Дисертації з теми "Organisation managériale"
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Le, Texier Thibault. "La rationalité managériale : de l'administrations domestique à la gouvernance." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0042.
Повний текст джерелаIn the eighteenth and nineteenth century, the notion of “management” takes a first meaning within a coherent set of concepts – care, industry, arrangement, conduct and calculation – which articulation draws a new way of thinking. At the beginning of the twentieth century, while the business corporation slowly emancipates from the family sphere, this rationality is redefined on the basis of four main general principles: efficiency, organization, control, and knowledge. This second managerial rationality shows, throughout the twentieth century, a unity and a stability that are of a nature neither scientific nor ideological. This rationality cannot be understood by the yardstick of the military discipline, of the patriarchal authority, of the instrumental rationality proper to the engineers, or of the capitalist rationality proper to the economists, for the very reason that it is formulated largely in reaction to these four rationalities. Precisely, the second managerial rationality constitutes a new understanding of the way of governing individuals, which we call a “governmentality”, in way slightly different from Foucault. This managerial governementality cannot be fitted into a unique organisational frame, but circulates between different institutions, the most prominent of which being the family, the business corporation and the state. The study of this new governmentality is the occasion to question the main views of government prevailing on both sides of the Atlantic for a century and a half, and thus to contributes to clarifying the contemporary ways of thinking about power
Canet, Emilie. "L'innovation managériale de l'invention à la diffusion. : Analyse du processus d’établissement d’une innovation managériale à partir du cas de la méthode 5 steps." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090048/document.
Повний текст джерелаManagement innovation is a specific genre within the literature on innovation. We will focus on a critical phase on managerial innovations lifecycle, sprawling between invention and diffusion. We aim at understanding the processes at work between the moment an innovation is invented within an organization and the moment it is considered established and validated by numerous organizations. Relying on a case study and a participative observation approach, we will put forward an exploratory analysis of this phase allowing to highlight its characteristics in various lights: evolution of content and rhetoric, evolution dynamics and design system
Jamboue, Christine. "Organisation de la surveillance de l'environnement dans les entreprises françaises : essai de caractérisation des pratiques dans une optique managériale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32033.
Повний текст джерелаIdentifying and analysing the proceedings of french companies with regards to environmental scanning are the first purpose of this research. This work also aims at leading to a careful study of the organizational design of this activity. The literature review shows the existence of an "ideal" scanning model ; it reveals strong oppositions regarding organizational design and suggests possible extensions. The collected information bring to light some important results : scanning focalisation on environmental segments defined with multiple and different keys, frequent and organised exploitation of human sources, scarcity of use of analytical techniques. The research results also lead to elaborate a typology of scanning management and to explore diffusion of information, personalisation of the activity and proximity with documentary services. The above different developments allow us to formalize a potential influence model of managerial choices
Letierce, Clara. "Gestion sociomatérielle de la complexité institutionnelle de l’organisation du travail : entre standardisation et responsabilisation : étude de cas dans l’industrie aéronautique." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3011.
Повний текст джерелаFacing an increasing competitive pressure, post-bureaucratic organizations are seeking to combine several managerial logics. The purpose of our qualitative case study is to investigate the adjustment strategies in response to this institutional complexity, implemented by operational teams of a production line in the aerospace industry. To address this issue and to deepen our knowledge on the role of management tools in these adjustment processes, we rely on the theoretical stream of institutional logics, and particularly on recent studies that examine the sociomaterial embodiment of these logics. Our results have enabled us to propose a classification of sociomaterial adjustments of institutional complexity according to the regulatory spaces allowed by management tools. Furthermore, we have shed a new light on the conditions of compatibility between institutional logics and the recognition of both permeable and non-permeable variants for each of them. From a managerial point of view, our research has notably highlighted the need to compose a managerial narrative and to equip discussion spaces in order to facilitate the adjustment of managerial logics at every level of the organization
Jaubert, Guillaume. "L’invention de la gouvernance managériale des associations-gestionnaires du secteur du handicap : une approche sociohistorique de la construction d’un modèle institutionnel." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30084/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to describe, from a sociohistorical perspective, the development of the institutional model of the large managing association in the disability sector. The thesis statement is to report on the origin and stabilisation of the governance in these entities.Managing associations are often depicted as sorts of collective actions hesitating between the ideal model of the association and the ideal model of the enterprise. Two competing and antagonistic theoretical corpora are fighting over the legitimacy of governance issues analysis. The theories of social and solidarity economy regard the association as a specific governance system in contradiction with the corporate one. According to these theories, associative governance aims to protect associations from economic and managerial approaches likely to destroy their specific character. The second corpus of governance theories, primarily focused on the enterprise, considers that the organisations with the most efficient governance systems are the only lasting ones. In the light of these two corpora, the thesis aims to report on the emergence of managerial governance in large managing associations in the disability sector.As regards the method, the thesis is based on a comprehensive analysis of two longitudinal case studies. Two managing associations – the ADAPEI du Rhône and the OVE – both of large size (annual budgets in the range of EUR 100m and gathering each about 150 professionals) – were chosen for the case studies. The analytical method, based on “historical monographs”, included several phases: (1) archive analysis (about 1,000 pages of notes on these archives); (2) semi-structured interviews conducted with internal stakeholders (43 semi-structured interviews); and (3) additional interviews conducted with partners (55 semi-structured interviews with public authorities, other associations, etc.).This thesis calls into question the relevance of the theories of social and solidarity economy when it comes to associative governance. Regardless of the original values promoted by the studied organisations, these achieve their associative projects by advocating for the establishment and management of care facilities for people with disabilities, and they actively participate in the development of a full-fledged economic sector.Management structuring and professionalization processes, deployed internally by the entities’ activist authorities, introduce the first management tools. Managing directors, who gradually formalise the governance of the associations, contribute to the strengthening and reaffirmation of associative projects. The implementation of governance principles offers better protection against the appropriation of power by a small group of volunteers, and it also allows the application of a cognitive governance, which facilitates discussions on major strategic focuses between managers.The historical study of the governance of managing associations breaks with the theories of social and solidarity economy, which support an opposition between a first “golden age”, based on a “heroic” solidarity from a few activists, and the age of efficiency, where associations are considered as simple economical organisations void of heart and morals
Giuliani, Philippe. "Le processus d'implantation d'une innovation managériale : le cas de l'Animation à Intervalle Court dans la société Schneider Electric." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10063.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims to analyze and describe the implementation process of a management innovation in organizational context. It seeks to explain in detailed way all the actions developed by the company in a way to implement successfully and with a long lasting time a radical management innovation called : Short Management Interval. Our research aims to highlight the key factors success and the organizational constraints of management innovation implementation process. Our results demonstrate that the more radical the management innovation is, the more it will be implemented successfully. Our research contributes to demonstrate the positive effect of management innovation for the firm performance
Carton, Guillaume. "La production des connaissances managériales : du rapport de la recherche à la pratique." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090053/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince the early days of management research, its relevance to practice has been the subject of vigorous debate. Understanding the relationship between research and practice implies studying how management knowledge is produced. We first aim at understanding the controversy surrounding the relevance of management research. We develop four complementary approaches on how academics apprehend the relationship between research and practice. Then, we develop a framework that allows the identification of four modes of interactions between scholars and practitioners and discover a developmental process that is specific to the management innovations that are developed between research and practice. Then, we study how the strategic concept of “Blue Ocean Strategy” is performed. We show how its innovators have performed the concept by applying its own principles. Finally, we are interested in scholar-practitioners given they straddle the worlds of research and practice to produce management knowledge. We seek to understand how they overcome role conflicts related to their activities in both research and practice. These four studies shed light on how management knowledge is produced
Antonczak, Laurent. "Creativity on the move : how can mobile technology enable collaborative and innovative practices ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAB001.
