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1
Sonnenfeld, David A. "The Ghost of Wesley Vale: Environmentalists' Influence on Innovation in Australia's Pulp and Paper Industry." Competition & Change 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 379–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102452949600100403.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper analyzes how a key conflict in Australia's pulp and paper industry became generalized to other sites through environmental action, government regulation, and industry initiative. From 1987–91, Australians debated construction of a new, world-class, export-oriented pulp mill in Tasmania. Rural residents, fishermen, and environmentalists, allied with the Australian Labor Party, succeeded in scuttling the project. Subsequently, the national government launched a major research program, state governments tightened regulations, and industry reduced elemental chlorine use. Any new mills constructed in Australia today would be among the cleanest in the world. This paper is part of a larger, comparative study of technological innovation in the pulp and paper industries of Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. The author interviewed industry officials, government regulators, research scientists, and environmentalists; visited pulp and paper mills; attended technical conferences; and conducted archival work in these countries during a 12-month period.
2
John Gleeson, Damian. "Public relations education in Australia, 1950-1975." Journal of Communication Management 18, no. 2 (April 29, 2014): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-11-2012-0091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the foundation and development of public relations education (PRE) in Australia between 1950 and 1975. Design/methodology/approach – This paper utilises Australian-held primary and official industry association material to present a detailed and revisionist history of PR education in Australia in its foundation decades. Findings – This paper, which locates Australia's first PRE initiatives in Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide in the 1960s, contests the only published account of PR education history by Potts (1976). The orthodox account, which has been repeated uncritically by later writers, overlooks earlier initiatives, such as the Melbourne-based Public Relations Institute of Australia, whose persistence resulted in Australia's first PR course at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in 1964. So too, educational initiatives in Adelaide and Sydney pre-date the traditional historiography. Originality/value – A detailed literature review suggests this paper represents the only journal-length piece on the history of PRE in Australia. It is also the first examination of relationships between industry, professional institutes, and educational authorities.
3
Eliason, Antonia, and Matteo Fiorini. "Australia – Anti-Dumping Measures on A4 Copy Paper: Opening a Door to More Anti-Dumping Investigations." World Trade Review 20, no. 4 (June 9, 2021): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474562100015x.
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AbstractThis paper analyzes the Australia – Anti-Dumping Measures on A4 Copy Paper panel report, the second recent WTO dispute to involve a challenge to Indonesia's paper industry. The Indonesian paper industry benefits from reduced-cost inputs because of the Indonesian government's influence and subsidies over the timber and pulp market. The report offers the first interpretation of ‘particular market situation’ under Article 2.2 of the WTO's Anti-Dumping Agreement. At the same time, it raises questions regarding the appropriateness of using anti-dumping measures to address what are fundamentally subsidy issues. While the panel ultimately found that Australia's measure was inconsistent with Article 2.2, the paper shows that the panel's interpretation of ‘particular market situation’ increases the relative attractiveness of using anti-dumping duties instead of countervailing measures. Two key points on the welfare implications of the decision can be made. The first relates to the motivations of the Australian paper industry and the imperfectly competitive market in which Australian Paper operates. The second is the importance of challenging subsidies rather than imposing anti-dumping duties where the subsidies in question have negative environmental effects.
4
Murray, J. H., and D. W. Young. "TAXATION OF THE AUSTRALIAN OFFSHORE INDUSTRY: A PERSPECTIVE." APPEA Journal 44, no. 1 (2004): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj03047.
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There is an extensive list of taxes (direct and indirect) that potentially apply to companies that explore and produce oil, gas or other hydrocarbons in Australia’s offshore waters. These taxes can include income tax, petroleum resource rent tax, royalties, goods and services tax, customs duties and fringe benefits tax. However, are such companies that produce in Australia taxed more than their counterparts in offshore locations elsewhere around the globe? This paper provides an insight into the principal forms of direct taxation that apply to the Australian offshore production industry. It examines the nature of the taxes applied, the rate of taxation and how the tax take has moved over the years since the first offshore exploration permits were granted in Australia in the late 1950s. The paper gives examples of how in practice each of the relevant taxes would apply throughout the life of a field and compares the taxation burden in Australia to that in other key offshore producing jurisdictions such as the UK, US and Norway. The paper concludes by looking at some of the economic and political factors that must be addressed by the Australian Government if Australia is to maintain a fiscally balanced tax regime to encourage further investment in our offshore industry.
5
König, U. "Climate change and snow tourism in Australia." Geographica Helvetica 54, no. 3 (September 30, 1999): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-54-147-1999.
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Abstract. This paper examines impacts of climate change as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCQ on the snow-reliability ofthe Australian ski fields. It is shown that with a «best case» climate scenario for the Australian Alps, all but one resort (Mt Baw Baw) would have at least 60 days of natural snowcover in 2030 and would therefore still be snow-reliable. With a «worst case» scenario in 2070 on the other hand, none of Australia's current ski resorts would be able to operate a profitable ski industry. Possible adaptation strategies of the ski industry to climate change are suggested. It is demonstrated that the more technical adaptation strategies such as snow-making, super-grooming, and snow-farming are well-developed in Australia, while clearly not enough has been done in both the development of non-snow related activities in winter and an enhanced all-season Visitation. This paper therefore argues that Australian ski resorts need to diversify more than they do today or they will ultimately close due to the negative effects of climate change.
6
Hogan, L., S. Thorpe, S. Zheng, L. Ho Trieu, G. Fok, and K. Donaldson. "ESTIMATED NET ECONOMIC BENEFITS FROM AUSTRALIA'S UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: 1980-2010." APPEA Journal 36, no. 2 (1996): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj95072.
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Australia's oil and gas resources industry has made a significant contribution to the Australian economy and is expected to continue to do so over the next 15 years and beyond. While oil and gas production from Bass Strait has been the most important part of the industry in the past, offshore oil and gas production has increased strongly in northwest Australia over the past decade. Future growth in the industry is expected to be mainly associated with further strong growth in gas production for both domestic use and the export market. This paper contains an assessment of some major net economic benefits from the exploration, development and production of Australia's oil and gas resources during the period 1980 to 2010.
7
Graser, H.-U., B. Tier, D. J. Johnston, and S. A. Barwick. "Genetic evaluation for the beef industry in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 8 (2005): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05075.
