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1
Qian, Hangguan, and Lin You. "A Multipath Payment Scheme Supporting Proof of Payment." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (January 4, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9911915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Blockchain technology has always been plagued by performance problems. Given this problem, many scaling schemes have been put forward. A layer 2 network is a technology that solves the performance problem of blockchain. Connected parties in this network can set up channels to send digital currency to each other. Since the interaction with the blockchain is only required when the channel is established and closed, a large number of transactions do not need to be recorded on the blockchain, thus reducing the blockchain capacity. Due to the special structure of the payment channel, the distribution of funds in the channel is often unbalanced, which limits the route payment to a certain extent. This paper improves the original payment method in the second layer network by introducing new scripts. The new payment scheme supports proof of payment which is integral to the nature of the lightning network and divides the payment into several subpayments, so the large payment can be divided into relatively small payments. Due to the capacity limitation of the payment channel, theoretically, the success rate of the micropayment route is higher. This paper tests the new payment scheme on the simulated network and validates the nature of this solution to have a high routing success rate while supporting proof of payment.
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Kemal Akkaya, Suat Mercan, and Enes Erdin. "An evaluation of cryptocurrency payment channel networks and their privacy implications." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/clbl7402.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cryptocurrencies redefined how money can be stored and transferred among users. However, public blockchain-based cryptocurrencies suffer from high transaction waiting times and fees. To address these challenges, the payment channel network concept is touted as the most viable solution to be used for micro-payments. The idea is exchanging the ownership of money by keeping the state of the accounts locally which provides transaction approvals in seconds. Such attention on payment channel networks has inspired many recent studies that focus on how to design them and allocate channels such that the transactions will be secure and efficient. However, as payment channel networks are emerging and reaching a large number of users, privacy issues are becoming more relevant, this raises concerns about exposing not only individual habits but also businesses' revenues. In this paper, we first propose a categorization of the existing payment networks formed on top of blockchain-backed cryptocurrencies. After discussing several emerging attacks on user/business privacy in these payment channel networks, we qualitatively evaluate them based on a number of privacy metrics that relate to our case. Based on the discussions on the strengths and weaknesses of the approaches, we offer possible directions for research for the future of privacy based payment channel networks.
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Umare, Sanjana S., and Prof Ms Santoshi Pote. "Cryptocurrency based Payment channel for Edge/ IoT devices." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2865–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41787.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Due to the potential applications in a range of industries, blockchain-based cryptocurrencies have recently gained a lot of attention worldwide. One of these applications is in the domain of the Internet of Things. With B-IoT i.e. merging Blockchain with IoT, we aim to utilize the power of cryptocurrencies without jeopardising payment security, privacy, or long transaction period. On the other hand, traditional payment modes and methods are hampered by relatively lengthy complex process fees making them vulnerable to physical cash exchange thefts. This makes the process of transferring assets complex. By developing a payment channel network, we propose an entirely new and unique model to address these concerns by allowing nodes to build payment channels between themselves without needing to write to the network and benefit us from payment networks like blockchain. Payment channel networks have an exceptional set of characteristics regarding routing complexity. In this study, we describe a detailed analysis of a payment channel network design that will help us make the transaction process through the edge and IoT systems a lot faster and more accessible. Furthermore, there are various references which show that using edge-IoT devices to connect nodes greatly improves the success and efficiency rate. Index Terms: Cryptocurrency, Blockchain, Edge and IoT devices, Payment channel network, Security, Ethereum.
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Burchert, Conrad, Christian Decker, and Roger Wattenhofer. "Scalable funding of Bitcoin micropayment channel networks." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (August 2018): 180089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180089.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Bitcoin network has scalability problems. To increase its transaction rate and speed, micropayment channel networks have been proposed; however, these require to lock funds into specific channels. Moreover, the available space in the blockchain does not allow scaling to a worldwide payment system. We propose a new layer that sits in between the blockchain and the payment channels. The new layer addresses the scalability problem by enabling trustless off-blockchain channel funding. It consists of shared accounts of groups of nodes that flexibly create one-to-one channels for the payment network. The new system allows rapid changes of the allocation of funds to channels and reduces the cost of opening new channels. Instead of one blockchain transaction per channel, each user only needs one transaction to enter a group of nodes—within the group the user can create arbitrarily many channels. For a group of 20 users with 100 intra-group channels, the cost of the blockchain transactions is reduced by 90% compared to 100 regular micropayment channels opened on the blockchain. This can be increased further to 96% if Bitcoin introduces Schnorr signatures with signature aggregation.
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Ahmet Kurt, Suat Mercan, Enes Erdin, and Kemal Akkaya. "3-of-3 multisignature approach for enabling lightning network micro-payments on IoT devices." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 2, no. 5 (July 23, 2021): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/wzpc8083.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bitcoin's success as a cryptocurrency enabled it to penetrate into many daily life transactions. Its problems regarding the transaction fees and long validation times are addressed through an innovative concept called the Lightning Network (LN) which works on top of Bitcoin by leveraging off-chain transactions. This made Bitcoin an attractive micropayment solution that can also be used within certain IoT applications (e.g., toll payments) since it eliminates the need for traditional centralized payment systems. Nevertheless, it is not possible to run LN and Bitcoin on resource-constrained IoT devices due to their storage, memory, and processing requirements. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an efficient and secure protocol that enables an IoT device to use LN's functions through a gateway LN node even if it is not trusted. The idea is to involve the IoT device only in signing operations, which is possible by replacing LN's original 2-of-2 multisignature channels with 3-of-3 multisignature channels. Once the gateway is delegated to open a channel for the IoT device in a secure manner, our protocol enforces the gateway to request the IoT device's cryptographic signature for all further operations on the channel such as sending payments or closing the channel. LN's Bitcoin transactions are revised to incorporate the 3-of-3 multisignature channels. In addition, we propose other changes to protect the IoT device's funds from getting stolen in possible revoked state broadcast attempts. We evaluated the proposed protocol using a Raspberry Pi considering a toll payment scenario. Our results show that timely payments can be sent and the computational and communication delays associated with the protocol are negligible.
