Дисертації з теми "Pavie (Italie) – 14e siècle"
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Nelidoff, Ludmila. "Faire capitale dans l'État territorial lombard : Pavie (1359-1500)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUL095.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1359, Galeazzo II Visconti, lord of Milan, seized the small town of Pavia, some 30 km south of Milan. He settled directly in the city to make it his capital, leaving Milan in the hands of his brother Bernabò. His son Gian Galeazzo's acquisition of the ducal title in 1395, followed by the creation of the county of Pavia the following year, were the fundamental steps that established the political legitimacy of the "Pavesan" branch of the Visconti family.Despite initial resistance from the local population, once the city had been conquered, Galeazzo' project quickly won the support of the inhabitants, especially the urban elites ready to seize the opportunity represented by being part of the court and serve. At the same time, numerous construction projects were launched in the city, resulting in a profound transformation of its appearance. From a small town governed by competing seigniorial families, Pavia temporarily became the capital of the duchy under Gian Galeazzo, a status that was subsequently transformed, but whose effects lasted well into the Sforza era.The aim of this study is to understand the political, cultural, social, economic and territorial implications of Pavia's return to the status of capital, in order to grasp the multiplicity of issues at stake and question them in the specific context of the construction of the Lombard territorial state between 1359 and 1500
Gaulin, Jean-Louis. "Pietro de'Crescenzi et l'agronomie en Italie : 12e-14e siècle." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010593.
Повний текст джерелаThe liber ruralium commodorum, written by the Italian lawyer Pietro De'Crescenzi (Bologna, about 1230-1320), is the main treatise on agriculture bequeathed to us by the middle ages. Based on a wide philologic and codicologic study (part of latin text is published in the appendix) and on analysis of unedited documents from bologna archives, the thesis successively considers the agronomic renaissance, the treatise's contribution to history of North-Italian countryside, and its wide circulation. More than the author's knowledge or the scolastic way he manage his sources, the real originality of the book, in its cultural context, lies in its aim of providing an elogy of agriculture (that gives utilitas and delectatio) and in the return to ancient agronomy, which distinguishes it from literary production of its period (chap. 1-3). The main interest of the text is the informations it provides both about agrarian structures and practices (often confirmed by other data) and on the way in which the author, intellectual and landowner, looked at rural life (relations men nature, techniques of production, manor life are studied in chap. 4-6). Having discussed the manuscript transmission (chap. 7) and studied 14th and 15th century readers, the thesis concludes with the real interest shown this book by a broad public (from "ceto medio" to aristocracy), distant enough from rural realities to appreciate this treatise as an art of living in the countryside
Bouloux, Nathalie. "Culture et savoirs géographiques dans l'Italie du XIVe siècle." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010550.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject deals with a cultural history matter, namely the representation of space in the middle ages. The period concerned is the italian xivth century, which prepares for an important mutation in the perception of space, traditionally attributed to the xvth and xvith centuries. Two fields of studies are investigated : on the one hand, a traditional geography represented by the university scholars and the encyclopaedists, supported by the knowledge of previous centuries while contributing to the renewal of knowledges about space ; on the other hand the geography of humanists whose first ambition is to recreate the space of the antiquity. The interest in the antiquity leads the latter to actively search for new texts, as is the case in other intellectual fields. The realization of the difficulties he had in fitting together the space of the antiquity and the world in which he lived induced petrarch to conceive a geographical method based on the confrontation of texts between each other and of texts to reality. The consequence of this programme was to point out the contradictions between authors and hence between knowledges. Confronted to the inconsitency of texts, petrarch's followers give up the idea of producing a synthesis of ancient and new knowledges, and choose to follow the alphabetical order in their geographical writings, which allows them to juxtapose knowledges while respecting the obligation of exhaustiweness. If the geography of xivth century italian humanists is often confronted to doubts, it also prepares the success of ptolemy's geography and the new representation of space it proposes
Masson, Xavier. "Une voix dominicaine dans la cité : le comportement exemplaire du chrétien dans l'Italie du Trecento d'après les sermons de Nicoluccio di Ascoli." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100027.
Повний текст джерелаNiccoluccio di Ascoli’s sermons constitute models for the Dominican friars order and represent an example of learned preaching uttered around 1340. The sermons are, in this study, considered as a mythological speech which explains reality by the means of the learned culture. The preacher justifies his social and spiritual part by attributing an identity to the one preaching and to the audience supposedly reading or listening to him. So he sets in this way the criteria of a “sermon society”. The social construction relies on a vast culture, whose three main fields have been studied. Biblical culture structures the whole of the sermons. Knowledge of Antiquity brings further information and a contrasting argument to the biblical field. Lastly, Niccoluccio di Ascoli uses constantly the learned culture spread by his order studia. Last, the preacher devotes himself entirely to the aim of all preaching : to offer a destiny to the listener, mainly considered as an individual. The compendium gives firstly a picture of God. Then, it presents a well developed speech about the Gregorian system of vices and some virtues as caritas. He explains finally everyone’s fate in the hereafter
Jansen, Philippe. "La sainteté dans les marches et la Romagne aux XIIIe-XIV e siècles : aspects religieux et sociaux." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA010085.
Повний текст джерелаSchuller, Michelle. "Soi et les autres : étude des relations familiales dans les écrits privés florentins des XIVe-XVe siècles." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030072.