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Genetic evaluation for beef cattle in Australia has been performed using an animal model with best linear unbiased prediction since 1984. The evaluation procedures have evolved from simple to more complex models and from few to a large number of traits, including traits for reproduction, growth and carcass characteristics. This paper describes in detail the current beef cattle genetic evaluation system ‘BREEDPLAN’ used for the Australian beef cattle industry, the traits analysed and underlying models, and presents a short overview of the challenges and planned developments of coming years.
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Young, D., R. Brockett, and J. Smart. "AUSTRALIA—SOVEREIGN RISK AND THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY." APPEA Journal 45, no. 1 (2005): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04017.
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Australia has rejoiced in its reputation for having low sovereign risk and corresponding rating, for decades. This reputation was bruised in the first decade after the High Court introduced Native Title into Australian law by the legislative response of the then Government, but has since recovered, and enjoys the world’s lowest country risk rating, and shares the worlds best sovereign risk rating with the USA. A number of government precipitated occurrences in recent times, however, raise the question: for how long can this continue?This paper tracks the long history of occasional broken resource commitments—for both petroleum and mining interests—by governments at both State and Federal level, and the policies which have driven these breaches. It also discusses the notorious recent cancellation of a resource lease by the Queensland Government, first by purporting to cancel the bauxite lease and, after legal action had commenced, by a special Act of Parliament to repeal a State Agreement Act. This has raised concerns in boardrooms around the world of the security of assets held in Australia on a retention, or care and maintenance basis.The paper also looks at the cancellation of the offshore prospecting rights held by WMC, with no compensation. This was a result of the concept that rights extinguished by the Commonwealth, with no gain to the Commonwealth or any other party do not constitute an acquisition of property, thereby denying access to the constitutional guarantee of ’just terms’ supposedly enshrined in the Australian Constitution where an acquisition has occurred.Some other examples are the prohibition on exploration in Queensland national parks last November. This cost some companies with existing tenures a lot of money as exploration permits were granted, but then permission to do seismic exploration refused (Victoria). Several losses of rights occurred as a result of the new Queensland Petroleum and Other Acts Amendment Act after investments have been made.Changes in fiscal policy can also impact on project viability, and some instances of this are considered.This paper also explores ways these risks can be minimised, and how and when compensation might be recovered.
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Watson, Michelle. "Concerns for Skills Shortages in the 21st Century: A Review into the Construction Industry, Australia." Construction Economics and Building 7, no. 1 (November 22, 2012): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v7i1.2977.
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The Australian Construction Industry is now facing skills shortages in all trades. As an industry focused on the skill of its workforce, there is now concern the Australian standard in quality, workmanship, and productivity will inhibit both at national and international level.This research paper addresses the underlying, influential factors concerning skills shortages in the Australian construction industry. The influential factors addressed include funding, training statistics, employer expectations, financial limitations, Industrial Relations and immigration. Given the reference to skills shortages within the industry, and documented in related literature, if skills shortages are to continue to exist, their effect will impact upon the overall performance of construction companies throughout Australia.
10
Madison, Jeanne, and Richard Gates. "Australian registered nurses and sex-based harassment in the healthcare industry." Australian Health Review 19, no. 3 (1996): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah960014.
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This paper discusses sex-based harassment in the nursing profession in Australia. Thepaper generates industry-specific hypotheses which may provide insights into sex-basedharassment in the Australian context. A good understanding of sex-based harassmentin health care is essential for reducing and eliminating the problem and its toxicsequelae.
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Carruthers, Ian. "CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE PETROLEUM PRODUCTION INDUSTRY—NEW CHALLENGES AND NEW OPPORTUNITIES." APPEA Journal 34, no. 2 (1994): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93089.
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This paper discusses developments in the international climate change agenda and the consequent impacts and opportunities this creates for Australia. The Framework Convention on Climate Change has just entered into force, which imposes a range of commitments on Australia. Australia needs to participate actively in the international negotiations on the Convention's implementation to ensure that its interests are protected. The National Greenhouse Response Strategy provides the basis for Australia's response to climate change. The Petroleum Exploration Industry has scope to take 'no regrets' actions to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions as well as an incentive to do so to enhance its public image as a good environmental citizen.
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Miah, Muhammad Shahin. "Audit Fee Premium for Industry Specialization: A Developed Country Perspective." Journal of Accounting, Business and Management (JABM) 26, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31966/jabminternational.v26i2.409.
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This paper examines the effects of industry specialization (city-level, nationallevel, and joint-level) on audit pricing in the Australia. By using Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listed companies, this study documents that auditors who are industry specialists at both city-and national-level charge significantly higher audit fees compare to those auditors who are specialists either only at city-level or only at national-level industry specialist. However, in further analysis, this study documents that firms who are city-level industry specialists they charge relatively higher audit fees than nationallevel industry specialists, which is consistent with prior research on audit fee premiums studies concentrated in Australia. The greater audit fees charged by city-level industry specialists auditors are possibly attributed to recent changes in accounting regulations environment in Australia (e.g., mandatory adoption of IFRS). Such a significant shift in financial reporting environment due of IFRS adoption can affect audit expertise which may be reflected in this study. This study findings are robust in a set of alternative tests following prior research.
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Bosma, Shane. "The impact of recent shipping reforms on the offshore oil and gas industry in Australia." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12017.
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This peer-reviewed paper focuses on the impact of recent shipping reforms on the offshore oil and gas industry in Australia. These reforms are: the wholesale rewrite of the Navigation Act 1912 (Cth) by the Navigation Act 2012 (Cth), and the introduction of the Marine Safety (Domestic Commercial Vessels) Act 2012 (Cth); the registration of ships in Australia and the regulation of coastal trading in Australia; and, the regulation of marine pollution in Australia. The regulatory framework for offshore oil and gas facilities, and the interaction between the maritime legislation and the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (Cth)—specifically, how the legislation applies at different stages of the operation of offshore oil and gas facilities—is considered. Also considered is the Australian Government’s Stronger Shipping for a Stronger Economy shipping reform package, which aims to position the Australian shipping industry to take advantage of opportunities provided by an expanding export market. This peer-reviewed paper also considers the new offences for oil pollution from ships, the widened scope of liability to include charterers of ships for oil pollution, and the significantly increased penalties for pollution offences promulgated by the Maritime Legislation Amendment Act 2011 (Cth). The text was finalised in November 2012, and for that reason developments after this date have not been treated.
