Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Oxyhémoglobines"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Oxyhémoglobines":
Masse-Biron, J., J. Mercier, J. P. Cano, C. Caillaud, F. Anselme, and C. Préfaut. "Vieillissement et désaturation oxyhémoglobinée du sportif." Science & Sports 5, no. 4 (December 1990): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0765-1597(05)80217-5.
Textoris, L., S. Valentin, A. Maurac, R. Fay, E. Gomez, A. Guillaumot, F. Chabot, O. Sitbon, M. Humbert, and A. Chaouat. "Diminution de la saturation artérielle en oxyhémoglobine chez les patients atteints d’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire sous traitement spécifique." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmra.2020.11.045.
Дисертації з теми "Oxyhémoglobines":
Jlali, Islem. "Le diabète de type 1 et le diabète de type 2, deux acteurs de déconditionnent physique : implication de la fonction pulmonaire et de l'oxygénation musculaire et cérébrale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2023/2023ULILS076.pdf.
Diabetes is a complex metabolic condition characterized by disruption of glucose and lipid metabolism. This metabolic alteration has structural and functional repercussions on several target organs such as the lungs and muscle and cerebral tissue. The literature about impaired pulmonary function as well as muscle and cerebral dysfunction in individuals with diabetes, is very large and sometimes contradictory. Furthermore, these alterations can manifest in daily situations, such as exercise, and are frequently associated with micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Although regular exercise is known to improve glycemic control and consequently limit micro- and macroangiopathy, often individuals with diabetes have limited aerobic fitness and exercise intolerance.The main objective of this thesis work was to evaluate the impact of diabetes and chronic hyperglycemia on several stages of the oxygen transport chain at rest and during exercise in individuals with diabetes free from micro and macrovascular complications.In a first part, we examined the effect of diabetes on pulmonary function at rest, by measuring pulmonary flow and volumes using spirometry, as well as alveolar capillary diffusion capacity. Our results showed that, at rest, people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) had values comparable to those of healthy subjects for alveolar capillary diffusion capacity. Furthermore, in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), lung flow and volumes were similar to those of healthy individuals and were not altered, even after maximal exercise.In a second part, we looked at ventilatory responses and muscle and cerebral oxygenation during maximal incremental exercise. We observed, in individuals with T1D, that tidal volume was reduced during maximal exercise, which could explain the altered maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max). This altered VO2max is also observed in people with T2D who present a reduced deoxyhemolobin (HHb) and a reduced total hemoglobin (Hbtot) reflecting impaired blood volume in the active muscle. Furthermore, in people with T2D, we observedalterations in cerebral hemodynamics, characterized by a decrease in oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and total hemoglobin during maximal exercise.In conclusion, our results highlight that, although alterations in pulmonary function are still absent at rest, subclinical alterations appear in muscle and cerebral oxygenation during exercise in individuals with diabetes, even in the absence of micro and macrovascular complications. The research work of this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the functional limitations observed in individuals with diabetes and opens perspectives for more targeted management of their metabolic and cardiorespiratory health
Mouneimne, Youssef. "Spectroscopie électrique en milieu biologique : étude du globule rouge : étude de l'hydratation des protéines." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10025.
Nedjar, Naïma. "Stabilisation de l'hémoglobine par les solvants organiques : étude de l'auto-oxydation et de la dénaturation thermique." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD367.
Bailleul, Christophe. "Internalisation intraérythrocytaire d'effecteurs allostériques de l'hémoglobine : études in vitro et in vivo." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD305.
Erythrocytic properties may be modified by haemoglobin effector internalization. As a consequence the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to the right and the P50 is increased. Internalization of allosteric effector in mammalian erythrocytes was performed using an osmotic reversible lyses and a resealing solution allowing the rejuvenation of essential erythrocytic metabolites. Inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) is the most powerful of the known allosteric effector of haemoglobin. Optimisation of the most of parameters influencing IHP internalization led to IHP-loaded erythrocytes with intrinsic characteristics closed to native erythrocytes. A 10% decrease of mean cell volume for a P50 increase of 45 torrs was measured for a cellular yield of 65%. The decrease of ATP content was corrected by simultaneous internalization of ATP. The IHP-washing solution selected was 38mM and 250 m0sm. The other parameters are the input dialysis flow or dialysis time, the haemoglobin concentration and the temperature of different steps : 4°C for dyalisis and 37°C forresealing. IHP-loaded erythrocytes transfusions induced in vivo increase of P50 in piglets and mice, with life span similar to native’s one. The isovolemic exchange-transfusion of IHP-loaded erythrocytes at constant hematocrite or under hemodilution conditions leads to a decrease of cardiac activity proportional to the in vivo P50 increase without modifying the tissular oxygen consumption. Potential uses of IHP-loaded erythrocytes in human therapy are concerned with pathological hypoxias and extreme physiological conditions of oxygen delivery
Agbangla, Nounagnon Frutueux. "Vieillissement, contrôle exécutif et exercice physique : Étude des corrélats neurophysiologiques par la spectroscopie proche de l'infrarouge." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT5035.
