Дисертації з теми "Patent acquisition"
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1
Xu, Puwei, and Wulf Loïc De. "Acquisitions: Poison Pill for Innovation?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-6149.
Анотація:
Nowadays, many firms are or have already been engaged in an acquisition process, either as target or acquirer. While these companies seem confident in the potential returns of such endeavors, the positive aspect of those acquisitions has yet to be proven. There is indeed a vivid discussion among scholars, which are divided into two categories. On the one hand, there are those considering acquisitions as a source of additional knowledge that will in turn increase the innovation within the company; and on the other hand, those denigrating acquisitions, assimilating them to a “poison pill” for innovation. The purpose of this research is therefore to investigate whether the acquisitions will influence positively or negatively the innovative performance of companies involved in such processes. Using a quantitative approach, this research analyzed the R&D investments made by those companies and the issued patents gained in return. The research provides mixed results. While acquisitions seem to have a positive impact on the companies‟ innovative performance during the two years following the acquisition, this positive impact does not last and even becomes negative during the third year.
2
Payne, Bridget Áine. "State-Financed Merger and Acquisition Activity in Germany as a Catalyst for Robust Chinese Patent Law Enforcement." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1171.
Анотація:
Germany’s economic dominance in Europe, generous investment incentives, and technical manufacturing prowess has encouraged an influx of Chinese-led inbound activity, concentrated in high-tech sector mergers and acquisitions. A close examination of these M&As yields evidence of systemic Chinese state-financing through both state-owned and private vehicles that likely stems from China’s “Made in China 2025” policy, which hopes to stem capital outflow and to indigenize technological innovation. As Germany braces for what it sees to be continuous attempts by China to take patented German technology through M&As, it worries that Chinese patent law will allow for rampant patent infringement by copycat Chinese entities.
This paper presents an overview of the root causes of China’s heavy economic activity in Germany, as well as an analysis of the legal concerns held by German firms based on a close reading of the Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China and strategic recommendations for German companies hoping to work with or in China.
3
Maronero, Cecilia. "Innovation, Intellectual Property Rights and Non-Practicing Entities in the European Patent Market." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0488.
Анотація:
Les brevets sont une forme de droits de propriété intellectuelle (PI) particulièrement pertinente pour promouvoir les activités innovantes. Un brevet accorde à son propriétaire un droit exclusif temporaire sur des inventions qui sont nouvelles, qui impliquent une étape inventive et qui sont susceptibles d'une application industrielle. En s'appuyant sur ce droit, les inventeurs peuvent protéger leurs idées contre l'imitation et obtenir un retour économique sur leurs investissements en recherche et développement (R&D). Cependant, l'utilisation des brevets a connu une transformation significative, s'étendant bien au-delà de l'objectif traditionnel de récompenser les efforts innovants. Particulièrement dans le domaine des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC), les brevets sont de plus en plus utilisés comme des outils stratégiques (Blind, 2021). De plus, au cours des trois dernières décennies, l'augmentation marquée du nombre de brevets accordés et l'essor sans précédent du commerce des brevets ont ouvert la voie à de nouveaux intermédiaires sur le marché des technologies (Hagiu et Yoffie, 2013). Les Non-Practicing Entities (NPEs)—des entreprises qui n'utilisent pas leurs brevets de manière traditionnelle dans la fabrication, mais qui se consacrent principalement à la concession de licences et à l'application—ont émergé en tant qu'acteurs importants sur le marché des brevets (Golden, 2007; Feldman et Ewing, 2012). Également Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs), parfois désignées de manière péjorative sous le nom de "patent trolls," les NPEs ont fortement polarisé le débat académique et politique. En raison de leur statut de non-producteurs, les NPEs bénéficient des avantages uniques par rapport aux entreprises productrices. Ils sont généralement à l'abri des contre-réclamations pour contrefaçon de brevet et ont récemment été accusés de mettre en œuvre des stratégies de "hold-up" de brevets (Lemley et Shapiro, 2007), que certains estiment imposer un "impôt sur l'innovation" significatif avec des effets négatifs potentiels sur l'innovation future (Chien, 2008). Alors que les NPEs ont été largement analysées sur le marché des brevets aux États-Unis depuis leur apparition au début des années 2000 (Mezzanotti, 2021; Lemley et Zyontz, 2021), ce n'est que récemment que les chercheurs ont commencé à étudier leur présence sur le marché technologique européen (Fusco, 2013; Love, 2013; Leiponen et Delcamp, 2019). Cette thèse vise à combler ces lacunes de recherche en examinant le phénomène des NPEs sur le marché des brevets européens. D'abord, nous explorons et analysons de manière approfondie la littérature sur les modèles économiques des NPEs en adoptant une approche bibliométrique guidée par le protocole Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) pour les revues systématiques de littérature. De plus, nous intégrerons trois études de cas sur les modèles économiques des NPEs. Ensuite, nous étudions empiriquement la présence des NPEs sur le marché des brevets européens grâce à un nouveau jeu de données crée pour analyser les demandes de brevet et les acquisitions de NPEs à l'Office européen des brevets (OEB). Nous élaborons aussi une taxonomie originale, classant ainsi les NPEs en trois modèles économiques : "Litigation", "Portfolio" et "Technology". Enfin, nous explorons empiriquement l'interaction entre les caractéristiques de qualité des brevets revendiqués et la propension des NPEs à choisir des juridictions européennes spécifiques pour engager des poursuites (« forum shopping »)Patents are a form of intellectual property rights (IPRs) that are especially relevant to promoting innovative activities. A patent grants its owner a temporary exclusive right over inventions that are new, involve an inventive step and are susceptible of industrial application. Relying on this right, inventors can protect their ideas from imitation and gain an economic return from their investments in research and development (R&D). However, the use of patents has undergone a significant transformation, extending far beyond the traditional purpose of rewarding innovative efforts. Particularly in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), patents are increasingly used as strategic tools (Blind, 2021). Moreover, over the past three decades, the sharp increase in the number of granted patents and the unprecedented flourishing of patent trading have paved the way for new intermediaries in the market for technology (Hagiu and Yoffie, 2013). Non-practicing entities (NPEs)—firms that do not use their patents in a traditional manufacturing sense, but primarily engage in licensing and enforcement—have emerged as prominent actors on the patent market (Golden, 2007; Feldman and Ewing, 2012). Also referred to as Patent Assertion Entities (PAEs), sometimes pejoratively called "patent trolls," NPEs have greatly polarized the academic and policy debate. Due to their non-manufacturing status, NPEs have unique advantages over operating companies. They are typically shielded from patent infringement counter-claims and have recently faced allegations of employing patent "hold-up" strategies (Lemley and Shapiro, 2007), which some argue it imposes a significant "tax on innovation" with potential negative effects on subsequent innovation (Chien, 2008). While NPEs have been extensively analyzed in the US patent market since their emergence in the early 2000s (Mezzanotti, 2021; Lemley and Zyontz, 2021), it is only recently that researchers have started to investigate their presence in the European technology market (Fusco, 2013; Love, 2013; Leiponen and Delcamp, 2019). This thesis aims to address these research gaps by examining the NPE phenomenon in the European patent marketplace. First, we extensively explore and analyze the literature on NPE business models by adopting a novel bibliometric approach guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol for systematic literature reviews. In addition, we will integrate three relevant NPE business models case studies. Second, we empirically investigate the presence of NPEs in the European patent market through a brand- new dataset of NPE patent filings and acquisitions at the European Patent Office (EPO). Furthermore, we develop an original taxonomy, thus categorizing NPEs into three business models: "Litigation," "Portfolio" and "Technology" NPEs. Finally, we empirically explore the interplay between the quality characteristics of the asserted patent and the propensity of NPEs to choose specific European jurisdictions where to initiate litigation (forum shopping)
4
Mohamed, Ramadan Alaa. "L'abus du droit de brevet : étude comparée de droit français et égyptien." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10019/document.
Анотація:
Le droit de brevet, sacralisé par sa qualification de droit de propriété, et renforcé par les dispositions des accords internationaux et des lois nationales, est facilement susceptible d'acquisition et d'exercice abusive. En outre, la défaillance de certains offices des brevets amplifie les possibilités de l'appropriation abusive. Les situations de l'acquisition abusive du droit de brevet sont plus fréquentes dans le secteur des hautes technologies (l'industrie pharmaceutique, la biotechnologie et l'industrie de l'informatique). Ces abus, d'une part, entravent la réalisation de la fonction assignée au droit de brevet et, d'autre part, restreignent la liberté de la concurrence. Les dispositions du droit des brevets et celles du droit de la concurrence imposent des limites au pouvoir des brevetés, pouvoir issu de leur droit privatif, afin de réaliser l'intérêt général. Cependant, ces deux corps de règles ne viennent pas au secours des particuliers dont les intérêts privés peuvent être atteints par l'usage abusif du droit de brevet. La théorie de l'abus de droit, principe général du droit commun, comble cette lacune. Malgré son application limitée et prudente en matière du droit de brevet, son utilité n'est pas à négliger. Elle permet de prévenir et de sanctionner l'usage anormal du droit de brevet. La comparaison entre le droit français et égyptien montre que la différence du niveau de développement économique et industriel entre les pays influe sur leur politique législative à l'égard du droit des brevetsPatent law is easily subject to acquisition and abusive exercise although it's sacred due to his qualification of property rights and strengthened by the international agreements and national laws. The failure of some patent offices amplifies the possibilities of this abusive appropriation. Situations of abuse of patent rights are more frequent in the high technology sector (pharmaceutical, biotechnology and computer industry).On the one hand, these abuses hinder the realization of the function assigned to patent law, and on the other hand, they restrict freedom of competition. The legal measures of patent law and those of competition law impose limits on the power of the patentees which is stemming from their exclusive right, to realize the general interest. However, these rules don't protect private individuals whose interests can be affected by the abusive use of patent rights. The theory of abuse of law, a general principle of the common law, fills this gap. In spite of its limited and prudent application on the patent right, its utility is not to neglect. It helps to prevent and to sanction the abnormal use of the patent right. The comparison between the Egyptian and French law shows that the difference in the level of economic and industrial development between the two countries affects their legislative policy with regards to patent law
5
Willmann, Chantel Shroyer. "Comparison of the effects of programmed instruction versus lecture on knowledge acquisition among post myocardial infarction patients." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834614.