14
Sundqvist, Jan, Bengt Larsson, and Goran Lindahl. "Cooperation in the Building Sector between Building Material Manufacturers and Contractors to Develop Products." Construction Economics and Building 7, no. 2 (November 23, 2012): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v7i2.2990.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Australian Construction Industry is nowfacing skills shortages in all trades. As anindustry focused on the skill of its workforce,there is now concern the Australian standard inquality, workmanship, and productivity will inhibitboth at national and international level.This research paper addresses the underlying,influential factors concerning skills shortages inthe Australian construction industry. Theinfluential factors addressed include funding,training statistics, employer expectations,financial limitations, Industrial Relations andimmigration. Given the reference to skillsshortages within the industry, and documented inrelated literature, if skills shortages are tocontinue to exist, their effect will impact upon theoverall performance of construction companiesthroughout Australia.
15
Bethune, Graeme, and Susan Bethune. "Petroleum production and development across Australia 2017." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18009.
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This Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia review looks in detail at the trends and highlights for oil and gas production and development both onshore and offshore Australia during 2017. Gas production soared while oil production plummeted yet again. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) did well; 2017 was a great year for LNG and 2018 should be even better. There are stark contrasts between domestic gas on the west and east coasts. On the west coast, prices are affordable and supply relatively plentiful. On the east, prices are high and gas is in short supply. This paper canvasses these trends and makes conclusions about the condition of the oil and gas industry in Australia. This paper relies primarily on production and reserves data compiled by EnergyQuest. In its latest review of Australian energy policy, the International Energy Agency comments yet again on the weaknesses of Australian oil and gas statistics. This paper also makes some observations on these weaknesses.
16
Constable, Tania. "2014 Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release." APPEA Journal 54, no. 1 (2014): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13039.
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The potential for natural gas to fuel economic growth around the world is tremendous. Australia has a pivotal role to play with our abundant natural gas reserves and record levels of investment in LNG production capacity. Australia is presently the world’s third-largest exporter of LNG, with an export capacity of 24.3 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) from three operational projects. Capacity will increase to around 90 mtpa by 2018, once the seven projects being constructed come online. The Australian Government is committed to ensuring the long-term growth of the petroleum industry, and the promotion of competitive, sustainable and well-regulated markets operating in the best interests of the nation. Exploration is essential for the future of Australia’s resources sector to enhance our international competitiveness while maintaining Australian energy security and that of our energy trading partners. Investment in offshore petroleum exploration is facilitated though the annual Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release prepared by the Australian Government Department of Industry and Geoscience Australia. The Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release is underpinned by a stable economic environment and clear regulatory framework that provides investment certainty and security of title. This paper provides details about the acreage included in the 2014 Offshore Petroleum Exploration Acreage Release. All areas are supported by geological data and analysis from Geoscience Australia. This paper also discusses the introduction of cash bidding for mature areas and areas containing known petroleum accumulations, in addition to Australian Government initiatives in the offshore petroleum sphere.
17
Hopkins, D. L., E. S. Toohey, K. L. Pearce, and I. Richards. "Some important changes in the Australian sheep meat processing industry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07393.
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In the last 5 years there has been a dramatic increase in the adoption in the Australian sheep meat processing industry of electrical technologies designed to streamline processing and improve product quality. Part of this change was initiated by an Australia-wide audit of lamb tenderness in 1997–98 and the development of a program to establish an eating quality scheme for sheep meat across Australia. Critically, these initiatives coincided with the development of new ways of administering electrical currents to either bodies or carcasses. Underlying this new approach is the electrocution of carcasses individually on segmented electrodes in a dose responsive way with electricity that has short pulse widths and lower voltages. This paper documents the pivotal factors which have contributed to this level of industry adoption and which has seen 14 abattoirs install the new technology. Of these abattoirs only one previously had any form of stimulation and these abattoirs represent more than 70% of the throughput of sheep and lambs on a tonnage basis per year in Australia.
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Thwaite, Anne. "Inclusive and Empowering Discourse in an Early Childhood Literacy Classroom with Indigenous Students." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 36, no. 1 (2007): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100004385.
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AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the classroom discourse and strategies of Marcia, an early childhood teacher of a class with a high percentage of Indigenous Australian students. These students have been demonstrably successful on standardised literacy tests, which is not the case for Indigenous students in general in Australia (e.g., MCEETYA, 200). It will be suggested here that Marcia’s approach and relationships with the students, as constructed in her discourse, have been a large contributing factor in this success. Marcia’s discourse can be described as both inclusive and empowering and, as such, it will be proposed that awareness of her techniques may be of benefit to teachers who are working with groups whom education systems tend to marginalise and disempower. Marcia’s lessons were observed as part of the project, “Teaching Indigenous Students with Conductive Hearing Loss in Remote and Urban Schools of Western Australia”. This project was based in Kurongkurl Katitjin, School of Indigenous Studies, at Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, and was funded by an Australian Research Council Strategic Partnerships with Industry [SPIRT] Grant and the industry partners: Department of Education of Western Australia, Catholic Education Commission of Western Australia and Aboriginal Independent Community Schools, Western Australia.
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Tuohy, Ian R., and Michael A. Dopita. "The Lyman Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Mission (Invited Paper)." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 7, no. 2 (1987): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000022165.
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AbstractThe Lyman mission will undertake the first sensitive high resolution spectroscopic observations in the largely unexplored 912-1216Å region. This astrophysically critical wavelength interval is exceedingly rich in diagnostic spectral lines such as the Lyman series of atomic hydrogen and deuterium, the Lyman and Werner bands of molecular hydrogen and deuterium, and the resonance lines of numerous important species including CIII, NI-III and OVI. Lyman will have a major impact in all areas of modern astrophysics, with the most fundamental contribution being the determination of light element abundances in the local interstellar medium and in the intergalactic medium at low redshift. The mapping of hot gas (T ∼ 3 × 105K) and molecular hydrogen and HD in the disk and halo of our galaxy represent additional major objectives for which Lyman is uniquely qualified.The Lyman payload will comprise a grazing incidence telescope and three spectroscopic instruments: the prime spectrograph operating between 912-1250Å with a resolution of λ/ Δλ ∼ 30,000, a far ultraviolet spectrograph (1200-2000Å;λ/ Δλ ∼ 10,000), and an extreme ultraviolet spectrograph (100-900Å; λ /Δλ ∼ 300). Observations will be conducted from a highly efficient 48 hour elliptical orbit which will allow long un-interrupted exposures and real time operations. It is anticipated that Lyman will be launched by Ariane in 1996, and will have an operational lifetime of at least 5 years. Data reception and spacecraft control will be undertaken from ground stations in Spain and in Australia.Lyman is currently being studied at Phase-A level by Australia in close coordination with the European Space Agency. The scientific involvement is the responsibility of the Lyman Science Working Group, composed of members representing the various astronomical institutions in Australia. Funding to support the technical and scientific aspects of the mission is provided via the Australian Space Board and the Department of Industry, Technology and Commerce in recognition of the major opportunity that Lyman presents to the Australian aerospace industry.
