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Статті в журналах з теми "Pd-C core"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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1

Wang, Hong, Ying Wang, Xianyou Wang, Peiying He, Lanhua Yi, Wei Yi, and Xue Liu. "Investigation of the Performance ofAucore-Pdshell/C as the Anode Catalyst of Direct Borohydride-Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cell." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/129182.

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The carbon-supported bimetallic Au-Pd catalyst with core-shell structure is prepared by successive reduction method. The core-shell structure, surface morphology, and electrochemical performances of the catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry, linear sweep voltammetry, and chronopotentiometry. The results show that the Au-Pd/C catalyst with core-shell structure exhibits much higher catalytic activity for the direct oxidation of NaBH4than pure Au/C catalyst. A direct borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell, in which the Au-Pd/C with core-shell structure is used as the anode catalyst and the Au/C as the cathode catalyst, shows as high as 68.215 mW cm−2power density.

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2

Dong, Nan, Ke Cao, Chen Xi Si, and Dan Zheng. "Pd Doped Ag@C Core-Shell Nanocomposite for Electrochemical Sensitive Determination of Bisphenol A." Key Engineering Materials 905 (January 4, 2022): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.905.204.

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In this work, core–shell structured nanocomposites consisting of Pd doped Ag@C were synthesized by impregnation–reduction method. Then, sensing electrodes were fabricated by modifying Pd/Ag@C core-shell nanoparticles on screen-printed electrodes (SPE) for electrochemical determination of bisphenol A (BPA). The composition and morphology of nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The electrochemical response characteristics of nanocomposites to BPA was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results indicated that, compared with Ag@C and Pd/C, Pd/Ag@C nanocomposite shows greater catalytic activity to the oxidation of BPA due to the synergistic effect of Pd and Ag. Among the four synthesized Pd/Ag@C-x (x=1-4) nanomaterials, the Pd/Ag@C-3 exhibits the best sensing performance toward the sensitive detection of BPA. The linear range for BPA determination was from 8.0×10-8 M to 1.5×10-5M with a detection limit of 1.0×10-8 M. A less than 9% oxidation peak current change was observed on the determination of BPA using Pd/Ag@C-3/SPE when added different interfering species into the BPA solution. The oxidation peak current attenuation of BPA on Pd/Ag@C-3/SPE within five weeks was found to be less than 3.6%.

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3

Chen, Cheng-Chuan, and Lin-Chi Chen. "Synthesis and characterization of Pd–Ni core–shell nanocatalysts for alkaline glucose electrooxidation." RSC Advances 5, no. 66 (2015): 53333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06331k.

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Анотація:

Pd_shell–Ni_core electrocatalyst decorated carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Pd–Ni/C) are synthesized using a two-stage polyol method. Pd–Ni/C (1 : 0.06) provides the highest glucose electrocatalytic oxidation current density.

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4

Zhao, Yuewu, Huile Jin, Huan Zhou, Juanjuan Lin, Shun Wang, and Jichang Wang. "Fabrication of Te@Pd Core–Shell Hybrids for Efficient C–C Coupling Reactions." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 116, no. 13 (March 23, 2012): 7416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp212197r.

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5

Gao, Fei, Yangping Zhang, Huaming You, Zhuolin Li, Bin Zou, and Yukou Du. "One-pot synthesis of core@shell PdAuPt nanodendrite@Pd nanosheets for boosted visible light-driven methanol electrooxidation." Chemical Communications 57, no. 97 (2021): 13198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc06059g.

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Анотація:

We developed a simple method to obtain the PdPtAu@Pd core@shell catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction. The PdPtAu@Pd exhibited superior photo-electrocatalytic behaviors, whose mass activity is 2.3 and 6.7 times higher than Pt/C and Pd/C.

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6

Jiang, Baojiang, Sanzhao Song, Jianqiang Wang, Ying Xie, Wenyi Chu, Hongfeng Li, Hui Xu, Chungui Tian, and Honggang Fu. "Nitrogen-doped graphene supported Pd@PdO core-shell clusters for C-C coupling reactions." Nano Research 7, no. 9 (July 17, 2014): 1280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0492-1.

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7

Tessier, Béatrice C., Andrea E. Russell, Brian R. Theobald, and David Thompsett. "PtML/Pd/C Core-Shell Electrocatalysts for the ORR in PEMFCs." ECS Transactions 16, no. 37 (December 18, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3106718.

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8

Petrov, Sergey A., Dina V. Dudina, Arina V. Ukhina, and Boris B. Bokhonov. "Morphological and Structural Transformations of Fe-Pd Powder Alloys Formed by Galvanic Replacement, Annealing and Acid Treatment." Materials 15, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 3571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103571.

