Дисертації з теми "Paleobiogeographic"
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Walls, Bradley J. "Quantitative Paleobiogeography of Maysvillian (Late Ordovician) Brachiopod Species of the Cincinnati Arch: a Test of Niche Modeling Methods for Paleobiogeographic Reconstruction." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1243010764.
Повний текст джерелаBoucher, Lisa Diane. "Morphometric and Paleobiogeographic Analyses of Dicroidium from the Triassic of Gondwana /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148792974533245.
Повний текст джерелаBauer, Jennifer E. "A Phylogenetic and Paleobiogeographic Analysis of the Ordovician Brachiopod Eochonetes." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1397486053.
Повний текст джерелаIto, Tsuyoshi. "External and internal craniofacial morphology of Asian macaques and its evolutionary and paleobiogeographic implications." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157833.
Повний текст джерелаLam, Adriane R. "Paleobiogeographic Analyses of Late Ordovician Faunal Migrations: Assessing Regional and Continental Pathways and Mechanisms." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1428515661.
Повний текст джерелаBartholomew, Alexander Jess. "Middle devonian faunas of the Michigan and Appalacian basins comparing patterns of biotic stability and turnover between two paleobiogeographic subprovinces /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1156046845.
Повний текст джерелаTitle from electronic thesis title page (viewed Jan. 26, 2007). Includes abstract. Keywords: Coordinated Stasis, Faunal Stability, Faunal Turnover, Middle Devonian, Sequence Stratigraphy, Eifelian, Givetian, Michigan Basin, Appalachian Basin. Includes bibliographical references.
BARTHOLOMEW, ALEXANDER JESS. "MIDDLE DEVONIAN FAUNAS OF THE MICHIGAN AND APPALACIAN BASINS: COMPARING PATTERNS OF BIOTIC STABILITY AND TURNOVER BETWEEN TWO PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHIC SUBPROVINCES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1156046845.
Повний текст джерелаDudei, Nicole L. "The impact of the Richmondian Invasion on paleobiogeographic distribution of taxa in the Late Ordovician C₄ sequence (Richmondian Stage, Cincinnati, Ohio) including a comparison of range reconstruction methods." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1245437297.
Повний текст джерелаDudei, Nicole L. "The Impact of the Richmondian Invasion on Paleobiogeographic Distribution of Taxa in the Late Ordovician C4 Sequence (Richmondian Stage, Cincinnati, Ohio) Including a Comparison of Range Reconstruction Methods." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1245437297.
Повний текст джерелаMazin, Jean-Michel. "Paleobiogeographie des reptiles marins du trias : phylogenie, systematique, ecologie et implications paleobiogeographiques." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066683.
Повний текст джерелаFrantescu, Ovidiu D. "Systematics, paleobiogeography, and paleoecology of cretaceous decapod faunas from northeast Texas." Thesis, Kent State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3726727.
Повний текст джерелаInvestigation of decapod fossils from the Pawpaw Shale, Albian, Texas, has yielded 17 new species, and seven new genera. In total, 14 brachyuran; 3 astacidean; 4 anomuran; 8 axiidean; 5 palinuridean, and one stomatopod species were described and classified according to the latest classification scheme. Shale samples from a single locality in Fort Worth were analyzed for their grain size, mineral and trace element content. The Pawpaw Shale consists of sediments derived from the Llanos uplift to the southwest of Fort Worth, and represents a fining upward sequence deposited in a restricted lagoonal environment. The decapod fauna of the Pawpaw Shale is one of the richest decapod faunas of Albian age known to date, composed of a population of adult and juvenile crabs and lobsters. The peculiar small size of the individual lobsters of this fauna is attributed to their representing an early ontogenetic stage. No trace elements known to affect the biology an physiology of extant decapods could be found in the shale samples analyzed to indicate an environmental cause for the reduced size of the Pawpaw lobsters.
Frantescu, Ovidiu D. "SYSTEMATICS, PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY, AND PALEOECOLOGY OF CRETACEOUS DECAPOD FAUNAS FROM NORTHEAST TEXAS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1368631876.
Повний текст джерелаBreton, Gérard. "Les goniasteridae (asteroidea, echinodermata) jurassiques et cretaces de france : taphonomie, systematique, biostratigraphie, paleobiogeographie, evolution." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN2034.
Повний текст джерелаSamathi, Adun [Verfasser]. "Theropod dinosaurs from Thailand and Southeast Asia : phylogeny, evolution, and paleobiogeography / Adun Samathi." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/120002012X/34.
Повний текст джерелаWright, David F. "Macroevolution and Paleobiogeography of Middle to Late Ordovician Brachiopods: A Phylogenetic Biogeographic Approach." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1338324936.
Повний текст джерелаGorscak, Eric. "Descriptive and Comparative Morphology of African Titanosaurian Sauropods: New Information on the Evolution of Cretaceous African Continental Faunas." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1478778037108276.
Повний текст джерелаPletka, Crystal. "Neogene Changes in Caribbean Paleoproductivity and the Diversity and Paleobiogeography of Deep-sea Benthic Foraminifera." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2468.
Повний текст джерелаChitnarin, Anisong. "Taxonomy of Permian ostracods from central northeastern, and western Thailand : implication for paleoenvironment and paleobiogeography." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066123.
Повний текст джерелаBelonged to Loei Group, Saraburi Group, and Sai Yok Limestone (in Loei, Phetchabun, Nakhon Sawan-Lopburi, and Kanchanaburi areas) were investigated. Limestones were collected and processed by the hot acetolysis which yielded many ostracods. They are belonged to 196 species and 41 genera of which 29 species are known from other places, 167 species are endemic. The ostracod assemblages including Bairdioidea, Kloedenellidae, Kirkbyidae, Hollinellidae, Paraparchitidea, Cytherideidae, Cavellinidae, Pachydomellidae, Aparchitidea, Coelonellidae, and Polycopidae are typical shallow marine species from marginal marine to exterior platform environments. Oxygen concentration is approximately 5ml/l at all sections according to percentage of filter-feeding and deposit-feeding ostracods. Twenty-nine ostracod species known from other Permian sites within Paleotethys region are benthic inhabitants and their larvae have the same way of life. Provincialism Index suggests close relationships with Tunisia, South China, Greece, Oman, Italy, Hungary, Israel, in decreasing order. The relationships with North American species are low. The ostracods could be carried to the remote sites by surface paleocurrents from east to west in Paleotethys realms during the Permian. Presence of common species between Loei, Phetchabun, and Nakhon Sawan-Lopburi areas suggest that limestones of Loei and Saraburi Groups were deposited in shallow marine environments not far from each other where benthic ostracod fauna was able to travel or migrate
Randklev, Charles R. "The Ecology and Paleobiogeography of Freshwater Mussels (Family: Unionidae) from Selected River Basins in Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc68035/.