Повний текст джерелаThis research aims to better understand and define some characteristics and conditions of innovation theoryand practice in relation to mobile technology. Mobile technology is seen as a potential actor and new model fortransforming ideas into action and for managing creativity and organisational management in the realm of theCreative Industries. Based on a qualitative approach, this research highlights three salient elements associatedwith mobile technology. The first is an enrichment of the fluidity of innovation processes filling a gap in theliterature on mobile technology, organisational and knowledge management, and collaborative and innovativepractices within SMEs. Secondly, this research contributes to a new vision of the concept of ba (Nonaka &Takeuchi, 1995) beyond organisational boundaries, and the definition of the ba mobile. Finally, it also providesa new perspective on the work of Cohendet et al. (2010) regarding 'creative slack' and associated notions of valuecreation and capture for SMEs
Srajek, Benjamin. "Revalorisation du rôle managérial de l'encadrement de proximité : cas d'expérimentations." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/srajek_b.
Повний текст джерелаWith the support of research-interventions carried out within industrial and services companies, this thesis proposes to answer the question of the evolution of the managers of proximity, by analysing the problems arising from the traditional roles of this function. It aims at defining a role renovate around the concepts of hierarchical distance, management, organisation and strategy. After having positioned the concepts of executive, management and proximity, this thesis proposes a definition of the managers of proximity like the first level of executive on personnel. Then, starting from a critical analysis of the evolutions of the forms of organisation of work, this thesis highlights the need for transforming the roles of the managers of proximity. A model of restoration of the managers of proximity is then proposed. It suggests the combination of strategic, organisational and management activities and develops the concept of guided participative management
Zaghmouri, Noura. "Innovations managériales et management de proximité au sein des organisations de santé." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0194.
Повний текст джерелаThe increasing growth of health expenditure, accentuated by changes in health needs, has inevitably led to the introduction of a budgetary constraint within hospitals. These budgetary restrictions, denounced by the health professionals, caused a real discomfort within the hospitals imposing to envisage organizational reforms. Managerial innovations have thus become a possible response to the hospital crisis. However, their implementation may be hampered by obstacles related to the structural complexity of health organizations and the plurality of actors involved in them. The literature highlights the key role of the proximity manager in helping to overcome resistance by supporting the creation of a sense of innovation.Our research aims to specify the methods of influence of the proximity manager on the implementation of managerial innovation and its adoption by the actors of the organization. Based on an intervention research carried out in immersion for six months in a Luxembourg hospital, we support the implementation of a managerial innovation, Lean Management, within an outpatient chemotherapy service faced with organizational difficulties.The results of the research highlight the influence of the local manager on the adoption of managerial innovation and reveal factors that moderate the ability to mobilize these levers. Structural adjustments and the introduction of managerial support for the manager's autonomy support his missions to deploy innovation
Boussair, Hakim. "Le processus d'apprentissage organisationnel : introduction d'une innovation managériale et dynamique de réseaux." Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090007.
Повний текст джерелаRekik, Lilia. "Stock options, décisions managériales et organisation des entreprises : une étude empirique sur le marché français." Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10012.
Повний текст джерелаThere is abundant literature on corporate governance suggesting that stock option can be used to align executives' and shareholders' interests. However, financial studies have reached few firm conclusions about whether corporations award stock options in accord with theories of financial contracting and agency cost reduction. Moreover, there is a few number of studies realized on French market. In this study, first, we try to measure the reaction of market on the announcement of plan stock options' adoption. How French investors perceive this plans ? Second, we should to identify the determinants of stock options practice in France. What's the characteristics of companies adopting this mechanism ? What's the purpose they want to reach : aligning the executives' on the shareholders' interests or allocating a less taxable compensation ?We predict that firms with greater agency problems are more able to offer stock option plans for her managers. The intensity of agency conflicts is predicted from the magnitude of discretionary managerial latitude. We hypothesize that weaker corporate governance structures, arising from characteristics of board and ownership structures, and financial characteristics, such as the existence of investment opportunities or intangible assets, allow greater latitude for managers. Then, we anticipate a positive influence for these characteristics on the stock options' practice. We also predict a positive reaction of financial market to the announcement of stock options' plans
Adoumbou, Caroline. "L'installation d'une fonction managériale dans les Très Petites Organisations de Spectacle Vivant : cas de deux recherches-interventions." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3008.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, in a context where organizations dealing with artistic creation and diffusion are given less and less resources, we have observed in some of them, a lack of proximity management regarding the steering of performance. This leads to a waste of resources threatening the development and the sustainability of the activity. The aim of this thesis based on two intervention-researches is to identify which are the management’s tasks that are not performed and to study the factors that can explain this phenomenon. We show that the installation of an accurate management based on the socio-economic approach improves the global performance (economic, social and artistic) of these organizations
Vandevelde-Rougale, Agnès. "Malaise dans la symbolisation : la subjectivité à l'épreuve de la novlangue managériale." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070020.