Повний текст джерелаThe XIVth-XVth Florentine family diaries (and among them the Cronica domestica of Donato Velluti), are dedicated to the celebration of the family. However, the author leads a personal discourse : the expression of self appears through his conscious relation with his own writing, and in the autobiografical dimension of the genealogical account. In the history of the family, the glance related to the others, from now on more attentive with individualities, highlights the family structures, especially the dominating place held by the father. The father writer " governs " his family group by his own behaviour and by the writing of his book : in this book, he endeavours not only to educate the souls and to protect the bodies, but also to form citizens, with the purpose of ensuring the continuity of the family, her economic strength and her politic power in the city, transmitting the values of his social class, while expressing his concerns in front of the escape of time and the evolution of the customs and mentalities
Bettarini, Francesco. "Dalle congiure agli affari : ser Benedette Schieri da Prato (1383-1430), notaio-mercante in Ragusa." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040087.
Повний текст джерелаL'object of this essay is the biography of a tuscan notary who lived between the end of the XIVth and the first part of the XVth century, and left for Raguse in the year of 1414. The two principal matters discussed in this thesis are : 1. The relationship among the private life of the notary-chancellor Benedict Schieri and the exercise of his profession. 2. The emigration of a group of citizens from Prato and Florence, emigrated to Ragusa among 1415 and 1435ca. One of the theses proposed by the author is the one that sees the notary Benedict Schieri up to play a fundamental role in the development of the afore mentioned migratory flow. The censussed archives have offered various and numerous sources: notarial documents, fiscal sources, public acts and private correspondences, directly implicating or indirectly our notary or the men that were him tied up in Raguse. The thesis develops itself among four chapters that are formed by chronological and thematic criterions. In Raguse, the activities of ser Benedetto climb in power as he intervenes in a cleaner way until to assume a role of high importance in the emigration in direction of Ragusa of a group of Tuscan merchants. The first part approaches the social and familiar context where Benedetto Schieri is born and receives his cultural and professional education. The two central chapters examine the two principal sequences of the stay in Ragusa of the notary. These biographical aspects are the opportunity, at the same time, to turn the attention to a lot of historical thematics: the juridical and social situation of the foreigners in Ragusa in the XVth century, a comparison among the exercise of the notarial profession in the Italian cities and in the Dalmatian cities, the role of the matrimonial bonds in the dynamics of insertion of the foreign dealers in the urban societies that welcomed them. After the year 1420, the search has been compared to ampler and more complexes thematics. To this date, starts that migratory flow that conducts to Ragusa the first fellow citizens from Prato;. They reached Ragusa with the hope to draw benefit from the industrial and commercial growth of the Dalmatian city. The last chapter tries, finally, to link the death of Schieri at the end of the experience of the traders of Prato to Raguse. It undertakes a comparison between the different destinies which knew these immigrated families: success for some, failures for the other ones
Boucheron, Patrick. "Urbanisme, politique des grands travaux et pouvoir princier à Milan à la fin du Moyen Âge." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010622.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis would like to underline the ideological coherence, the political meanings and the economical efficiency of the public works that the Visconti and the Sforza plan for their capital, Milan on the XIVth and XVth centuries. The dukes try to express their power on the city using a deliberated activity concentred on the town-planning. We bring to light the architectural aspect of the monumental policy but the artistic patronage, the constitution of the officers in charge with the urban conduct, and the impact of the ducal activities on the building economy as well. At last, we try to point out the links between the concerted town-planning and the self spatial dynamics of the economical metropole. In the same time, the aspects of a ducal power and the structures of a urban development appear to be very nearly united
Lesnes, Elisabeth. "Les châteaux féodaux de la Sicile occidentale au XIVème siècle : localisation, fonctions et essai de typologie." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0018.
Повний текст джерелаMajor, Alain. "Les colonies continentales de venise en grece meridionale 14e-15e siecles." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20054.
Повний текст джерелаCoron, modon,argos, nauplia, lepanta. . . Are the venitian strongholds in the south of the continental greece; they allow to patrol round the region, to make sure that merchants and ships are safe. The best part of the maritime empire, including creta and euboia is messenia with the two stratigic harbours, coron and modon. The following thesis deals with their inner organization, their economic commercial and military activities, their role in the venitian policy in morea and its relations to the latin (villehardouin, acciaiuoli, catalans) greek and turkish states. Won at the beginning of the 13e century just when what will become after the fourth crusade the venitian maritime superiority starts to establish itself, coron and modon will often be referred to for 3 centuries and are the object of constant care from the home land. The following invasion of other harbours or territories which could make think of a greek and venetian colonial empire is only complementary when venice has to face the ottoman imperialism on the east side and turns, on the one hand to the conquest of continental land in italy and on the other hand to the exploitation of new economic possibilities in the western mediterranean and europe
Piola, Caselli Chiara. "Les Cours d'Ugo Foscolo à l'Université de Pavie : genèse, sources et commentaire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENL032.
Повний текст джерелаThe positive reviews – both editorial and critical – achieved by Foscolo's 1809 lecture On the origin and duty of literature have overshadowed the Italian author's text corpus of the classes he's given at the University of Pavia. This study is willing to explain this specific aspect of Foscolo's work, often skipped by literary criticism. For this aim we reenact Foscolo's teaching experience in Pavia and the importance of it in His philosophical and literary thought. His classes alone include a good number of key themes of His literary work. Those catalyze the suggestions coming from his readings and the literary debates of the previous years, that have fed His thinking, at that time still in development , but soon to be settled in His critical thought, clearly visible in His English period work (1817-1827). In these classes particularly, Foscolo tries to reach two primary goals: 1) to define the civil duties of a literary man by a new ethical and political definition of oratory; 2) to create an educational project for the middle class; hence it bursts the need for creating a common unitary language and a national literary tradition as well as the assert of a new historiographical model, able to go beyond the Eighteenth Century scholarship boundaries. This study is concluded with a timeline reconstruction of the publishing history of His classes and their commentary. Such text lessons, critically revised and corrected (compared to their last edition available – edited by Emilio Santini – that failed to consider important revisions and different versions) are the foundation of the commentary, a critical and historical marginalia showing the sources used by Foscolo and of the use – either directly or indirectly – he made in His literary, philosophical and linguistic thought
Leroy, Françoise. "Recherches sur les types de retables siennois au cours du quatorzième siècle : étude des formes d'encadrement et de représentations." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010616.
