Статті в журналах: "PEDOT Surface"

1

Qi, Jian, Ning Bo Huo, Zheng Yi Cui, and Jie Wu. "Electrical Heating Properties of PEDOT Thin Film Prepared by In Situ Polymerization." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.92.

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Poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT) has attracted a great deal of interest during the last decades. PEDOT was popular with many applications such as antistatic coating, the hole injection layer in OLED. The thermal stability of PEDOT is important in these applications. In this study, PEDOT films were prepared by oxidative polymerization on the substrate polyimide (PI) films. Matrix polymer poly (vinyl prrrolidone) (PVP), Monomer 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene), retardant were dissolved in solvent as monomer solution; The Iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate hexahydrate (FTS) was used as oxidant solution. To investigate the heating properties of PEDOT films, the content of PVP, oxidant FTS, retardant were varied. The influence of treatment current density was also studied. Thickness of the PEDOT film was measured by Alpha-step surface profiler and the surface resistivity was measured by multimeter.

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2

Hsu, Chuan-Chih, Yu-Wei Cheng, Che-Chun Liu, Xin-Yao Peng, Ming-Chi Yung, and Ting-Yu Liu. "Anti-Bacterial and Anti-Fouling Capabilities of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) Derivative Nanohybrid Coatings on SUS316L Stainless Steel by Electrochemical Polymerization." Polymers 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071467.

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We have successfully fabricated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) derivative nanohybrid coatings on flexible SUS316L stainless steel by electrochemical polymerization, which can offer anti-fouling and anti-bacterial capabilities. PEDOT derivative nanohybrids were prepared from polystyrene sulfonates (PSS) and graphene oxide (GO) incorporated into a conducting polymer of PEDOT. Additionally, the negative charge of the PEDOT/GO substrate was further modified by poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) to form a positively charged surface. These PEDOT derivative nanohybrid coatings could provide a straightforward means of controlling the surface energy, roughness, and charges with the addition of various derivatives in the electrochemical polymerization and electrostatically absorbed process. The characteristics of the PEDOT derivative nanohybrid coatings were evaluated by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle, and surface potential (zeta potential). The results show that PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/GO nanohybrid coatings exhibit excellent anti-fouling capability. Only 0.1% of bacteria can be adhered on the surface due to the lower surface roughness and negative charge surface by PEDOT/PSS and PEDOT/GO modification. Furthermore, the anti-bacterial capability (7 mm of inhibition zone) was observed after adding PDDA on the PEDOT/GO substrates, suggesting that the positive charge of the PEDOT/GO/PDDA substrate can effectively kill bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Given their anti-fouling and anti-bacterial capabilities, PEDOT derivative nanohybrid coatings have the potential to be applied to biomedical devices such as cardiovascular stents and surgical apparatus.

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3

Biliuk, A. A., O. Yu Semchuk, O. O. Havryliuk, and A. I. Biliuk. "Modeling of optical characteristics of organic solar cells based on poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate with incorporated silver nanoparticles." Surface 13(28) (December 30, 2021): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/surface.2021.13.057.

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Changing the geometric parameters of the elements of the organic solar cell (OSC) and its components, changes in its optical characteristics such as reflection, absorption and transmission of light were studied. In the simulation, the main elements influencing the change in the characteristics of the OSC were poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS), poly (3-hexylthiophene): [6,6] phenyl-C61butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT: PCBM) on silver nanoparticles. The dimensions of silver nanoparticles coincide with the thickness of the PEDOT layer (50 nm) in which they are located, the particle diameter is 45 nm, the thickness of the P3HT: PCBM layer has always remained equal to 100 nm. The peak at a wavelength of about 726 nm, when there are silver particles in the OSC, indicates the presence of localized surface plasmon resonance (LPPR), which causes a local amplification of the electromagnetic field near the surface of metal nanoparticles. LPPR induced by silver nanoparticles not only increases the degree of light absorption, but also enhances the degree of exciton dissociation. As a result, photocurrent and overall OSC efficiency can be significantly improved due to LPPR.

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4

Li, Shiyu, Xinbo Wen, Jiadong Zhou, Nan Zheng, Linlin Liu, and Zengqi Xie. "Construction of Interface Dipoles by Surface Doping and Their Role in the Open Circuit Voltage in Polymer Solar Cells." Organic Materials 02, no. 02 (April 2020): 071–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702933.

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A kind of dipolar interface is realized by surface doping of poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) with tetrafluoro-tetracyano-quinodimethane (F4TCNQ). PEDOT is in situ synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode, and then F4TCNQ is spin-coated atop the PEDOT layer. Because the LUMO of F4TCNQ is lower than the HOMO of PEDOT, the spontaneous electron transfer from PEDOT to F4TCNQ results in a bilayered structure of PEDOT cations and F4TCNQ anions. Thus, a permanent interfacial dipole is formed in the surface-doping system. The surface doping not only enhances the conductivity of PEDOT, but also increases the surface work function of the electrode. The dipolar film is applied as the anode interface in polymer solar cells (PSCs), and the results show that such an interface dipole plays a very important role in the open circuit voltage (V oc) of the PSCs.

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5

El Haitami, Alae, Ana-Maria Resmerita, Laura Elena Ursu, Mihai Asandulesa, Sophie Cantin, and Aurica Farcas. "Novel Insight into the Photophysical Properties and 2D Supramolecular Organization of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/Permodified Cyclodextrins Polyrotaxanes at the Air–Water Interface." Materials 16, no. 13 (June 30, 2023): 4757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134757.

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Two poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polyrotaxanes (PEDOT∙TMe-βCD and PEDOT∙TMe-γCD) end-capped by pyrene (Py) were synthesized by oxidative polymerization of EDOT encapsulated into TMe-βCD or TMe-γCD cavities with iron (III) chloride (FeCl3) in water and chemically characterized. The effect of TMe-βCD or TMe-γCD encapsulation of PEDOT backbones on the molecular weight, thermal stability, and solubility were investigated in depth. UV–vis absorption, fluorescence (FL), phosphorescence (PH), quantum efficiencies, and lifetimes in water and acetonitrile were also explored, together with their surface morphology and electrical properties. Furthermore, dynamic light scattering was used to study the hydrodynamic diameter (DH) and z-potential (ZP-ζ) of the water soluble fractions of PEDOT∙TMe-βCD and PEDOT∙TMe-γCD. PEDOT∙TMe-βCD and PEDOT∙TMe-γCD exhibited a sharp monodisperse peak with a DH of 55 ± 15 nm and 122 ± 32 nm, respectively. The ZP-ζ value decreased from −31.23 mV for PEDOT∙TMe-βCD to −20.38 mV for PEDOT∙TMe-γCD, indicating that a negatively charged layer covers their surfaces. Surface pressure–area isotherms and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) studies revealed the capability of the investigated compounds to organize into sizeable and homogeneous 2D supramolecular assemblies at the air–water interface. The control of the 2D monolayer organization through the thermodynamic parameters of PEDOT∙TMe-βCD and PEDOT∙TMe-γCD suggests potential for a wide range of optoelectronic applications.