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Анотація:

In this article, we report the preparation and structural features of Fe-Pd powder alloys formed by galvanic replacement, annealing and selective dissolution of iron via acid treatment. The alloys were studied by the X-ray diffraction phase analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The Fe@Pd core–shell particles were obtained by a galvanic replacement reaction occurring upon treatment of a body-centered cubic (bcc) iron powder by a solution containing PdCl42− ions. It was found that the shells are a face-centered cubic (fcc) Pd(Fe) solid solution. HCl acid treatment of the Fe@Pd core–shell particles resulted in the formation of hollow Pd-based particles, as the bcc phase was selectively dissolved from the cores. Annealing of the Fe@Pd core–shell particles at 800 °C led to the formation of fcc Fe-Pd solid solution. Acid treatment of the Fe-Pd alloys formed by annealing of the core–shell particles allowed selectively dissolving iron from the bcc Fe-based phase (Fe(Pd) solid solution), while the fcc Fe-rich Fe-Pd solid solution remained stable (resistant to acid corrosion). It was demonstrated that the phase composition and the Fe/Pd ratio in the alloys (phases) can be tailored by applying annealing and/or acid treatment to the as-synthesized Fe@Pd core–shell particles.

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9

Albers, Peter W., Konrad Möbus, Stefan D. Wieland, and Stewart F. Parker. "The fine structure of Pearlman's catalyst." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 7 (2015): 5274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp05681g.

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10

Boltersdorf, Jonathan, Asher C. Leff, Gregory T. Forcherio, and David R. Baker. "Plasmonic Au–Pd Bimetallic Nanocatalysts for Hot-Carrier-Enhanced Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Ethanol Oxidation." Crystals 11, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030226.

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Анотація:

Gold–palladium (Au–Pd) bimetallic nanostructures with engineered plasmon-enhanced activity sustainably drive energy-intensive chemical reactions at low temperatures with solar simulated light. A series of alloy and core–shell Au–Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared to synergistically couple plasmonic (Au) and catalytic (Pd) metals to tailor their optical and catalytic properties. Metal-based catalysts supporting a localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can enhance energy-intensive chemical reactions via augmented carrier generation/separation and photothermal conversion. Titania-supported Au–Pd bimetallic (i) alloys and (ii) core–shell NPs initiated the ethanol (EtOH) oxidation reaction under solar-simulated irradiation, with emphasis toward driving carbon–carbon (C–C) bond cleavage at low temperatures. Plasmon-assisted complete oxidation of EtOH to CO2, as well as intermediary acetaldehyde, was examined by monitoring the yield of gaseous products from suspended particle photocatalysis. Photocatalytic, electrochemical, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) results are correlated with Au–Pd composition and homogeneity to maintain SPR-induced charge separation and mitigate the carbon monoxide poisoning effects on Pd. Photogenerated holes drive the photo-oxidation of EtOH primarily on the Au-Pd bimetallic nanocatalysts and photothermal effects improve intermediate desorption from the catalyst surface, providing a method to selectively cleave C–C bonds.

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11

Miller, H. A., M. Bellini, F. Vizza, C. Hasenöhrl, and R. D. Tilley. "Carbon supported Au–Pd core–shell nanoparticles for hydrogen production by alcohol electroreforming." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 18 (2016): 6870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cy00720a.

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Анотація:

Monodisperse faceted icosahedral Au–Pd core–shell nanocrystals of small size (<12 nm) supported on Vulcan XC-72 (Au–Pd/C) are employed in electroreforming for the cogeneration of hydrogen and valuable chemicals.

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12

Almeida, Caio V. S., Germano Tremiliosi-Filho, Katlin I. B. Eguiluz, and Giancarlo R. Salazar-Banda. "Improved ethanol electro-oxidation at Ni@Pd/C and Ni@PdRh/C core–shell catalysts." Journal of Catalysis 391 (November 2020): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2020.08.024.

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13

Liu, Qian, Seng Dong, Yuanzhe Wang, Weiyi Jia, Xi Chen, Faming Gao, and Yatao Wang. "Pd@PtRuNi core–shell nanowires as oxygen reduction electrocatalysts." Nanotechnology 34, no. 35 (June 16, 2023): 355402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/acdad8.

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Abstract Fuel cells, as the alternative to fossil energy, have engaged widespread attention by reason of the high conversion efficiency from the chemical energy to the electric energy combined with low pollution emissions. The cathodic ORR catalysts with excellent performance and cost-effectiveness are the dominant point towards the massive development of fuel cells. Here, our group select the Pd NWs as the template and construct the Pd@PtRuNi core–shell bilayer nanostructure to expand platinum atom utilization. Pd@PtRuNi bilayer core–shell NWs unfold elevated mass activity of 1.62 A mg metal − 1 at 0.9 V versus RHE in alkaline media, 2.03- and 6.23-fold of pristine Pd NWs and benchmark commercial Pt/C, respectively. Meanwhile, the cyclic stability tests reveal the excellent durability of Pd@PtRuNi NWs, whose mass activity is only 13.58% degradation after accelerated durability tests. The catalytic activity and durability towards ORR are better than the U.S. 2025 DOE target ( 0.44 A mg pt − 1 and less than 40% activity attenuation at 0.9 V after 30 000 potential cycles). The elevated catalytic properties can be traceable to the synergism between the ligand effect of Ni and Ru and one-dimensional structure superiority, which optimizes the electronic structure of active sites, promotes the charge transfer and restrains the agglomeration and detachment.

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14

Deplanche, Kevin, Mohamed L. Merroun, Merixtell Casadesus, Dung T. Tran, Iryna P. Mikheenko, James A. Bennett, Ju Zhu, et al. "Microbial synthesis of core/shell gold/palladium nanoparticles for applications in green chemistry." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, no. 72 (March 7, 2012): 1705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2012.0003.