Повний текст джерелаRecent studies on carpentry of sienese altarpieces from the trecento have demonstrated that artists used the distinctive features of the square and its diagonal. The author has therefore assumed that sienese painters also used these forms to organize the pictorial surface. She bases her method on the Roriczer principle of the rotation of squares and completes the grid so formed by a deduced series of inscribed circles : the frequency of remarkable linear and curvilinear dimensions that were found does not seem to be a simple coincidence. The directions and dimensions of the grid of squares can likewise justify the disposition and proportions of the body of represented forms, as well as those of certain configurations or isolated figures. A repetitive and long apprenticeship from models doubtlessly inscribed on a squared grid led the painter automatically to find directions, linear measures and proportional relationships whose precision might also be explained by mathematics (Fibonaccio) and the teaching of the abacus schools. Pisa, melting-pot of the roman and byzantine influences, to where Nicols Pisano brought the frederician language, could have been the route of transmission of such methods of working
Rihouet, Pascale. "The unifying power of moving pictures in late medieval and renaissance Umbria." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0123.
Повний текст джерелаDuring public processions of single groups or of the whole population (religious or civic feast days;. Funerals; and princely entries) in the 14 th-16th centuries, symbolic representations such as banners (gonfaloni) of lay groups contributed to the formation of collective identities. Without "moving pictures" and their cognitive effects on the observers and participants of such rituals, orderly public gatherings would not have created unit y and purification in the urban sphere. Since conflict and exclusion were frequently part of the liminal experience of rituals, this study revisits the idea representation of harmony that literary and pictorial representations of collective motion tend to offer. Because many banners also served as altarpieces, this work also investigates both ritual mobility and immobility, and the status of cult objects
Jamme, Armand. "Pouvoir, honneur ou profit : les milieux laïcs d'Outremont dans l'Italie pontificale (deuxième moitié du XIVe siècle)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040003.
Повний текст джерелаCrouzet-Pavan, Élisabeth. "Espaces urbains, pouvoir et société à Venise à la fin du Moyen-Age." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010562.
Повний текст джерелаThis is the tale of a city - Venice, a study devoted to the history of an urban organism from the mid-13th century to the end of the 15th; it is focused neither on the forms and aesthetics of the monumental landscape nor on the physical organization of the town, but on the interplay between power, society and the space in which they evolve. A leading factor of coherence during the period under consideration is the intervention of political power in and upon urban space. The first part of this study is therefore devoted to describe the system of power and of space in Venice; the second is centered upon the development of social structures as they are revealed by the kind of spatial analysis which has been selected. Changes in the organization of space are thus considered under two corrolatory approaches. Eventually. The urban entity is apprehended as a whole, from the lands around and amidst the lagoon to the belt of outer parishes and to the inner areas which are increasingly well defined. The overall structure of venetian space, as it was established and as it developed over two centuries an more up to its accomplishment can be thus understood
Crabot, Cécile. "Les feudataires catalans et la Sardaigne (1323-1420) : noblesse et expansion de la Couronne d'Aragon." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100131.
Повний текст джерелаGrieco, Allen J. "Classes sociales, nourriture et imaginaire alimentaire en Italie (XIVe - XVe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0067.
Повний текст джерелаFood is not just an inert object influeneed exclusively by the vagaries of economic laws and agricultural techniques. Food is also a social and cultural product that can be studied in much the same way as other such products are studied. Yet, this is an aspect of alimentary history that is all too easily overlooked in a field that lends itself so readily to the powerful presence of a material reality. This thesis constitutes an attempt to remedy this historiographic oversight. Food and foodstuffs are examined here as cultural products within a circumscribed geographic and cronological context (central italy, 1300-1550). The dissertation explores four distinct domains. The first concerns the diets of different social groups (i. E. What was eaten on what occasions by what social groups). The second is an exploration of food prices. The third is an attempt to situate foods and diets in their social and cultural context so as to elucidate the meaning embodied by different foodstuffs not only in practice but also symbolically. The fourth and final question broached concerns the way in which food was evaluated and classified by late medieval and early renaissance scientific discourses (medical, agricultural, botanical, etc. )
Finet, Nelly. "L'évolution du Retable siennois, 1215-1348 : recherches constructives." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010550.
Повний текст джерелаFeniello, Amedeo. "Les campagnes napolitaines à la fin du moyen âge : mutations d'un paysage rural." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0110.
Повний текст джерелаStöckly, Doris. "Le système de l'incanto des galées du marché à Venise (fin du XIIIe - milieu du XVe siècle)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010603.