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Zhang, Yanjun. "Research on Multiparty Payment Technology Based on Blockchain and Smart Contract Mechanism." Journal of Mathematics 2022 (February 21, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3434954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a peer-to-peer “P2P” distributed ledger, the blockchain has the advantages of decentralization, no trust, open autonomy, and nontampering. Therefore, many users are willing to conduct transactions in blockchain cryptocurrency systems such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. However, the throughput of traditional blockchain is extremely low, and the transaction is so delayed. The payment channel network is the most promising solution to expand the blockchain for widespread use. Achieving secure instant payment on the payment channel can significantly increase transaction throughput and reduce transaction delays. When the payment channel is closed, the balance in the channel will be returned to an account on the blockchain. In this paper, we discuss the design and the implementation of a multiparty payment channel network based on smart contracts. Where a two-party payment channel is designed based on blockchain and smart contracts, a new multiparty payment channel is established on the basis of the payment channel. A detailed definition and description are given, and the creation, update, and closing functions of the multiparty payment channel are designed. Moreover, we design a multiparty payment channel smart contract, deploy it to the local private blockchain, and conduct simulation and testing. The delay time of different transaction methods is counted, and the network topology type, transaction amount, and other factors are studied. The impact of transaction success rate and the gas consumption of different transaction methods are analyzed through multiple sets of experimental statistics.
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He, Fu Bao, Yi Lai Zhang, and Yi Huang. "Research and Design of Ceramic E-Commerce Dual-Channel Collaborative Distribution System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 220-223 (November 2012): 2375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.220-223.2375.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the rapid development of the network information technology and logistics processing technology, the information and services are changing the people’s lifestyle, and meanwhile, exerting an influence on the sales channel. Many manufacturers are developing the network sales channel actively and selling products through the traditional channel at the same time. If manufacturers set the network sales channels incorrectly, or implement the network direct distribution thoughtlessly, it will cause the distributors’ boycott in the traditional distribution channel. Based on the existing ceramic e-commerce platform, this paper tries to develop the real dual-channel collaborative distribution system for the ceramic manufacturers. Through the system, the traditional distributors can join the network distribution channel, and sell products with dual-channel: one is the physical store sales channel after the products are delivered from the manufacturer using online procurement and payment; the other is the non-inventory network sales channel after the customers order and pay, then the manufacturer delivers to the customer directly according to the distributor’s virtual online procurement. Through the system, the ceramic manufacturer can maintain the traditional distribution channel, broaden the network distribution channel and develop the network distributors only using the non-inventory network sales model, and realize the collaborative distribution management in the traditional and the network distribution channel.
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Erdin, Enes, Mumin Cebe, Kemal Akkaya, Eyuphan Bulut, and Selcuk Uluagac. "A scalable private Bitcoin payment channel network with privacy guarantees." Journal of Network and Computer Applications 180 (April 2021): 103021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2021.103021.
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Nowostawski, Mariusz, and Jardar Tøn. "Evaluating Methods for the Identification of Off-Chain Transactions in the Lightning Network." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122519.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Payment channels and off-chain transactions are used to address blockchain scalability. Those mechanisms rely on the blockchain proper, as the resolution mechanism. They allow for high transaction throughput due to the pure peer-to-peer nature of the transaction exchange that happens directly between the peers, without the involvement of the blockchain transactions. The transactions are not mediated through the blockchain but happen off-chain. The transactions in such overlay networks are not included in the blockchain, they nevertheless leave some data traces in a public ledger. We have used the Bitcoin mainnet and testnet blockchains together with the Lightning network node to explore what can be inferred from the underlying blockchain in the context of Lightning transactions, channel setup, and channel teardown. The main purpose of this study is to identify what methods, transaction signatures, and data can be used to understand the non-visible publicly off-chain transactions. We have proposed heuristics for identifying the setup and teardown transactions, quantified and analyzed the effectiveness of our proposed methods. Using the data from the Bitcoin blockchain, as well as the data from the Lightning network to link related information we have found when parsing the blockchain, we generate network graph representations showing the relationships between the Lightning network channels identified on the blockchain. This study is significant from the personal data and privacy perspectives, as well as from forensics. We have established that at least 75% of all P2WSH transactions are Lightning transactions, and some of the channels can be deduced from the blockchain analysis. The synthesized results demonstrate that our methods are viable for identifying a subset of transactions and that only partial topology of the payment channels can be obtained from the data left in the blockchain.
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Zhang, Zehua, and Jia Peng. "Research on the Sales Strategy of Online Brand Owners Expanding to Offline Channels Based on The Online Agent Mode." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 7, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v7i2.4895.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper studies the supply chain system composed of online brand owners based on pure network sales to offline expansion, takes the single network channel model, establishes two dual-channel structure models of offline direct selling model and offline distribution model, and compares and analyzes the influence of different channel structures on the pricing, demand and optimal profit of supply chain members. Research shows that online brands in the offline sales development strategy choice and open offline stores fixed cost and consumer channel preference, when open offline stores fixed cost is very low, or when the fixed cost centered and consumer offline channel preference over a certain threshold, the optimal strategy for offline direct sales model, otherwise for offline distribution model. In order to improve the cooperation efficiency of the supply chain members in the offline distribution model, a bilateral contract mechanism is designed to coordinate the supply chain. When the fixed transfer payment fee is within a certain range, the mechanism can optimize the members of the supply chain and the overall profit.
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Shcherbak, Ann, Andrii Astrakhantsev, Oleh Shcherbak, and Halyna Liashenko. "Study of the noise immunity of biometric templates to external influences during transmission by mobile networks." Problemi telekomunìkacìj, no. 1(26) (December 11, 2020): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/pt.2020.1.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the study of the immunity of biometric templates to interference and fading during transmission over the LTE network. The widespread use of remote biometric authentication systems, primarily in remote mobile payment systems, determines the relevance of the chosen topic, and the development of mobile networks, and, first of all, the use of technologies that are more protected from attacks like LTE increases its practical focus. However, when authentication information is transmitted, even over a secure channel, it can be subject to interference and fading. That is why it is important to study their impact on the integrity of the biometric template that will be used to authenticate the user in the system. The paper analyzes the dependence of the quality of the authentication system on the parameters of the mobile communication channel (bit error rate, signal-to-noise ratio) and the parameters of the mobile device that transmits information (MIMO scheme, code rate, modulation scheme), which improves the quality of the remote biometric authentication systems by reasonably choosing the transmission parameters and taking into account the parameters of the communication channel.
