Дисертації: "Oral cancers"

1

Sastry, Preeti. "Effect of Metro Living on Oral Cancers in Virginia: 2001-2005." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1649.

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Background: Forty percent of all head and neck cancers occur in the oral cavity. According to ICD-O (International classification of diseases for oncology) C00-C14 includes cancers of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx. Studies have indicated that increased population density or Metro living have increased oral cancer incidence. The objectives of this study are to look at the distribution of Oral and Oro pharyngeal Cancers in Virginia from 2001-2005 The study aims to determine if there is an association between metro living (beale code 3) and advanced Oral Cancers. This study is also being done to determine if Metro living is a predictor of Oral Cancer after adjusting for gender. Methods: The data for this study was obtained from the Virginia Cancer Registry. Cancer counts were obtained based on gender, beale code distribution and stage at diagnosis. The counts were collected for the years 2001-2005 based on the ICD-O codes C00-C14. Analysis of this secondary data was done using SAS 9.1. Descriptive statistics presents the distribution of oral cancer according to the stage, gender and urbanity level of the patient. A log-linear model was done to look for association between metro living and Oral Cancers in Virginia after adjusting for gender and stage. This model was fit using a Poisson’s regression to observe if the cancer counts are influenced by the urban beale code 3. Results: During the five year period of 2001- 2005 the Virginia Cancer registry received a total of 3,390 reported cases of oral and pharyngeal cancers. Out of the 3,390 cases 67.35% (2283) of the cases were diagnosed in males and the rest 32.65% were females (1107). Based on the stage at diagnosis, 34.45% (1168) of Oro-pharyngeal cancers were diagnosed to have localized staging as compared to 50.18% (1701) regional and 11.03% (374) distant. 4.34% of the cancers were unstaged (N=147). 82% of all Oro-pharyngeal cancers were seen amongst whites. Majority of oral cancers were seen amongst age groups 35-74 years (78.41%). While looking at the distribution of oral cancers reported from the urban populations; 82.3% (2790) were reported from beale code1. Only 9.73% (330) cases were reported from beale code 2 and 7.96% (270) cases were reported from beale code 3 (population fewer than 250,000 people). More than 50% of cancers were diagnosed at an advanced stage in the urban populations; we did not see a significant relation between advanced oral cancers and metro living. (p =0.2878). After performing a scaled deviance Poisson regression model indicated that there was a stable trend in counts of advanced oral cancer after adjusting for race, age and gender.(θ=-0.04 p-value =0.617). Conclusions: With a linear trend between increased population density and advanced oral cancers, our study observed a stable trend within the metro populations. Due to lack of a clear understanding of all the possible contributing factors further research is recommended to observe the various etiological differences within the urban populations and advanced oral cancers.

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2

Chiriseri, Edina. "Human papilloma virus and oral cancers : sexual behaviour as a risk factor." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/16084.

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AIM & OBJECTIVES: Human papilloma virus (HPV) has been related to cervical infection, however, its part in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is still debatable and is easy to refute. Suspicion of HPV causation is heightened when carcinomas arise in patients that are young and have never smoked. The present UK based study undertaken at Northampton NHS Trust endeavoured to determine the extent to which HPV is an entity in HNSCC in the UK. Furthermore, the study investigated whether sexual behaviour (as measured by sexual health clinic (SHC) attendance) is linked the acquisition of HPV associated HNSCC in young age groups. HNSCC incidences and sexual trends in the UK were collected from publicly available databases to identify if there were any changes at a national level in sexual behaviours and their influence on HNSCC in young age groups. MATERIALS & METHODS: PCR was used to evaluate the presence of HPV in biopsy samples from of 99 patients diagnosed with HNSCC at Northampton Hospital from 2006 to 2014. Patient demographics on age, sex, smoking, alcohol use and SHC attendance were also collected. All HPV PCR positive biopsies were further genotyped using an ABI 3130xl genetic analyser. Databases in the UK; including GLOBOCAN, NATSAL and PHE were searched for data on HNSCC prevalence, sexual behaviour trends and vaccine uptake. Multinomial regression explored the relationship between HPV positivity and sex, age, smoking, drinking, race and SHC attendance. RESULTS: PCR showed that 25.2% (25/99) of biopsies tested were positive for HPV and were all obtained from white participants. Most specimens (23, 92%) were high-risk (HR) HPV 16 positive with a mean age of 56 for HPV positivity and 72% of the cases 50-60 years old. Smokers were 11% in total (11/99) with most 88.9% participants (88/99) being non-smokers. HPV positivity was strongly linked with non-smoking history (p < 0.001); no alcohol abuse (p < 0.001); male gender (p < 0.001); young age less than 60 years (p < 0.001) and SHC attendance (p < 0.001). A Kruskal-Wallis post hoc test affirmed the impact of age on HPV positivity (p= < 0.05). GLOBOCAN and Cancer Research demonstrated a rising UK HNSCC pattern of over 200% for both sexes from 1975 to 2011. The three NATSAL surveys undertaken in 1990-1991, 1999-2001 and 2010-2012 demonstrated an overall increase in opposite and same sex partners. The UK average of individuals engaging in oral sex was in the younger age groups of between 16 and 54 with at least 70% of males and 63% females of that age engaging in oral sex. Finally, NASTAL 1, 2 and 3 surveys reported 20 vs 15; 25 vs 55; 55 vs 65 of males and females respectively with more than 10 sexual partners to have attended the SHC. The UK immunization take-up was over 90% countrywide. CONCLUSION: Few research studies have been conducted to date on HPV as a cause of HNSCC in the UK. The present research showed 25.2% of HNSCC to be caused by HPV, with the high risk (HR) genotype 16 (the leading cause of cervical cancer) accounting for 92% (23/25) of the cases. These outcomes affirmed the high prevalence of HR-HPV in HNSCC, with a rate of 25.2% similar to those reported previously. Routine HPV testing in those aged below 60 is therefore warranted. Smoking and drinking showed negative correlation; the young age of below 60 and attendance of the SHC for both sexes showed a positive correlation with HPV positive HNSCC. NATSAL data showed increased sexually risky behaviour coupled with attending the SHC in younger ages for both sexes. Increased sexually risky behaviour as shown in NASTAL surveys may be the reason why young age and SHC attendance is positively correlated with HPV HNSCC. The study highlights a conceivable relationship between HPV positive HNSCC in those under 60 years with no smoking history who attended the SHC. Smoking and drinking are known risks for HNSCC in those past 65 years of age; the negative association with HPV HNSCC in the young in the present research revealed smoking and drinking to have reduced association with HPV HNSCC. The reported HR-HPV positive HNSCC in young age groups inform future vaccination strategies and consequently decrease the quantity of HPV HNSCC's.