Повний текст джерелаWorkplace bullying makes it hard for the subject to put his/her experience into words. This research explores this uneasiness through questioning the verbal symbolization of emotions linked to bullying experiences. A clinical approach in social sciences enables to focus on the influence of management discourse on the subject through studying singularities based on specific cases both in Ireland and in France. By considering the internalization process through which management discourse turns into newspeak, this research informs on the linkage between language and the psychosocial subject. Viral infection is proposed as a metaphor in order to characterize this process, which roots on the psychic and sociocultural structures constituting the subject as enunciatory agency, enables the spread of managerial newspeak and weakens the subject. But this process does not occur at the expense of all discursive autonomy. The clinical methods (interview, organidrama) used in this research show that speech addressed in a framework fostering narrativity and the use of images enables the subject to revert to and revive his/her ability to symbolize the emotional experience. It thus opens new ways to make sense, notably through metaphoric verbalization. Further exploring this process could deepen the understanding of verbal symbolization of emotions and enable questioning of the imaginary attached to neoliberalism
Fridlender, Jean-Marc. "Le pouvoir managérial dans les sociétés de contrôle. Socialisation de la psyché dans les organisations hypermodernes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00631614.
Повний текст джерелаBoth, Anne. "L'autorité du discours managérial : enquête ethnographique sur le "parler" des cadres." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21025.
Повний текст джерелаKhallouk, Marouane. "Le processus d’innovation managériale au sein des organisations à but non lucratif : le cas de l’ONG Action Contre la Faim." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD013.
Повний текст джерелаThe type of innovation mostly adopted by European companies is management innovation. Some authors point out that management innovation provides the most sustainable competitive advantage. However, despite a recent revival of academic interest, management innovation remains much less studied in the literature than technological innovation. In addition, this emerging literature on management innovation has not focused on nonprofit organizations (NPOs). Yet, the nonprofit sector has experienced a strong growth so that it plays now a major economic role. NPOs have adopted management innovations to support this growth. The production processes in NPOs are strongly based on human and intangible inputs that are difficult to substitute for physical capital. Thus, management innovation which is also a process based on human and intangible inputs, appears like a type of innovation appropriate for NPOs. Moreover, the distinction between forprofit and nonprofit organizations has been explicitly presented as a great opportunity for the theoretical development on the innovation process. NPOs represent indeed a specific analytical framework. Therefore, this research aims to understand how a management innovation process is put in place within these particular organizations. The qualitative method of the embedded single case study has been appropriate to address this issue. The NGO “Action Contre la Faim”, which has been involved in a vast process of management innovation since 2008, has been investigated. The analysis and theoretical discussion of our results allowed us to shed the light on the specificities of the management innovation process in NPOs. Indeed, the management innovation process in an NPO is characterized by deliberately long phases and a mixed model that combines a bottom-up and top-down approach. First of all, the NPO takes all the time necessary to collectively create a consensual, weakly formalized and evolving management innovation. Then, the great malleability of management innovation leads to a long and non-linear implementation with a constantly flexible implementation without routinization
Malaterre, Florian. "Le processus d’institutionnalisation de l’éthique d’entreprise : vers un renouvellement de l’autorité managériale ? Le cas d’Electricité de France de 1971 à 2015." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL036.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent decades, corporate management has been paying increasing attention to the issue of ethics. This has resulted in the implementation of various approaches (CSR, sustainable development, etc.). Among them, the project of a corporate ethics, which is known most often by its "ethical charters" or its "codes of conduct", as they are made public. However, these documents are part of an internal management system (organization, control tools, communication) that intends to change the ways employees work. This implies a legitimacy of management to impose an ethics that does not seem self-evident. In these conditions, we propose to study the way in which management conceives its role in ethics and builds its legitimacy among employees. We wonder how this contributes to an evolution of managerial authority. We are studying the case of a former public company in the energy sector, Electricité de France, where we realized part of our CIFRE thesis project. We analyze the evolution of the management system on corporate ethics from a body of documents between 1971 and 2015. We explore five areas: the report of management to the context, the organizational choices taking ethics into account, the format of ethical standards, management systems to facilitate the appropriation of ethics, and the relationship of management to unions through the project of corporate ethics
Younis, Joumana. "Technologies numériques & émergence des nouvelles pratiques managériales au Liban." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1268.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis will address and identify the effects of the Digital Technologies (DT) on the modified management modes. After having identified the organizational contexts that have passed throughout the history, especially pre-modern, modern and postmodern, the change is studied through the new spaces and issues of work. It comes out that the organizations with a high digital content and digital communications develop managerial practices that ensure their sustainability. The managerial innovation, the organizational agility, the collaborative work, collective intelligence, as well as other practices have been implanted on to more traditional aspects in form but actualized on the merits. The commitment and management styles that have been so strongly influenced by digital technology have led to practices that promote the benevolence while stressing further on the collaboration and the interactivity. The data collected from our empirical research show that the managerial practices of the Lebanese organizations are driven by the Digital Technologies (DT) similarly to the Northern countries, though with less amplitude they have led to innovative communication modes and efficient for the work relationships
Bennani, Abdelmourhit. "La prise en compte du fait religieux par les organisations : vers l'émergence de nouvelles pratiques managériales : cas de la religion musulmane dans les organisations françaises." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAB006.
Повний текст джерелаTo what extent the inclusion of the religious fact by the organizations participates in the emergence of new managerial practices? That’s the problematic raised by our study which is built around five questions :1) What’s the state of the religious fact representations in organizations? 2) To what extent the representations of the religious fact determine the consideration's failover, positioning it in a favorable or unfavorable way ? 3) How a distribution of organizations by sector, by size ..., of postures adopted by organizations face to the religious fact would enlighten the understanding of this phenomenon? 4) What’s the managerial level the most solicited by organizations to deal with the religious fact? 5) At what treatment level, are the management practices more appropriate to avoid a reduced performance of human capital?
Andrianavalona, Mbolatiana Patrick. "Étude de la relation entre les pratiques managériales de la communication interne et l’implication des salariés." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10062.