The cognitive decline that occurs during aging would be reduced by a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness. In this thesis, the underlying neurophysiological correlates of this prophylactic effect of cardiorespiratory fitness have been explored by near-infrared spectroscopy, which allows non-invasive measurement of cerebral hemodynamic activity. The objectives are firstly, to investigate the effects of task complexity, age and cardiorespiratory fitness level on the evolution of different indicators of cognitive performance, subjective perception of task difficulty and cerebral hemodynamic activity. Secondly, to examine the functional relationships that might exist between these different indicators. Throughout three experimental studies using different tasks involving executive control processes, whose level of complexity was manipulated, we measured these different indicators in young adults and seniors with high and low levels of VO2max. The results obtained showed that hemodynamic activity, cognitive performance and subjective perception of difficulty increase significantly as a function of the complexity of the cognitive tasks. This demonstrates the sensitivity of the different indicators to the manipulation of cognitive complexity. Furthermore, advancing in age induces a reduction in cognitive performance and hemodynamic activity but not in the subjective perception of difficulty. Also, our results indicated that cardiorespiratory fitness is linked to an increase in executive performance as well as in hemodynamic activity, only in seniors and for some tasks; the benefits being limited to the updating of working memory. Finally, the overall results have shown a possible link between hemodynamic activity and cognitive performance selective to young adults and seniors with a high level of VO2max when the experimental task is particularly complex; thus when the cognitive load is high. In sum, this work provides support for the understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the prophylactic effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on the decline of the updating of working memory during normal aging
Messier, Kevin. "L’oxymétrie du nerf optique, un biomarqueur potentiel pour le glaucome." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23589.
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by loss of the retinal nerve fibers layer. This disease causes a decrease in the visual field that can lead to blindness. The main risk factor for glaucoma is the increase of intraocular pressure. However, not all glaucoma patients have an elevated intraocular pressure and many patients continue to progress despite good intraocular pressure control with current therapies. Several authors have focused on the hemodynamic components of the eye. They obtained significant differences in these factors between normal and glaucoma patients. Ocular oximetry is technology that can non-invasively measure oxygen saturation of eye tissues. Several studies have verified the association between ocular oximetry and glaucoma. The Zilia device uses diffuse spectroscopic reflectance to measure oxygen saturation at a specific point. The objective of this study was to verify the repeatability of the oximetry measurements on the head of the optic nerve obtained with the Zilia device and to study the acquisition in order to determine the characteristics necessary to obtain it optimally. Also, we measured the oxygen saturation (SaO2) on the optic nerve of normal subjects and compared it with patients with glaucoma. Additionally, the SaO2 was correlated with different variables affected by glaucoma. This is a prospective repeated-measures and case-cohort study. Participants were recruited at the Laurentian Eye Institute (IOL). They completed a complete eye exam under pupil dilation including a blood pressure measurement with an automated device and the pulse oximetry was obtained by a pulse oximeter (SpO2). The ocular oximetry measures was acquired by the Zilia imaging system on the temporal side of the optic nerve. No statistically significant differences were observed between the average of three SaO2 measurements at the optic nerve. For the duration of the acquisition, the data analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the 5 seconds acquisition compared to the other acquisition duration. There was no statistically significant difference between the average of the first measurement obtained before and after the use of the data optimization technique. The result showed a significant difference in the SaO2 values between glaucomatous participants and normal. We also see a correlation statistically significantly between the SaO2 values and the global RNFL. This study is one of the first one done with the Zilia device. The average value of SaO2 obtained at a specific point of the optic nerve acquired by the Zilia device are repeatable and a 10-second acquisition could provide a precise value. Also, the SaO2 measured with the Zilia imaging system on the optic nerve is significantly lower in glaucoma patients compared to normal patients. More studies are needed to really establish the role of that device in the diagnostic and fully up of patients with glaucoma.
Vucea, Valentina. "Les dérivées de l’hémoglobine dans la structure rétinienne par la technique de réflectométrie multi-spectrale." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12732.
Hilal, Jessy. "Étude sur l’oxygénation des lits capillaires du disque optique au cours du cycle menstruel chez les femmes." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8347.
Postmenopausal women, when compared to men from the same age group, are more prone to develop ocular disease. It is thought that long term hormonal changes caused by ovarian senescence, and especially the drop in estradiol, are the etiological mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs. Whether variations in the levels of endogenous sexual hormones can produce short term effects in the tissues of the eye is less understood and, therefore, constitutes the main reason for carrying out the present study. Given that non menopausal women have repeated short term changes in the levels of sex steroid hormones during their menstrual cycle, we have recruited such women as study subjects. We also reviewed the scientific literature to establish what would be the parameter of interest and found a well characterised phenomenon: estrogens promote vasodilation by increasing nitrogen oxide production and thus promote a rise in blood flow. As to measuring variations in blood flow within the eye, it was explained in the discussion of the present memoir that changes in the oxygenation of an organ with a constant metabolism are induced by changes in the blood flow irrigating that organ. Using a method based on spectroreflectometry, it is possible to measure oxyhaemoglobin levels (HbO2) in the capillaries of the optic disc. By studying the variation of the HbO2 levels during the menstrual cycle, we can appreciate the effect of the cyclic hormonal changes on the ocular blood flow. The supply in oxygen and nutrients brought to an organ by its blood flow is essential for its metabolism. Therefore, the discovery of a correlation between sex hormone levels and the oxygenation of the retina would prove to be an important step towards understanding the higher frequency of certain ocular diseases in postmenopausal women, as compared to men of the same age group. The results of our study show that HbO2 levels in the capillary beds of the optic disc do not undergo statistically significant variations during the menstrual cycle. The same results were found, during a similar observational period, for male subjects used in the study as controls. These results suggest that cyclic variations in the levels of sex hormones, which occur only in nonmenaopausal women, do not induce significant changes in the oxygenation of the optic disc. In short, despite the possible effect of estrogens on the arteriolar diameter, it seems that local regulatory mechanisms of the blood flow maintain a tissue in a state of equilibrium that is adapted to its specific metabolic demand.