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Kong, Lingcheng, Zhiyang Liu, Yafei Pan, Jiaping Xie, and Guang Yang. "Pricing and service decision of dual-channel operations in an O2O closed-loop supply chain." Industrial Management & Data Systems 117, no. 8 (September 11, 2017): 1567–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-12-2016-0544.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The online direct selling mode has been widely accepted by enterprises in the O2O era. However, the dual-channel (online/offline, forward/backward) operations of the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) changed the relationship between manufacturers and retailers, thus resulting in channel conflict. The purpose of this paper is to take a dual-channel operations of CLSC as the research target, where a manufacturer sells a single product through a direct e-channel as well as a conventional retail channel; the retailer are responsible for collecting used products in the reverse supply chain and the manufacturer are responsible for remanufacturing. Design/methodology/approach The authors build a benchmark model of dual-channel price and service competition and take the return rate, which is considered to be related to the service level of the retailer, as the function of the service level to extend the model in the reverse SC. The authors then analyze the optimal pricing and service decision under centralization and decentralization, respectively. Finally, with the revenue-sharing factor, wholesale price and recycling price transfer payment coefficient as contract parameters, the paper also designs a revenue-sharing contract led by the manufacturer and explores in what situation the contract could realize the Pareto optimization of all players. Findings In the baseline model, the results show that optimal price and service level correlate positively in centralization; however, the relation relies on consumers’ price sensitivity in decentralization. In the extension model, the relationship between price and service level also relies on the relative value of increased service cost and remanufacturing saved cost. When the return rate correlates with the service level, a recycling transfer payment can elevate the service level and thus raise the return rate. Through analyzing the parameters in revenue-sharing contract, a point can be reached where lowering the wholesale price and raising the transfer payment coefficient will promote retailers to share revenue. Practical implications Many enterprises establish the dual-channel distribution system both online and offline, which need to understand how to resolve their channel conflict. The conflict is especially strong in CLSC with remanufacturing. The result helps the node enterprises realize the coordination of the dual-channel CLSC. Originality/value It takes into account the fact that there are two complementary relationships, such as online selling and offline delivery; used product recycling and remanufacturing. The authors optimize the strategy of product pricing and service level in order to solve channel conflict and double marginalization in the closed-loop dual-channel distribution network.
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López, Lorena Herrera. "A Closer Look at Direct Carrier Billing." International Journal of Online Marketing 10, no. 4 (October 2020): 18–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijom.2020100102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The impulse to digitalization by telecom operators requires the commercialization of over-the-top services (OTT) based on the fine understanding and prediction of customer behaviour through pattern recognition involving big data, resulting in an essential part of web analytics and digital marketing. The objective of this research is to analyse factors influencing the purchase and use of a mobile game commercialized by a mobile network operator (MNO), through different digital marketing channels and using direct carrier billing (DCB) as payment channel. The novelty contribution of this study is twofold. Firstly, it assesses determinants related to the purchase and use of a mobile service through the analysis of variables identified in the scientific literature's review. In addition, it also incorporates a set of variables based on data retrieved from big data analytics. Secondly, this research analyses the willingness of consumers to pay through DCB.
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Ma, Zhuojia, Yingqing Wang, Jiawei Li, and Yang Liu. "A Blockchain Based Privacy-Preserving Incentive Mechanism for Internet of Vehicles in Satellite-Terrestrial Crowdsensing." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4036491.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Crowdsensing has been a popular technology recently and has broad application prospects. The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) refers to the effective utilization of static and dynamic information on the network platform through electronic equipment loaded on vehicles and wireless technology, which means there are many devices generating a huge amount of worthy data. However, preserving the privacy of workers and incentivizing them should be concerned. To this end, we apply the satellite-terrestrial system to solve the communication limitation among vehicles. We propose to use blockchain to act as the channel that requesters and vehicles communicate in. Smart contracts are the main designable parts to do the interactions among the participants. Blockchain is tightly related to payment, so that we implement a total payment minimized auction algorithm on it. We carry out extensive simulations and run an experiment on blockchain to find the auction can be implemented as a smart contract and achieve privacy protection.
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Heggde, Githa. "Strategies for Sustainable Channel Relations in Mobile Telecom Sector." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 1, no. 1 (January 15, 2011): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v1i1.216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The telecom sector in India largely comprises of wireless connections for phones. As of today, there are approximately 21 network providers in the country with about 7 per each circle, each offering competitive pricing to the consumers. The main objective of the study is to provide an accurate role for the company executive in developing channel relations. Further to this, the study explores the strategies which can sustain a good working relationship between the company and its channel members in the mobile telecom sector. The constructs identified for developing sustainable relationships were Setting distribution objectives, Channel design, Logistics, Image Building, Inventory management, Channel management, Payment & credit, Promotional assistance, Setting targets, Coverage frequency , Motivating channel members to perform. The sample selected contained distributors from the Mobile telecom sector and company executives/channel managers of leading telecom companies. Factor analysis and Friedman’s test was applied. The findings revealed a correlation in attitude between distributors and the executives. Motivating distributors was rated as the most important strategy by the company. The distributors felt that all channel partners needed to have positive attitude towards the channel while company executives felt that aggression made channel members perform effectively. Such findings will be of use to mobile telecom companies who are new entrants to the Indian market and to existing companies who plan to expand their coverage.
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Luo, Ning. "Innovation of E-Commerce Development Model under the Background of Artificial Intelligence and Wireless Communication." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (May 5, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8572911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
E-commerce refers to the business operation and profit model based on the network environment. Studying the e-commerce model will help to tap the development potential of e-commerce, innovate the content and form of e-commerce, and also help e-commerce companies expand marketing channels and improve sales capabilities. There are many types of e-commerce models, such as BtoB, BtoC, and CtoC, as well as new models such as BtoQ and BtoB. With the development of wireless communications and artificial intelligence, the market scale of e-commerce has gradually expanded, and e-commerce has become a mainstream consumer channel for people. Promoting the development of e-commerce is an issue that e-commerce companies need to pay attention to. This article uses questionnaire surveys and case analysis methods to study e-commerce companies. The results show that the e-commerce market is huge, but the traditional e-commerce model also has a series of problems. It also proposes innovative paths for e-commerce development models, such as logistics acceleration, brand innovation, and payment method innovation, which have important reference significance for the development of e-commerce enterprises. It is suggested that different types of enterprises combine their own comprehensive strength and actual needs to choose e-commerce development strategies suitable for their own development, so as to achieve sustainable development.