Анотація:
The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of either a programmed instruction booklet or group lecture on knowledge of post myocardial infarction patients. A convenience sample of 30 post myocardial infarction patients enrolled in Cardiac Rehabilitation at a midwestern hospital were asked to participate.Subjects were assigned either to the experimental group or the lecture group. The pretest was administered to both groups. The experimental group received the self instruction booklet and the lecture group received a posttest was immediately completed by the participants. A nonequivalent pretest-posttest repeated measure design was utilized in the study.The results of the study showed a mean improvement in knowledge scores for both the booklet group and lecture group, with the booklet group having the larger gain in knowledge scores. The knowledge gain however, was not significant at the 0.05 level.School of Nursing
6
Marthinsen, Tor Henrik Aasness. "Conversational CBR for Improved Patient Information Acquisition." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8803.
Анотація:
In this thesis we describe our study of two knowledge intensive Conversational Case-Based Reasoning (CCBR) systems and their methods. We look in particular at the way they have solved inferencing and question ranking. Then we continue with a description of our own design for a CCBR system, that will help patients share their experiences of side effects with drugs, with other patients. We describe how we create cases, how our question selection methods work and present an example of how the domain model will look. It is also included a simulation of how a dialogue would be for a patient. The design we have created is a good basis for implementing a knowledge intensive CCBR system. The system should work better than a normal CCBR system, because of the inferencing and question ranking methods, which should lessen the cognitive load on the user and require fewer questions answered, to reach a good solution.
7
Chondrakis, George. "The strategic management of intellectual property : patent value and acquisitions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9a1c6dc0-7289-4bb2-ae21-8bdb5d81f78a.
Анотація:
In this dissertation I explore the role and importance of patent strategy for appropriating returns from innovation. In particular, I examine the mechanisms through which firms increase appropriability from patenting by employing complementary resources and capabilities and gauge their contribution to firm performance. To this end, I perform three empirical studies. In the first study, I focus on measuring patent value and demonstrate that the importance of firm resources and capabilities is much higher than previously thought. I interpret these results as providing strong support for the view that the design of patent strategy is crucial for profiting from innovation. In the second study, I look into a sample of technology acquisitions and examine under what circumstances firms profit from combining previously separate patent rights. I demonstrate that the merging of overlapping patent portfolios give rise to inimitable synergies, albeit only in complex technology industries. In addition, I find that firms are more likely to acquire targets with patents when their patent productivity is low, when they have a technologically diverse patent portfolio in complex technology industries and when they face an increased threat of being involved in patent suits. In the third study, I explore the role of patent strategies in the non-technological domain. I demonstrate that recent regulatory changes enabling the patenting of business methods can help patentees capture value from business model and management innovations. Moreover, I find that patenting experience and access to complementary assets are both crucial elements of a patenting strategy aimed at increasing appropriability. Taken together, these studies contribute towards bringing studies of patenting and the resource-based view of the firm closer together, to mutual advantage. This results in a better understanding of the effectiveness of patents at the firm-level and in a clearer operationalization of concepts of resources and resource interdependence.
8
Liénard, Aurore. "Contribution à l'étude de l'optimisation de la relation soignant-soigné en médecine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210136.
Анотація:
La communication est au centre de la relation soignant-soigné en médecine. Si la littérature dans ce domaine est abondante, il reste aujourd’hui de nombreuses questions relatives à l'efficacité des formations des médecins à la communication en termes d'acquisition et de transfert de compétences. Ce travail de thèse a étudié ces questions au travers de quatre objectifs: l'évaluation de l'acquisition de compétences communicationnelles dans un contexte hautement émotionnel, l'évaluation du transfert de compétences communicationnelles dans la pratique clinique, l'évaluation de l'impact de l'acquisition et du transfert de compétences communicationnelles sur l'état émotionnel du patient, et l'évaluation de l'impact de l'acquisition et du transfert de compétences communicationnelles sur l'état émotionnel du patient et de son proche. Des programmes de formation à la communication ont donc été testés empiriquement. Les résultats de ces études montrent qu'un programme de formation à la communication permet l'acquisition de compétences communicationnelles centrées sur le patient ainsi que le transfert de ces compétences en situations cliniques. De plus, ce transfert de compétences est perçu par les patients. Ces études montrent néanmoins qu'un programme de formation à la communication n'a d'impact ni sur l'évolution de l'anxiété des patients lors de consultations médicales impliquant un patient seul ni sur l'évolution de l'anxiété des patients et de leurs proches lors de consultations médicales impliquant un patient accompagné par un proche. Ces résultats soulignent l'importance de proposer dès aujourd'hui ce type de formations dans les curriculums des médecins mais aussi de continuer à améliorer l'optimisation de ces formations à la relation soignant-soigné. /Communication is at the center of the doctor-patient relationship in medicine. Although literature is abundant in this area, there are now many questions about the effectiveness of communication training for physicians in terms of acquisition and transfer of skills. This thesis has addressed these issues through four objectives: the assessment of communication skills in a highly emotional context, the assessment of transfer of communication skills in clinical practice, the assessment of the impact of acquisition and transfer of communication skills on the patient's emotional state, and the assessment of the impact of acquisition and transfer of communication skills on the patient's and its relative's emotional state. Two communication skills training programs have been tested empirically. Results of these programs show that a training program allows the acquisition of patient-centred communication skills and the transfer of these skills in clinical practice. Moreover, this transfer of skills is perceived by patients. Results of the studies included in this thesis show however that a communication skills training program has no impact on the evolution of patient anxiety following medical consultation or on the evolution of patient and relative anxiety following medical consultation when patient was accompanied by a relative. These results underscore the importance of including this type of training in the curricula of doctors but also to further study the optimisation of such training program to doctor-patient relationship.Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
9
Guo, Fei. "Development of the real-time data acquisition system for Philips Patient Monitor." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1405963966.
10
Simonpietri, Caroline. "Acquisition et circulation du savoir « profane » et médical pour la prise en charge des maladies chroniques, en France, à l'essor du numérique et de la « démocratie sanitaire »." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB180/document.
Анотація:
Dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE, ce travail de thèse porte sur l'acquisition et la circulation d'un savoir "profane" et médical pour la prise en charge des maladies chroniques. Sous la direction de Dominique Desjeux, Professeur émérite, expert en consommation et innovation, nous avons analysé le processus de diffusion de trois "innovations" du système de santé français portées par les institutions depuis le début du 21ème siècle : les associations de patients, l’Éducation Thérapeutique du Patient (ETP), et enfin les NTIC, et plus précisément les serious games. Respectivement sociale, symbolique et matérielle, ces trois solutions ont pour enjeu institutionnel diminuer les coûts de santé en améliorant l'apprentissage de vie des patients avec leur maladie mais également celui des professionnels de santé en formation initiale et continue. Pour chaque solution, dans une démarche qualitative, compréhensive et inductive, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les rugosités pouvant freiner leur réception par l'usager final, des patients ou des médecins. Avec un angle de vue assez original, un regard "socio-anthropologique" au coeur du secteur industriel, nous avons finalement reconstruit une partie du système d'action impliqué dans la circulation de savoirs en santé, profane et médical en cette période de crise sanitaire et d'explosion technologiqueWithin the framework of a "CIFRE convention, this work concerns the acquisition and the circulation of a " lay" and medical knowledge for the care of people who suffer from chronic diseases. Supervised by Dominique Desjeux, emeritus Professor, specialised in consumption and innovation, we have analyzed the diffusion process of three "innovations" of the French health system since the beginning of the 21th century: patients' associations, Therapeutic Education, and finally the ICT, and more exactly the serious games. Respectively social, symbolic and material, these three solutions have, for institutional issues, to decrease the costs of health care and management, by improving the "apprenticeship of life with disease" of patients, but also the professionnals trainning, initial as continuous. For each solution, in a qualitative, comprehensive and inductive approach, we wondered about the roughnesses which can slow down their "reception" by the final user, the patients or the doctors. With a rather original viewpoint, a "socio-anthropological" look at the heart of the branch of occidental industry, we finally reconstructed a part of the "action system" (Crozier, 1963) involved in the circulation of knowledges in health, from patients or medical way, in this transitory period of sanitary crisis and technological explosion
11
Rydell, Karlsson Monica. "Knowledge acquisition in patients with heart disease /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-257-6/.
12
Sun, Shupeng. "The clarity of disclosure in patents: An economic analysis using computational linguistics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/122181/1/Shupeng_Sun_Thesis.pdf.
Анотація:
This thesis aims to explore and demonstrate the use of computational linguistic analysis to measure the "readability" of patent documents. By using readability as a proxy for the extent of disclosure in patent documents, this thesis studies whether patent applicants may strategically choose the disclosure level for their patents, and how the disclosure level would affect the patent acquisitions and patent examination. This thesis introduces a new method to the quantitative economic analysis of patents, and generates research results with important implications for patent policy and practice.
13
Yang, Wenfeng. "Design of a Knowledge Acquisition Tool using A Constructivist Approach for Creating Tailorable Patient Education Materials." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1194.
