23j12.
Анотація:
The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between the disposal of household medication waste and the perception of risks associated with the disposal of household medication waste in the Sertão region of Pernambuco, Brazil. Despite the respondents of the survey demonstrating a high level of agreement (around 90%) regarding the risks associated with improper medication disposal, such as accidental ingestion, soil and water pollution, and public health hazards, the Chi-Square test of independence did not identify a relationship between the variables of having already disposed of medication, disposal of liquid medications, and disposal of pills/capsules. In other words, having an awareness of the risks does not necessarily promote proper disposal of these unused medications. However, having awareness of the risks does increase the likelihood of participating in medication take-back programs at local pharmacies. Therefore, it is crucial to implement social awareness initiatives aimed at increasing citizens' perception of proper management of household medication waste.
22
Bera, Mohan Kumar, and Petr Daněk. "The perception of risk in the flood-prone area: a case study from the Czech municipality." Disaster Prevention and Management 27, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 2–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-01-2017-0004.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the risk perceptions and activities of people to reduce impacts of disaster. Design/methodology/approach Case study research has been conducted in village Podhradí nad Dyjí in the Dyje river basin in Czech Republic. Villagers from different age groups, experts, NGO members have been interviewed to understand people’s perceptions of flood risks and their actions. Findings The research has found that changing flood insurance policy influenced people’s risk perception. There is also increasing self-dependency among people to reduce impacts of disaster. They come together to support each other and develop collectivities in managing disaster. People’s actions and willingness to participate in disaster management activities change with distance from the river bank. Research limitations/implications The village identified for the case study research has been affected by floods after implementation of the Crisis Management Act No. 240/2000 Coll. The findings of the study are influenced by geographical location of the municipality and cannot be generalised in the Czech Republic. Practical implications The research has listed physical as well as socio-economic and cultural indicators of risk perception in the Czech Republic. These indicators and outcomes should help to assess and identify the gaps in reducing impacts of floods. Originality/value The study has revealed the interconnection between physical, socio-economic, and cultural factors of risk perception after implementing the Crisis Management Act No. 240/2000 Coll. and changing strategies in disaster management in the Czech Republic.
23
Orru, Kati, Pekka Tiittanen, Sari Ung-Lanki, Hans Orru, and Timo Lanki. "Perception of Risks from Wood Combustion and Traffic Induced Air Pollution: Evidence from Northern Europe." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 9660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159660.
Анотація:
The health effects of particulate matter, increasing emissions from transportation and requisites for making use of biofuels brings up the need to understand how individuals interpret air-pollution-related risks from wood burning and traffic. We aim to clarify the extent to which perceived risks from road-traffic and wood-smoke can be explained by the individual psychological, social status-related and socio-institutional factors in the case of two Northern European countries, Finland and Estonia. This approach elucidates which of the closely intertwined factors shape the perception of risks from air pollution in different socio-institutional contexts and for different air pollution sources. The study uses data from cross-sectional population surveys conducted among 1112 Finnish and 1000 Estonian residents about environmental health risk perception and coping. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that in both countries’ cases, the perceived personal and general risk from traffic exhaust and wood-smoke can be explained by the perception of exposure to pollution and, also, by the level of knowledge of, the worry about and the possible symptoms from environmental health factors. The perceived vulnerability due to poor health further sensitises individuals towards risks from air pollution. Higher trust towards state institutions in guaranteeing a healthy living environment and greater perceived openness about the risks may attenuate the feelings of vulnerability to air pollution risks in Finland compared to Estonia. The ingrained appeal for wood burning may explain the higher acceptance of exhausts from wood-burning compared to traffic. This may lead to scant support for measures to reduce emissions from wood combustion.
24
Gesser-Edelsburg, Anat, Ricky Cohen, Rana Hijazi, and Nour Abed Elhadi Shahbari. "Analysis of Public Perception of the Israeli Government’s Early Emergency Instructions Regarding COVID-19: Online Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): e19370. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19370.
Анотація:
Background On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to be a pandemic. This posed challenges to many countries, prominent among which is communication with the public to gain their cooperation. Israel faces different challenges from other countries in its management of the COVID-19 crisis because it is in the midst of a deep constitutional crisis. Objective The objective of this paper was to examine the response of the Israeli public to the government’s emergency instructions regarding the pandemic in terms of correlations between overall risk perception and crisis management; overall risk perception and economic threat perception; crisis management and compliance with behavioral guidelines; and crisis management and economic threat perception. We also made comparisons between crisis management and spokesperson credibility and between crisis management and the credibility of information sources. Methods The sample was established using an online survey that enabled rapid and effective distribution of an online questionnaire during the COVID-19 crisis. The self-selection online survey method of nonprobability sampling was used to recruit participants (N=1056) through social network posts asking the general public (aged ≥18 years) to answer the survey. Results Participants aged ≥65 years perceived higher personal risk compared to those aged 18-30 years (mean difference 0.33, 95% CI 0.04-0.61) and those aged 46-64 years (mean difference 0.38, 95% CI 0.12-0.64). Significant correlations were found between overall risk perception and attitudes toward crisis management (r=0.19, P<.001), overall risk perception and economic threat perception (r=0.22, P<.001), attitudes toward crisis management and compliance with behavioral guidelines (r=0.15, P<.001), and attitudes toward crisis management and economic threat perception (r=–0.15, P<.001). Participants who perceived that the prime minister was the most credible spokesperson evaluated the crisis management significantly higher than all other groups. The crisis management was evaluated significantly lower by participants who stated that infectious disease specialists were the most credible spokespersons. Participants for whom the Ministry of Health website was the most credible source of information evaluated the crisis management higher than all other groups. Participants for whom scientific articles were the most credible source of information evaluated the crisis management lower than those who perceived that the WHO/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention websites or Ministry of Health/hospital websites and health care workers were the most credible. Conclusions The higher the public trust and evaluation of crisis management, the greater the compliance of the public with guidelines. It was also found that crisis management and information cannot be approached in the same way for the overall public. Furthermore, unlike other epidemics, the COVID-19 crisis has widespread economic and social consequences; therefore, it is impossible to focus only on health risks without communicating economic and social risks as well.