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6

Venkatesan, Ragavendran, Sheik Moideen Thaha Sheik Kadar Maideen, Saravanan Chandhiran, Sunil Singh Kushvaha, Suresh Sagadevan, Vishnukanthan Venkatachalapathy, and Jeyanthinath Mayandi. "Fabrication and Characterization of Si/PEDOT: PSS-Based Heterojunction Solar Cells." Electronics 11, no. 24 (December 12, 2022): 4145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244145.

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In this study, we fabricated a planar Si/PEDOT: PSS heterojunction solar cell using three different solvents—ethylene glycol, acetonitrile, and dimethyl sulfoxide—to find the best one. The fabricated samples were characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and current–voltage. Diffused reflectance spectrum analysis showed reduced reflectance compared to the bare silicon wafers. The absorbance spectrum shows the change in absorption of the Si-coated PEDOT: PSS which was more than a 50% increase in the UV region, and for the EG sample, there was a 20% increase in the entire visible spectrum. This indicates that the solvent plays a major role in the bandgap between the Si and Si/PEDOT: PSS. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of Si/PEDOT: PSS as agglomerated, island-formed surfaces and carbon-layered Si-PEDOT: PSS. Cross-sectional images show the thickness of the PEDOT: PSS layer on the silicon wafer surface. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows the characteristic peaks for silicon (69.5°), and Si/PEDOT: PSS shows a forbidden Si (200) peak at 32°. Current–voltage measurements have shown the characteristic diode curve for all fabricated cells. This characteristic diode curve indicated the presence of a heterojunction. Ethylene glycol-containing cells showed current output as 0.2 μA with Voc of 0.2 V.

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7

Syed Zainol Abidin, Shariffah Nur Jannah, Nur Hawa Nabilah Azman, Shalini Kulandaivalu, and Yusran Sulaiman. "Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Doped with Carbon Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitor: A Comparison Study." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5798614.

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A comparative study of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), graphene oxide (GO), and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) as a dopant in the preparation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- (PEDOT-) based hybrid nanocomposites was presented here. The hybrid nanocomposites were prepared via the electrochemical method in aqueous solution. The FTIR and Raman spectra confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants (MWCNT, GO, and NCC) into PEDOT matrix in the process of formation of the hybrid nanocomposites. It was observed that the choice of the carbon material affected the morphologies and supercapacitive properties of the hybrid nanocomposites. Incorporation of GO with PEDOT produces a paper-like sheet nanocomposite in which the wrinkled surface results in larger surface area compared to the network-like and rod-like structures of PEDOT/MWCNT and PEDOT/NCC, respectively. Owing to larger surface area, PEDOT/GO exhibits the highest specific capacitance (120.13 F/g), low equivalent series resistance (34.44 Ω), and retaining 87.99% of the initial specific capacitance after 1000 cycles, signifying a long-term cycling stability. Furthermore, the high performance of PEDOT/GO is also demonstrated by its high specific energy and specific power.

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8

Zhang, Mei Juan, and Jian Xiong Li. "Preparation of Conducting PEDOT/PI Films by Depositing Polymerization of EDOT in Liquid Phase." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.8.

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PI film was suspended in NaOH, FeCl3and EDOT solutions sequentially. The surfaces of the films were analyzed with ATR-FTIR and the surface resistances were measured in four-probe mode. After immersed in NaOH solution amic acids were introduced to the film surface. The hydrolyzed film exhibited better adsorbing property and was able to adsorb FeCl3in g/m2magnitude. As the film with adsorbed FeCl3was suspended in EDOT solution EDOT deposited on the surface and converted to conducting PEDOT. The resultant film exhibited surface resistance about 105Ω and the characteristic absorption bonds of PEDOT on FTIR spectrum.

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9

Aimukhanov, А. К., X. S. X.S. Rozhkova, А. К. Zeinidenov, and Т. E. Seisembekova. "Influence of surface structure and morphology of PEDOT: PSS on its optical and electrophysical characteristics." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. "Physics" Series 103, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ph3/93-100.

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This paper presents the results of a study of the effect of modification of the structure of the PEDOT: PSS polymer with hole conductivity on the optical and electrophysical properties of an organic solar cell. It was found that the modification of a polymer film with ethyl and isopropyl alcohols leads to a change in the morphology and roughness of the film surface. It has been determined that annealing of films in alcohol vapor promotes the formation of more uniform films. It is shown that upon modification of the PEDOT: PSS film in alcohol vapor the absorption spectrum shifts the absorption maximum of PEDOT to the short-wavelength region of the spectrum, the absorption of the aromatic PSS fragment decrease. X-ray phase analysis showed that after surface modification with alcohol vapor, the PEDOT and PSS chains change their structure. It is shown that the structural features of the surface morphology of PEDOT: PSS affect the electrophysical parameters of the films, such as the effective extraction rate and the effective time of flight of charge carriers. It was found that the modification of the surface of the PEDOT: PSS film leads to an improvement in the electrical transport properties of the films.

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10

Lee, Sung Koo, and Kyeong K. Lee. "Conductivity Enhancement of PEDOT/PSS Films with Ionic Liquids as Dopants." Advanced Materials Research 93-94 (January 2010): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.501.

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The ionic materials were added to PEDOT/PSS solution as secondary dopants. The conductivity of PEDOT/PSS film improved with adding ionic materials. The film of PEDOT/PSS with 1% pyridinium p-toluene-sulfonate showed the conductivity of 23S/cm, which is increased about three orders than the film of origin PEDOT/PSS with 0.028S/cm. The surface morphology of films of PEDOT/PSS mixture is investigated by atomic force microscope. The AFM showed the increasing of grain size with the addition of pyridinium p-toluene-sulfonate.

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11

Deng, Yong Hong, and Liang Xiao. "Synthesis of Conductive Polymer PEDOT in Aqueous Lignosulfonate Solutions." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 802–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.802.

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To solve the solubility problem of conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) (PEDOT), PEDOT was synthesized from polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT) in aqueous lignosulfonate (LS) solutions with ammonium persulfate as the oxidant. Results showed that conductive polymer PEDOT was successfully obtained in the present of LS, and the PEDOT/LS conductive compounds could be well dispersed into water. The effective diameter of the PEDOT/LS compounds decreased with increasing feed ratio of EDOT:LS. When the EDOT:LS ratio was up to 3.5:1, the effective diameter of PEDOT/LS was about 100 nm as detected by light scattering and TEM. The surface resistance of PEDOT/LS coating was about 107 Ω/sq, and had little change after treatment of washing and heating, so the PEDOT/LS dispersion could be used as a good antistatic agent.

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12

Ni’mah, Yatim Lailun, Ju Hsiang Cheng, Ming Yao Cheng, Wei Nien Su, and Bing Joe Hwang. "Improvement of Cycling Performance of Na_2/3Co_2/3Mn_1/3O₂ Cathode by PEDOT/PSS Surface Coating for Na Ion Batteries." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.24893.

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The surface-modified Na2/3Co2/3Mn1/3O2 is coated with a conductive Poly (3,4-Ethylene dioxy thiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) polymer, and their resulting electrochemical properties were investigated as Na-ion battery cathode. The surface-modified Na2/3Co2/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material exhibits a high discharge capacity and good rate capability due to enhanced electron transport by surface PEDOT/PSS. The presence of PEDOT/PSS surface layer suppresses the growth of a resistive layer, while the dissolution of transition metals of the active cathode materials is inhibited as well. The resulting surface-modified Na2/3Co2/3Mn1/3O2 shows superior cycling performance, which is much stable than the pristine one as being the Na-ion battery cathode.