Анотація:
Research in patient education suggests that tailored educational materials can improve patient's understanding of a treatment plan and help to achieve patient engagement and compliance. The goal of the HealthDoc Project has been the creation of automated Natural Language Generation systems for producing educational materials that are tailored to an individual patient's medical condition and personal situation. The project has so far focused on developing computational linguistic tools needed to author tailorable content from which customized versions could be generated. Also the HealthDoc model of document generation assumes the existence of previously authored textual material. Therefore, a new approach is needed to construct these materials and ensure that the relevant medical knowledge will be captured and delivered to the patient by providing a means to assist the health care professionals in directly authoring the required domain knowledge. We have used constructivist educational theory and knowledge-level modelling to define a new approach incorporating Patient-centric and Behaviour-modifying Educational Model (PBEM) and a knowledge-acquisition framework. Unlike traditional approaches, in which all patients are treated alike in terms of the medical information provided, our new model takes into account characteristics of individual patients. This facilitates the patient's assimilation of relevant information pertaining to her behaviour and health. As the information provided must address the various concerns of different stakeholders, and different patients have different concerns and concern intensities, a knowledge-acquisition framework was developed to provide a structure for patient knowledge acquisition. This framework includes the following components: a Strategic Model, a Concerns Model, and an Interrogation-based knowledge-acquisition Tool. The tool is intended to be used directly by health care professionals and to assist them in formulating, structuring, representing, and articulating their domain knowledge. This research work explores a new field, knowledge-level modelling, for generating patient-tailored educational materials and provides guidelines to implementing such a knowledge-acquisition tool.
14
Goldstein, Lizabeth Alexandra. "Cognitive Therapy for Depression Provided by Novice and Expert Therapists: Comparison of Skill Acquisition and Patient Outcomes." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1432225327.
15
Smithies, Lynda Hope. "Assessing the acquisition of patient centred interviewing and assessment skills in pre registration mental health nursing students." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560829.
16
Mills, Eric M. III. "Application and Evaluation of Unified Medical Language System Resources to Facilitate Patient Information Acquisition through Enhanced Vocabulary Coverage." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30448.
Анотація:
Two broad themes of this research are, 1) to develop a generalized framework for studying the process of patient information acquisition and 2) to develop and evaluate automated techniques for identifying domain-specific vocabulary terms contained in, or missing from, a standardized controlled medical vocabulary with emphasis on those terms necessary for representing the canine physical examination.
A generalized framework for studying the process of patient information acquisition is addressed by the Patient Information Acquisition Model (PIAM). PIAM illustrates the decision-to-perception chain which links a clinician's decision to collect information, either personally or through another, with the perception of the resulting information. PIAM serves as a framework for a systematic approach to identifying causes of missing or inaccurate information.
The vocabulary studies in this research were conducted using free-text with two objectives in mind, 1) develop and evaluate automated techniques for identifying canine physical examination terms contained in the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine (SNOMED), version 3.3 and 2) develop and evaluate automated techniques for identifying canine physical examination terms not documented in the 1997 release of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
Two lexical matching techniques for identifying SNOMED concepts contained in free-text were evaluated, 1) lexical matching using SNOMED version 3.3 terms alone and 2) Metathesaurus-enhanced lexical matching. Metathesaurus-enhanced lexical matching utilized non-SNOMED terms from the source vocabularies of the Metathesaurus of the Unified Medical Language System to identify SNOMED concepts in free-text using links among synonymous terms contained in the Metathesaurus.
Explicit synonym disagreement between the Metathesaurus and its source vocabularies was identified during the Metathesaurus-enhanced lexical matching studies. Explicit synonym disagreement occurs, 1) when terms within a single concept group in a source vocabulary are mapped to multiple Metathesaurus concepts, and 2) when terms from multiple concept groups in a source vocabulary are mapped to a single Metathesaurus concept. Five causes of explicit synonym disagreement between a source vocabulary and the Metathesaurus were identified in this research, 1) errors within a source vocabulary, 2) errors within the Metathesaurus, 3) errors in mapping between the Metathesaurus and a source vocabulary, 4) systematic differences in vocabulary management between the Metathesaurus and a source vocabulary, and 5) differences regarding synonymy among domain experts, based on perspective or context. Three approaches to reconciling differences among domain experts are proposed. First, document which terms are involved. Second, provide a mechanism for selecting either vocabulary-based or Metathesaurus-based synonymy. Third, assign a "basis of synonymy" attribute to each set of synonymous terms in order to identify the perspective or context of synonymy explicitly.
The second objective, identifying canine physical examination terms not documented in the 1997 release of the UMLS was accomplished using lexical matching, domain-specific free-text, the Metathesaurus and the SPECIALIST Lexicon. Terms contained in the Metathesaurus and SPECIALIST Lexicon were removed from free-text and the remaining character strings were presented to domain experts along with the original sections of text for manual review.Ph. D.
17
Al-Maaitah, Hadeel Mahmoud Khaleel. "An investigation of the acquisition and experience of medical tourism : the case of Jordan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/26194.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study is to investigate medical tourism in Jordan through the international patients‘ perspective. The aim is to contribute to a better understanding of international patients‘ consumption behaviour to seek medical treatment, and while at the destination. And also to better understand the medical tourists‘ perceptions of quality of healthcare services. This research was designed to facilitate the identification of the characteristics of medical tourists, their visit, their sources of information and the main pull/push factors influencing their decision to travel. Moreover, it was designed to identify the level of satisfaction held by medical tourists towards their patient experience and their satisfaction predictors, by translating, adapting and validating a patient-centred quality of care instrument and assessing its psychometric properties amongst them. This research used a mixed-methods case study approach. It was conducted in 7 private hospitals with a primary quantitative research method through 302 interviewer-administered questionnaires and descriptive quantitative statistics, Mann-Whitney U Non-Parametric Significance Tests, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis. As a complement, qualitative research through 20 semi-structured interviews and content analysis was conducted in order to provide further insights into this area of research. The findings suggest that word-of-mouth recommendations and reputation have the utmost role in informing international patients of healthcare options in Jordan. Furthermore, recommendations from family and friends are the second most important after availability of specialized treatments in influencing the 3 international patients‘ decision to seek international healthcare. Moreover, significant differences in these terms exist between first and repeat visitors, which hold important implications for tourism marketers. Further marketing implications also exist as most patients shift in the type of activities they and their companions undertake after the main treatment period is completed. In terms of satisfaction, Factor Analysis suggest that medical tourists satisfaction of quality of services in Jordan‘s hospitals is based on six predictors including nutritional care, nursing care, physician care, room atmosphere, the procedure for incoming patients and other hospital services. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses show that medical tourists are satisfied with the quality of health care services rendered to them. However, minor areas show less satisfaction. The findings raise issues regarding the recruitment of non-Arab speaking nurses. Drawing together these findings presents implications for medical tourism management, international healthcare marketing, policy-making, and continuous improvement of the services they provide.
18
Oulion, Marina. "The acquisition of technological capabilities by large Chinese industrial companies : between catch-up and engagement in emerging technologies." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0114/document.
Анотація:
Parmi les 500 plus grandes entreprises mondiales, une sur cinq est chinoise. En 2014, 94 entreprises chinoises figuraient parmi les leaders mondiaux en R&D. La Chine est, depuis 2016, le premier acquéreur d’entreprises étrangères et vise désormais des entreprises de haute-technologie.Ces éléments nous questionnent sur le positionnement technologique des entreprises chinoises. Penser ce thème nous oblige à revenir sur leurs conditions d’émergence. A la lecture du modèle dominant du rattrapage technologique (Kim, 1997), la Chine est passée par trois grandes phases: une période d’acquisition des technologies étrangères suite à l’ouverture du pays en 1978, une période d’assimilation des technologies et d’assemblage et manufacture de produits de plus en plus complexes, et une période d’intégration qui leur permet de faire de nouvelles propositions de produits grâce à la reconfiguration et amélioration des technologies existantes.L’hypothèse qui guide notre recherche est que les entreprises sont désormais dans la dernière phase du rattrapage et sont entrées dans une période de transition vers le leadership technologique. Cela nous amène à poser deux questions. A quoi fait-on référence lorsqu’on parle d’innovation en Chine aujourd’hui ? Ce thème renvoie de manière plus globale à celui de l’innovation par les pays émergents. Quel chemin reste-t-il à parcourir pour atteindre la frontière technologique ?Nous observons cette transition dans la manière dont les grandes entreprises chinoises s’engagent dans la recherche. L’intégration des technologies émergentes au sein de leurs stratégies de recherche reflète des dynamiques d’apprentissage qui, si elles ne sont pas encore visibles sur le marché, indiquent une dynamique de transition. Nos résultats montrent que la tendance est significative, la moitié des grandes entreprises (48%) s’engage en nanotechnologie. Cela reflète l’arrivée à la frontière technologique des entreprises chinoises, ce qui, nous le soulignons, n’implique pas nécessairement le passage à la frontière sur d’autres dimensions, notamment organisationnelles. Nous montrons également que les trajectoires d’engagement dans la recherche sont variées. Si une partie des entreprises s’engagent dans la recherche sur la base d’un modèle similaire à celui des entreprises américaines ou européennes, d’autres dynamiques sont également à l’œuvre, qui traduisent notamment un héritage historique et une inscription dans le territoire.Pour obtenir ces résultats, nous avons construit une base de données exclusive de 325 larges entreprises industrielles, et observé leur prise de brevets en nanotechnologie, directement ou via leurs filiales, sur la base de sources en anglais et en chinoisAmong the world’s 500 largest firms, one out of five is Chinese. In 2014, 94 Chinese firms were among the world leaders in R&D. Since 2016, China is the first acquirer of foreign firms and is now targeting high-technology firms.These recent developments raise questions about the technological positioning of Chinese firms. Studying this topic requires looking at their conditions of emergence. We can look at China’s development from the perspective of the technological catch-up model (Kim, 1997). China has gone through three phases: a phase of acquisition of foreign technology following the country’s opening in 1978, a period of technological assimilation and production of increasingly complex products, and a period of technological integration characterized by technological improvement and the reconfiguration of existing technologies.The hypothesis we make is that firms are now in the last phase of catch-up, and have entered a period of transition to technology leadership. This leads to two questions. What is Chinese innovation today? This topic broadly refers to innovation in emerging countries. How far are Chinese firms from reaching the technological frontier?We observe the transition through the way major Chinese firms engage in research. The integration of emerging technologies into their research strategies reflect dynamics of technological learning which, if they are not yet visible in the market, indicate a transition. Our results show that the trend is significant, with half of large firms (48%) engaging in nanotechnology research. This proportion indicates that Chinese firms have reached the technological frontier. This, however, does not mean that Chinese firms have reached the frontier in other dimensions, such as the organizational dimension. We also show that there are several modalities of commitment to research. While some large Chine firms engage in research by adopting a model similar to that of American or European firms, other dynamics are at work, which reflect, in particular, their historical legacy, and the impact of their localization.To obtain these results, we have built a unique database of 325 large industrial enterprises, and have looked at their patenting activities in nanotechnology, directly or through their subsidiaries, based on the exploitation of sources in English and Chinese
19
Weathers, Jamie. "Essays on Corporate Innovation." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/403878.