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Queiroz, Samara Silva de, Filipe Zanchi Nunes, and Eduardo Cyrino Oliveira-Filho. "Risk perception among health science students about the use of chemicals." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 7 (June 2, 2022): e49911730325. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30325.
Анотація:
The activities of health professionals foresee the constant contact and handling of chemical agents. Therefore, knowledge about chemical risk is essential for personal safety both in the work environment and in the teaching environment. This research aimed to understand the perception of students in the health area about the risks related to the presence of chemicals in their study and/or work environment. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out in a private institution of Higher Education (HEI) in the city of Brasília (Brazil), with students from biomedicine, biological sciences and nursing, with the application of a questionnaire. Results showed that students are more concerned with social issues such as pedophilia or racial intolerance than those related to the presence of chemicals. Most students mentioned cancer as an issue of concern, but the absence of risk perception is observed in issues considered to be of little concern, such as cigarette use. Regarding the hazardous nature of chemicals and professional activities, vaccination, antibiotics, blood tests, ethyl alcohol and iodine were considered as non-hazardous. Although these may also present risks to professional health, the results showed that the students did not perceive them as risks. The obtained data indicate that most students have a low level of risk perception in the presence of chemicals, and it is suggested that questions about toxicology and biosafety should be intensified during the academic training process.
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Anbazhagan, Priyanka, Alby Anna Wilson, Venkateswaramurthy Nallasamy, and Sambathkumar Ramanathan. "Assessment on knowledge and perception regarding health risks of pesticide usage among farmers." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v11i4.21230.
Анотація:
<span lang="EN-US">Globally, pesticides are essential substances that have significant importance in increasing food production and pest management. Although, the serious concern about the health risk of pesticide toxicity should be investigated. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and perception of health risks of pesticide usage among farmers. This online-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among farmers in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. A validated questionnaire was prepared, assessing the sociodemographic and analyzing the level of awareness, perception of pesticide usage among farmers. There were 412 farmers participated, in which 98.5% use pesticides and among them, 72.4% of farmers do not use personal protective equipment (PPE) on pesticide application. Hence, 68% are not aware of the harmful effects of pesticides even though 94.5% experienced health related problems while using them. Therefore, 95.4% of farmers think it is necessary to create awareness about safe handling practices and health risks regarding the usage of pesticides. Our study revealed that farmers do not have adequate knowledge about safe pesticide handling and are not aware of pesticide toxicity levels along with the risk associated with the degree of toxicity which is essential for implementing strategies regarding pesticide safety education and training.</span>
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De Moya, Jean-François, Jessie Pallud, and Samuel Fosso Wamba. "Impacts of Risks Over Benefits in the Adoption of Self-Tracking Technologies." Journal of Global Information Management 29, no. 6 (November 2021): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.20211101.oa10.
Анотація:
Self-tracking (ST) technologies offer an unlimited number of opportunities to improve human life, especially health and well-being. Many scholars have been interested in this technology because of its worldwide spread but have not emphasized the benefits versus ST practices risks. This paper presents a literature review of the benefits and risks of ST practices to close this gap. It also develops a multidisciplinary research model based on the extended valence framework. This model offers five hypotheses highlighting the importance of considering technological, social, and health factors when measuring ST adoption. The results show that the perceived benefits outweigh the risks. Health is paramount in the perception of benefits. These results lead us to make a few recommendations for practitioners.
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Tao, Su, Jinmiao Hao, and Jicong Yu. "How Does Perceived Organizational Support Reduce the Effect of Working Environmental Risk on Occupational Strain? A Study of Chinese Geological Investigators." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010051.
Анотація:
Background: Sensitivity to working environmental risks is essential to ensure the safety of geological investigators, but persistent perceived risks may lead to occupational strain, with negative effects on physical and mental health. This study aimed to find ways to reduce the negative consequences of working environmental risk perception without losing situational awareness. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted with 268 participants from geological survey organizations, measuring their perception of working environmental risk, occupational strain, perceived organizational support, and other stressors. Results: (1) The perception of working environmental risk and occupational strain of geological investigators was significantly higher than that of administrative staff, managers, and scientific researchers. (2) Working environmental risk is an important predictor of occupational strain in geological investigators even after controlling for other stressors. (3) Different dimensions of perceived organizational support play different roles in stress management; socio-emotional support negatively predicts occupational strain, and instrumental support moderates the relationship between working environmental risk perception and occupational strain. Conclusions: Our findings identify working environmental risk as one of the most prominent stressors for geological investigators. Socio-emotional support directly reduces occupational strain, while instrumental support buffers the effect of risk perception on occupational strain.
