Статті в журналах з теми "P. ridibundus"
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1
Socha, Małgorzata, and Maria Ogielska. "Age structure, size and growth rate of water frogs from central European natural Pelophylax ridibundus-Pelophylax esculentus mixed populations estimated by skeletochronology." Amphibia-Reptilia 31, no. 2 (2010): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853810791069119.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractCentral European water frog Pelophylax esculentus (formerly known as Rana esculenta) is a natural hybrid between P. lessonae and P. ridibundus. The hybrids reproduce by hybridogenesis and usually share populations with one of the parental species. Natural ridibundus-esculentus (R-E) mixed populations are rare. The population described herein is composed of 80% P. ridibundus and 20% P. esculentus represented by both sexes. We analyzed 159 adults and 228 juveniles. Age of adults collected from breeding sites ranged from 2 to 6 years in males and from 3 to 7 years in females of both taxa. The percentage of individuals older than 5 years was low. Average age of P. ridibundus was higher than that of P. esculentus. In P. ridibundus the average age of females was higher than that of males. In P. esculentus the difference between ages of females and males was not significant. Measurements of yearly radial growth of long bones revealed that the frogs grew intensively before reaching sexual maturity (3 years for females and 2 years for males). In the group of juveniles before I hibernation, P. esculentus were significantly bigger than P. ridibundus, however, there was no difference in body size between both taxa after I hibernation i.e., before the start of a new growth season. Mean LAG-1 diameters were significantly greater in adults P. ridibundus than in juveniles after I hibernation, but not in P. esculentus.
2
Jośko, Paulina, and Maciej Pabijan. "Recent shifts in taxonomic compositions of water frog populations (Anura: Pelophylax) inhabiting fish ponds in southern Poland." Amphibia-Reptilia 42, no. 1 (September 29, 2020): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In Central Europe, water frog species coexist in assemblages consisting of Pelophylax lessonae, P. ridibundus and their hybridogenetic hybrid, P. esculentus. Population compositions are poorly understood, partly because of difficulties in distinguishing hybrids from parentals by means of morphology alone. Environmental change and human-mediated, cryptic introductions of non-native water frog species have modified local assemblages. In this contribution we examined the structure of nine water frog populations inhabiting mostly large fish ponds in the Upper Vistula river valley of southern Poland using morphology and PCR-based genotyping of single loci in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. We found four different water frog population compositions: two with only P. ridibundus, one composed of P. lessonae and P. esculentus, three with P. ridibundus and P. esculentus, and three containing all three water frog taxa. Historical data show that the area was previously inhabited by lessonae-esculentus populations. We propose that both ecological and genetic replacement by expanding P. ridibundus may have contributed to the decline of the former. Overall, 18% of P. ridibundus frogs contained introgressed P. lessonae mtDNA, however, the frequency of introgressants was most pronounced in populations with a high proportion of P. esculentus. Exotic water frogs were not detected in the study area. Our results bear significance for water frog population dynamics and conservation in Central Europe and highlight the importance of long-term monitoring for the detection of changes in population composition in these amphibians.
3
Berger, Leszek, Maciej Pabijan, Mariusz Rybacki, and Elzbieta Czarniewska. "Large eggs and ploidy of green frog populations in Central Europe." Amphibia-Reptilia 32, no. 2 (2011): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/017353710x546495.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractGreen frogs of Central Europe consist of three taxa: Pelophylax ridibundus, P. lessonae and their natural hybridogenetic hybrid, P. esculentus, which forms as a rule mixed populations with its parental species. We examined 659 095 eggs from P. ridibundus (48 females), P. lessonae (133 females) and P. esculentus (170 females) originating from 39 populations in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Poland. Some females of each taxon laid eggs that fell into discrete size classes (small, medium and large). Large eggs were mostly diploid gametes from which triploids developed. They were found in P. esculentus (25 233 large eggs in 152 spawns), P. lessonae (81 in 10 spawns) and P. ridibundus (7 in 3 spawns). The main purpose of the paper was to demonstrate that the numbers of large eggs were clearly associated with triploid P. esculentus frogs. In pure hybrid (esculentus) populations large eggs comprised between 2.44-40.96% of all ova, while triploid adult frogs constituted between 13.9-73.2% of all individuals, in mixed ridibundus-esculentus populations the large eggs and triploid frogs ranged between 0.85-36.6% and 9.2-56.2%, respectively. However, in mixed lessonae-esculentus populations large eggs comprised only 1.74% of the spawns, whereas triploid frogs represented 2.1% of the adults in the population.
4
Zhelev, Zhivko, Georgi Popgeorgiev, Atanas Arnaudov, Katerina Georgieva, and Nikolay Mehterov. "Fluctuating asymmetry in Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia: Ranidae) as a response to anthropogenic pollution in south Bulgaria." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 3 (2015): 1009–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs141210064z.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to investigate the integral indicator for developmental stability, the fluctuating asymmetry (FA), in the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus populations that inhabit biotopes of different types (running rivers and still, dam lakes), when exposed to different types of anthropogenic pollution (domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution) in south Bulgaria. A total of 920 P. ridibundus individuals were used for FA analyses over three years (2009-2011). Fluctuating asymmetry was defined by 10 morphological traits, using the index frequency of asymmetric manifestation of an individual (FAMI). In closed water basins, regardless of the nature of toxicants, the FA values in P. ridibundus populations were statistically lower than those in river populations. The FA values were constantly the highest under conditions of sustained anthropogenic pollution, with high concentrations of toxicants in rivers with domestic sewage pollution and heavy-metal pollution. The results provide better opportunities to use FA in P. ridibundus populations for bioindication and biomonitoring, and for parallel and independent analyses of the physicochemical assessment of the environmental condition.
5
Düşen, S., and M. Öz. "Helminth fauna of the Eurasian marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) (Anura: Ranidae), collected from Denizli Province, Inner-West Anatolia Region, Turkey." Helminthologia 50, no. 1 (May 1, 2013): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-013-0108-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn this research, a total of 298 Eurasian marsh frogs, Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) were collected from different localities in Denizli province (Inner-west Anatolia Region, the eastern part of Aegean Region) Turkey between 2006 and 2009 and examined for helminths. Of 262 (87.91 %) Pelophylax ridibundus samples were infected with one or more helminths. Pelophylax ridibundus harbored eight species of digeneans (Diplodiscus subclavatus, Gorgoderina vitelliloba, Gorgodera cygnoides, Pleurogenoides medians, Prosotocus confusus, Skrjabinoeces breviansa, Encyclometra colubrimurorum and Ophistoglyhe ranae), one species of cestode (Nematotaenia dispar), two species of acanthocephalans (Acanthocephalus ranae and Pomphorhynchus laevis), and six species of nematodes (Rhabdias bufonis, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata, Oxysomatium brevicaudatum, Eustrongylides sp. and Abbreviata sp.). P. ridibundus represents a host record for Nematotaenia dispar in Turkey.