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Kulkarni, Samarth, Anupama S. Nandeppanavar, and Medha Kudari. "Congregation of News in a Digitized World Using News Angle." Journal of Computer Science Engineering and Software Testing 8, no. 3 (November 10, 2022): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jocses.2022.v08i03.004.
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Technology is rapidly growing and fast and instant network connections have changed life. The use of mobile, tablets, and laptops are increasing. In this fast and information-oriented world, we need to stay updated with every incident and news. The NewsAngle app is an android mobile application where users have access to the latest news from the Admin app. The application has focused on the existing system and tried to solve problems such as the improvised notification system, news with tags, and live news channel option using youtube APIs. A payment gateway is integrated into the system which will help to alter the users into two separate categories like paid and free users. Android studio used in applications supports programming languages like Java, Kotlin, and XML (Extensible Markup Language). The drag-and-drop feature for the user interface and the java code auto-completion feature for the backend have made android studio easy to use. The main focus of the application is to connect news articles from all around the world and deliver to them to users as fast as possible. It provides automation, immediacy, adaption, and personalization. The Application provides information about the stock market, mutual funds, and cryptocurrency. The user can see share market values and live television channels which are displayed in the application.
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van Dam, Gijs, and Rabiah Abdul Kadir. "Hiding payments in lightning network with approximate differentially private payment channels." Computers & Security 115 (April 2022): 102623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2022.102623.
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Li, Shanshen, and Xin Jing. "Intelligent Digital Currency and Dynamic Coding Service System Based on Internet of Things Technology." Complexity 2020 (December 22, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6647039.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The amazing rise of digital currency is not only favored by investors but also attractive to lawbreakers for its anonymity and decentralization. This paper mainly discusses the intelligent digital currency and dynamic coding service system based on Internet of Things technology. In this paper, the RDCAR algorithm is used to realize the routing discovery process of the wireless network. When the intermediate node receives the RREQ message, first of all, to avoid the loop, it checks whether the same RREQ message has been introduced. If it has received it, it will discard it. Otherwise, it will cache the message and attach its own neighbor node list to the signal-to-noise ratio of the channel link, update the RREQ message, and broadcast it. The payment cipher is managed by the bank. When the user opens an account, the bank registers and sends it to the user. The key is generated by the algorithm chip, and the public key is kept in the bank background server. When the bill is delivered to the bank, the bank inputs all the elements on the bill on the counter terminal and transmits it to the verification machine for verification through the bank network. If the verification is correct, it indicates that the bill is indeed issued by the customer, and all bill elements are correct, and payment can be made. The node operation protocol of public chain and alliance chain maintains the operation of the Internet of Things system. The nodes of alliance chain generate new blocks according to the interval of 30 s. When the node fails to complete the block generation within 30 s, it will rotate to the next node. The mkfile command is used to generate 16b, 1 KB, 1 MB, and 1 GB files as input. The peak speed of the encoding service system is about 370 mb/s. The results show that the system designed in this study is robust and suitable for complex trading environment.
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Hu, Zhengbing, Ivan Dychka, Mykola Onai, and Yuri Zhykin. "Blind Payment Protocol for Payment Channel Networks." International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security 11, no. 6 (June 8, 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2019.06.03.
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Lekhovych, A., Ye Andrushchak, and M. Mrochko. "Challenges and prospects of virtual banking in Ukraine." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 73, no. 6 (2021): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.06.033.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The essence of banking business virtualization is considered in this paper. It is noted that this process is an automated delivery of new and traditional banking products and services directly to customers by means of electronic, interactive communication channels. At present, most experts consider virtual banking to be the most promising electronic channel for providing banking services, as it allows you to implement an effective marketing concept of «the bank that is always with you». Virtual banking provides a transition from the traditional way of personal communication of customers with the bank's representatives face-to-face indoors during working hours to remote by connecting to the network anywhere at any time (24 hours a day, seven days a week). Trends in the development of virtual banking are systematized and the key ones are: active use of P2P transfers and increase in the number of payment services for utility and other bills; the growing popularity of making payments using smartphone; support of a single standard for electronic remote identification of BankID customers by the National Bank; active development of P2P lending. Features of electronic identification of the person through Bank-ID which allows confirmation of the user identity, using his bank data, and to receive remote access to administrative, financial, and commercial services are considered. In order to use Bank-ID, simply enter the login and password of Internet banking, from which the government receive the necessary information (passport data, identification code, etc.). It is revealed that today more than 40 participants are connected to the BankID system of the NBU and some banks are still at the testing stage. The provisions of the NBU Fintech Development Strategy until 2025 are analyzed. The strategy defines the priorities and goals of the Ukrainian financial sector development until 2025. The main problems of the virtual banking development in Ukraine are highlighted and it is noted that the cost of digital transformation is the most important barrier to the introduction of new technologies and the transformation of traditional bank into virtual one. Based on the analysis, conclusions about the importance of the banking business virtualization, especially in the current pandemic Covid-19, are substantiated.
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Dinh, Thien-Nam, Florentin Rochet, Olivier Pereira, and Dan S. Wallach. "Scaling Up Anonymous Communication with Efficient Nanopayment Channels." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2020, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 175–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2020-0048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractTor, the most widely used and well-studied traffic anonymization network in the world, suffers from limitations in its network diversity and performance. We propose to mitigate both problems simultaneously through the introduction of a premium bandwidth market between clients and relays. To this end, we present moneTor: incentivizing nodes to join and support Tor by giving them anonymous payments from Tor users. Our approach uses efficient cryptographic nanopayments delivered alongside regular Tor traffic. Our approach also gives a degree of centralized control, allowing Tor’s managers to shape the economy created by these payments. In this paper, we present a novel payment algorithm as well as a data-driven simulation and evaluation of its costs and benefits. The results show that moneTor is both feasible and flexible, offering upwards of 100% improvements in differentiated bandwidth for paying users with near-optimal throughput and latency overheads.