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We report a novel biochemical method based on the sacrificial hydrogen strategy to synthesize bimetallic gold (Au)–palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) with a core/shell configuration. The ability of Escherichia coli cells supplied with H 2 as electron donor to rapidly precipitate Pd(II) ions from solution is used to promote the reduction of soluble Au(III). Pre-coating cells with Pd(0) (bioPd) dramatically accelerated Au(III) reduction, with the Au(III) reduction rate being dependent upon the initial Pd loading by mass on the cells. Following Au(III) addition, the bioPd–Au(III) mixture rapidly turned purple, indicating the formation of colloidal gold. Mapping of bio-NPs by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis suggested Au-dense core regions and peripheral Pd but only Au was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. However, surface analysis of cleaned NPs by cyclic voltammetry revealed large Pd surface sites, suggesting, since XRD shows no crystalline Pd component, that layers of Pd atoms surround Au NPs. Characterization of the bimetallic particles using X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed the existence of Au-rich core and Pd-rich shell type bimetallic biogenic NPs. These showed comparable catalytic activity to chemical counterparts with respect to the oxidation of benzyl alcohol, in air, and at a low temperature (90°C).

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15

Boltersdorf, Jonathan, Asher C. Leff, Gregory T. Forcherio, Joshua P. McClure, and Cynthia A. Lundgren. "Surface Plasmon Resonant Gold-Palladium Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Promoting Catalytic Oxidation." MRS Advances 4, no. 33-34 (2019): 1877–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.222.

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Анотація:

AbstractColloidal gold-palladium (Au-Pd) bimetallic nanoparticles were used as catalysts to study the ethanol (EtOH) photo-oxidation cycle, with an emphasis towards driving carbon-carbon (C-C) bond cleavage at low temperatures. Au-Pd bimetallic alloy and core-shell nanoparticles were prepared to synergistically couple a plasmonic absorber (Au) with a catalytic metal (Pd) with composite optical and catalytic properties tailored towards promoting photocatalytic oxidation. Catalysts utilizing metals that exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can be harnessed for light-driven enhancement for small molecule oxidation via augmented photocarrier generation/separation and photothermal conversion. The coupling of Au to Pd in an alloy or core-shell nanostructure maintains SPR-induced charge separation, mitigates the poisoning effects on Pd, and allows for improved EtOH oxidation. The Au-Pd nanoparticles were coupled to semiconducting titanium dioxide photocatalysts to probe their effects on plasmonically-assisted photocatalytic oxidation of EtOH. Complete oxidation of EtOH to CO2 under solar simulated-light irradiation was confirmed by monitoring the yield of gaseous products. Bimetallics provide a pathway for driving desired photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reactions with superior catalytic activity and selectivity.

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16

Lee, Seungsun, and Young-Min Chung. "Direct synthesis of H2O2 over acid-treated Pd/C catalyst derived from a Pd-Co core-shell structure." Catalysis Today 352 (August 2020): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2019.09.038.

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17

Mohammadsaleh, Fatemeh, Maryam Dehdashti Jahromi, Abdol Reza Hajipour, Seyed Mostafa Hosseini, and Khodabakhsh Niknam. "1,2,3-Triazole framework: a strategic structure for C–H⋯X hydrogen bonding and practical design of an effective Pd-catalyst for carbonylation and carbon–carbon bond formation." RSC Advances 11, no. 34 (2021): 20812–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03356e.

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The C–H hydrogen bonding of a 1,2,3-triazole framework was studied. An Fe₃O₄–chitosan core–shell incorporating a triazole/Pd complex was investigated as a nanocatalyst in carbonylation and C–C coupling.

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18

Saraev, Andrey A., Svetlana A. Yashnik, Evgeny Yu Gerasimov, Anna M. Kremneva, Zakhar S. Vinokurov, and Vasily V. Kaichev. "Atomic Structure of Pd-, Pt-, and PdPt-Based Catalysts of Total Oxidation of Methane: In Situ EXAFS Study." Catalysts 11, no. 12 (November 27, 2021): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11121446.

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In this study, 3%Pd/Al2O3, 3%Pt/Al2O3 and bimetallic (1%Pd + 2%Pt)/Al2O3 catalysts were examined in the total oxidation of methane in a temperature range of 150–400 °C. The evolution of the active component under the reaction conditions was studied by transmission electron microscopy and in situ extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. It was found that the platinum and bimetallic palladium-platinum catalysts are more stable against sintering than the palladium catalysts. For all the catalysts, the active component forms a “core-shell” structure in which the metallic core is covered by an oxide shell. The “core-shell” structure for the platinum and bimetallic palladium-platinum catalysts is stable in the temperature range of 150–400 °C. However, in the case of the palladium catalysts the metallic core undergoes the reversible oxidation at temperatures above 300 °C and reduced to the metallic state with the decrease in the reaction temperature. The scheme of the active component evolution during the oxidation of methane is proposed and discussed.

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19

Bastl, Zdeněk, and Tomáš Šarapatka. "Adsorption of Carbon Monoxide on Pd/SiO2/Si(111) Studied by Core-Level Photoemission." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 63, no. 11 (1998): 1793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19981793.