Повний текст джерелаHuber, Brian Thomas. "Upper Campanian-Maastrichtian foraminifers of the high southern latitudes : ontogenetic morphometric systematics, biostratigraphy, and paleobiogeography /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148759680782189.
Повний текст джерелаCadena, Rueda Edwin Alberto. "New Cretaceous and Cenozoic fossil turtles from Colombia and Panama systematic paleontology, phylogenetical and paleobiogeographical implications /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0025016.
Повний текст джерелаMaguire, Kaitlin Clare. "Paleobiogeography of Miocene to Pliocene Equinae of North America a phylogenetic biogeographic and niche modeling approach /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1212778747.
Повний текст джерелаSwisher, Robert E. "Paleobiogeographical and Evolutionary Analysis of Late Ordovician, C5 Sequence Brachiopod Species, with Special Reference to Rhynchonellid Taxa." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1245445583.
Повний текст джерелаSwisher, Robert E. "Paleobiogeographical and evolutionary analysis of Late Ordovician, C₅ sequence brachiopod species, with special reference to Rhynchonellid taxa." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1245445583.
Повний текст джерелаByun, S. Ashley. "Quaternary biogeography of western North America insights from mtDNA phylogeography of endemic vertebrates from Haida Gwaii /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ37334.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаQuaglio, Fernanda. "Taxonomia de invertebrados fósseis (Oligoceno-Mioceno) da ilha Rei George (Antártica ocidental) e paleobiogeografia dos Bivalvia cenozóicos da Antártica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44139/tde-25042008-153222/.
Повний текст джерелаThe research presented in this dissertation comprised part of the CNPq - PROANTAR Project 550352/02-3 \"Mudanças paleoclimáticas na Antártica durante o Cenozóico: o registro geológico terrestre\", which studies Cenozoic deposits from King George Island in order to elucidate the environmental and climatic Cenozoic histories of this Antarctic region. Cenozoic evolution of marine and atmospheric circulation in the Southern Hemisphere occurred in response to the geographic and thermal isolation of Antarctica, which resulted from the separation of Antarctica from Australia, around Eocene/Oligocene boundary, and from South America, during the late Oligocene. Thus, study of fossil organisms from Antarctic Cenozoic deposits contributes to the understanding of biological and environmental evolutions that accompanied paleogeographic, oceanographic and climatic changes during the Cenozoic. As a result of the difficult access, logistic demand and extensive ice cover, only a small part of the Cenozoic Antarctic record is available for study. King George Island records climatic and environmental changes from the Oligocene to the Miocene, including evidence of the first full-scale glaciation (Oligocene) of West Antarctica. Despite the abundance of fossils in Cenozoic deposits of the island, taxonomic studies with detailed systematic descriptions of bivalves are very rare. The first section of this work consists of taxonomic descriptions of invertebrates from Cenozoic deposits cropping out in two localities of King George Island, West Antarctica. Seven taxa of bivalves, including six new species were described from the Cape Melville Formation (Miocene), at Melville Peninsula. Seven taxa of invertebrates (bivalves, brachiopods, serpulid tubes, bryozoans, and echinoderm fragments) were described from the Polonez Cove Formation (Oligocene), at Vauréal Peak, a site previously unexplored paleontologically. The second section presents the results of a survey of the Cenozoic fossil record of Antarctic bivalves. The analysis of the fossil record confirmed that the current knowledge about the Cenozoic diversity of the group is very scarce. Moreover, comparison of Cenozoic bivalve genera from Antarctica and New Zealand showed that the greatest number of shared taxa is recorded in Eocene deposits. This finding supports the geographic isolation of Antarctic and the drop in faunal interchange between Antarctica and periphery after the Oligocene. Analysis of the fossil record suggested an intensive dispersal event during the Eocene, and restricted pulses of dispersal from the Oligocene onwards. The distribution pattern of taxa provides partial support for available reconstructions of marine currents. Eocene dispersal would have occurred from Antarctica to New Zealand in Atlantic-Pacific direction. This dispersal event is consistent with the hypothesis of shallow marine connections between West and East Antarctica (\"Shackleton Seaway\"), as well of the existence of the Weddellian Province from the Late Cretaceous to the Eocene. Dispersal events following the Oligocene would have occurred during and after the establishment of the Circum-Antarctic Current, along the West-Atlantic and East margins of Antarctica towards New Zealand, and no longer through \"Shackleton Seaway\". These analyses also support the hypothesis of full-scale glaciation in West Antarctica from the early Oligocene onwards, and in East Antarctica since the mid-Oligocene, with warmer temperatures than today.
Garvey, Samuel T. "A new high-latitude Tylosaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Canada with unique dentition." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1584001060097071.
Повний текст джерелаRahmani, Kamila. "Etude palynologique (spores, chitinozoaires, acritarches) dans le paleozoique (cambrien a dinantien) du maroc occidental et meridional. (biostratigraphie, paleobiogeographie et caracterisation de la matiere organique)." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066190.
Повний текст джерелаFerreira, Gabriel de Souza. "Evolução e filogenia de Pleurodira (Testudines) com a descrição de uma nova espécie de Bairdemys (Podocnemidae) do Mioceno médio da Venezuela." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59139/tde-21032016-165532/.