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Ye, Fengjiao, Xueru Wang, and Jun Lin. "Evaluation of Perceived Environmental Risks of Residents' Life under the Perspective of Environmental Public Opinion." Problemy Ekorozwoju 19, no. 1 (January 8, 2024): 308–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/preko.5386.
Анотація:
Population health, social development and the environment are important elements of sustainable development. This article uses the China People's Daily message board to collect environmental public opinion data, visualizes the public opinion hotspots of environmental based on word frequency statistics, and applies the Latent Dirichlet Allocations (LDA) topic model to analyze the spatial distribution of environmental risk perception dimensions. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in terms of the hotspots of environmental public opinion, the most frequent occurrences are the living environment, interest demands and noise pollution. (2) There is heterogeneity in the topic of environmental risk perception. The perception of pollution source types has the highest weight in environmental risk perception in the eastern, central, and western regions. Specifically, the types of pollution sources in the eastern that receive the most attention are garbage and noise pollution. In addition to paying attention to noise pollution, the central and western also have a higher perceived weight on the polluters. Residents in northeast are most concerned about changes in residents' health and living environment quality. (3) From the perspective of environmental risk perception, health perception has the highest proportion in northeast, followed by the eastern, and finally the central and western. Proportion of perception of interest demands is highest in the central region, perception of residential environment quality is highest in the northeast region, perception of pollution source types is highest in the eastern, central, and western regions, and lowest in the northeast region. Finally, some practical and feasible policy recommendations were proposed for different regions.
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Nazneen, Shama, Hong Xu, Nizam Ud Din, and Rehmat Karim. "Perceived COVID-19 impacts and travel avoidance: application of protection motivation theory." Tourism Review 77, no. 2 (November 16, 2021): 471–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-03-2021-0165.
Анотація:
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic and the travellers’ behaviour towards travel risk is an emerging issue. Nonetheless, the travellers’ perceived COVID-19 impacts, travel risk perception, health and safety perception and travel avoidance concerning protection motivation theory is unnoticed. Following the protection motivation theory, the current study investigates the direct and indirect relationships between perceived COVID-19 impacts and travel avoidance. Moreover, the travellers’ cognitive perceptions of risk may vary with their demographic characteristics; therefore, the present study aims to test the differences in group-specific parameter estimates using a multi-group analysis. Design/methodology/approach The authors approached travellers from Tianjin, China using different communication services, including WeChat and email, through a snowball sampling technique. The study used 553 valid questionnaires for analysis. Findings The results of 553 questionnaires in structural equation modelling (SEM) with AMOS 21 indicated that travellers’ perceived Covid-19 impacts positively correlate with travel avoidance. The study model based on protection motivation theory specifies that travel risk perception and health and safety perception as a cognitive mediating process partially mediated the relationship between perceived COVID-19 impacts and travel avoidance. The findings specified that during COVID-19, travellers assessed the severity of travel risks and adopted preventive measures which influenced their travel behaviour and led to travel avoidance. The multi-group analysis results indicated no difference in perception for gender and education; however, concerning age, the significant nested p-value specifies a difference in perception. Practical implications The study offers implications for policymakers and the tourism industry to understand the travellers’ perceptions of travel during the pandemic and ensure health and safety measures to encourage travelling and reviving the tourism industry. Originality/value The application of protection motivation theory to analyse the travellers’ perceived COVID-19 impacts and travel avoidance in the presence of travel risk perception and health and safety perceptions as a cognitive mediating process is novel.
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Paker, Neslihan, and Serim Paker. "The dual effects of health risks and crowd perception on marine traveller behaviour: The case of shared day cruise charter." European Journal of Tourism Research 36 (November 1, 2023): 3613. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v36i.3227.
Анотація:
This study investigates the dynamics of traveller behaviour toward shared day cruise charters regarding Covid-19 as a health-risk situation through the theory of planned behaviour. Following interviews with 22 customers, the findings were evaluated using directed content analysis. The results show that, besides Covid-19's moderating role, physical (e.g., high noise, absence of physical barriers) and social (e.g., a high number of out-group members, high customer heterogeneity) attributes of the service concept intensify the perceived crowdedness in the yacht. Despite being a one-day outdoor activity, the tour is perceived as risky due to the crowded service environment. Thus, crowds and health risks have a dual impact on travellers' attitudes toward tours. The perceived risk is not the only concern related to the traveller personally, it also includes risks related to the transmission of the virus to one’s family and friends. Travellers attributed crowding to the opportunistic behaviours of service providers, hence relying on their own precautions. Furthermore, there is an inverse relationship between crowding and the perceived hedonic value of the service. Companion unavailability is a significant barrier; however, there is a negotiation dilemma to persuade hesitant group members. The study contributes to the travel services offered in crowded environments that especially pose health risks and offer important implications for yacht tourism practitioners.