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Ali, Mostafa A., Nazimah Hussin, and Ibtihal A. Abed. "Electronic Payment Systems: Architecture, Elements, Challenges and Security Concepts: An Overview." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 4826–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8395.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, the major aim is to investigate the heightened awareness regarding various electronic payment systems-related concepts in terms of their advantages, problems, and security issues. The payment processing system providers use software as a service (SaaS) model and with this model, they form a single payment channel to numerous payment methods for their clients. Users often give away their personal information such as names, card details, and so on whenever they go online to make any firm of payment. An online payment system is referred to a system that facilitates electronic money exchange. This form of payment typically involves the deployment of the Internet, computer networks, and other digital stored value systems. Collecting any form of payment over the internet implies that the user has accepted an online payment and must have shared some confidential information with the service provider. This paper embarks on a thorough review of all aspects of online/electronic payment with emphasis on the analysis of numerous studies on electronic payment systems. The latest studies have been explored to gain insight on the electronic payments systems.
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Henderi, Qurotul Aini, Danny Manongga, Irwan Sembiring, and Dwi Apriliasari. "Transformation of Payment in Education Use Bitcoin with Reduced Confirmation Times." Aptisi Transactions on Technopreneurship (ATT) 5, no. 1 (December 8, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/att.v5i1.285.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Significant changes in the financial system are prompted by the growth of the national economy, particularly as a form of payment. The means evolved from barter to things or commodities to metal and paper as the base materials for money before arriving at barter. With such significant changes, there is also a need for a transformation in the world of education in order to welcome technological advancements and one way to survive the changes in the increasingly rapid digital era. As the economic need increases, trade transaction methods shift from traditional to internet-based. One of the necessary international online payment options is bitcoin. For many applications where payments are modest and instantaneous approval is required, Bitcoin is inappropriate because of the high transaction fees and long confirmation periods. As a result, despite the introduction of numerous rival cryptocurrencies to address these problems, the Bitcoin network continues to be the most extensively used payment method. Unquestionably, new finding of this research that effectively address the problems of high transaction costs and transaction verification times are needed if the company is to benefit from its user network. The Lightning Network (LN), which makes use of off-chain bidirectional payment channels between participants, is one of the most recent payment network concepts to be proposed.
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Kraus, Kateryna, Nataliia Kraus, and Oleksandr Marchenko. "Management of BAIS: Technological Trends and Digital Initiatives 4.0." VUZF Review 6, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.38188/2534-9228.21.2.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Successful operation of modern banking institutions significantly depends on the use of the latest information and communication technologies in process management, from motivation and communication with staff, to remote control of banking operations. Purpose of scientific research is a study of the principles and features of banking automated information system in terms of implementation of the latest information and cloud technologies by banking institutions. The object of scientific research is banking automated information system of banking institutions. The result of the article: research proved that the creation and selection of banking automated information system of banking institution is based on the planning of all systems related to the functioning of the complete infrastructure of the bank, built on information technology; the causes and consequences of various risk situations by channels of their occurrence (information Web-site, e-mail, network systems, system failures, electronic payment systems and data transmission systems, electronic channel) in the banking sector as a result of using a bank automated information system are substantiated; key areas of banking automated information system and the elements of the system of risk situations that arise in the banking sector as a result of the use of banking automated information system are described; main requirements for information support of banking institution and the main criteria for choosing banking automated information system of a banking institution are identified. Practical implications: priority ways of overcoming the risks of introduction of banking automated information system are offered, taking into account the scope and spread of risks. At the same time, the methods of providing cloud services used by banking institutions were evaluated. Value/originality: the introduction of a banking automated information system of a banking institution today is impossible without the use of cloud technologies (infrastructure as a service – IaaS, software as a service – SaaS, platform as a service – PaaS), each of which has a number of strengths and weaknesses.
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Zhang, Yuhui, and Dejun Yang. "RobustPay+: Robust Payment Routing With Approximation Guarantee in Blockchain-Based Payment Channel Networks." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 29, no. 4 (August 2021): 1676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2021.3069725.
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Papadis, Nikolaos, and Leandros Tassiulas. "Blockchain-Based Payment Channel Networks: Challenges and Recent Advances." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 227596–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3046020.
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Mercan, Suat, Enes Erdin, and Kemal Akkaya. "Improving transaction success rate in cryptocurrency payment channel networks." Computer Communications 166 (January 2021): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.12.009.
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Tang, Weizhao, Weina Wang, Giulia Fanti, and Sewoong Oh. "Privacy-Utility Tradeoffs in Routing Cryptocurrency over Payment Channel Networks." Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems 4, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3392147.
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Tang, Weizhao, Weina Wang, Giulia Fanti, and Sewoong Oh. "Privacy-Utility Tradeoffs in Routing Cryptocurrency over Payment Channel Networks." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 48, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3410048.3410095.
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Luo, Xiaofei, and Peng Li. "LEAF: Let’s Efficiently Make Adaptive Forwarding in Payment Channel Networks." IEEE Access 11 (2023): 4194–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3235828.
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Kovalchuk, V. P., T. V. Matіash, V. V. Knysh, O. P. Voitovich, and A. V. Kruchenyuk. "INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) APPLICATIONS USING THE LORAWAN PROTOCOL FOR MONITORING IRRIGATED LAND." Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник "Меліорація і водне господарство", no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/mivg201902-187.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article analyzes available information on the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for agriculture. It is pointed out that for large areas remote from cities and power supply sources for fields and farms, the construction of traditional communication channels is expensive enough, and classical mobile technologies for solving business problems are only partially suitable. Therefore, the article analyzes the practical approaches to using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor irrigated lands. The possibility of connecting soil moisture, temperature, pressure, direction and speed wind sensors based on LoRaWAN protocol to Internet gateways (base stations) without payment for cellular communication, additional power supply, deployment of complex Wi-Fi networks in the field was studied. Practical results on the characteristics of the sensors in the field, setting up a guaranteed LoRaWAN base station (gateway) connection, technical characteristics and causes of possible equipment malfunction were obtained. That is, the purpose of the study was to develop a budget solution for practical research and use of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol to monitor weather and soil moisture on irrigated lands. Among the main results of the study are the following. Equipment features and the specifics of sensors allocation and their terrain settings based on LoRaWAN protocol were studied, in particular: technical characteristics (operating frequencies, material, length, connection types and antenna placement height, radio signal transmission range and quality); use of different power sources (different types of batteries and solar panels surfaces); features of field operation (possible interference with radio signal propagation, dependence on the effect of pests, temperature fluctuations); encryption when exchanging data. A budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands was developed. A wireless monitoring network based on the LoRaWAN protocol was deployed in the irrigated fields of the SE ES of Askaniye of Kakhovsky District State in the Kherson region, consisting of 1 base station and 5 terminal units up to 2 km away. It was found that LoRa technology enables to control the channel expansion coefficient by determining the data transmitted over a period of time. It is determined that for the successful operation of wireless systems, an important issue is the proper radio planning and designing solutions for specific customer tasks. When deploying wireless networks, basic requirements for the reliability of the base stations and terminal units were identified and investigated. The developed budget solution for practical research and application of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol was compared with the Pessl Instruments GmbH and Davis Instruments Co brand developments to monitor weather, soil moisture on irrigated lands were. Among the most important findings are the development of a budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands consisting of 1 base station (gateway) of and 5 terminal units (monitoring stations). The coverage area of the base station with a base antenna for LoRaWAN was 0.6 km, with augmented and refined antenna - 2 km. Sensor data is advisable to transmit in 30-40 bytes per a send, with an expansion factor of SF = 12 without loss of quality. The best signal quality was ensured in the line of sight from the base station to the monitoring station.