6
Van Muyen, Ben. "First record of Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus for Benin." Bulletin of the African Bird Club 12, no. 2 (August 2005): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.309758.
Повний текст джерела
7
Suriadna, N. M., G. I. Mykytynets, M. Pupiņš, and V. Y. Gasso. "Population systems of Eurasian water frogs (Pelophylax) in the south of Ukraine." Biosystems Diversity 28, no. 2 (May 30, 2020): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ecological and evolutionary consequences of population-genetic processes that occur because of natural cross-species hybridization can show mechanisms of overcoming the reproductive barrier and obtaining the species status by a hybrid taxon. This is clearly seen in the population systems of Eurasian water frogs – Pelophylax esculentus complex. The P. esculentus (E) hybrid usually discards one of the parental genomes of P. lessonae (L) or P. ridibundus (R) and reproduces semi-clonally. The genetic structure and direction of gene flows precisely depend on the type and distribution of mixed or pure population systems of water frogs. Three population systems in the south of Ukraine were identified and confirmed as RR, RE and REL. The populations of P. ridibundus are most common (76.2%). A mixed population systems of P. ridibundus and P. esculentus (20.0%) are concentrated in the floodplains of large rivers where triploids were found and the unisexual hybrids (1.0♂ : 0.1♀) were proved. Parent species populations having different ploidy of P. esculentus such as 3n and for the first time 4n were found. A mixed system of three taxa (REL) is rare (3.8%) and locally concentrated in the lower Danube and Dnieper with the smallest proportion of P. lessonae. We did not find populations of P. lessonae (LL), P. esculentus (EE, very rare system of hybrids only), and two mixed populations of parental species RL and semi-clonal LE in the south of Ukraine, but they are known for northern areas. The high number of P. ridibundus tends to decrease; the scarce P. esculentus and the extremely rare P. lessonae require special conservation measures. P. ridibundus (RR) occupies a wide range of diverse natural, permanent, temporary, coastal, continental, and artificial freshwater bodies, including synanthropic ecosystems. Mixed population systems inhabit willow and poplar forests in the floodplains of large rivers. In the south of Ukraine rare and isolated populations of the water frogs occurring outside the main range can be relict. Biotopic preferences, ratio and number of constituent taxa are crucial for an adequate assessment of biological (taxonomic) diversity and development of an appropriate strategy for the population systems’ conservation. Such characteristics as unisexuality of hybrids, their spreading patterns, specific sex structure and ploidy in different population systems of the P. esculentus complex contribute to the understanding of the hybridogenetic dynamics; produce new tendencies of becoming independent hybridogenous taxa and emergence of new evolutionary relationships.
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Lukanov, Simeon, Georgi Popgeorgiev, and Nikolay Tzankov. "First bioacoustic and morphological data for the presence of Pelophylax bedriagae in Bulgaria." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2018-0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractWater frog mating calls from two localities were studied and analyzed. Recordings were made in the summer of 2010 at the Arkutino swamp near the town of Primorsko and at the Vurbitza River near the town of Momchilgrad. A total of 154 calls were analyzed and the results suggested the presence of both the Marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) and the Levant frog (Pelophylax bedriagae) in both sites, with the former being more frequent in Vurbitza River, and the latter – in Arkutino. At Vurbitza, we also captured and measured 2 specimens, which morphological characteristics differed from P. ridibundus and matched those of P. bedriagae. These are the first localities for P. bedriagae in Bulgaria.
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Bruni, Giacomo. "Will there be a second extinction? Molecular identification of multiple alien water frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus sensu lato) in Tuscany, Central Italy, reveals genetic pollution within a unique hybridogenetic system." Herpetological Journal, Volume 30, Number 3 (July 1, 2020): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hj30.3.147158.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The introduction of alien water frogs is perhaps one of the most underestimated herpetological conservation issues in Europe. The identification of distinct species is highly challenging at the phenotypic level, and artificial syntopy between various taxa and lineages may lead to diverse outcomes, including hybridisation and local extinction. In central Italy the native synklepton of Pelophylax bergeri (the parental taxon) and P. kl. (klepton) hispanicus (the hybridogenetic hybrid, which clonally transmits the genome of an extinct ridibundus-like taxon) is present. Until recently, data regarding the presence of alien water frogs in central Italy was scarce, and no alien taxa have been reported for Tuscany. In this study, four distinct non-native Pelophylax lineages have been identified via molecular analysis in the Cecina and Arno river basins and ascribed to the Marsh frog group (P. ridibundus sensu lato). Alien Pelophylax ridibundus, P. kurtmuelleri, and P. cf. bedriagae sensu stricto currently appear to be widespread in the Cecina basin. Furthermore, evidence of hybridisation with autochthonous taxa has been suggested by genetic analyses in four out of eight sampling localities. With a view to evaluate urgent conservation strategies, a greater sampling effort is required to assess the actual distribution and ecology of the alien lineages, and further research is necessary to measure their impact on the native hybridogenetic system of the central-southern Italian pool frogs.
10
Iftime, Alexandru, and Oana Iftime. "Observations on the Herpetofauna of the Builavânturariţa Massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania )." Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa" 56, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/travmu-2013-0007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The results of herpetological investigations in the Buila-Vânturariţa massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania) and its surrounding areas are reported here. 19 amphibian and reptile species were identified (Salamandra salamandra, Triturus cristatus, Ichthyosaura alpestris, Lissotriton vulgaris, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, B. viridis, Hyla arborea, Rana temporaria, R. dalmatina, Pelophylax ridibundus, P. lessonae, Emys orbicularis, Lacerta agilis, L. viridis, Podarcis muralis, Zootoca vivipara, Zamenis longissimus, Natrix natrix) and are presented together with distribution and ecological data.
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Hermaniuk, Adam, Magdalena Czajkowska, Anetta Borkowska, and Jan R. E. Taylor. "Body size variation in hybrids among populations of European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex) with different breeding systems." Amphibia-Reptilia 41, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In some populations, hybrids reproduce with a parental species by eliminating the genome of this species from their own germline and produce gametes that only contain the genome of the other parental species (sexual host). This mode of reproduction, known as hybridogenesis, leads to a conflict of interest between the two parties because the sexual host should avoid mating with the hybrid to prevent a reduction in reproductive success, whereas the hybrid depends on such matings for survival. We investigated European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex), including hybrids (P. esculentus, genotype LR) and two sexual host species (P. lessonae, LL and P. ridibundus, RR). We hypothesized that to maximize fitness, hybrid males should be morphologically more similar to the sexual host that is preferred by females for successful reproduction. To test this hypothesis, we compared hybrid males in two different population types, L-E (hybrids coexist with LL) and L-E-R (hybrids coexist with both LL and RR). The latter was described in terms of genome composition, sex ratio, and mate choice preferences; the sex ratio of hybrids was significantly male-biased. We found that LR males from the L-E-R populations were significantly larger than those from the L-E, which makes them more similar to P. ridibundus, the largest species within the P. esculentus complex. We suggest that a larger body size of hybrid males may provide a reproductive advantage in the L-E-R population type, where the most common type of pair caught in the breeding season was LR males × RR females.
