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Статті в журналах з теми "Pedestrian Flows Monitoring"
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Kurkcu, Abdullah, and Kaan Ozbay. "Estimating Pedestrian Densities, Wait Times, and Flows with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Sensors." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2644, no. 1 (January 2017): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2644-09.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Monitoring nonmotorized traffic is gaining more attention in the context of transportation studies. Most of the traditional pedestrian monitoring technologies focus on counting pedestrians passing through a fixed location in the network. It is thus not possible to anonymously track the movement of individuals or groups as they move outside each particular sensor’s range. Moreover, most agencies do not have continuous pedestrian counts mainly because of technological limitations. Wireless data collection technologies, however, can capture crowd dynamics by scanning mobile devices. Data collection that takes advantage of mobile devices has gained much interest in the transportation literature as a result of its low cost, ease of implementation, and richness of the captured data. In this paper, algorithms to filter and aggregate data collected by wireless sensors are investigated, as well as how to fuse additional data sources to improve the estimation of various pedestrian-based performance measures. Procedures to accurately filter the noise in the collected data and to find pedestrian flows, wait times, and counts with wireless sensors are presented. The developed methods are applied to a 2-month-long collection of public transportation terminal data carried out with the use of six sensors. Results point out that if the penetration rate of discoverable devices is known, then it is possible to accurately estimate the number of pedestrians, pedestrian flows, and average wait times in the detection zone of the developed sensors.
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Wang, Xianing, Zhan Zhang, Ying Wang, Jun Yang, and Linjun Lu. "A Study on Safety Evaluation of Pedestrian Flows Based on Partial Impact Dynamics by Real-Time Data in Subway Stations." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 10328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the scientific assurance of pedestrian safety has become an important issue. Orderly behavior is a crucial factor affecting pedestrian safety. Therefore, in-depth research into pedestrian behavior is needed. This study carries out an evaluation of safety in pedestrian flows by establishing a new force model based on real-time data. In this model, we consider the microscopic characteristics of pedestrians and define four force influence mechanisms for simulating pedestrian behavior. Compared with existing models, this model incorporates partial impact dynamics to make it applicable to the particular environment of subway stations. Through the validation of real-world data, it is demonstrated that the model can accurately describe pedestrian behavior and better reproduce the characteristics of pedestrians. The influence of pedestrians and of environmental factors on the model are also discussed. Using our model, we propose a risk evaluation system based on pedestrian volatility. By using real-time pedestrian information from subway stations, the potential risk to pedestrians can be discerned and assessed in advance. This research advances the management of pedestrian safety and provides a framework for studying behavior models and for safety evaluation.
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Kim, Jeongyun, Sehyun Tak, Michel Bierlaire, and Hwasoo Yeo. "Trajectory Data Analysis on the Spatial and Temporal Influence of Pedestrian Flow on Path Planning Decision." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 13, 2020): 10419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410419.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The modeling of walking behavior and design of walk-friendly urban pathways have been of interest to many researchers over the past decades. One of the major issues in pedestrian modeling is path planning decision-making in a dynamic walking environment with different pedestrian flows. While previous studies have agreed that pedestrian flow influences path planning, only a few studies have dealt with the empirical data to show the relationship between pedestrian flow and path planning behavior. This study introduces a new methodology for analyzing pedestrian trajectory data to find the dynamic walking conditions that influence the path planning decision. The comparison of the pedestrians’ path shows that the higher proportion of opposite flows are, the greater they influence the path selection decision. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the opposite flow changes and path planning behavior and find the spatial and temporal ranges of the opposite flow that affects the path planning behavior. Lastly, we find the ratio of pedestrians that update their paths with respect to the opposite flow rate.