Анотація:
Business Administration/FinancePh.D.
This dissertation empirically explores the facets of corporate innovation in the firm and the ultimate effects on firm value. In the first chapter I identify firm innovation as a new channel by which employee treatment affects firm value. Growth and innovation incentive theories support positive effects of “good” employee treatment on innovation. Alternatively, entrenchment theory suggests such treatment will lead to complacency and shirking, hence deterring innovation. These opposing views merit investigation since in the “new economy”, human capital is increasingly essential to firm value and the growth and success of a firm has become more reliant on corporate innovation. Using the KLD Research & Analytics, Inc. SOCRATES database and newly acquired patent/citation data, I find an overall significant positive relationship between positive employee treatment and innovation quantity (patents) and quality (citations per patent); both measures are significantly correlated to firm value in the literature. Furthermore, I find that favorable employee treatment improves innovation focus – innovation projects more related to firms’ core business. These findings, robust to an alternate data source and endogeneity concerns, are consistent with the theories of growth and innovation incentive and suggest corporate innovation represents a channel by which employee treatment enhances firm value. In the second chapter I use the context of mergers & acquisitions (M&A) to investigate the effect of firm innovative ability. Acquirer announcement returns in M&A are known for being low on average; however, recent studies indicate greater abnormal announcement and long-run returns to firms motivated by the acquisition of innovation. Although acquiring innovation is an important motive for M&A, prior studies have ii mostly focused on the characteristics of target firms. In this paper, I explore the effect of acquirers’ innovative abilities in the M&A transaction. I propose that acquirer’s ex-ante ability to transform internal and external innovation investment into a tangible valued output (i.e. sales or profitability) is subject to asymmetric information. I apply a unique measure of innovative ability to explain the cross-sectional variation in acquirer returns for mergers and find a positive relation between acquirers’ innovative abilities and their abnormal returns around M&A announcements. I further discover that greater CARs in high innovative ability acquirers only exist in a subsample of M&As in the later life cycle of firms. For early merger events (the first three M&As after IPOs), acquirers’ innovative abilities are not associated with significantly larger announcement returns, suggesting an altered market perception of the value impact of acquisitions of innovation and innovative ability.
Temple University--Theses
20
Mei, Kai [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Noël, Peter [Gutachter] Noël, and Franz [Gutachter] Pfeiffer. "Advanced ultra-low-dose CT assessment of bone fracture risks in patient with osteoporosis with novel acquisitions and reconstruction schemes / Kai Mei ; Gutachter: Peter Noël, Franz Pfeiffer ; Betreuer: Peter Noël." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1196293066/34.
21
Junior, Jorge Luiz de Brito. "Interface entre a proteção à propriedade intelectual e o direito de concorrência no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-17032015-134535/.
Анотація:
Embora os direitos de Propriedade Intelectual (PI) sejam supostamente instituídos de forma a fomentar a inovação e o bem-estar em longo prazo, seu uso pode ensejar comportamentos oportunistas e abusivos como os Artigos 8.2 e 40 do TRIPS expressamente admitem. Sempre que tal tipo de comportamento afetar a concorrência em determinado mercado excluindo concorrentes, impondo barreiras à entrada, prejudicando consumidores por meio de aumento de preços ou redução da oferta o Direito de Concorrência será chamado a intervir. Considerando tais questões, o objetivo desse trabalho é identificar um quadro de trabalho brasileiro para tratar de questões envolvendo questões de Direito de Concorrência relacionadas à Propriedade Intelectual. O autor buscou delinear os conceitos de uso abusivo de direitos de Propriedade Intelectual, Dominação de Mercado por meio de uso da Propriedade Intelectual e de abuso de posição dominante, considerando o novo quadro regulatório introduzido pela Lei 12.259/2001.While intellectual property (IP) rights are usually claimed to be designed to foster innovation and welfare in the long run, their use may give rise to opportunistic, abusive behavior - as Articles 8.2 and 40 of TRIPS openly admit. Whenever such sort of behavior affects competition in a given market - whether by dislodging competitors, imposing barriers to entry, harming costumers, raising prices or reducing output - competition law is called to intervene. Considering these issues, the purpose of this paper is to identify a Brazilian legal framework for dealing with IP related competition issues. The author sought to draw the legal concepts of abusive of IP rights, market domination and abuse of dominant position considering the new regulatory framework introduced by Law 12.259/2011.
22
Malz, Angela. "Jahresbericht 2009 / Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-66567.
23
Gosewisch, Astrid [Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Böning. "Patient-specific bone marrow dosimetry in Lu-177-based radionuclide therapy: investigation of efficient data acquisition protocols and a clinical Monte Carlo dosimetry workflow for 3D absorbed dose modelling / Astrid Gosewisch ; Betreuer: Guido Böning." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211957306/34.
24
Jacob, Christel. "Étude de l’effet structurant des éléments d’un jardin thérapeutique sur la navigation dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : apprentissage de trajet et acquisition des connaissances spatiales." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0378.
Анотація:
L’originalité de cette recherche est de s’intéresser aux caractéristiques de l’environnement physique et à leur impact sur les capacités de navigation et de mémoire spatiale. Ce domaine jusqu’alors peu investigué, représente pourtant un enjeu sociétal pour l’autonomie et le bien-être de la personne. Des difficultés de navigation ont notamment été décrites dans le vieillissement normal et la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) dès le stade débutant. Or, l’environnement physique peut soutenir les capacités/compétences spatiales des individus, ou au contraire les perturber. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’évaluer l’effet structurant des éléments d’un environnement réel riche en repères, le jardin thérapeutique « art, mémoire et vie » du CHRU de Nancy, sur l’apprentissage d’un trajet et l’acquisition des connaissances spatiales, chez une population de sujets atteints de MA. En effet l'organisation spatiale de ce jardin a été conçue pour contribuer entre autres, à atténuer les difficultés de ces personnes en termes de cognition spatiale.L’ensemble des éléments du jardin a été répertorié et intégré dans une classification inspirée des travaux de Lynch (1960) et Zeisel et Tyson (1999). Trente sujets à un stade léger à modéré de la MA et 30 sujets âgés sains appariés ont réalisé le protocole suivant : (1) un apprentissage de trajet (aller et retour), durant lequel leur description verbale du parcours était enregistrée ; (2) une série de tâches évaluant l’acquisition des connaissances spatiales ; (3) des tests cognitifs standards. Le discours a été retranscrit verbatim et soumis à une analyse de contenu. Les résultats montrent une capacité d’apprentissage de trajet résiduelle significative chez les sujets du groupe MA, tant à l’aller qu’au retour. La répétition du trajet et la richesse de l’environnement en termes de repère semblent avoir contribué à ce résultat. Les performances aux tâches expérimentales ont été croisées avec l’analyse du discours et avec les tests cognitifs standards. Les résultats mettent en évidence un rôle prépondérant de certaines caractéristiques des éléments de l’environnement, telles que la saillance et l’affordance, sur les performances d’apprentissage de trajet et de mémoire spatiale et ceci de manière encore plus marquée chez les sujets du groupe MA. L’effet structurant des éléments de l’environnement est discuté d'une part chez les sujets âgés sains au regard des processus cognitifs impliqués dans la navigation et l’acquisition des connaissances spatiales et d'autre part des processus préservés et dysfonctionnels au cours de la MAThe originality of this research is to focus on the characteristics of the physical environment and their impact on navigation and spatial memory capabilities. This field, until then little investigated, represents a societal stake for the autonomy and the well-being of the person. In particular, navigation difficulties have been described in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the early stage. However, the physical environment can support individuals' spatial abilities/skills, or, on the contrary, disrupt them.The aim of the present study is to assess the structuring effect of the elements of a real environment rich in landmarks, the “art, memory and life” healing garden of the CHRU of Nancy, on route learning, and on the acquisition of the spatial knowledge, in a population of subjects with AD. Indeed, the spatial organization of this garden has been designed to contribute, among other things, to alleviate the difficulties of these people in terms of spatial cognition.All the elements of the garden have been listed and integrated into a classification inspired by the works of Lynch (1960) and Zeisel and Tyson (1999). Thirty subjects with mild to moderate AD and 30 matched healthy subjects underwent the following protocol: (1) route learning (forward and return trips), during which the verbal description of the route was recorded; (2) a series of tasks assessing the acquisition of spatial knowledge of the garden as well as (3) standard cognitive tests. The speech was transcribed verbatim and subjected to a content analysis.The results show a significant residual route learning ability in the MA group, both on the forward and return trips. The repetition of the route and the richness of the environmental landmarks seem to have contributed to this result. Experimental task performances were cross-checked with discourse analysis and standard cognitive tests. The results highlight a preponderant role of certain characteristics of environmental elements, such as saliency and affordance, on the learning performances of route and spatial memory, and this even more markedly in the subjects of the MA group.The structuring effect of the elements of the environment is discussed on the one hand in healthy older subjects with regard to cognitive processes involved in the navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge and on the other hand preserved and dysfunctional processes in the course of Alzheimer’s disease
25
Malz, Angela. "Jahresbericht 2016 / Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-228461.
26
Difadi, Mehdi. "Qualité des brevets et reprises d'entreprises." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSJPG/2019/2019LIL2D012.pdf.