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Kavonic, Saul. "Australia's LNG wars – an industry under fire." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17053.
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As the construction of Australia’s impressive liquefied natural gas (LNG) arsenal (that included multiple world firsts) ends, new weapons and tactics will now be employed. The industry is coming under fire politically, and new battle fronts are emerging as renewables rise in the power generation mix. Amidst the brave new industry landscape, some Australian LNG projects and companies will advance and add value, while others will retreat. In this paper I ask the questions ‘how will the Australian LNG industry survive in the face of softer prices; and how will industry strategy be adapted?’ I will provide an outlook for Australia’s LNG sector and how it will continue the fight for market share at the global level. Cost will be king and Australia will march forward if the troops can be rallied. I highlight the challenges that the industry faces from various policy fronts, and discuss the risks posed by the ever growing multitude of cries for government intervention across the sector, as friendly fire from policy makers hamper progress. I critically analyse the case for domestic gas reinforcements: will a west east pipeline come to the rescue, or will Queensland LNG ‘advance to the rear’, or perhaps the world’s largest LNG exporter turn importer? Opportunities for more value remain for the brave as Australia faces a new gas paradigm amidst tumultuous global conditions.
21
Thorne, Hannah Briony, Jenna Axtens, and Talitha Best. "Perceptual Factors Influencing the Adoption of Innovative Tissue Culture Technology by the Australian Avocado Industry." Agriculture 12, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091288.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Avocado growers in Australia are currently experiencing long wait times for orchard-ready plants, limiting productivity and profitability. Tissue culture technology represents a faster and more efficient process of producing plants, offering a solution. However, the development of new growing technology comes with the inherent risk of industry nonacceptance and limited uptake, a costly problem for both innovators and industry. This study explored factors related to technology acceptance by the intended end-users of tissue culture technology within the avocado industry in Australia. The study provides key insights into the overall industry sentiment towards uptake and adoption of tissue-culture technology. An online survey was conducted with participants from the Australian avocado industry and demonstrated perceptions of tissue culture technology were generally positive and that, with appropriate extension services, adoption is predicted to be high across industry users. This paper contributes to the behavioural science of technology adoption by exploring perceived use and likely uptake prior to the broad extension strategies of a new technology.
22
Taylor, Andrew. "Shaping the decommissioning landscape of tomorrow." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19029.
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Associated with the growth of Australia’s oil and gas industry over the past 40 years, our oceans currently host oil and gas production and transportation infrastructure that will cost ~AU$30 billion to decommission. National Energy Resources Australia (NERA) is one of six industry growth centres (IGC) funded by the Australian Government. NERA is investigating opportunities for transforming the way that Australia manages its upcoming decommissioning activities. In 2019, NERA undertook a series of stakeholder consultations to refresh our understanding of Australia’s decommissioning outlook. Feedback was received through more than 20 interviews and follow-up surveys with the service sector, operators, research organisations, regulators and consultants. This paper highlights the outcomes of this review and NERA’s view on opportunities to position Australia favourably to manage decommissioning in a way that maximises benefits.
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Davis, Natasha. "Paperpower: The Japanese paper industry and the environment in Australia and Japan." Japanese Studies 15, no. 1 (May 1995): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10371399508571518.
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Buttery, Alan, and Rick Tamaschke. "Marketing Decision Support Systems and Australian Businesses: A Queensland Case Study and Implications Towards 2000." Journal of Management & Organization 3, no. 1 (January 1997): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s183336720000599x.
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AbstractLittle is known about the extent to which the Marketing Decision Support System (MDSS) technology is currently used in Australia, or about the scope for the technology in Australia towards the year 2000. This paper reports the results of recent survey research into MDSS in Queensland by industry sector (agriculture and mining, manufacturing, construction, and services). The results suggest that there is an urgent need to boost the pace of MDSS development in all industry sectors, and that this should be given a high priority in government policy initiatives to enhance Australia's competitive advantage. It is possible, otherwise, that the present gap in information usage between Australia and its competitors will widen, with consequent negative implications for the nation's current account deficit, foreign debt and unemployment.
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Buttery, Alan, and Rick Tamaschke. "Marketing Decision Support Systems and Australian Businesses: A Queensland Case Study and Implications Towards 2000." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 3, no. 1 (January 1997): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.1997.3.1.51.
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AbstractLittle is known about the extent to which the Marketing Decision Support System (MDSS) technology is currently used in Australia, or about the scope for the technology in Australia towards the year 2000. This paper reports the results of recent survey research into MDSS in Queensland by industry sector (agriculture and mining, manufacturing, construction, and services). The results suggest that there is an urgent need to boost the pace of MDSS development in all industry sectors, and that this should be given a high priority in government policy initiatives to enhance Australia's competitive advantage. It is possible, otherwise, that the present gap in information usage between Australia and its competitors will widen, with consequent negative implications for the nation's current account deficit, foreign debt and unemployment.
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Sun, Jiaxin. "Current Situation and Future Development of Australian Retail Industry." Modern Economics & Management Forum 3, no. 2 (April 25, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/memf.v3i2.773.
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These years, traditional Australian retailers have gone through a hard time threatened by domestic online retailers, and the sales of traditional retailers have been declined per annual over the past five years and only forecast to improve slightly over the next five years. At the same time, the continuous propagation of COVID-19, and the relationship between retailers and customers further exacerbates the crisis. So to have a full understanding of the current circumstance of Australian traditional retailers, in this paper, we will firstly analyze the retail industry as a whole including its features and current bottlenecks and then detailed reasons of current bottlenecks will be showed. We will also put forward targeted development strategy for the traditional retail industry in Australia.
