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1
Hao, Zhoushao. "Naive Bayesian Prediction of Japanese Annotated Corpus for Textual Semantic Word Formation Classification." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (March 16, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8048335.
Анотація:
With the rapid development of Japanese information processing technology, problems such as polysemy and ambiguity at the text and dialogue level, as well as unregistered words, have become increasingly prominent because computers cannot fully “understand” the semantics of words. How to make the computer “understand” the semantics of words accurately requires the computer to “understand” the rules of converting and integrating words into words from the perspective of semantics. Traditional Japanese text classification mostly adopts the text representation method of vector space model, which has the problem of confusing classification effect. Therefore, this paper proposes the topic of constructing a semantic word formation pattern prediction model based on a large-scale annotated corpus. This paper proposes a solution that combines Japanese semantic word formation rules with pattern recognition algorithms. Aiming at this scheme, a variety of pattern recognition algorithms were compared and analyzed, and the naive Bayesian model was decided to predict semantic word formation patterns. This paper further improves the accuracy of computer prediction of Japanese semantic word formation patterns by adding part of speech. Before modeling, the parts of speech of words are automatically tagged and manually checked based on the original annotated corpus. In the research on predicting Japanese semantic word formation patterns, this paper builds a semantic word formation pattern prediction model based on Naive Bayes and conducts simulation experiments. We divide the eight types of semantic word formation patterns in the annotated corpus into two groups, and divide the obtained sample sets into training sets and test sets, so that the Naive Bayes model first learns semantic word formation rules based on the training sets of each group. Semantic word formation patterns are predicted on the test set for each group. The simulation results show that the prediction model of semantic word formation mode has a generally high degree of fit and prediction accuracy. The prediction model of semantic word formation pattern based on this theory can ensure that the computer can judge the semantic word formation pattern more accurately.
2
JÓZEFOWSKA, JOANNA, AGNIESZKA ŁAWRYNOWICZ, and TOMASZ ŁUKASZEWSKI. "The role of semantics in mining frequent patterns from knowledge bases in description logics with rules." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 10, no. 3 (May 2010): 251–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068410000098.
Анотація:
AbstractWe propose a new method for mining frequent patterns in a language that combines both Semantic Web ontologies and rules. In particular, we consider the setting of using a language that combines description logics (DLs) with DL-safe rules. This setting is important for the practical application of data mining to the Semantic Web. We focus on the relation of the semantics of the representation formalism to the task of frequent pattern discovery, and for the core of our method, we propose an algorithm that exploits the semantics of the combined knowledge base. We have developed a proof-of-concept data mining implementation of this. Using this we have empirically shown that using the combined knowledge base to perform semantic tests can make data mining faster by pruning useless candidate patterns before their evaluation. We have also shown that the quality of the set of patterns produced may be improved: the patterns are more compact, and there are fewer patterns. We conclude that exploiting the semantics of a chosen representation formalism is key to the design and application of (onto-)relational frequent pattern discovery methods.
3
Hao, Tianyong, Feifei Xu, Jingsheng Lei, Liu Wenyin, and Qing Li. "Toward Automatic Answers in User-Interactive Question Answering Systems." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 3, no. 4 (October 2011): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssci.2011100104.
Анотація:
A strategy of automatic answer retrieval for repeated or similar questions in user-interactive systems by employing semantic question patterns is proposed in this paper. The used semantic question pattern is a generalized representation of a group of questions with both similar structure and relevant semantics. Specifically, it consists of semantic annotations (or constraints) for the variable components in the pattern and hence enhances the semantic representation and greatly reduces the ambiguity of a question instance when asked by a user using such pattern. The proposed method consists of four major steps: structure processing, similar pattern matching and filtering, automatic pattern generation, question similarity evaluation and answer retrieval. Preliminary experiments in a real question answering system show a precision of more than 90% of the method.
4
Jurotich, Marcella. "Semantic Interpretations of Ditransitive Constructions in English." American Journal of Undergraduate Research 20, no. 2 (October 7, 2023): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33697/ajur.2023.087.
Анотація:
This study addresses claims made by two theories—the Alternative Projection and Verb Sensitive approaches—regarding an interpretation of possession attributed to certain ditransitive constructions. The Alternative Projection approach argues that an interpretation of possession is only available in the double object (DO) pattern expressed by English ditransitive verbs (1a) and is not available in the prepositional (PP) pattern (1b). The Verb Sensitive approach argues that this possession interpretation is either available for both the DO and PP patterns, or for neither pattern, depending on the class of ditransitive verb with which the patterns occur. (1a) The salesperson gave the young farmer the grain mixture. (1b) The salesperson gave the grain mixture to the young farmer. Both approaches posit a possession interpretation of the DO pattern across all ditransitive verbs. This study tests to what degree native English speakers interpret a meaning of possession from the DO and PP patterns through an online survey with 88 participants. Ditransitive verbs from five semantic classes are analyzed to determine if the interpretation of possession varies based on use of the DO or PP pattern (Alternative Projection) or by the semantic class of the verb (Verb Sensitive). The results do not support the Alternative Projection approach. The results suggest partial support for the Verb Sensitive approach, as semantic classes do not entirely follow the pattern predicted by this approach. Further, judgements reported in this study contradict some judgements reported in the literature, highlighting the importance of quantitative studies in evaluating theoretical claims. KEYWORDS: Ditransitives in English; Ditransitive Verbs; Survey; the Dative Alternation; Semantics; Verb Semantics; Alternative Projection approach; Verb Sensitive approach
5
Gaffar, Ashraf, Ahmed Seffah, and John A. Van der Poll. "HCI pattern semantics in XML." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 30, no. 4 (July 2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1082983.1083112.
6
Siswoyo, Puguh Dwi, and Deli Nirmala. "Semantics Structure of Javanese Proverbs: A Natural Semantic Metalanguage Analysis." Anuva: Jurnal Kajian Budaya, Perpustakaan, dan Informasi 5, no. 2 (June 6, 2021): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/anuva.5.2.275-281.