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3

De, Camargo Cancela Marianna. "Les cancers de la cavité buccale et de l’oropharynx dans le monde : incidence internationale et classification TNM dans les registres du cancer." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10311/document.

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L’objectif de ces travaux est de connaître et évaluer les caractéristiques épidémiologiques des cancers de la cavité orale et de l’oropharynx. Ces deux localisations partagent des facteurs de risque en commun, et sont de fait souvent regroupées dans les études épidémiologiques. Cependant, la découverte de facteurs de risque spécifiques, telle l’infection par le virus du papillome humain pour les cancers de l’oropharynx, nous conduit à fournir des taux d’incidence spécifiques avec la classification anatomique de ces cancers. En réorganisant les données disponibles dans la base des données du Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, nous avons recherché les cas incidents au niveau mondial et recalculé les taux d’incidence dans les registres de 60 pays, pendant la période 1998-2002. La classification TNM n’est pas disponible dans les bases de données du CIRC. Nous avons identifié et contacté les registres du cancer qui ont déclaré son recueil. Cela nous a permis de créer et structurer une base des données innovante et inédite, dont les informations ont été analysées par rapport à la qualité. Finalement nous avons comparé la distribution de stades précoces et avancés dans 8 pays. Les résultats montrent que l’incidence des cancers de la cavité buccale et de l’oropharynx est très hétérogène au niveau mondial par rapport à la sous localisation des tumeurs, à l’âge d’incidence, au ratio homme/femme et au stade clinique
Oral cavity and oropharynx cancers : International incidence and TNM classification in population-based cancer registries The aim of this work was to know and to evaluate the epidemiological patterns of oral cavity and ororpharynx cancers. These topographies share some common risk factors and they are often grouped in epidemiological studies. However, the implication of the human papilloma virus in oropharyngeal tumors lead us to provide incidence rates according to the anatomical classification of these tumors. We reorganized the incidence data available at the International Agency for Research on Cancer, for the period 1998-2002. Incidence rates were calculated for oral cavity and oropharynx cancers separately for 60 countries. As the TNM classification is not available on the IARC database we contacted the cancer registries that declared to abstract and collect it. Based on their data we created and structure a new, innovative and quality controlled. Finally, we compared the TNM stage distribution among 8 countries. The results show that the oral cavity and oropharynx cancers have a very heterogeneous distribution in the studied registries concerning tumor sub-sites, age of incidence, male to female ratio and clinical stage

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4

Auluck, Ajit. "Epidemiological shifts and risk behaviours for oral and oropharyngeal cancers in multicultural population of British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41390.