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13

Xie, Yong, Shi-Hao Zhang, Hai-Yun Jiang, Hui Zeng, Ruo-Mei Wu, Hong Chen, Ya-Fang Gao, Yi-Yang Huang, and Hai-Long Bai. "Properties of carbon black-PEDOT composite prepared via in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization." e-Polymers 19, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2019-0008.

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AbstractA new conductive composite composed of nanoscale carbon black (CB) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was prepared by a simple in-situ polymerization. The morphology of the composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The structure and thermal stability were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis, respectively. The results indicated that the addition of CB improved the agglomerated state of PEDOT. On the one hand, CB effectively hindered the agglomeration of PEDOT during the polymerization. Thus, the obtained CB-PEDOT composite dispersed well in solution, which can facilitate the reprocessing of CB-PEDOT. On the other hand, CB covered most of the surface of PEDOT, which enhanced the electrical conductivity of CB-PEDOT. Furthermore, the interfacial interaction between CB and PEDOT improved the thermal stability of CB-PEDOT. The findings of this research suggest that CB can replace polyelectrolyte poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS) to achieve reprocessable materials for certain applications.

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14

Lu, Ziyang, Zehui Yu, Jinbo Dong, Xinyu Xiong, Lin Gao, Minshan Song, Yang Liu, Di Fan, Yongsheng Yan, and Pengwei Huo. "Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and Selectivity of a Novel Magnetic PW@PEDOT Imprinted Photocatalyst with Good Reproducibility." Nano 13, no. 02 (February 2018): 1850020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292018500200.

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The novel magnetic PW-doped PEDOT (PW@PEDOT) imprinted photocatalyst with good reproducibility was prepared by the surface imprinting technique and microwave heating method. Due to the existence of PW@PEDOT and imprinted cavity in the imprinted layer, the as-prepared magnetic PW@PEDOT imprinted photocatalyst not only had higher photocatalytic activity, but also had the excellent specific recognition ability for selective photodegradation of TC. This paper proposed a new idea to prepare the imprinted photocatalysts.

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15

Udowo, Victor Malachy, Maocheng Yan, Fuchun Liu, and Enhou Han. "Effect of Redox Switch, Coupling, and Continuous Polarization on the Anti-Corrosion Properties of PEDOT Film in NaCl Solution." Coatings 13, no. 5 (May 17, 2023): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13050944.

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Conjugated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film was electrochemically synthesized on stainless steel (SS). Redox interactions between the PEDOT film and the SS substrate were examined in 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution with the aid of electrochemical and spectroscopic analyses. The results show that the PEDOT film exhibited a barrier effect and mediated the oxygen reduction reaction, thus hindering ion diffusion to the steel substrate. Localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) of the scratched area on the polymer film shows that PEDOT healed the defect by coupling with redox reactions on the steel surface to prevent charge localization and concentration. The electroactivity of the polymer film declined when PEDOT was polarized at potentials >−0.7 V. Prolonged exposure of the PEDOT film to dissolved oxygen in NaCl solution resulted in the polymer’s over-oxidation (degradation), evidenced by the formation of a carbonyl group in the spectroscopic result. The degradation of PEDOT was attributed to chain scissoring due to hydroxide ion attacks on the polymer chain.

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16

Azman, Nur Hawa Nabilah, Hong Ngee Lim, and Yusran Sulaiman. "Influence of Concentration and Electrodeposition Time on the Electrochemical Supercapacitor Performance of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Material." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5935402.

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Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/graphene oxide (PEDOT/GO) composites with wrinkled paper-like sheets morphology were electropolymerized potentiostatically at 1.2 V with different electrodeposition times (1–30 min) and various concentrations of GO (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/mL). The electrochemical properties of PEDOT/GO composites as an electrode material for supercapacitor were investigated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD). The CV results revealed that PEDOT/GO containing 1.0 mg/mL GO and electropolymerized for 10 minutes exhibited the highest specific capacitance (157.17 F/g). This optimum PEDOT/GO was found to have energy and power density of 18.24 W/kg and 496.64 Wh/kg, respectively, at 1.0 A/g current density. The resistance of charge transfer obtained for PEDOT/GO is very low (13.10 Ω) compared to PEDOT (638.98 Ω), proving that PEDOT/GO has a good supercapacitive performance due to the synergistic effect of the high conductivity of PEDOT and large surface area of GO.

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17

Develioglu, Aysegul, Levent Trabzon, and Yunus Alphan. "Design, Fabrication and Characterization of n-Si Columnar Structures for Solar Cell Applications." Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia 10, no. 1 (January 23, 2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210681208666181019123035.

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Background: Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD) provides oblique deposition and substrate motion to engineer thin film microstructures in three dimensions on nano scale. Using this technique zigzag, chevrons, staircase, post, helical and various type of nanostructures including 3-D multilayers can be obtained from various metals with controllable morphologies. The aim of the study is to increase surface porosity and junction using GLAD method area for thin film solar cells and therefore to increase p-n junction area. This provides efficient charge separation and strong light absorption. Methods: Glancing angle deposition using e-beam evaporation technique has been employed to create 3- D silicon nano-structures on the surface. Al and Ag contact layers were deposited by thermal evaporation technique. Hole-conductor polymer PEDOT: PSS was spin coated onto n type silicon thin film. Reflectance spectra were measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to image surface and cross-section with and without PEDOT: PSS. Also, transmission spectra of PEDOT: PSS was measured using UV-VIS spectroscopy. Surface wettability properties and contact angles of silicon samples were measured by contact angle measurement with water. Results: Columnar structures possess less reflection compared to the flat surface depending on surface porosity. This phenomenon shows that these structures can be used as anti-reflection coatings for solar cells and optical devices to decrease reflectivity and increase light harvesting with higher efficiency. Contact angle decreases when surface roughness increases therefore we can see that columnar structures are more hydrophilic compared to dense films. Flat silicon has 98° contact angle while columnar structures have 71° and 61°. PEDOT: PSS exhibits high transparency in the range from 200 to 1100 nm of wavelength of light, which resembles to solar radiation inside the atmosphere. Also, SEM images of the samples show that silicon columnar structures form better contact with PEDOT: PSS than flat surface. Conclusion: GLAD technique has been used to achieve homogenous rough surface by e-beam evaporation. Both cross-sectional and top-view SEM images show that columnar structures have higher porosity than flat surfaces. The response of UV-VIS spectroscopy shows that columnar structures have less reflection due to highly porous surface. With increasing incident flux angle, antireflection property of the surfaces was enhanced by surpassing the surface reflection. Due to the reduced hydrophobicity of porous structures, organic polymer can be distributed homogenously in between the columnar structures with increased p-n junction interface area. PEDOT: PSS is highly conductive, and it is highly transparent material in the range of the wavelength typically seen in the solar radiation. This makes it easier for light to reach to Si interface to generate electrons and holes. These results provide better understanding of Si- based heterojunction solar cells efficiency improvement with surface modification. This study also shows dependency of optical and electrical activity to surface geometry and surface porosity.