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Iftime, Alexandru, and Oana Iftime. "Contributions to the Knowledge Regarding the Distribution and Ecology of the Herpetofauna of Ţarcu Massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania)." Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa" 56, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/travmu-2013-0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The results of herpetological investigations in the Ţarcu massif (Southern Carpathians, Romania) and its surrounding areas are reported here. 21 amphibian and reptile forms were identified (Salamandra salamandra, Triturus cristatus, Ichthyosaura alpestris, Lissotriton vulgaris, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, B. viridis, Hyla arborea, Rana temporaria, R. dalmatina, Pelophylax ridibundus, P. kl. esculentus, Lacerta agilis, L. viridis, Zootoca vivipara, Podarcis muralis, Anguis colchica, Zamenis longissimus, Natrix natrix, N. tessellata, Vipera ammodytes) and are presented together with distribution and ecological data.
13
Iftime, Alexandru, and Oana Iftime. "Contributions to the Knowledge on the Amphibians and Reptiles of Teleorman County (Southern Romania)." Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 58, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2016): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/travmu-2016-0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The results of faunistical surveys of the amphibians in Teleorman county (Southern Romania) are presented here; we have identified nine amphibian species (Triturus cristatus, Lissotriton vulgaris, Bombina bombina, Pelobates syriacus, P. fuscus, Bufo bufo, B. viridis, Hyla arborea, Rana dalmatina, Pelophylax ridibundus), two amphibian hybrids (Triturus cristatus × T. dobrogicus and Pelophylax kl. esculentus) and six reptile species (Emys orbicularis, Lacerta agilis, L. viridis, Podarcis tauricus, Natrix natrix, Dolichophis caspius), with new records for many of these.
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Svinin, Anton O., Ivan V. Bashinskiy, Vitaly V. Osipov, Leonid A. Neymark, Alexander Yu Ivanov, Oleg A. Ermakov, and Spartak N. Litvinchuk. "New records of the anomaly P syndrome in two water frog species (Pelophylax ridibundus and P. lessonae) in Russia." Herpetozoa 32 (December 6, 2019): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e47205.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The “anomaly P” was described in Palearctic water frogs of the genus Pelophylax by Jean Rostand as complex morphological anomalies of water frogs, including polydactyly, brachymely, hind limb oedema, bone outgrowths, spikes, flexions and additional limbs in the inguinal region. In 2016, the anomaly P syndrome was rediscovered in central Russia, confirming the hypothesis concerning its wider distribution. Here, three new records of this syndrome in two species of western Palearctic water frog from Russia are described.
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Tyumaseva, Z. I., and E. V. Guskova. "Parasites, predators and diseases of Lady Beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of the Southern Urals and adjacent territories." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 2 (May 28, 2017): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_28.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>The article gives a review of the Coccinellidae natural enemies (birds, amphibians, insects, mites, fungi, nematodes). Groups of animals that can influence the Coccinellidae population dynamics are identified. The stomachs of frogs <em>Pelophylax ridibundus </em>(Pallas, 1771), <em>Rana temporaria</em> Linnaeus, 1758, <em>Rana arvalis</em> Nilsson, 1842, <em>Rana amurensis </em>Boulenger, 1886, <em>Pelobates</em><em> fuscus </em>(Laurenti, 1768) have been examined; the occurrence of various Coccinellidae species in the stomachs is evaluated.</p>
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Drohvalenko, M., E. Pustovalova, A. Fedorova та D. Shabanov. "ПЕРША ЗНАХІДКА ТРИПЛОЇДНИХ ГІБРИДНИХ ЖАБ PELOPHYLAX ESCULENTUS (ANURA: RANIDAE) В БАСЕЙНІ РІЧКИ МОЖ (ХАРКІВСЬКА ОБЛ., УКРАЇНА)". Біорізноманіття, екологія та експериментальна біологія 2, № 23 (2021): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/https://doi.org/10.34142/2708-5848.2021.23.2.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pelophylax esculentus – міжвидовий гібрид озерної жаби P. ridibundus та ставкової жаби P. lessonae. Гібриди зазвичай представлені диплоїдними і триплоїдними формами, які співіснують і схрещуються з одним або обома батьківськими видами в геміклональних популяційних системах (ГПС). Басейн річки Сіверський Донець відомий своїми різноманітними ГПС і був описаний як Сіверсько-Донецький центр різноманіття зелених жаб. У його межах було описано три субрегіони на основі особливостей складу ГПС (диплоїдні – R-E, з триплоїдами – R-EEp і R-Epf лише з триплоїдними самками серед гібридів). Наявність триплоїдних P. esculentus раніше була підтверджена лише для двох із трьох субрегіонів басейну річки Сіверський Донець, тоді як третій, R-E-субрегіон (включаючи р. Мож), вважався населеним лише диплоїдами. В даній статті ми представляємо результати аналізу плоїдності та складу геному як дорослих зелених жаб, так і цьогорічків у ставку в с. Тимченки (басейн р. Мож, Харківська область, Україна). Три вибірки жаб були зібрані у вересні 2019, червні 2020 та серпні 2021 року (всього 109 дорослих особин і 56 молодих особин) та проаналізовані за морфологічними особливостями, а також з використанням методів цитометрії еритроцитів (сухі мазки), каріології кісткового мозку та флуоресцентного фарбування (за допомогою DAPI). Ми виявили 2 триплоїдних самці серед дорослих і 5 триплоїдів обох статей серед цьогорічків. Загальне співвідношення триплоїдів за віком різко змінюється (9% серед цьогорічків проти 1% серед дорослих), але незначуще (p=0,078). Розмір еритроцитів, що вказує на межу між дорослими ди- і триплоїдами, був встановлений як 28 мкм для цієї системи; для цьогорічків така межа не є очевидною. Усі триплоїди мали склад геному LLR (тобто два геноми P. lessonae та один геном P. ridibundus). За більшістю диплоїдних P. esculentus та наявністю триплоїдів система у Тимченках виявилася схожою на деякі інші ГПС (системи Корякова та Іськова ставків) в інших субрегіонах, які характеризуються присутністю триплоїдів. Наявність триплоїдів, всупереч попереднім даним щодо цього регіону, може пояснюватись декількома гіпотезами: (1) рідкісні знахідки триплоїдів; (2) їх міграція чи міграція P. esculentus, які продукують 2n-гамети; (3) нова особливість розмноження P. esculentus, що виникла нещодавно.
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Kuzmin, Yuriy, Ivanna Dmytrieva, Oleksiy Marushchak, Svyatoslav Morozov-Leonov, Oleksandra Oskyrko, and Oksana Nekrasova. "Helminth Species and Infracommunities in Frogs Pelophylax ridibundus and P. esculentus (Amphibia: Ranidae) in Northern Ukraine." Acta Parasitologica 65, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11686-019-00164-3.
