Статті в журналах: "Orientation sensitivity"

1

Husk, J. S., P. C. Huang, and R. F. Hess. "Orientation coherence sensitivity." Journal of Vision 12, no. 6 (June 12, 2012): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/12.6.18.

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2

Strong, Kristen, Kei Kurosawa, and Nestor Matthews. "Hastening orientation sensitivity." Journal of Vision 6, no. 5 (May 12, 2006): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/6.5.11.

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3

Matthews, N., K. Kurosawa, and K. Strong. "Hastening orientation sensitivity." Journal of Vision 6, no. 6 (March 18, 2010): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/6.6.157.

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4

Danilov, Yuri, Rodney J. Moore, Von R. King, and Peter D. Spear. "Are neurons in cat posteromedial lateral suprasylvian visual cortex orientation sensitive? Tests with bars and gratings." Visual Neuroscience 12, no. 1 (January 1995): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800007379.

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AbstractThere is controversy in the literature concerning whether or not neurons in the cat's posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) visual cortex are orientation selective. Previous studies that have tested cells with simple bar stimuli have found that few, if any, PMLS cells are orientation selective. Conversely, studies that have used repetitive stimuli such as gratings have found that most or all PMLS cells are orientation selective. It is not known whether this difference in results is due to the stimuli used or the laboratories using them. The present experiments were designed to answer this question by testing individual PMLS neurons for orientation sensitivity with both bar and grating stimuli. Using quantitative response measures, we found that most PMLS neurons respond well enough to stationary flashed stimuli to use such stimuli to test for orientation sensitivity. On the basis of these tests, we found that about 85% of the cells with well-defined receptive fields are orientation sensitive to flashed gratings, and a similar percentage are orientation sensitive to flashed bars. About 80% of the cells were orientation sensitive to both types of stimuli. The preferred orientations typically were similar for the two tests, and they were orthogonal to the preferred direction of movement. The strength of the orientation sensitivity (measured as the ratio of discharge to the preferred and nonpreferred orientations) was similar to both types of stimuli. However, the width of the orientation tuning curves was systematically broader to bars than to gratings. Several hypotheses are considered as to why previous studies using bars failed to find evidence for orientation sensitivity. In addition, a mechanism for the difference in orientation tuning to bars and gratings is suggested.

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5

Hood, Bruce, Janette Atkinson, Oliver Braddick, and John Wattam-Bell. "Orientation Selectivity in Infancy: Behavioural Evidence for Temporal Sensitivity." Perception 21, no. 3 (June 1992): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p210351.

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One-month-old infants were tested with a habituation—recovery paradigm to determine whether they could discriminate phase-shifting grating patterns that switched between two orientations, three or eight times a second, from grating patterns that only shifted in phase. The infants were found to discriminate patterns switching orientation at the lower temporal rate of 3 reversals s−1, but not 8 reversals s−1. This finding supports the idea that orientation-selective mechanisms improve in their temporal sensitivity during early infancy. Where they can be compared, the results from behavioural and electrophysiological studies agree as to the course of this development.

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6

Bondarko, V. M. "The Tilt Illusion and Orientation Sensitivity." Human Physiology 46, no. 3 (May 2020): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0362119720020036.

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7

Rhodes, Gillian, Emma Evangelista, and Linda Jeffery. "Orientation-sensitivity of face identity aftereffects." Vision Research 49, no. 19 (September 2009): 2379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2009.07.010.

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8

Nothdurft, H. C. "Orientation sensitivity and texture segmentation in patterns with different line orientation." Vision Research 25, no. 4 (January 1985): 551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(85)90159-2.

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9

Kitanovski, Vlado, Alastair Reed, Kristyn Falkenstern, and Marius Pedersen. "Measurement of CIELAB spatio-chromatic contrast sensitivity in different spatial and chromatic directions." Color and Imaging Conference 2019, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-2629.2019.27.59.

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This paper presents data on CIELAB chromatic contrast sensitivity collected in a psychophysical experiment. To complement previously published data in the low-frequency range, we selected five spatial frequencies in the range from 2.4 to 19.1 cycles per degree (cpd). A Gabor stimulus was modulated along six chromatic directions in the a*-b* plane. We also investigated the impact on contrast sensitivity from spatial orientations – both vertically and diagonally oriented stimuli were used. The analysis of the collected data showed lowest contrast sensitivity in the chromatic direction of around 120° from the positive a*-axis. The contrast sensitivity in the diagonal spatial orientation is slightly lower when compared to the vertical orientation.