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Bampasidou, Maria, Michael D. Kaller, and Shaun M. Tanger. "Stakeholder’s Risk Perceptions of Wild Pigs: Is There a Gender Difference?" Agriculture 11, no. 4 (April 8, 2021): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040329.
Анотація:
Substantial literature indicates that genders differ in terms of risk perception and values regarding wildlife management. Lack of equal stakeholder representation is also documented, which can also impact the effectiveness of human-wildlife conflict resolution interventions and education and outreach efforts. This paper investigates gender differences in perceptions about risks and potential adverse impacts on production, health, environment, safety, and population management posed by wild pigs. A survey was used to collect data from a random sample of adult residents (N = 1221) in Louisiana. We analyzed responses from 226 female and 832 male producers. We observed differences in how these groups perceive production risk and health risk. No distinct differences were found on how the two genders perceive wild pig impact on natural resources and safety. No difference is reported on how the two genders consider the management of the wild pig population.
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Gazmararian, Julie A., David C. Ziemer, and Catherine Barnes. "Perception of Barriers to Self-care Management Among Diabetic Patients." Diabetes Educator 35, no. 5 (June 25, 2009): 778–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145721709338527.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore individual, educational, and system barriers that limit low-income diabetes patients’ ability to achieve optimal diabetes self-management. Methods Economically disadvantaged patients with diabetes who used the Diabetes Clinic of Grady Health System in Atlanta, Georgia, participated in 3 focus group discussions. Results The discussions were held with mostly African Americans (n = 35) to explore barriers to achieving optimal diabetes self-management. Most participants were not married, approximately one-third had less than high school level reading skills, and 40% were not currently working. In terms of individual barriers, the emotional toll from the diagnosis of and lifestyle changes to treat diabetes was a recurrent theme, and included stress, frustration, social isolation, interpersonal conflicts, depression, and fear. Denial was often mentioned as the key factor that inhibited adherence to a healthy mode of living. The educational barriers were failure to recognize the risks and consequences of an asymptomatic condition. Many participants did not understand A1C. Finally, several system barriers were identified. The participants identified needed services, including follow-up and refresher courses, support group discussions, nutrition and medication education, availability of different education modalities, and expanded clinic hours. Conclusions The focus group discussions identified both barriers to diabetes management and opportunities for improving care for underserved patients with diabetes. The results are useful to improve the delivery of care and to develop quantitative studies to explore particular areas of interest. Based on these results, the current system needs to provide more support and education to patients with diabetes.
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Aleinikov, Andrei, Daria Maltseva, Vladimir Miletskiy, Olga Safonova, and Aleksandr Strebkov. "Conflict potential of risk reflexivity: information management under the conditions of pandemic." E3S Web of Conferences 311 (2021): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131104010.
Анотація:
The article problematizes a range of issues related to the emergence of new mechanisms of risk-reflective legitimization / delegitimization of information control over the spread of a pandemic in the context of Covid-19, taking into account the antagonistic definitions of its threats and dangers. The main substantive task of the study is to analyze the conceptual model of classification of various types of risk reflections - communicative, autonomous, critical, and disturbed, which adjust the hierarchies of the significance and social acceptability of risks. The authors focus on the features of the behavior of a modern social subject in the conditions of uncoupling of risky communications depending on the interpretation of information about risks. The conflict potential of information flows that impose forms of risk perception and risk behavior, the mechanisms of formation of information inequality of reflection of risks and social information exclusion in the policy of distribution and compensation of risk are revealed. The article argues that the inability to appropriate the constructive elements of risk reflections in the strategy of information management of threats destroys the security. The article proves that in the information field, the risk subspace is an asymmetric structure of production, reproduction, ranking and distribution of threats and risks, functioning simultaneously as a tool and a goal of struggle. The authors argue that incorrect attributive judgments and interpretations of the threats and dangers of the pandemic can escalate social and political conflicts.
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Theodorou, John A., Ioannis Tzovenis, and George Katselis. "Empirical approach to risk management strategies of Mediterranean mussel farmers in Greece." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0039.
Анотація:
Abstract Risk perception and risk responses of Greek mussel farmers are important for understanding their risk behavior and the likely success of different risk mitigation strategies. This allows policy makers and actuarial companies to decide what risk management products to offer to address specific types of risks. Results from an empirical survey showed that ex-farm prices and health/disability status of farmers are perceived as the most important sources of risk. Risk management decisions were strongly influenced by the attitudes of mussel farmers rather than their socioeconomic status or perception of risk sources. Financial reserves and an alternative source of stable income are both preferred by mussel farmers as risk management strategies, while optimizing farm management to produce at the lowest possible cost is commonly practiced to eliminate losses. Farmers recommend that for certain types of risks that lead to total losses, e.g. anoxia, tsunamis, harmful algal blooms (HABs), insurance contracts should be provided by the public sector, as in similar situations in agriculture. For other needs, customized insurance contracts should be provided by the actuarial market.
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Neetoo, Hudaa, D. Goburdhun, A. Ruggoo, S. Pohoroo, A. Pohoroo, and K. Reega. "Understanding the management practices of animal manure and associated risks of transference of bacterial pathogens to crop vegetables." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 20, no. 06 (October 31, 2020): 16858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.94.18800.