Повний текст джерелаThough neglected for a long time, one of the two lineages of Testudines (turtles and tortoises) the Pleurodira has been attracting the researchers, whose articles usually deal with descriptions of new species (extant and extinct), behavior or feeding habits, or phylogenetic analyzes of one of the subgroups of Pleurodira, Chelidae or Pelomedusoides, the latter subdivided in two lineages with extant taxa: Pelomedusidae and Podocnemidae. There some phylogenetic analyzes with terminal taxa from the main groups of Pleurodira, but only with molecular data. Therefore, a morphological data analysis containing taxa from all the clades of this group, including fossils, is necessary to better understand the evolutionary history of this lineage. In this dissertation, I describe a new species of Bairdemys (Podocnemidae) from the middle Miocene of Venezuela, and I include it in a phylogenetic analysis with extensive taxonomic sampling, including taxa from all the lineages of Pleurodira. This analysis is based on morphological characters (new and previously proposed ones) and it is the largest exclusive phylogenetic analysis ever made for Pleurodira, allowing inferences about the general patterns of diversification and morphology of the group. At the same time, the new described táxon shows morphological characters that, along with geological aspects of its type locality, allow inferences about a marine wave of diversification of Podocnemidae during the Cenozoic, which achieved great success, specially by the end of Oligocene and beginning of Miocene
Ferreira-Oliveira, Luis Gustavo [UNESP]. "Conchostráceos permianos da bacia do Paraná: taxonomia, evolução, bioestratigrafia e paleobiogeografia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102996.
Повний текст джерелаConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
O trabalho apresenta uma revisão dos conchostráceos da Formação Rio do Rasto (Bacia do Paraná, Permiano) e discussões substanciadas, em parte, pelos resultados dos experimentos realizados com representantes viventes cultivados em aquários. Concluiu-se que diversas características das carapaças normalmente usadas para a classificação dos conchostráceos fósseis não são diagnósticas para a distinção de táxons porque variam de acordo com fatores tafonômicos, ecológicos e ontogenéticos. Os conchostráceos vivem em águas continentais, são extremamente esteno-halinos e, ao contrário de alguns paradigmas da literatura, não vivem obrigatoriamente em corpos d'água efêmeros, toleram a presença de peixes predadores em seu habitat e duas espécies do mesmo gênero num único corpo d'água. Tais observações coadunam com o registro litológico e paleontológico da parte inferior da Formação Rio do Rasto, depositada em condições lacustres. A parte superior, onde há mais fácies eólicas e evidências de aumento de aridez, apresenta diversidade maior de conchostráceos, incluindo Hemicycloleaia mitchelli, uma espécie que permite realizar correlações cronoestratigráficos com a Austrália e Rússia. Sua idade provavelmente é neotatariana (=wuchiapingiana). Outros táxons, como Monoleiolophus unicostatus, também foram considerados nas correlações, estimando-se que a Formação Rio do Rasto esteja compreendida no Permiano médio-superior.
Conchostracans of the Rio do Rasto Formation (Paraná Basin, Permian) are revised and discussions based on experiments with living conchostracans are presented. One conclusion is that many carapace characteristics frequently used for classification change according to taphonomic, ecologic and ontogenetic factors. The conchostracans live in continental fresh waters and, on the contrary of some paradigms of the literature, the organisms are not restricted to ephemeral water bodies and tolerate the presence of predatory fishes and two species of one single genus. These observations combine well with the lithological and paleontological record of the lower Rio do Rasto Formation deposited under lacustrine conditions. The upper part, formed under more arid conditions, presents bigger conchostracan diversity and includes Hemicycloleaia mitchelli. This species may be used for wide correlations with Australia and Russia, and its age probably is Late Tatarian (= Wuchiapingian). Other taxa, as Monoleiolophus unicostatus, were also used for correlations and the age of the formation may be interpreted as mid to late Permian.
Censullo, Shaolin Meliora. "Did Alternating Dispersal and Vicariance Contribute to Increased Biodiversification During the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event?: A Phylogenetic Test Using Brachiopods." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586947231228706.
Повний текст джерелаShafer, David Scott. "The timing of late Quaternary monsoon precipitation maxima in the southwest United States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184766.
Повний текст джерелаMtimet, Moncef Said. "The microvertebrates (Micrommamals, Amphibians, Reptiles, Aves and Fishes) from the archeopaleontological site of Wadi Sarrat (NW Tunisia) Bio-geo-chronology, Paleobiogeography and Paleoenvironmental reconstruction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673158.
Повний текст джерелаEl estudio de los microvertebrados del yacimiento de Oued Sarrat, situado en el noroeste de Túnez, nos permitió identificar 24 especies compuestas por 9 roedores (Mus aff. spretus, M. cf. hamidae, Paraethomys rbiae, Praomys sp., Meriones sp., Dipodillus (Gerbillus) compestris, Eliomys sp., Arvicanthis sp., y Dendromus sp.), 3 especies de anuros (Discoglossus pictus, Bufo mauritanicus y Pelophylax saharicus), 1 quelonio (Emys sp./Mauremys sp.), 8 escamados [2 lagartijas (Eumeces sp., Lacertidae indet. Small size), 2 morfotipos de colúbridos Macroprotodon sp. y Hemorrhois sp.), 1 especie de Colubridae S.L. (Coronella sp./Telescopus sp.), 2 Natricidae (Natrix natrix y N. maura), un Viperidae (Macrovipera / Dabo sp.)], 1 especie de Erycinea (Boidae), 1 especie de pez de agua dulce de la familia Cyprinidae y una pequeña ave perteneciente a la familia de las Passeriformes. La biocronología de la serie Oued Sarrat se llevó a cabo a partir de la distribución vertical de especies de microvertebrados, así como de la asociación de toda la fauna recogida. La especie índice Paraethomys rbiae tiene una ocurrencia que no supera el límite del Pleistoceno inferior-Pleistoceno medio en todos los yacimientos del norte de África, e indica que el lugar está datado en la base del Pleistoceno medio, 700 ka, correspondiente a la base del Chron normal Brunhes. El estudio paleomagnético realizado en muestras del yacimiento reveló que la polaridad es normal.