Анотація:
This study is aimed to investigate the explication of Javanese proverbs, and also to find the NSM semantic template pattern in Javanese language proverbs. This study integrates natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) into the semantic analysis to explain how the meaning of Javanese proverbs can be explained. In this study, the researcher uses a five-semantic template for English proverbs proposed by Goddard and Wierzbicka. The findings of the study indicate that not all of the semantic template is fulfilled in Javanese Proverbs. It means that there is not any pattern of NSM semantic template in Javanese language. However, the application of NSM sematic templates in explaining proverbs meaning is not only worthwhile but also practical in explicating the Javanese proverbs.
7
Chardonnet, Kostia, Louis Lemonnier, and Benoît Valiron. "Categorical Semantics of Reversible Pattern-Matching." Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 351 (December 29, 2021): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.351.2.
8
Goel, Kartik, Charu Gupta, Ria Rawal, Prateek Agrawal, and Vishu Madaan. "FaD-CODS Fake News Detection on COVID-19 Using Description Logics and Semantic Reasoning." International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 16, no. 3 (July 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2021070101.
Анотація:
COVID-19 has affected people in nearly 180 countries worldwide. This paper presents a novel and improved Semantic Web-based approach for implementing the disease pattern of COVID-19. Semantics gives meaning to words and defines the purpose of words in a sentence. Previous ontology approaches revolved around syntactic methods. In this paper, semantics gives due priority to understand the nature and meaning of the underlying text. The proposed approach, FaD-CODS, focuses on a specific application of fake news detection. The formal definition is given by depiction of knowledge patterns using semantic reasoning. The proposed approach based on fake news detection uses description logic for semantic reasoning. FaD-CODS will affect decision making in medicine and healthcare. Further, the state-of-the-art method performs best for semantic text incorporated in the model. FaD-CODS used a reasoning tool, RACER, to check the consistency of the collected study. Further, the reasoning tool performance is critically analyzed to determine the conflicts between a myth and fact.
9
Miao, Y., X. Tang, and Z. Wang. "AN AUTOMATIC SEMANTIC MAP GENERATION METHOD USING TRAJECTORY DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2020 (August 24, 2020): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2020-63-2020.
Анотація:
Abstract. It’s easily to obtain the geometric information of terrain features in a timely manner using advanced surveying and mapping methods, but it is impossible to obtain their semantic information with low latency due to the rapid development of cities. The popularity of GPS-enabled devices and technologies provide us a large number of personal location information. Moreover, it is possible to extract the personal or group behavior pattern due to the regularity of human behavior. Those conditions make it possible to extract and identify human behavior patterns from their trajectory data. In this paper, we present an automatic semantic map generation method that extract semantic patterns and take advantage of them to tagging spatial objects in an unknown region based on known semantic patterns. We study the regularity of trajectory data and build the semantic pattern based on the regularity of human behavior. Most importantly, we use known semantic patterns to identify the semantics of the stay points in the unknown region, and use this method to realize the semantic recognition of the stay points. Results of the experiments show the effectiveness of our proposed method.
10
Li, Jun, and Jie Su. "Semantic Trajectory Frequent Pattern Mining Model." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 18, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.297031.
Анотація:
A method for mining frequent patterns of individual user trajectories is proposed based on location semantics. The semantic trajectory is obtained by inverse geocoding and preprocessed to obtain the Top-k candidate frequent location item sets, and then the spatio-temporal sequence intersection and the divide and conquer merge methods are used to convert the frequent iterative calculation of long itemsets into hierarchical sets' regular operations, the superset and subset of frequent sequences are found. This kind of semantic trajectory frequent pattern mining can actively identify and discover potential carpooling needs, and provide higher accuracy for location-based intelligent recommendations such as carpooling and HOV lane travel (High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane). Carpool matching and recommendation based on semantic trajectory in this paper is suitable for single carpooling and relay-ride carpooling. the results of simulation carpooling experiments prove the applicability and efficiency of the method.
11
WANG, PATRICK SHEN-PEI. "KNOWLEDGE PATTERN REPRESENTATION OF CHINESE CHARACTERS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 02, no. 01 (March 1988): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001488000121.
Анотація:
This article discusses some intelligence aspects of Chinese characters. Some basic concepts of two-dimensional pattern representation and artificial intelligence such as semantic networks, forward chaining, deduction and the resolution principle are used to analyze and interpret the syntactic structure, representation, semantics and evolution of Chinese characters. The concept of degrees of ambiguity and the principle of new characters are investigated. It is found that Chinese characters are actually not only artistically elegant and culturally rich but also semantically meaningful and intelligently sound. Finally some topics for future research such as intelligent pattern recognition for Chinese characters, automatic learning and translation, and knowledge-based Chinese language understanding are discussed.
12
Colleman, Timothy, and Bernard De Clerck. "Accounting for ditransitive constructions with envy and forgive." Functions of Language 15, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 187–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.15.2.02col.
Анотація:
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the English verbs envy and forgive in the ditransitive argument structure pattern [Sbj V Obj Obj]. Since the ditransitive construction is often associated with a basic ‘transfer of possession’ meaning in existing analyses of its constructional semantics, the occurrence of verbs like envy and forgive in this pattern is quite exceptional and has often been treated as an idiosyncratic use (see e.g. Green 1974, Goldberg 1995, Croft 2003). This paper adds to the etymological explanations traditionally offered to account for such cases (see Goldberg 1995) by presenting a complementary and semantically-driven account. It will be shown that although ditransitives with envy and forgive are obviously peripheral members of the class of ditransitive expressions, these uses are not semantically unmotivated. In this paper we will establish synchronic semantic links between the concepts of envying and forgiving and the central ‘possessional transfer’ meaning of the ditransitive and further elucidate them on the basis of a multidimensional approach to the semantics of grammatical constructions (Geeraerts 1998, Colleman 2006). On a higher plane, this semantic explanation underscores the feasibility of Goldberg’s polysemy approach to ditransitive semantics.
13
Peng, Yuhai. "On the Integrated Descriptions of Metaphorical Sememes of Verbs." Russian and Chinese Studies 5, no. 1 (May 11, 2021): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2587-7445.2021.5(1).62-72.