Анотація:
Manure is commonly used in agricultural production in Mauritius,but little is documented on the local management practices. Animal manure, in particular,is a livestock waste that harbors enteric microorganisms which are potentially pathogenic to humans. The objectives of the study were therefore (i) to shed light on the management practices of manure among cattle and poultry farmers (manure producers)and carrot and lettuce growers (manure end-users)and any associated health risks and (ii) to determine the prevalence of human pathogens (diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium perfringens)in manure collected from farmers, vegetable crops fertilized with manure as well as manure-amended soil(MAS) used in crop cultivation.A survey was conducted through in-depth interviews with16 producers and 36 end-users to gather data on their MMP and their perception of the health risks associated with manure handling. Samples of manure, MAS and vegetables were also microbiologically analyzed to enumerate and/or detect pathogens.Findings revealed that cattle and poultry manure was an important resource for many small-holder vegetable farmers in Mauritius. The manure distributors or end users had no negative perception of the use of untreated manure for vegetable cultivation and were generally unaware of any biosecurity risks arising from the improper handling or subsequent use of untreated manure. Microbiological analyses however showed that 100% of manure samples collected from cattle farms and 58% of the poultry litter samples tested positive for pathogenic E. coli with population ranging from 3.3 to 6.5 Log CFU/g. Manure-borne pathogens were generally undetectable in the analyzed vegetables hence indicating a low risk of food borne infections. However, the systematic presence of pathogenic E. coli in cattle manure and frequent occurrence in poultry litter clearly point to a need for creating greater awareness amongst farmers on the occupational health risks associated with handling of raw or inadequately decomposed manure.This study therefore points to the health risks associated with enteric pathogens present in raw or untreated raw manure in Mauritius.
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Alzaben, Abeer S., Khawlah I. Alzaidy, Mona A. Alghamdi, Raghad A. Alanzi, Rawan T. Aljohari, Reema A. Alahaideb, and Nada Benajiba. "The use of social media to search for weight reduction information: Assessment of the perception among a sample of Saudi adults." DIGITAL HEALTH 8 (January 2022): 205520762211369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221136939.
Анотація:
Objective To assess the patterns, prevalence, and perceptions of the benefits and risks of using social media as a source of weight loss information among Saudi adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, convenient snowball sampling was used to recruit Saudi adults. A self-report questionnaire containing the following five sections was distributed: sociodemographic information, the pattern of social media use, use of social media to obtain weight loss information, perception of benefits, and perception of risks of using social media. A Chi-square test was used to identify differences according to participants' demographics. Results A total of 420 Saudi adults were included in the study. Most Saudi adults (43.3%) used social media for more than four hours a day, and 88.6% used WhatsApp. The prevalence of social media use for weight loss information was 89.2% among Saudi adults. Significant associations were found between the use of social media for weight loss information and age (<33 years old) and monthly income (<5000 Saudi Arabian Riyal) ( p ≤ 0.012). Of the participants, 71.7% believed that social media is “always” or “frequently” an easily acceptable way to obtain weight loss information. Moreover, 36% of Saudi adults believed that weight loss information on social media could be scientifically inaccurate, and 61% believed that it could be posted solely for marketing and financial purposes. Conclusion The findings of this study show that Saudi adults have a high prevalence of social media use to obtain weight loss information. The benefits and risks of using social media as a source of weight loss information were also perceived to be high among Saudi adults.
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Simon, N. "Management of methylphenidate in adults with ADHD: Benefits and risks." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S28—S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.086.
Анотація:
The prevalence of adult ADHD is estimated to 5.3% and is often comorbid with substance use disorder (SUD) . The odds Ratio ranges from 1.5 to 7.9, depending on the substance and the dependence level. Conversely, the prevalence of ADHD among patients with SUD is 10.8%, versus 3.8% for patients without SUD. Methylphenidate (MPH) alleviates ADHD symptoms and is currently considered as a first choice medication. MPH competitively binds and blocks the dopamine (DAT) and norepinephrine (NET) transporters with no or low affinity for the serotonin transporter . This mechanism of action is similar to a cocaine intake, which results in a rapid increase of the synaptic dopamine concentration preferentially in the nucleus accumbens . However, the subjective effects are highly dependent on the rate of input. Oral or IV MPH leads to different effects even when the increase of dopamine concentration is comparable. It is more the change per unit time of the dopamine increase (rapid elevation) that is associated to the perception of euphoria than the increase of dopamine itself . A formulation with a slow rate of delivery will lead to a lower risk of reinforcing effect (euphoria) and abuse than an immediate release formulation. The benefits of MPH in adult ADHD have been demonstrated in open-label prospective studies and in randomized clinical trials. Meanwhile prescribing MPH to patients with comorbid SUD has always been challenging for clinicians. In this presentation, we will address the benefits and pitfalls of using MPH in adults with ADHD comorbid SUD, depending on the type of SUD: amphetamine, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, cannabis and opiates. Overall, due to the prevalence of ADHD in SUD and to the benefits of MPH observed in this population, and considering the mild or low side effects observed, the response to MPH treatment deserve to be evaluated individually.
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Almehmadi, Mater, and Jaber S. Alqahtani. "Healthcare Research in Mass Religious Gatherings and Emergency Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review." Healthcare 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11020244.