Повний текст джерелаTThe incanti (auctionO-acts) are the result of the further evolution of the earlier maritime statutes and show the progressive involvement of the venetian state in the organization of private navigation. It is possible to distinguish different phases of the economic development and interdependance of the lines. The important role of the levant appears, although the romania-line is never abandoned. The occidental lines, important for the re-exportation of the levant products, have a subordinated position. Offering the infrastructure for international commerce, the state, i. E. The patriciate, alows a big number of nobles to participate even with modest capitals. O share the costs and risks of an expedition, each galley is divided into 24 carats which are let to a great number of participants. Although the family associations have a very important place there is no oligarchyin the venetian patriciate dominiting the whole state-commerce. A large majoritiy and no restricted group of patricians engage in the state-system. The possibility of a career only in the commercal fleet exists, but a large number of patricians also take responsabilities on war galleys. The research for this thesis has been done in the archives of Venice and Dubrovnik
Rabiot, Jérémie. "Ecrire, comprendre et expliquer l'histoire de son temps au XIVe siècle : étude et traduction des livres XI à XIII de la nuova cronica de Giovanni Villani." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20152.
Повний текст джерелаAs a major work of communal historiography, Giovanni Villani's Nuova cronica is a milestone for whoever intends to immerse themselves into the history of medieval Florence. Merchant, statesman and writer, the author embodies the figure of the Florentine popolano grasso. Narrating in thirteen books the history of both his city and the world, from its origins to 1348, the chronicle has left more than one hundred manuscripts, contributed to making Tuscan the language of Italians, and has inspired an abundant bibliography. This thesis focuses on a largely ignored aspect of this book, namely the relationship the author has to the history of his time, focusing on the last three books covering the years 1326-1348. Those years were a period of important political and economic change, as of deep cultural liveliness, and marked a turning point in the communal history: the Nuova cronica reveals the prosperity of this early Florentine Trecento. The chronology of the writings shows a particularly small time span between the events and their transcription: this has its consequences on both the tools and methods of the historian, who is therefore required to re-study his information channels, renew his sources and reinterpret the explicative frameworks. In addition to relying on merchant networks, the study of the sources reveals an extensive use of archive documents, which create a memory of communal institutions. The analysis of the interpretive frameworks of history attests of the importance of the author's religious mindset; this paints his historical narrative with a strong moralistic and uplifting dimension, sometimes giving it the appearance of a sum of secular exempla or a manual of civic virtues. However, the remarkable aspect of the last books lies in the way they open new perspectives into the culture of the great Florentine merchants of this time. Through the study of two aspects of this culture, theological and scientific, the capacity of a moderately literate secular man to capture a large part of scholar culture is revealed. This makes the chronicle a true work of vulgarization which builds a link between different levels of culture
Huboux, Michèle. "Les Campagnes florentines à la fin du Moyen Âge : principalement d'après les sources littéraires." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE4002.
Повний текст джерелаThe background to this research is the Florentine "contado" of the Late Middle Ages. Our primary source are "subjective" ones such as "ricordanze" backed up by such "objective" sources as village statutes and inventories of peasants' goods and chattels. After a first chapter which deals with the two most important authors, to our mind, Giovanni Sercambi and Franco Sacchetti, we have studied the image of the "villein" in Tuscan narratives. A third chapter deals with rural landscape as shaped by the peasants of the "contado" who often seem to follow the advice of the best agronomists of their time, Piero de'Crescenzi and Michelangelo Tanaglia. A further chapter brings out the important role of the countryside in Florentine life. The final part of our study deals with the private aspects of peasant society. There is no doubt that our sources provide information on the everyday life of peasants, but direct accounts are lacking. Hence the major difficulty of a study which can only see rural reality from one point of view, that of the city dwelling landowner
Biron-Ouellet, Xavier. "Un prédicateur et sa cité : spiritualité, émotion et société dans la Toscane du XIVe siècle. Le cas de Simone Fidati da Cascia." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0015.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation is the first comprehensive study concerning the augustinian preacher Simone Fidati da Cascia. Mostly known for his pastoral activity in Florence, he has also been active in Siena, Pisa, Perugia, and Rome. Although he has been neglected by the historiography, he is a prolific author that left us a long commentary on the Gospel, a vernacular text of religious instruction, and a collection of letters. The main idea of this thesis is to understand the relation between spirituality and society through the study of the affective discourse delivered by a preacher and its effect on his audience. To this end, the dissertation begins with a biographical study of Simone Fidati which works to reveal the nature of his relation with his master Angelo Clareno, the leader of a dissident franciscan movement (1st part). Follows a second part where Fidati is inserted in the florentine society, bringing to light his network of friends from different social groups, religious and lay, masculin and feminine. In the third and last part, this dissertation engage with the modern notion of "emotional script" to make sense of the emotions in the discourse of the preacher. This notion helps us understand emotions as sequences aiming at moving the souls of the audiences along an affective path toward love of God and tranquility of mind. This "therapeutical" function of the spiritual director is at the heart of his pastoral activity, not only guiding the spirits, but also the behaviours of men and women in society
Imhaus, Brünehilde. "Les minorites orientales de venise du xive siecle au debut du xvie siecle : du particularisme a l'integration?" Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20074.
Повний текст джерелаThe analysis of the reasons of the oriental people to move to venice ( albanians, arabs, dalmatians, grecks, tartars, turcks) the countries of the origins, their social professional background and their economical standart of living leads to consider the problems bough by this immigration to civil and religious authorities; problems throug which we image the very slow process of assimilation
Soltane-Castellana, Sandrine. "Le débat sur l'astrologie et la magie et ses reflets dans la littérature italienne du 14e au 16e siècle." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2004.