Повний текст джерелаManagerial practices of internal communication hold a very strategic place in organizations that can have plural effects over the employees' involvement which constitutes the main purpose of our research. This mainly positive and sometimes paradoxical impact is due to the implementation of certain criteria of using internal communication, notably Transparency, Decompartmentalization, Thankfulness and Social Interaction. The consequences of using these tools of the internal communication policy find expression in internal communication changes which results in the creation of a common view to the employees as a whole and their federation on common goals and values of the organization to reach their involvement. Thus the orientation of these practical aspects of internal communication to the employees' involvement becomes a management imperative for managers and a field of research for researchers in human ressources management especially in the employees' involvement and internal communication management. This study proposes an analysis framework of the impact of the implementation tools of internal communication in question with subjective measures
Loembet, Eric. "Les enjeux managériaux des entreprises et des organisations culturelles en contexte de diversité culturelle : le cas du Cameroun." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASI009.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract : The question of the development of enterprises and cultural organisations (EOCs) has been integrated into the discourse of actor cultural contractor in several African countries, with a view to appropriating the standards characterising them. A discourse which deserves clarification in an environment merging the formal and the informal in the creation of wealth. Faced with cultural diversity favoring economic growth and human development, the creation of wealth becomes an opportunity for profitability and the development of the cultural economy, the case of Cameroon. Thus, the EOCs become and present themselves as tools for capitalising on economic values and wealth. To this end, analysing and evaluating the cultural economy sector means defining the role, importance and impact of the EOCs in contributing to the creation of wealth and economic growth in Cameroon. Driving the exchange of cultural goods and services, as well as capital, the EOCs contribute to the development of the national economy. By taking an active part in the internal economic growth of a nation, they bring added value in the valuation of wealth, in job creation and human development. the very crucial role that they play in the appropriation and enhancement of wealth, determines the economic interest in artistic and cultural creativity. of these transformations that are taking place within the EOCs, it’s a question of determining the managerial stakes of development in the context of cultural diversity in Cameroon. the reflection of this study will be based on this paradox of the plurality of wealth and it’s low contribution to the creation of wealth, as well as to the development of the economy of Cameroonian culture
Maas, Elise. ""Culture managériale" et "culture en action" : analyse des dynamiques communicationnelles et régulatrices associées à ces cultures dans le passage d'un agir individuel à un agir collectif dans l'organisation." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS007S.
Повний текст джерелаThis research will develop two different levels of understanding of the spirit of "culture" in organization and confront them. "Management culture", a professional concept, is perceived by management as a deterministic used as a functionalist goal. It will be treated as regulatory control. "Culture in Action", a scientific approach, is the result of collective action. Dynamic, subconscious, symbolic and regulative, it will be positioned as the cause of autonomic regulation. These cultures are analyzed by putting in perspective professional methodologies to a meta-methodology with theories of ethnomethodology, social regulation and communicational approaches organization. The double interactionist motion between these cultures is revealed. It could encourage one and as the other, to evolve from individual action to collective action for the realization of organizational work
Sy, Issiaga Thiam. "Etude des liens entre l'appropriation des normes IAS/IFRS et les dimensions organisationnelles et managériales des services comptables." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667934.
Повний текст джерелаDubergé, Nicolas. "La spécialisation de la justice des mineurs est-elle toujours effective?" Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU2040/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe child is a person at a development stage, vulnerable who must be protected. To complete this objective, the legislator chosen to build with 1945 February 2nd and 1958 December 23th ordinaries, a specialized justice system able to assure the safety of child at risk and educate juvenile delinquent In a law in perpetual movement, the objective of this research is to measure the contemporary influence of the specialized marker irrigating the construction of our juvenile justice system, both on plan of the jurisdictional organization and the procedure followed by all the jurisdictions The recent transformations of the French juvenile law and the evolution of various European systems of justice demonstrate it, the future of this mark is threatened because the wellfare model in which it expresses itself is in crisis. It undergoes the competition of one new paradigm which is trying to give more responsibilities to the child: the managerial justice. Aware of this reality, this one recently began a restoration which is again necessary to complete
Cognat, Aurélie Sara. "Dynamique des rôles managériaux dans une administration publique en transformation : du manager idéal au management réparti." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0090/document.
Повний текст джерелаWhen organisational context is evolving, what are the consequences for the role of managers ? Litterature about managerial work considered for a long time that the managerial role was single and steady whatever was its organisational background. Nevertheless, researches in organizational design point that a deep development of organizational configuration impact the company's hierarchy and the managerial role of coordination. How to proceed to change managerial roles ? Which actions can transform managers practices?This thesis adressed this issue on the basis of a several years collaborative research in a public administration. This administration decided to transform managerial roles after a deep change of its environment and its missions. We applied an analytical framework built from a review of managerial identity work litterature. The framework guides us to study the new managerial role and how managers can perform this new role. The study implies a diagnosis of cognitive, strategic and subjective ressources available for managers individually and collectivelly.The case of a procedure of management professionalization, set up in this administration, shows the means used to have managers acquire new competences. This also shows how difficult it is to explicit and to transfer the managerial competences by this type of training. Moreover, managers don't have collectively the required strategic ressources to do what they are supposed to do. Besides, some managers don't have individually the needed subjective ressources. Hence a block of role dynamic could be anticipated.A study of evolutions during severals years allow to show three situations where block are resolved :1. roles are not the same for all managers and some of them have more ressources than others when activity requires a deep role evolution. 2. when ressources are insufficient, some managers tried to acquire new ressources. 3. or, sometimes the organization evolved towards situations of shared management to take charge of the managerial function, which managers can't stand because of a lack of ressources, collectively and/or individually