Анотація:
Cognitive metaphor is an important way and mechanism of semantic derivation of verbs, the resulting large number of verbal metaphorical sememes has different expressions in their semantic features, formal syntax, communicative structure and even modality and pragmatics. This paper thoroughly and carefully discusses the problem of semantic change of verbal metaphor in terms of the integrated description method of the Moscow Semantic School. Thus, we will create a unique and innovative framework and theoretical model of generalized formal feature analysis, we will also try to introduce formal semantic description and micro-level semantic interpretation into the analysis system of semantic change of the verbal metaphor. Furthermore, we will describe in detail and characterize a number of changes caused by metaphorical semantic change of Russian verbs from the perspective of multi-dimensional integration. This study breaks down the barriers between semantics, cognition, pragmatics and grammar and the traditional analysis pattern of semantic derivation which contributes to significant broadening of the theoretical semantic vision and deepening of the research of cognitive semantics problems of verbal metaphor. It also helps explore innovative analytical methods and strategies for the study of Russian lexical and syntactic semantics.
14
Hausser, Roland. "Memory-based Pattern Completion in Database Semantics." Language and Information 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2005): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29403/li.9.1.5.
15
Theodoratos, Dimitri, and Xiaoying Wu. "Assigning semantics to partial tree-pattern queries." Data & Knowledge Engineering 64, no. 1 (January 2008): 242–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2007.07.002.
16
KISELЕVA, LARISA KISELЕVA. "СЕМАНТИЧНАТА ДЕРИВАЦИЯ КАТО ЕДИН ОТ НАЙ-ВАЖНИТЕ ВИДОВЕ ЕЗИКОВИ ИНОВАЦИИ (ВЪРХУ МАТЕРИАЛ ОТ СЪВРЕМЕННИ МЕДИЙНИ ТЕКСТОВЕ) / SEMANTIC DERIVATION AS A MAJOR TYPE OF LANGUAGE INNOVATION (BASED ON CONTEMPORARY MEDIA TEXTS)". Journal of Bulgarian Language 68, PR (10 вересня 2021): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47810/bl.68.21.pr.07.
Анотація:
The study focuses on the most productive patterns of semantic derivation, namely metaphorical and metonymic transfer, exemplified by contemporary Russian media texts. The metaphorical and metonymic patterns outlined in the study are based on the principle of anthropocentrism, which is realized in two interrelated directions highlighting the cognitive nature of semantic relations: 1) person → surrounding world (external personalization); 2) surrounding world → person (description in view of the extralinguistic reality). Specific micro patterns are based on the concrete → abstract macro pattern. It can be argued that semantic derivation functions as a means of linguistic ex-pression of ideas about intangible entities, thus creating the respective images in the mind of the addressee. The results of the study are of relevance to lexical semantics, cognitive linguistics, media linguistics, etc. Keywords: semantic derivation, metaphor, metonymy, Russian, media texts, anthropocentrism
17
Dimković-Telebaković, Gordana. "English Compound Terms in Air Traffic and Waterways Transport and Traffic Engineering and their Translation into Serbian." Romanian Journal of English Studies 16, no. 1 (November 1, 2019): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjes-2019-0012.
Анотація:
AbstractIn this paper, we explore the morphological structure and semantics of 89 English compound terms and their Serbian equivalents, as employed in air traffic and waterways transport and traffic engineering. In order to facilitate the process of translating these English metaphorical compound lexemes into Serbian, 10 translation patterns and strategies are designed. The results of the analysis also show that English compound terms and translation equivalents in Serbian do not pattern in most cases. To obtain the findings, we develop a semantico-morpho-translation method.
18
Cuevas Rasgado, Alma Delia. "ANACONJ Analyzer of the Conjunction AND in Spanish Using Syntactic Patterns and Semantic Frames." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (June 20, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7086965.
Анотація:
Conjunctions have different interpretations: they eliminate redundancies: “María se bañó y se peinó” (Maria bathed and she combed her hair), unite different ideas: “Hoy llovió y no fui a corer” (Today it rained and I did not go to run) and use of lists: “Eran Alma, Edith y Omar” (They were Alma, Edith and Omar). Conjunctions take different semantic contexts. We understand each other because of the common sense despite expressing ourselves incorrectly from the standpoint of semantics, but for a computer it is difficult. In order to “understand” the sentences, the machine must solve semantics problems; this article exposes one of these problems. ANACONJ is an algorithm of pattern recognition of texts, which uses rules and syntactic patterns that analyze each word of a sentence in a phrase, identifying those sentences with conjunctions to build a semantic tree of the sentence where the conjunction connects words (nouns, verbs, etc.) according to their meaning. ANACONJ could be used as a teaching Spanish software tool and as an app for a service robot too.
19
RIESCO, ADRIÁN, and JUAN RODRÍGUEZ-HORTALÁ. "Singular and plural functions for functional logic programming." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 14, no. 1 (May 17, 2012): 65–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147106841200004x.
Анотація:
AbstractModern functional logic programming (FLP) languages use non-terminating and non-confluent constructor systems (CSs) as programs in order to define non-strict and non-deterministic functions. Two semantic alternatives have been usually considered for parameter passing with this kind of functions: call-time choice and run-time choice. While the former is the standard choice of modern FLP languages, the latter lacks some basic properties – mainly compositionality – that have prevented its use in practical FLP systems. Traditionally it has been considered that call-time choice induces a singular denotational semantics, while run-time choice induces a plural semantics. We have discovered that this latter identification is wrong when pattern matching is involved, and thus in this paper we propose two novel compositional plural semantics for CSs that are different from run-time choice.We investigate the basic properties of our plural semantics – compositionality, polarity, and monotonicity for substitutions, and a restricted form of the bubbling property for CSs – and the relation between them and to previous proposals, concluding that these semantics form a hierarchy in the sense of set inclusion of the set of values computed by them. Besides, we have identified a class of programs characterized by a simple syntactic criterion for which the proposed plural semantics behave the same, and a program transformation that can be used to simulate one of the proposed plural semantics by term rewriting. At the practical level, we study how to use the new expressive capabilities of these semantics for improving the declarative flavor of programs. As call-time choice is the standard semantics for FLP, it still remains the best option for many common programming patterns. Therefore, we propose a language that combines call-time choice and our plural semantics, which we have implemented in the Maude system. The resulting interpreter is then employed to develop and test several significant examples showing the capabilities of the combined semantics.