Повний текст джерела
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Lyapkov, Sergey M., Tatyana E. Kondratova, Roman A. Ivolga, Elena A. Kidova, and Artem A. Kidov. "Growth Layers and Its Complex Structure in a Common Species Under Uncommon Conditions: <i>Pelophylax ridibundus</i> in the Talysh Mountains." Russian Journal of Herpetology 28, no. 5 (October 27, 2021): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-5-242-248.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the Talysh Mountains, the marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), increases its distribution due to human activity. In the mountain forest belt, frogs inhabit flowing ponds with cold spring water. These reservoirs are characterized by a stable temperature regime: the water in them is kept at the level of 10 – 12°C in winter and does not fall below 6°C, and in summer does not rise above 18°C. Probably, the cold flow water of ponds in the mountain-forest belt of Talysh can cause some features of growth and maturation for P. ridibundus. The aim of our work was to study the features of the structure of growth layers including the variation in degree of expression of lines of arrested growth (LAGs) of the marsh frogs in ponds with cold flow water. Frogs were collected in the upper part of the Tangeru River gorge in Sym village of Astara District of Azerbaijan (480 m a.s.l.) in August 2018. In total, we studied skeletochronologically 8 females and 9 males. In contrast to the results of the tubular bones studies in the marsh frog presented in earlier works, the studied individuals are characterized by a more complex and diverse structure in the cross section of shin bones. All the revealed diversity of this structure can be divided into three groups. To the first group are relatively rare cases in which there are growth layers with wintering LAGs and additional growth layers but without additional LAGs. The second group includes more frequent cases in which there are growth layers not only with wintering LAGs but with additional LAGs differing discretely from wintering LAGs. The third group includes the rarest cases where there are growth layers with wintering LAGs and with additional LAGs without discrete difference from wintering LAGs. The revealed high variable structure of growth layers and distinctiveness of LAGs in P. ridibundus can be explained by unusual temperature regime in habitat of studied population and the existence of several activity period during a year. The most continuous period of low temperatures (February and March) corresponds to formation hibernation LAGs and dark rings in growth layers. Besides, period from early December to late January may be so cold that frog growth retard sufficiently or stop completely. The formation of more dark parts of growth layers or even several additional LAGs can correspond to this period.
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Alam, Mohammad Zahangeer, Md Abdullahil Baki Bhuiyan, Hasan Muhammad Abdullah, Suma Rani Ghosh, Mohammad Maksudul Hassan, Ruzina Akter, M. Rokonuzzaman, and Mohammad Shah Alam. "Changes of Land Use and Land Cover with the Diversity of Fishes, Aquatic Plants, and Bird’s Species at Wetland Ecosystem." Scientific World Journal 2021 (December 8, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7533119.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bangladesh is rich in wetland biodiversity with aquatic plants, fishes, and birds. Mohanganj Upazila is known as the capital of lower Bangladesh. The present study focuses on the changes of land use and land cover (LULC) with a diversity of species that are being least concerned (LC), vulnerable (VU), and endangered (EN). Over the last two decades, the wetland species of Mohanganj were gradually declined. Our results showed that 19 fish, 4 aquatic plants, and 7 bird species were LC in 2015. Among the fish and aquatic plant species, 6 fish species (Wallago attu, Ompok pabda, Channa punctate, Chitala chitala, Salmostoma phulo, and Corica soborna) and 2 aquatic plant species (Nymphaea nouchali and Nymphaea lotus) were VU during the dry and rainy season of 2017 and 2019, respectively. In the dry season of 2019, 4 fish species (W. attu, O. pabda, C. punctate, and Ch. chitala), 2 aquatic plant species (N. nouchali and N. lotus), and 7 bird species (Anas platyrhynchos, Ardeola grayii, Gyps bengalensis, Alcedo atthis, Phalacrocorax fuscicollis, Porphyrio porphyria, and Larus ridibundus) were EN. Among the species, W. attu, N. nouchaii, G. bengalensis, P. porphyria, and L. ridibundus were extremely endangered categories. Changes in LULC, the establishment of settlements for the increasing population, indiscriminate use of pesticides, environmental pollutions, and climate change are the potential reasons for declining trends of wetland biodiversity. Stern actions on land use policy, expansion of organic agriculture, bioremediation of industrial effluents, and adoption of sustainable environmental policies should be taken by the Government of Bangladesh for immediate conservation of wetland biodiversity.
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Popiołek, M., B. Rozenblut-Kościsty, M. Kot, W. Nosal, and M. Ogielska. "Endoparasitic helminths of water frog complex in Poland: do differences exist between the parental species Pelophylax ridibundus and Pelophylax lessonae, and their natural hybrid Pelophylax esculentus?" Helminthologia 48, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-011-0020-8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractParasitic fauna of water frogs was mainly studied in the second half of the 20th century. However, these studies were done without differentiation into species and hybrids and pooled the 3 taxa as “water frogs” or “green frogs”. The aim of this study was to make an inventory of helminth species as well as their prevalence and intensity of infection in the two parental species (Pelophylax ridibundus and P. lessonae) and the hybrid (P. esculentus) of water frogs from 3 big populations composed of hundreds or thousands of individuals inhabited natural and seminatural landscapes in Poland. Eight helminth species were found: Polystoma integerrimum, Diplodiscus subclavatus, Opisthoglyphe ranae, Gorgodera cygnoides, Haematoloechus variegatus, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and Acanthocephalus ranae. The results were compared with data from other, polish and European studies. Additionally we compared the level of infection among water frog taxa.
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Ermakov, O., A. Ivanov, S. Titov, A. Svinin, and S. N. Litvinchuk. "New Multiplex PCR Method for Identification of East European Green Frog Species and Their Hybrids." Russian Journal of Herpetology 26, no. 6 (December 15, 2019): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2019-26-6-367-370.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A molecular multiplex PCR method for identification of East European green frog species (Pelophylax ridibundus, P. cf. bedriagae and P. lessonae) and their hybrids was developed. This simple and rapid method can be used for identification of species-specific mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. The method is based on species-specific differences in primary structure of the subunit 1 of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase gene (COI) and the intron-1 of the nuclear serum albumin gene (SAI-1). Based on the method, we analyzed numerous individuals of these species and their hybrids from East European Plain, the Crimea, the Caucasus, the Ural, as well as introduced populations from Western Siberia and the Kamchatka. In all cases, identification of species performed by use of the multiplex PCR method coincided with results of study of primary nucleotide sequences.
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Leuenberger, Julien, Antoine Gander, Benedikt R. Schmidt, and Nicolas Perrin. "Are invasive marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus) replacing the native P. lessonae/P. esculentus hybridogenetic complex in Western Europe? Genetic evidence from a field study." Conservation Genetics 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2014): 869–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0585-0.