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10

Kitterle, Frederick L., and Russell S. Kaye. "Hemispheric symmetry in contrast and orientation sensitivity." Perception & Psychophysics 37, no. 5 (September 1985): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03202869.

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11

Romagnano, V., A. Sokolov, A. Fallgatter, and M. Pavlova. "Face sensitivity: Effects of gender and orientation." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1957.

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IntroductionResearch on face tuning is of particular relevance during the Covid-19 pandemic leading to social isolation and anxiety, but also requiring social integrity. Face sensitivity represents an essential component of social competence. This ability is aberrant in most neuropsychiatric conditions. Studies in typically developing individuals enable to develop new tools for examination and better understanding non-verbal social cognition in neuropsychiatry.ObjectivesHere we used a novel set of Face-n-Thing images to address the following issues: (i) whether the ability to seeing faces in non-face images (face pareidolia) is affected by gender; and (ii) whether it is altered with changing display orientation. The main advantage of Face-n-Thing images is that face tuning occurs without being explicitly fostered by familiar elements.MethodsA newly developed Face-n-Thing task, on which images were shown either with canonical upright orientation or inverted 180º in the image plane, was administered to healthy females and males. On each trial, they have to indicate whether they have a face impression.ResultsFace impression was substantially impeded by display inversion in both males and females. With upright display orientation, no gender differences were found, whereas with inversion, Face-n-Thing images elicited face impression in females significantly more often.ConclusionsThe findings open a way for examination of face sensitivity and underwriting brain networks in neuropsychiatric conditions, most of which are gender-specific. Display inversion represents a proper control for face tuning in neuroimaging studies. Gender differences should be taken into account when conceiving studies in neuropsychiatric populations.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

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12

Scott-Samuel, N. E., and R. F. Hess. "Orientation sensitivity in human visual motion processing." Vision Research 42, no. 5 (March 2002): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00275-9.

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13

Lübke, Katrin, Sylvia Schablitzky, and Bettina M. Pause. "Male Sexual Orientation Affects Sensitivity to Androstenone." Chemosensory Perception 2, no. 3 (May 13, 2009): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12078-009-9047-3.

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14

Dick, J. J. "Orientation-dependent explosion sensitivity of solid nitromethane." Journal of Physical Chemistry 97, no. 23 (June 1993): 6193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100125a017.

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15

Tootle, J. S., and M. A. Berkley. "Orientation sensitivity of the cat assessed from evoked potentials: central and peripheral contributions." Journal of Neurophysiology 53, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 1287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1985.53.5.1287.

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To estimate contour-orientation sensitivity of the cat and the degree to which precortical processing contributes to such estimates, the amplitude of visually evoked potentials (VEP) recorded from the visual cortex of cats in response to a visual stimulus (S2) presented at various intervals after presentation of another visual stimulus (S1) was measured under several conditions. Recordings were made when both stimuli were presented through one eye (monoptic condition) or when S1 was presented to one eye and S2 to the other (dichoptic condition). In some experiments, simultaneous recordings were made from the optic tract and visual cortex. The stimuli were pairs of sinusoidal gratings with a spatial frequency of 0.5 cycles/deg and of various orientations. Each stimulus was presented by stepping the grating contrast from 0.0 (adapting field) to 0.5 for 50 ms. The intervals between the presentation of the two test stimuli (S1 and S2) was varied from 0 to 1,550 ms, and on different trials the orientation of the S2 grating relative to that of S1 was varied from 0 to 90 degrees. Results showed that under monoptic conditions, the VEP to the second stimulus (S2) was reduced by presentation of the first stimulus (S1) when the interstimulus interval was less than 200 ms, whereas under dichoptic conditions, the response to S2 was reduced with interstimulus intervals less than 75 ms. The response reduction was always in a forward direction (e.g., reduced S2 response), increased in magnitude with decreases in the interstimulus interval, and was larger under monoptic conditions than under dichoptic conditions. The response reduction produced monoptically was orientation selective in that it was greatest when the orientation of S1 and S2 was the same, and it recovered by half when the orientation differed by 6 to 15 degrees (orientation half-band pass). In some cortical recordings, the orientation-selective response reduction was superimposed on a response reduction that was not selective for S2 orientation. Stimultaneous recording in the optic tract also showed a response reduction of S2 response that was not orientation selective, suggesting that precortical neural elements contribute to the cortical VEP. With dichoptic stimulus presentation an orientation-nonspecific response reduction was obtained. We hypothesized that binocular inhibitory effects, resulting from disparate retinal input, produced this surprising finding. The results demonstrate that the VEP recorded at the cortex can be used to estimate orientation sensitivity, but that response interactions in peripheral (precortical) neural elements can contribute to such estimates.