Анотація:
Religious mass gatherings, especially pilgrimages of various faiths, involve overcrowding and the international movement of people, exposing individuals to significant health risks, such as the spread of infectious diseases, crowds, exposure to bad weather, physical stress, or risks due to pre-existing medical conditions. This paper aims to review the literature related to health care research on religious mass gatherings, with special reference to the role of awareness creation, training, and risk awareness for individuals during Hajj. The results indicated that the research on health risks associated with large-scale gatherings showed that some countries (which witness religious gatherings) follow effective preventive measures to reduce health risks, while some countries did not (and linked this to its poor infrastructure and the low standard of living in it, such as India). It also showed that most studies overlooked identifying the causes of infectious diseases and determining the perceptions of participants in mass gatherings. While it showed that environmental factors strongly influence the emergence of infectious diseases among individuals, the results also showed the scarcity of research that revolves around the awareness of community members, the health risks of mass gatherings, preventive measures against diseases, and the main effects on individuals’ perceptions of risks. The results also showed a lack of research evidence on how pilgrims perceive risks, adopt information, and interact with their willingness to be trained in preventive measures.
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Loth, Katie A., Jocelyn Lebow, Marc James Abrigo Uy, Samantha M. Ngaw, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, and Jerica M. Berge. "First, Do No Harm: Understanding Primary Care Providers’ Perception of Risks Associated With Discussing Weight With Pediatric Patients." Global Pediatric Health 8 (January 2021): 2333794X2110409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x211040979.
Анотація:
Many health care providers struggle with if- and how-to discuss weight with their pediatric patients. This study used one-on-one interviews with primary care providers (n = 20) to better understand their: (1) perception of risks associated with talking about weight with pediatric patients, (2) commitment to adhering to best practices of pediatric weight management, and (3) approaches to mitigate perceived risks. Providers felt concerned that discussing weight with children during clinic visits may have unintended negative impacts. Despite perceived risks, providers continued regular BMI screening and weight-focused conversations, but took care with regard to language and approach with the goal of mitigating perceived risks. Findings suggest that pediatric primary care providers perceive that engaging in weight-related discussions with their patients has the potential to lead to negative, unintended consequences. Future research is needed to understand if weight-focused conversations should be avoided altogether or if there are approaches that can effectively mitigate risks.
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Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes, Sandy Cairncross, Dirceu Bartolomeu Greco, and Leo Heller. "Urban Waste Collectors in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: Their Perceptions of Occupational Health Risk." Qualitative Health Research 29, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318797934.
Анотація:
Frequent contact with hazardous materials makes waste collection a potentially unhealthy activity. This article assesses the perception of waste management workers regarding work-related accidents in domestic and health service contexts in Brazil. Six focus groups were performed between June 2014 and August 2015. The aims of this study were to apprehend different aspects of the participants’ health, workers’ experiences of work-related accidents and perception of risks. Cuts and puncture injuries were reported most frequently in the line of work and were often considered as irrelevant. Immunization against hepatitis B was not common among all workers, which increases the risk of infection for those individuals. Finally, it is considered urgent to consolidate an inclusive space in which workers can have discussions on their health.
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Dresler, Emma, and Margaret Anderson. "Drinking to the “edge”: gender differences in context-specific risks." Health Education 118, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-04-2017-0022.
Анотація:
Purpose The risk associated with heavy episodic drinking in young people has caused concern among public health professionals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the gender differences in the perception of risk in alcohol consumption behaviour for better targeting of messages. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative descriptive study examines the narratives of 28 young people’s experience of a “night out” framed as the Alcohol Consumption Journey to examine the ways young men and women experience context-specific risks for alcohol use. Findings The young people perceived participation in the Alcohol Consumption Journey involved risk to their personal safety. Both young men and young women described their alcohol consumption as controlled and perceived the risks as external inevitabilities linked to the public drinking establishments. However, they displayed noticeable gender-based differences in the perception and management of risk in diverse contexts of the Alcohol Consumption Journey. Young women drink in close friendship groups and have a collective view of risk and constructed group strategies to minimise it. Comparatively, the young men’s drinking group is more changeable and adopted a more individualistic approach to managing risk. Both groups exhibited prosocial tendencies to protect themselves and their friends when socialising together. Originality/value The concept of “edgework” is effective in providing an explanatory framework for understanding young people’s ritualised Alcohol Consumption Journey and to illustrate the context-specific risks associated with alcohol use.
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Mithanga, James, Erastus Gatebe, and Charles Mburu. "ASBESTOS SAFETY AND HEALTH RISK AWARENESS AMONG MAINTENANCE WORKERS IN KENYAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 09, no. 06 (2024): 989–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9601.
Анотація:
This study evaluated asbestos safety and health risks awareness among maintenance workers in public universities in Kenya through four aspects of education, policy, perception and knowledge. The study anchored on positivism philosophy with a descriptive design approach achieved by survey of394 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed. The regression coefficients model analysis showed that knowledge (beta = .242, p =.000) and perception (beta = .177, p=.002) statistically predicted university awareness for asbestos safety and health risks (p<.05). However, both education (beta = .018, p = .217) and policy (beta =.115, p = .380) had poor significance (p>.05) indicating that the two constructs failed to predict the awareness of asbestos safety and health risks. Overall, majority of the public universities had awareness levels of over 40 percent but all below 50 percent with an average of 44 percent. Having focused on the safety and health risks awareness aspect, the study recommends concerted efforts by public universities in raising awareness over the banned asbestos and asbestos containing materials at the work place. Additionally, public universities need to increase training funds allocation while aiming to improve on the implementation of the safety and health risks policy.