Повний текст джерела
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Alkaya, Ahmet, and Hülya Şereflişan. "Histological Comparison of the Edible Water Frog (Pelophylax ridibundus Pallas, 1771) Gonads Before and After Reproduction." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 12 (December 24, 2021): 2153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i12.2153-2158.4371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study, testicular and ovarian structures of economically important edible Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) were histologically examined before and after reproduction in male and female individuals. Fourty eight (24 ♀, 24 ♂) adult frogs were collected from Gölbaşı Lake in Hatay. The average weight and length values of female frogs collected from nature were found to be 56.61±19.59 g and 79.54±7.07 mm; while, the average weight and length values of male frogs were 36.63±12.84 g and 69.29±9.15 mm, respectively. Frogs were brought to the frog farm established in Aydıncık and placed in breeding ponds with a width of 1m2. Frogs in the ponds were brought to the laboratory of Iskenderun Technical University in different periods, before breeding (March) and after breeding (June). Then, histological samples were taken from ovary and testis. The female frogs were determined ready for reproduction. Moreover, a large number of mature oocytes in the before breeding ovaries in vitellogenic stage, while after reproduction oocytes in primary structure and oocytes which have atresia status observed. Also, increase in the thickness of the theca layer was determined. In the male frog seminiferous tubules containing a large number of spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid and a small number of spermatozoons including sperm bundles and leydig cells were found before reproduction. After the reproduciton, the density of spermatogonia, spermatocyte and spermatids were decreased; while, the density of spermatozoon and sperm bundle were increased in the seminiferous tubules. This study will contribute to the determination of mating and spawning in frog breeding by revealing the histological status of the gonad structure of P. ridibundus in the breeding process.
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Biriuk, O., O. Usova, O. Meleshko, and D. Shabanov. "Stability of spermatogenesis and displays of natural selection at the cellular and individual level in immature representatives of the Pelophylax esculentus complex." Biosystems Diversity 24, no. 1 (March 24, 2016): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011624.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pelophylax esculentus is an interspecific hybrid which reproduces hemiclonally by crossing with the parental species (P. ridibundus or P. lessonae). The structure of hemiclonal population systems is of great interest. The majority of investigations into populations of water frogs deal with samples of mature animals, while subadults are less studied. We collected a random sample of 73 small water frogs from three localities in the Siverskyi Donets River floodplain. All frogs were measured, injected with colchicines and killed after anesthesia. We determined the species specifity, sex, age and ploidy of every individual. In addition, we measured testis length and studied the germ cells of all males by means of karyological analysis. We calculated the portion of triploids in the largest subsample from the vicinity of the Biological Station of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and carried out a meta-analysis of previous publications dealing with composition of green frog samples from this locality. The proportion of triploids in our sample appeared to be approximately the same as 12 years ago. However, this proportion in our sample differed significantly from that obtained in recent samples of green frogs belonging to other age groups (adults and metamorphs) from the same locality. The share of triploids of P. esculentus is the lowest in the sample of metamorphs. This proportion increases in froglets because of early death of representatives of parental species which originated from hybrid-hybrid crossing. Then the number of triploids among adult P. esculentus individuals declines again probably because of their lower viability compared to diploids. We have revealed that subadult diploids have erythrocytes smaller than 28 microns, while triploids’ erythrocytes exceed 27 microns. Therefore, in borderline cases true ploidy could be determined only by the karyological technique. The average ratio between testis length and body length appeared to be larger in the parental species than in both diploid and triploid hybrids. Karyological analysis has revealed that P. esculentus had significantly lower portions of spermatocytes I with normal karyotype (13 bivalents) in the testis in comparison with P. ridibundus, but this value increases in adult hybrids. We suggest that increasing of spermatogenesis stability in adult frogs as opposed to subadults might be the consequence of both selection of germ cell lines in the testis and more frequent survival of individuals with stable gametogenesis.
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Gasso, V. Y., and S. V. Yermolenko. "Amphibian diversity of the Dnipro river within the limits of the Dnipro city agglomeration." Питання степового лісознавства та лісової рекультивації земель 50 (October 30, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/442108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Amphibians play an important role in the formation of biodiversity and functioning in most terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Urbanization threatens to survive many species due to the destruction of natural ecosystems whose remains become fragmented, isolated, and modified by urbanization processes. The floodplain and coastal ecosystems along both banks of the Dnipro River within the limits of the Dnipro city agglomeration are investigated. The current diversity of amphibians in this territory is represented by six species, which is 55% of the total amount of amphibian fauna of the Dnipropetrovsk region. They are Lissotriton vulgaris, Pelophylаx ridibundus, Pelobates vespertinus, Bombina bombina, Hyla orientalis, and Bufotes viridis. The largest diversity of amphibians was found on the site near the Samara Gulf, where small urbanization and anthropogenic influence are observed. The smallest diversity of amphibians was found for the site of residential community "Pobeda", where only two species of amphibians were revealed. The assessment of the similarity of amphibian communities shows that their diversity is the most similar for ecosystems of the right bank of the Dnipro River near the residential communities "Chervony Kamin", "Pokrovsky", and "Parus" and the ecosystems on the left bank near the Samara Gulf. The most numerous and widespread species is the marsh frog P. ridibundus, which lives along the coastline of the Dnieper River. Its populations are relatively stable according to their high number and distribution. The populations of L. vulgaris, B. bombina, and H. orientalis are under the threat of declining, as evidenced by their low number and dependence on small water bodies. Therefore, the reconstruction of the coastline and any earthwork and building activity should be accompanied by the measures on the preservation of small reservoirs along the Dnieper River. The obtained results develop our knowledge about the actual state of biodiversity and species wealth abundance of the Dnieper River within the northern steppe subzone of Ukraine and may be used for planning of the environmental protection measures.
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Kryvoltsevych, Anastasia, Anna Fedorova, Dmytro Shabanov, and Eleonora Pustovalova. "Anomalies in Marsh Frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus) and hybrid waterfrogs (P. esculentus) (Anura: Ranidae) from two ponds in the Kharkiv Region of Ukraine." Reptiles & Amphibians 29, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v29i1.16446.
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Miura, Ikuo, Vladimir Vershinin, Svetlana Vershinina, Andrei Lebedinskii, Alexander Trofimov, Ivan Sitnikov, and Michihiko Ito. "Hybridogenesis in the Water Frogs from Western Russian Territory: Intrapopulation Variation in Genome Elimination." Genes 12, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hybridogenesis in an interspecific hybrid frog is a coupling mechanism in the gametogenic cell line that eliminates the genome of one parental species with endoduplication of the remaining genome of the other parental species. It has been intensively investigated in the edible frog Pelophylax kl. esculentus (RL), a natural hybrid between the marsh frog P. ridibundus (RR) and the pool frog P. lessonae (LL). However, the genetic mechanisms involved remain unclear. Here, we investigated the water frogs in the western Russian territory. In three of the four populations, we genetically identified 16 RL frogs living sympatrically with the parental LL species, or with both parental species. In addition, two populations contained genome introgression with another species, P. bedriagae (BB) (a close relative of RR). In the gonads of 13 RL frogs, the L genome was eliminated, producing gametes of R (or R combined with the B genome). In sharp contrast, one RL male eliminated the L or R genome, producing both R and L sperm. We detected a variation in genome elimination within a population. Based on the genetic backgrounds of RL frogs, we hypothesize that the introgression of the B genome resulted in the change in choosing a genome to be eliminated.