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16

Wang, Andong, Chao Li, Zhong Jin, and Qibin Zhao. "Robust Tensor Decomposition via Orientation Invariant Tubal Nuclear Norms." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 04 (April 3, 2020): 6102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.6074.

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Low-rank tensor recovery has been widely applied to computer vision and machine learning. Recently, tubal nuclear norm (TNN) based optimization is proposed with superior performance as compared to other tensor nuclear norms. However, one major limitation is its orientation sensitivity due to low-rankness strictly defined along tubal orientation and it cannot simultaneously model spectral low-rankness in multiple orientations. To this end, we introduce two new tensor norms called OITNN-O and OITNN-L to exploit multi-orientational spectral low-rankness for an arbitrary K-way (K ≥ 3) tensors. We further formulate two robust tensor decomposition models via the proposed norms and develop two algorithms as the solutions. Theoretically, we establish non-asymptotic error bounds which can predict the scaling behavior of the estimation error. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed norms.

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17

Vaitkevičius, Henrikas, Algimantas Švegžda, Rytis Stanikūnas, Remigijus Bliumas, Alvydas Šoliūnas, and Janus J. Kulikowski. "Neural Model of Coding Stimulus Orientation and Adaptation." Neural Computation 32, no. 4 (April 2020): 711–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01269.

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The coding of line orientation in the visual system has been investigated extensively. During the prolonged viewing of a stimulus, the perceived orientation continuously changes (normalization effect). Also, the orientation of the adapting stimulus and the background stimuli influence the perceived orientation of the subsequently displayed stimulus: tilt after-effect (TAE) or tilt illusion (TI). The neural mechanisms of these effects are not fully understood. The proposed model includes many local analyzers, each consisting of two sets of neurons. The first set has two independent cardinal detectors (CDs), whose responses depend on stimulus orientation. The second set has many orientation detectors (OD) tuned to different orientations of the stimulus. The ODs sum up the responses of the two CDs with respective weightings and output a preferred orientation depending on the ratio of CD responses. It is suggested that during prolonged viewing, the responses of the CDs decrease: the greater the excitation of the detector, the more rapid the decrease in its response. Thereby, the ratio of CD responses changes during the adaptation, causing the normalization effect and the TAE. The CDs of the different local analyzers laterally inhibit each other and cause the TI. We show that the properties of this model are consistent with both psychophysical and neurophysiological findings related to the properties of orientation perception, and we investigate how these mechanisms can affect the orientation's sensitivity.

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18

Mathmann, Frank, E. Tory Higgins, Mathew Chylinski, and Ko de Ruyter. "When Size Matters: Sensitivity to Missed Opportunity Size Increases With Stronger Assessment." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 43, no. 10 (July 12, 2017): 1427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167217717244.

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This research shows that the strength of assessment orientation, defined as the “aspect of self-regulation concerned with critically evaluating entities or states,” increases a person’s sensitivity to the size of a missed opportunity. Study 1 revealed that the experimental induction of an assessment orientation reduced the likelihood to act on a present offer after missing out on a large opportunity. Following a small missed opportunity, on the contrary, seizing the present offer was more likely. Studies 2 and 3 generalized this effect to chronic assessment orientations. In Study 4, the findings were replicated in a field study, which also demonstrated that differential value judgments explain assessors’ sensitivity to the size of a missed opportunity.

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19

Mokhtaruddin, Suraya Akmar, Che Aniza Che Wel, and Nor Rahimy Khalid. "Employee Rhetorical Sensitivity as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Customer Orientation and Customer Retention." South East Asian Journal of Management 13, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/seam.v13i2.11346.