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Although smoking prevalence in British Columbia (BC) is decreasing, numbers of oral cancers are increasing. This change may reflect new emerging risk factors, including an increase in human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and greater immigration from high-risk countries. Currently, in BC there is no data on the trends in oral cancer incidence and survival by ethnicity or by etiologically clustered oral cancer subsites (oral cavity cancers, OCC, which are predominantly tobacco related; and oropharyngeal cancers, OPC, which are predominantly HPV-related). Oral cancers were retrieved from BC Cancer Registry (BCCR) from 1980 to 2006 and the following information collected: names, demographic, tumor, treatment and outcome information. When specific information was not complete, chart review was done. South Asian (SA) or Chinese ethnicities were determined by using previously generated ethnic surname list. Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR), age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) and 5-year survival rates for these three populations were calculated by sex, grouping the cancers into etiologically clustered subsites. Calculations were done for each year from 1980 to 2006. An ethnographic study was then conducted to describe the patterns of access, use and perceptions of SA men towards chewing tobacco-containing betel quid (BQ). Extensive field work included participant observations and semi-structured interviews. We have for the first time shown that the incidence of HPV-related OPC has surpassed that of tobacco-related OCC in men. For female, the incidence rates of OPC increased and OCC unchanged. AAIR for OCC was highest in SA males and females while rates of OPC were highest in general population males and Chinese males. Survival rates for OCC were unchanged and for OPC improved in males. SA had poorest survival rates for OCC. Ethnographic findings revealed that among SA males chewing tobacco-containing BQ was viewed as a culturally accepted practice. Availability of BQ, perceived benefits of chewing, ability to conceal the habit, and a lack of awareness of health risks also supported chewing practices. These findings provide a strong foundation for continued work in this field aimed at identifying effective prevention and treatment strategies for oral cancer.
Dentistry, Faculty of
Graduate

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5

Auluck, Ajit. "Epidemiological shifts and risk behaviors for oral and oropharyngeal cancers in multicultural population of British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41390.

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Although smoking prevalence in British Columbia (BC) is decreasing, numbers of oral cancers are increasing. This change may reflect new emerging risk factors, including an increase in human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and greater immigration from high-risk countries. Currently, in BC there is no data on the trends in oral cancer incidence and survival by ethnicity or by etiologically clustered oral cancer subsites (oral cavity cancers, OCC, which are predominantly tobacco related; and oropharyngeal cancers, OPC, which are predominantly HPV-related). Oral cancers were retrieved from BC Cancer Registry (BCCR) from 1980 to 2006 and the following information collected: names, demographic, tumor, treatment and outcome information. When specific information was not complete, chart review was done. South Asian (SA) or Chinese ethnicities were determined by using previously generated ethnic surname list. Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR), age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) and 5-year survival rates for these three populations were calculated by sex, grouping the cancers into etiologically clustered subsites. Calculations were done for each year from 1980 to 2006. An ethnographic study was then conducted to describe the patterns of access, use and perceptions of SA men towards chewing tobacco-containing betel quid (BQ). Extensive field work included participant observations and semi-structured interviews. We have for the first time shown that the incidence of HPV-related OPC has surpassed that of tobacco-related OCC in men. For female, the incidence rates of OPC increased and OCC unchanged. AAIR for OCC was highest in SA males and females while rates of OPC were highest in general population males and Chinese males. Survival rates for OCC were unchanged and for OPC improved in males. SA had poorest survival rates for OCC. Ethnographic findings revealed that among SA males chewing tobacco-containing BQ was viewed as a culturally accepted practice. Availability of BQ, perceived benefits of chewing, ability to conceal the habit, and a lack of awareness of health risks also supported chewing practices. These findings provide a strong foundation for continued work in this field aimed at identifying effective prevention and treatment strategies for oral cancer.

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6

Guillet, Julie. "Les papillomavirus Humains dans les cancers des Voies Aéro-Digestives Supérieures : optimisation de méthodes de détection et étude de populations à risque." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0050/document.