The study of the microvertebrates from Oued Sarrat site, located in the north-west of Tunisia, allowed us to identify 24 species composed by 9 rodents (Mus aff. spretus, M. cf. hamidae, Paraethomys rbiae, Praomys sp., Meriones sp., Dipodillus (Gerbillus) compestris, Eliomys sp., Arvicanthis sp. and Dendromus sp.), 3 species of anurans (Discoglossus pictus, Bufo mauritanicus and Pelophylax saharicus), 1 chelonian (Emys sp./Mauremys sp.), 8 squamates [2 lezards (Eumeces sp., Lacertidae indet. Small size), 2 morphotypes of colubrids (Macroprotodon sp. and Hemorrhois sp.), 1 species of Colubridae s.l. (Coronella sp./Telescopus sp.), 2 Natricidae (Natrix natrix and N. maura), 1 viperidae (Macrovipera / Daboia sp.)], 1 species of Erycinea (Boidae), 1 species of freshwater fish of the Cyprinidae family and 1 small bird belonging to the Passeriformes family. The biochronology of the Oued Sarrat series was carried out from the vertical distribution of species of microvertebrates as well as the association of all the collected fauna. The species index Paraethomys rbiae has an occurrence not exceeding the Lower Pleistocene-Middle Pleistocene limit in all North African sites indicates that the site is dated to the beginning of the Middle Pleistocene, about 700 ky, corresponding to the base of the normal chron Brunhes. A paleomagnetic study carried out on samples from the site revealed that the polarity is normal.
Gunnin, R. Davis, Blaine W. Schubert, Joshua X. Samuels, and Keila E. Bredehoeft. "A new genus of desmognathan salamander (Plethodontidae) from the early Pliocene Gray Fossil Site of Northeast Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/65.
Повний текст джерелаMacKenzie, Richard Allen III. "Exploring Late Cretaceous Western Interior Ammonoid Geographic Range and Its Relationship to Diversity Dynamics Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1194232321.
Повний текст джерелаDevillez, Julien. "Les Erymida (Crustacea, Decapoda) : un groupe éteint ?" Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MNHN0022/document.
Повний текст джерелаErymids are marine decapod crustaceans with a morphology close to that of extant lobsters. They are grouped within an unique family, Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925, based on the presence of a characteristic intercalated plate. These crustaceans were already present in the Permian, have become diversified and widespread during the Jurassic and have lasted until the Paleocene. The erymids are abundant during the Jurassic. They fossilized in deposits from various paleoenvironments: shallow water environments – like lithographic limestones from Solnhofen (Germany) –, from deep environments – like in La Voulte (France) –, and also from different platform environments – like the Terrain à Chailles (France). Since the first descriptions of erymids in the first part of the XIXth century, numerous authors have described new species and have attempted to establish the phylogenetic affinities of these extinct crustaceans. This high number of studies resulted with the apparition and propagation of confusions. So, the systematics of the erymids has become doubtful at both generic and specific levels. These taxonomic problems strongly affecting the erymids — the so called « erymidian problem » — are increased by their uncertain phylogenetic relationships among the Pleocyemata. Until the XXIst century, most of the authors classified the erymids within the infraorder Astacidea but recent phylogenetic analyses suggest an integration within Glypheidea. Moreover, a study has led to question the extinct status of the erymids. Indeed, Schram & Dixon (2004) have observed an intercalated plate in the extant Enoplometopus A. Milne Edwards, 1862. Their analysis has resulted with the clustering of this extant lobster together with the erymids within a same clade named Erymida. So, the purposes of this thesis are to rectify the taxonomic problems of the erymids, to elucidate their phylogenetic affinities and to provide observations which enable a better comprehension of their lifestyles and their evolutionary success. To reach these goals, a systematic review, supported by the examination of more than a thousand specimens, has been done. It has resulted in a homogenisation of the descriptions of the 6 genera and 75 species herein recognized and in the identification of useful characters for the phylogenetic study. The phylogenetic tree obtained clearly shows that erymids form a particular group of Astacidea and that Enoplometopus does not belong to this group. Moreover, the topology of the strict consensus tree supports a new systematic building of the group. From a unique family, the erymids are now spread into two families supported by the absence/presence of a post-orbital area: Enoploclytidae n. fam. and Erymidae. The last is also divided in subfamilies, Eryminae Van Straelen, 1925 and Tethysastacinae n. s.-fam., based on the very simple carapace groove pattern of Tethysastacus Devillez et al., 2016. This new study on the erymids was also an occasion to provide some paleobiogeographic hypotheses. But, unfortunately, they remain speculative and incomplete due to geographic and stratigraphic discontinuities of the fossil record. Observations of larval stages, of eyes, of P1 chela morphologies, of cuticular pores, and of intraspecific variability on some specimens have also enabled comparisons with extant forms. These observations led to provide hypotheses on the lifestyle of these extinct lobsters. Finally, the strong environmental tolerance was probably one of the keys of the success of the erymids during the Mesozoic but raised interrogations about the reasons of their extinction
Ferreira-Oliveira, Luis Gustavo. "Conchostráceos permianos da bacia do Paraná : taxonomia, evolução, bioestratigrafia e paleobiogeografia /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102996.
Повний текст джерелаBanca: Ana Luisa Brossi Garcia
Banca: Fresia Soledad Ricardi Torres Branco
Banca: Oscar Rösler
Banca: Thomas Rich Fairchild
Resumo: O trabalho apresenta uma revisão dos conchostráceos da Formação Rio do Rasto (Bacia do Paraná, Permiano) e discussões substanciadas, em parte, pelos resultados dos experimentos realizados com representantes viventes cultivados em aquários. Concluiu-se que diversas características das carapaças normalmente usadas para a classificação dos conchostráceos fósseis não são diagnósticas para a distinção de táxons porque variam de acordo com fatores tafonômicos, ecológicos e ontogenéticos. Os conchostráceos vivem em águas continentais, são extremamente esteno-halinos e, ao contrário de alguns paradigmas da literatura, não vivem obrigatoriamente em corpos d'água efêmeros, toleram a presença de peixes predadores em seu habitat e duas espécies do mesmo gênero num único corpo d'água. Tais observações coadunam com o registro litológico e paleontológico da parte inferior da Formação Rio do Rasto, depositada em condições lacustres. A parte superior, onde há mais fácies eólicas e evidências de aumento de aridez, apresenta diversidade maior de conchostráceos, incluindo Hemicycloleaia mitchelli, uma espécie que permite realizar correlações cronoestratigráficos com a Austrália e Rússia. Sua idade provavelmente é neotatariana (=wuchiapingiana). Outros táxons, como Monoleiolophus unicostatus, também foram considerados nas correlações, estimando-se que a Formação Rio do Rasto esteja compreendida no Permiano médio-superior.