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Samofalov, Dmytro. "Electronic health system implementation as a component of public health management: world experience." Public administration and local government 44, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/102012.
Анотація:
The article analyses foreign and domestic scientific and practical investigations on the e-Health system in countries with developed and developing Healthcare system. Different approaches to term «e-Нealth» are considered starting from the instruments, which make availability of medical care easier for a patient up to the system of medical information management and wider abilities of public management of healthcare. The level of trust and public perception of different elements of e-Health in different countries is determined. E-Health implementation risks are analyzed. Ways to implement e-Health in public health management in Ukraine are suggested. Today, more and more healthcare providers, healthcare professionals, and health care providers are using Internet technologies to engage in healthcare communication. The main advantages are the speed and convenience of communication activities using e-Health. Healthcare professionals receive accurate and unbiased clinical and statistical data. That made possible to influence public health management, the effectiveness of which depends on the use of modern forms of communication for physicians, population, patients and public management and administration bodies. A wide range of communications with the public, patients, business, politicians, researchers, as well as the implementation of financial and administrative models in health care depend on this system.
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Nankam Chimi, Roland, Justin Kouamo, Michel Alain Simo Kouam, Muller Dzousse Fotsac, Raphael Chermapi Dembeng, Armelle Prudence Kouengoua Kouengoua, Josué Simo Louokdom, and Ferdinand Ngoula. "Toxoplasmosis and Chlamydophilosis in Small Ruminant Farms in Cameroon: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perception of Zoonotic Risks of Farmers." Veterinary Medicine International 2024 (May 15, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/2946764.
Анотація:
Zoonotic abortive diseases represent a significant health and economic risk for national public health. This cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to October 2021 among 200 selected small ruminant farmers in the three northern regions of Cameroon. Data collection was done through questionnaires administered by exchange with the herder, and responses were coded and recorded on an Excel spreadsheet. The data were then analyzed with R software, version 2.13.0. An ANOVA test was used to assess significant differences in mean of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perception of zoonotic risks (KAPP) scores between regions. Pearson correlations were used to calculate the association between KAPP scores within regions. Small ruminant farmers surveyed had low mean scores for knowledge of abortive toxoplasmosis and chlamydophilosis (0.1 ± 0.2), desirable attitude (0.32 ± 0.07), appropriate practice (0.36 ± 0.13) in managing abortion, and positive perception of zoonotic risks of toxoplasmosis and chlamydophilosis in small ruminants (0.12 ± 0.33), respectively. KAPP was significantly (P<0.01) and positively associated with knowledge (r = 0.98) and risk perception (r = 0.99). However, attitudes (r = 0.06), practices (r = 0.05), and risk perception of toxoplasmosis (r = 0.07) and chlamydophilosis (r = 0.08) were not associated with farmers’ knowledge. This study revealed significant knowledge gaps, low levels of desired attitudes, and high-risk behavioral practices. These results therefore call for capacity building of health professionals and farmers to better integrate the One Health concept in the management of neglected zoonotic diseases.
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Salwa, Marium, M. Atiqul Haque, Muhmammad Ibrahim Ibne Towhid, Sarmin Sultana, Mohammad Tanvir Islam, Md Maruf Haque Khan, Md Titu Miah, Syed Shariful Islam, and Syed Moniruzzaman. "Assessment of risk perception and risk communication regarding COVID-19 among healthcare providers: An explanatory sequential mixed-method study in Bangladesh." F1000Research 9 (January 6, 2022): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27129.2.
Анотація:
Background: Any public health emergency demands adequate risk communication with the vulnerable population along with their optimized perception about the impending risk to ensure proper risk management and crisis control. Hence, we conducted this study to explore healthcare providers’ perceptions regarding risks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as how they are being communicated to about the risk, and how they practice risk reduction measures. Methods: We conducted a two-phased explanatory sequential mixed-method study among physicians and nurses from randomly selected tertiary healthcare facilities in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. In the first phase, we assessed the general pattern and quantifiable measures of risk perception, risk communication, and infection prevention practices quantitatively. We performed multiple linear regression analyses to explore how much variability of risk perception was predicted by risk communication methods and contents. In the second phase, we collected qualitative data for in-depth understanding and exploration of participants’ experiences and insights regarding COVID-19 risk through interviews and document reviews. We manually performed thematic content analysis of the qualitative data. Finally, we triangulated findings from both phases to illustrate the research objectives. Discussion: Based on the psychometric dimensions of risk perception and psycho-social theory of the health belief model, perceptions of COVID-19 risk among healthcare providers were evaluated in this study. The relationship between risk perception and infection prevention and control practices among healthcare providers were also investigated. The explanatory sequential design of this study is expected to generate hypotheses on how risk perception is being shaped in a time of uncertainty and, thus, will help to build a proper risk communication strategy for the healthcare providers
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Ortega Dugrot, Yanet, Julieth Suárez Oceguera, Georgina Maritza López Pumar, Pedro Irán Gort Iglesias, Osmany Alonso Ayala, and Roselia Inés Bustamante Rojas. "Ergonomic risk in the management of the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography." Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation / Rehabilitacion Interdisciplinaria 4 (May 20, 2024): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/ri202487.