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Yao, Shenjun, Jinzi Wang, Lei Fang, and Jianping Wu. "Identification of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision Hotspots at the Micro-Level Using Network Kernel Density Estimation and Random Forests: A Case Study in Shanghai, China." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 13, 2018): 4762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124762.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The improvement of pedestrian safety plays a crucial role in developing a safe and friendly walking environments, which can contribute to urban sustainability. A preliminary step in improving pedestrian safety is to identify hazardous road locations for pedestrians. This study proposes a framework for the identification of vehicle-pedestrian collision hot spots by integrating the information about both the likelihood of the occurrence of vehicle-pedestrian collisions and the potential for the reduction in vehicle-pedestrian crashes. First, a vehicle-pedestrian collision density surface was produced via network kernel density estimation. By assigning a threshold value, possible vehicle-pedestrian hot spots were identified. To obtain the potential for vehicle-pedestrian collision reduction, random forests was employed to model the density with a set of variables describing vehicle and pedestrian flows. The potential for crash reduction was then measured as the difference between the observed vehicle-pedestrian crash density and the prediction produced by the random forests models. The final hotspots were determined by excluding those with a crash reduction value of no more than zero. The method was applied to the identification of hazardous road locations for pedestrians in a district in Shanghai, China. The result indicates that the method is useful for decision-making support.
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Gruden, Chiara. "The evaluation of the surrogate safety measures along a pedestrian confined ramp of an old bridge." European Transport/Trasporti Europei, no. 77 (May 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.48295/et.2020.77.7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pedestrians walk daily to meet their basic needs. Therefore, over the years it has been attempted to make urban context more livable, respecting the needs of weak road users. Pedestrian mobility is also growing strongly from the point of view of tourism, especially in the areas where government measures are taken to reduce vehicular flow in order to let the architectural and landscape assets more usable. Often tourist itineraries are made of narrow areas crossed by numerous pedestrians, leading to possible critical circumstances. The criticality is connected to a likely reduction of safety and use (comfort and possible delays). Confined spaces such as small streets or pedestrian bridges well exemplify the described situation. Particularly, pedestrian bridges are often composed of ramps with variable slopes and consist of different floors, making walking difficult and therefore reducing travel speed and limiting the mobility of users such as handicapped or elderly people. Starting from the geometrical evaluation of the old bridge of Mostar (BIH), this article provides some ideas for evaluating the safety of pedestrians during the journey on the bridge, under different flow conditions. The analyses were carried out starting from an estimate of pedestrian flows from video monitoring. Safety was then assessed thanks to the calculation of surrogate measures, based on the trajectories of individuals, obtained through tracking tools. Camera monitoring and inspections to survey infrastructure’s geometric features ease the procedure of data entering into image processing software. The evaluation of individual pedestrian trajectories and/or their interactions allows to estimate the movement variations through the study of parameters such as speed variation, pedestrian density and surrogate safety factors. Surrogate safety measures, indeed, are indicators calculated for a chosen pair of users interacting in the detected scene. Among these factors there are: relative speed (Delta-V), Time-To-Collision (TTC), Time Advantage (TAdv) and T2. All the above-mentioned kinds of measures are interesting to study generally the behavioural aspects of road traffic and, specifically, safety level and factors influencing it. The purpose of this work is to estimate the effects of induced pedestrian mobility on Mostar’s Ottoman bridge in terms of safety, with the aim of preventing negative scenarios that could lead to a bad infrastructural level of service. Keywords: road safety; pedestrian trajectories; surrogate safety measures.
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Gruden, Chiara, Irena Ištoka Otković, and Matjaž Šraml. "An Eye-Tracking Study on the Effect of Different Signalized Intersection Typologies on Pedestrian Performance." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2022): 2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pedestrian safety is a well-known issue, such that many road safety associations emphasize measures to improve this aspect. One of the main conflict points is pedestrian crossings, where motorized and non-motorized traffic flows directly interact and where pedestrian attention and reaction are two elements that can strongly influence their safety. Nowadays, these aspects are often deviated by the use of smartphones to surf the Internet or social media. The aim of the present study is to find out (1) whether and how intersection typology affects pedestrian behavior, both in terms of attention and crossing performance, and (2) whether and how gaze and behavioral characteristics are affected by smartphone use and social media browsing. To achieve this goal, eye-tracking technology was used to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on the number of fixations, their duration, and reaction times of pedestrians. Additionally, from the eye-tracking videos, it was possible to derive pedestrian waiting times, crossing times, and speeds. Statistical tests were conducted to determine if there is a significant difference in pedestrian behavior at the three different types of intersections and in their behavior when using or not using their device. Results confirm the initial hypotheses and quantify the difference in pedestrian gaze behavior and crossing performance when walking across three different types of signalized crosswalks.