20
MARANGET, LUC. "Warnings for pattern matching." Journal of Functional Programming 17, no. 3 (February 15, 2007): 387–421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796807006223.
Анотація:
AbstractWe examine the ML pattern-matching anomalies of useless clauses and non-exhaustive matches. We state the definition of these anomalies, building upon pattern matching semantics, and propose a simple algorithm to detect them. We have integrated the algorithm in the Objective Caml compiler, but we show that the same algorithm is also usable in a non-strict language such as Haskell. Or-patterns are considered for both strict and non-strict languages.
21
Xiang, Yan, Jing Yang, Hao Zhu, and Ding Xiang Dong. "The Observer Pattern Research Based on rCOS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.936.
Анотація:
Design patterns is a good method to solve software crisis and realize the software reuse. It is usually combined with the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to establish the system framework. And Observer pattern is high frequently used in actual modeling. So this paper presents formalization of the Observer pattern based on refinement Calculus of Object Systems (rCOS), this research describes formal semantics of the patterns UML class diagram and sequence diagram and guarantee the characteristics and properties of the pattern at the same time in order to use system model accurately which involved Observer pattern.
22
Fernández-Martínez, Nicolás José, and Pamela Faber. "Who stole what from whom?" Languages in Contrast 20, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.19002.fer.
Анотація:
Abstract Drawing on the Lexical Grammar Model, Frame Semantics and Corpus Pattern Analysis, we analyze and contrast verbs of stealing in English and Spanish from a lexico-semantic perspective. This involves looking at the lexical collocates and their corresponding semantic categories that fill the argument slots of verbs of stealing. Our corpus search is performed with the Word Sketch tool on Sketch Engine. To the best of our knowledge, no study has yet taken advantage of the Word Sketch tool in the study of the selection preferences of verbs of stealing, let alone a semantic, cross-linguistic study of those verbs. Our findings reveal that English and Spanish verbs of stealing map out the same underlying semantic space. This shared conceptual layer can thus be incorporated into an ontology based on deep semantics, which could in turn enhance NLP tasks such as word sense disambiguation, machine translation, semantic tagging, and semantic parsing.
23
Zhao, Jiaojiao, Jungong Han, Ling Shao, and Cees G. M. Snoek. "Pixelated Semantic Colorization." International Journal of Computer Vision 128, no. 4 (December 7, 2019): 818–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-019-01271-4.
Анотація:
AbstractWhile many image colorization algorithms have recently shown the capability of producing plausible color versions from gray-scale photographs, they still suffer from limited semantic understanding. To address this shortcoming, we propose to exploit pixelated object semantics to guide image colorization. The rationale is that human beings perceive and distinguish colors based on the semantic categories of objects. Starting from an autoregressive model, we generate image color distributions, from which diverse colored results are sampled. We propose two ways to incorporate object semantics into the colorization model: through a pixelated semantic embedding and a pixelated semantic generator. Specifically, the proposed network includes two branches. One branch learns what the object is, while the other branch learns the object colors. The network jointly optimizes a color embedding loss, a semantic segmentation loss and a color generation loss, in an end-to-end fashion. Experiments on Pascal VOC2012 and COCO-stuff reveal that our network, when trained with semantic segmentation labels, produces more realistic and finer results compared to the colorization state-of-the-art.
24
Kong, Leilei, Zhongyuan Han, Yong Han, and Haoliang Qi. "A Deep Paraphrase Identification Model Interacting Semantics with Syntax." Complexity 2020 (October 30, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9757032.
Анотація:
Paraphrase identification is central to many natural language applications. Based on the insight that a successful paraphrase identification model needs to adequately capture the semantics of the language objects as well as their interactions, we present a deep paraphrase identification model interacting semantics with syntax (DPIM-ISS) for paraphrase identification. DPIM-ISS introduces the linguistic features manifested in syntactic features to produce more explicit structures and encodes the semantic representation of sentence on different syntactic structures by means of interacting semantics with syntax. Then, DPIM-ISS learns the paraphrase pattern from this representation interacting the semantics with syntax by exploiting a convolutional neural network with convolution-pooling structure. Experiments are conducted on the corpus of Microsoft Research Paraphrase (MSRP), PAN 2010 corpus, and PAN 2012 corpus for paraphrase plagiarism detection. The experimental results demonstrate that DPIM-ISS outperforms the classical word-matching approaches, the syntax-similarity approaches, the convolution neural network-based models, and some deep paraphrase identification models.
25
Ly Ngoc Toan and Nguyen Phuc. "Conflation Patterns Of Vietnamese Verbs A Cognitive Perspective." Journal of Namibian Studies : History Politics Culture 35 (July 15, 2023): 2326–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/jns.v35i.3975.
Анотація:
In order to represent complex events or conflation patterns, Vietnamese verbs that conflate are examined in this study for their semantic components. The lexicalization patterns presented by Talmy, L (2000), the semantic structure clarified by Jackendoff, R (1990), and the frame semantics postulated by Fillmore, C (1970) serve as the theoretical underpinnings of this study. This study sheds light on the blending of conceptual categories in Vietnamese verbs through empirical data. It focuses on the analysis of these conceptual categories, which include Action, Cause, Manner, Motion, Path, Perception, Position, and Location, within Vietnamese conflation patterns. The research investigates the combinability of these conceptual categories and provides a thorough comprehension of verb argument structures. It is anticipated that the analysis of Vietnamese conflation pattern typologies would add to the field's linguistic background. Examining conflation patterns also makes it easier to understand the underlying conceptualizations and cultural influences that influence language usage.
26
Santorio, Paolo. "Filtering Semantics for Counterfactuals: Bridging Causal Models and Premise Semantics." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 24 (April 5, 2015): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v24i0.2430.
Анотація:
<p>I argue that classical counterfactual semantics in the style of Stalnaker, Lewis, and Kratzer validates an inference pattern that is disconfirmed in natural language. The solution is to alter the algorithm we use to handle inconsistency in premise sets: rather than checking all maximally consistent fragments of a premise sets, as in Krazter's semantics, we selectively remove some of the premises. The proposed implementation starts from standard premise semantics and involves a new 'filtering' operation that achieves just this removal. The resulting semantics is interestingly related to the semantics for counterfactuals emerging from Judea Pearl's causal models framework in computer science: in particular, filtering is a possible worlds semantics counterpart of Pearl's interventions.</p>
27
Zappulla, Carmelo, Cristian Suau, and Alenka Fikfak. "THE PATTERN MAKING OF MEGA-SLUMS ON SEMANTICS IN SLUM URBAN CULTURES." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 38, no. 4 (December 23, 2014): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2014.987368.