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"Research Aims: The current study proposes to fill in the gap in customer orientation literature by focusing on the relationship between customer orientation, employee rhetorical sensitivity and customer retention from the customer perspective. Design/methodology/approach: The questionnaires were distributed at the KLIA and KLIA2 among experienced customer of travel agency, where the respondents were selected using convenience sampling. Research Findings: The finding indicates that customer orientation and employee rhetorical sensitivity has positively influence customer retention. Additionally, employee rhetorical sensitivity partially mediates the relationship between customer orientation and customer retention. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Academically, this study contributes to the literature of customer orientation and rhetorical sensitivity. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian context: Practically, it will lead to better understanding of customer orientation as well as employee rhetorical sensitivity in enhancing travel agency’s services in Malaysia and South East Asian Country. Research limitation & implications: This study only focuses on customer orientation and employee rhetorical sensitivity as a predictor of customer orientation. It also employs a cross-sectional research design, which only measures the phenomenon once."

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20

Tao, X., B. Zhang, E. L. Smith, S. Nishimoto, I. Ohzawa, and Y. M. Chino. "Local sensitivity to stimulus orientation and spatial frequency within the receptive fields of neurons in visual area 2 of macaque monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 107, no. 4 (February 15, 2012): 1094–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00640.2011.

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We used dynamic dense noise stimuli and local spectral reverse correlation methods to reveal the local sensitivities of neurons in visual area 2 (V2) of macaque monkeys to orientation and spatial frequency within their receptive fields. This minimized the potentially confounding assumptions that are inherent in stimulus selections. The majority of neurons exhibited a relatively high degree of homogeneity for the preferred orientations and spatial frequencies in the spatial matrix of facilitatory subfields. However, about 20% of all neurons showed maximum orientation differences between neighboring subfields that were greater than 25 deg. The neurons preferring horizontal or vertical orientations showed less inhomogeneity in space than the neurons preferring oblique orientations. Over 50% of all units also exhibited suppressive profiles, and those were more heterogeneous than facilitatory profiles. The preferred orientation and spatial frequency of suppressive profiles differed substantially from those of facilitatory profiles, and the neurons with suppressive subfields had greater orientation selectivity than those without suppressive subfields. The peak suppression occurred with longer delays than the peak facilitation. These results suggest that the receptive field profiles of the majority of V2 neurons reflect the orderly convergence of V1 inputs over space, but that a subset of V2 neurons exhibit more complex response profiles having both suppressive and facilitatory subfields. These V2 neurons with heterogeneous subfield profiles could play an important role in the initial processing of complex stimulus features.

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21

COPPOLA, DAVID M., and LEONARD E. WHITE. "Visual experience promotes the isotropic representation of orientation preference." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 1 (January 2004): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804041045.

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Within the visual cortex of several mammalian species, more circuitry is devoted to the representation of vertical and horizontal orientations than oblique orientations. The sensitivity of this representation of orientation preference to visual experience during cortical maturation and the overabundance of cardinal contours in the environment suggest that vision promotes the development of this cortical anisotropy. We tested this idea by measuring the distribution of cortical orientation preference and the degree of orientation selectivity in developing normal and dark-reared ferrets using intrinsic signal optical imaging. The area of the angle map of orientation preference representing cardinal and oblique orientations was determined; in addition, orientation selectivity indices were computed separately for cardinal and oblique difference images. In normal juvenile animals, we confirm a small, but statistically significant overrepresentation of near horizontal orientations in the cortical angle map. However, the degree of anisotropy did not increase in the weeks that followed eye opening when orientation selectivity matured; rather, it decreased. In dark-reared ferrets, an even greater cortical anisotropy emerged, but angle maps in these animals developed an apparently anomalous overrepresentation of near vertical orientations. Thus, the overrepresentation of cardinal orientations in the visual cortex does not require experience with an anisotropic visual environment; indeed, cortical anisotropy can develop in the complete absence of vision. These observations suggest that the role of visual experience in cortical maturation is to promote the isotropic representation of orientation preference.

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22

Puertas, S., M. Moros, R. Fernández-Pacheco, M. R. Ibarra, V. Grazú, and J. M. de la Fuente. "Designing novel nano-immunoassays: antibody orientation versus sensitivity." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 43, no. 47 (November 11, 2010): 474012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/43/47/474012.

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23

Zhang, Xueqing, Chonglong Cao, and Anja Bieberle-Hütter. "Orientation Sensitivity of Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Hematite." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120, no. 50 (December 12, 2016): 28694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10553.

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24

Matthews, Nestor, Zili Liu, and Ning Qian. "The effect of orientation learning on contrast sensitivity." Vision Research 41, no. 4 (February 2001): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00269-8.