Abstract: Conchostracans of the Rio do Rasto Formation (Paraná Basin, Permian) are revised and discussions based on experiments with living conchostracans are presented. One conclusion is that many carapace characteristics frequently used for classification change according to taphonomic, ecologic and ontogenetic factors. The conchostracans live in continental fresh waters and, on the contrary of some paradigms of the literature, the organisms are not restricted to ephemeral water bodies and tolerate the presence of predatory fishes and two species of one single genus. These observations combine well with the lithological and paleontological record of the lower Rio do Rasto Formation deposited under lacustrine conditions. The upper part, formed under more arid conditions, presents bigger conchostracan diversity and includes Hemicycloleaia mitchelli. This species may be used for wide correlations with Australia and Russia, and its age probably is Late Tatarian (= Wuchiapingian). Other taxa, as Monoleiolophus unicostatus, were also used for correlations and the age of the formation may be interpreted as mid to late Permian.
Doutor
Black, Manu School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. "A late quaternary palaeoenvironmental investigation of the fire, climate, human and vegetation nexus from the Sydney basin, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25745.
Повний текст джерелаMeira, Felipe van Enck. "Revisão sistemática e paleobiogeográfica de Trilobitas Phacopida (Homalonotidae e Calmoniidae) do Devoniano das Bacias do Parnaíba e Amazonas, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44141/tde-28092016-135646/.
Повний текст джерелаThe knowledge on Brazilian Devonian invertebrates started by the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, period which pioneering expeditions were made to the main Paleozoic basins of the country - Paraná, Parnaíba and Amazon basins. Important scientific contributions also resulted from this fase (e.g. Clarke, 1913), still used today as reference in studies. Among trilobites, the most representative groups are the Homalonotidae and Calmoniidae, whose importance in paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographical questions have been noted from recent systematic revisions in Paraná Basin fossils. These studies also have demonstrated that many variations in fossils, interpreted by previous researchers as taxonomic, are due to taphonomic alterations, which can lead to erroneous classifications. In this context, the current study aimed to review the systematics of Phacopida trilobites (Homalonotidae and Calmoniidae) from the Parnaíba and Amazon basins, including, in the former locality, the new occurrence of São João Vermelho, in the João Costa municipality (PI); to investigate, whenever relevant, .the implication of the taphonomic alterations in the systematics of these fossils, identifying diagenetic/weathering factors which can interfere in the morphological features; and to discuss the paleobiogeographic implications of the Homalonotidae and Calmoniidae from the Devonian of the Parnaíba and Amazon basins, in relation to other localities adjacent to these basins. Study results show that the locality of São João Vermelho is paleontologically promising, as it consists of a new place for the M. tuberculatus taxon, which is also documented in the both Paraná Basin subbasins - Alto Garças and Apucarana, indicating that this species is highly cosmopolitan. The analysis of Burmeisteria (Homalonotidae) exemplars from this locality suggests that differences between the species of this genus in Brazil are slighter than thought. In the Amazon Basin, Phacopida trilobites are especially represented by the Calmoniidae genus Malvinella, also present in Bolivia. The paleobiogeographic relations between the Paleozoic Brazilian basins and Bolivia, during Early and Middle Devonian, would have been closer than thought. The main migration route to the Parnaíba Basin would have been through the Paraná Basin, as found by the presence of M. tuberculatus. The migration to the Amazon Basin, in turn, would have occurred southwestward this basin, as Malvinella occurs only in this locality and in Bolivia.
Souron, Antoine. "Histoire évolutive du genre Kolpochoerus (Cetartiodactyla : Suidae) au Plio-Pléistocèneen Afrique orientale." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2306/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe subfamily Suinae is widespread in Plio-Pleistocene deposits in Africa, and was heavily used as a biochronological tool to correlate hominid-bearing sites based on the rapid morphological evolution of third molars in different lineages. A large sample of extant African suines enables to quantify patterns of variation in cranio-mandibular and dental morphology using geometric morphometrics. This modern referential is used to estimate the morphological variability in the fossil record. Revision of the paleobiodiversity of the genus Kolpochoerus (the most abundant Plio-Pleistocene suine) in Turkana and Awash basins is based on anatomical and morphometric studies of published and unpublished material discovered in the Lower Omo Valley (Shungura Formation) and in the Middle Awash Valley in Ethiopia. A new fossil species is described, evolutionary trajectories within each species are quantified, and biostratigraphic interpretations are revised. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Kolpochoerus are described by the cladistic analysis. Paleoecological study of African suines is based on comparative anatomy and stable isotopic biogeochemistry (carbon and oxygen). Fossil suines display a wide range of body size, as well as various diets and habitats. The new results produced regarding their biodiversity, phylogeny, and ecology, enable to reconstruct a paleobiogeographic history of Suinae in Africa
Ribeiro, Victor Rodrigues. "Rotas migratórias de braquiópodes (família Leptocoeliidae & família Tropidoleptidae) das bordas devonianas das bacias do Paraná e Parnaíba /." Assis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191405.