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X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to study the adsorption of carbon monoxide on Pd dispersed on oxidized Si(111) surface. A fraction of the deposited Pd diffusing at room temperature to the SiO2/Si interface increases with decreasing SiO2 thickness. For oxide layers thinner than ≈1 nm, almost all deposited Pd diffuses to SiO2/Si interface forming there Si silicide. Consequently, the amount of adsorbed CO is dependent on the thickness of the thermally grown SiO2 layer. Two different chemical states of adsorbed carbon atoms, the population of which depends on the amount of the Pd deposited, are observed in the C (1s) spectra of adsorbed CO. Adsorption activity of Pd clusters does not depend on whether n- or p-type Si is used. Comparison of the experimental Pd/CO concentration ratios with those calculated assuming several different modes of the Pd growth on SiO2/Si points to the pseudo-Stranski-Krastanow mode (flat clusters with incomplete condensation of the first layer) at 300 K. Changes in charge balance across the Pd/SiO2/Si interface caused by CO adsorption are discussed in terms of the surface photovoltage effect and work function variation.

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20

Singh, Vinod, Shivani Dhall, Akshey Kaushal, and Bodh R. Mehta. "Room temperature response and enhanced hydrogen sensing in size selected Pd-C core-shell nanoparticles: Role of carbon shell and Pd-C interface." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43, no. 2 (January 2018): 1025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.11.143.

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21

Babu, Srinivasarao Arulananda, and Arup Dalal. "Pd(II)-Catalyzed Directing-Group-Aided C–H Arylation and Alkylation of Pyrene Core: Synthesis of C1,C2- and C1,C10-Disubstituted Pyrene Motifs." Synthesis 53, no. 18 (March 31, 2021): 3307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1472-0881.

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Анотація:

AbstractWe report the application of the Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing-group-aided C–H arylation/alkylation tactics to functionalize the pyrene core, especially, the relatively inaccessible C2 and K-region C10 positions of the pyrene core and augmentation of the library of pyrene derivatives with C1,C2- and C1,C10-disubstituted pyrene motifs. The Pd(II)-catalyzed β-C–H arylation/alkylation of the C2-position of pyrene-1-carboxamide possessing an 8-aminoquinoline directing group yielded various C1,C2-disubstituted pyrenes. Similarly, the Pd(II)-catalyzed selective γ-C–H arylation/alkylation of the C10-position of N-(pyren-1-yl)picolinamide, possessing a picolinamide directing group, yielded various C1,C10-disubstituted pyrenes. Examples of C(9)–H arylation of pyrene-1-carboxamide and the removal of the directing group after the C–H arylation/alkylation reactions were also shown. The structures of representative pyrene derivatives were confirmed by the X-ray structure analysis. Given the importance of the pyrene derivatives in various fields of chemical sciences, this report is a contribution towards augmentation of the library of pyrene derivatives with C1,C2- and C1,C10-disubstituted pyrene amide motifs.

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22

Bastl, Zdeněk. "X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Palladium Dispersed on Carbon Surfaces Modified by Ion Beams and Plasmatic Oxidation." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 60, no. 3 (1995): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19950383.

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Анотація:

The effects of ion bombardment and r.f. plasma oxidation of graphite surfaces on subsequent growth and electronic properties of vacuum deposited palladium clusters have been investigated by methods of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy with X-ray excitation (XAES). Due to the significantly increased density of surface defects on which the nucleation process occurs the bulk value of the Pd 3d core level binding energy is achieved at higher surface coverage by palladium on bombarded surfaces than on ordered graphite. Angle resolved photoelectron spectra of oxidized graphite surfaces reveal significant embedding of oxygen in graphite surface layers. The C 1s and O 1s photoelectron spectra are consistent with presence of two major oxygen species involving C-O and C=O type linkages which are not homogeneously distributed within the graphite surface layers. Two effects were observed on oxidized surfaces: an increase of palladium dispersion and interaction of the metal clusters with surface oxygen groups. Using the simple interpretation of the modified Auger parameter the relaxation and chemical shift contributions to the measured Pd core level shifts are estimated. In the region of low surface coverage by palladium the effect of palladium-oxygen interaction on Pd core level binding energy exceeds the effects of increased dispersity.

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23

Liu, Huiyuan, Yujiang Song, Shushuang Li, Jia Li, Yuan Liu, Ying-Bing Jiang, and Xinwen Guo. "Synthesis of core/shell structured Pd3Au@Pt/C with enhanced electrocatalytic activity by regioselective atomic layer deposition combined with a wet chemical method." RSC Advances 6, no. 71 (2016): 66712–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra04990g.

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Анотація:

Core/shell structured Pd₃Au@Pt/C created by regioselective atomic layer deposition combined with a wet chemical method demonstrates improved electrocatalytic activity toward formic acid oxidation and oxygen reduction compared with commercial Pt/C.

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24

Noh, Sungmin, and Jun Ho Shim. "Asymmetric Au-core Pd-shell nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide for enhanced electrocatalytic activity." RSC Advances 6, no. 87 (2016): 84334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra19155j.

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25

Wu, Xingqiao, Qingfeng Xu, Yucong Yan, Jingbo Huang, Xiao Li, Yi Jiang, Hui Zhang, and Deren Yang. "Enhanced oxygen reduction activity of Pt shells on PdCu truncated octahedra with different compositions." RSC Advances 8, no. 61 (2018): 34853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07415a.