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25

Passaglia, Christopher L., John B. Troy, Lukas Rüttiger, and Barry B. Lee. "Orientation sensitivity of ganglion cells in primate retina." Vision Research 42, no. 6 (March 2002): 683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00312-1.

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26

Ben-Shahar, Ohad, and Steven W. Zucker. "Sensitivity to curvatures in orientation-based texture segmentation." Vision Research 44, no. 3 (February 2004): 257–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2003.08.018.

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27

Enns, James T., and Ronald A. Rensink. "Sensitivity to Three-Dimensional Orientation in Visual Search." Psychological Science 1, no. 5 (September 1990): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1990.tb00227.x.

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28

Knill, David C., and Daniel Kersten. "Visuomotor Sensitivity to Visual Information About Surface Orientation." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 3 (March 2004): 1350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00184.2003.

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We measured human visuomotor sensitivity to visual information about three-dimensional surface orientation by analyzing movements made to place an object on a slanted surface. We applied linear discriminant analysis to the kinematics of subjects' movements to surfaces with differing slants (angle away form the fronto-parallel) to derive visuomotor d′s for discriminating surfaces differing in slant by 5°. Subjects' visuomotor sensitivity to information about surface orientation was very high, with discrimination “thresholds” ranging from 2 to 3 degrees. In a first experiment, we found that subjects performed only slightly better using binocular cues alone than monocular texture cues and that they showed only weak evidence for combining the cues when both were available, suggesting that monocular cues can be just as effective in guiding motor behavior in depth as binocular cues. In a second experiment, we measured subjects' perceptual discrimination and visuomotor thresholds in equivalent stimulus conditions to decompose visuomotor sensitivity into perceptual and motor components. Subjects' visuomotor thresholds were found to be slightly greater than their perceptual thresholds for a range of memory delays, from 1 to 3 s. The data were consistent with a model in which perceptual noise increases with increasing delay between stimulus presentation and movement initiation, but motor noise remains constant. This result suggests that visuomotor and perceptual systems rely on the same visual estimates of surface slant for memory delays ranging from 1 to 3 s.

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29

Philpott, D. R. "A variable sensitivity and orientation colour schlieren system." Experiments in Fluids 29, no. 1 (July 5, 2000): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480050425.

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30

Kingdom, Frederick A. A., David Keeble, and Bernard Moulden. "Sensitivity to orientation modulation in micropattern-based textures." Vision Research 35, no. 1 (January 1995): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(94)e0079-z.

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31

Ahlfors, Seppo P., Jooman Han, John W. Belliveau, and Matti S. Hämäläinen. "Sensitivity of MEG and EEG to Source Orientation." Brain Topography 23, no. 3 (July 18, 2010): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10548-010-0154-x.

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Hodson, Gordon, and Kimberly Costello. "Interpersonal Disgust, Ideological Orientations, and Dehumanization as Predictors of Intergroup Attitudes." Psychological Science 18, no. 8 (August 2007): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01962.x.

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Disgust is a basic emotion characterized by revulsion and rejection, yet it is relatively unexamined in the literature on prejudice. In the present investigation, interpersonal-disgust sensitivity (e.g., not wanting to wear clean used clothes or to sit on a warm seat vacated by a stranger) in particular predicted negative attitudes toward immigrants, foreigners, and socially deviant groups, even after controlling for concerns with contracting disease. The mechanisms underlying the link between interpersonal disgust and attitudes toward immigrants were explored using a path model. As predicted, the effect of interpersonal-disgust sensitivity on group attitudes was indirect, mediated by ideological orientations (social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism) and dehumanizing perceptions of the out-group. The effects of social dominance orientation on group attitudes were both direct and indirect, via dehumanization. These results establish a link between disgust sensitivity and prejudice that is not accounted for by fear of infection, but rather is mediated by ideological orientations and dehumanizing group representations. Implications for understanding and reducing prejudice are discussed.

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Appelle, Stuart, and Martin Countryman. "Eliminating the Haptic Oblique Effect: Influence of Scanning Incongruity and Prior Knowledge of the Standards." Perception 15, no. 3 (June 1986): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p150325.