Анотація:
Mega-slums are dynamic laboratories for urban pattern making. Instead of surveying about stable urban symbols represented by formal orders and regular geometries, this study explores the semantic meaning of informal urbanism associated with chaos or randomness and often ignored by critique and conventions. Slums are forms of ‘instant urbanity’ that underscore alternative ways of self-organisation, which include bottom-up strategies, autonomous urban dynamics and spatial activation by remaking. Are slum patterns representing a lack of symbolism or, on contrary, rich, complex, and fluid urban idioms? Urban informality without planning offers immense opportunities to investigate resilient urban forms and languages as complex systems throughout self-ruled structures. Slums are not only the result of urban economic asymmetries and social marginalisation but the elementary construction of survival urbanism, a randomised, agile and transformative pattern system. Slum making is a form of subsistence urbanity that constructs transitory, elusive or spontaneous geometries. They differ in sizes, magnitudes and geometries regarding cultural, climatic and topographic conditions. Slums are unstable systems in continuous transformation. This essay questions the stigmatisation of informalised urban patterns as ‘other’ unclassified codes by analysing a selection of twenty mega-slums in the Americas, Africa and Asia regarding semantics, urban and geometrical meanings. Their urban tissues contain various symbols that activate the every-day production of spaces. They can be visible or invisible; passive or active; and formal or informal. A taxonomic tree of slums was developed to compare and map slum regions to describe similarities and differences among the selected case studies. From this analysis, a profound discourse appeared between informal settlements: tissue-patterns at macro level and cell-patterns in micro urbanisation. Does the macro pattern inform the micro, or vice versa?
28
Huang, W., S. Li, and S. Xu. "A THREE-STEP SPATIAL-TEMPORAL-SEMANTIC CLUSTERING METHOD FOR HUMAN ACTIVITY PATTERN ANALYSIS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b2-549-2016.
Анотація:
How people move in cities and what they do in various locations at different times form human activity patterns. Human activity pattern plays a key role in in urban planning, traffic forecasting, public health and safety, emergency response, friend recommendation, and so on. Therefore, scholars from different fields, such as social science, geography, transportation, physics and computer science, have made great efforts in modelling and analysing human activity patterns or human mobility patterns. One of the essential tasks in such studies is to find the locations or places where individuals stay to perform some kind of activities before further activity pattern analysis. <br><br> In the era of Big Data, the emerging of social media along with wearable devices enables human activity data to be collected more easily and efficiently. Furthermore, the dimension of the accessible human activity data has been extended from two to three (space or space-time) to four dimensions (space, time and semantics). More specifically, not only a location and time that people stay and spend are collected, but also what people “say” for in a location at a time can be obtained. The characteristics of these datasets shed new light on the analysis of human mobility, where some of new methodologies should be accordingly developed to handle them. <br><br> Traditional methods such as neural networks, statistics and clustering have been applied to study human activity patterns using geosocial media data. Among them, clustering methods have been widely used to analyse spatiotemporal patterns. However, to our best knowledge, few of clustering algorithms are specifically developed for handling the datasets that contain spatial, temporal and semantic aspects all together. In this work, we propose a three-step human activity clustering method based on space, time and semantics to fill this gap. One-year Twitter data, posted in Toronto, Canada, is used to test the clustering-based method. The results show that the approximate 55% spatiotemporal clusters distributed in different locations can be eventually grouped as the same type of clusters with consideration of semantic aspect.
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Huang, W., S. Li, and S. Xu. "A THREE-STEP SPATIAL-TEMPORAL-SEMANTIC CLUSTERING METHOD FOR HUMAN ACTIVITY PATTERN ANALYSIS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B2 (June 8, 2016): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b2-549-2016.
Анотація:
How people move in cities and what they do in various locations at different times form human activity patterns. Human activity pattern plays a key role in in urban planning, traffic forecasting, public health and safety, emergency response, friend recommendation, and so on. Therefore, scholars from different fields, such as social science, geography, transportation, physics and computer science, have made great efforts in modelling and analysing human activity patterns or human mobility patterns. One of the essential tasks in such studies is to find the locations or places where individuals stay to perform some kind of activities before further activity pattern analysis. <br><br> In the era of Big Data, the emerging of social media along with wearable devices enables human activity data to be collected more easily and efficiently. Furthermore, the dimension of the accessible human activity data has been extended from two to three (space or space-time) to four dimensions (space, time and semantics). More specifically, not only a location and time that people stay and spend are collected, but also what people “say” for in a location at a time can be obtained. The characteristics of these datasets shed new light on the analysis of human mobility, where some of new methodologies should be accordingly developed to handle them. <br><br> Traditional methods such as neural networks, statistics and clustering have been applied to study human activity patterns using geosocial media data. Among them, clustering methods have been widely used to analyse spatiotemporal patterns. However, to our best knowledge, few of clustering algorithms are specifically developed for handling the datasets that contain spatial, temporal and semantic aspects all together. In this work, we propose a three-step human activity clustering method based on space, time and semantics to fill this gap. One-year Twitter data, posted in Toronto, Canada, is used to test the clustering-based method. The results show that the approximate 55% spatiotemporal clusters distributed in different locations can be eventually grouped as the same type of clusters with consideration of semantic aspect.
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Knapik, Michal Jozef, Etienne Andre, Laure Petrucci, Wojciech Jamroga, and Wojciech Penczek. "Timed ATL: Forget Memory, Just Count." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (September 16, 2019): 197–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11612.
Анотація:
In this paper we investigate the Timed Alternating-Time Temporal Logic (TATL), a discrete-time extension of ATL. In particular, we propose, systematize, and further study semantic variants of TATL, based on different notions of a strategy. The notions are derived from different assumptions about the agents’ memory and observational capabilities, and range from timed perfect recall to untimed memoryless plans. We also introduce a new semantics based on counting the number of visits to locations during the play. We show that all the semantics, except for the untimed memoryless one, are equivalent when punctuality constraints are not allowed in the formulae. In fact, abilities in all those notions of a strategy collapse to the “counting” semantics with only two actions allowed per location. On the other hand, this simple pattern does not extend to the full TATL.