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Ye, Qiming, Yuxiang Feng, Eduardo Candela, Jose Escribano Macias, Marc Stettler, and Panagiotis Angeloudis. "Spatial-Temporal Flows-Adaptive Street Layout Control Using Reinforcement Learning." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Complete streets scheme makes seminal contributions to securing the basic public right-of-way (ROW), improving road safety, and maintaining high traffic efficiency for all modes of commute. However, such a popular street design paradigm also faces endogenous pressures like the appeal to a more balanced ROW for non-vehicular users. In addition, the deployment of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) mobility is likely to challenge the conventional use of the street space as well as this scheme. Previous studies have invented automated control techniques for specific road management issues, such as traffic light control and lane management. Whereas models and algorithms that dynamically calibrate the ROW of road space corresponding to travel demands and place-making requirements still represent a research gap. This study proposes a novel optimal control method that decides the ROW of road space assigned to driveways and sidewalks in real-time. To solve this optimal control task, a reinforcement learning method is introduced that employs a microscopic traffic simulator, namely SUMO, as its environment. The model was trained for 150 episodes using a four-legged intersection and joint AVs-pedestrian travel demands of a day. Results evidenced the effectiveness of the model in both symmetric and asymmetric road settings. After being trained by 150 episodes, our proposed model significantly increased its comprehensive reward of both pedestrians and vehicular traffic efficiency and sidewalk ratio by 10.39%. Decisions on the balanced ROW are optimised as 90.16% of the edges decrease the driveways supply and raise sidewalk shares by approximately 9%. Moreover, during 18.22% of the tested time slots, a lane-width equivalent space is shifted from driveways to sidewalks, minimising the travel costs for both an AV fleet and pedestrians. Our study primarily contributes to the modelling architecture and algorithms concerning centralised and real-time ROW management. Prospective applications out of this method are likely to facilitate AV mobility-oriented road management and pedestrian-friendly street space design in the near future.
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López Baeza, Jesús, José Carpio-Pinedo, Julia Sievert, André Landwehr, Philipp Preuner, Katharina Borgmann, Maša Avakumović, Aleksandra Weissbach, Jürgen Bruns-Berentelg, and Jörg Rainer Noennig. "Modeling Pedestrian Flows: Agent-Based Simulations of Pedestrian Activity for Land Use Distributions in Urban Developments." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 9268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169268.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pedestrian activity is a cornerstone for urban sustainability, with key implications for the environment, public health, social cohesion, and the local economy. Therefore, city planners, urban designers, and decision-makers require tools to predict pedestrian mobility and assess the walkability of existing or planned urban environments. For this purpose, diverse approaches have been used to analyze different inputs such as the street network configuration, density, land use mix, and the location of certain amenities. This paper focuses on the location of urban amenities as key elements for pedestrian flow prediction, and, therefore, for the success of public spaces in terms of the social life of city neighborhoods. Using agent-based modeling (ABM) and land use floor space data, this study builds a pedestrian flow model, which is applied to both existing and planned areas in the inner city of Hamburg, Germany. The pedestrian flows predicted in the planned area inform the ongoing design and planning process. The flows simulated in the existing area are compared against real-world pedestrian activity data for external validation to report the model accuracy. The results show that pedestrian flow intensity correlates to the density and diversity of amenities, among other KPIs. These correlations validate our approach and also quantify it with measurable indicators.