Повний текст джерелаThe analysis of the evolution of rituals and magical and astrological practices highlights the role of Christianity in the substitution of pagan cults, of magic and the art of divination by its own magic that bring out the idea that all of the marvels of nature are a gift from God. Nature and the Universe are perceived as being magical and sacred values, similar to consistent organic collections according to degrees of perfection. From Dante to Ariosto, the literary contributions subdue the questions in a more functional way and bring about questions, on the purpose of the stars and their movements, in a purely scientific manner, without entangling into it astrological assumptions with a divinatory goal. The Frenzy of Orlando, with its constant references to religion (better said to “religions”) and to magic, highlights the problem of the metaphysics of knowledge, because it is the link between man and the Universe that we find at the heart of The Frenzy of Orlando
Olejnik, Karine. "L' iconographie des chaires toscanes des XIIIe et XIVe siècles." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100062.
Повний текст джерелаTuscany keeps a group of four pulpits, sculpted between 1260-1310 by Nicola and Giovanni Pisano, which are known as the greatest Italian gothic sculpture masterpieces. Those monuments have been dismembered and the subsequent restaurations have lost part of the original meaning, as the order of the figures has been forgotten. The present study tries to look for the logic that ties all figures within a coherent and unificated signification. It begins with a recall of the liturgical principles on which the pulpit is built, as the monuments exist as an active part of the christian ritual before they're considered as works of art. The analysis of the production of pulpits on a larger geographical and historical scale is also useful to observe with a better accuracy the originality of the Pisani's work. .
Bisiacco-Henry, Nella. "Langage et rhétorique dans la poesia giocosa du XIIIe au XIVe siècle." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030189.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is the study of the tuscan "poesia glooosa" in the middle ages. First was considered the attitude of the critics in front of these poets in order to show the problems raised by interpretation and appellation of this poetical style. Subsequently, the study is focused on the analysis of two examples: rustico di filippo (1230 - 1291) and cecco angiolieri (1260 - 1313)'s works. Observing the way each of the two poets belonging to different generations treat the set of "comic" themes, the author tried to show how the "comic realist" poetry, far from being a simple parody of the "high" lyrion, may be considered as a genuine literary expression and invention
Tinterri, Daniele. "Divergenze parallele : Negroponte e Chio : due colonie latine nel Levante greco (metà XIV-metà XV sec.)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0033.
Повний текст джерелаThe PhD thesis considers the political, juridical and institutional evolution of a Venetian colony, Negroponte, and of a Genoese colony, Chios, between the mid-14th and the mid-15th century. It is divided in three parts. In the first and second part, the evolution of the two territories is taken into account under a chronological perspective, to analyse the establishment and development of the institutions and the decisions taken by the respective governments. In the third section, the actual comparison is developed, considering institutions and juridical aspects of the two contexts. This section is divided thematically in six parts : government (institutions, relations with the hometowns) ; elite groups and their forms of representation ; juridical aspect (feudalism, rights and customs) ; relations with political and ethnical minorities ; diplomatical and international relations ; ecclesiastical policy. The comparison aims at considering the differences between the two contexts and tries to explain why Venice and Genoa have taken different decisions to solve the same problems. To do this, it becomes necessary to take into account not only the ways of settlement and the differences between the two contexts, but also the political and juridical ideologies characterizing the two Italian towns. This latter aspect appears to be essential in order to explain the different evolution of the two colonies in the Greek Levant
Redon, Odile. "L'espace d'une cité : Sienne et le pays siennois (XIIIème-XIVème siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010622.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis comprises a new synthesis as well as published articles and books. It presents an analysis of the construction by the Sienese commune of its Contado, extending from the city limits to the whole of southern Tuscany, in the period between the first half of the XIIth and the middle of the XIVth century. It also presents a study of social behavior, particularly concerning the religious and food habits in central Italy. The main directive is the apprehension and the delimitation of space. Contado communes are considered in their castrum and villa forms, their relations with the lord(s) and religious institutions, their connection and differences with the dominant city. The latter's administration led to a partitioning of the Contado into conscriptions, though the essential unit remained the village community. The analysis of various forms of piety and religious life helps to identify forest sectors, transit areas, as well as specific relations between various Contado zones and city quarters. Pictural art and land measure are perceived as tools of centralization and as a means of urbanity. Also studied as a part of urban culture is cuisine, as the city created culinary modes and arts of the table. The opposition between urban and rural culinary customs seems fiercer in the Sienese region than elsewhere in Tuscany. The thesis concludes upon the specificity of the Sienese domain, the confrontation between the highly refined urban culture of a city and a vast but scantily urbanized territory
Aptel, Mireille. "L'Oeuvre du Chancelier de Florence Coluccio Salutati, 1331-1406 la naissance d'un humanisme civique /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602357n.
Повний текст джерелаBaggioni, Laurent. "La « forteresse de la raison ». Lectures de l’humanisme politique florentin d’après l’Epistolario de Coluccio Salutati (1331-1406)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENSL0677.
Повний текст джерелаStarting from a critical historicization of the methodological and ideological foundations of categories such as civic humanism and republicanism, this thesis investigates the works of the Florentine humanists not only from the point of view of political theory but also in relation to their historical significance. The aim is to redefine the structural lines of a republican tradition characteristic of Florentine history, a tradition which the thinkers of the Italian Wars (Savonarola, Guicciardini, Machiavelli) inherited and criticized. An extensive reading of the private letters by Coluccio Salutati (1331-1406) constitutes the central part of this work and reveals the juridical character of the Chancellor’s thought : on the one hand, the juridical vocabulary is omnipresent in the letters and provides the core of the hermeneutic tools necessary to political analysis ; on the other hand, it helps defining an « office of exhortation » which discloses Salutati’s urge for reform rather than his role of propagandist. New light is then shed on Leonardo Bruni’s contribution to political thought as Bruni is seen following the path of Salutati’s political humanism. Leonardo Bruni (1370-1444), in comparison with his master, stresses the superiority of history, but finds himself equally involved in the formulation of a language and a science of political life
Cosnet, Bertrand. "L'imagerie morale italienne (v.1315 - v.1415) : figurer et personnifier les vertus selon les ordres mendiants et les communes toscanes." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2018.