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Although the oblique effect has been conceptualized as a purely visual phenomenon, recent studies report its occurrence in a haptic matching task and present the hypothesis that differences in haptic orientational sensitivity might be responsible for the results. The possibility that procedural variables could be responsible was investigated. Specifically, the effect of prior knowledge of the stimulus orientation standards and of use of bilateral haptic exploration of standard and comparison orientations was examined. The results indicate that the reported oblique effect is reduced either when subjects are not informed which orientations will be tested, or when a unilateral matching procedure instead of a bilateral one is used. When both conditions are combined, the haptic oblique effect is eliminated. It is concluded that this particular manifestation of the oblique effect is not related to haptic sensitivity, but stems from (i) the use of well-established imagery as referent for a match (imagery for oblique stimulus orientations is inferior) and (ii) the inherently different scanning patterns required in bilateral exploration of obliques (percepts of standard and comparison obliques will be necessarily different).

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Lawson, Rebecca. "An Investigation into the Cause of Orientation-Sensitivity in Haptic Object Recognition." Seeing and Perceiving 24, no. 3 (2011): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847511x579052.

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AbstractObject orientation influences visual and haptic recognition differently. This could be caused by the two modalities accessing different object representations or it could be due to differences in how each modality acquires information. These two alternatives were investigated using sequential haptic matching tasks. Matches presented the same object twice. Mismatches presented two similarly-shaped objects. Objects were either both placed at the same orientation or were rotated 90° in depth from each other. Experiment 1 manipulated exploration time to test if longer durations weakened orientation-sensitivity by allowing orientation-invariant representations to be extracted. This hypothesis was not supported. Experiment 2 investigated whether the same-orientation advantage resulted from general spatial or motor action cueing rather than the involvement of orientation-specific object representations. To distinguish between these two possibilities, people did a secondary task interleaved within the matching task. They reported the orientation of a fork or spoon which was presented in between the first and second objects. The main axis of the fork/spoon was the same as that of the final object, equating spatial and motor cueing across the same-orientation and orientation-change conditions. Nevertheless, matching remained orientation-sensitive. Together these results suggest that there are separate visual and haptic stored, orientation-specific perceptual representations of objects.

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LI, YAQI, and Yun-Young Na. "Correlations among Values, Appearance Perception and Scalp & Hair Care Behavior in Young Chinese Women in their 20-30s." Korean Society of Beauty and Art 23, no. 2 (June 20, 2022): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18693/jksba.2022.23.2.47.

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This study attempted to investigate the influence of values on appearance perception and scalp & hair care behavior against Chinese women. An online survey was conducted through WEN JUAN XING from September 11 to 30, 2021 among adult women in their 20-30s in Liaoning Province, China. Among 430 questionnaires distributed, 328 copies were collected. Then, 289 copies were used for the final analysis, excluding 39 poorly answered ones. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS WIN 21.0. The above results confirm that ‘self-achievement orientation’, ‘sensitivity orientation’, and ‘social-relationship orientation’ are important factors affecting appearance perception. In addition, ‘material orientation’ was a key factor that affected ‘appearance perception’. Furthermore, ‘practice orientation’, ‘sensitivity orientation’, and ‘social-relationship orientation’ influenced ‘scalp & hair care behavior’. In particular, ‘sensitivity orientation’ and ‘social-relationship orientation’ were key factors affecting ‘appearance perception’ and ‘scalp & hair care behavior’. It is also confirmed that ‘self-achievement orientation’ and ‘material orientation’ were important factors.

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Atoyebi, Taibat A., Murtala A. O. Mustafa, and Moruf A. Mobolaji. "An Assessment of Ethical Sensitivity of Professional Accountants in Nigeria." Business and Management Studies 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v4i1.3019.

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This study assessed the ethical sensitivity of Professional accountants in Nigeria with particular reference to members of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (ICAN) and the Association of National Accountants of Nigeria (ANAN). Professional Commitment, Organizational Commitment, Idealistic and Relativist ethical orientations and their effects on ethical sensitivity of the professional accountants were examined. The descriptive research design was adopted while data were collected through the Accountants’ Ethical Sensitivity Scale Questionnaire (AESS) questionnaire administered to 250 professional accountants. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyse the collected data. The results revealed that there exists an insignificant negative relationship between professional commitment and professional accountants’ ethical sensitivity while idealistic ethical orientation has a significant negative relationship with professional accountants’ ethical sensitivity. However, relativist ethical orientations and organizational commitment have a significant positive effect on professional accountants’ ethical sensitivity.