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Santilli, Daniela, Mauro D’Apuzzo, Azzurra Evangelisti, and Vittorio Nicolosi. "Towards Sustainability: New Tools for Planning Urban Pedestrian Mobility." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 9371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Since the beginning of the new millennium, sensitivity towards the environment has been spreading globally. In fact, countries are adopting measures to develop new decision support tools that can evaluate the impact of interventions to promote and encourage sustainable mobility. To reduce the levels of pollution related to road traffic, policies that favor multimodal transport alternatives have been strengthened. This involves the combined use of public transport, cycling and walking paths, as well as sharing services where available. Regardless of the type of transport, the pedestrian component remains relevant in cities, even if the infrastructures are often not adequate to accommodate it and conflicts arise that must be managed. It is, therefore, necessary to assess the exposure to risk in terms of road safety. Methods: To this end, the work proposes a forecasting model to estimate the pedestrian flows that load the network. The methodology employs a hybrid approach that appears to better capture the movements of pedestrians. Results: By comparing the results of the model with the real data collected on the study area, satisfactory estimates were obtained. Conclusions: Therefore, this can be an effective tool to help road managers to evaluate the actions to protect vulnerable users.
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Matos, Bárbara, and Carlos Lobo. "The Barrier Effect and Pedestrian Mobility/Accessibility on Urban Highways: An Analysis Based on the Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais/Brazil Ring Road." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 3408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Historically, public policies in Brazil and many developing countries have prioritized individual motorized modes of transport. The urban space of Brazilian cities has been repeatedly remodeled, often to meet the demands of vehicle flow, to the detriment of spaces for pedestrian use. Part of the transport infrastructure, particularly the highways, are obstacles to the population’s mobility, constituting the barrier effect and expanding the physical separation of the communities that reside or transit between the adjacent neighborhoods. Based on the proposed mobility and accessibility indicators extracted from the Origin and Destination Survey databases, this article aims to analyze pedestrian mobility and access to cross the Celso Mello Azevedo Ring Road, located in Belo Horizonte/Brazil. The results indicate that, over the period analyzed, the flows of foot crossings were significantly reduced, even in areas where population growth was recorded. The evidence also shows the prevalence of crossings by motorized modes, whose mobility and access are characterized by a tangible inequality in spatial distribution, linked to the occupation pattern of the surroundings, one consequence of which is the expressive volume of accidents involving pedestrians on the highway.
Частини книг з теми "Pedestrian Flows Monitoring"
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Wong, Peter Kok-Yiu, and Jack C. P. Cheng. "Monitoring Pedestrian Flow on Campus with Multiple Cameras using Computer Vision and Deep Learning Techniques." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1149–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0802-8_184.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Pedestrian Flows Monitoring"
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Zheng, Jianhu, and Dongliang Yao. "Intelligent Pedestrian Flow Monitoring Systems in Shopping Areas." In 2010 2nd International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce (IEEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieec.2010.5533215.
Повний текст джерела
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Paralska, Katia, Petko Tsarev, Rositsa Stefanova, and Georgy Koshinchanov. "ANALYSIS OF HIGH WAVE DURING HYDROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENT ON 10-15 DECEMBER 2021 WITH SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL IN SOUTHERN BULGARIA." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Manual measurement of flow velocity and streamflow discharge during high waters is often impossible because of different factors: night events, harsh meteorological conditions, very high dangerous river velocities and levels or infrastructure destruction. The purpose of this study is to determine maximums of river flow velocity and streamflow discharge with hydraulic engineering methods, as well to determine the modulus of runoff at some stations in the East Aegean River Basin in South Bulgaria for the period between 10 and 15 December 2021 characterized with heavy rain. At that time significant precipitations were observed in South Bulgaria as result of a large cyclone over the East Mediterranean area. As a result of these precipitations, the river water levels in the whole country have raise, but the most significant increases were observed in the rivers of the Rhodope Mountains: upper streams of Arda River, the rivers Varbitsa, Krumovitsa, Vacha, Shirokolashka, Chepelarska, etc. On Arda River a large pedestrian bridge altogether with the telemetric station for quantitative river flow monitoring were destroyed and engulfed by water. We determined analytically the maximum streamflow discharge and water levels of Arda River at the village of Kitnitsa and of Vacha River at the station of Zabral. Computed data shows statistic probabilities of maximum streamflow discharge of about 20 year return period (5%). Hydrographs from stations for water levels in the upper or downstream of the river flow are used for revision and verification. We also use information about the calculated surface velocity with the LSPIV method and we show results computed with the coupled SURFEX-RAPID hydrological model. A retrospective analysis is made using data on high waters that passed on 12th December 1991, during which similar water quantities were observed along Varbitsa River.