Повний текст джерелаThe moral imagery knows an exceptional development in the Italian Peninsula between 1315 and 1415. The mendicant orders, in particular the Franciscans, the Dominicans and the Augustinians, are the main instigators of the revival of this theme. Completely turned towards the study and the propagation of morality, these three orders are in competition on the matter of virtues. Among the laymen, cities initiate a coherent imagery drawing the portrait of virtuous communes intended to legitimate the governments and to denounciate the tyrannical systems. From a large iconographic corpus (more than 700 pictures), the study of virtues and vices intends to find the function and the meaning of personifications in the Italian art on the eve of Modern history. The analysis of pictures brings to light the notions that underlie the representation of virtues: the artistic processes consisting in representing moral values; the edifying and mnemonic dimension of personifications; the echos and gaps between personifications and exemplifications; the popularization phenomenon of ethics by the picture
Petrick, Vicki-Marie. "Le corps de Marie Madeleine dans la peinture italienne du XIIIe siècle à Titien." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0087.
Повний текст джерелаThe goal of this thesis is to show the density of meanings that inform the plastic and iconographic choices made by Titian for his Pitti Magdalen, examining it in light of the visual traditions of the Magdalen in Italy. To do this, the dissertation goes back to the visual codes established in the 13th century. This study brings forward the means by wich women's bodies may be bearers of theological meaning, beyond that of sin and temptation. A first part establishes the foundations. One chapter approaches the anthropology of the Christian body, another the construction of the "character" of Mary Magdalen and themes associated with her, a third stuides these first plastic formulations in the mediterranean basin. A second part is consecrated to the cycles that present her Vita : the Florentine pala of 1285, the Assisi Magdalen chapel, and the Magdalen chapels of the Bargello and Santa Croce in Florence. The chapters bring forward the dynamic in wich the spectator relates to the figure as an example of sinful flesh converted. A last part proposes a diachronical analysis, on a large temporal scale, from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries the principal iconographical signs that distinguishe her : the color red, the hair, the tears, the vase and the perfume, all the while giving particular attention to the regional variations between Tuscany and the Veneto. The final chapter converges the results of the first chapters in the analysis of the Titian Magdalen who appears as an end point in the plastic and conceptual research conducted since 1270
Garane, Abdullahi Garane. "Gli intellettuali fiorentini (1250-1350) : Dante, Petrarca, Boccaccio." Grenoble 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE39018.
Повний текст джерелаZingraff, Sarah. "Les Bijoux et leurs représentations dans les images de l’Italie du Nord aux XIVe et XVe siècles : Vallée d’Aoste – Piémont – Ligurie – Lombardie : États et rang social, emblématique et fonctions des objets de parure des laïcs : L’apport de l’Iconographie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3091.
Повний текст джерелаThe study about jewels and adornment accessories - a complex notion for the period in examination - and their representations, leans on the analysis of the two-dimensions images produced in Aosta Valley, Piedmont, Liguria and Lombardy in the 14th and 15th century.It aims at observing contexts and types of medium allowing images to show such details as jewels and adornment accessories, when still visible, and to determine the different groups of people who subscribed the images where these objects appear.It aims at analyzing the frequency of appearance of the various jewels and dress adornments, as well as determining which are the most decorated categories of characters, while confronting these results with the other sources at our disposal: archeological and goldsmiths' work finds, account books, inventories, sumptuary laws, chroniclers narratives, sermons, correspondence, poetry, and a particular genre of literature dedicated to gemstones: Lapidaries.The particularities advanced by images insist on the various moral values attached to every type of jewel and adornment object, their location on the body, as well as the rank of their owner.The recourse to several studies belonging to the historic anthropology domain allows focusing on the important role played by the occasions which required the bearing of these objects or which commanded their exchanges, ensuing from a ritualized ceremonial, during which the finery objects played a role of representation as well as protection.Finally, the analysis turns on the "strategy" displayed by images and, especially by those who ordered them, joining within logic of appearances, in order to legitimize their position
Lo studio dei gioielli – nozione complessa per il periodo preso in esame – e delle loro rappresentazioni, si basa sull’analisi delle immagini a due dimensioni prodotte nella Valle d’Aosta, in Piemonte, Liguria e Lombardia ne Trecento e Quattrocento. Mira innanzitutto ad osservare quali sono i contesti ed i tipi di produzione che permettono di osservare dettagli come gli accessori ornamentali, quando questi sono ancora reperibili, così come a determinare i grandi gruppi di promotori delle immagini raffiguranti questi oggetti. Mira poi ad analizzare in modo quantitativo la frequenza delle apparizione di quei differenti tipi di gioielli ed accessori preziosi, nonchè a determinare quali sono le categorie di personaggi più ornati, pure confrontando questi risultati con le altre fonti a disposizione. Tra queste si annoverano reperti archeologici e oggetti di oreficeria, ma anche fonti scritte : documentazione archivistica contabile, inventari, leggi suntuarie, opere di cronisti, sermoni, corrispondenza, poesia, così come une tipo particolare dedicato alle gemme : i Lapidari. Sono così evidenziate le particolarità messe in luce dalle immagini, che insistono sulle differenti caratteristiche morali legate ad ogni tipo di oggetti presi in conto, alla parte del corpo alla quale era destinato, così come al rango sociale di chi lo portava. Il ricorso a parecchi studi che rientrano nel campo dell’antropologia storica permette di osservare il ruolo importante delle occasioni che richiedevano di ornarsi con questi oggetti o che ne determinavano gli scambi, il che dérivava dalle necessità imposte da un cerimoniale molto ritualizzato, nel quale quegli oggetti preziosi assumevano nello stesso tempo una funzione di rappresentazione et di protezione. Infine, l’analisi si orienta sulla « strategia » sviluppata dalle immagini, e sopratutto dai loro donatori, iscrivendosi in una logica delle apparenze che tendeva a legittimare la loro posizione