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Widyanti, Ari, and Dewi Regamalela. "The Influence of Monochronic/Polychronic Time Orientation on Temporal Demand and Subjective Mental Workload." Timing & Time Perception 7, no. 3 (August 9, 2019): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-20191151.

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The sensitivity of mental workload measures is influenced by cultural and individual factors. One individual factor that is hypothesized to influence mental workload is time orientation. The aim of this study is to observe the influence of time orientation on temporal demand and subjective mental workload. One hundred and two participants representing three different time orientations, namely monochronic, neutral, and polychronic orientations, assessed using the Modified Polychronic Attitude Index 3 (MPAI3), voluntarily participated in this study. Participants were instructed to complete a search and count task in four different conditions with varying degrees of difficulty. Mental workload was assessed using subjective (NASA-TLX) and objective (heart rate variability, or HRV) methods and analyzed for each condition. The results show that, with comparable performance and comparable HRV, monochronic participants show higher sensitivity than neutral or polychronic participants in subjective mental workload, particularly the temporal demand dimension. The implications are discussed.

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Rista, Lucinda Amanda, and Erry Andhaniwati. "Auditor Sensitivity Factors in Public Accountant Offices in Surabaya." Journal of Economics, Business, and Government Challenges 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/ebgc.v2i2.91.

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This study aims to determine the effect of experience, ethical orientation, and commitment to the ethical sensitivity of auditors at public accounting firms in Surabaya. In implementing the code of ethics, an auditor is required to be sensitive in seeing problems that occur. Ethical sensitivity must be possessed by the auditor before making ethical decisions. This will determine the quality of the decisions taken by the auditor. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to 43 public accounting firms in Surabaya, and only 21 public accounting firms were willing to accept the questionnaire. Based on the results of the t test, showed that a significant level of experience 0.023 <0.05, ethical orientation idealism 0.012 <0.05, ethical orientation relativism 0.000 <0.05, professional commitment 0.041 <0.05, organizational commitment 0.042 <0.05. The results of this study are the experience and ethical orientation of relativism has a negative effect on the ethical sensitivity of auditors at public accounting firms in Surabaya. The ethical orientation of idealism, professional commitment, and organizational commitment has a positive effect on sensitivity at the Public Accounting Firm in Surabaya.

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Huang, Yu-Shan (Sandy), and Tom J. Brown. "How does customer orientation influence authentic emotional display?" Journal of Services Marketing 30, no. 3 (May 9, 2016): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-12-2014-0402.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how customer orientation affects frontline service workers’ deep acting and to what extent the effect is moderated by the severity of dysfunctional customer behavior (DCB). Service organizations usually want their employees to demonstrate sincere emotions during customer encounters. Design/methodology/approach The study employed a mixed method design using measured variables (e.g. customer orientation) and a scenario-based manipulated variable (i.e. DCB severity). Data from 237 service workers were used to investigate the theoretical model. Findings Results showed that perspective taking and emotional sensitivity mediate the positive effect of customer orientation on deep acting. Furthermore, the influence of emotional sensitivity on deep acting is positive when DCB is less severe, but becomes non-significant when DCB becomes severe. Research limitations/implications Because the DCB severity is manipulated as a single event, future research can examine its influence based on employees’ experiences. Also, future studies may investigate other mechanisms to explain customer orientation’s effects on deep acting. Practical implications This paper provides service organizations an understanding of the key roles of emotional sensitivity and perspective taking in driving deep acting as well as the importance of monitoring DCB severity. Originality/value The study is one of the first in marketing to examine the different influences of DCB severity on important employee outcomes. This study also identifies two important mediators to explain how customer orientation drives deep acting.

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Désilets, Élise, Benoit Brisson, and Sébastien Hétu. "Sensitivity to social norm violation is related to political orientation." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): e0242996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242996.

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Human behavior is framed by several social structures. In the present study, we focus on two of the most important determinants of social structures: social norms and political orientation. Social norms are implicit models of shared expectations about how people should behave in different social contexts. Although humans are very sensitive to violations in social norms, there are important individual differences in our sensitivity to these violations. The second concept this study focuses on is political orientation that is define by a continuum from left (liberal) to right (conservative). Individual political orientation has been found to be related to various individual traits, such as cognitive style or sensitivity to negative stimuli. Here, we propose to study the relation between sensitivity to social norm violation and political orientation. Participants completed a task presenting scenarios with different degrees of social norm violation and a questionnaire to measure their political opinions on economic and identity issues. Using hierarchical regressions, we show that individual differences in sensitivity to social norm violation are partly explained by political orientation, and more precisely by the identity axis. The more individuals have right-oriented political opinions, the more they are sensitive to social norm violation, even when multiple demographics variables are considered. Our results suggest that political orientation, especially according to identity issues, is a significant factor of individual differences in social norm processing.

