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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Orchestia gammarellu"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Orchestia gammarellu"

PICKUP, JAMES, and JOSEPH EDWARD IRONSIDE. "Multiple origins of parasitic feminization: thelygeny and intersexuality in beach-hoppers are caused by paramyxid parasites, not microsporidia." Parasitology 145, no. 3 (September 25, 2017): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017001597.

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SUMMARYWithin populations of the amphipod crustaceans Orchestia gammarellus and Orchestia aestuarensis, a proportion of females produce thelygenic (female-only) broods, which often contain intersexual individuals. This phenomenon is associated with the presence of two putative feminizing parasites, the paramyxid Paramarteilia orchestiae and the microsporidian Dictyocoela cavimanum, which frequently co-infect the same host. In order to determine which of the parasites causes feminization, Orchestia were resampled from the type locality of P. orchestiae in France and from another population in the UK. Breeding experiments indicated that female O. gammarellus infected with P. orchestiae produced a significantly higher proportion of female and intersex offspring than uninfected females, even in the absence of D. cavimanum. There was no difference in mortality between infected and uninfected broods, indicating that the paramyxid alters the sex ratio through feminization rather than male-killing. Although D. cavimanum also displays a female-biased prevalence in Orchestia populations, this is due to co-infection with P. orchestiae, indicating that the paramyxid, rather than the microsporidian, is the cause of feminization in these Orchestia populations.

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MYERS, ALAN A., and JAMES K. LOWRY. "A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae: Talitrinae)." Zootaxa 4808, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 201–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4808.2.1.

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The amphipod genus Orchestia is revised. It now includes 10 species of which three are new: O. forchuensis sp. nov. from north-eastern North America and Iceland., O. perezi sp. nov. from Chile and O. tabladoi sp. nov. from Argentina. Orchestia inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard 1951) is reinstated. The type species of the genus, O. gammarellus is redescribed based on material from Fountainstown, Ireland and a neotype is established to stabilize the species. The species was originally described from a garden in Leiden, far from the sea. Its true identity is unknown and no type material exists. Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1776) is shown to be a sibling species group with members in both hemispheres of the temperate Atlantic as well along the Pacific coast of South America. A hypothesis for the establishment of the current distribution of Orchestia species is presented that extends back to the Cretaceous.

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Jelassi, R., and K. Nasri-Ammar. "Temporal variation in the shore amphipod community in the supralittoral zone of Bizerte Lagoon (northern Tunisia)." Crustaceana 85, no. 4-5 (2012): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854012x636706.

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Seasonal variation in the structure of the amphipod community on the banks of Bizerte Lagoon was studied at Menzel Jmil (37°13′8″N 09°55′1″E) from July 2006 to June 2007. The distance between the actual sites of collection (sampling points) and the shoreline varied from 70 cm in September to 6.8 m in December. Specimens were mainly collected from under roots of Cymodocea nodosa and Suaeda maritima. In the laboratory, the specimens of Amphipoda (N = 10 645) were preserved in ethanol 70%, identified, sexed, and counted under a binocular microscope. Monthly counts varied between 553 (November) and 1240 individuals (April). Eight species of talitrids were identified, based on the specific characters of their gnathopods and pereiopods. Furthermore, the results show that the amphipod community of Bizerte Lagoon is primarily composed of 3 species, Orchestia mediterranea, Orchestia gammarellus and Orchestia montagui. The species last-mentioned represented the most frequent form in summer, whereas the other two, Orchestia mediterranea and Orchestia gammarellus, dominated in autumn. Orchestia stephenseni, Platorchestia platensis, Talorchestia deshayesii, Talitrus saltator, and Orchestia cavimana, were also found. A subsequent analysis of various diversity parameters of the amphipod community indicated a seasonal variation in abundance, species richness, and diversity.

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Wildish, David J., and John H. McDonald. "Possible causes of amphi-Atlantic distribution of Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1776) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae) in the North Atlantic: a review." Zoosystematics and Evolution 99, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.95980.

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Hypotheses concerning the modern distribution of Orchestia gammarellus (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae) and its causes in the North Atlantic are discussed. The synanthropic dispersal hypothesis of Henzler and Ingólfsson (2008) considers O. gammarellus as originating on the eastern shore of the North Atlantic and being transported by humans to Iceland and the western Atlantic shore (Newfoundland and the Maritime Provinces of Canada). The Eocene and natural dispersal hypothesis of Myers and Lowry (2020) proposes a geologically earlier origin of O. gammarellus when the west and east shores of the North Atlantic were still connected. Present day amphi-Atlantic distribution was explained by vicariance, with the vicariant event causing separation of O. gammarellus being continental drift drawing apart the west and east shores of the North Atlantic. A post-glacial natural dispersal hypothesis proposed herein, involves transport on ice floes or in driftwood from European shores to Iceland and the Atlantic Provinces of Canada. The small genetic distances amongst populations found by Henzler and Ingólfsson (2008) at the COI gene are inconsistent with the Eocene vicariance hypothesis. On evolutionary grounds, we question Myers and Lowry’s (2020) designation of the Icelandic and Canadian populations as a new species of Orchestia. Existing molecular and morphological data are insufficient to distinguish between human-aided dispersal and natural rafting.

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Linetskii, Boris, Mikhail O. Son, and Alexander V. Koshelev. "Contribution to the knowledge on supralittoral macroinvertebrates of the northwestern Black Sea." Ecologica Montenegrina 34 (August 6, 2020): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2020.34.2.