Повний текст джерелаResumo: A distribuição dos continentes no Devoniano era diferente do que temos atualmente. As bacias sedimentares que ocupavam as áreas próximas do Equador (e.g. Parnaíba, Amazonas, Solimões) hospedavam ecossistemas com uma grande diversidade de espécies. Por outro lado, as bacias que ocupavam regiões de alta latitude, como Paraná, hospedavam uma fauna de águas mais frias. Esta fauna, formalmente nomeada como Fauna Malvinocáfrica, é composta por uma diversidade baixa de Gastrópodes, Moluscos, Trilobitas e Braquiópodes (Australocoelia, Australospirifer, Australostrophia, Iridistrophia, Meristelloides, Derbyina, Lingula e Orbiculoidea).NaBaciadoParaná(Centro-Sulbrasileiro)afaunadevonianaestá retratada na Formação Ponta Grossa, já na Bacia do Parnaíba (Norte-Nordeste brasileiro) a fauna ocorre pontualmente, justamente devido às condições paleoambientais e climáticas. No Devoniano Médio, as bacias do Paraná e Parnaíba, em resposta a subida do nível do mar, passaram por um período de mistura faunística, justificada pela ocorrência de Tropidoleptus carinatus (espécie de mares equatoriais) no meio das faunas Malvinocáfricas da Bacia do Paraná. Com a finalidade de averiguar tais eventos de dispersão, foram levados em consideração os gêneros Tropidoleptus e Australocoelia, sendo um oriundo de mares quentes e outro de mares frios, respectivamente. Análises morfofuncionais dos exemplares, levantamentos bibliográficos e trabalhos de campo indicaram que espécies de braquiópodes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The distribution of continents in the Devonian was different from what we have today. The sedimentary basins that occupied the areas near Ecuador (e.g. Parnaíba, Amazonas, Solimões) hosted ecosystems with a big diversity of species. On the other hand, basins that occupied high latitude regions, such as Paraná Basin, hosted a colder water fauna. This fauna, formally named as Malvinokaffric Realm, is composed of a low diversity of Gastropods, Molluscs, Trilobites and Brachiopods (Australocoelia, Australospirifer, Australostrophia, Iridistrophia, Meristelloides, Derbyina, Lingula and Orbiculoidea). In the Paraná Basin (Center-South Brazil) the Devonian fauna is portrayed in the Ponta Grossa Formation, while in the Parnaíba Basin (North-Northeast Brazil) the fauna occurs punctually, precisely due to paleoenvironmental and climatic conditions. In the Middle Devonian, the Paraná and Parnaíba basins, in response to sea level rise, underwent a period of faunal mixing, justified by the occurrence of Tropidoleptus carinatus (species from equatorial seas) in the middle of the Malvinokaffric faunas of the Paraná Basin. In order to investigate such dispersal events, the genera Tropidoleptus and Australocoelia were taken into consideration, one from warm seas and one from cold seas, respectively. Morphofunctional analyzes of the specimens, bibliographic surveys and fieldwork indicated that species of equatorial brachiopods did not enter the Paraná Basin, but were restricted to the temperat... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Kornecki, Krystyna Maria. "CRETACEOUS CONFLUENCE IN THE COON CREEK FORMATION (MAASTRICHTIAN) OF MISSISSIPPI AND TENNESSEE, USA: TAPHONOMY AND SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY OF A DECAPOD KONSENTRAT-LAGERSTATTE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1409229777.
Повний текст джерелаOliveira, Alessandro Marques de. "Megafauna cenozóica do Continente Americano : considerações sobre ecomorfologia, paleoecologia, evolução e paleobiogeografia." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2018.
Знайти повний текст джерелаCoorientadora: Profa. Dra. Mirian Liza Alves Foranceli Pacheco
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Evolução e Diversidade, Santo André, 2018.
A presente tese teve por objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento a respeito da megafauna do Cenozóico do continente Americano. O foco do trabalho foi o estudo da megafauna pleistocênica da América do Sul, para correlações paleobiogeográficas e paleoecológicas, e da superordem Xenarthra, para considerações sobre ecomorfologia. Para as análises ecomorfológicas, foi considerado um contexto geocronológico e geográfico mais amplo, incluindo nas análises espécimes tanto do Neógeno quanto do Quaternário da América do Sul e do Norte. Foram descritas novas ocorrências de fósseis de mamíferos de grande porte ¿ tais como preguiças gigantes, gliptodontes, gonfotérios, tigres-dente-de-sabre e ursídeos ¿ para o estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. As considerações paleobiogeográficas consitiram em uma tentativa de correlação da paleofauna do Pleistoceno da Serra da Bodoquena com outras regiões da América do Sul. Além disso, uma nova ocorrência de filhote fossilizado de Nothrotherium maquinense é reportada para o estado de São Paulo com posterior datação radiométrica e análise de isótopos de carbono. O segundo ponto abordado nesta tese incluiu estudos ecomorfológicos em Xenarthra fósseis e atuais com base no formato do úmero. Para este fim, foi aplicado o método de morfometria geométrica bidimensional e tridimensional. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a Serra da Bodoquena apresenta maior similaridade taxonômica com a Região Intertropical Brasileira, devendo, portanto, ser incluída neste contexto paleobiogeográfico. Também verificou-se a ocorrência de um segundo táxon de Nothrotheriinae e de Ursidae em território brasileiro, além de um terceiro táxon de Scelidotheriinae. Os resultados sobre N. maquinense no estado de São Paulo indicam que a espécie estava presente na região por volta dos 13 mil anos antes do presente, e que se alimentava de plantas C3, indicando a possibilidade da presença de ambientes mais úmidos na região. Do ponto de visto ecomorfológico, foi verificado que o úmero de Xenarthra é funcionalmente informativo, sendo possível distinguir indivíduos adaptados para modos de vida arborícolas, semiarborícolas, ambulatoriais e escavadores. Adicionalmente, foi contastado a influência do tamanho sobre o formato do úmero.
The present thesis aimed to contribute to the knowledge about the Cenozoic Megafauna from the American continent. The focus was on both the Pleistocene Megafauna from South America, regarding paleobiogeographical correlations, and on the superorder Xenarthra, regarding considerations on ecomorphology. A broader geochronological and geographic context was considered to the ecomorphological analyses, including both Neogene and Quaternary specimens from South America and North America. The paleobiogeographical considerations were an attempt to correlate the Pleistocene paleofauna from Serra da Bodoquena to other South American regions. In addition, new occurrences of large mammal fossils ¿ such as giant sloths, glyptodonts, gomphotheres, felines and ursines ¿ were described for the state of the Mato Grosso do Sul. Additionally, a new occurrence of fossil cub identified as Nothrotherium maquinense was reported to the state of São Paulo. Dating and stable isotopes analyses were conduced. The second point addressed in this thesis includes ecomorphological studies on extant and extinct Xenarthrans based on the humerus shape. For this purpose, the bidimensional and tridimensional geometric morphometrics method were applied. The results showed that the Serra da Bodoquena presents greater taxonomic similarity to Brazilian Intertropical Region. Therefore, Mato Grosso do Sul should be included in this paleobiogeographical context. Additionally, the occurrence of a second Nothrotheriinae and Ursidae taxa, and a third Scelidotheriinae taxa was reported to Brazilian territory. The results on N. maquinense point out that such species was present in the region around 13 kya and it fed on C3 plants. This fact indicates the possibility of the presence of wetter environments in that region during late Pleistocene. From the ecomorphological point of view, it was verified that the Xenarthra humerus is functionally informative, being possible to distinguish individuals adapted to arboreal, semiarboreal, ambulatory and digger habitus. The influence of size on the humerus shape has been verified as well.