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18

Hung, Pei-Sung, Guang-Ren Wang, Wei-An Chung, Tze-Ting Chiang, and Pu-Wei Wu. "Green Synthesis of Ni@PEDOT and Ni@PEDOT/Au (Core@Shell) Inverse Opals for Simultaneous Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine, and Uric Acid." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091722.

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We demonstrate a water-based synthetic route to fabricate composite inverse opals for simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). Our process involves the conformal deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and PEDOT/Au on the skeletons of Ni inverse opals via cyclic voltammetric scans (CV) to initiate the electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers. The resulting samples, Ni@PEDOT, and Ni@PEDOT/Au inverse opals, exhibit a three-dimensional ordered macroporous platform with a large surface area and interconnected pore channels, desirable attributes for facile mass transfer and strong reaction for analytes. Structural characterization and material/chemical analysis including scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are carried out. The sensing performances of Ni@PEDOT and Ni@PEDOT/Au inverse opals are explored by conducting CV scans with various concentrations of AA, DA, and UA. By leveraging the structural advantages of inverse opals and the selection of PEDOT/Au composite, the Ni@PEDOT/Au inverse opals reveal improved sensing performances over those of conventional PEDOT-based nanostructured sensors.

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19

Huang, Bo, Xinxin Luo, Qichao Zou, Suxiao Wang, and Jinzhi Zhang. "Highly elastic and flexible transparent conductive films derived from latex copolymerization: P(SSNa-BA-St)/PEDOT/graphene." RSC Advances 9, no. 72 (2019): 42335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra09099a.

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We reported an transparent, water resistant, and flexible conductive materials P(SSNa-BA-St)/PEDOT/graphene and their conductivity are due to the large surface area to polymerize the extended PEDOT chain on the nanoparticles.

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20

Krukiewicz, Katarzyna, Magdalena Chudy, Stephen Gregg, and Manus J. P. Biggs. "The Synergistic Effects of Gold Particles and Dexamethasone on the Electrochemical and Biological Performance of PEDOT Neural Interfaces." Polymers 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010067.

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Although neural devices have shown efficacy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, their functionality is limited by the inflammatory state and glial scar formation associated with chronic implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate neural electrode performance following functionalization with an anti-inflammatory coating derived from a conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) matrix doped with dexamethasone (Dex) and decorated with Au particles. Pristine PEDOT, PEDOT-Dex and their gold-decorated analogues (PEDOT/Au and PEDOT-Dex/Au) were formulated by electrochemical deposition and characterized with respect to electrode electrochemical properties, surface morphology and biocompatibility towards primary neural cells. Through a process of gold deposition, it was possible to eliminate the initial burst release observed in PEDOT-Dex and maintain a stable, stepwise increase in Dex elution over 7 days. The released amounts of Dex exceeded the concentrations considered as therapeutic for both PEDOT-Dex and PEDOT-Dex/Au. The results clearly indicated that the presence of either Dex or Au particles facilitated the outgrowth of neurites. Finally, it was shown that the application of composite materials, such as PEDOT-Dex/Au, is an efficient way to improve the efficacy of neural interfaces in vitro.

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21

Bao, Hailian, Xiaodi Chen, Rui Yuan, Chao Zhang, and Shiai Xu. "A dual polymer composite of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) hybrid surface heterojunction with g-C₃N₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution." RSC Advances 11, no. 52 (2021): 32671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05527e.

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Анотація:

A surface heterojunction catalyst of g-C3N4-PEDOT/P3HT with P3HT and PEDOT as the polymer sensitizer and hole transport pathway is successfully prepared. The as prepared photocatalyst with much improved photocatalytic activity for H2 production.

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22

Bao, Hailian, Xiaodi Chen, Rui Yuan, Chao Zhang, and Shiai Xu. "A dual polymer composite of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) hybrid surface heterojunction with g-C₃N₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution." RSC Advances 11, no. 52 (2021): 32671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05527e.

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Анотація:

A surface heterojunction catalyst of g-C3N4-PEDOT/P3HT with P3HT and PEDOT as the polymer sensitizer and hole transport pathway is successfully prepared. The as prepared photocatalyst with much improved photocatalytic activity for H2 production.

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23

Pang, Ilsun, Sungsoo Kim, and Jaegab Lee. "Significantly Improved Adhesion of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanofilms to Amino-Silane Monolayer Pre-Patterned SiO2 Surfaces." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3792–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.028.

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Анотація:

This study reports a novel patterning method for highly pure poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanofilms having a particularly strong adhesion to a SiO2 surface. An oxidized silicon wafer substrate was micro-contact printed with n-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) monolayer, and subsequently its negative pattern was self-assembled with three different amino-functionalized alkylsilanes, (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS), N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (EDAS), and (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (DETS). Then, PEDOT nanofilms were selectively grown on the aminosilane pre-patterned areas via the vapor phase polymerization method. To evaluate the adhesion and patterning, the PEDOT nanofilms and SAMs were investigated with a Scotch® tape test, contact angle analyzer, optical and atomic force microscopes. The evaluation revealed that the newly developed bottom-up process can successfully offer a strongly adhered and selectively patterned PEDOT nanofilm on an oxidized Si wafer surface.

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24

Pang, Ilsun, Sungsoo Kim, and Jaegab Lee. "Significantly Improved Adhesion of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanofilms to Amino-Silane Monolayer Pre-Patterned SiO2 Surfaces." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3792–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.18074.

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Анотація:

This study reports a novel patterning method for highly pure poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanofilms having a particularly strong adhesion to a SiO2 surface. An oxidized silicon wafer substrate was micro-contact printed with n-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) monolayer, and subsequently its negative pattern was self-assembled with three different amino-functionalized alkylsilanes, (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS), N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane (EDAS), and (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (DETS). Then, PEDOT nanofilms were selectively grown on the aminosilane pre-patterned areas via the vapor phase polymerization method. To evaluate the adhesion and patterning, the PEDOT nanofilms and SAMs were investigated with a Scotch® tape test, contact angle analyzer, optical and atomic force microscopes. The evaluation revealed that the newly developed bottom-up process can successfully offer a strongly adhered and selectively patterned PEDOT nanofilm on an oxidized Si wafer surface.

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25

Lim, Kyung Bin, Myong Soo Choi, Sung Hee Kim, and Jun Young Lee. "Improvement of Electrochemical Properties of Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Thin Film by UV Irradiation." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 4638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19293.

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Electrochemical redox supercapcitor is one of promising rechargeable power sources for portable electronic, display or telecommunication devices since it has a large energy density, very fast charge/discharge time and long life cycle. In this study, poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) thin film as the electrode of electrochemical supercapacitor was deposited on a metal current collector by in-situ polymerization method. Symmetrical electrochemical capacitor was then assembled using PEDOT films as working and counter electrodes, where 0.1 M lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) solution in acetonitrile was used as the electrolyte solution. Typical specific discharge capacitance of the capacitor was about 70 F/g and showed little decrease after 1,000 charge/discharge cycles. We also found that UV irradiation improved the electrochemical properties of redox capacitor by formation of hydrophilic polar groups on PEDOT film surface. After UV irradiation on the surface of PEDOT film for 2 hours with the intensity of 30 mW/cm2, the specific discharge capacitance increased by about 10% compared to capacitance of pristine PEDOT film.