Анотація:
Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatrography is the therapeutic method of choice to treat biliopancreatic diseases. The complexity of the endoscopic procedure, learning curves, duration, and the demand for the service in health institutions, condition the presence of ergonomic risks in the domain of the multidisciplinary team that intervenes in the technique.Objective: To describe about possible ergonomic risk factors in the management of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Methods: A search was carried out in the Google Academic/Scholar, PUBMED, SciELO Regional, SciELO Public Health, SciELO Cuba engines. In the search strategy, the terms were used: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, ergonomic risks, ergonomic risk perception in the working population. The documents were evaluated at length and a summary document of the information was developed.Results: Dynamic and static postures, repetitive movements, load manipulation, psychological load and visual fatigue are considered risk factors that require greater attention in relation to the activities involved in the technique.Conclusions: Possible ergonomic risk factors in the endoscopic procedure were described. The complex activities that derive from the procedure and their relationship with the specialties involved were considered, in order to promote occupational health, sustainability and the transition towards excellence in the services provided.
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Behrens, Liza, Kimberly Van Haitsma, Ann Kolanowski, Marie Boltz, Mark Sciegaj, Katherine Abbott, and Caroline Madrigal. "Risky Preferences: Nursing Staff Perceptions of Risks May Impede Delivery of Person-Centered Care." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3065.
Анотація:
Abstract Nursing home (NH) staff perceptions of risks to residents’ health and safety is a major barrier to honoring resident preferences, the cornerstone of person-centered care delivery. This study examined direct-care nursing staff perceptions of risk (possibilities for harm or loss) associated with honoring residents’ preferences for everyday living and care activities. Participants (N=27) were mostly female (85%), had more than 3 years of experience (74%), and worked in NHs experiencing 6-12 health citations. Content analysis of 12 focus groups indicated nursing staff perceptions of risks may impede delivery of PCC. This is supported by the overarching theme: pervasive risk avoidance; and sub-themes of: staff values, supports for risk-taking, and challenges to honoring preferences. Findings will be discussed considering a newly modified risk engagement framework meant to understand and inform the clinical management of older adult preferences perceived to carry risks. Opportunities for future research will be discussed (e.g. measurement development). Part of a symposium sponsored by the Research in Quality of Care Interest Group.
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Leticia Fariña, Elida, Francisca Johana Calbette, and Verónica Areco Martínez. "OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN CIUDAD DEL ESTE SMES." Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade 4, no. 01 (October 18, 2023): 1040–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/gei.v4i01.1673.
Анотація:
The present work deals with the Safety and Health System of small and medium-sized companies, specifically service stations, analyzes the different actions in terms of prevention and management of the different types of risks to which employees are exposed. workers, which includes a whole structure by which these types of companies must be governed, mandatory practices, procedures, resources to develop, prevention policies, tools and necessary training. Compliance with labor laws and regulations established by SMEs that each employer and worker must comply with, the organizational climate focused on safety and the perception of each employee about the job position and the safety measures used. For data collection, a survey has been applied, selecting for the sample, 50% of the chosen population, which is equivalent to 25 company workers, belonging to service stations in Ciudad del Este, specifically Puma, Petropar and Integral. . The results of the survey reveal the state of the health and safety system used by companies and the degree of security that workers feel in their jobs, thus being able to adopt the necessary preventive measures for each case.
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Alam, F., NR Saha, MS Islam, MS Ahmed, and MS Haque. "Perception on environmental concern of pesticide use in relation to Framers’ knowledge." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 13, no. 1-2 (July 6, 2022): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v13i1-2.60696.
Анотація:
Chemical pesticides are indiscriminately used for pest management and vector control. However, many farming communities are unaware of the dangers associated with the chemicals. This study assessed vegetable farmers' perception of the environmental impact of pesticide use in Bangladesh concerning the farmers’ knowledge and type. The farmers' socioeconomic characteristics and their relationship to some of the study variables, their attitude towards pesticides' environmental consequences, and their level of pesticide related knowledge were investigated. In this study, 882 farmers from nine districts participated through in-depth interviews and observations on-farm. The majority of farmers were males aged between 30 and 40 (32.44% in winter and 32.87% in summer). Moreover, 29.77% of the winter vegetable growers can sign their name only, but for the summer season’s 31.02% were educated up to high school. For the winter season, the highest 74.44% of respondents belonged to focal farmers who believed pesticides could be hazardous to their health. Only 1.68% of control farmers agreed pesticide use could lead to secondary pest resurgence. For the summer season, farmers were most concerned (60.19%) about the health risks to farm-workers, while secondary pest resurgence was the least concerned. In general, the focal farmers had a high level of knowledge and concern about pesticide hazards compared to the proximal and control farmers. Comprehensive intervention measures are required to mitigate pesticide-related health and environmental risks, including pesticide safety training programs for farmers, which could promote sustainable agricultural development while minimizing the environmental and health risks of pesticide misuse.
Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 13(1&2): 94-99, 2020