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Les Papillomavirus Humains (HPV) sont responsables de près de 100% des cancers du col utérin. Récemment, ces HPV sont apparus comme étant aussi la cause de certaines tumeurs des voies aérodigestives supérieures, et particulièrement des carcinomes épidermoïdes de l’oropharynx. En France, la proportion des tumeurs oropharyngées HPV-induites est mal connue, notamment parce que le dépistage viral n’est pas recommandé. De plus, il est difficile d’évaluer la proportion de tumeurs HPV positives dans les tumorothèques car les échantillons tumoraux sont fixés dans du formol puis inclus en paraffine (FFIP), ce qui complexifie les techniques de détection. Nous avons, au cours de nos travaux, testé une méthode de détection des HPV à haut risque oncogène indiquée pour le traitement des frottis en phase liquide. Nous l’avons mise à l’épreuve sur des prélèvements FFIP et comparée à la technique de référence qu’est la PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) suivie d’une électrophorèse sur gel. Nos résultats indiquent que cette technique est applicable aux prélèvements tissulaires et apparaît même comme étant plus sensible. En France, deux tiers des patients atteints de tumeurs des VADS sont pris en charge à des stades tardifs. Ceci s’explique en partie par l’absence de dépistage organisé de ces cancers. Nous avons donc mené une étude prospective sur des patients atteints d’une tumeur des VADS afin de tester le frottis oral comme technique de dépistage des cancers mais également des infections par les HPV. Nos résultats indiquent que le frottis a une spécificité proche de celle de la biopsie (94,4%) pour le dépistage des cancers des VADS, mais une moindre sensibilité (66,7%). Cette étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence une tumeur HPV-induite dans 12,2% des cas. Parmi eux, nous avons détecté grâce à un frottis buccal (en zone saine) une infection par un HPV à haut risque oncogène dans 53,3% des cas. L’OMS a classé les HPV comme agents carcinogènes depuis 1995, et a établi que les patientes ayant développé un cancer du col utérin avaient un risque 6 fois plus élevé de développer une autre tumeur HPV-induite. Dans ce contexte, nous avons prévu une étude prospective multi-centrique visant à dépister une infection orale par un HPV oncogène chez des patientes porteuses d’une lésion pré-néoplasique ou néoplasique du col utérin. Le taux de co-infection des deux sites anatomiques est inconnu chez les femmes infectées au niveau génital. Dans la mesure où l’infection orale pourrait être à l’origine d’une seconde localisation tumorale, il semble important d’en connaître la proportion afin de proposer par la suite un suivi particulier aux populations « à risque ». Au-delà des traitements des cancers avérés se pose la question de la vaccination préventive, qui existe contre les HPV 16 et 18 dans la prévention des cancers du col utérin. Le type 16 étant retrouvé dans 90% des tumeurs épidermoïdes de l’oropharynx HPV-induites, l’extension des recommandations vaccinales apparaît comme une nouvelle question de santé publique
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are involved in almost 100% of cervical cancers. Recently, HPVs have been recognized as the cause of tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract, especially of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. In France, the proportion of oropharyngeal HPV-related tumors is unknown, partly because viral testing is not in guidelines. Moreover, assess the proportion of HPV-positive tumors in tumor banks is difficult because the tumor samples were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin (FFPE), which complicates detection techniques. We tested a high risk HPV detection method, indicated for liquid based pap smear, on FFPE samples. We compared this technique to the gold-standard : PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) followed by electrophoresis. Our results indicate that this technique is applicable to FFPE samples and even appears to be more sensitive. The majority of French patients (2/3) with head and neck consult with an advanced stage of disease. This is explained in part by the lack of organized screening of these cancers, contrary to breast, prostate, cervical, or colorectal cancers. But an early treatment is essential to increase the survival rate. We therefore conducted a prospective study on patients with head and neck tumors to test the oral brushing as screening cancer and HPV detection. We found tumor and/or dystrophic cells in 97.8% of patients with biopsy, and in 88.9% of patients by brushing. Compared with biopsy, our results suggested that smear has similar specificity for HPV detection in tumors (94.4%), but lower sensitivity (66.7%). This study has shown an HPV-related tumor in 12.2% of cases. Among them, we detected by brushing (in healthy area) an oral infection by high-risk HPV in 53.3% of cases. WHO has classified HPV as carcinogenic agents since 1995, and determined that patients who developed cervical cancer are six-times more likely to develop another HPV-related tumor. In this context, we have planned a multicenter prospective study to detect oral HPV infection in patients with a pre-neoplastic or neoplastic lesion of the cervix. Co-infection rate of the two anatomical sites is unknown in women infected with genital level. Insofar oral infection could be the cause of a second tumor location, it seems important to know how much women are co-infected to propose thereafter a special monitoring. The preventive vaccination, which exists against HPV 16 and 18 in the prevention of cervical cancer, is a future perspective. Because HPV 16 is found in 90% of HPV-related squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, extending vaccine recommendations emerge as a new public health issue

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7

Kauppila, J. (Joonas). "Toll-like receptor 9 in alimentary tract cancers." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526204482.