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26

Ummartyotin, S., J. Juntaro, C. Wu, M. Sain, and H. Manuspiya. "Deposition of PEDOT: PSS Nanoparticles as a Conductive Microlayer Anode in OLEDs Device by Desktop Inkjet Printer." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/606714.

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Анотація:

A simple microfabrication technique for delivering macromolecules and patterning microelectrode arrays using desktop inkjet printer was described. Aqueous solution of nanoparticle of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) was prepared while its particle size, the surface tension, and the viscosity of the solution were adjusted to be suitable for deposition on a flexible cellulose nanocomposite substrate via inkjet printer. The statistical average of PEDOT: PSS particle size of 100 nm was observed. The microthickness, surface morphology, and electrical conductivity of the printed substrate were then characterized by profilometer, atomic force microscope (AFM), and four-point probe electrical measurement, respectively. The inkjet deposition of PEDOT: PSS was successfully carried out, whilst retained its transparency feature. Highly smooth surface (roughness ~23–44 nm) was achieved.

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27

Yang, Tsou, Hsiao, Cheng, Liu, Huang, Peng, Liu, Yung, and Hsu. "Electrochemical Polymerization of PEDOT–Graphene Oxide–Heparin Composite Coating for Anti-fouling and Anti-clotting of Cardiovascular Stents." Polymers 11, no. 9 (September 18, 2019): 1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091520.

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ABSTRACT: In this study, a novel hemocompatible coating on stainless steel substrates was prepared by electrochemically copolymerizing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) with graphene oxide (GO), polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), or heparin (HEP) on SUS316L stainless steel, producing an anti-fouling (anti-protein adsorption and anti-platelet adhesion) surface to avoid the restenosis of blood vessels. The negative charges of GO, PSS, and HEP repel negatively charged proteins and platelets to achieve anti-fouling and anti-clotting. The results show that the anti-fouling capability of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/PSS coating is similar to that of the PEDOT/HEP coating. The anti-fouling capability of PEDOT/GO is higher than those of PEDOT/HEP and PEDOT/PSS. The reason for this is that GO exhibits negatively charged functional groups (COO−). The highest anti-fouling capability was found with the PEDOT/GO/HEP coating, indicating that electrochemical copolymerization of PEDOT with GO and HEP enhances the anti-fouling capability. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the PEDOT coatings was tested with 3T3 cells for 1–5 days. The results show that all PEDOT composite coatings exhibited biocompatibility. The blood clotting time (APTT) of PEDOT/GO/HEP was prolonged to 225 s, much longer than the 40 s of pristine SUS316L stainless steel (the control), thus greatly improving the anti-blood-clotting capability of cardiovascular stents.

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28

Kim, S. Y., Mi Suk Cho, Jae Do Nam, Hyouk Ryeol Choi, Ja Choon Koo, and Young Kwan Lee. "Transparent and Conductive PEDOT Films on PET Substrate Using an Epoxy Acrylate Binder." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1519.

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Анотація:

Flexible and thin conductive films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on PET substrate were obtained by an in- situ vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) method using ferric toluene sulfonate as an oxidant. The addition of epoxy acrylate resin used as a binder to provide adhesive strength between PEDOT and PET also afforded the possibility of the surface patterning through UV exposure. The electrical and optical properties of the conductive PEDOT films were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and conductivity measurement. Surface resistance below 150./sq. was achieved for 100 nm thick films with UV-vis-spectrum transparency exceeding 80%. The combination of these properties makes the films highly suitable for numerous device applications.

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29

Jönsson, S. K. M., W. R. Salaneck, and M. Fahlman. "X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the metal/polymer contacts involving aluminum and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonic acid) derivatives." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 5 (May 2003): 1219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0167.

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The contact formed between aluminum and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS) derivatives was studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The aluminum/PEDOT-PSS contact contains an interfacial layer formed by chemical reactions between aluminum and mainly poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSH). These chemical interactions were studied with the help of model systems (PSSH, benzenesulfonic acid, and sodium benzenesulfonate). The preferred reaction site of aluminum is the SO3− and SO3−H+ groups of the PSS chains, giving rise to C-S-Al(-O) and C-O-Al species. The resulting contact formed consists of an insulating aluminum/PSS layer and a thin region of partially dedoped PEDOT-PSS. There is significant aluminum diffusion into films of the highly conducting form of PEDOT-PSS that have substantially less PSS at the surface. Hence, no (thick) aluminum/PSS layer is formed in this case, though the PEDOT chains close to the aluminum contact will still be partially dedoped as for the aluminum/PEDOT-PSS case.

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30

Ashraf, Jesna, Sandy Lau, Alireza Akbarinejad, Clive W. Evans, David E. Williams, David Barker, and Jadranka Travas-Sejdic. "Conducting Polymer-Infused Electrospun Fibre Mat Modified by POEGMA Brushes as Antifouling Biointerface." Biosensors 12, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12121143.

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Анотація:

Biofouling on surfaces, caused by the assimilation of proteins, peptides, lipids and microorganisms, leads to contamination, deterioration and failure of biomedical devices and causes implants rejection. To address these issues, various antifouling strategies have been extensively studied, including polyethylene glycol-based polymer brushes. Conducting polymers-based biointerfaces have emerged as advanced surfaces for interfacing biological tissues and organs with electronics. Antifouling of such biointerfaces is a challenge. In this study, we fabricated electrospun fibre mats from sulphonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene (sSEBS), infused with conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) (sSEBS-PEDOT), to produce a conductive (2.06 ± 0.1 S/cm), highly porous, fibre mat that can be used as a biointerface in bioelectronic applications. To afford antifouling, here the poly(oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) brushes were grafted onto the sSEBS-PEDOT conducting fibre mats via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization technique (SI-ATRP). For that, a copolymer of EDOT and an EDOT derivative with SI-ATRP initiating sites, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) methyl 2-bromopropanoate (EDOTBr), was firstly electropolymerized on the sSEBS-PEDOT fibre mat to provide sSEBS-PEDOT/P(EDOT-co-EDOTBr). The POEGMA brushes were grafted from the sSEBS-PEDOT/P(EDOT-co-EDOTBr) and the polymerization kinetics confirmed the successful growth of the brushes. Fibre mats with 10-mers and 30-mers POEGMA brushes were studied for antifouling using a BCA protein assay. The mats with 30-mers grafted brushes exhibited excellent antifouling efficiency, ~82% of proteins repelled, compared to the pristine sSEBS-PEDOT fibre mat. The grafted fibre mats exhibited cell viability >80%, comparable to the standard cell culture plate controls. Such conducting, porous biointerfaces with POEGMA grafted brushes are suitable for applications in various biomedical devices, including biosensors, liquid biopsy, wound healing substrates and drug delivery systems.

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31

Deng, Yonghong, Zhuoxi Li, Xueqing Qiu, and Dacheng Zhao. "Preparation of water-dispersive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conductive nanoparticles in lignosulfonic acid solution." Holzforschung 69, no. 5 (July 1, 2015): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2014-0126.