Bronnert, Constance. "Origine et premières dichotomies des Périssodactyles (Mammalia, Laurasiatheria) : apport des faunes de l'Éocène inférieur du bassin de Paris A primitive perissodactyl (Mammalia) from the early Eocene of Le Quesnoy (MP7, France) First European ‘Isectolophidae’ (Mammalia, Perissodactyla): Chowliia europea, sp. nov., from the lower Eocene of Le Quesnoy, France." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS563.
Повний текст джерелаPerissodactyls (nowadays including horses, rhinos and tapirs) appear at the beginning of the Eocene, and quickly spread into the whole Northern Hemisphere. The center of origin is still debated but the Asian hypothesis is favored, and their phylogenetic affinities are also matter of debate, mostly since the discovery of cambaytheres in India and the genetic affinities with the South American Native Ungulates. This work provides a review of hippomorph perissodactyles of the early Eocene (MP7- MP10) of Europe, and presents a new phylogeny to answer the question of their origin. Most of the material is unpublished and comes from the Paris Basin, as well as Southern France. Twelve hippomorph species, including two new species, and a new species of isectolophid have been identified for the early Eocene of Europe. Faunas close to the MP7 reference-level show differences between Northern and Southern Europe, confirming the hypothesis of a climatic barrier. A turnover of perissodactyls at the generic level takes place between the sites close to MP7 and those close to MP8- 9, and a homogenization of species between Northern and Southern Europe occurs. The sites close to MP8-9 and MP10 have similar perissodactyl faunas. The phylogenetic study indicates that European hippomorphs are paraphyletic, and that North American equids are rooted in this group, as well as European paleotheres. Several dispersal events occurred from Asia very early in the Eocene. Two episodes of dispersions towards Europe took place for the tapiromorphs, a first (MP7) bringing the isectolophids which will go extinct quickly in Europe, and a second one (MP8-9) bringing more derived tapiromorphs
Klingensmith, Brandon C. "GIS Based Biogeography of Cincinnatian (Upper Ordovician) Brachiopods with Special Reference to Hebertella." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1312925741.
Повний текст джерелаGuerra, Rodrigo do Monte. "Nanofósseis calcários do Campaniano e Maastrichtiano no Atlântico Sul: bioestratigrafia, paleoceanografia e paleobiogeografia." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5721.
Повний текст джерелаMade available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T15:45:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo do Monte Guerra_.pdf: 12842392 bytes, checksum: b6db9de51a65dd59c144edac22f16cab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-19
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Milton Valente
O final do período Cretáceo é caracterizado por uma gradual transição climática de escala global, fator que modificou a composição das assembleias de nanofósseis calcários e por conta disso vem causando problemas nas interpretações bioestratigráficas entre diferentes faixas latitudinais. Apesar de possuir alguns estudos realizados principalmente entre as décadas de 1980 e 1990, existe uma carência na avaliação do Atlântico Sul como um todo. Desta forma, este estudo objetiva descrever as assembleias de nanofósseis calcários comuns em cada faixa latitudinal e testar o sincronismo dos principais bioeventos. Foram analisadas 649 amostras provenientes de doze seções testemunhadas pelos projetos Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) e Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) nas proximidades da margem brasileira e africana, além de um afloramento na Península Antártica. O estudo taxonômico possibilitou a identificação de 197 espécies de nanofósseis calcários do Campaniano e Maastrichtiano. Através do uso conjunto da bioestratigrafia e magnetoestratigrafia, foram reconhecidos diacronismos em eventos de primeira e última ocorrência de espécies do Campaniano superior e Maastrichtiano superior. Este diacronismo está relacionado a migrações de espécies entre baixas e médias latitudes, decorrentes de mudanças na circulação oceânica e temperatura das águas superficiais. Com base na variação latitudinal das assembleias de nanofósseis calcários, um detalhado estudo bioestratigráfico possibilitou a divisão de três zoneamentos para o Atlântico Sul (baixas, médias e altas latitudes). Além disso, foram definidos os padrões de distribuição de diversas espécies, mostrando uma clara divisão paleobiogeográfica entre espécies que ocorrem somente em latitudes altas e outras limitadas a latitudes médias a baixas. Este padrão possivelmente foi controlado por variações na temperatura das massas de água superficiais. Outras espécies possuem sua distribuição variada em todas as faixas latitudinais, tendo sua distribuição relacionada provavelmente à disponibilidade de nutrientes.
The Late Cretaceous period is characterized by global climatic transition that influenced calcareous nannofossil assemblages posing a challenge for biostratigraphic interpretation between different latitudinal degrees. There are a few studies on South Atlantic calcareous nannofossils from 1980 and 1990 decades, but none of them evaluate the South Atlantic as a whole. Therefore, this study aims to describe the calcareous nannofossils assemblages in each latitudinal zone and test the bioevents synchroneity. It were selected 649 samples from twelve cored sections coming from DSDP (Deep Sea Drilling Project) e ODP (Ocean Drilling Program) close to the Brazilian and African margins, in addition to an outcrop in the Antarctic Peninsula. The taxonomic study allowed the identification of 197 calcareous nannofossils species from the Campanian and Maastrichtian. Using the correlation between the biostratigraphical data and magnetostratigraphy, it was possible to identify diachronism in some bioevents of first and last occurrences during the late Campanian and late Maastrichtian. This diachronism is related to species migration between low and mid-latitudes, due to changes in the ocean circulation and surface water temperature. Based on the latitudinal variation in the calcareous nannofossils assemblages, a detailed biostratigraphic study enabled the South Atlantic division in three zonations (low, medium and high-latitudes). We also defined the distribution pattern of some species, indicating a clear paleobiogeographical division between high latitude species and some species limited to low and mid-latitudes. This pattern was possibly controlled by surface water temperature variation. Other species have a wide distribution across the latitudes probably related to nutrient availability.