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Abstract Cancers of the alimentary tract include many common cancer types, some of which have well-established treatment protocols and relatively good prognosis, such as colorectal cancer, and others, which have generally very poor prognosis. The gastrointestinal canal is colonized by a multitude of bacteria, the effects of which are currently poorly understood. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in cells of the alimentary tract recognizes the bacterial DNA-fragments and regulates immune functions in the host and the cancer. This thesis examines the function and prognostic significance of Toll-like receptor 9 in oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as well as in esophageal, gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma. The studies were made using tissue samples from patient cohorts and various cell culture techniques. Our data indicate that high expression of Toll-like receptor 9 in cancer cells associates with metastatic properties in oral and esophageal cancers and poor prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell culture studies further suggest that TLR9 is functional in alimentary tract cancers and mediates cellular invasion when activated. Based on the results, TLR9 is active in alimentary tract cancers and its expression is related to poor cancer prognosis. Thus, TLR9 may represent a novel therapeutic target in alimentary tract cancers and might provide a link between bacteria and oral and gastrointestinal cancer
Tiivistelmä Ruuansulatuskanavan syöpiin lukeutuu useita yleisiä syöpätyyppejä, kuten kohtalaisen hyväennusteinen paksusuolen syöpä, jonka hoitokäytäntö on vakiintunut. Toisissa ruuansulatuskanavan syövissä puolestaan ennuste on hyvin huono. Mahasuolikanavaa asuttavat moninaiset bakteerikannat, joiden vaikutuksia ymmärretään vielä kehnosti. Tollinkaltainen reseptori 9 (TLR9) tunnistaa näiden bakteerien DNA-rakenteita ja vaikuttaa yksilön ja syövän immuunivasteeseen. Tämä väitöstutkimus selvittää TLR9:n toimintaa ja ennustevaikutusta suun ja ruokatorven levyepiteelisyövissä, sekä ruokatorven, mahalaukun ja paksusuolen adenokarsinoomassa. Tutkimus toteutettiin käyttäen syöpäpotilaiden kudosnäytteitä sekä soluviljelytekniikoita. Tuloksemme osoittavat, että TLR9:n lisääntynyt ilmentyminen syöpäsoluissa yhdistyy metastasointiin suu- ja ruokatorvisyövissä, sekä korkeaan kuolleisuuteen suun levyepiteelisyövässä ja ruokatorven adenokarsinoomassa. Soluviljelykokeidemme tuloksiin nojaten TLR9 toimii ruuansulatuskanavan syövissä ja sen aktivaatio saa aikaan solujen invasoitumisen. Tutkimustuloksiimme vedoten TLR9 on aktiivinen ja toimiva ruuansulatuskanavan syövissä ja sen ilmentyminen liittyy huonoon ennusteeseen. TLR9 saattaa osoittautua uudeksi syöpähoitojen kohteeksi tai yhdistäväksi tekijäksi syövän ja bakteerien välillä ruuansulatuskanavan syövissä tulevaisuudessa

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8

Le, Béguec Céline. "Analyse intégrative des ARN longs non-codants chez le chien et leurs implications dans le mélanome oral canin, modèle des mélanomes humains." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B030/document.

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Les ARN longs non-codants (lncRNAs) constituent une famille d'ARN hétérogènes qui jouent un rôle majeur dans de nombreux cancers et notamment dans les mélanomes. Le chien est un modèle naturel et spontané pour l’analyse génétique comparée des cancers et, l'annotation du génome canin a récemment été enrichie avec l'identification de plus 10 000 lncRNAs. Afin de réaliser des prédictions fonctionnelles bioinformatiques des lncRNAs, nous avons caractérisé les profils d'expression des lncRNAs canins à partir de 26 tissus distincts. Nous avons défini la spécificité tissulaire de l’expression des lncRNAs et inféré leur fonctionnalité potentielle par des analyses de génomique et de transcriptomique comparatives avec des données humaines issues du projet ENCODE (ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements). Comme chez l'homme et la souris, une grande proportion de lncRNAs canins (44 %) est exprimée de manière spécifique au sein d’un tissu. Par une approche de génomique comparative, nous avons identifié plus de 900 lncRNAs orthologues entre l’homme et le chien et pour 26 % d’entre eux, des patrons d'expression entre tissus significativement conservés (p < 0,05). Dans le cadre de l'étude des mélanomes canins, nous avons analysé les données de RNA-seq de 52 échantillons tumeurs/contrôles de mélanomes oraux. Nous avons identifié plus de 750 lncRNAs différentiellement exprimés entre la tumeur et le contrôle (FDR < 0,01), dont plus de 100 conservés avec l’homme. Ces lncRNAs constituent de bons candidats pour étudier la régulation de la progression tumorale des mélanomes chez le chien et pourront être évalués pour leurs potentiels diagnostic et thérapeutique en médecine humaine et vétérinaire
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a family of heterogeneous RNAs that play a major role in many cancers, particularly in melanomas. The dog is a natural and spontaneous model for the comparative genetic analysis of cancers and, the annotation of the canine genome has recently been enriched with the identification of over 10,000 lncRNAs. In order to perform functional bioinformatic predictions of lncRNAs, we have characterized the expression patterns of canine lncRNAs from 26 distinct tissues representative of the major functions of the organism. We defined the tissue specificity of lncRNAs expression and inferred their potential functionality by comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses with human data from the ENCODE project (ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements). As in humans and mice, we show that a large proportion of canine lncRNAs (44%) are expressed specifically within a tissue. Using a comparative genomic approach, we have identified more than 900 orthologue lncRNAs between humans and dogs, and we show that for 26% of them, tissue expression patterns are also significantly conserved (p < 0.05). In the study of canine melanomas, we investigated the lncRNAs from RNA-seq data from 52 tumour/control samples of oral melanoma. We identified more than 750lncRNAs differentially expressed between tumour and control (FDR < 0.01), of which more than 100 were conserved with humans. These lncRNAs are good candidates to study the regulation of tumour progression of melanomas in dogs and can be evaluated for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential in human and veterinary medicine

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9

Carton, Matthieu. "Facteurs de risque professionnels des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures chez les femmes : analyse des données de l’étude Icare." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV002/document.