Allingri, Matthieu. "Le métier de notaire en Europe méridionale à la fin du Moyen Âge : Étude comparée de deux modèles régionaux (Italie communale, pays catalans, v. 1280-1420)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20125.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is to study the professional activity of notaries in southern Europe at the end of the Middle Ages in its multiple dimensions (private acts, judicial, administrative activity, etc.), its cultural foundations, its material organization and its links with political and legal structures, and in the many functions it assumed according to context and society. The evolution of the profession from the 14th century onwards is indeed not well known, even in Italy where it has often been studied, but mainly in earlier periods, even as sources are much more abundant and precise and allow to grasp slight differences within the profession.The innovative purpose of this work is to relate the shapings and functions of the profession of notary indifferent political and cultural unities, in which they have been comprehended in a different manner through a very compartmentalized regional historiography. Communal Italy and Catalan countries saw the emergence of the two most important models of southern notary work, with original features, rather homogeneous, yet with slight differences, and with a large territorial influence. The purpose here is to parallel the characteristics of notary work and its evolution in both regions through a detailed study of first-hand documentation, focusing on the regions of Sienna and Girona, and a bibliographic study on a larger regional scale. This work is much more than a juxtaposition of cases given that it is based on cross-interrogations of fields and problematics brought about by the study of notarial activity, which in return sheds light on regional characteristics. Mostly, beyond the study of a professional group, it aims at situating the slight evolutions of its activities in relation to broader political, cultural and economic evolutions in the course of the 14th century
Little, Anna. "Du lieu à l'espace : transformations de l'environnement pictural en Italie centrale (XIIIe - XVe s.)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2022/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study exposes the key role played by the notion of "place" in the development of "modern pictorial space". We first establish that place and "anti-place" represent the two fundamental components of the thirteenth century pictorial environment and that these components are closely correlated to the notions of place and "anti-place" as they appear in contemporary theology, natural philosophy, mnemonic practices and politico-territorial organisation. We then study the causes and processes which lead the thirteenth century pictorial place to evolve and a new conception of the image to emerge. This new conception is characterised by two levels: onecomposed of material bodies, the other taking the form of an immaterial, rectilinear and regularstructure - structure which, while being identifiable as a direct derivative of pictorial place, isequally identifiable as a speculative model of real space
Beaudet, Isabelle. "Recherches sur les cadres et les bordures des peintures murales exécutées par Giotto et son atelier : élaboration d'un vocabulaire d'analyse, étude iconographique et stylistique." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040154.
Повний текст джерелаQuertier, Cédric. "Guerres et richesses des nations : la communauté des marchands florentins à Pise au XIVe siècle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010665.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis focuses on the Deliberazioni of the Florentine court called Mercanzia. Access to the port of Pisa, the traffic of which can indirectly be reconstructed, is essential for Florentine people and transcends the difficult relationships between both cities. They are ready to leave Pisa (1356-1369 and 1399-1406) or to go to war (1362-1364 and 1397-1398) to defend their tax and customs exemptions, but an analysis of the specifics shows a weak impact on prices. These sums are transferred to two-headed Florentine natio (one Pisan consul, one Florentine notary-sindaco). The discovery of the natio’s statute (1381) improves our knowledge of the managers’ duties and the remaining accounts shows how they are paid. The structures of the community are concentrated on the fondaco of Porto Pisano, which is administrated by the Pisan city-state (commune), and on the loggia, located in the Pietro Gambacorta’s palace in Pisa from 1369 to 1392, or 1395, the year when the natio was transferred to Livorno and Piombino. Double certification of citizenship, first by an oath sworn by two merchants, second by the sending of letters by the Mercanzia, does exist. Lists in bilateral treaties only register the companies, whose members are able to declare one’s citizenship under oath, which makes the prosopography of the community even more difficult. The last chapter analyses the formation of a common judiciary field, able to function in times of strained relationship, through the presentation of bilateral procedures and of cases of conflict about tax exemptions, bankruptcy and reprisals
Mabboux, Carole. "Cicéron et la Commune : présence(s) d’une autorité rhétorique et politique dans la culture civique citadine : (XIIIe-XIVe siècles)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH036.