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A checklist of the northwestern Black Sea supralittoral fauna is presented. It includes 18 species: Ophelia bicornis, Namanereis pontica, Cryptorchestia cf. garbinii, Deshayesorchestia deshayesii, Orchestia montagui, Orchestia gammarellus, Orchestia montagui, Armadilloniscus ellipticus, Halophiloscia cf. couchii, Ligia italica, Tylos ponticus, Chthamalus stellatus, Microeuraphia depressa, Thalassomyia frauenfeldi, Donacilla cornea, Myosotella myosotis, Truncatella subcylindrica, and Melarhaphe neritoides. This paper provides distribution maps for this species in the northwestern Black Sea, based on field studies. The changes that occurred in species composition are discussed. The regional IUCN categories are proposed.

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Weeks, J. M., and P. S. Rainbow. "The Uptake and Accumulation of Zinc and Copper From Solution by two Species of Talitrid Amphipods (Crustacea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 71, no. 4 (November 1991): 811–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400053479.

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The exposure of two species of talitrid amphipods (Orchestia gammarellus and Orchestia mediterranea) to a range of zinc and copper concentrations in solution has enabled the categorization of the mode of metal accumulation adopted by these supralittoral amphipods. Both species showed net accumulation of dissolved zinc and copper at all experimental exposures between 20 and 1000 μig Zng 1 and 13 and 1000 μg Cu 1 in artificial sea-water. Studies using Zn have shown that the zinc uptake rates of both species (0·430 μg Zn g d, SE 0·032 and 0·408 µg Zn g d, SE 0·073 for O. gammarellus and O. mediterranea respectively at 10°C in 31·6 μg Zn 1) are not significantly different, and are low in comparison with other crustaceans. Laboratory results are related to field conditions, and it is concluded that Firth of Clyde O. gammarellus are more dependent upon a food source in order to meet both their copper and zinc requirements than are O. mediterranea which are able to obtain sufficient metabolic copper from solution. The use of talitrid amphipods in zinc and copper biomonitoring programmes is also discussed.

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CAMUR-ELIPEK, B., and H. ASLAN-CIHANGIR. "First observations of two talitrid crustaceans (Amphipoda: Talitridae) from Gokceada island (NE Aegean Sea)." Mediterranean Marine Science 8, no. 2 (December 3, 2006): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.155.

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The present paper reports the occurrence of Talitrus saltator (Montagu, 1808) and Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas, 1766) which are the first records from Gokceada (Imbroz) Island (NE Aegean Sea). It should be noted that, T. saltator is a new record for the Aegean Sea coast of Turkey.

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Blanchet-Tournier, M. F. "Mise en évidence d'une activité neurohormonale inhibitrice de la vitellogenèse chez l'amphipode Orchestia gammarella." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 8 (August 1, 1987): 1917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-292.

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The presence of an additional brain in female Orchestia gammarella induces the inhibition of yolky oocyte growth followed by their lysis. The graft, deprived of external influences, secretes a factor resembling vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone. Oocytes undergoing primary vitellogenesis also appear to be target cells of vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone.

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García Hernández, Edisa, Matty P. Berg, A. Raoul Van Oosten, Christian Smit, and Joana Falcão Salles. "Linking Bacterial Communities Associated with the Environment and the Ecosystem Engineer Orchestia gammarellus at Contrasting Salt Marsh Elevations." Microbial Ecology 82, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01656-w.

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AbstractThe digestive tract of animals harbors microbiota important for the host’s fitness and performance. The interaction between digestive tract bacteria and soil animal hosts is still poorly explored despite the importance of soil fauna for ecosystem processes. In this study, we investigated the interactions between the bacterial communities from the digestive tract of the litter-feeding, semi-terrestrial crustacean Orchestia gammarellus and those obtained from the environment; these organisms thrive in, i.e., soil and plant litter from salt marshes. We hypothesized that elevation is an important driver of soil and litter bacterial communities, which indirectly (via ingested soil and litter bacteria) influences the bacterial communities in the digestive tract of O. gammarellus. Indeed, our results revealed that elevation modulated soil and litter bacterial community composition along with soil organic matter content and the C:N ratio. Soil and plant litter differed in alpha diversity indexes (richness and diversity), and in the case of plant litter, both indexes increased with elevation. In contrast, elevation did not affect the composition of bacterial communities associated with O. gammarellus’ digestive tract, suggesting selection by the host, despite the fact that a large component of the bacterial community was also detected in external sources. Importantly, Ca. Bacilloplasma and Vibrio were highly prevalent and abundant in the host. The taxonomic comparison of Ca. Bacilloplasma amplicon sequence variants across the host at different elevations suggested a phylogenetic divergence due to host habitat (i.e., marine or semi-terrestrial), thus supporting their potential functional role in the animal physiology. Our study sheds light on the influence of the environment on soil animal–bacteria interactions and provides insights into the resilience of the O. gammarellus–associated bacteria to increased flooding frequency.

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Moore, P. G., and Christine H. Francis. "Environmental tolerances of the beach-hopper Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) (Crustacea:Amphipoda)." Marine Environmental Research 19, no. 2 (January 1986): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-1136(86)90042-5.

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Дисертації з теми "Orchestia gammarellu"

GAMBINERI, SIMONE. "Orientamento rispetto a stimoli visivi di talitridi di coste mediterranee e atlantiche." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/494262.

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