Suraprasit, Kantapon. "Paléoenvironnements et reconstitutions paléoclimatiques du Pléistocène moyen de Thaïlande et leur impact sur la biodiversité et la distribution des espèces : la contribution de la faune de vertébrés du gisement de Khok Sung (Province du Khorat)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT2285/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Khok Sung sand pit, Nakhon Ratchasima province, has yielded the richest Pleistocene vertebrate fauna of Thailand, where more than a thousand fossil mammals and reptiles (skulls, isolated teeth, and postcranial remains) were recovered. The mammalian fauna, which is described in details hereby, consists of at least 18 identified species (12 genera), including a primate, proboscideans, rhinoceroses, suids, bovids, cervids, and carnivores, which are characterized by mostly extant elements associated to some completely and locally extinct taxa. The age of the Khok Sung fauna is tentatively attributed to the late Middle Pleistocene as either 188 or 213 ka, based on the paleomagnetic data and on the faunal comparisons. The Khok Sung mammal assemblage yields the Stegodon-Ailuropoda faunal association, most similar in composition to that of Thum Wiman Nakin, supporting the hypothesis that northeastern Thailand was a biogeographic gateway of the Sino-Malayan migration route from South China to Java. An analysis of stable carbon isotopes extracted from the tooth enamel of fossil ungulates reveals evidence of niche partitioning among megaherbivores and within cervids. The enamel carbonate d13C values also suggest a considerable amount of C4 plants in the dietary use of ruminants, indicating that grasslands had significantly expanded in Thailand at that time during which anthropic impacts on the ecosystems were absent. The stable oxygen isotope results, obtained from the serial sampling of large mammal enamel, combined with the cenogram analysis reflect significant seasonal variation in precipitations and temperature for Khok Sung, associated to a relatively humid climate
Pelletier, Maxime. "Evolution morphométrique et biogéographie des léporidés dans les environnements méditerranéens au Pléistocène : implications socio-économiques pour les sociétés humaines." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0226.
Повний текст джерелаFossil remains of small mammals of the Leporidae family are abundant in numerous paleontological and archaeological deposits from the Quaternary. Many species are endemic to Western Europe, which makes them reliable markers of change in the ecosystems in which prehistoric human societies evolved. Paradoxically, morphological variability of leporids is still poorly understood and current phylogeny remains a subject of debate. This work focuses on the morphometric diversity of rabbits (Oryctolagus) and hares (Lepus) over nearly two million years of evolution. We applied osteometry and geometric morphometric analyzes to bone and dental remains of current populations and 73 fossil samples from perimediterranean regions (Spain, France, Italy, Portugal) during different moments of the Pleistocene. These data provide insights concerning Leporidae adaptations to environmental change as well as more general evolutionary trends. Here we propose a new phylogeny for the genus Oryctolagus and present different dispersion phases for Western Europe. Several population expansion events coupled with the recolonization of refuge areas and local extinctions are highlighted in response to global climate change. These results allow us to discuss the presence of these small game species in the environment and contribute to the debate concerning relations between leporids and human communities. Humans have regularly consumed leporids since at least the Middle Paleolithic. Their significant increase in the diet at the end of the Upper Paleolithic, however, cannot be explained solely by cognitive, cultural or economic changes but rather coincides with biogeographic variations of these species
Coillot, Tiphaine. "Paléoclimats et biodiversité : apport des Equidae à la connaissance des modifications paléoenvironnementales et paléoclimatiques en Afrique au cours des premières phases de l'histoire de l'homme (entre 7 Ma et 1 Ma)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2326.
Повний текст джерелаEquids, that have a wide geographic distribution and that are an emblematic model of macroevolution, are well documented. Their taxonomy is however unclear, leading to a rampant synonymy often due to a lack of information on the diagnostic validity of characters. African hipparions and Equus, represented mainly by isolated dental material, remain little known compared to North American and Eurasian taxa displaying often more complete specimens. In order to assess the range of variation of dental characters (ontogenetic variation, intra- and interspecific variation, and variation between premolars and molars), a geometric morphometrics analysis combined with 3D imaging and/or biometric measurements is tested for the first time on extant species of Equus. Results are then used to determine or revise the fossil material from hominid-bearing sites of Chad (7 Ma, 5.4 Ma, 4 Ma, 3.6 Ma) and Ethiopia (Shungura Formation, continuous and dated from 3.6 Ma to 1.05 Ma, and that documents the first occurrence of Equus in Africa at 2.27 Ma). A phylogenetic analysis based on a majority of dental characters is then tested and allows discussing the phylogenetic relationships and paleobiogeography of these taxa. A morpho-functional study, which will later be coupled with other paleoecological analyzes, uses equids (generally considered as markers of open areas but that may display diversified diets) as a proxy for paleoenvironments. The study of equids appears therefore important in a chronological framework including significant faunal and environmental changes associated with the emergence of hominids
Malafaia, Elisabete. "Phylogenetic analysis, paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographic interpretation of theropod dinosaurs from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/35031.
Повний текст джерелаThe currently known record of Upper Jurassic theropod dinosaurs from the Lusitanian Basin is relatively abundant and diverse. It includes mainly medium to large-sized forms belonging to primitive theropod clades, such as Ceratosauria, or Tetanurae, including Megalosauridae and Allosauroidea. Small-sized and more derived theropods have also been identified based mainly on isolated elements. This study provides new information about the Portuguese Upper Jurassic record of theropod dinosaurs. The main objective of this research is to improve the knowledge about the evolutionary history of these dinosaur faunas. Several unpublished specimens collected in different sites of the Consolação, Turcifal and Bombarral-Alcobaça sub-basins indicate the presence of previously unidentified clades, including non-megalosaurid megalosauroids and a form of derived allosauroid closely related with Carcharodontosauria. These new specimens suggest a greater diversity among the Late Jurassic theropod faunas from the Lusitanian Basin than previously known. The Late Jurassic theropod fauna of the Lusitanian Basin have been traditionally interpreted as being closely related to those of correlative sedimentary sequences from the North American Morrison Formation and from the African Tendaguru Formation. Most of the genera currently known in the Portuguese record have a closely related taxon at the North American record and most of them were previously interpreted as belonging to species shared by both landmasses. However, more recently the Portuguese forms have been reinterpreted as separate species exclusive for the Lusitanian Basin. This faunal composition seems to indicate an incipient vicariant evolution of the dinosaur faunas from the Late Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin suggesting that the seaway(s) between North America and Iberia represented barriers to the dispersion of these faunas. However, these barriers may have had different effects on different species, which would explain the stronger affinities of the fauna of theropods between the Lusitanian Basin and Morrison Formation than those of other dinosaur faunas such as the sauropods. Despite this similarity, it has been identified in the Portuguese record some dinosaur groups that apparently are absent in correlative North American strata and that are more closely related with Gondwanan faunas. These differences may indicate differential patterns of regional extinction and ecological constraints such as environmental preferences.