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AbstractLignosulfonic acid (LS) has been applied both as dispersant and dopant for chemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT). EDOT is successfully polymerized in LS aqueous solutions, resulting in a water-dispersive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conductive nanoparticle (PEDOT:LS). The structure, intermolecular interaction, and performance of the PEDOT:LS were investigated by ultraviolet-visible-Near-infrared spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and surface resistivity tester. Results were interpreted in a way that PEDOT:LS is a polyelectrolyte complex, in which the highly hydrophobic PEDOT is in the inner part of the particle and the LS-rich layer with high hydrophilicity is on its surface. During oxidizing reaction of EDOT to PEDOT in LS, the water-insoluble PEDOT product is adsorbed on the surface of water-soluble LS by electrostatic attraction and forms PEDOT:LS polyelectrolyte complexes. In this process, excess LS is needed to be adsorbed on the surface of PEDOT:LS complexes. The process is driven by π-π interaction to increase the water solubility and contributes to a continuous polymerization. The PEDOT:LS as coating has a good conductivity, transparency, humidity resistance, water resistance, and thermal stability and can be used as high-performance antistatic agents.

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32

Montero-Jimenez, Marjorie, Francisco L. Amante, Gonzalo E. Fenoy, Juliana Scotto, Omar Azzaroni, and Waldemar A. Marmisolle. "PEDOT-Polyamine-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Monitoring Protein Binding." Biosensors 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13020288.

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Анотація:

The fabrication of efficient organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs)-based biosensors requires the design of biocompatible interfaces for the immobilization of biorecognition elements, as well as the development of robust channel materials to enable the transduction of the biochemical event into a reliable electrical signal. In this work, PEDOT-polyamine blends are shown as versatile organic films that can act as both highly conducting channels of the transistors and non-denaturing platforms for the construction of the biomolecular architectures that operate as sensing surfaces. To achieve this goal, we synthesized and characterized films of PEDOT and polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and employed them as conducting channels in the construction of OECTs. Next, we studied the response of the obtained devices to protein adsorption, using glucose oxidase (GOx) as a model system, through two different strategies: The direct electrostatic adsorption of GOx on the PEDOT-PAH film and the specific recognition of the protein by a lectin attached to the surface. Firstly, we used surface plasmon resonance to monitor the adsorption of the proteins and the stability of the assemblies on PEDOT-PAH films. Then, we monitored the same processes with the OECT showing the capability of the device to perform the detection of the protein binding process in real time. In addition, the sensing mechanisms enabling the monitoring of the adsorption process with the OECTs for the two strategies are discussed.

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33

Zheng, Hua Jing, Shi Jun Cheng, Ya Dong Jiang, and Jian Hua Xu. "Performance Optimization of Nanotubes Prepared by a Template Synthesis Method." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.632.

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PEDOT nanotubes were prepared by a template synthesis method. Based on our template, it was deduced that there are two successive processes in the formation of nanotubes. The first step is soakage of the porous templates by a polymer solution, and the second step is adsorption of free charged cationic groups and doped PEDOT onto the template surface with negative charges. XRD results showed that well orientated PEDOT chain were formed during the synthesis, moreover the arrange conductivity of molecular chains strongly affect the structures of PEDOT nanotubes. The nanotubes were measured to be about 5.5~17.6 S/cm, which is higher than that of nanotube pellet due to the high contact resistance between the adjacent nanotubes.

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34

Wu, Tsing-Hau, Hui-Hsin Lu, Wei-Yi Feng, Chii-Wann Lin, Chia-Yu Lin, and Kuo-Chuan Ho. "ROOM-TEMPERATURE NITRIC OXIDE GAS SENSING OF PEDOT THIN FILM USING SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 21, no. 06 (December 2009): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237209001672.

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A room-temperature nitric oxide ( NO ) gas sensor is prepared by using electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymer, poly-(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. Guided by SPR angle simulation, the optimal thickness of deposited PEDOT thin film is 25 nm and the resultant lowest detection limit of NO is 8 ppm. It exhibits 1.3 times higher responses to 25 ppm of NO gas than NO 2.

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35

Zhao, Dan, Qian Zhao, Zhenyu Wang, Lan Feng, Jinying Zhang, and Chunming Niu. "PEDOT-Coated Red Phosphorus Nanosphere Anodes for Pseudocapacitive Potassium-Ion Storage." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11071732.

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Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have come up as a potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to abundant potassium storage in the crust. Red phosphorus is a promising anode material for KIBs with abundant resources and high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, large volume expansion, low electronic conductivity, and limited K+ charging speed in red phosphorus upon cycling have severely hindered the development of red phosphorus-based anodes. To obtain improved conductivity and structural stability, surface engineering of red phosphorus is required. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated red phosphorus nanospheres (RPNP@PEDOT) with an average diameter of 60 nm were synthesized via a facile solution-phase approach. PEDOT can relieve the volume change of red phosphorus and promote electron/ion transportation during charge−discharge cycles, which is partially corroborated by our DFT calculations. A specific capacity of 402 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 40 cycles, and a specific capacity of 302 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 275 cycles, were achieved by RPNP@PEDOT anode with a high pseudocapacitive contribution of 62%. The surface–interface engineering for the organic–inorganic composite of RPNP@PEDOT provides a novel perspective for broad applications of red phosphorus-based KIBs in fast charging occasions.

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36

Foronda, Juanito Raphael F., Stellar Marie R. Cabrera, Darrel L. Cumpas, Paolo Gio A. Villar, Joshua L. Tan, and Bernard John V. Tongol. "Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity of Pt Particles Supported on Reduced Graphene Oxide/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) RGO/PEDOT Composite towards Ethanol Oxidation." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/501824.

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Анотація:

Catalysts in fuel cells are normally platinum based because platinum exhibits high electrocatalytic activity towards ethanol oxidation in acidic medium. However, bulk Pt is expensive and rare in nature. To reduce the consumption of Pt, a support material or matrix is needed to disperse Pt on its surface as micro- or nanoparticles with potential application as anode material in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). In this study, a composite material consisting of platinum particles dispersed on reduced graphene oxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (RGO/PEDOT) support was electrochemically prepared for ethanol oxidation in sulfuric acid electrolyte. PEDOT, a conductive polymer, was potentiodynamically polymerized from the corresponding monomer, 0.10 M EDOT in 0.10 M HClO4electrolyte. The PEDOT-modified electrode was used as a substrate for exfoliated graphene oxide (EGO) which was prepared by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite from carbon rod of spent batteries and subsequently reduced to form RGO. The Pt/RGO/PEDOT composite gave the highest electrocatalytic activity with an anodic current density of 2688.7 mA·cm−2at E = 0.70 V (versus Ag/AgCl) towards ethanol oxidation compared to bare Pt electrode and other composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the surface morphology of the hybrid composites while energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the presence of all the elements for the Pt/RGO/PEDOT composite.

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37

Murugesan, Vijay Srinivasan, Shusuke Ono, Norio Tsuda, Jun Yamada, Paik-Kyun Shin, and Shizuyasu Ochiai. "Characterization of Organic Thin Film Solar Cells of PCDTBT : PC71BM Prepared by Different Mixing Ratio and Effect of Hole Transport Layer." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/687678.