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Smith, H. V., J. Brown, J. C. Coulson, G. P. Morris, and R. W. A. Girdwood. "Occurrence of oocysts ofCryptosporidiumsp. inLarusspp. gulls." Epidemiology and Infection 110, no. 1 (February 1993): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800050767.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARYBetween November 1990 and February 1991 101 gull faecal samples, collected in central Scotland, and 50 cloacal lavages, from gulls captured at two refuse tips near Durham, England were examined for the presence ofCryptosporidiumsp. oocysts. Five of 101 (c 5%) of faecal samples and 11 of 50 (22%) of cloacal lavages contained oocysts, of which 64% and 83%, respectively were considered viable when examined with propidium iodide and 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Since there is insufficient evidence to ascribe these oocysts to a recognized species they are therefore referred to asCryptosporidiumsp. oocysts. There were significant differences in the occurrence of oocysts between gulls captured at the different refuse tips (P < 0.01), but no significant difference between the distribution of oocysts in two species of gull,Larus argentatus(Herring Gull) andL. ridibundus(Black-head Gull). The differences may be explained by different food sources and feeding habits. The contribution of gulls to environmental contamination withCryptosporidiumsp. oocysts is probably generally small, but may be more significant when large numbers roost on surface waters.
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Conn, David Bruce, Zdzisław Świderski, and Jordi Miquel. "Ultrastructure of digenean trematode eggs (Platyhelminthes: Neoophora): A review emphasizing new comparative data on four European Microphalloidea." Acta Parasitologica 63, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ap-2018-0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Despite their tremendous diversity and their medical and veterinary importance, details of egg ultrastructure among the digenean trematodes has been studied rather little. The available literature is spread over several decades and several species, but has not been adequately reviewed to reveal patterns of similarity and divergence. We present this review to synthesize and analyse what is known from the available literature reporting studies using both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To support our general review of existing literature, we also have synthesized our own previously published descriptions, and present herein our new previously unpublished data. From these new electron micrographs, we provide a comparative analysis of the intrauterine eggs of four digenean species, representing four genera and three families of the superfamily Microphalloidea, collected from four different host wildlife species in four European countries: 1) Mediogonimus jourdanei (Prosthogonimidae) from Myodes glareolus (Mammalia: Rodentia), collected in France; 2) Maritrema feliui (Microphallidae) from Crocidura russula (Mammalia: Soricimorpha), collected in Spain; 3) Brandesia turgida (Pleurogenidae) from Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae), collected in Russia; and 4) Prosotocus confusus (Pleurogenidae) from Rana lessonae (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae), collected in Belarus. All were studied by preparing whole worms by various techniques for TEM, so that eggs could be studied in situ within the uterus of the parent worm. Based on the literature review and the new data presented here, we describe basic similarities in patterns of embryogenesis and egg formation among all trematode species, but substantial variations in timing of larvigenesis, sculpturing of egg shell surfaces, and some other features, especially including accessory cocoon coverings outside the egg shells of B. turgida and P. confusus. In the future, many more studies are needed to explore egg ultrastructure in other digenean taxa, to explore potential phylogenetic patterns in egg development and structure, and to correlate structure with function in the life cycle.
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Dunaievska, Oksana. "Biomarkers indicators of RANA RIDIBUNDA P." Problems of bioindications and ecology 23, no. 1 (2018): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/2312-2056/2018-23/1-14.
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Božič, Luka. "Results of the January 2017 waterbird census in Slovenia." Acrocephalus 38, no. 174-175 (December 1, 2017): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acro-2017-0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Summary In 2017, the International Waterbird Census (IWC) was carried out in Slovenia on January 14 and 15. Waterbirds were counted on all larger rivers, along the entire Slovenian Coastland and on most of the major standing waters in the country. During the census, in which 235 observers took part, 413 sections of the rivers and coastal sea with a total length of 1,427 km and 200 other localities (164 standing waters and 36 streams) were surveyed. The census was characterized by harsh winter conditions and high proportion of frozen water bodies. Altogether, 51,790 waterbirds of 61 species were counted. Thus, the number of waterbirds and the number of species recorded were close to the 21-year average. The highest numbers of waterbirds were counted in the Drava count area, i.e. 20,064 individuals (38.7% of all waterbirds in Slovenia). By far the most numerous species was Mallard Anas platyrhynchos (46.1% of all waterbirds), followed by Coot Fulica atra (6.8% of all waterbirds), Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (5.9% of all waterbirds), Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (5.7% of all waterbirds) and Mute Swan Cygnus olor (3.9% of all waterbirds). The number of 1,000 counted individuals was also surpassed by Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis, Teal An. crecca, Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula, White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons, Pygmy Cormorant P. pygmeus and Grey Heron Ardea cinerea. Among the rarer recorded species, the Red-breasted Goose Branta ruficollis (registered for the first time during the January Waterbird Censuses and only for the third time ever in Slovenia) and Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis (the first probable A category individual for IWC and Slovenia) deserve special mention. Numbers of the following species were the highest so far recorded during the IWC: Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata (together with 2006 and 2012), Pintail An. acuta, Ferruginous Duck Ay. nyroca, Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis (together with 2003), Goosander Mergus merganser, Pygmy Cormorant, Herring Gull L. argentatus and Caspian Gull L. cachinnans. Number of Pochards Ay. ferina was the lowest so far recorded during the IWC.
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Hérold, J. P., R. Guyétant, and G. Cudey. "Direct and indirect calorimetry measurements during the annual growth cycle of juvenile frogs Rana ridibunda P." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 81, no. 3 (January 1985): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(85)91010-2.
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Svitin, R., and Y. Kuzmin. "Oswaldocruzia duboisi (Nematoda, Molineidae): Morphology, Hosts and Distribution in Ukraine." Vestnik Zoologii 46, no. 3 (January 1, 2012): e-1-e-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10058-012-0017-x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oswaldocruzia duboisi(Nematoda, Molineidae): Morphology, Hosts and Distribution in UkraineOswaldocruzia duboisiBen Slimane, Durette-Desset et Chabaud, 1993 previously known from France and Bulgaria is reported from Ukraine for the first time. The species was found in the material from 8 amphibian host species, of whichLissotriton montadoni, Triturus cristatus, Mesotriton alpestris, Pelophylax ridibunda, P. lessonae, andHyla arboreaare new host records. Newts (Salamandridae) and green frogs (Pelophylax) are considered to be typical hosts forO. duboisi. Illustrated morphological redescription ofO. duboisibased on 141 specimens from various hosts is presented.