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Saha, Nipa. "Advertising food to Australian children: has self-regulation worked?" Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 12, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 525–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-07-2019-0023.
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Purpose This paper aims to outline the historic development of advertising regulation that governs food advertising to children in Australia. Through reviewing primary and secondary literature, such as government reports and research, this paper examines the influence of various regulatory policies that limit children’s exposure to food and beverage marketing on practices across television (TV), branded websites and Facebook pages. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews studies performed by the food industry and public health researchers and reviews of the evidence by government and non-government agencies from the early 19th century until the present day. Also included are several other research studies that evaluate the effects of self-regulation on Australian TV food advertising. Findings The government, public health and the food industry have attempted to respond to the rapid changes within the advertising, marketing and media industries by developing and reviewing advertising codes. However, self-regulation is failing to protect Australian children from exposure to unhealthy food advertising. Practical implications The findings could aid the food and beverage industry, and the self-regulatory system, to promote comprehensive and achievable solutions to the growing obesity rates in Australia by introducing new standards that keep pace with expanded forms of marketing communication. Originality/value This study adds to the research on the history of regulation of food advertising to children in Australia by offering insights into the government, public health and food industry’s attempts to respond to the rapid changes within the advertising, marketing and media industries by developing and reviewing advertising codes.
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Carpenter, Chris. "JIP Focuses on Equipment Reliability in Subsea Production Systems." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 08 (August 1, 2022): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0822-0058-jpt.
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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30219, “SEAR JIP: A Success Story of Collaboration and How To Improve Equipment Reliability on Subsea Production Systems,” by Adriana Botto, Wood; Manish Tomar, Chevron; and Stuart Ferrier, ConocoPhillips, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. The Subsea Equipment Australia Reliability (SEAR) joint industry project (JIP) is a partnership led by Wood with participation from a group of operators including Chevron Australia, ConocoPhillips, Inpex, Santos, Shell Australia, and Woodside. Now delivering Phase 6, the JIP is focused on collaboration and knowledge-sharing to improve the competitiveness of Australia’s oil and gas industry by addressing critical challenges associated with premature subsea-equipment failure. The complete paper provides an overview of the JIP and outlines lessons learned and value created. Background The SEAR JIP was initiated in 2014 with an aim of generating significant cost savings by improving subsea-equipment reliability and design for Australian operations, a goal best achieved through collaboration and knowledge-sharing. A reliability database was developed to collect offshore-operations failure information from SEAR members. The database provides a low-cost/high-value method of capturing lessons learned for subsea-equipment performance in Australia. A complementary test program, Transforming Australian Subsea Equipment Reliability (TASER), is under way to model innovative technologies under variable environments to validate equipment advancements. Phase 6 of the JIP aims to continue populating the reliability database while addressing two major industry challenges: the effect of marine fouling affecting equipment operability, and unwanted gas in subsea controls umbilicals. The outcome of this phase should provide opportunities for standardization, life extension, and development of new technologies. The JIP plans to issue an industry recommended practice in 2022 harnessing the lessons learned. This recommended practice will identify root causes of equipment failure and recommend material selection and mechanical design requirements for different environmental conditions. This will enable an improvement in equipment availability and a reduction in operating expenditures by minimizing offshore intervention to address failed equipment.
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Khatter, Ajay, Leanne White, Joanne Pyke, and Michael McGrath. "Stakeholders’ Influence on Environmental Sustainability in the Australian Hotel Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031351.
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Hotels are a key element of the tourism industry. Hotels are the most common form of accommodation for tourists and the hotel industry is intricately to tourism. A review of the academic literature indicates that existing research is primarily focused on sustainability in tourism, but very few studies have analysed the environmental dimension of sustainability in hotels in Australia, an important facet of the Australian tourism industry. The paper presents the findings of the influence of stakeholders on environmentally sustainable policies and practices (ESPPs) in the Australian hotel industry. One-on-one interviews were conducted with hotel managers as a representative sample of Australian hotels in Melbourne, Australia. The selected sample for the research comprised managers who manage approximately 60 hotels. The data was collected through in-depth interviews. It was then transcribed, coded, and analysed with NVIVO, a computer-aided qualitative data analysis software program. The sample size ensured representation by different segments of the hotel industry to include international chain-affiliated hotels, Australian chain-affiliated hotels and independent hotels. An analysis of the findings suggests that owners and shareholders are the biggest influencers as their investment takes primary importance. Other key stakeholders such as guests generally play a secondary role in influencing the ESPPs of hotels. ESPPs should lead to well-intentioned initiatives and practices that are undertaken by stakeholders to create drivers for change to contribute to environmental sustainability.
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Ito, Yutaka, Shuto Mikami, Hyongdoo Jang, Abbas Taheri, Kenta Tanaka, and Youhei Kawamura. "University Students’ Preferences for Labour Conditions at a Mining Site: Evidence from Two Australian Universities." Resources 9, no. 3 (March 10, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9030029.
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The mining industry makes up a large portion of the gross domestic product (GDP) in Australia, although securing human resources remains a problem in that field. The aim of this paper is to identify Australian university mining students’ preferences, considering it as potential employees’ preferences, for labour conditions at mining sites by means of a discrete choice experiment to promote efficient improvements in labour conditions in the mining industry. The data of 93 respondents analysed in this paper was collected by survey carried out in two universities in Australia. The result of the study showed that students have preferences on several factors such as wage, fatality rate, working position, commuting style, and company. Students having specific sociodemographic characters were found to show specific preferences on labour conditions. The results of this study indicate the potential average of appropriate monetary compensation for each factor.
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Smith, Matthew. "Reducing the complexity of environmental approvals: learnings from an industry-wide collaborative effort." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18273.
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This extended abstract uses the reference case project, initiated by National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority, now led by National Energy Resources Australia, to delve into the underlying issues in the environmental approvals process and propose the root causes that have influenced this flagship collaborative effort. Collaboration for competitors is inherently difficult. The basis for meaningful collaboration is to find intractable problems that are better solved by a collection of participants with a common purpose. The environmental approvals process has evolved into an intractable problem that is adversely affecting the oil and gas industry’s ability to explore by becoming a barrier to investment and a source of uncertainty in project execution. Successive Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association conferences, and oil and gas industry leaders, have frequently promoted the collaboration imperative to the industry. Indeed, there is broad agreement, and many international examples on matters of health, safety and environmental management, that there is no value in competition. Why then is meaningful collaboration so difficult to deliver in an environmental management setting in Australia? This paper explores the successes and failures of the reference case project to illuminate the realities of collaboration in the Australian offshore petroleum industry. The paper shares insights from project leads, participants, decision makers and stakeholders and covers how collaboration can unlock barriers to investment and deliver greater certainty to the oil and gas industry and the Australian community.