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Анотація:

The organic thin film solar cells (OTFSCs) have been successfully fabricated using PCDTBT : PC71BM with different mixing ratios (1 : 1 to 1 : 8) and the influence of hole transport layer thickness (PEDOT : PSS). The active layers with different mixing ratios of PCDTBT : PC71BM have been fabricated using o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB). The surface morphology of the active layers and PEDOT : PSS layer with different thicknesses were characterized by AFM analysis. Here, we report that the OTFSCs with high performance have been optimized with 1 : 4 ratios of PCDTBT : PC71BM. The power conversion efficiency (PCE = 5.17%) of the solar cells was significantly improved by changing thickness of PEDOT : PSS layer. The thickness of the PEDOT : PSS layer was found to be of significant importance; the thickness of the PEDOT : PSS layer at 45 nm (higher spin speed 5000 rpm) shows higher short circuit current density (Jsc) and lower series resistance (Rs) and higher PCE.

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38

Ramdzan, Nur Syahira Md, Yap Wing Fen, Josephine Ying Chyi Liew, Nur Alia Sheh Omar, Nur Ain Asyiqin Anas, Wan Mohd Ebtisyam Mustaqim Mohd Daniyal, and Nurul Illya Muhamad Fauzi. "Exploration on Structural and Optical Properties of Nanocrystalline Cellulose/Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) Thin Film for Potential Plasmonic Sensing Application." Photonics 8, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8100419.

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Анотація:

There are extensive studies on the development of composite solutions involving various types of materials. Therefore, this works aims to incorporate two polymers of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and poly(3,4-ethylenethiophene) (PEDOT) to develop a composite thin film via the spin-coating method. Then, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is employed to confirm the functional groups of the NCC/PEDOT thin film. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) results revealed a relatively homogeneous surface with the roughness of the NCC/PEDOT thin film being slightly higher compared with individual thin films. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectrometer evaluated the optical properties of synthesized thin films, where the absorbance peaks can be observed around a wavelength of 220 to 700 nm. An optical band gap of 4.082 eV was obtained for the composite thin film, which is slightly lower as compared with a single material thin film. The NCC/PEDOT thin film was also incorporated into a plasmonic sensor based on the surface plasmon resonance principle to evaluate the potential for sensing mercury ions in an aqueous medium. Resultantly, the NCC/PEDOT thin film shows a positive response in detecting the various concentrations of mercury ions. In conclusion, this work has successfully developed a new sensing layer in fabricating an effective and potential heavy metal ions sensor.

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39

Hsu, Chien-Hsing, Ya-Wei Hsu, and Yu-Ching Weng. "A novel potentiometric sensor based on urease/ bovine serum albumin-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/Pt for urea detection." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 71, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2015-0166.

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AbstractWe have presented a potentiometric urea sensor using an urease/bovine serum albumin (BSA)-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)/Pt electrode. A urea detection sensitivity of 15.2 mV/decade (order of magnitude) has been achieved. BSA trapped in the PEDOT matrix was employed to bond urease molecules on the surface of a BSA-PEDOT/Pt electrode via amide bonds formed between the carboxyl functional groups on the enzyme and the amines on the BSA. The effects of PEDOT thickness, pH value of the urea solution, urease concentration, and temperature on the urea detection sensitivity were also studied. The lifetime of the sensor was studied for a period of 10 weeks, and the average sensing degradation rate was about 9 % per week. This sensor displayed a high selectivity to urea over glucose, KCl, and NaCl.

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40

SONG, DANDAN, MEICHENG LI, FAN BAI, YINGFENG LI, YONGJIAN JIANG, and BING JIANG. "SILICON NANOPARTICLES/PEDOT–PSS NANOCOMPOSITE AS AN EFFICIENT COUNTER ELECTRODE FOR DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS." Functional Materials Letters 06, no. 04 (August 2013): 1350048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604713500483.

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Анотація:

A novel inorganic/organic nanocomposite film composed of Si nanoparticles (NPs) and poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT–PSS) is obtained from a simple mechanical mixture of Si NPs powder and aqueous PEDOT–PSS solution. Employing this composite film as a counter electrode, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) exhibits an efficiency of 5.7% and a fill factor of 0.51, which are much higher than these of DSSC using pristine PEDOT–PSS electrode (2.9% and 0.25, respectively). The improvements in the photovoltaic performance of the former are primarily derived from improved electrocatalytic performance of the electrode, as evidenced by electrochemical measurements, the composite electrode has lower impedance and higher electrocatalytic activity when in comparison with pristine PEDOT–PSS electrode. These improvements are primarily deriving from the increased electrochemical surface by the addition of Si NPs. The characteristics of Si NPs/PEDOT–PSS composite counter electrode reveal its potential for the use of low-cost and stable Pt-free counter electrode materials. In addition, the results achieved in this work also provide a facile and efficient approach to improve the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs using PEDOT–PSS electrodes.

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41

Kim, Yong-il, Hyunsook Kim, and Haiwon Lee. "Effect of Solvent and Dopant on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Thin Films by Atomic Force Microscope Lithography." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 4757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic06.

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AMF anodization lithography was performed on organic thin films with conducting polymers which is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). The conductivity of PEDOT thin films was changed by different dopants and organic solvents. Two different dopants are poly(4-styrenesulfonate) and di(2-ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinate. Also, DMF and IPA were used to prepare the PEDOT thin films doped with PSS and DEHS on silicon surface. The conductivities of these PEDOT variants were compared by obtaining their I–V curves between tip and thin films using AFM. Silicon oxide nanopatterns with higher aspect ratios can be obtained from the films with higher conductivity.

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42

Petkevičiūtė, Julija, Audronė Sankauskaitė, Vitalija Jasulaitienė, Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova, and Aušra Abraitienė. "Impact of Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment of Wool Fabric for Dyeing with PEDOT: PSS." Materials 15, no. 14 (July 8, 2022): 4797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15144797.

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This study presents the effect of non-thermal plasma modification on the changes of surface morphology, color characteristics and electrical conductivity of wool fabric dyed with intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS). The wool fabric was treated with an aqueous dispersion of PEDOT: PSS, Clevios F ET, providing electrically conductive properties to textiles. The wool fabric, containing basic groups of amines (NH2), was pre-activated with low-pressure plasma of non-polymer forming nitrogen (N2) gas before exhaust dyeing with PEDOT: PSS at 90 °C was applied. This treatment imparted hydrophilicity, reduced felting, increased adhesion, improved dye ability and ensured that more PEDOT: PSS negatively charged sulfonate (−SO3−) counter ions would be electrostatically bounded with the cationic protonated amine groups of the wool fiber. Initially, before (N2) plasma treatment and after fabrics were evaluated according to the test method for aqueous liquid repellency, the surface morphology of the plasma-modified and -unmodified wool dyed fabric was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The functional groups introduced onto the surface after N2 gas plasma treatment of wool fabric were characterized by X-ray photoelectron and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The results of color difference measurements show that N2 gas plasma treatments provide more intense color on Clevios F ET dyed wool fabric and retain its electrical conductivity.

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43

Cymann, Anita, Mirosław Sawczak, Jacek Ryl, Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska, and Monika Wilamowska-Zawłocka. "Capacitance Enhancement by Incorporation of Functionalised Carbon Nanotubes into Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)/Graphene Oxide Composites." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 2419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102419.