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Chartrel, Nicolas, J. Michael Conlon, Fran�oise Collin, Benedicte Braun, David Waugh, Mauro Vallarino, Sabine L. Lahrichi, Jean E. Rivier, and Hubert Vaudry. "Urotensin II in the central nervous system of the frogRana ridibunda: immunohistochemical localization and biochemical characterization." Journal of Comparative Neurology 364, no. 2 (January 8, 1996): 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960108)364:2<324::aid-cne10>3.0.co;2-p.
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Nouwen, E. J., and E. R. Kühn. "Volumetric control of arginine vasotocin and mesotocin release in the frog (Rana ridibunda)." Journal of Endocrinology 105, no. 3 (June 1985): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1050371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Adult male frogs (Rana ridibunda) were subjected to several volumetric and osmometric stimuli and the influence on circulating concentrations of arginine vasotocin (AVT) and mesotocin was studied by the use of highly specific radioimmunoassays. During progressive blood withdrawal (haemorrhage group) urine flow decreased to zero, whereas no change occurred in the plasma and urine osmolality. Control levels of 34·3±7·3 pmol AVT/1 gradually increased up to 638·3±179·1 pmol/l (P<0·001) after a blood loss of up to 50–60% of the blood volume. Plasma mesotocin concentrations also increased from 42·4±9·2 to 70·8±12·0 pmol/l (n = 7). Hypervolaemia, produced by the repeated intravenous injection of isotonic Ringer solution, increased the urine flow and osmolality compared to controls but had no influence on the plasma levels of AVT and mesotocin. Hypernatraemia without volume change profoundly increased the urine osmolality but the urine flow was not affected; the plasma concentrations of AVT and mesotocin remained at the control level. Finally, during a 1-h immobilization stress a pronounced antidiuresis occurred in the presence of a constant plasma and urine osmolality and control plasma levels of AVT and mesotocin. It is concluded that the release of AVT and, to a smaller extent, of mesotocin is under volumetric control. J. Endocr. (1985) 105, 371–377
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Serbinova, Irina, Alexander Gavashelishvili, and David Tarkhnishvili. "Modelling the range of Syrian spadefoot toad (Pelobates syriacus) with combination of GIS-based approaches." Amphibia-Reptilia 30, no. 3 (2009): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853809788795137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractSyrian spadefoot toads (Pelobates syriacus) are found from Balkan Peninsula throughout the Caucasus, Middle East, and Northern Iran. However, the range of this species is sufficiently mapped only in Balkans. Based on the detailed mapping of the species in Georgia, we analysed the environmental factors influencing species occurrence and produced spatial models for the entire range. Nine models based on the logistic regression, discriminant function analysis, and classification tree analysis, all showed significant influence of the vegetation index and maximum summer temperature on the species distribution. The habitat suitability models based on the presence-only data (Mahalanobis distance estimation and Maximum Entropy approach) had a better performance than the models based on the presence-absence data. The habitat suitability models included two variables only, identified as significant in all preliminary analyses. The area identified as suitable by presence-only models strongly increases when a few environmental variables are included in the analysis. When only two variables are considered, the model predicted large areas north of the actual range. Competition with the related common spadefoot toad (P. fuscus) might have a role on the position of the northern limit of the range of P. syriacus. Within the predicted range, use of breeding sites is negatively associated with presence of fish. Breeding pond preferences of P. syriacus were particularly similar to those of the lake frog (Rana ridibunda), although the latter species uses appropriate habitats more extensively.
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Wang, Y., T. Badgery-Parker, S. Lovas, N. Chartrel, H. Vaudry, E. Burcher, and J. M. Conlon. "Primary structure and receptor-binding properties of a neurokinin A-related peptide from frog gut." Biochemical Journal 287, no. 3 (November 1, 1992): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2870827.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A tachykinin peptide was isolated from an extract of the intestine of the European green frog, Rana ridibunda, and its primary structure was established as: His-Lys-Leu-Asp-Ser-Phe-Ile-Gly-Leu-Met.CONH2. This sequence was confirmed by chemical synthesis and shows two amino acid substitutions (leucine for threonine at position 3 and isoleucine for valine at position 7) compared with neurokinin A. Binding parameters for synthetic [Leu3, Ile7]neurokinin A and mammalian tachykinins were compared using receptor-selective radioligands and crude membranes from tissues enriched in the NK1, NK2 and NK3 receptors. [Leu3, Ile7]Neurokinin A was approx. 3-fold less potent than substance P in inhibiting the binding of 125I-labelled [Sar9, Met(O2)11]substance P (labelled with Bolton-Hunter reagent) to rat submandibular gland (NK1 receptor), 8-fold less potent than neurokinin A in inhibiting the binding of [2-[125I]iodohistidine1]neurokinin A to rat stomach fundus (NK2 receptor) and 6-fold less potent than neurokinin B in inhibiting the binding of 125I-Bolton-Hunter-labelled scyliorhinin II to rat brain (NK3 receptor). Thus the frog neurokinin A-related peptide shows moderate affinity but lack of selectivity for all three tachykinin-binding sites in rat tissues. This non-selectivity is similar to that displayed by the molluscan tachykinin, eledoisin, which also contains an isoleucine residue in the corresponding position in the molecule.
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Wang, Y., I. Remy-Jouet, C. Delarue, M. Letourneau, A. Fournier, H. Vaudry, and JM Conlon. "Structural characterization and effects on corticosteroid secretion of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 from the frog Rana ridibunda." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0240285.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Despite the intensive study of endothelin (ET) in mammals, the primary structure and biological activity of the peptide is not known for any species of non-mammalian tetrapod. Extracts of the stomach and the liver of the European green frog Rana ridibunda contained ET-like immunoreactivity measured by RIA using an antiserum raised against human ET-1. The amino acid sequence of the peptide that was isolated in pure form from the stomach extract was identical to that of human ET-1 and the peptide purified from the liver extract was identical to human ET-3 except for a single amino acid substitution (Phe(4)-->Tyr). These observations demonstrate that the amino acid sequences of ET family peptides have been very strongly conserved during evolution of tetrapods and suggest that the pathway of post-translational processing of preproendothelin in the frog is similar to that in mammals. Both frog/human ET-1, frog ET-3 and human ET-3 produced a concentration-dependent increase in the production of corticosteroids from perifused slices of the frog interrenal gland. The maximum responses produced by the peptides (approximately 2-fold increase over basal levels for both corticosterone and aldosterone production) were not significantly different. The potency of ET-1 (-log EC(50)=9.81+/-0.01 (s.e.m.) for corticosterone and 9.52+/-0.29 for aldosterone production) was significantly (P<0.01) greater than that of frog ET-3 (-log EC(50)=8.13+/-1.6 for corticosterone and 8.15+/-0.33 for aldosterone production) but the potencies of frog ET-3 and human ET-3 (-log EC(50)=8.29+/-0.34 and 7.87+/-0.18) were not significantly different.