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Molyneux, Simon. "PESA Australian business environment review 2019." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj20009.
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This Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia review looks at the major issues that impacted the Australian petroleum business environment in 2019. While the petroleum business in 2020 has been combating an oil price slump and a global economic slowdown driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, 2019 will be remembered as a pivotal year in the petroleum industry. At a global level, climate change moved centre-stage with global protests, extensive media coverage and clear commitments from global players in the resource industry to become net-zero emitters of carbon. Oil prices averaged US$64/barrel for Brent, liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices fell and global CO2 emissions from power generation were flat for the first time. In Australia, petroleum production also increased, driven by LNG production, and Australia became the world’s largest producer of LNG, the world’s largest CO2 injection plant became operational and the regulatory system was tested by current operations and future drilling. Meanwhile, society’s relationship with the petroleum industry was reframed with the linking of extensive bushfires to climate change. This paper will describe each of these issues and frame the issues facing the industry in 2020 and beyond.
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Li, Hui, and Petros Stathis. "Determinants of capital structure in Australia: an analysis of important factors." Managerial Finance 43, no. 8 (August 14, 2017): 881–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-02-2017-0030.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the many factors that affect the leverage decisions of publicly traded Australian companies, and tests to see whether these factors are reliably important. The relationship between these factors and the leverage decision is examined. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a multiple linear panel regressions to study the relationship between the factors and leverage. Findings The authors find a set of eight factors which are reliably important for capital structure decision making. These factors include: profitability, log of assets, median industry leverage, industry growth, market to book ratio, tangibility, capital expenditure, and investment tax credits. The empirical evidence indicates weakening support for the pecking order hypothesis and increasing support for the trade-off theory in Australia. Originality/value This paper examines the determinants of capital structure using Australian firms and provides a comprehensive empirical support for the capital structure theories.
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Booth, Sue, and Jillian Whelan. "Hungry for change: the food banking industry in Australia." British Food Journal 116, no. 9 (August 26, 2014): 1392–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-01-2014-0037.
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Purpose – Over the last 20 years, food banks in Australia have expanded nationwide and are a well-organised “industry” operating as a third tier of the emergency food relief system. The purpose of this paper is to overview the expansion and operation of food banks as an additional self-perpetuating “tier” in the response to hunger. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws on secondary data sourced from the internet; as well as information provided by Foodbank Australia and Food Bank South Australia (known as Food Bank SA) to outline the history, development and operation of food banks. Food banking is then critically analysed by examining the nature and framing of the social problems and policies that food banking seeks to address. This critique challenges the dominant intellectual paradigm that focuses on solving problems; rather it questions how problem representation may imply certain understandings. Findings – The issue of food banks is framed as one of food re-distribution and feeding hungry people; however, the paper argue that “the problem” underpinning the food bank industry is one of maintaining food system efficiency. Food banks continue as a neo-liberal mechanism to deflect query, debate and structural action on food poverty and hunger. Consequently their existence does little to ameliorate the problem of food poverty. Practical implications – New approaches and partnerships with stakeholders remain key challenges for food banks to work more effectively to address food poverty. Social implications – While the food bank industry remains the dominant solution to food poverty in Australia, debate will be deflected from the underlying structural causes of hunger. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the limited academic literature and minimal critique of the food bank industry in Australia. It proposes that the rapid expansion of food banks is a salient marker of government and policy failure to address food poverty.
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Bethune, M., and D. P. Armstrong. "Overview of the irrigated dairy industry in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 2 (2004): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03148.
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The irrigated dairy industry is an important rural industry and confers significant social and economic benefits to Australia. The future prosperity of irrigated dairying will depend on the efficient use of water resources to overcome: (i) limited irrigation water availability, (ii) rising farm production costs, and (iii) the potential negative impacts of irrigation on the environment. This paper overviews the importance of the irrigated dairy industry to Australia, the production system, industry trends and some of the main challenges facing the industry.
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Mattar, Yasser. "What's so Special about Agglomeration? A Survival Analysis of Internet Consultancies in Australia." Asian Journal of Social Science 37, no. 5 (2009): 821–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156848409x12474536440708.
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AbstractSince the 1970s, the Australian government has seen the information and communication technology industry as a viable industry for promotion and investment. This paper attempts to empirically evaluate policy initiatives geared towards geographical co-location through a survival analysis of Internet consultancy organisations that were in operation in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory between 1996 and 2003. This will be augmented by anecdotal evidence through interviews done with representatives of organisations sampled from the dataset. It will be shown that co-location in Australia does not offer the necessary resources for survival as predicted by locational economics. Rather, organisational networks that transcend physical displacements are of more importance in ensuring organisational survival.
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Jacka, Liz. "The Film Industry in Australia: Trends in the Eighties." Media Information Australia 42, no. 1 (November 1986): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8604200103.
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In this companion to Thomas Guback's paper on the American film industry I survey the changes in the film industry in Australia. One could as well say, echoing his title, the American film industry in Australia because the cinema trade here is still dominated by Hollywood. To illustrate this, in 1980 there were 223 movies from the US registered in Australia and only 20 from Australia.1 Although 827 films in total were registered that year (including 176 from Hong Kong), the vast majority of these films received no major theatrical release. Movies emanating from the traditional American-owned sources continue to dominate the major city cinemas.
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Mani, Deepa, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, and Sameera Mubarak. "Information security in the South Australian real estate industry." Information Management & Computer Security 22, no. 1 (March 4, 2014): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imcs-10-2012-0060.