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This paper reports on the role of oxidised carbon nanotubes (oxMWCNTs) present in poly-3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene (PEDOT)/graphene oxide (GOx) composite. The final ternary composites (pEDOT/GOx/oxMWCNTs) are synthesised by an electrodeposition process from the suspension-containing monomer, oxidised carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide. Dissociated functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide play a role of counter-ions for the polymer chains. Detailed physicochemical and electrochemical characterisation of the ternary composites is presented in the paper. The results prove that the presence of oxMWCNTs in the ternary composites doubles the capacitance values compared to the binary ones (450 vs. 270 F cm−3 for PEDOT/GOx/oxMWCNTs and PEDOT/GOx, respectively). The amount of carbon nanotubes in the synthesis solution is crucial for physicochemical properties of the composites, their adhesion to the electrode substrate and the electrochemical performance.

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44

Goding, J. A., A. D. Gilmour, P. J. Martens, L. A. Poole-Warren, and R. A. Green. "Small bioactive molecules as dual functional co-dopants for conducting polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 25 (2015): 5058–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb00384a.

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45

Liu, JinFeng, YuFang Chen, Jing Xu, WeiWei Sun, ChunMan Zheng, and YuJie Li. "Effectively enhanced structural stability and electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4cathode materialsviapoly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-in situcoated for high voltage Li-ion batteries." RSC Advances 9, no. 6 (2019): 3081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra09550g.

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46

Hou, Jian, Guang Zhu, Jing Kun Xu, Jun Tao Wang, and Yao Huang. "Epoxy Resin Modified with PEDOT/PSS and Corrosion Protection of Steel." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.947.

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An epoxy paint containing PEDOT/PSS was described herein. The corrosion behavior of steel samples coated with the paint was investigated in seawater. For this purpose, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was utilized and surface morphology of coatings after corrosion was observed using scanning electron microscope. It was found that the addition of small PEDOT/PSS to the epoxy resin increased its corrosion protection efficiency. Meanwhile, the possible mechanism was discussed.

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47

Lee, Chin Jung, and I. Shou Tsai. "Effect of Different Dielectric Constant Solvents Addition on PEDOT-PSS Conductive Polymer and its Application." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.625.

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This paper investigates the physical properties of conductive paste which is used for print engineering. The conductivity of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) containing various organic solvents was measured. The different dielectric constant solvents are isopropanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide with different concentration. After drying, they were prepared many kinds of films. It was found that an addition of organic solvent lowered the resistance by two or three orders of magnitude when the concentration is 25wt% , among them the larger dielectric constant solvent has the best surface conductivity, the magnitude is about 7.03×10－1S/cm, and then we blend every two solvents by 25wt% concentration, prepared six blend films. Among them has the best effect, the magnitude is about 1.94×10-1S/cm. All kind of PEDOT/PSS films have been studied using four point probe conductive meter, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) in order to discuss the surface conductivity, the crystallinity, the chemical structure and the thermal properties of the PEDOT/PSS film. Conducting PEDOT/PSS-IPA/DMSO solution mix with polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) resin to coat hydrophobic fabrics, which can be used for the dissipation of electrostatic charge.

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48

Srirodpai, Onruthai, Jatuphorn Wootthikanokkhan, and Saiwan Nawalertpanya. "Synthesis, Characterizations, and Thermochromic Properties of VO2 Particles Grafted with PSS : PEDOT." Advances in Polymer Technology 2022 (September 1, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1866280.

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Vanadium dioxide (VO2) particles were modified by grafting with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Critical transition temperature ( T c ) of the modified VO2 ranging between 77 and 79°C was obtained. After mixing with acrylic-based emulsion, dispersion of the VO2 particles in the polymer matrix was significantly improved. The visible light transmittance through the composite films above 75% was maintained if a concentration of the modified VO2 particles loaded into acrylic polymer film was no greater than 1.0 wt%. The NIR transmittance through the acrylic/VO2@PSS : PEDOT also dropped by 9-10%, compared with that of the pure acrylic film (without any particles). Finally, glass substrates coated with the acrylic/VO2@PSS : PEDOT composite films could reduce the temperature inside a model house by 5-6°C, compared with that of the control system (pure acrylic coating film without VO2 particles). Overall, this work demonstrated that it was possible to improve the dispersion of VO2 particles in polymer films without sacrificing its NIR shielding ability by grafting the surface of VO2 particles with PSS : PEDOT chains, while providing the optimum grafting density and particle loading.

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49

Zhang, Jinling, and Juncheng Liu. "Effect of high voltage electric field on structure and property of PEDOT : PSS film." Физика и техника полупроводников 51, no. 12 (2017): 1669. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2017.12.45183.8553.

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Low electrical conductivity of PEDOT : PSS film is to some extent a limit for its wide application. To solve this problem, the high voltage electric field was used to improve the film's electrical conductivity and its effects on the film's structure and properties were investigated. The PEDOT : PSS film was prepared on quartz substrate with spin coating. Visible light transmittance of the prepared film was tested with UV-Visible spectroscopy and chemical structure was measured with Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (FTRM). The surface morphology was characterized with AFM, and electrical conductivity was measured with Hall effects measurement. The results showed that with the increase of the electric field, the electrical conductivity of PEDOT : PSS film was boosted rapidly at first, and then improved slowly when the electric field was above 200 kV/m. The film's electrical conductivity improved more than 17 times in total from 0.51·10-3 up to 8.92·10-3 S/m. However, the film's visible light transmittance decreased only a little with the increase of the electric field, not more than 3%. In addition, despite little change in the chemical structure of the PEDOT : PSS film, its surface roughness increased significantly with the increase of the electric field intensity. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.12.45183.8553

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50

Zhang, Chuanxiang, Hao Huang, Jie Zhou, Changchun Hu, Shuo Li, Dan Wei, Yimin Tan, and Yan Deng. "A Sensitive Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Black Phosphorus Nanosheet for Carbaryl Detection." Science of Advanced Materials 14, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 1836–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2022.4394.

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Carbaryl is a broad-spectrum carbamate insecticide widely used to control pests on crops, trees and ornamental plants. Carbaryl residues in fruits and vegetables and other foods can accumulate in the human body and damage human health. Therefore, it is very essential to establish a sensitive and reliable method for determination of carbaryl. Black phosphorene nanosheets (BPNPs) modified glassy carbon electrode was herein prepared using poly(3,4-dioxyethylenethiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) as both membrane and stabilizer. The nanocomposites (BP-PEDOT: PSS) were synthesized by combining BP at the ratio of PEDOT: PSS, which improved conductivity and stability of BP. In order to enhance the electrochemical signal and build the carbaryl aptamer sensor, the surface of BP-PEDOT: PSS was modified by Au nanoparticles (Au NPs). The carbaryl aptamer modified with sulfhydryl groups was immobilized in the outer layer of Au NPs, and the target carbaryl was specifically recognized and captured by carbaryl aptamer and adsorbed on the electrode surface, thus causing changes in the interfacial electrochemical signal. The conditions were optimized and characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear equation was obtained as ΔI(μA) = −11.35logC−29.70, R2 = 0.997. The detection range was 0.01 ng/mL–10 μg/mL, with a limit of detection of 7.0 pg/mL.

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