As a consequence, we establish a hierarchy of TATL semantics, based on the expressivity of the underlying strategies, and we show when some of the semantics coincide. In particular, we prove that more compact representations are possible for a reasonable subset of TATL specifications, which should improve the efficiency of model checking and strategy synthesis.
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Yin, Li Jie, Ya Zhen, and Qi Li Fan. "Research on Image Scene Semantics Recognition System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.330.
Анотація:
In order to get better image Semantics recognition, in this paper, a scene Semantics recognition system based on fuzzy reasoning is presented. The system contains three parts: image preprocessing, target recognition, and fuzzy reasoning machine. Compared with other methods, the outputs of pattern classifiers are fuzzed, the fuzzy relationships between targets are extracted, and fuzzy inference is performed using fuzzy automata. The experiment indicates that this method could overcome the problems of false positive and false negative of pattern classifiers, and perform relatively more accurate image semantics recognition than other existing methods.
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Przelaskowski, Artur. "Semantic Sparse Representation of Disease Patterns." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 56, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10177-010-0036-x.
Анотація:
Semantic Sparse Representation of Disease PatternsSparse data representation is discussed in a context of useful fundamentals led to semantic content description and extraction of information. Disease patterns as semantic information extracted from medical images were underlined because of discussed application of computer-aided diagnosis. Compressive sensing rules were adjusted to the requirements of diagnostic pattern recognition. Proposed methodology of sparse disease patterns considers accuracy of sparse representation to estimate target content for detailed analysis. Semantics of sparse representation were modeled by morphological content analysis. Subtle or hidden components were extracted and displayed to increase information completeness. Usefulness of sparsity was verified for computer-aided diagnosis of stroke based on brain CT scans. Implemented method was based on selective and sparse representation of subtle hypodensity to improve diagnosis. Visual expression of disease signatures was fixed to radiologist requirements, domain knowledge and experimental analysis issues. Diagnosis assistance suitability was proven by experimental subjective rating and automatic recognition.
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Aldasheva, K. S., and A. Nurym. "SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF PHRASAL VERBS IN ENGLISH." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 76, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-2.1728-7804.02.
Анотація:
English phrasal verbs are one of the key and difficult parts in English learning. Since the traditional linguistics holds that English phrasal verb is an integral thing that cannot be analyzed, learners can only perform rote tasks of memorization which is time-consuming and inefficient. However, cognitive linguistics holds that the semantics of phrasal verbs and their constituents, verbs and particles, are both prescriptive and analytical. These dual attributes of phrasal verbs require researchers using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics to analyze the semantics of phrasal verbs, so that learners can master phrasal verbs systematically and efficiently. The research deals with classifications of phrasal verbs into lexico-semantic groups and their further division intosubgroups. It is concluded that the adverbial element should be brought more into the limelight as shaping the semantic pattern of the phrasal construction and its functioning in speech.
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Malá, Markéta, and Gabriela Brůhová. "English presentative semantic patterns as seen through a parallel translation corpus." Languages in Contrast 19, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 232–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.17007.mal.
Анотація:
Abstract The present paper studies the English presentative semantic pattern whose function is to introduce a new phenomenon into the discourse, relating it to an already established location. A contrastive (English-Czech) cross-linguistic corpus-assisted approach is applied to explore syntactically diverse forms which represent the same presentative semantic pattern: ‘location – presentation verb – new phenomenon’. We focus on English sentences in which the location is expressed syntactically as the subject. The English constructions with a locative subject were detected as translation counterparts of Czech sentence-initial locative adverbials realized by prepositional phrases. Our study demonstrates that the potential of the sentence to introduce a new phenomenon in discourse is primarily based on the semantics of the verb.
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., Geethapriya Uvaraja. "RECOMMENDATION GENERATION BY INTEGRATING SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING AND SEMANTICS." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 01 (January 25, 2014): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0301032.
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Chen, Dan. "A Study on the Acquisition of Possession Constructions in Chinese Preschool Children’s Natural Utterances." International Journal of Linguistics 15, no. 2 (April 16, 2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v15i2.20839.
Анотація:
Based on the natural utterances of six Chinese-speaking preschool children, this paper examines the syntactic and semantic features of possession constructions. First of all, in terms of the syntax, there are three main types of possession constructions, including adnominal, predicative, and external possessions, as well as eight variations. Meanwhile, the older the children are, the more syntactic variations and frequencies they produce, and the more complex their syntactic structures become, following a developmental pattern from simple to complex. Secondly, in terms of semantics, the children express four main types of semantics: interpersonal, whole-part, ownership and spatiotemporal relationships, involving nine subtypes, such as social relationships, kinship and so on. The longitudinal features of the semantics have a developmental path from familiar to unfamiliar, concrete to abstract, and single to diverse. Finally, Studies have shown that children actively and gradually construct language in their interactions with adults, in a certain degree, which means that the driving force for children’s syntactic acquisition and development comes from language use.
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Zhang, Jialun, Greg Morrisett, and Gang Tan. "Interval Parsing Grammars for File Format Parsing." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 7, PLDI (June 6, 2023): 1073–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3591264.
Анотація:
File formats specify how data is encoded for persistent storage. They cannot be formalized as context-free grammars since their specifications include context-sensitive patterns such as the random access pattern and the type-length-value pattern. We propose a new grammar mechanism called Interval Parsing Grammars IPGs) for file format specifications. An IPG attaches to every nonterminal/terminal an interval, which specifies the range of input the nonterminal/terminal consumes. By connecting intervals and attributes, the context-sensitive patterns in file formats can be well handled. In this paper, we formalize IPGs' syntax as well as its semantics, and its semantics naturally leads to a parser generator that generates a recursive-descent parser from an IPG. In general, IPGs are declarative, modular, and enable termination checking. We have used IPGs to specify a number of file formats including ZIP, ELF, GIF, PE, and part of PDF; we have also evaluated the performance of the generated parsers.