Sy, Issiaga Thiam. "Etude des liens entre l’appropriation des normes IAS/IFRS et les dimensions organisationnelles et managériales des services comptables." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CNAM0769/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of our research is to describe the links between IFRS appropriation and the organization and management structures of the accounting departments. We positioned these two axes within the productive activities of stakeholders thanks to the use of both Socio-Economic and Agency Theories in order to connect IFRS with the stakeholders behaviors and with the organizations of firms.Through action research by virtue of our Chartered Accountant and Statutory Auditor positions we isolated three guidelines of accounting practices reorganizations: Adjustment, Treatment, and Distance analysis. The combination of these guidelines with the accounting process led us to emphasize three levels of organizational structures: Ad hoc Organization, Accounting Prevalence structure, and Decentralized Administration. In the two first organization levels a cooperation behavior has been observed between stakeholders, whereas in the Decentralized structure practically no collaboration has been recorded
Gauthier, Marc-André. "Essai d'interprétation de la théorie de Michel Freitag sur le capitalisme et la postmodernité : du capitalisme industriel à la révolution managériale et organisationnelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27634/27634.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаEloy-Perrin, Laurence. "Communication managériale et conduite du changement : une politique de mobilité en question chez Orange France." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040011/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe uncertainty of economic environment and competitive pressure put the issue of mobility at the center of HR concerns in major companies. This work consists in analyzing the effects of managerial communication, applied to mobility, on the building of managers identity. This research shows limits and risks specific to communication process, especially in Orange France, before the social crisis of 2009. It focuses on the concept of mobility and on the way companies have seized it to build a real doxa to serve their policies. Working back and forth between the analysis of institutional written messages and managers words, this approach highlights the argumentative, narrative and semiotic involved processes. The conclusions of this work raise a further concern about the concept of relational ethics in companies
Chopin, David. "Grammaire du discours managérial à partir d’une analyse sémantique de la littérature de gestion (1910 - 2010)." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1127/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe "managerial discourse" is today omnipresent in the life of corporation, as well as within organizations and in everyday life of individuals. The aim of this PhD is to describe the conditions of emergence of a new kind of rationality, as well as its ways of transformation. Firstly, the "managerial discourse" stems from the management sciences, which irrupted at the beginning of the 20th century, composed by part of military principles, as well as notions of engineering, biology and social sciences. What we called "visibilities" (term coined by the work of the historian Alfred D. Chandler) enable a "managerial discourse" to streamline normatively the enterprise, its techniques and its human actions related. In that way, rationality had been analyzed as an "ideology" by Reinhard Bendix, but furtherly viewed as a plurality of discourses that are continuously evolving. Prolonging the work of Luc Boltanski and Eve Chiapello, we are describing how the body of doctrine concerning "managerial discourse" has been transformed from the 1960’ to the 1990’; we have extended this analysis with a new corpus of managerial literature of the 2010’. Our semantic analysis – over 100 years of specialized literature (from pionniers to actual vision) – highlights the displacements of meaning over time while restoring its unity with the support of a what we call "grammar of the managerial discourse". Basically, the company had General Motors for model in the 1960’, then in the 1990’ it was Toyota, and Google nowadays. Similarly, concepts are reshuffled : the focus on "planning" moved into "networks" and then "collaborations"; The "delegation" moved into "leadership" and then "liberation"; focus were on "programs", after on "projects" and now on "data". However, our PhD shows how "managerial discourse" remains structured around the notion of "grammar". This consists of a "synoptic visibility" (ie the overall representation of the company), a "visibility of the measure" (ie the calculation of the work activity), a "visibility of the delegation" (ie control of the activity of others), and a "visibility of the commercialization" (ie the definition of the company from outside). The "managerial discourse" is powered firstly by its adaptability to any change, with the help of its "grammar" defined in this thesis
Chabrillat, Jacques. "L'innovation en matière d'outils de gestion dans les organisations culturelles du spectacle vivant : bissociation et créativité en situation extrême de gestion." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAD001/document.
Повний текст джерелаCultural firms have developed at all times management practices that are apart from standard management (Chiapello, Benghozi). Our research focuses on managerial innovation in the management tools of these unique firms. In a context of disruption (LOLF 2006), an extreme management situation (Lievre), some cultural organizations have been able to cope by innovating: what management tools did they invent and how did they develop them? Our theoretical framework articulates four approaches: the socio-material assemblages that are constructed during the morphogenesis of management tools (Orlikowski); the structural dimensions of these tools (Hatchuel, Weil); their trajectories of appropriation (Grimand); the creativity in play (Amabile) in the emergence of managerial innovation. Our epistemological posture is constructivist. We observe these managerial innovations through the cases of four performing arts firms that we followed and accompanied for three years in an involved expert position. Relying on a comparative analysis of the four cases, we thus highlight: the efficiency of the concept of bisociation (Koestler) to account for key moments in the morphogenesis of managerial innovations; the role of the managers’ value system in the trajectory of constitution of the tools; the effect of the creative characteristics of cultural managers in the development of their indigenous management
Vignikin, Aristide Kohovi. "Les modalités de mobilisation d'une compétence improvisationnelle au sein d'une équipe projet." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR1004/document.
Повний текст джерелаMany projects fail because of poor management of unpredictable situations. Given the growing interest in this subject among both project managers and researchers, our goal is to seek innovative solutions to capture the unexpected. The literature review is grounded on project management, and the concepts of organizational improvisation and quality teamwork. We ask the following research question : what are the managerial devices to develop within project teams in order to manage effectively the ability to improvise in innovative projects ? The initial question is divided into two sub-research questions : What are the project managament situations favoring improvisation and how do they evolve during the project life span ? What is the impact of the mobilization of improvidational devices by the project team members on project performance ? To answer these questions, we rely on quantitative analysis of an international database on managerial project situations to answer on the first research question, and on a survey of project teams of students achieving tutored projects, in response to the second research question. Among the main results, this thesis identifies and characterizes « improvisational situations » within project teams. It also analyzes how they evolve during the project life span. It also examines the relationship between collective improvisation and performance in project teams, and it shows that the teamwork quality plays an intermediary role. Finally, the role played by several managerial devices is highlighted. Depending on the type of performance, economic or social, two management models of improvisation in project trams are available. These results are discussed and the contributions of our research as well as its limitations and the perspectives of research are developed in conclusion
Picard, Hélène. "« Entreprises libérées », parole libérée ? Lectures critiques de la participation comme projet managérial émancipateur." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090063.