Анотація:
Le XXIème siècle marque définitivement le passage à l’ère de l’économie de la connaissance ; en témoigne la croissance exponentielle du volume de brevets passé de 50 milliards de dollars en 1994 à 200 milliards en 2008. Dans cette course aux brevets, au vu de la vitesse d’innovation et des attentes grandissantes des consommateurs, l’accès au savoir et aux nouvelles technologies est devenu une priorité et une condition indispensable pour la pérennité de l’entreprise. Pour autant, la meilleure arme pour se garantir une exclusivité optimale, et un avantage compétitif solide sur le long terme pour un nouveau produit innovant : c’est « l’acquisition même du brevet » ! Outre la réduction des risques et les économies d’échelle, l’activité de Fusions/Acquisitions semble désormais être la voie royale pour accroître les investissements technologiques des entreprises et, surtout, à élargir leurs bases de connaissances en greffant de nouvelles compétences et savoir-faire, de nouveaux brevets et autres, appartenant au même secteur voire même extérieur. A partir d’un travail de nettoyage, de classification et de regroupement par entreprise d’une population de 3 279 509 brevets sur la période 1990-2006, nous nous sommes intéressés au lien qui pourrait exister entre les opérations de fusions/acquisitions et la qualité des brevets perçus comme un moyen de diversifier et/ou perfectionner les compétences technologiques en place.Fondamentalement, cette thèse de doctorat se veut être une réflexion sur le choix de la société cible, et dans lequel nous supposons que l’acquéreur va davantage s’intéresser à des informations plus « concrètes » et visionnaires, rendant mieux compte de la richesse économique que le simple montant figurant dans le poste comptable R&D.Ainsi, en accord avec notre posture épistémologique hypothético-déductive et nos données quantitatives collectées à partir de NBER, SDC, Compustat et CRSP, cette thèse propose une étude axée sur la qualité des brevets au sens de la valeur ajoutée des opportunités qui découle du potentiel de diversification et de complémentarité technologiques dans un contexte de concentration d’entreprises. À cet égard, nous avons donc calculé deux niveaux pour nos variables d’intérêt ; le premier faisant référence aux conglomérats (industries) et le deuxième faisant allusion aux fusions horizontales et/ou verticales (segments d’industrie). Ces deux niveaux sont étudiés à travers nos deux variables statistiques de qualité des brevets, à savoir : la diversification technologique et la proximité technologique. Enfin, cette thèse de doctorat indique un lien étroit entre l’activité de fusions/acquisitions et la possession de brevets au sein de segments spécifique à une industrie. En revanche, la diversification et la proximité technologique semble nouer une relation négative, et souvent non significative, avec une concentration conglomérale ; traduisant ainsi les réticences et l’ensemble des coûts/risques afférents à l’entrée dans un nouveau secteur.Ce travail de recherche conclue sur une différence de perception à l’égard de la diversification technologique et du potentiel qualitatif que peuvent apporter les brevets, selon que nous analysons la réaction du marché ou la détermination des acquéreurs à payer le prix fort pour s’offrir une société technologique diversifiéeThe twenty-first century definitely marks the transition to the era of knowledge economy; this is evidenced by the exponential growth in the number of patents, from $50 billion in 1994 to $200 billion in 2008. In this race for patents, given the pace of innovation and rising expectations of consumers, access to knowledge and new technologies has become a priority and a prerequisite for companies’ sustainability. However, the best weapon to guarantee an optimal exclusivity and a strong competitive advantage over the long term for an innovative new product: it is "the very acquisition of the patent"! In addition to risk reduction and economies of scale, the Corporate Takeovers activity now seems to be the road to increase business technology investment and, most importantly, to broaden their knowledge base by adding new skills and know-how, new patents and others, belonging to the same sector or even outside.Starting from a cleaning and a classification of a population of 3,279,509 patents over the period 1990-2006 and a clustering by company, we were interested in the link that could exist between the Corporate Takeovers activity and the quality of patents as a means to diversify and/or upgrade existing technological skills. Basically, this doctoral dissertation is meant to be a reflection on the choice of the target company and in which we assume that the acquirer will be more interested in more "concrete" and visionary information, better reflecting economic wealth than the simple amount in the accounting R&D.Thus, in keeping with our hypothetico-deductive epistemological stance and our quantitative data collected from NBER, SDC, Compustat and CRSP, this thesis proposes a study focused on the quality of patents and the added value of opportunities that derives from the potential technological diversification and complementarity in a context of corporate concentration. In this respect, we have therefore calculated two levels for our variables of interest, the former referring to conglomerates (industries) and the second referring to horizontal and/or vertical mergers (industry segments). These two levels are studied through our two statistical variables of patents quality, namely: technological diversification and technological proximity. Finally, this doctoral thesis indicates a close link between M&As activity and patent ownership within industry-specific segments. On the other hand, diversification and technological proximity seem to establish a negative, and often insignificant, relationship with a conglomerate concentration; reflecting therefore the reluctance and all the costs/risks associated with entering a new sector.This research work concludes on a difference in perception of technological diversification and the qualitative potential that patents can provide, depending on whether we analyze the market's reaction or the determination of acquirers to pay the high price to afford a diversified technological target
27
Troublefield, Robert C. "DIGITAL RECEIVER PERFORMANCE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606794.
Анотація:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, CaliforniaBit errors often occur in a wireless communications link when impairments alter the transmitted signal. It is advantageous to be able to predict how well a system will tolerate transmission problems. This paper details laboratory performance measurements and comparisons in terms of evaluating configurations of a digital receiver for Feher patented Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (FQPSK-B) demodulation. The transmitted signal is subjected to calibrated levels of impairments while the receiver performance is monitored in real-time.
28
Benjelloun, Mohamed Amine. ""Don et anonymat : la question des identités"." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5032/document.
Анотація:
A travers notre pratique de pédopsychiatre confronté au vécu de familles interpellées par la question du don de gamètes ou d'organes, il nous a semblé que nombre d'apories traversant les phénomènes de la donation et de l'anonymat n'étaient pas pris en compte par la médecine.Si le don et l'anonymat traversent toute la médecine au point que celle-ci les a hissé au rang de principes, ils ne font pas l'objet d'un enseignement ou d'une réflexion approfondie. La philosophie et la littérature apportent aussi certaines réponses possibles . Le don est un présent sans la présence, portant en lui une part d'abandon, sans raison, à quelqu'un qui ne demande rien, puisque justement il ne saurait pas qu'on lui a donné. L'anonymat permet de s'effacer, pour pouvoir rencontrer l'Autre, au plus prés. Ceci commence dès l'origine, pour permettre au sujet d'approcher dans l'errance et le doute une rencontre avec l'inconnu et le dehors, loin d'une altérité qui ne serait que radicale. Enfin, la question du don d'organes, du don de gamètes, de l'anonymat obligent à repenser simultanément la question de la relation et celle de l'identité. Le donneur et le receveur se rencontrent, l'un est obligatoirement plongé dans le temps de l'autre : comment construire une sphère propre et une sphère de l'autre, une intersubjectivité qui rendrait possible la communication entre matériaux d'origine différente ? Comment reconnaître ego et alter, comme des ipséités ? Les concepts d'identité narrative, d'histoires empêtrées, permettent de dépasser la question de l'anonymat. L'anonymat protégerait alors l'identité. Et mieux, permet alors à la reconnaissance, toute éthique, d'advenirThrough our practice of child psychiatry and confronted with the lived of families concerned with the question of gametes or organs donation, it seems that numerous aporia related to donation and anonymity experiences have not been considered by medicine. If donation and anonymity have been central to medicine to the point that they have become principles, they have never been subjects of education or profound reflection. Philosophy and literature also bring some possible answers. Donation is a present without the presence, carrying with itself some abandonment, without reason, to someone who doesn't ask for anything, precisely because he would not know that he was given something. Anonymity gives an opportunity to fade away, just to be able to meet the other, closer. This obliteration starts from the very beginning. It aims at any founding trace, in order, paradoxically to allow the subject to approach in wandering and doubt a possible encounter with the unknown and the outside, far from an otherness that be only would be radical.Finally, the issue of organ donation, of gamete donation, of anonymity, forces us to rethink simultaneously the question of relationship and identity. The donor and recipient, meet and are necessarily immersed in the other's time: how to build a sphere for oneself and a sphere for the other, an intersubjectivity which would enable the communication between materials of different origin? How to recognize ego and alter, as ipseities? Concepts of narrative identity, entangled stories allow to pass over the question of anonymity. Anonymity would then protect identity. And better still, would allow for an ethical recognition to happen
29
Wåhlin, Peter. "Enhanching the Human-Team Awareness of a Robot." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-16371.