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Contexte : Peu d’études ont recherché le rôle des facteurs de risque professionnels dans la survenue des cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures (VADS). Ces études ont été conduites principalement chez des hommes.Objectif : L’objectif de cette thèse était d’étudier les associations entre les cancers des VADS et les expositions professionnelles chez les femmes.Méthodes : Icare est une étude cas-témoins en population générale incluant 296 cas féminins de cancers épidermoïdes des VADS et 775 femmes témoins. Les historiques de carrières recueillis ont été codés et croisés avec les matrices emplois-expositions du programme Matgéné. Outre les intitulés d’emplois, les expositions à 5 solvants chlorés (chloroforme, chlorure de méthylène, perchloréthylène, trichloréthylène, tétrachlorure de carbone), 5 solvants oxygénés (éthylène glycol, tétrahydrofurane, éther éthylique, cétones, alcools), 5 solvants pétroliers (essences carburants, essences spéciales, gazole, benzène, white-spirit) et à 7 poussières et fibres (amiante, farine, cuir, fibres céramiques réfractaires, ciment, laines minérales, silice) ont été étudiées. Les odds-ratios et leurs intervalles de confiance à 95% ajustés sur l’âge, le département, les consommations de tabac et d’alcool ont été estimés par régressions logistiques non conditionnelles.Résultats :Plusieurs professions et secteurs d’activité associés à un risque élevé de cancer des VADS ont été identifiés. Certaines professions (ouvrières de l’alimentation et des boissons, monteuses en appareillage électrique ou électronique, soudeuses) peuvent être à l’origine d’expositions professionnelles aux solvants, aux métaux, aux fumées de soudage et à diverses poussières. Les analyses par nuisance ont mis en évidence des associations significatives entre le risque de cancer des VADS et l’exposition au perchloréthylène et au au trichloréthylène. Aucune association claire n’est observée avec les solvants pétroliers et oxygénés, certains largement utilisés par les femmes L’exposition aux poussières de farine augmente significativement le risque de cancer des VADS. Une exposition probable à l’amiante est associée à une augmentation modérée et non significative du risque. Les analyses par localisation de cancer (cavité orale, pharynx, larynx), limitées par des effectifs faibles, ne mettent pas en évidence d’association spécifique.Conclusion : Nos résultats suggèrent un rôle des expositions professionnelles au trichloréthylène, au perchloréthylène et aux poussières de farine dans la survenue des cancers des VADS chez les femmes
Background : Few occupational studies have addressed head and neck cancer, and these studies have been predominantly conducted in men. Objective : Our objective was to investigate the associations between head and neck cancer and occupational exposures in women Population and methods : ICARE, a French population-based case–control study, included 296 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) in women and 775 female controls. Lifelong occupational history was collected. Job-exposure matrices were used to assess exposure to five chlorinated solvents (carbon tetrachloride; chloroform; methylene chloride; perchloroethylene; trichloroethylene), 5 petroleum solvents (benzene; special petroleum product; gasoline; white-spirits and other light aromatic mixtures; diesel, fuels and kerosene), 5 oxygenated solvents (alcohols; ketones and esters; ethylene glycol; diethyl ether; tetrahydrofuran) and 7 fibers and dusts (asbestos, flour dust, leather dust, refractory ceramic fibers, cement dust, mineral wools and silica) . An analysis by job title was conducted, and then associations with specific occupational exposures were investigated.Odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for smoking, alcohol drinking, age and residence area, were estimated with logistic models. Results : Significantly increased HNSCC risks were found for several jobs and industries. Some of these occupations (food and beverage processors, electrical and electronic equipment assemblers, welders and flame cutters) may entail exposure to agents such as solvents, metals, welding fumes and various dusts. Analyses for specific occupational exposures showed a significantly elevated risk of HNSCC associated with exposure to trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene. There is no clear evidence that petroleum or oxygenated solvents, some of them commonly used by women, are risk factors for HNSCC. Exposure to flour dust increased significantly HNSCC risk. Probable exposure to asbestos was associated with a moderate, non-significant elevation in risk. Analyses by cancer site (oral cavity, pharynx, larynx) were hampered by small numbers and did to reveal any specific association.Conclusion : These findings suggest that occupational exposure to perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene and flour dust may increase the risk of HNSCC in women

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supsavhad, wachiraphan. "Novel Molecular Targets for Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471628009.

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Pervilhac, Loredana. "Facteurs de risque des cancers de la cavité orale : Analyse des données d'un étude cas-témoins en population, l'étude ICARE." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00821931.