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LIQUORI, LUIGI, and BERNARD PAUL SERPETTE. "iRho: an imperative rewriting calculus." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 18, no. 3 (June 2008): 467–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129508006750.
Анотація:
We propose an imperative version of the Rewriting Calculus, a calculus based on pattern matching, pattern abstraction and side effects, which we call iRho.We formulate both a static and big-stepcall-by-valueoperational semantics of iRho. The operational semantics is deterministic, and immediately suggests how an interpreter for the calculus may be built. The static semantics is given using a first-order type system based on a form of product types, which can be assigned to term-like structures (that is, records).The calculus isà laChurch, that is, pattern abstractions are decorated with the types of the free variables of the pattern.iRho is a good candidate for the core of a pattern-matching imperative language, where a (monomorphic) typed store can be safely manipulated and where fixed points are built into the language itself.Properties such as determinism of the interpreter and subject-reduction have been completely checked using a machine-assisted approach with theCoqproof assistant. Progress and decidability of type checking are proved using pen and paper.
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AMBRIDGE, BEN, and RYAN P. BLYTHING. "A connectionist model of the retreat from verb argument structure overgeneralization." Journal of Child Language 43, no. 6 (November 16, 2015): 1245–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000915000586.
Анотація:
AbstractA central question in language acquisition is how children build linguistic representations that allow them to generalize verbs from one construction to another (e.g.,The boy gave a present to the girl→The boy gave the girl a present), whilst appropriately constraining those generalizations to avoid non-adultlike errors (e.g.,I said no to her → *I said her no). Although a consensus is emerging that learners solve this problem using both statistical and semantics-based learning procedures (e.g., entrenchment, pre-emption, and semantic verb class formation), there currently exist few – if any – proposals for a learning model that combines these mechanisms. The present study used a connectionist model to test an account that argues for competition between constructions based on (a) verb-in construction frequency, (b) relevance of constructions for the speaker's intended message, and (c) fit between the fine-grained semantic properties of individual verbs and individual constructions. The model was able not only (a) to simulate the overall pattern of overgeneralization-then-retreat, but also (b) to use the semantics of novel verbs to predict their argument structure privileges (just as real learners do), and (c) to predict the pattern of by-verb grammaticality judgements observed in adult studies.
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Kozhinowa, Alla. "Semantics and motivation of the concept of health in Russian dialects." Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury 33 (October 12, 2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.67.
Анотація:
The article focuses on two motivational patterns involved in the axiological concept of health in Russian dialects. These are “health← firmness, strength, power>> and “health ← movement, location in a place>>. It is claimed that recurrent motivation patterns consolidate a large variety of expressions that convey the axiological concept health to a limited number of patterns. This becomes evident when not only word-formational motivation (the so-called “near>> motivation) but also the inner form of a word (the so-called “distant>> motivation) is considered. At the same time, popular consciousness within the boundaries of one pattern can reveal ambivalent views of reality.
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Ozonova, Aiiana A. "Patterns of semantics forming for the -out component in verb-adverbial compounds." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 4 (2021): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_86_96.
Анотація:
The current paper aims to analyze structural types of polypredicative sentences of purpose in the Altai language in comparison with Tuvan and Yakut. The material for this study was obtained by continuous sampling from folklore, fiction and Press in the Altai language. For comparison with Tuvan and Yakut, books and articles covering grammar issues of those languages, particularly syntax, were used. In the course of study, descriptive and comparative methods were applied together with the method of structural modeling. It was found that in order to express purpose, the following patterns are used: (i) monofinite (participial-case, participial-postpositional, adverbial-participial), and (ii) bifinite with conjunctions. The comparison showed that the systems of patterns expressing purpose in the languages differ in syntactic arrangement, postpositions and participial-case forms. This study enabled to identify 6 patterns of purpose in Altai compared to 8 in Tuvan described by L. A. Shamina and 14 in Yakut identified by N. N. Efremova. Clearly, Yakut demonstrates the most developed system of the patterns. It was also found that in all the three languages, monofinite patterns are dominant. Two patterns were identified as common for the three languages: (i) monofinite participial pattern with reason-purpose postposition учун / ужун / иhин 'because of, in oder to', and (ii) bifinite pattern with the common Turkic link деп / диэн 'in order to'. Another finding was that adverbial-participial patterns are mono-subject while participial-case and participial-postpositional patterns are variable-subject. The outlook for further study will include semantic types and functioning analysis of the patterns of purpose in Altai compared to other Siberian Turkic languages.
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Braisby, Nick, and Bradley Franks. "Semantics versus pragmatics in colour categorization." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20, no. 2 (June 1997): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x97241427.
Анотація:
We argue that the confusing pattern of evidence concerning colour categorization reported by Saunders & van Brakel is unsurprising. On a perspectival view, categorization may follow semantic or pragmatic attributes. Colour lacks clear semantic attributes; as a result categorization is necessarily pragmatic and context-sensitive. This view of colour categorization helps explain the developmental delay in colour naming.
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SCHERP, ANSGAR, CARSTEN SAATHOFF, and STEFAN SCHEGLMANN. "A PATTERN SYSTEM FOR DESCRIBING THE SEMANTICS OF STRUCTURED MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENTS." International Journal of Semantic Computing 06, no. 03 (September 2012): 263–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x12400089.
Анотація:
Today's metadata models and metadata standards often focus on a specific media type only, lack combinability with other metadata models, or are limited with respect to the features they support. Thus they are not sufficient to describe the semantics of rich, structured multimedia documents. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a comprehensive model for representing multimedia metadata, the Multimedia Metadata Ontology (M3O). The M3O has been developed by an extensive analysis of related work and abstracts from the features of existing metadata models and metadata standards. It is based on the foundational ontology DOLCE+DnS Ultralight and makes use of ontology design patterns. The M3O serves as generic modeling framework for integrating the existing metadata models and metadata standards rather than replacing them. As such, the M3O can be used internally as semantic data model within complex multimedia applications such as authoring tools or multimedia management systems. To make use of the M3O in concrete multimedia applications, a generic application programming interface (API) has been implemented based on a sophisticated persistence layer that provides explicit support for ontology design patterns. To demonstrate applicability of the M3O API, we have integrated and applied it with our SemanticMM4U framework for the multi-channel generation of semantically annotated multimedia documents.