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Boiko, Viktor. "CENTRAL BANKS DIGITAL CURRENCIES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY." Economics & Education 6, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2021-2-13.
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The article is devoted to the study of the main directions of research on the introduction of digital money of the world's leading central banks. The paper analyze the experience of the central banks of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in implementing a single digital dual-issue currency and cross-border payment system (Aber project). Also we found the Helvetia project, a joint experiment of the BIS Innovation Hub, SIX Group AG and the Swiss National Bank. The project provided issuance of a new wholesale digital currency by the central bank and can be classified as a private permissioned peer-to-peer network with hierarchical access to the ledger. Interesting for our study was the experience of creating a CBDC in Uruguay (E-Peso), where CBDC have been issued in form of unique digital banknotes of several denominations. The article considers the main prospects for the implementation of CBDC in Ukraine. The paper studies the use and legal status of electronic digital signatures in Ukraine. Today, only reporting to regulatory authorities and document flow between users is carried out using electronic digital signatures. CBDC and blockchain network can provide secure storage of information by data centers of regulatory authorities and a common operational space in the financial information channels. The blockchain network should be token-based, and service providers could use an account-based retail payment system. The article defines the main characteristics of token-based and account-based distributed ledgers. Attention is also paid to the anonymity of transactions in payment systems, protection of personal data and the cultural component of cash circulation. Most likely the introduction of CBDC will reduce the total amount of bank financing and banks need to consider how to respond to potential loss of deposit funding. The most likely changes associated with CBDC is the redistribution of profits that banks receive from cheap liabilities in favor of customers. This applies to the owners of operating accounts, on which banks usually charge symbolic interest and which users keep in a liquid form for making payments.
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Qin, Yi, Qin Hu, Dong-Xiao Yu, and Xiu-Zhen Cheng. "Generous or Selfish? Weighing Transaction Forwarding Against Malicious Attacks in Payment Channel Networks." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 37, no. 4 (July 2022): 888–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11390-022-2032-x.
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Chen, Chin-Ling, and Jyun-Jie Liao. "A fair online payment system for digital content via subliminal channel." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 10, no. 3 (May 2011): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2010.09.001.
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Lou, Menghui, Xiaolei Dong, Zhenfu Cao, and Jiachen Shen. "SESCF: A Secure and Efficient Supply Chain Framework via Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (January 15, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8884478.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The demands for the fairness, security, and efficiency of the supply chain have grown significantly due to the rise of globalization. However, some problems of the information flow, logistics, and capital flow in the supply chain remain a challenge, such as the information asymmetry between upstream and downstream, substandard quality of goods, difficulty in traceability, and default of payment. Therefore, this paper proposes a blockchain-based supply chain framework (SESCF), which solves the supply chain problems securely and efficiently. First, the use of blockchain and smart contracts ensures the information symmetry in the supply chain system. Second, the radio frequency identification (RFID) provides a unique identity of goods, which helps in real-time quality monitoring. Additionally, the immutability and distributed storage of the blockchain play an important role in tracking the origin of goods. Third, the efficient payment channel is used to solve the problem of payment defaults. Furthermore, simulations of smart contracts along with the security analyses are presented in this paper. We also implement a blockchain-based supply chain system (SescfDapp), which is built upon a Consortium blockchain. Large-scale experiments and detailed analysis prove the feasibility and efficiency of our proposed system.
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Mohanty, Susil Kumar, and Somanath Tripathy. "n-HTLC: Neo hashed time-Lock commitment to defend against wormhole attack in payment channel networks." Computers & Security 106 (July 2021): 102291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2021.102291.
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Kraft, Daniel. "Game Channels for Trustless Off-Chain Interactions in Decentralized Virtual Worlds." Ledger 1 (December 21, 2016): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ledger.2016.15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Blockchains can be used to build multi-player online games and virtual worlds that require no central server. This concept is pioneered by Huntercoin, but it leads to large growth of the blockchain and heavy resource requirements. In this paper, we present a new protocol inspired by payment channels and sidechains that allows for trustless off-chain interactions of players in private turn-based games. They are usually performed without requiring space in the public blockchain, but if a dispute arises, the public network can be used to resolve the conflict. We also analyze the resulting security guarantees and describe possible extensions to games with shared turns and for near real-time interaction. Our proposed concept can be used to scale Huntercoin to very large or even infinite worlds and to enable almost real-time interactions between players.
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Han, Catherine, Deepak Kumar, and Zakir Durumeric. "On the Infrastructure Providers That Support Misinformation Websites." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 16 (May 31, 2022): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19292.
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In this paper, we analyze the service providers that power 440 misinformation and hate sites, including hosting platforms, domain registrars, CDN providers, DDoS protection companies, advertising networks, donation processors, and e-mail providers. We find that several providers are disproportionately responsible for serving misinformation websites, most prominently Cloudflare. We further show that misinformation sites disproportionately rely on several popular ad networks and payment processors, including RevContent and Google DoubleClick. When misinformation websites are deplatformed by hosting providers, DDoS protection services, and registrars, sites nearly always resurface through alternative providers. However, anecdotally, we find that sites struggle to remain online when mainstream monetization channels are severed. We conclude with insights for infrastructure providers and researchers working to stem the spread of misinformation and hate content.