Повний текст джерелаThis research tackles the issue of a reappropriation of emancipatory themes in contemporary management. The thesis is focused on two cases of so-called « liberated » companies, which are supposed to illustrate the economic and humanistic successes that result from opening up discussion of working and organizing issues (« liberating speech ») and from breaking from authoritarian and hierarchical relations (« liberating structures »). The thesis questions the effects of such dispositives and practices of organizational members, at the individual and collective levels. In doing so, the thesis draws from two distinct theoretical frames: the communicational theory of Jürgen Habermas; and the organizational psychoanalysis, specifically in reference to the thought of Jacques Lacan. The thesis contributes to the existing debates over employee participation, in contemporary contexts in which a « post-authoritarian » turn in more clearly affirmed. We put forward some prerequisites to sustaining open speech that makes room for the subject, as rational actor as well as « divided » subject whose inconscious desire should be respected. The thesis also falls in with Critical Management Studies, as we explore the darker sides of emancipatory ideologies in contemporary management
Allein, Marine. "Les enjeux symboliques et organisationnels de la communication portée par les managers : sens, consensus et dissensus dans la communication managériale." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040015.
Повний текст джерелаThis research focuses on the symbolic and organizational stakes of managerial communication as a “composite” phenomenon. By using a heuristic of the interstice, it questions the power dynamics surrounding unification and meaning orientation in a project meant to give a frame to managers’ words. Through a comprehensive approach and in a critical perspective, we will analyze what is at stake in the mediations of this method, from appendant speech to actual practices of the participants. Applying this voluntary tension allowed us to demonstrate that the same rhetoric which contributed to the fortune of this method can also explain the way some things are done, or even the pragmatic difficulties encountered by the participants in organizations. Thus, the un-contentious ideology behind managerial communication is updated in practice by customs surrounding communication as carried out by the managers. This raises the question of how the “dissensus” is represented and expressed in organizations reaching for an ideal of “consensuality” that marginalizes difference
Koleva, Valentina. "La Direction Marketing stratégique comme vecteur de resserrement du lien marketing - stratégie dans l'organisation : l'étude du cas LaSer-Cofinoga." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40025/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis doctoral research aims to clarify the contribution of the marketing function to corporate strategy. We want to uncover the link between these two fields - marketing and strategy, in the specific context of a company having a strategic marketing department. We bring together the theory of marketing-strategy interface and the contributions of cognitive science, in order to propose an integrative theoretical framework centered on the notion of managerial cognition. From a methodological point of view, the consistency between our research question, the available data and the nature of the phenomenon, led us to adopt a qualitative research approach. We chose a single case study combined with a participant observation as a method of data collection and analysis. Our research has highlighted the emergence of three successive types of mental models of marketing-strategy interface, the factor that influence their transformation and their consequences. To conclude, our results allows us to enrich the initial theoretical framework by some emergent themes relative to the architecture of marketing activities, the corporate culture, the organizational learning and the role of the marketing manager
Schoenaers, Frédéric. "Disponibilité des ressources et innovations managériales : quelles mutations pour les juridictions du travail belges et françaises face aux évolutions de leurs environnements ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0029.
Повний текст джерелаDelaunay, Anne-Laure. "Médiations des instruments digitaux dans l'activité des managers intermédiaires : une ethnographie au sein des technicentres industriels SNCF." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E036.
Повний текст джерелаSince the introduction of digital technologies in organizations, middle managers must deal with a multiplication of artefacts and potential uses. We approach in this doctoral work the question of managerial activity transformation of managerial activity through this constellation of digital tools. More specifically, a theoretical bridge is advanced, between a sociomaterial approach based on the digital affordances perceived by managers (Leonardi 2011) and the different levels of analysis in the activity (Leontiev 1976, 1978) through instrumental mediation as a layout of artefacts and uses (Rabardel 1995). This framework foregrounds the instrumental updating by middle managers of digital affordances and the dynamic in managerial activity transformation. To explore this tentative theory, we turn to a 27-months ethnographic study of managerial activity in train maintenance plants using shadowing technique (Czarniawska 2007). The findings of this explanatory case study show that digital gives rise to contradictory injunctions. Middle managers try to concretely reply to them by actualizing perceived digital affordances into instrument. Their managerial activity is thus reshaped in cognition, action and interaction. Over time, the constellation of digital instruments built in managerial situation requires more consistency. An assembly is then carried out thanks to learning affordances (colour codes, common uses...). The main contribution of our research lies precisely in the central role of learning affordances (Kaptelinin and B. Nardi 2012). Our work thus contributes to the literature on technology mediated changes (Allen et al. 2013). Through instrumental construction and assembly, middle managers experiences what makes sense and what is efficient for them in their activity. Thus, digital instruments can contribute to the development of managerial empowerment (Clot, 2014)
Berkani, Akim. "Dynamiques de généralisation des méthodes agiles de gestion de projet : une analyse processuelle de quatre organisations complexes." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2020UPSLD010.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims to explain how large organizations generalize agile methods to all their IS projects. Given the potential benefits, the trend is no longer to experiment this way of working but rather to generalize it to all projects. However, generalization requires significant effort because agile methods generate several changes in roles, processes and culture. With this in mind, we relied on a qualitative research design based on a process analysis of four complex case studies. We were able to identify the ingredients for planned and emerging generalization dynamics
Kreiling, Laura. "Intermediaries in innovation ecosystems. Delineating practices and context of European Knowledge Transfer Organisations University technology transfer organizations: Roles adopted in response to their regional innovation system stakeholders A practice-based maturity model for holistic TTO performance management: development and initial use A European clustering study with Knowledge Transfer Office DNA." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS025.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis research is on intermediary organisations for the transfer of knowledge and technology from academia to industry in innovation ecosystems. Managerial practices and regional context of European Knowledge Transfer Organisations (KTOs) are investigated to enrich the understanding of their managerial determinants. A systemic approach is adopted resulting in research on multiple analytical levels. Consequently, the empirical part of this thesis consists of three studies.The first is on the regional context and analyses the influence of actors in the regional innovation system. Based on interviews at French regional KTOs and stakeholder theory, a theoretical model on their value creation ambidexterity is created and seven regional stakeholders identified, as well as six organisational roles which are adopted in response.The second study is on the internal managerial practices and investigates their maturity in relation to other KTO performance dimensions using dynamic capabilities and contingency theory. It results in the development and initial use of a holistic practice-based maturity model for KTO performance management. Initial data from 17 European KTOs shows that maturity is highest in the area of ‘translation & combination’ practices and lowest for ‘knowledge management’.The third study uses reference group and benchmarking theory to develop a clustering approach for the comparison of similar European KTOs based on existing activity metrics. A framework is proposed based on which transnational European peer groups are created with a clustering approach. Variables related to the internal knowledge transfer culture primarily drove cluster creation, followed by the external ecosystem and KTO budget.In conclusion, the research findings shed light on emerging topics in the university-industry knowledge transfer literature, particularly on the existence and influence of regional stakeholders, the role of capabilities and practices in performance management and the ability to not only create transnational groups for benchmarking and bench-learning but also visibility on the variables that drive cluster creation. This has managerial and policy implications as well as provides fertile ground for future research on management at the intersection of academia and industry
Endomba, Engelbert Raymond. "Modernisations managériales et transformations des modes de gestion de la légitimité hiérarchique dans les entreprises publiques au Cameroun : une étude du système des réformes gestionnaires et organisationnelles et ses issues sur les formes d'implication professionnelle au Cameroun." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H029.