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Luttermann, Karin. "Verständliche Semantik in schriftlichen Kommunikationsformen." Fachsprache 32, no. 3-4 (May 31, 2017): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/fs.v32i3-4.1395.
Анотація:
The paper Comprehensible semantics in written forms of communication deals with the comprehensibility of legal semantics in written legal communication for legal experts andlay persons. The Comprehensibility Model of Legal Language is in the tradition of linguistic pragmatics and exemplifies the language use in German product liability law which belongsto the core of consumer protection in everyday economic transactions. This includes lexemes such as ‘Fehler’ (error), ‘Produkt’ (product), ‘Sache’ (object) or ‘Mangel’ (defect) which occur both in expert as well as in non-expert situations of use.Intersections in the semantic explication between legal experts and laypersons as well as communicative problems of legal laypersons are determined. The linguistic problems must besolved in interdisciplinary committees of linguists and legal experts: e.g., in the editorial team Legal Language in the German Federal Ministry of Justice or in an European Competence Center for language and the law. The Comprehensibility Model aims at comprehensible communication of the law, in order to implement the concept of linguistic democracy. It works in the horizon of the recipient. This designates adequacy with regard to object and addressee for the production and reception of legal texts.The methodological basis is multiperspectivity: with the theory pattern, the empirical pattern, the results pattern and the comparison pattern. This leads to new possibilities for research on language for special purposes, transcending traditional disciplinary boundaries, as well as to new, practically relevant professional fields for students of Applied Linguistics (e.g., legal editor, executive consultant).
45
Hillert, Albin. "Scalar semantics in the foreground." Constructions and Frames 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2011): 155–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.3.2.01hil.
Анотація:
This paper offers a corpus-based study of the noun phrase pattern exemplified in This is anticipated to be more common a scenario than fleas spreading bubonic plague, referred to as the Optional Postposed Indefinite Article Noun Phrase (OPIANP). The central question is whether there is semantic motivation for this postposition of the indefinite article. The results suggest that there is such motivation, namely that the OPIANP could be an extension of a more frequent construction identified as the Postposed Indefinite Article Noun Phrase (PIANP). It is shown that the pattern’s semantics is unpredictable from its component parts and that its primary function is to position already given arguments on an adjectival scale, thus foregrounding scalar qualities and backgrounding the nominal meaning. These findings are then discussed in light of current grammatical theory, and some suggestions are made for future research.
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Nakayama, Yotaro, Seiki Akama, and Tetsuya Murai. "Bilattice Logic for Rough Sets." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2020): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2020.p0774.
Анотація:
Rough set theory is studied to manage uncertain and inconsistent information. Because Pawlak’s decision logic for rough sets is based on the classical two-valued logic, it is inconvenient for handling inconsistent information. We propose a bilattice logic as the deduction basis for the decision logic of rough sets to address inconsistent and ambiguous information. To enhance the decision logic to bilattice semantics, we introduce Variable Precision Rough Set (VPRS). As a deductive basis for bilattice decision logic, we define a consequence relation for Belnap’s four-valued semantics and provide a bilattice semantic tableau TB4 for a deduction system. We demonstrate the soundness and completeness of TB4 and enhance it with weak negation.
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Bran Selić, Bran. "On the Precise Semantics of the Software Layering Design Pattern." Journal of Object Technology 20, no. 2 (2021): 2:1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5381/jot.2021.20.2.a6.
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Mar, Gary, and Patrick Grim. "Pattern and Chaos: New Images in the Semantics of Paradox." Noûs 25, no. 5 (December 1991): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2215637.
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McNeill, Allan, and A. Mike Burton. "The locus of semantic priming effects in person recognition." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 55, no. 4 (October 2002): 1141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980244000189.
Анотація:
Semantic priming in person recognition has been studied extensively. In a typical experiment, participants are asked to make a familiarity decision to target items that have been immediately preceded by related or unrelated primes. Facilitation is usually observed from related primes, and this priming is equivalent across stimulus domains (i.e., faces and names prime one another equally). Structural models of face recognition (e.g., IAC: Burton, Bruce, Johnston, 1990) accommodate these effects by proposing a level of person identity nodes (PINs) at which recognition routes converge, and which allow access to a common pool of semantics. We present three experiments that examine semantic priming for different decisions. Priming for a semantic decision (e.g., British/American?) shows exactly the same pattern that is normally observed for a familiarity decision. The pattern is equivalent for name and face recognition. However, no semantic priming is observed when participants are asked to make a sex decision. These results constrain future models of face processing and are discussed with reference to current theories of semantic priming.
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Ryzhova, Daria. "Фрагмент лексической системы казымского диалекта хантыйского языка: глаголы pitti ‘упасть, попасть’ и χɔjti ‘задеть, попасть’ и их аргументная структура". Ural-Altaic Studies 45, № 2 (2022): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-123-140.
Анотація:
The study describes the semantics of the Kazym Khanty verbs pitti ‘to fall; to get into somewhere’ and χɔjti ‘to touch; to hit the target’ as analyzed from the perspective of the frame-based approach to lexical typology. According to this approach, semantic fields consist of certain situation types, or frames, which are denoted by the lexemes belonging to the field. The situation types correspond to distributional patterns and serve as a basis for cross-linguistic comparison of word meanings. The paper identifies and illustrates the sets of physical meanings of the verbs in question, with a special focus on the domain of variation between pitti and χɔjti. It is shown that these verbs concur in contexts involving the semantics of either getting (occasionally) into somewhere (cf. A fly got into my soup) or hitting the target (cf. The arrow hit him in the arm). Evidence from Kazym Khanty, as well as from available cross-linguistic data, suggests that these meanings are adjacent to each other, while the meaning ‘to get into somewhere’ is closer to the domain of falling, and the meaning ‘to hit the target’ is closer to the domain of physical contact. Thus, the meanings ‘to fall’, ‘to get into somewhere’, ‘to hit the target’, and ‘to touch’ form a semantic continuum with no clear-cut boundaries between the semantic fields. This hypothesis is further supported by morphosyntactic variation in encoding of the patientive argument of the verb χɔjti, which seems to be influenced by the morphological pattern inherent to the verb pitti.