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26

Xiao, Xiangyun, Euiyoung Jung, Sehyun Yu, Hyeonjin Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Kwan-Young Lee, Jae-Pyoung Ahn, Taeho Lim, Jinheung Kim, and Taekyung Yu. "Facile Aqueous–Phase Synthesis of Pd–FePt Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Methanol Oxidation Reaction." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010130.

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Анотація:

Multi-metallic Pd@FePt core–shell nanoparticles were synthesized using a direct seed-mediated growth method, consisting of facile and mild procedures, to increase yield. The Fe/Pt ratio in the shell was easily controlled by adjusting the amount of Fe and Pt precursors. Furthermore, compared with commercial Pt/C catalysts, Pd@FePt nanoparticles exhibited excellent activity and stability toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), making them efficient in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).

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27

Li, Fuchong, Yansheng Liu, Tianqiong Ma, Dianhong Xu, Xu Li, and Guangbi Gong. "Catalysis of the hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorophenol and the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by Pd/Fe3O4@C." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 10 (2017): 4014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nj04045d.

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28

Liu, Kendrick X., X. Zhang, Robert E. Stahlbush, Marek Skowronski, and Joshua D. Caldwell. "Differences in Emission Spectra of Dislocations in 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers." Materials Science Forum 600-603 (September 2008): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.600-603.345.

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Анотація:

Material defects such as Si-core and C-core partial dislocations (PDs) and threading screw dislocations (TSDs) and threading edge dislocations (TEDs) are being investigated for their contributions to device performances in 4H-SiC. Non-destructive electroluminescence and photoluminescence techniques can be powerful tools for examining these dislocations. In this report, these techniques were used to reveal the different spectral characteristics for the mentioned dislocations. At higher injection levels, both the Si-core and C-core PDs possessed a spectral peak at 700 nm. However, at lower injection levels, the spectral peak for the Si-core PD remained at 700 nm while the peak for the C-core moved to longer wavelengths. For the threading dislocations, TSDs possessed a peak between 800 and 850 nm while the TEDs possessed a peak at 600 nm independent of the injection levels.

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29

Bao, Chao, Lincheng Zhou, Yanming Shao, Qiong Wu, Junjun Ma, and He Zhang. "Palladium-loaded magnetic core–shell porous carbon nanospheres derived from a metal–organic framework as a recyclable catalyst." RSC Advances 5, no. 101 (2015): 82666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra17971h.

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Pd-loaded magnetic porous carbon nanospheres (Fe₃O₄@MC-Pd) were prepared by annealing Fe₃O₄@MIL-100/PdCl₂, which was fabricated through a facile one-pot solvothermal method, at 450 °C in nitrogen atmosphere.

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Wu, Yan Ni, Hai Fu Guo, Peng Hu, Xiao Peng Xiao, Zhao Wang Xiao, and Shi Jun Liao. "A Comparative Study on Ternary Low-Platinum Catalysts with Various Constructions for Oxygen Reduction and Methanol Oxidation Reactions." Nano 11, no. 07 (July 2016): 1650081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292016500818.

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Three types of ternary low-platinum nanocatalysts, alloy PdPtIr/C, core–shell PdPt@PtIr/C and Pd@PtIr/C, have been prepared, and their catalytic behaviors toward methanol oxidation reaction (MOR)/oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are comparatively investigated via cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analysis in an acidic medium. Through a two-step colloidal technique, the synthesized core–shell structured catalyst PtPd@PtIr/C with alloy core and alloy shell show the best catalytic activity toward MOR and the best poisoning tolerance. The alloy PdPtIr/C catalyst prepared via a one-step colloidal technique exhibits the best performance toward ORR among the three catalysts. All the three catalysts are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and other characterization techniques.

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Xiao, Weiping, Jing Zhu, Lili Han, Sufen Liu, Jie Wang, Zexing Wu, Wen Lei, Cuijuan Xuan, Huolin L. Xin, and Deli Wang. "Pt skin on Pd–Co–Zn/C ternary nanoparticles with enhanced Pt efficiency toward ORR." Nanoscale 8, no. 31 (2016): 14793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr03944h.

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Анотація:

Pd₈CoZn@Pt/C core-shell structure nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by using a simple impregnation-reduction and spontaneous displacement strategy, which exhibited ultra-high electrocatalytic activity and stability toward the ORR.

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Poggiolini, Ilaria, Daniel Erskine, Nishant N. Vaikath, Janarthanan Ponraj, Said Mansour, Christopher M. Morris та Omar M. A. El-Agnaf. "RT-QuIC Using C-Terminally Truncated α-Synuclein Forms Detects Differences in Seeding Propensity of Different Brain Regions from Synucleinopathies". Biomolecules 11, № 6 (31 травня 2021): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11060820.