Повний текст джерелаCicero’s writings on rhetoric (De inventione, Rhetorica ad Herennium) and on society (De officiis, De amicitia, De senectute) are well known in Italian city-states of Late Middle Ages. Lay intellectuals often use the character and his texts in order to give a model of perfect citizen and of successful political speech. Considered as an auctoritas, Cicero’s precepts on rhetoric are invested in ars concionandi, intended for the men in power, and transposed in written version in ars dictaminis, in practice in each chancery. Communal notaries and judges are then deeply involved in theoretical elaboration of the rules of an ethically and efficiently good discourse. It is not a surprise to find some of them as first translators of Ciceronian rhetoric in vernacular languages. At the same time, libri de regimine are profiling distinctive aspects of communal government. Promoter of the vita activa and defender of a shared power, Cicero seems to be the perfect spokesman of this project. Quoted in political treatises (sometimes mistakenly), his definitions of common good, of justice or of honestum contribute to the legitimation of a power promoting itself as recollection of Roman republic.Nevertheless, Cicero’s figure is transformed by communal ideals in return. The selection of a few passages of his work reveals a contextualized reading of Cicero’s texts: specific to communal spirit, or even to some urban groups. Using Cicero’s example is not neutral, politically and socially, as we could see exploring the disparate treatment made of his character and his texts in the sources
Parent, Sylvain. "Dans les abysses de l’infidélité : les poursuites judiciaires contre les rebelles et les ennemis de l’Église : (Italie du Nord et du Centre, 1ère moitié du XIVe s.)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20103.
Повний текст джерелаIn the early 14th century, the first popes of Avignon were confronted with a large movement of protest against their authority in Northern Italy and in the States of the Church at a time when the power of the lords was increasing. Among the main actors of this protest were the members of noble families, such as Matteo Visconti and his sons - Galeazzo, Marco, Luchino, Stefano and Giovanni - in Milano, marquesses Rinaldo and Obizzo d’Este in Ferrare, Federico da Montefeltro in Urbino, as well as other lords or less powerful communities in the March of Ancona or in the duchy of Spoleto. The protest reached a climax of unrest during the pontificate of John XXII (1316-1334). To face those numerous oppositions, legal proceedings were widely used within the usual framework of the temporal jurisdiction or following the more spectacular rules of the officium Inquisitionis. Indeed, in the 1320s, several of those lords were sentenced as rebels to the Church, and as heretics. This PhD offers an analysis of the documents made during those conflicts, located in the archives of the Vatican and of the Vatican Library, and shows how, thanks to legal proceedings, the papacy used the law, ideology and rhetoric to construct a figure of the enemy and of the ghibelin “tyrant”
Giraudo, Stefania. "L'empereur et les villes d'Italie : pacifications, réformes et modèles de gouvernement d'Henri VII à Jean de Bohême (1310-1330)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040055.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis tackles the government of central and northern Italian cities at the beginning of the fourteenth century through a perspective which until now has been overlooked by historiography. In this study, the institutional transformation of the cities will be interrelated with the renewal in the interest for the reorganization of central and northern Italy on a regional scale, in connection with the realities of the regnum italicum. Thus the discussion is developed on different planes of analysis – urban and regional – in which the intense activity exercised by royal powers on urban institutions has been used as a common thread. The first part of the thesis reconstructs Henry VII’s voyage in Italy, in order to bring to light the imperial program for the reform of the kingdom. The imperial policies did not follow a linear path, as these were soon complicated by the unavoidable confrontation with the cities. This discussion is followed by an analysis of the policies adopted by the emperor during the second phase of his voyage in Italy, when he intervened to thwart the revolts borne in opposition to his urban reforms by adjusting his lines of action both on a juridical and on an institutional level. The second part of the dissertation is aimed at finding traces of Henry VII’s project in the experimentations of other royal powers which in the two decades that followed intended to give political and administrative substance to the kingdom of Italy. It has thus been possible to continue the discussion on the civic action in defense of autonomy in connection to the Papacy and the Angevin monarchy. In addition to this, the voyage of John of Bohemia in Italy, which represented a new concrete attempt to impose a royal power over the area, has been taken under examination as a parallelism to the imperial Romfahrt. The study closes with the rise of Azzone Visconti a political experience wich ushered a new approach in the government of cities, in absence of a project for a kingdom in Lombardy
Rebichon, Noelle-Christine. "Les hommes illustres dans les peintures murales des trecento et quattrocento en italie : creation et adaptation d'une iconographie inspiree de sources litteraires du moyen age francais." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20138.
Повний текст джерелаThe chivalrous group The Nine Worthies, which appears in the novel Vœux du Paon written by Jacques de Longuyon circa 1312, was quickly transposed into pictorial form by means of many artistic techniques and became a popular theme throughout the 14th and 15th centuries in the Holy Empire, the French kingdom, and reaching even Catalonia and Italy. At the same time, Italy was rediscovering its own glorious past by way of the biographical literary genre Lives, which Petrarch had appropriated and modernized; therein moral and political values were drawn from the history of Ancient Rome and exempla of Uomini famosi, i.e. Famous Men, the latter becoming the subject of murals painted on the walls of private and public residences. However four patrons, in Tyrol, Piedmont and Umbria, belonging de jure or de facto to the nobility, chose the nine transalpine heroes to decorate different spaces in their homes. Both traditions –the chivalrous and the classic, each one praising its respective models– co-existed in Italy for some decades. This thesis analyzes the fortune and the adaptation of the Worthies' heroic series as depicted in wall paintings dating from a pivotal period of transition between the Late Gothic and the Early Renaissance. Utilizing both literary and iconographic evidence we analyze the details that characterize the diffusion and treatment of the canonical group of the Nine Worthies in Italy, where the classical tradition dominated and was employed to embody the first form of patriotism that was taking shape there. The Worthies' topos, an expression of the resistance of the chivalrous culture which was present in Italy until the end of the 15th century, was a flexible theme that could be adapted to early humanism. The pertinent question becomes, are we observing, through the transalpine pantheon, the creation of a new iconography? This study provides answers while proposing specific readings of the four host places examined and interpreting these monumental cycles