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Purpose – Opportunities for malicious cyber activities have expanded with the globalisation and advancements in information and communication technology. Such activities will increasingly affect the security of businesses with online presence and/or connected to the internet. Although the real estate sector is a potential attack vector for and target of malicious cyber activities, it is an understudied industry. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the information security threats, awareness, and risk management standards currently employed by the real estate sector in South Australia. Design/methodology/approach – The current study comprises both quantitative and qualitative methodologies, which include 20 survey questionnaires and 20 face-to-face interviews conducted in South Australia. Findings – There is a lack of understanding about the true magnitude of malicious cyber activities and its impact on the real estate sector, as illustrated in the findings of 40 real estate organisations in South Australia. The findings and the escalating complexities of the online environment underscore the need for regular ongoing training programs for basic online security (including new cybercrime trends) and the promotion of a culture of information security (e.g. when using smart mobile devices to store and access sensitive data) among staff. Such initiatives will enable staff employed in the (South Australian) real estate sector to maintain the current knowledge of the latest cybercrime activities and the best cyber security protection measures available. Originality/value – This is the first academic study focusing on the real estate organisations in South Australia. The findings will contribute to the evidence on the information security threats faced by the sector as well as in develop sector-specific information security risk management guidelines.
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Purdy, B. "HOW COMPETITIVE IS THE AUSTRALIAN INCOME TAX REGIME FOR EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION?" APPEA Journal 41, no. 1 (2001): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj00049.
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‘Australia must have a taxation system which equips it for the coming decades, not for those that have passed. If we do not achieve this, Australians will not enjoy the standard of living this nation has the potential to deliver’ (Ralph et al, 1999).One of the outcomes of the increasingly global nature of the resource industry is countries, especially those in close proximity to each other, are now competing for investment in resource projects. A key factor for investors assessing competing resource projects is the host country’s fiscal regime, including income tax, as this can significantly affect a project’s profitability and cash flow.The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the income tax regime and issues currently facing the upstream Australian oil and gas industry (Sarich, 20001 ). In particular, this paper will:examine the Federal Government’s Review of Business Taxation and identify how the announcements impact on exploration and production activities;compare the Australian income tax regime on exploration and production to other countries in the region with whom Australia competes for investment and capital; andcomment on income tax issues facing Australian resource companies when conducting foreign activities.
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Diamond, Tara. "Constructivism: an answer to activism." APPEA Journal 59, no. 2 (2019): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18241.
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The rise of activism is impacting the future of the Australian resources and energy industry. New projects suffer delays on a myriad of regulatory fronts, and fall victim to coordinated activist campaigns seeking to undermine their social licence to operate. Public trust in the natural gas industry is declining more rapidly in Australia than any other country, followed closely by the United States. In Australia, the industry is looking internationally for best practice approaches to turning this issue of perceptions around. In this paper I have drawn on the latest research and practical case studies from the United States to argue that harnessing the power of the workforce is the key to a strong, constructive response to activism and shifting community perceptions of the industry. I articulate the concept of constructivism in support of the resources and energy industries as an answer to activism, outlining strategies for successful constructivist campaigns, ultimately led by highly engaged Australian workforces. The method involves applying this constructivist approach to ‘Industry Employee Engagement’, creating a clear sense of purpose and emotional bond between your employees, their work and the industry. This sees employees motivated to take action and, when equipped with the appropriate knowledge and skills, discuss and promote the industry within their own community networks. Success will provide an aligned and unified approach to turning around perceptions of the industry and ensuring all Australians are fully informed and behind the role the industry will play in our nation’s future.
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Bianchi, Robert J., Michael E. Drew, and Timothy Whittaker. "The Predictive Performance of Asset Pricing Models: Evidence from the Australian Securities Exchange." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 19, no. 04 (December 2016): 1650023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091516500235.
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This paper considers the accuracy (or otherwise) of cost of equity estimates provided by a range of Australian asset pricing models on industry returns. The results suggest that a simple, constant-benchmark approach (fixed excess return of five percent per annum) provides the best forecast for the cost of equity capital for the various industry segments of the Australian Securities Exchange examined across the observation window. Our results from Australia corroborate U.S. findings regarding the disconnect between asset pricing models that provide the best ex-post explanation of asset returns and models that produce superior ex-ante predictions of the cost of capital.
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Westcott, Mark. "Employers and Bargaining Structure: the Case of the Australian Oil Industry." Journal of Industrial Relations 41, no. 4 (December 1999): 575–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569904100406.
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In the Australian literature on industrial relations, the dominant explation for the operation of employer associations bas come from the work of David Plowman. In the course of his analysis Plowman came to postulate that, unlike the situation in other industrialised economies, employer associations did little to influence the structure of bargaining in Australia. Plowman's argument has recently been subject to criticism, most notably by Barry, and Sheldon and Thornthwaite. This paper argues, like the recent revisionists, that employers have been instrumental in affecting both the level and the scope of bargaining. Evidence drawn from the activities of companies operating in the Australian oil industry during the period 1950-1980 supports this contention.
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Khalfan, Malik M. A., and Tayyab Maqsood. "Current State of Off-Site Manufacturing in Australian and Chinese Residential Construction." Journal of Construction Engineering 2014 (September 25, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/164863.
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Many techniques have been implemented to make construction industry more productive. The key focus is on reduction of total duration, reduction in construction cost, improvements in the quality, achieving more sustainable development, and safer construction sites. One of the techniques, which is emerging in the last two decades, is the use of off-site manufacturing (OSM) within the construction industry. Several research projects and industry initiatives have reported the benefits and challenges of implementation of OSM. The focus of this paper is Australian and Chinese residential construction industry and the uptake of the OSM concepts. The paper presents a brief review of the current state of OSM in the last five to seven years with the context of the above-mentioned two countries. The paper concludes that the construction industry, both in Australia and China, needs to start walking the talk with regard to OSM adoption. The paper also highlights some of the research gaps in the OSM area, especially within the housing and residential sector.
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Koeberl, Martina, Dean Clarke, Katrina J. Allen, Fiona Fleming, Lisa Katzer, N. Alice Lee, Andreas L. Lopata, et al. "European Regulations for Labeling Requirements for Food Allergens and Substances Causing Intolerances: History and Future." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0386.