Анотація:
The use of autonomous robots in our society is increasing every day and a robot is no longer seen as a tool but as a team member. The robots are now working side by side with us and provide assistance during dangerous operations where humans otherwise are at risk. This development has in turn increased the need of robots with more human-awareness. Therefore, this master thesis aims at contributing to the enhancement of human-aware robotics. Specifically, we are investigating the possibilities of equipping autonomous robots with the capability of assessing and detecting activities in human teams. This capability could, for instance, be used in the robot's reasoning and planning components to create better plans that ultimately would result in improved human-robot teamwork performance. we propose to improve existing teamwork activity recognizers by adding intangible features, such as stress, motivation and focus, originating from human behavior models. Hidden markov models have earlier been proven very efficient for activity recognition and have therefore been utilized in this work as a method for classification of behaviors. In order for a robot to provide effective assistance to a human team it must not only consider spatio-temporal parameters for team members but also the psychological.To assess psychological parameters this master thesis suggests to use the body signals of team members. Body signals such as heart rate and skin conductance. Combined with the body signals we investigate the possibility of using System Dynamics models to interpret the current psychological states of the human team members, thus enhancing the human-awareness of a robot.Användningen av autonoma robotar i vårt samhälle ökar varje dag och en robot ses inte längre som ett verktyg utan som en gruppmedlem. Robotarna arbetar nu sida vid sida med oss och ger oss stöd under farliga arbeten där människor annars är utsatta för risker. Denna utveckling har i sin tur ökat behovet av robotar med mer människo-medvetenhet. Därför är målet med detta examensarbete att bidra till en stärkt människo-medvetenhet hos robotar. Specifikt undersöker vi möjligheterna att utrusta autonoma robotar med förmågan att bedöma och upptäcka olika beteenden hos mänskliga lag. Denna förmåga skulle till exempel kunna användas i robotens resonemang och planering för att ta beslut och i sin tur förbättra samarbetet mellan människa och robot. Vi föreslår att förbättra befintliga aktivitetsidentifierare genom att tillföra förmågan att tolka immateriella beteenden hos människan, såsom stress, motivation och fokus. Att kunna urskilja lagaktiviteter inom ett mänskligt lag är grundläggande för en robot som ska vara till stöd för laget. Dolda markovmodeller har tidigare visat sig vara mycket effektiva för just aktivitetsidentifiering och har därför använts i detta arbete. För att en robot ska kunna ha möjlighet att ge ett effektivt stöd till ett mänskligtlag måste den inte bara ta hänsyn till rumsliga parametrar hos lagmedlemmarna utan även de psykologiska. För att tyda psykologiska parametrar hos människor förespråkar denna masteravhandling utnyttjandet av mänskliga kroppssignaler. Signaler så som hjärtfrekvens och hudkonduktans. Kombinerat med kroppenssignalerar påvisar vi möjligheten att använda systemdynamiksmodeller för att tolka immateriella beteenden, vilket i sin tur kan stärka människo-medvetenheten hos en robot.
The thesis work was conducted in Stockholm, Kista at the department of Informatics and Aero System at Swedish Defence Research Agency.
30
Chi-Feng, Lee. "Automatic Acquisition of Domain Specific Regular Expressions from Patent Documents." 2006. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0016-1303200709283586.
31
Lee, Chi-Feng, and 李吉峰. "Automatic Acquisition of Domain Specific Regular Expressions from Patent Documents." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26466515528871136498.
Анотація:
碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
94
A patent specification is a document with legal protection. It records the information of technologies and its execution method. With the effective analysis and usage of patent documents, it not only can stimulate the development of industries and progress of science, but also can catch on the technical level and the key technologies of the industry and the science, and has the newest market information in hand. However, due to the specific terms and the specific writing formats of patent document, it is hard to understand for human beings within limited time. And another problem is that, the size of the patent documents is growing rapidly. If we still rely on human to conduct the analysis of the patent documents, it will be very costly in time and human power. In this thesis, we provide an approach to automatically extract the claim structure from patent documents and show the results in visualization to help human beings to understand much more easily and effectively without wasting time and energy. There are two major goals in our research. One is the element extraction and the other is the triple extraction. In element extraction section, we use statistical method to count the frequency of NGram word and use the combination of part-of-speech to extract the element. And In triple extraction section, we develop a wrapper environment for user to wrap the training data and automatically generate its corresponding patterns with minimal user efforts, and provide an induction algorithm that is an adaptation of string edit distance to induce our training results into abstracted extraction patterns, and use the result patterns to extract the claim structure.
32
Ho, Kung-Ling, and 賀宮鈴. "Patent Acquisition of Cardiovascular Stent by Movement of Technology Position." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52266916969260618368.
Анотація:
博士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系
102
Acquiring technological patent is the most common way for firms to obtain target resource and expanding innovative abilities. Consequently, it is an important issue for firms to identify and estimate the target patent. Before acquiring, firms also have to make sure whether the target patents is matching the strategic purpose, and whether the target patent is suitable for the adopting after acquiring. And the result of patent citation analysis can be referred for estimating target patent as the result reveals the technology relationship between firms, the market value of technologies and the technology development strategy. Moreover, technology network analysis can visualize the overall social structure of actors in the technology network and illuminate their relationships and roles. However, few scholars have examined the relative positions of firms in technology networks from the viewpoint of individual social networks. This research uses the idea of the “ego-network”, defining the firm’s core technology patent portfolio as “ego” while patents which directly cite core patents are defined as the “neighborhood. The purpose of this research is to understand how the firm, through patent transfers, alters its technology position and performs inductive analysis as a reference for future changes in its patent portfolio strategies. The results of this research demonstrate that irrespective of patent transfer strategy, the relative position of firms in the technology network is displaced by patent transfers. By dividing the trajectory of displacement into quadrants the data set may be named as pioneers, leaders, followers, and laggards. And the result shows firms may exit markets, reduce internal subdivisions, carry out cost control, or sell off patents, moving their position to the left or downward and making them followers or laggards. By the same token, when firms enter a new technology area or market, increase their technological capabilities, or acquire technology patents, their position shits to the right or downward, and they become leaders or pioneers.
33
林建佑. "A Study on the Enterprises Patent Strategy centered in Acquisition of China’s Patent Rights - The case of the A Corporation." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6mtm4r.
Анотація:
碩士國立清華大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
101
The main purpose of filing a patent application or acquiring a patent right for one company is to sustain or upgrade its competitive advantage by enforcing its patent right. Sometimes it is too slow to obtain a patent right by self-development, contract development, or joint development. You may acquire it like Acer did in the HP patent litigation case of 2007. This case shows the Acer’s patent strategies involving patent acquisition. As we know, HP settled all ongoing patent litigation with Acer, and Acer saved itself from HP’s attack in 2008. As China becomes a world factory and a potential world market, its attention to the importance of patent rights has grown. This thesis tries to propose a framework regarding the China patent acquisition through the ways of literature review and case study, to elaborate patent strategy, patent value and patent indicator, to illustrate the environment of China patent and technology exchange market, to share the plan and the patent due diligence of the A corporation, and to deliberate the steps in applying export license application of China patent right. By sharing this thesis, we may assist Taiwan's small and medium sized tech companies in complementing their own patent acquisition strategy, strengthening their competitiveness and achieving their future success.
34
Lee, Che-Wei, and 李哲偉. "A Study of the Impacts of Patent Analysis on Technical Acquisition in a Business." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07801309305644242982.
Анотація:
碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
91
Abstract Patent Analysis can track how the patent strategy of your competitors has varied over time and analysis the patent portfolio of potential acquisition targets. The patent Map trends in who is patenting in particular technical fields and identify the most prolific inventors in a field for recruitment/poaching purposes. The patent analysis also can provide visually stunning reports that make your point most persuasively and accelerate innovation by providing research staff with a powerful patent analysis tool and identify potential collaborators, licensees and infringers. Patent Analysis is crafted for a particular company and the criteria are deter- mined in coordination with senior management. Such tailored competitive intelligence is an asset of the kind that can work to grow other assets. Unlike information concerning your competitors' current activities, the Patent Analysis can give insight into the future activities of competitors, or an industry, and how your company stands relative to the others. For example, has used the Patent Analysis to consider the activities of a few of its competitors in several technological areas, as well as the industry trends indicated by the combined data. This company coupled the Patent Analysis with an Intellectual Property Audit to create its Worldwide Patent Strategy. Firms typically are engaged in the acquisition of knowledge on the technology market and cooperate actively in R&D with other firms and research organizations. Using patent data from the Community technology Survey on manufacturing firms, firms that are only engaged in a single innovation strategy, either internal R&D activities or sourcing technology externally, introduced fewer new or substantially improved products compared to firms which combine internal and external sourcing. This result is consistent with complementarities between own R&D and external technology sourcing activities. Furthermore, the different patent innovation activities are strongly positively correlated and identify common drivers, resulting in the perceived complementarities between these patent innovation activities. An important finding is that a capacity to strategically protect intellectual property and a more basic R&D base which may serve as an absorptive capacity, they are important common drivers for the different patent getting activities. Keywords: Patent Analysis, own R&D, external technology sourcing activities
35
Tsai, Chia-chen, and 蔡佳臻. "A Study on Merger & Acquisition Related Intellectual Property Issues─ Focus on Patent and Brand." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26305360219735620143.
36
Chen, Pei-Wen, and 陳佩雯. "A Study of Recognition Technology Supplementary or Complementary and Patent Acquisition Intent From the Ego-centered Technological Network Perspective：Evidence from the Litigated Patent of Apple vs. Samsung Mobile Device." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71243855267349070560.
Анотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
101
Nowadays many technology industries using patents as a mean of competition. The patent litigation of mobile device was in full swing. Patents not only exclude competition opportunities, but exclude others for their chance to sue. Therefore, patent trading is frequent. From the case of Google acquisition of Motorola operations overestimate the value of their patent portfolio. Enterprises adopt the correct patent acquisition strategy is worth to analyze. In this study, we based on PCA classification system and social network analysis for architecture. Litigated patents of Apple vs. Samsung mobile device for analysis samples, distinguishing the main technical fields. Measuring the degree of Technological Knowledge Status (TKS), Technological Knowledge Reliability (TKR), Common Internal Knowledge (CIK) and Common External Knowledge (CEK). Discuss technology supplementary and complementary for the importance of patent acquisitions. From the results, enterprise upgrade Technological Knowledge Status is meaningful. When technology follower of innovation source over-dependency technology leader, cooperation may have a negative impact. Means with high technology supplementary tends to competition relationship, as moderate technology supplementary is easy become cooperation manufacturers. When making strategic acquisitions need to take into account, reduce the failed of company acquisition.
37
Chiang, Hung-Lun, and 江宏倫. "The Development and Application for Data Acquisition System of Patient-Controlled Analgesia." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57337652246034215167.
Анотація:
碩士元智大學
機械工程研究所
89
In this thesis, we developed a Data-Acquisition (DAQ) System for Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). The advantages of the DAQ are portable, convenient, efficient and useful for user. Then we analyze the data which collected by the DAQ, we attempt to model the PCA time history with simple AR(Auto-regressive) model and classify the patients'' data for several parts. According to 34 cancer patients'' data, we can find that the scale of oscillation and the speed of increase or decrease for PCA dose with each patient''s PCA time history were different. Then we can use the information of PCA time history for classifying the patients with several parts. And we modeled the data with AR model for each patient, we predicted the patients'' PCA dose for future with the AR model. Our rates of success for every 1 day, 3 days and 10 days were 82.41%, 70.29% and 47.36%. In this thesis, our method was offering an information of different focus for doctor to compare with their knowledge and make a better clinical reserch.