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Hu, Yingying, Ling Zhao, Sumeet Gupta, and Xiuhong He. "Understanding the dual role of habit in cross-channel context: an empirical analysis of mobile payment." International Journal of Mobile Communications 19, no. 5 (2021): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmc.2021.117388.
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He, Xiuhong, Sumeet Gupta, Yingying Hu, and Ling Zhao. "Understanding the dual role of habit in cross-channel context: an empirical analysis of mobile payment." International Journal of Mobile Communications 19, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmc.2021.10034125.
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Cavus, Nadire, Yakubu Bala Mohammed, Abdulsalam Ya’u Gital, Mohammed Bulama, Adamu Muhammad Tukur, Danlami Mohammed, Muhammad Lamir Isah, and Abba Hassan. "Emotional Artificial Neural Networks and Gaussian Process-Regression-Based Hybrid Machine-Learning Model for Prediction of Security and Privacy Effects on M-Banking Attractiveness." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 5826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105826.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With recent advances in mobile and internet technologies, the digital payment market is an increasingly integral part of people’s lives, offering many useful and interesting services, e.g., m-banking and cryptocurrency. The m-banking system allows users to pay for goods, services, and earn money via cryptotrading using any device such as mobile phones from anywhere. With the recent trends in global digital markets, especially the cryptocurrency market, m-banking is projected to have a brighter future. However, information stored or conveyed via these channels is more vulnerable to different security threats. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the influence of security and confidentiality on m-banking patronage using artificial intelligence ensemble methods (ANFIS, GPR, EANN, and BRT) for the prediction of safety and secrecy effects. AI models were trained and tested using 745 datasets obtained from the study areas. The results indicated that AI models predicted the influence of security with high precision (NSE > 0.95), with the GPR model outperformed the other models. The results indicated that security and privacy were key influential parameters of m-payment system patronage (m-banking), followed by service and interface qualities. Unlike previous m-banking studies, the study results showed ease of use and culture to have no influence on m-banking patronage. These study results would assist m-payment system stakeholders, while the approach may serve as motivation for researchers to use AI techniques. The study also provides directions for future m-banking studies.
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Davliatova, M. A. "SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS AND METHODS OF COMMUNICATION SERVICES QUALITY CONTROL." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 23, no. 4 (2021): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2021-23-4-35-44.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper is devoted to the analysis of known methods of communication servicesquality control, as well as presented innovative proposals developed by the author.: method of external quality control of services provided by the communication network (Patent for invention of the Russian Federation №2669535), aimed at solving a technical problem, which consists in presenting objective data on the quality of the provided services to consumers of communication services without their interference in the process of network functioning; billing method, taking into account the quality of the provided communication services (Patent for invention of the Russian Federation №2708512), aimed at expanding the functionality of billing systems and allowing to objectively determine the level of quality of the provided communication services for the subscriber; an automated system and method for accepting payments for high-quality communication services (Patent for invention of the Russian Federation №2705422), aimed at increasing the awareness of operators about the quality of communication services, accurate to the element of a composite communication channel.
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Yenal, Zafer. "State Forms the Market." New Perspectives on Turkey 20 (1999): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600003162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In an article entitled “Non-Market Mechanisms of Market Formation: The Development of the Consumer Durables Industry in Turkey” which appeared in the Fall 1998 issue of this journal, Ayşe Buğra analyzes the nationwide network of sales agents organized by Arçelik, the first and the largest consumer durables producer in Turkey, and its role in the development of the consumer durables industry in the postwar era. She argues that in the absence of a market-forming role of the state and the limited availability of modern channels of publicity, “the increased sales of household durables required special mechanisms -both to create the need for the products and to facilitate payments for them” (Buğra 1998, p. 7). According to Buğra, under these circumstances Arçelik formed a network of sales agents for its products and this contributed, to a large extent, to the formation of a mass consumer market for household durables.
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Špička, Jindřich, and Petr Dereník. "How opportunity costs change the view on the viability of farms? Empirical evidence from the EU." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 67, No. 2 (February 25, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/412/2020-agricecon.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The post-2020 Common Agricultural Policy targets at supporting small and medium-sized farms. Capping and redistribution of direct payments would have a direct impact on the economic viability of farms. Calculation of economic income is a reasonable way how to calculate the economic viability of firms. However, accounting profit has been preferred for its estimation so far. The article aims to compare the income from accounting and economic point of view and reveal how much the results differ across the EU. The literature review, an empirical analysis based on Farm Accountancy Data Network (2016–2018), and a clustered heat map were applied. The results provide clear evidence of high variability of opportunity costs when calculating the economic viability in the EU, especially between countries with small intensive farms and some post-communist countries where larger farms dominate.
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Mamatzakis, Emmanuel, and Christos Staikouras. "Common Agriculture Police in the EU, direct payments, solvency and income." Agricultural Finance Review 80, no. 4 (April 27, 2020): 529–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-04-2019-0047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeCommon Agriculture Police in the EU, direct payments, solvency and incomeDesign/methodology/approachWe employ agriculture data for all twenty-eight EU Member States. The data comes from the public Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) of the EU. In terms of methodology we employ panel regression and panel Vector Autoregression analysis (panel VAR) to take into account possible endogeneity issues.FindingsThe reported panel regressions, impulse response functions (IRFs) and variance decompositions (VDCs) show that agriculture income has been subdued due to negative shocks in direct payments and solvency. Our results do not support the hypothesis that higher direct payments would increase agriculture income. In addition, whilst solvency subdues agriculture income, investment asserts a positive impact on agriculture income.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research on the impact of direct payments of CAP on EU agriculture is warranted at a disaggregate level so as to examine whether there is variability in the underlying interlinkages at regional levelPractical implicationsAs a policy implication, and in light of the ongoing reform of the EU's CAP, we would propose to raise net value added in agriculture using targeted income support to small and medium-sized farms. The European Economic Recovery Plan (EERP) would be also supportive. In addition, further enhancing financial integration across the EU would provide funds for investment in agriculture.Social implicationsAs social implication, one would propose to raise investment in agriculture, that is through the European Economic Recovery Plan (EERP). The EERP is designed as a stimulus package set up to mitigate the consequences of the global financial crisis in the EU. Also, a way to boost agriculture income is through the credit channel of the on-going quantitative easing of the ECB, where unconventional monetary policy is aiming to support the growth prospect of the Euro area.Originality/valueThis study examines the impact of direct payments, which include all subsidies, of the EU's Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) on agriculture income as measured by the net value added. We also control for solvency. Despite the magnitude of CAP on the EU budget, few studies investigate the impact of direct payments on income in the aftermath of the financial crisis. This is surprising given the importance of agriculture for the economic recovery of the EU that remains anaemic more than a decade after the crisis.