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Doležálková-Kaštánková, Marie, Glib Mazepa, Daniel L. Jeffries, Nicolas Perrin, Marcela Plötner, Jörg Plötner, Gaston-Denis Guex, et al. "Capture and return of sexual genomes by hybridogenetic frogs provides clonal genome enrichment in a sexual species." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81240-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractHybridogenesis is a reproductive tool for sexual parasitism. Hybridogenetic hybrids use gametes from their sexual host for their own reproduction, but sexual species gain no benefit from such matings as their genome is later eliminated. Here, we examine the presence of sexual parasitism in water frogs through crossing experiments and genome-wide data. We specifically focus on the famous Central-European populations where Pelophylax esculentus males (hybrids of P. ridibundus and P. lessonae) live with P. ridibundus. We identified a system where the hybrids commonly produce two types of clonal gametes (hybrid amphispermy). The haploid lessonae genome is clonally inherited from generation to generation and assures the maintenance of hybrids through a process, in which lessonae sperm fertilize P. ridibundus eggs. The haploid ridibundus genome in hybrids received from P. ridibundus a generation ago, is perpetuated as clonal ridibundus sperm and used to fertilize P. ridibundus eggs, yielding female P. ridibundus progeny. These results imply animal reproduction in which hybridogenetic taxa are not only sexual parasites, but also participate in the formation of a sexual taxon in a remarkable way. This occurs through a process by which sexual gametes are being captured, converted to clones, and returned to sexual populations in one generation.
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Dedukh, D., S. Riumin, M. Chmielewska, B. Rozenblut-Kościsty, K. Kolenda, M. Kaźmierczak, A. Dudzik, M. Ogielska, and A. Krasikova. "Micronuclei in germ cells of hybrid frogs from Pelophylax esculentus complex contain gradually eliminated chromosomes." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (May 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64977-3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In most organisms, cells typically maintain genome integrity, as radical genome reorganization leads to dramatic consequences. However, certain organisms, ranging from unicellular ciliates to vertebrates, are able to selectively eliminate specific parts of their genome during certain stages of development. Moreover, partial or complete elimination of one of the parental genomes occurs in interspecies hybrids reproducing asexually. Although several examples of this phenomenon are known, the molecular and cellular processes involved in selective elimination of genetic material remain largely undescribed for the majority of such organisms. Here, we elucidate the process of selective genome elimination in water frog hybrids from the Pelophylax esculentus complex reproducing through hybridogenesis. Specifically, in the gonads of diploid and triploid hybrids, but not those of the parental species, we revealed micronuclei in the cytoplasm of germ cells. In each micronucleus, only one centromere was detected with antibodies against kinetochore proteins, suggesting that each micronucleus comprises a single chromosome. Using 3D-FISH with species-specific centromeric probe, we determined the role of micronuclei in selective genome elimination. We found that in triploid LLR hybrids, micronuclei preferentially contain P. ridibundus chromosomes, while in diploid hybrids, micronuclei preferentially contain P. lessonae chromosomes. The number of centromere signals in the nuclei suggested that germ cells were aneuploid until they eliminate the whole chromosomal set of one of the parental species. Furthermore, in diploid hybrids, misaligned P. lessonae chromosomes were observed during the metaphase stage of germ cells division, suggesting their possible elimination due to the inability to attach to the spindle and segregate properly. Additionally, we described gonocytes with an increased number of P. ridibundus centromeres, indicating duplication of the genetic material. We conclude that selective genome elimination from germ cells of diploid and triploid hybrids occurs via the gradual elimination of individual chromosomes of one of the parental genomes, which are enclosed within micronuclei.
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Dujsebayeva, T. N. "Checklist of the amphibians of Kazakhstan: A short history of study, taxonomy and issues of actualization." Trudy of the Institute of Zoology RK, 2021, 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54944/ot867xg78.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this article is to briefly describe the history of creation of a recent checklist of amphibians of Kazakhstan. This history as an academic phenomenon begun in the second half of the 18th Century – the time of the scientific travels of Peter Simon Pallas in western Kazakhstan. The very first checklist of amphibians developed for the territory of Kazakhstan was by A.M. Nikolsky in a monograph published in 1918. This forms the basis of all future work and contains scientific names which, for the most part, were interpreted in their correct forms: Ranodon sibiricus, Bombina bombina, Pelobates fuscus, Bufo bufo, Bufo viridis, Rana arvalis, R. asiatica, R. esculenta, and R. temporaria (nine species). Over the next 100 years, in quantitative terms, the checklist did not change much and varied between 10 species and 12 species. Qualitative changes were determined by views on the taxonomic position and phylogenetic relationships of specific and genera: R. amurensis – R. asiatica, Hynobius – Salamandrella, Rana – Pelophylax, for example. Taxonomic revisions carried out over the last two decades, based mainly on molecular genetic analysis, have made serious adjustments to the checklist of amphibian fauna of Kazakhstan. The species composition of the genera Pelobates (P. verspetinus) and Bufotes (B. sitibundus, B. perrini, B. pewzowi) has been determined and intraspecific heterogeneity of Pelophylax ridibundus has been confirmed in the modern concept of cryptic species complexes. This updating has further prospects and the most important tasks are to survey the northern territories of Kazakhstan adjacent to Russia to confirm or reject the presence of Lissotriton vulgaris, R. temporaria and R. amurensis as well as to continue taxonomic studies regarding the composition of the Bufotes viridis and Pelophylax ridibundus complexes.
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Gwiazda, Robert, Andrzej Woźnica, Bartosz Łozowski, Maciej Kostecki, and Adam Flis. "Impact of waterbirds on chemical and biological features of water and sediments of a large, shallow dam reservoir." Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 43, no. 4 (January 1, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13545-014-0160-9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractLarge numbers of Mallard Anas platyrhynchos (max. 10,490 ind.), Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (max. 3,430 ind.) and Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (max. 1,449 ind.) were recorded on the Goczałkowice Reservoir, Poland (2,754 ha). Most of the waterbirds occurred in the backwater of this reservoir. The amount of phosphorus and nitrogen loaded by the most numerous waterbirds into Goczałkowice Reservoir was estimated at 958 kg and 2,621 kg, respectively in 2011 and 1,043 kg and 2,793 kg, respectively in 2012. In 2011 and 2012, the waterbirds introduced a considerable amount of phosphorus, nitrogen and a large number of coliforms into the backwater of the reservoir. The concentration of different forms of phosphorus and nitrogen, chlorophyll-a and bacteria coli in the water was not greater at the site of birds’ concentration (except dissolved organic nitrogen). The concentration of nitrates in the water at the site near the breeding colony of gulls in comparison with the reference site was not different. The amounts of P-tot and N-tot in the sediment were similar at the site affected by waterbirds and at the reference site. The dynamics of water masses was not the reason for the lack of differences between the studied sites.