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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Paramétrisation stochastique"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Paramétrisation stochastique"
Arnaud, P., and J. Lavabre. "La modélisation stochastique des pluies horaires et leur transformation en débits pour la prédétermination des crues." Revue des sciences de l'eau 13, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705402ar.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Paramétrisation stochastique"
Wietzerbin, Liliane. "Modélisation et paramétrisation d'objets naturels de formes complexes en trois dimensions : application à la simulation stochastique de la distribution d'hétérogénéités au sein des réservoirs pétroliers." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_WIETZERBIN_L.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNavas, Nunez Rafael. "Modélisation hydrologique distribuée des crues en région Cévennes-Vivarais : impact des incertitudes liées à l'estimation des précipitations et à la paramétrisation du modèle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU025/document.
Повний текст джерелаIt is known that having a precipitation observation system at high space - time resolution is crucial to obtain good results in rainfall - runoff modeling. Radar is a tool that offers quantitative precipitation estimates with very good resolution. When it is merged with a rain gauge network the advantages of both systems are achieved. However, radars estimates have different uncertainties than those obtained with the rain gauge. In the modeling process, uncertainty of precipitation interacts with uncertainty of the hydrological model. The objective of this work is: To study methods used to quantify the uncertainty in radar – raingauge merge precipitation estimation and uncertainty in hydrological modeling, in order to develop a methodology for the analysis of their individual contributions in the uncertainty of rainfall - runoff estimation.The work is divided in two parts, the first one evaluates: How the uncertainty of radar precipitation estimation can be quantified? To address the question, the geostatistical approach by Kriging with External Drift (KED) and Stochastic Generation of Precipitation was used, which allows to model the spatio - temporal structure of errors. The method was applied in the Cévennes - Vivarais region (France), where there is a very rich observation system. The second part explains: How can it be quantified the uncertainty of the hydrological simulation coming from the radar precipitation estimates and hydrological modeling process? In this point, the hydrological mesoscale computation tool was developed; it is distributed hydrological software in time continuous, within the basis of the Curve Number and the Unit Hydrograph. It was applied in 20 spatio-temporal resolutions ranging from 10 to 300 km2 and 1 to 6 hours in the Ardèche (~ 1971 km2) and the Gardon (1810 km2) basins. After a sensitivity analysis, the model was simplified with 4 parameters and the uncertainty of the chain of process was analyzed: 1) Precipitation estimation; 2) Hydrological modeling; and 3) Rainfall - runoff estimation, by using the coefficient of variation of the simulated flow.It has been shown that KED is a method that provides the standard deviation of the precipitation estimation, which can be transformed into a stochastic estimation of the local error. In the chain of processes: 1) Uncertainty in precipitation estimation increases with decreasing spatio-temporal scale, and its effect is attenuated by hydrological modeling, probably due by storage and transport properties of the basin; 2) The uncertainty of hydrological modeling depends on the simplification of hydrological processes and not on the surface of the basin; 3) Uncertainty in rainfall - runoff treatment is the result of the amplified combination of precipitation and hydrologic modeling uncertainties
Tucciarone, Francesco. "Stochastic parametrization of ocean models through high resolution observations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024URENS010.
Повний текст джерелаThe global climate is strongly dependent on the global Ocean state. Numerical simulation remains the only way to forecast the Ocean-Atmosphere system and assess future states to make reliable meteorological and climatological hazard forecasts. The primary tool for the investigation of the Ocean and the Atmosphere are large-scale simulations, while high resolution simulations remains confined to small geographical domains or short integration periods. The complex interdependence of mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics is, however, lost in simulations that do not resolve scales below the Rossby radius of deformation, and thus must be parametrized. Most of the challenges of fluid dynamics (in all its connotations) arise from the representation of these effects with an efficient closure scheme. A novel research trend involves incorporating perturbations and noise components into the dynamics. The goal is to enrich the variability and parametrize subgrid processes, turbulence, boundary value uncertainty and account for numerical and discretizarion errors
Garnier, Florent. "Paramétrisations stochastiques de processus biogéochimiques non résolus dans un modèle couplé NEMO/PISCES de l'Atlantique Nord : Applications pour l'assimilation de données de la couleur de l'océan." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU044/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn spite of recent advances, biogeochemical models are still unable to represent the full complexity of marine ecosystems.Since mathematical formulations are still based on empirical laws involving many parameters, it is now well established that the uncertainties inherent to the biogeochemical complexity strongly impact the model response.Improving model representation therefore requires to properly describe model uncertainties and their consequences.Moreover, in the context of ocean color data assimilation, one of the major issue rely on our ability to characterize the model uncertainty (or equivalently the model error) in order to maximize the efficiency of the assimilation system.This is exactly the purpose of this PhD which investigates the potential of using random processes to simulate some biogeochemical uncertaintiesof the 1/4° coupled physical–biogeochemical NEMO/PISCES model of the North Atlantic ocean.Starting from a deterministic simulation performed with the original PISCES formulation, we propose a genericmethod based on AR(1) random processes to generate perturbations with temporal and spatial correlations.These perturbations are introduced into the model formulations to simulate 2 classes of uncertainties: theuncertainties on biogeochemical parameters and the uncertainties induced by unresolved scales in the presenceof non-linear processes. Using these stochastic parameterizations, a probabilistic version of PISCES is designedand a 60-member ensemble simulation is performed.The implications of this probabilistic approach is assessed using the information of the probability distributions given of this ensemble simulationThe relevance and the impacts of the stochastic parameterizations are assessed from a comparison with SeaWIFS satellite data.In particular, it is shown that the ensemble simulation is able to produce a better estimate of the surface chlorophyll concentration than the first guess deterministic simulation.Using SeaWIFS ocean color data observations, the statistical consistency (reliability) of this prior ensemble is demonstrated using rank histograms.Finally, the relevance of our approach in the prospect of ocean color data assimilation is demonstrated by considering a 3D optimal analysis of the ensemble (one updateat one time step) performed from the statistic errors of the stochastic ensemble simulation previously stated.During this experiment, the high resolution SeaWIFS ocean color data are assimilated using a Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) analysis scheme and the non gaussian behaviour and non linear relationshipbetween variables are taken into account using anamorphic transformations.More specifically, we show that the analysis of SeaWIFS data improves the representation and the ensemble statistics of chlorophyll concentrations