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Jacobs, Christianne, Charlotte Raskopf, Kirsten Petras, and Valerie Goffaux. "High-level image structure modulates low-level orientation sensitivity." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.748.

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Vigil, Jacob M., Lauren N. Rowell, and Charlotte Lutz. "Gender Expression, Sexual Orientation and Pain Sensitivity in Women." Pain Research and Management 19, no. 2 (2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/297060.

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BACKGROUND: Despite a growing body of literature investigating sex differences with regard to pain, surprisingly little research has been conducted on the influence of various aspects of self-identity, including gender expression and sexual orientation, on pain sensitivity within each sex, particularly among women. In men, dispositional femininity is linked to greater clinical pain and trait masculinity is associated with higher pain thresholds.OBJECTIVES: To examine whether gender expression and sexual orientation are associated with within-sex differences in ischemic pain sensitivity in healthy young women.METHODS: A convenience sample of 172 females (mean age 21.4 years; range 18 to 30 years of age; 56.0% white, 89% heterosexual) performed an ischemic pain task in counterbalanced order. Desired levels of dispositional femininity for a preferred romantic partner and self-described levels of personal dispositional femininity were measured.RESULTS: Compared with heterosexual women, lesbian and bisexual women reported lower pain intensity ratings early in the discomfort task. Irrespective of sexual orientation, attraction to more feminine romantic partners and dispositional masculinity were correlated with lower pain intensity, and with higher pain thresholds and tolerance levels.DISCUSSION: These preliminary findings suggest that within-sex differences in sexual orientation and other aspects of identity, irrespective of biological sex, may be important to consider when examining experimental pain performance and clinical pain experiences.CONCLUSION: Larger investigations of the psychophysiological relationships among sexual orientation, gender expression and pain sensitivity are warranted. These findings may have implications for differences in clinical pain sensitivity of lesbian and bisexual women compared with heterosexual women.

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Psalta, L., A. W. Young, P. Thompson, and T. J. Andrews. "Orientation-sensitivity to facial features explains the Thatcher illusion." Journal of Vision 14, no. 12 (October 9, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.12.9.

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Bloem, Ilona, Taryn Janati, and Sam Ling. "Attentional modulation interacts with orientation anisotropies in contrast sensitivity." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.220.

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Cheadle, Sam, Tobias Egner, Valentin Wyart, Claire Wu, and Christopher Summerfield. "Feature expectation heightens visual sensitivity during fine orientation discrimination." Journal of Vision 15, no. 14 (October 27, 2015): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.14.14.

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Tahir, Humza J., Neil R. A. Parry, Arun Brahma, Khalid Ikram, and Ian J. Murray. "Contrast sensitivity based orientation changes in refractive surgery patients." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 29, no. 3 (May 2009): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.2009.00659.x.

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Rice, Nichola J., Kenneth F. Valyear, Melvyn A. Goodale, A. David Milner, and Jody C. Culham. "Orientation sensitivity to graspable objects: An fMRI adaptation study." NeuroImage 36 (2007): T87—T93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.032.

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Trilling, Anke K., Thamara Hesselink, Adèle van Houwelingen, Jan H. G. Cordewener, Maarten A. Jongsma, Sanne Schoffelen, Jan C. M. van Hest, Han Zuilhof, and Jules Beekwilder. "Orientation of llama antibodies strongly increases sensitivity of biosensors." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 60 (October 2014): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2014.04.017.

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Kumar, Gautam, Delsin Menolascino, and ShiNung Ching. "Sensitivity of linear systems to input orientation and novelty." Automatica 93 (July 2018): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2018.03.006.

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Flörsheimer, M., M. T. Bootsmann, and H. Fuchs. "Imaging the Absolute Polar Molecular Orientation with Monolayer Sensitivity." Advanced Materials 12, no. 24 (December 2000): 1918–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4095(200012)12:24<1918::aid-adma1918>3.0.co;2-8.

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