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Abstract Food allergies are increasing globally, including numbers of allergens, the sensitization rate, and the prevalence rate. To protect food-allergic individuals in the community, food allergies need to be appropriately managed. This paper describes current Australian food allergen management practices. In Australia, the prevalence of food allergies, the anaphylaxis rate, and the fatal anaphylaxis rate are among the highest in the world. Interagency and stakeholder collaboration is facilitated and enhanced as Australia moves through past, current, and ongoing food allergen challenges. As a result, Australia has been a global leader in regulating the labeling of common allergens in packaged foods and their disclosure in foods not required to bear a label. Moreover, the food industry in Australia and New Zealand has developed a unique food allergen risk management tool, the Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labelling program, which is managed by the Allergen Bureau. This paper summarizes insights and information provided by the major stakeholders involved to protect food-allergic consumers from any allergic reaction. Stakeholders include government; consumer protection, regulation, and enforcement agencies; the food industry; and food allergen testing and food allergen/allergy research bodies in Australia. The ongoing goal of all stakeholders in food allergen management in Australia is to promote best practice food allergen management procedures and provide a wide choice of foods, while enabling allergic consumers to manage their food allergies and reduce the risk of an allergic reaction.
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Forsyth, Hannah. "Negotiating the benefits of knowledge." History of Education Review 42, no. 1 (June 21, 2013): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08198691311317679.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the origins of tensions between the benefits (such as technologies and skills) and the substance of knowledge (often described as “pure inquiry”) in Australian universities. There are advantages to considering this debate in Australia, since its universities were tightly connected to scholarly networks in the British Empire. After the Second World War, those ties were loosened, enabling influences from American research and technological universities, augmented by a growing connection between universities, government economic strategy and the procedures of industry. This paper thus traces some of routes by which arguments travelled and the ways they were articulated in post‐war Australia.Design/methodology/approachIdeas do not travel on their own. In this paper, the author takes a biographical approach to the question of contrasting attitudes to university knowledge in the post‐war period, comparing the international scholarly and professional networks of two British scientists who travelled to Australia – contemporaries in age and education – both influencing Australian higher education policy in diametrically opposing ways.FindingsThis research demonstrates that the growing connection with economic goals in Australian universities after the Second World War was in part a result of the new international and cross‐sectoral networks in which some scholars now operated.Originality/valueAustralian historiography suggests that shifts in the emphases of post‐war universities were primarily the consequence of government policy. This paper demonstrates that the debates that shaped Australia's modern university system were also conducted among an international network of scholars.
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Meaton, M. "OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98002.
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The oil and gas production sector in Western Australia has grown dramatically in recent years and now represents the largest resource sector in the State economy. The industry has a very promising future but it faces a number of challenges if it is to achieve its full potential. Its production location in remote parts of the State confers both advantages and disadvantages. Chief among the disadvantages is the challenge of convincing the community and government of the benefits from the industry when many of those benefits are not apparent to the majority of the population. The emphasis in this paper is on economic impacts, social benefits and community attitudes.WA has produced about 820 million barrels of oil and 2000 million barrels of natural gas when gas is calculated in energy equivalent terms. Petroleum energy production has increased dramatically over the last 15 years and the State is now a substantial energy exporter. Petroleum sources provide the energy for over 85% of the final energy used in the State. Total industry investment over the last 18 years has been nearly $21,000 million for an average of $3.2 million each day. Direct employment by petroleum companies is around 2,500 people with flow-on employment in the services sector estimated at over 17,000 people. Petroleum companies have been major contributors to government revenue and to the development of remote regions in WA.
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Spennemann, D. H. R., and L. R. Allen. "Feral olives ( Olea europaea) as future woody weeds in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 6 (2000): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98141.
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Olives (Olea europaea ssp. europaea), dispersed from 19th century orchards in the Adelaide area, have become established in remnant bushland as a major environmental weed. Recent expansion of the Australian olive industry has resulted in the widespread planting of olive orchards in South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Western Australia, Queensland and parts of Tasmania. This paper reviews the literature on the activity of vertebrate (principally avian) olive predators and their potential as vectors for spreading this plant into Australian remnant bushland. The effects of feralisation on the olive plant, which enhances its capacity for dispersal as a weed, place wider areas of south-eastern Australia at risk. A number of approaches for the control of olives as woody weeds are addressed. Proponents of new agricultural crops have moral and environmental obligations to assess the weed potential of these crops.
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Evans, R. "GAS-BASED INDUSTRY IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA—REAL OPPORTUNITIES." APPEA Journal 41, no. 2 (2001): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj00059.
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There has been a tendency in recent years for equity markets and the general public to move their interest away from resource development. The focus on gas development has also suffered, as attention has shifted to the so-called ‘new economy’.Gas development in Western Australia is more than ever a jewel in the future economic crown of the State and nation.Gas development offers a real opportunity based on real economics and real comparative advantage. This argument is supported by analysis of the comparative strengths and weaknesses influencing the development of gas-based projects in Western Australia.The paper also identifies where and how this development might occur.
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Duarte Alonso, Abel. "Marron farming in Western Australia: scope and constraints." British Food Journal 112, no. 1 (January 26, 2010): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070701011011218.
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PurposeMarron farming in Western Australia has existed for decades. However, to what extent do marron growers see potential in this industry in ways that include expanding into hospitality and tourism? The purpose of this paper is to examine this dimension from a group of 26 marron growers.Design/methodology/approachThe limited knowledge on marron farming from an academic, industry, as well as from operators' perspective is a critical factor in choosing a qualitative approach in this paper in the form of telephone and face‐to‐face interviews.FindingsOverall, there is an agreement among respondents about the significant commercial potential of marron farming. However, the dilemma of satisfying increasing demand for marron is acknowledged, as well as resulting problems, for instance, in the form of greed and lack of unity among some growers.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the low number of respondents may not be sufficient to make generalisations of the marron farming industry, this paper proposes an overview into an unexplored industry, and provides useful insights into a niche market.Practical implicationsIncreased demand for marron in both national and international markets presents opportunities for local operators and the future of marron farming. At the same time, a balance must be maintained in order to preserve natural resources and the industry's sustainability.Originality/valueDespite its demand and potential, to date very limited research has been conducted on marron farming, particularly studying the links between marron, hospitality and tourism, as well as marron growers' points of views on this industry. This exploratory paper contributes to narrowing the existing knowledge gap on these dimensions.
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Aldeen, M., and K. E. Forward. "A New Electrical Engineering Course Structure in The University of Melbourne." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 29, no. 2 (April 1992): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099202900214.
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A new electrical engineering course structure in the University of Melbourne At the University of Melbourne, Australia, a review of the Electrical and Electronic Engineering course structure has just been finalised and a new structure adopted. This paper describes the new course structure, analyses its goals, outlines its likely impact on the Australian industry, and finally discusses its perceived benefit to the community.