Повний текст джерелаId, Ahmed Zahra. "Communication organisationnelle et « Responsabilité Sociale des Entreprises » : perspective d’analyse interculturelle des usages managériaux : le cas d’Axa au Maroc." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20078.
Повний текст джерелаCSR is a protean concept that is growing in all parts of the world. Since its American ethical origins, this concept has evolved to embrace other economic, managerial and political aspects. Geographically, it has become more complex by taking various forms of distribution, hence, forming a vast field of research. In general, two approaches contradict it : one tends to universalize the concept, and the other tends towards contextualization. If the approach in America is described as being explicit and utilitarian based on ethical and philanthropic determinants, in Europe it is rather implicit, coordinated and based on institutional and organizational characteristics. In terms of developing countries, the modalities of distribution of CSR differ depending on the Contexts and the local environment. This was explained in literature in Morocco, by various determinants such as culture and local values, including religious ones, nature of institutional dynamics and their maturity as well as the relations between the stakeholders, the representations of sustainable development and the organization in the company. It is within this framework that we propose further research on the distribution of CSR at AXA Morocco, a subsidiary of AXA multinational in a constructivist theoretical framework by mobilizing communication and organizational approaches. Our work has formed a practical approach in Moroccan context and we have developed a model based on the components of CSR, ICT and Intercultural Management to overcome the managerial barriers based on cultural differences
Ricaud, Camille. "La transversalité des outils de la gestion des ressources humaines dans les organisations : savoirs, discours et action collective. Etude d'un isomorphisme managérial dans la prise en charge de l'autisme au sein du secteur médico-social." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30088.
Повний текст джерелаPolitics and ideology of the New Public Management resulted in numerous reforms and in a process of rationalization of public sector organizations in the development of tools and management principles from the world of business. This thesis, which analyzes the impact of the new principles of public management, is not limited to the administrative aspects of the organizations to which they apply. This change regarding public management also affects the relationship that public sector organizations have with users, as is the case in the medico-social sector. By analyzing the operation of the management of autism in France, this study reveals the proximity of the logic of action of the clinical field with that of the management of human resources. Using bio-politics as the starting point of the framework of analysis developed by Michel Foucault, this work demonstrates the interrelationship between the clinical dimension and management while describing the utility of this work for supporting people with autism. This thesis is part of a process of fundamental research that attempts to rethink the cross-functionality of HRM tools in organizations by analyzing speech production and dissemination of knowledge. It shows that the power of the model of HRM helps to make available significant cognitive resources to actors who are facing extremely complex and changing situations. In this context, obtaining an outcome is very uncertain because the treatment of autism cases requires work that cannot be completely controlled. Therefore, this can be done only through building collective action where the legitimate mobilized practices ensure a multi-professional and organizational performance coherence, short of implementing an operational performance
Peter, Simon. "L'institutionnalisation du marché de la microfinance : le cas du Gabon." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU2009/document.
Повний текст джерелаWith the direction taken in 2002 by the Banking Commission of Central Africa (COBAC) to develop microfinance activities, the business of microfinance has turned in its organizational form (moving from informal to formal), but also its relationship to its environment. Our field observation shows that this perspective is largely determined by the cooperation between the very small enterprises (VSE) and microfinance institutions (MFIs) whose management practices are put to the test of regulations. As such, the regulation affects the behavior of actors and thus should contribute to market development and the sustainability of MFIs and VSE through their cooperation. Compared to the above, what lessons can be learned from the Gabonese experience to generate a better understanding of the problem of the impact of regulation on the market of microfinance? We show that in an institutionalized environment, EMF have two options: a financial attitude and a social attitude. We show that many small businesses, with projects, are unable to benefit from the offer of the microfinance market. This paradox then leads us to question the different behaviors that the regulation of the microfinance market translated and induced. We induce that these behaviors as well as their interaction affect the internal organization of tasks (coordination) of the actors, that is to say on how EMF and VSE are managed, as well as the cooperation between EMF and VSE. This work opens up new areas of understanding of the microfinance market in Gabon
Safy, Fatema. "La relation entre souffrance et implication au travail dans le cadre de la théorie de la conservation des ressources : le cas d'une organisation médico-sociale." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30108/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe evolution of the work environment, work organization, and practices of human ressource management, introduces new pathologies work alongside the traditional pathologies so-called physical pathologies : there are mental pathologies. These are related to organizational or market constraints compared to traditional pathologies related to physical and material task's conditions. In this context of new forms of ill-being at work, the concept of suffering at work, "ghost" concept in management science, appears relevant because it queries the organizational functioning and the role of human resource management. This research has two objectives: contribute to a better understanding of suffering at work in producing a clear definition of this concept, and theorize the link between suffering at work and work commitment in defining how these constructs influence each other. Our research is motivated by the question : what relationship is there between suffering at work and work commitment ? To answer, we rely on conservation of resources theory. The results of this research show that suffering at work arises from a loss of organizational ressources causing an erosion of subjective resources that allow the individual to define himself, and creates a specific form of work commitment : the over-involvement. It is rooted in the suffering at work itself and it is guided by negative experiences of work forcing of negative feelings toward the organization
Vachon, Marc. "Maîtriser les stratégies de décision : positionnement prescriptif, ébauche et test d'un modèle-outil d'aide à la résolution de problèmes pour les dirigeants des organisations." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3035/document.