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Aggregated α-synuclein (αSyn) protein is a core pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Both PD and DLB demonstrate the presence of diverse intracellular α-synuclein (αSyn) species, including C-terminally truncated αSyn (C-αSyn), although it is unknown how C-αSyn species contribute to disease progression. Using recombinant C-αSyn and PD and DLB brain lysates as seeds in the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, we explored how C-αSyn may be involved in disease stratification. Comparing the seeding activity of aqueous-soluble fractions to detergent-soluble fractions, and using αSyn 1-130 as substrate for the RT-QuIC assay, the temporal cortex seeds differentiated PD and DLB from healthy controls. In contrast to the temporal cortex, where PD and DLB could not be distinguished, αSyn 1-130 seeded by the detergent-soluble fractions from the PD frontal cortex demonstrated greater seeding efficiency compared to the DLB frontal cortex. Moreover, proteinase K-resistant (PKres) fragments from the RT-QuIC end products using C-αSyn 1-130 or C-αSyn 1-115 were more obvious in the frontal cortex compared to the temporal cortex. Morphological examinations of RT-QuIC end products showed differences in the size of the fibrils between C-αSyn 1-130 and C-αSyn 1-115, in agreement with the RT-QuIC results. These data show that C-αSyn species can distinguish PD from DLB and suggest diversity in αSyn species across these synucleinopathies, which could play a role in disease progression.

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Gürer, Emir, Kamil Klier, and Gary W. Simmons. "C(2×2) oxygen-induced core-level shifts and surface states of Pd(100)." Physical Review B 49, no. 20 (May 15, 1994): 14657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.49.14657.

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Yu, Jianyan, Li Yan, Gaomei Tu, Chunhui Xu, Xiangrong Ye, Yijun Zhong, Weidong Zhu, and Qiang Xiao. "Magnetically Responsive Core–Shell Pd/Fe3O4@C Composite Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde." Catalysis Letters 144, no. 12 (September 21, 2014): 2065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-014-1328-z.

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Kleinhenz, Matthew D., and Annette Wszelaki. "Yield and Relationships among Head Traits in Cabbage as Influenced by Planting Date and Cultivar. I. Fresh Market." HortScience 38, no. 7 (December 2003): 1349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.38.7.1349.

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Yield and relationships among head traits were recorded in order to better understand the effects of planting date and cultivar selection on crop quality characteristics and to help increase the efficiency of cultivar development, evaluation, and selection. A total of seven cultivars of fresh market-type cabbage (Brassica oleracea L., Capitata Group) were planted in May and June of 1999 and 2000 at the OARDC Vegetable Crops Research Branch in Fremont, Ohio. Total and marketable yield, head traits (e.g., size, weight, density), and core dimensions were recorded at harvest. Main effects of year (Y), planting date (PD), and cultivar (C) and the Y × C interaction significantly affected seven to 10 of 10 head and core traits. However, the PD × C interaction was significant for head density, the ratio of head polar and equatorial diameter, and core base width. The Y × PD interaction was significant for six of 10 head and core traits. May planting tended to result in greater yield and larger, heavier heads with greater polar/equatorial diameter values relative to June planting. However, head density was unaffected by planting date. The number of head and core traits affected by planting date differed among cultivars. For example, six of 10 head and core traits were significantly affected by planting date in `Cheers' and `DPSX315' while one trait was affected by planting date in `SuperElite Hybrid'. The weight of numerous, individual, market-ready, trimmed heads showed a strong (avg. R2 value = 0.92) quadratic relationship to average head diameter. These data suggest that large-scale germplasm evaluations may benefit by including multiple plantings, as head weight, volume, diameter, and shape were affected by planting date, possibly due to variation in temperature and rainfall patterns. The data also suggest that routine measurement of numerous head traits in the same evaluations may be unnecessary, as selected traits (e.g., diameter and weight, head volume, and core volume) were strongly related.

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Huang, Jing-Fang, and Po-Kai Tseng. "High performance layer-by-layer Pt3Ni(Pt-skin)-modified Pd/C for the oxygen reduction reaction." Chemical Science 9, no. 28 (2018): 6134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc01358f.

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Xiong, Yin, Yao Yang, Francis J. DiSalvo, and Héctor D. Abruña. "Pt-Decorated Composition-Tunable Pd–Fe@Pd/C Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Journal of the American Chemical Society 140, no. 23 (May 21, 2018): 7248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b03365.

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Cao, Weijie, Tomoki Uchiyama, Kentaro Yamamoto, Toshiyuki Matsunaga, Toshiharu Teranishi, Ryota Sato, Hideto Imai, Yoshiharu Sakurai, Yoichiro Tsuji, and Yoshiharu Uchimoto. "Operando X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopic Study on Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Mechanism of Novel Platinum-Based Nanostructured Catalysts." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 42 (October 9, 2022): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02421543mtgabs.

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Анотація:

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) have been developed for electric device applications such as fuel cell vehicles (FCV). PEFC cathode catalyst requires an excess Pt due to the degradation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity. Many research efforts aim to design Pt-based nanomaterials with controllable composition and structure to increase their activity while reducing the amount of Pt, like core-shell structure. The core-shell structure is obtained by Adzic’s method (Cu-UPD)1, where the underpotential deposition (UPD) of Cu mediator on Pt and the displacement of Cu mediator by Pt are conducted. This method requires the highly precise potential control for the UPD of Cu by means of potentiostats. In contrast, our previous research demonstrated the spontaneous two-step method (Galvanic cell) to synthesize spherical Pd@Pt core-shell catalyst without a special control of electrochemical equipment and reducing/stabilizing agents2. In this study, this Galvanic cell method was applied for Pd@Pt core-shell nanowire catalysts. Compared with the conventional Cu-UPD method, this method can synthesize the catalysts on a larger scale and form more uniform monolayer Pt shells, resulting in a higher ORR activity. Ultrathin Pd nanowires were prepared using surfactants as templates3. Briefly, palladium nitrate, ODA, and DTAB were dissolved in toluene under strong magnetic stirring. The mixture was placed in an inert atmosphere and sonicated for 20 min. NaBH4 was added to the above solution as a reducing agent. One hour later, the organic phase was recovered using distilled water and chloroform as extractants. After centrifugation, Pd nanowires can be obtained. After mixing the catalyst with carbon, the Pd/C powder is dispersed in the N2-saturated 0.01M CuSO4 and 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, with continual stirring. Then, a Cu wire is immersed in the above mixture2. Near 5 hours later, Cu wire is extracted, and successively N2-saturated 10 mM K2PtCl4 solution is added to the suspension to obtain Pd-nanowire@Pt/C. Electrochemical tests were performed in 0.1 M HClO4, and the catalyst ORR activity was evaluated at 0.9 V. XAS measurements of Pt L-edge were also performed under the same conditions. In contrast to the previously reported method (Cu-UPD)4, our proposed method does not require electrochemical equipment, or reducers/stabilizers, and uniform Pt shells in Pd-nanowire@Pt/C can be obtained. As shown in Figure 1, Core-shell catalysts have a lower white line intensity than Pt/C, meaning that they are more difficult to oxidize. The ligand effect causes surface Pt compression, and after calculating, the first-shell Pt-Pt bond length in the Pd-NW@Pt Gal. catalyst is shorter than that of the nanoparticle, which means a stable structure and less oxygen species generation. So, the catalysts synthesized using the Galvanic Cells method can provide higher ORR activity (specific activities: 0.8 mA/cm2 and mass activities: 1.3 A/mgPt) compared to the Cu-UPD method. Acknowledgement This work was supported by the project (JPNP20003) and a NEDO FC-Platform project commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). References; [1] Zhang, J.; Mo, Y.; Vukmirovic M. B.; Klie R; Sasaki K.; Adzic R R.; J. Phys. Chem. B 2004 108 (30), 10955-10964. [2] Wang, X.; Orikasa, Y.; Inaba, M.; Uchimoto, Y.; et al. ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 430– 434. [3] Teng, X.; Han, W.; Ku, W.; Hucker, M.; et al. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 2055– 2058. [4] Koenigsmann, C., Adzic, R. R.; et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011 , 133, 9783– 9795. Figure 1

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Xiong, Yalin, Yanling Ma, Junjie Li, Jingbo Huang, Yucong Yan, Hui Zhang, Jianbo Wu, and Deren Yang. "Strain-induced Stranski–Krastanov growth of Pd@Pt core–shell hexapods and octapods as electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation." Nanoscale 9, no. 31 (2017): 11077–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr02638b.

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Анотація:

Pd@Pt core–shell hexapods and octapods were generated through the strain-induced Stranski–Krastanov growth mechanism and the hexapods exhibited the substantially enhanced catalytic properties towards methanol oxidation relative to the octapods and commercial Pt/C.

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40

Høglend, P., H. S. Dahl, A. G. Hersoug, S. Lorentzen, and J. C. Perry. "Long-term effects of transference interpretation in dynamic psychotherapy of personality disorders." European Psychiatry 26, no. 7 (October 2011): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.05.006.

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AbstractBackgroundOnly a few treatment studies of personality disorders (PD) patients are on longer-term psychotherapy, general outcome measures are used, and follow-up periods are usually short. More studies of long-term therapies, using outcome measures of core psychopathology, are needed.MethodThis study is a dismantling randomized controlled clinical trial, specifically designed to study long-term effects of transference interpretation. Forty-six patients with mainly cluster C personality disorders were randomly assigned to 1 year of dynamic psychotherapy with or without transference interpretations. The outcome measures were remission from PD, improvement in interpersonal functioning, and use of mental health resources in the 3-year period after treatment termination.ResultsAfter therapy with transference interpretation PD-patients improved significantly more in core psychopathology and interpersonal functioning, the drop-out rate was reduced to zero, and use of health services was reduced to 50%, compared to therapy without this ingredient. Three years after treatment termination, 73% no longer met diagnostic criteria for any PD in the transference group, compared to 44% in the comparison group.ConclusionsPD-patients with co-morbid disorders improved in both treatment arms in this study. However, transference interpretation improved outcome substantially more. Long-term psychotherapy that includes transference interpretation is an effective treatment for cluster C personality disorders and milder cluster B personality disorders.

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Moussa, Jamal, Kamel Haddouche, Lise-Marie Chamoreau, Hani Amouri, and J. A. Gareth Williams. "New N^C^N-coordinated Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes of a tridentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligand featuring a 6-membered central ring: synthesis, structures and luminescence." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 32 (2016): 12644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt02415g.

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Анотація:

Photoluminescent pincer-like Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes with a rare tridentate N^C^N ligand with a six membered NHC central core are described. Solid-state packing exhibits M(ii)⋯M(ii) and π–π interactions.

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42

Parra, Micaela, Natalia Laufer, Julieta M. Manrique, Leandro R. Jones, and Jorge Quarleri. "Phylogenetic Diversity in Core Region of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1a as a Factor Associated with Fibrosis Severity in HIV-1-Coinfected Patients." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1728456.