38
Chen, Lien-Hsing, and 陳聯興. "The Influence of Patent Strategy on Acquirers’ Performance under Different Types of Mergers and Acquisitions." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rd99yw.
Анотація:
碩士國立中山大學
管理學院高階經營碩士學程在職專班
107
In recent years, there are many M&A transactions in the world. The number and amount of transactions are very large. The technology would require a long time of research and development so that it cannot keep up with changes in the market. To make a profit, technology M&A has become an important motivation. Therefore, this study wants to understand whether the performance of the acquirer will have an impact after the technology M&A. This study establishes conditions of samples. 1. Period: 2000-2017. 2. Status: Completed. 3. Acquirer: Company at stock exchange or over-the-counter market. 4. The number of patents: More than 10. 5. Patents status: Non-dead. After selecting sample, the patent is analyzed into 7 indicators. The model is composed of patents, M&A types and control variables. The results show that innovation ability and patent strategy have a significant impact on performance. Among them, the patent strategy is divided into four types. It shows that when the enterprise pursues the quality and quantity of patents at the same time, it is easy to form a huge cost. Which is not conducive to the better performance of the acquirer. But if the seller does not pay attention to the patent, the performance of the acquirer will also become worse. Only when pursuing one of quality or quantity, acquirer of Taiwan has better performance.
39
LIU, YU-HSUAN, and 劉于瑄. "Relationship between trust and patient loyalty: The mediating effects of acquisition value and transaction value." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6nskq3.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北護理健康大學
健康事業管理研究所
106
Background: With the drastic increase in patient numbers in recent years, the competition between hospitals has become more intense, accompanied by the rise in consumer awareness. The establishment of a high degree of trust in both the physicians and hospitals is essential to maintain a long-term relationship with the patients. Creating values and cultivating patient loyalty are one important topic for study. However, in the current field of domestic health care, the recognized values are not further sub-divided for multi-facets mediation model verification analysis. The research on trust in the hospital setting is lacking and awaits further investigation. Using the TTVL model (Model for the interrelationships among Trustworthiness, Value, and Loyalty) of Sirdeshmukh et al. (2002) as a theoretical basis, this study aims to evaluate the relationship of patient loyalty with physician trust, hospital trust, acquisition value, and transaction values. Purpose: This study aims to explore (1) the relationship of physician trust and hospital trust with patient loyalty; (2) the mediating effect of hospital trust on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty; (3) the mediating effect of physician trust on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty; (4) the mediating effect of acquisition value on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty; (5) the mediating effect of hospital trust and acquisition value on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty; (6) the mediating effect of acquisition value on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty; (7) the mediating effect of physician trust and acquisition value on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty; (8) the mediating effect of transaction value on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty; (9) the mediating effect of hospital trust and transaction value on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty; (10) the mediating effect of transaction value on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty; and (11) the mediating effect of physician trust and transaction value on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty. Methods: This study was approved by the Institution Review Board. Patients aged above 20, with either first or follow-up visits to the hospitals in certain districts of Northern Taiwan were enrolled in this study. Participants were selected based on quota sampling and using questionnaires. Of the 600 questionnaires distributed, 538 questionnaires fulfilling the selection criteria were included for data collection and analysis. SPSS18.0 for Windows was used for data archiving and statistical analysis, and the mediation model was verified using Process Model 6. Results and Suggestions: Our study revealed that patient’s age and educational level were factors affecting the average scores of hospital trust, acquisition value, transaction value, and patient loyalty. Patients over the age of 60 and those with high school or junior college education or below were given higher scores. Using the mediation model verification method with a single mediating variable, transaction value has a mediatory effect on the relationship between hospital trust and patient loyalty, and hospital trust has a mediatory effect on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty. When two mediating variables were included for analysis, hospital trust and transaction value have a mediatory effect on the relationship between physician trust and patient loyalty. Our findings suggest that, in addition to patient and hospital trusts, the inclusion of transaction value could aid in enhancing patient loyalty. As there is currently no relevant empirical research in Taiwan, the results obtained in this study is incommensurable. The inclusion of different study subjects for comparison and evaluation may serve as a basis for management process, policy improvement and preparation, and personnel education and training.
40
CHOU, CHUN-TA, and 周俊達. "Biotechnology Industry Technical Analysis of Mergers, Acquisitions, and Patent Layout – In The Case of Gene Transfer Crops." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8k7zj2.
Анотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
材料科技研究所
106
Gene transfer technology, also known as genetic engineering, is widely used in agriculture, medicine, scientific research, industry. Organisms are used in animals, plants and microor¬ganisms. Gene transfer technology uses genetically modified versions of the same and different species, using biomolecules to replicate, isolating, or synthesizing the desired modified genes to,and create different organisms. Microinjection, microencapsula¬tion, gene targeting, Agrobacterium-mediated, electroporation, or particle bombard¬ment can be used to insert or injecingt directly on the target vector to allow hybridization or fusion. The main genetically modified crops are corn, cotton, canola, rice and tobacco. The analysis on data extraction through Patent Cloud , gene-transferred crops patents are allocated heavily in the hands of Bayer AG, Monsanto, the Dow Chemical Company, EI du Pont de Nemours, Syngenta these five companies. Analysis on data extraction througth Patent Cloud by the total patents and Orbit by patent families for above mentioned five companies.Bayer and Monsanto's patented technology mainly focused on organic fine chemistry, Dow Chemical and DuPont patented technology to molecular chemical polymer (Macro-molecular chemistry) as theirmain focus-Syngenta's patented technology is based on the basic materials chemistry (Basic materials chemistry) . Through searching on the case in the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC), the aim is to search for the controversial technologies and materials among the seabove mentioned companies. Disputed technologies are the use of microparticle bombardment technology gene transfer of corn, Glyphosate-tolerant transgenic maize, chimeric gene transformation of the Bacillus thuringiensis, 2,4-D herbicide-modified plant genes and plants with glufosinate-resistant. In recent years, mergers among enterprises are the trendy fashion, Bayer mergers and acquisitions Monsanto, Dow Chemical mergers and acquisitions DuPont, ChemChina mergers Syngenta,etc. Through this study, domestic enterprises can be provided with suggestions and methods to enhance the domestic enterprises' industries.
41
"Development of an Integrated SPECT-CmT Dedicated Breast Imaging System Incorporating Novel Data Acquisition and Patient Bed Designs." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2268.
42
Crotty, Dominic. "Development of an Integrated SPECT-CmT Dedicated Breast Imaging System Incorporating Novel Data Acquisition and Patient Bed Designs." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/2268.
Анотація:
This thesis research builds upon prior work that developed separate SPECT and CT (computed mammotomography, or breast CT) devices that were independently capable of imaging an uncompressed breast in 3D space. To further develop the system as a clinically viable device, it was necessary to integrate the separate imaging systems onto a single gantry, and to simultaneously design a patient-friendly bed that could routinely and effectively position the patient during dual-modality imaging of her uncompressed breast in the system's common field of view. This thesis describes this process and also investigates practical challenges associated with dedicated breast imaging of a prone patient using the integrated SPECT-CT device.
We initially characterized the practicability of implementing the novel x-ray beam ultra-thick K-edge filtration scheme designed for routine use with the breast CT system. Extensive computer simulations and physical measurements were performed to characterize the x-ray beam produced using K-edge filtration with cerium and to compare it to beams produced using other filtration methods and materials. The advantages of using this heavily filtered x-ray beam for uncompressed breast CT imaging were then further evaluated by measuring the dose absorbed by an uncompressed cadaver breast during the course of a routine tomographic scan. It was found that the breast CT device is indeed capable of imaging uncompressed breasts at dose levels below that of the maximum utilized for dual-view screening mammography.
To prepare the separate SPECT and CT systems for integration onto a single platform, the cross contamination of the image of one modality by primary and scattered photons of the complementary modality was quantified. It was found that contamination levels of the emission (SPECT) image by the x-ray transmission source were generally far less than 2% when using photopeak energy windows up to ±8%. In addition, while there was some quantifiable evidence of a variation in the transmission image in response to the presence of
A novel, tiered, stainless steel patient bed was then designed to allow dual-modality imaging using the integrated SPECT-CT system. The performance of the hybrid SPECT-CT system was evaluated during early stage dual-modality patient imaging trials with particular emphasis placed on the performance of the patient bed. The bed was successful in its primary task of enabling dual-modality imaging of a patient's breast in the common field of view, but practical challenges to more effective patient imaging were identified as well as some novel solutions to these challenges.
In the final section of the thesis research, the feasibility of using two of these solutions was investigated with a view to imaging more of the patient's posterior breast volume. Limited angle tomographic trajectories and trajectories that involve raising or lowering the patient bed in mid tomographic acquisition were initially investigated using various geometric phantoms. A very low contrast imaging task was then tested using an observer study to quantify the effect of these trajectories on the ability of observers to maintain visibility of small geometric objects.
This initial integrated SPECT-CT imaging system has demonstrated its ability to successfully perform low dose, dual-modality imaging of the uncompressed breast. Challenges and solutions have been identified here that will make future SPECT-CT designs even more powerful and a clinically relevant technique for molecular imaging of the breast.
Dissertation
43
Ackermann, Andrea Dodge. "Acquisition and retention of CPR knowledge and skills for junior level baccalaureate nursing students." 2007. http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-06252007-104516/.
44
Hsu, Hung-Ming, and 許宏銘. "A Study on Patent Due Diligence during Mergers and Acquisitions in Biopharmaceutical Industry - The Inventorship and Ownership Issues in U.S. and Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vqg33g.