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Le cancer de la cavité orale représente un problème important de santé publique en France où les taux d'incidence sont parmi les plus élevés au monde. Bien qu'une détection précoce soit possible, ces tumeurs sont souvent diagnostiquées à un stade avancé et sont ainsi responsables de plus de 1500 décès par an. L'objectif général est de clarifier le rôle et l'impact des différents facteurs de risque dans la survenue des cancers de la cavité orale en France, notamment d'examiner de façon détaillée le rôle du tabac et de l'alcool par localisation anatomique précise, et d'étudier les associations avec d'autres facteurs de risque potentiels (indice de masse corporelle, antécédents médicaux, antécédents familiaux de cancer, consommations de café et de thé). Ce travail s'appuie sur les données d'une large étude cas-témoins en population générale, l'étude ICARE. Il porte sur un sous-ensemble de ces sujets (772 cas de cancer de la cavité orale et 3555 témoins). Les résultats montrent que le tabac augmente le risque de cancer de la cavité orale même pour des quantités et/ou durées faibles, alors que l'augmentation de risque liée à l'alcool n'est observée que pour de fortes consommations. L'effet conjoint du tabac et de l'alcool est plus que multiplicatif. Les associations avec les consommations d'alcool et de tabac varient selon la sous localisation : les associations les plus fortes sont observées pour le plancher buccal, les plus faibles pour les gencives. L'étude des autres facteurs de risque a mis en évidence : une association inverse entre risque de cancer de la cavité orale et indice de masse corporelle, avec un risque plus faible chez les personnes en surpoids ou obèses ; un risque augmenté lorsqu'un parent du 1er degré a été atteint d'un cancer des voies aéro-digestives supérieures ; un risque élevé chez les personnes présentant des antécédents de candidose buccale ; un risque diminué chez les consommateurs de thé ou de café. A partir de ces premiers résultats, il est envisagé de construire un score prédictif de cancer de la cavité orale permettant d'identifier les sujets à risque élevé sur lesquels cibler préférentiellement les actions de dépistage.

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Bourmaud, Aurélie. "La non-adhésion aux traitements oraux dans les situations adjuvantes et métastatiques des cancers." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10267/document.

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Les traitements en cancérologie sont soumis au même risque de non-adhérence que les autres traitements ambulatoires au long cours. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectifs : i) d'étudier les facteurs de risque de dis-adhérence ; ii) de développer un programme d'éducation du patient (PEP) permettant d'améliorer l'adhérence des patients. La première étude étudie les facteurs de risque de non adhésion liés à l'interaction avec le système de soin ; les pratiques des oncologues français relatives à la prescription, la surveillance et l'accompagnement des patients ne sont pas suffisantes actuellement pour assurer un bon niveau de sécurité et d'adhérence des patients sous anticancéreux oraux. Les facteurs de risque de non adhésion liés au patient et au traitement sont étudiés dans la deuxième étude, chez des patients traités par capécitabine pour cancer du sein ou du côlon. Les patients actifs avec un niveau éducatif élevé seraient moins adhérents que les 2 autres. L'ensemble des patients sous capécitabine ont des comportements de sur-adhérence qui mettent en péril leur vie à cause des toxicités induites. La troisième étude présente l'évaluation d'un PEP construit selon une méthodologie standardisée. Ce programme démontre une efficacité dans l'amélioration des connaissances des patientes et de la confiance dans le traitement. Cette étude pilote a permis de modifier ce programme pour qu'il soit plus efficace. Identifier les facteurs de risque de non adhérence aux traitements anticancéreux oraux, à l'aide de méthodologies valides et adaptées au contexte, permet de construire des stratégies d'amélioration de l'adhérence ciblées et efficaces, en faisant levier sur ces facteurs
Non-adherence to oral chemotherapies can lead to lowered efficacy and increased risk of adverse events. The objective of this PhD work was twofold : i) to identify dis-adherence risk factors ii) to develop and test the feasibility of a validated, tailored therapeutic educational program with the aim of improving adherence to oral endocrine adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. A survey was carried out to collect information on drug prescription, administration and surveillance, in order to identify non- adherence risk factors related to health professional behaviors : the majority of prescribers followed no standards in prescription writing, safety monitoring, toxicity prevention and patient education. A cohort study was carried out to identify adherence profiles among patients treated with capecitabine, using a mixed method. A profile of low adherence appeared (highly educated patients, with an irregular active life, with occupied relatives) and absolutely all patients showed an over-adherence profile (with a high risk of toxicity). The pilot study assessing the development and the feasibility of an educational program tailored to patients’ needs led to the improvement of the program : an extra session dealing with anxiety was built, and a new recruitment method was developed. Otherwise, the program succeeded in improving knowledge and trust in the treatment. This PhD work succeeded in identifying new dis-adherence risk factors, thanks to qualitative-quantitative methods. Those risk factors were incorporate in the development process of an educational program, in order to tailor it to the targeted population. This method should guarantee the efficacy of the program on patient’s adherence

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Paget-Bailly, Sophie. "Facteurs de risque professionnels des cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures : Synthèse des données épidémiologiques et analyse d’une étude cas-témoins, l’étude Icare." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA11T061/document.