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Wahyuni, Alida, and Eriana Putri. "PEMANFAATAN MOBILE BANKING SERTA INTERNET BANKING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA PT BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI KANTOR CABANG TANGERANG BSD." REMITTANCE: JURNAL AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAN PERBANKAN 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.56486/remittance.vol2no1.197.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on all sectors, including the banking sector. Especially in banking customer transaction services due to the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) implemented by the Indonesian government. Mobile Banking and Internet Banking are facilities that can facilitate banking transactions. Customers do not need to visit branch offices or ATMs to make transactions such as fund transfers, balance checks, account mutation checks, or payments. Only by using smartphones or computer devices, customers can easily and comfortably make transactions during the pandemic. Mobile banking is one of the bank services that are in great demand by customers because this service enables bank customers to perform banking transactions via smartphones. Mandiri Syariah Mobile (MSM), an application provided by the Bank to provide banking services to customers through the Bank's electronic distribution channels to access accounts held by customers at the Bank through a communication network using a cellular phone or tablet computer
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Stoliarchuk, Yaroslava, Denys Ilnytskyy, and Glib Turolev. "GLOBAL BUSINESS NETWORK: OFF-SHORE MODEL’S DIVERSIFICATION AND IMPACT." Economics & Education 5, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2500-946x/2020-2-3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern literature lacks systematization and assessment of impact of network of international corporations and their off-shore models on development of national economies in post-industrial times. There is variety of tools besides well-known multinational corporate accounting policies and strategies of MNCs that provide mechanism for the management of transaction costs in reporting period, thus reducing the amount of taxable profit due to application of the method of accelerated depreciation and channels of tax deferrals, which allow to reduce corporate tax payments owing to the objective reduction of real purchasing power of money over time. The purpose of the article is to propose in-depth systematization of balanced pros and cons for further development of national FDI policies aimed at network of MNCs. The paper utilizes a compound methodology of review and systematization to calculate overall impact of offshoring that exceeds 1% of global GDP. While modern financial and economic activities of MNC’s distinguish both internal and external offshoring, the paper focuses upon endogenous one. The key attention is on dominant ones – tax inversion phenomenon is known as base erosion and profit shifting, tax planning strategies, international debt shifting, models of tax treaty shopping, tax deferral, tax hybrids, strategic transfer pricing tools. In business and financial management MNCs resort to the development of extremely complex network structures of parent and subsidiary companies in order to increase international competitive advantages. MNCs make special efforts to recruit staff capable of effectively performing key functions in the field of corporate offshoring. We find huge regional asymmetries in MNCs impact on development of national economies. On one hand, a number of highly profitable corporations pay almost zero tax in favour of their countries of registration; on the other, MNCs create jobs, markets, volumes and asymmetries of geographical structure of differences in the value of goods and services supplied through international trade between developing and developed countries due to enormous scale of business offshoring.
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Luo, Xiaoling, Che Chen, Wenjie Zhang, Chunnian Zeng, Chengtao Li, and Jing Xu. "Spatial-Temporal Value-of-Information Maximization for Mobile Crowdsensing in Wireless Sensor Networks." Electronics 11, no. 19 (October 8, 2022): 3224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193224.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mobile crowdsensing is considered as a promising technology to exploit the computing and sensing capabilities of the decentralized wireless sensor nodes. Typically, the quality of information obtained from crowdsensing is largely affected by various factors, such as the diverse requirements of crowdsensing tasks, the varying quality of information across different crowd workers, and the dynamic changes of channels conditions and the sensing environment. In this paper, considering the dynamics’ of the crowd workers, we focus on a spatial-temporal crowdsensing model and aim to maximize the value of information at the point of interest, by optimizing the recruiting range and time duration for the crowd workers. In particular, the crowdsensing system includes a mobile access point (MAP) and a set of wireless sensor nodes. As the information requester, the MAP can broadcast its crowdsensing task and then estimate the value of information by collecting the responses from the sensing nodes. Each sensing node in the crowdsensing task will receive a payment from the MAP. We aim to maximize the utility of the information requester by optimizing the recruiting range and waiting time for the sensing nodes. We firstly define a set of value metrics to characterize the MAP’s value of information. The optimal recruiting range can be obtained in closed-form expressions. Furthermore, considering the aging effect, we propose a gradient-based method to maximize the spatial-temporal value of information. Specifically, we first determine the optimal recruiting time for the requester and then choose the optimal recruiting range within each time slot. Via simulation, we first compare the sum, max, and min values of information at the requester, and then verify the effectiveness of the gradient-based method to optimize the recruiting time and range to maximize the value of information.
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Buchna, Y. A., and D. S. Davydov. "Changes in the Advertising Industry in the Context of the Global Lockdown-2020: Economic and Social Issues." Business Inform 10, no. 513 (2020): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-413-419.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is aimed at highlighting major changes in advertising and marketing at the international level as a result of the coronavirus pandemic and the resulted global economic crisis. When carrying out a detailed analysis of scientific articles, the main trends were identified, according to which the modern advertising industry in the world will continue to change, and a vision of possible ways to further develop the situation in the context of the international crisis in the economy has been formed. The key indicators of the economic crisis have been defined and their impact on the decisions of advertising agencies on the choice of means, channels and content of advertising campaigns is highlighted. A new direction has been formed in which advertising agencies implement and promote their own campaigns. The relevance of on-line advertising during the lockdown period is substantiated, namely, advertising on social networks, video resources and streaming platforms; advertising embedded in online games, etc. Benefits of broadcasting advertising through on-line channels compared to traditional advertising methods are allocated and substantiated. Prospect of this direction of research is to determine the most effective methods and topics of on-line advertising in order to reach a new audience and increase the customer base of advertising agencies. For in today’s world information technology occupies the position of the most actual way to move business forward in any sphere, a significant share of investments are made in new ad formats, payment models and technology solutions that meet or surpass global industry standards. Further development of the sphere of digital advertising can lead to even more displacement of the off-line methods of advertising from the market: because the end consumers no longer use a PC in order to go on-line, but more often browse the Internet resources from their portable devices.