Анотація:
碩士國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
107
The biopharmaceutical industry is a high-knowledge and high-tech intensive industry. The core technology is an important asset of a biopharmaceutical company. The business of a biopharmaceutical company is closely related to the its patents. With the development of the biopharmaceutical industry, the number and scale of M&A by biopharmaceutical companies have also increased significantly. Biopharmaceutical companies have leveraged their competitiveness through M&A transactions. Patent due diligence on the core technologies is actually an important and necessary process during the biopharmaceutical companies’ M&A. Whether a biopharmaceutical company’s patent is developed by R&D internally or corperated with external institutions, the inventorship and ownership are fundamental and important issues. Therefore, when conducting the patent due diligence, confirmation of the inventorship and ownership of the patent is important and related to the freedom and risk of operation in the future. This study investigates the inventorship of biopharmaceutical companies in Taiwan and finds that the ratio which the company’s excutive managers, such as Chairman of the board or General Manager, as inventors is higher than 32%. That is significantly higher than the ratio of only 0.02% in US companies. Serious consequences from the inventorship ineligibility or ownership error of the patent are also discussed through the US court judgments. Therefore, in the patent due diligence, it should be confirmed whether the inventorship and ownership of a patent are correct and flawless. At the same time, the following four suggestions are proposed: (1) do the patent due diligence solidly; (2) the contracts relating to a patent’s inventorship and ownership are important; (3) management of the documents relating to a patent’s inventorship and ownership should be solid; and (4) take remedies as soon as possible. Hope it may provide references for biopharmaceutical companies in Taiwan when conducting M&A transactions in the future.
45
Pitko, Vanessa. "Bristol-myers squibb & celgene: the creation of a global BioPharma leader?" Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/105621.
Анотація:
This case is entitled to discuss the strategic motivation of Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct the merger with the biotechnology company Celgene by considering the company’s current situation as well as the current economic environment. Besides strategic motivations, this case focuses also on the financial merits that may arise in connection with the merger and analyzes the potential impact on shareholder value by taking a closer look at the target company’s business, financial situation as well as expected prospects. As this transaction deviates from Bristol-Myers’ historicallysuccessful M&A strategy and as Celgene is facing an extreme patent cliff on its blockbuster product, shareholders are left questioning the rationale of the deal.
46
Kaden, Alexander. "The influence of family and institutional ownership on merger & acquisition investments and the role of corporate entrepreneurship." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/24140.
Анотація:
This study draws on a sample of 108 private and publicly listed German companies that
completed at least one M&A deal in 2007-2015. Thereby it investigates the difference
between the degree of family and institutional ownership and its respective influence on
corporate strategic investment decisions, specifically focusing on merger and acquisition
(M&A) investments. Furthermore, based on previous research, revealing similar innovative
characteristics and benefits of corporate entrepreneurship and M&As, this study investigates
how corporate entrepreneurship moderates the aforementioned relationships respectively.
Thereby the study strives to ascertain whether both corporate entrepreneurship and M&As are
either mutually exclusive or co-existing in corporations. Eventually, the results suggest no
significant relationship between family ownership and the degree of M&A investments.
Additional investigations further reveal that a family’s supplementary involvement in the
corporate management board neither constitutes a significant negative moderation. In other
words, this means that the relationship is not negatively amplified when family members have
a majority ownership stake in the company while simultaneously operating in the corporate
management board likewise. Contrary to the generally assumed paradigm of institutional
investors’ passive behavior in strategic decision matters, their increasing ownership stakes
negatively influence the degree of M&A investments. Furthermore, corporate
entrepreneurship, measured in terms of R&D intensity and patents, reveals incoherent but
significant findings and thereby illustrates its widespread influencing components in different
corporate settings. In particular, R&D intensity negatively moderates the relationship between
family ownership and M&A investments but constitutes no significant moderation on the
relationship with institutional ownership. Patents, however, moderate the relationship with
family ownership positively, while having a negative moderating effect on the relationship
between institutional ownership and the degree of M&A investments.
47
McKell, Dawn C. "Does Merger and Acquisition Activity Play a Role in The Pre-Existing Healthcare Initiatives of Improved Quality and Decreased Costs Highlighted by The Affordable Care Act?" 2016. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/bus_admin_diss/74.
Анотація:
This is a quantitative study of archival data that examines Merger and Acquisition (M&A) activity using currently established healthcare quality and financial performance metrics. The research seeks to explicate the relationship between M&A activity and M&A experience in the healthcare industry as it relates to initiatives aimed at improving the quality and decreasing the cost of healthcare. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislation appears to be contributing to a trend toward M&A consolidation; by illuminating how this trend potentially impacts healthcare quality and cost reduction initiatives, this study’s contribution is both useful and practical. The units of analysis are Medicare reporting hospitals, hospital systems, and related healthcare providers that have or have not experienced an M&A or multiple M&As.
The study shows a statistically significant improvement in quality each year from 2006–2014, which is reflected in higher scores for the four quality metrics measured. M&A activity, as measured by acquisition status and acquirer experience, did not appear to influence these quality metrics, with the exception of the heart failure measure, which showed a statistically significant positive influence of acquirer experience across all specifications.
M&A activity’s possible effects on hospital financial performance was assessed through operating-cost-to-charge and capital-cost-to-charge ratios (CCRs). The operating CCR appears to be positively influenced by both acquisition status and acquirer experience, while the capital CCR was positively influenced only by acquirer experience. A positive influence is reflected in a decreasing ratio.
Results on quality improvement over time, both before and after the ACA, suggest that the ACA itself may not be the driver for quality improvement. Similarly, decreases in OCCR occurred consistently and statistically significantly over time, both pre- and post-ACA, while CCCR showed statistically significant decreases in 2006–2008, 2013, and 2014. These results appear to support the notion that the trend was ongoing before the ACA was enacted and gave these measures high-profile exposure.
This is a quantitative study of archival data that examines Merger and Acquisition (M&A) activity using currently established healthcare quality and financial performance metrics. The research seeks to explicate the relationship between M&A activity and M&A experience in the healthcare industry as it relates to initiatives aimed at improving the quality and decreasing the cost of healthcare. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) legislation appears to be contributing to a trend toward M&A consolidation; by illuminating how this trend potentially impacts healthcare quality and cost reduction initiatives, this study’s contribution is both useful and practical. The units of analysis are Medicare reporting hospitals, hospital systems, and related healthcare providers that have or have not experienced an M&A or multiple M&As.
The study shows a statistically significant improvement in quality each year from 2006–2014, which is reflected in higher scores for the four quality metrics measured. M&A activity, as measured by acquisition status and acquirer experience, did not appear to influence these quality metrics, with the exception of the heart failure measure, which showed a statistically significant positive influence of acquirer experience across all specifications.
M&A activity’s possible effects on hospital financial performance was assessed through operating-cost-to-charge and capital-cost-to-charge ratios (CCRs). The operating CCR appears to be positively influenced by both acquisition status and acquirer experience, while the capital CCR was positively influenced only by acquirer experience. A positive influence is reflected in a decreasing ratio.
Results on quality improvement over time, both before and after the ACA, suggest that the ACA itself may not be the driver for quality improvement. Similarly, decreases in OCCR occurred consistently and statistically significantly over time, both pre- and post-ACA, while CCCR showed statistically significant decreases in 2006–2008, 2013, and 2014. These results appear to support the notion that the trend was ongoing before the ACA was enacted and gave these measures high-profile exposure.
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Μανδέλλος, Γεώργιος. "Εξέλιξη πρωτοκόλλου SCP-ECG για μεταφορά βιοσημάτων πολλαπλών τύπων σε ιατρικά πληροφοριακά συστήματα : υλοποίηση πιλοτικού τηλεϊατρικού συστήματος". Thesis, 2009. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1827.
Анотація:
Το αντικείμενο της διατριβής αυτής είναι η εισαγωγή ενός νέου πρωτοκόλλου (e-SCP-ECG+) με στόχο την μεταφορά και διαχείριση πολλαπλών τύπων πληροφορίας που προέρχονται από ιατρικές συσκευές συλλογής ζωτικών σημάτων, δεδομένα που αφορούν τις αλλεργίες από τις οποίες υποφέρει ο ασθενής, στοιχεία γεωτοποθεσίας, καθώς επίσης και δημογραφικών στοιχείων, από τους ασθενείς σε υπολογιστικούς σταθμούς επεξεργασίας, διαχείρισης και αποθήκευσής της. Ορίζεται επίσης η αρχιτεκτονική ενός Συστήματος Τηλεπαρακολούθησης Υγείας Ασθενούς (ΣΤΥΑ), το οποίο χρησιμοποιεί το πρωτόκολλο e-SCP-ECG+ για τη μεταφορά, τη διαχείριση και την αρχειοθέτηση της συλλεγόμενης πληροφορίας. Η αρχιτεκτονική περιλαμβάνει, επίσης, τη δημιουργία ενός Δικτύου από ΣΤΥΑ, με στόχο την δικτυακή αναζήτηση πληροφορίας σχετικής με τον ασθενή, εξασφαλίζοντας έτσι τη δυνατότητα του ελέγχου της πορείας της υγείας ενός ασθενούς. Το ΣΤΥΑ πέρα από την λειτουργία του σε εργαστηριακό επίπεδο, δοκιμάστηκε πιλοτικά σε πραγματικές συνθήκες.This dissertation introduces a new protocol named e-SCP-ECG+, which permits the transport and management of multiple information types collected from patients (vital signs, citizen demographic data, other information relative with the treated incident, allergy data, geolocation data, etc.), through a communication network to a Health Reception Center. The dissertation also defines the architecture of a Health Tele-monitoring System (HTS) aiming to protocol’s application and evaluation. The pilot HTS, uses the protocol e-SCP-ECG+, in order to transmit, manage and archive the collected information. The creation of an HTS’s Network is also included in this architecture. This network supports health continuity and gives doctor the ability to search information relative to the patient between different networked HTSs. The pilot HTS, has been tested both on laboratory conditions and in real-world operation.