Повний текст джерелаInefficiency of decision process exists and is characterised by:- simple loop learning,- strictly limited rationality,- and hidden costs of the decision process.The inefficiency of decision process is due to a dysfunction of managers’ competence, who:- lose their decision marks,- lack reflexivity,- use Decision Strategies in beneficial and toxic way, such as:· lack of contradictory mindset (strongly validated hypothesis),· lack of perfectionism (weakly validated hypothesis).To increase the efficiency of decision process, managers should master DecisionStrategies, by using a problem solving support Model-Tool, integrator-facilitator ofDecision Strategies steering, and endowed with PPPERFFS qualities:- "Practical",- "Paradoxical",- "Polyvalent / Exhaustive" (Multi-Skilled / Comprehensive),- "Rapid / Fluent" (Fast / Easy)- "Faithfull" (Reliable),- "Schematic" (Diagrammatic).This Model-Tool has to be drafted and its performance has to be tested.[This has been done:]The drafted PPPERFFS Model-Tool itemises 36 Decision Strategies into the followingcategories: managerial Domains, cognitive Postures and cognitive Mechanisms. Firsttests demonstrate a contingent performance
Nguyen, Manh-Hung. "An "economies of worth" perspective of a management innovation adoption process in an organization." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR084/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince the first industrial revolution, “innovation” has been mentioned in numerous occasions. This term has often been associated with "technological innovation". Recently, a new type of innovation, management innovation, and its adoption process have been at the heart of attention. In numerous studies on organizational innovations, technological innovation is still a dominant subject and there is a need to go outside the limit of technological innovation studies. Diversified topics on management innovations have been studied, showing a particular attraction of this subject for scholars in this field. Management innovation processes have carefully been explored, in particular the generation, diffusion and adoption processes (with or without adaptation). However, the studies on management innovation adoption seem to be neglected. In addition, the mutual adaptation between management innovations and adopting organizations also need to be studied. In a more concrete way, it is essential to study the tension that can appear when introducing a management innovation into an organization as well as the mutual pressure between them during the adoption process. Nonetheless, the empirical studies on this issue still remain deficient. Consequently, we focus on the adoption processes of a management innovation and the tensions between this management innovation and its adopting organization during the adoption process. Every management innovation comprises a management philosophy while every organization pertains to certain representations. Consequently, the potential tensions during the adoption process can be viewed as the imperfect harmony between the management innovation philosophy and the dominant representations within the “host” organization. Hence, three important sub-questions emerge: (1) how to identify the management innovation philosophy and the organizational representations, (2) how to explain their agreements/disagreements of values during the adoption process and (3) how to avoid potential disagreements that can interrupt this process
Bayle, Cordier Julie. "The impact of an M&A on a target firm : a socially responsible organizational identity perspective." Phd thesis, HEC, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00539793.
Повний текст джерелаXu, Liang. "Trois contributions sur l'effet informatif des cours boursiers dans les décisions d'entreprise." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED019/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn my doctoral thesis, I investigate the information feedback from stock prices to managers’ decisions. More specifically, I study whether and how managers learn new information from stock prices to guide their corporate decisions. My doctoral thesis includes three essays focusing on this topic. The first essay studies the relationship between stock market informational efficiency and real economy efficiency at firm-level. In the first essay, I find that when stock prices reflect greater amount of information that managers care about, corporate decisions made by managers become more efficient. The second essay studies whether managers seek to learn short sellers’ information from stock prices and use it in corporate decisions. In the second essay, I overcome the empirical difficulties by exploiting a unique institutional feature in Hong Kong stock market that only stocks included in an official list are allowed for short sales. I find that that non-shortable firms’ managers can learn short sellers’ information on external conditions from shortable peers’ stock prices and use it in their corporate decisions. The third essay studies the real effects of long-term option trading. I find that long-term option trading stimulates the production of long-term information, which managers can use to guide their long-term investment decisions
Charest, Eric André. "Programme d’accès à l’égalité : réactions managériales au cadre légal québécois pour combattre la discrimination." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8996.
Повний текст джерелаIn 1985, the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms (R.S.Q., ch. C-12) of Québec was amended to include a new section dedicated to Programme d’accès à l’égalité (PAE). This addition was the result of the recognition of a situation of durable inequality in the Quebec job market for members of certain groups, based on prohibited grounds of discrimination. This inequality manifests itself by a phenomenon of occupational segregation, low average incomes and precarious conditions of employment. The goal of the PAE is to correct the situation of discriminated groups. In order to achieve this objective, they allow for the implementation of specific measures for the latter. Several types of PAEs have been set up by successive Québec governments to broaden their scope. Among these different types of PAE, this study focuses on those related to the contractual obligation that require all organizations that employ 100 employees or more that obtain a contract or a grant from the Québec government with a value of $ 100 000 and more, to develop and implement an PAE. This is the main form of PAE affecting private sector organizations. Four target groups are identified in the PAE: women, visible minorities, aboriginal people and persons with disabilities. Of these groups, given its significant growth and the often acute situations of discrimination they face in the Québec labor market, the focus will be on the visible minorities. Very little research has been conducted on the PAE mainly because of a strict obligation of confidentiality of results. The few known studies to date have found very uneven progress among employers: while a few organizations seem to make rapid progress in achieving their goals, the vast majority of them are stagnating or progressing very slowly. This observation led to question the factors other than the legal framework that could explain the level of compliance with the objectives of PAE. Based on a content analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with the managers responsible for implementing PAE in 31 private organizations in the Montreal region, several factors from the external and internal environments of these organizations have been identified to explain the level of compliance with the qualitative objectives. Among the factors positively associated, we note the commitment of senior management toward the PAE, the establishment of a system of accountability, and the perception of certain benefits associated with the diversification of the workforce. On the other hand, the confusion between equality and equity, a commitment to internal mobility of employees and strong biases of the front-line managers all seem to be negatively related to the achievement of the qualitative objectives. These results demonstrate the importance of taking into account the factors related to the internal environment of organizations in order to understand the process of compliance. This should especially be the case when the legal framework is not very restrictive and when the managers tend to believe that the probability of being sanctioned is low. Based on these results, a series of recommendations are proposed to improve the PAEs but also to improve the understanding of human resource managers on what constitutes discrimination in employment and the most appropriate way to address the issue.