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High hepatitis C virus (HCV) genetic diversity impacts infectivity/pathogenicity, influencing chronic liver disease progression associated with fibrosis degrees and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV core protein is crucial in cell-growth regulation and host-gene expression. Liver fibrosis is accelerated by unknown mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus-1- (HIV-1-) coinfected individuals. We aimed to study whether well-defined HCV-1a core polymorphisms and genetic heterogeneity are related to fibrosis in a highly homogeneous group of interferon-treated HIV-HCV-coinfected patients. Genetic heterogeneity was weighed by Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (PD), which has been little studied in HCV. Eighteen HCV/HIV-coinfected patients presenting different liver fibrosis stages before anti-HCV treatment-initiation were recruited. Sampling at baseline and during and after treatment was performed up to 72 weeks. At inter/intrahost level, HCV-1a populations were studied using molecular cloning and Sanger sequencing. Over 400 complete HCV-1a core sequences encompassing 573 positions of C were obtained. Amino acid substitutions found previously at positions 70 and 91 of HCV-1b core region were not observed. However, HCV genetic heterogeneity was higher in mild than in severe fibrosis cases. These results suggest a potential utility of PD as a virus-related factor associated with chronic hepatitis C progression. These observations should be reassessed in larger cohorts to corroborate our findings and assess other potential covariates.

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Singh, Vinod, B. R. Mehta, Saurabh K. Sengar, Olesia M. Karakulina, Joke Hadermann, and Akshey Kaushal. "Achieving independent control of core diameter and carbon shell thickness in Pd-C core–shell nanoparticles by gas phase synthesis." Nanotechnology 28, no. 29 (June 28, 2017): 295603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aa7660.

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Mahmoodi, Raana, Mina Chalani, Mir Ghasem Hosseini, and Masih Darbandi. "Novel electrocatalysts for borohydride fuel cells: enhanced power generation by optimizing anodic core–shell nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 28 (2020): 11974–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj01561j.

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45

Yao, Zhi Q., Ellis King, Deborah Prayther, Deling Yin, and Jonathan Moorman. "T Cell Dysfunction by Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein Involves PD-1/PDL-1 Signaling." Viral Immunology 20, no. 2 (June 2007): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vim.2006.0096.

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46

Kokko, K., M. Ropo, M. P. J. Punkkinen, P. Laukkanen, M. Alatalo, L. Vitos, J. Kollár, and B. Johansson. "Surface core-level shift of Pd at the AgcPd1−c(111) surface: Nonlinear subsurface effects." Surface Science 601, no. 23 (December 2007): 5419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2007.08.032.

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47

Zheng, Haitao, Mphoma S. Matseke, and Tshimangadzo S. Munonde. "The unique Pd@Pt/C core-shell nanoparticles as methanol-tolerant catalysts using sonochemical synthesis." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 57 (October 2019): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.05.023.

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Lu, Xueyi, Long Zheng, Mengshi Zhang, Haibo Tang, Xiuhua Li, and Shijun Liao. "Synthesis of Core-shell Structured Ru@Pd/C Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of Formic Acid." Electrochimica Acta 238 (June 2017): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.115.

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49

Hosseini, M. G., and R. Mahmoodi. "Ni@M (M = Pt, Pd and Ru) core@shell nanoparticles on a Vulcan XC-72R support with superior catalytic activity toward borohydride oxidation: electrochemical and fuel cell studies." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 22 (2017): 13408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj02585h.

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Korolenko, T. A., A. B. Shintyapina, V. M. Belichenko, A. B. Pupyshev, A. A. Akopyan, L. A. Fedoseeva, G. S. Russkikh, et al. "Early Parkinson’s Disease-Like Pathology in a Transgenic Mouse Model Involves a Decreased Cst3 mRNA Expression But Not Neuroinflammatory Response in the Brain." Medical University 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/medu-2020-0008.

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AbstractPathological aggregation and accumulation of α-synuclein in neurons play a core role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) while its overexpression is a common PD model. Autophagy-lysosomal pathways are general intraneural mechanisms of protein clearance. Earlier a suppressed autophagy in the brain of young transgenic mice overexpressing the А53Т-mutant human α-synuclein (mut(PD)) was revealed. Previous studies have recognized that Cystatin C displays protective activity against neurodegeneration. This cysteine protease inhibitor attracts particular attention as a potential target for PD treatment related to autophagy modulation. Here we evaluated the mRNA levels of Cst3 encoding Cystatin C in different brain structures of 5 m.o. mut(PD) mice at standard conditions and after the chronic treatment with a neuroprotective agent, ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg, 36 days). The inflammatory markers, namely, microglial activation by IBA1 expression and mRNA levels of two chitinases genes (Chit1, Chia1), were also assessed but no significant difference was found between control and transgenic mice. Cst3 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in the striatum and amygdala in the transgenic PD model. Furthermore, this was associated with autophagy decline and might be added to early signs of synucleinopathy development. We first demonstrated the modulation of mRNA levels of Cst3 and autophagy marker Becn1 in the brain by ceftriaxone treatment. Taken together, the results support the potential of autophagy modulation through Cystatin C at early stages of PD-like pathology.

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