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Contexte : L’amiante est maintenant une cause avérée de cancer du larynx, mais le rôle des expositions professionnelles dans la survenue des cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures (VADS) reste largement méconnu. Bien que plusieurs études aient rapporté des associations entre les expositions professionnelles et ces cancers, il est difficile de synthétiser les résultats et d’en tirer des conclusions définitives. Objectifs : (1) Le premier objectif est de synthétiser les données épidémiologiques disponibles sur les associations entre les cancers de la cavité buccale, du pharynx et du larynx (les cancers des VADS les plus fréquents) et les expositions professionnelles ; (2) le second objectif est, à partir des données d’une large étude cas-témoins, l'étude Icare, d'identifier les professions ou industries présentant des risques élevés de cancer des VADS, puis d'étudier le rôle de certaines expositions professionnelles suspectées (amiante, laines minérales (LM), poussières de ciment, silice). Matériel et méthodes : (1) Une recherche bibliographique et des séries de méta-analyses ont été réalisées pour certaines expositions professionnelles suspectées. (2) L'étude Icare est une étude cas-témoins en population générale française incluant 2415 cas de cancer des VADS et 3555 témoins. L'historique professionnel complet des sujets a été recueilli, avec une description détaillée de chaque emploi exercé. L'évaluation des expositions à l'amiante, aux LM, aux poussières de ciment et à la silice sur l’ensemble de la vie professionnelle a été réalisée à l'aide des matrices emplois-expositions développées dans le cadre du programme Matgéné (Institut de Veille Sanitaire). Résultats : Des méta-risques relatifs (méta-RR) significativement augmentés ont été observés pour le cancer du larynx et les expositions aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP), aux gaz d'échappement de moteurs, au travail dans l'industrie textile et dans l'industrie du caoutchouc, et pour le cancer de la cavité buccale et du pharynx et les expositions à l'amiante, aux HAP et aux gaz d'échappement de moteurs. Des augmentations de risque significatives ont été observées pour plusieurs professions et secteurs d'activité exposant notamment aux nuisances présentant des méta-RR augmentés. Les résultats des analyses par nuisance confirment l'association entre l'amiante et le cancer du larynx et suggèrent également une association avec les cancers de la cavité buccale et du pharynx. Une association avec les poussières de ciment est également suggérée. Les résultats ne sont pas en faveur d’un rôle de l’exposition aux LM et à la silice.Conclusion : Ce travail renforce l’hypothèse d’un rôle des expositions professionnelles dans la survenue des cancers des VADS. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent des associations entre le risque de cancer des VADS et les expositions à l'amiante, aux HAP, aux poussières de ciment, et le travail dans l'industrie du caoutchouc
Background: There is sufficient evidence that asbestos causes laryngeal cancer, but overall the role of occupational exposures in the etiology of head and neck cancer (HNC) remains largely unknown. Although several studies have reported associations between occupational exposures and HNC, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions. Objectives: (1) To summarize available epidemiologic data on occupational exposures and cancers of the oral cavity (OC), pharynx and larynx (the most frequent HNC); (2) using data from a large case-control study, to identify occupations and industries with an increased risk of HNC, then to investigate the role of some suspected occupational exposures (asbestos, mineral wools (MW), cement dust, silica). Methods: (1) A literature research and a series of meta-analyses were performed. (2) The Icare study is a French population-based case-control study including 2415 HNC cases and 3555 controls. Complete and detailed occupational histories were collected. Analyses by job title were conducted. Job exposure matrices, developed by the Occupational Health Department of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), were used to assess lifetime occupational exposure to asbestos, MW, cement dust and silica. Results: Significantly increased meta-relative risks (meta-RR) were obtained considering laryngeal cancer and exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), engine exhausts, working in the textile industry and the rubber industry, and for cancer of the OC and pharynx and exposures to asbestos, PAH and engine exhausts. Significantly increased risks were found for several jobs and industries, some of them entailing exposures to agents for which meta-RR were increased. Analyses for specific occupational exposures confirmed the association between asbestos and laryngeal cancer and showed an association with the risk of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer. An association with exposure to cement dust was also suggested. The results did not support an association between HNC risk and exposure to MW or silica. Conclusion: This work emphasizes the role of occupational exposures in HNC. Overall, our results suggest associations between HNC and exposure to asbestos, PAH, cement dust, and work in the rubber industry

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Fasunla, Ayotunde James [Verfasser], and A. M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Sesterhenn. "A Meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials on elective neck dissection versus therapeutic neck dissection in oral cavity cancers with clinically node-negative neck / Ayotunde James Fasunla. Betreuer: A. M. Sesterhenn." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1013256182/34.

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15

Schildt, Elsy-Britt. "Etiology of oral cancer." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Onkologi, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96907.

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Sharuga, Constance R., Tabitha Price, and Deborah Dotson. "HPV and Oral Cancer." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2532.

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Excerpt: According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 20 million Americans are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), and another 6 million will become infected each year.

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Zaouali, Hasna. "Etude acoustique de la production de la parole chez des patients glossectomisés." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC021.

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Le présent travail porte sur la production de la parole après exérèse chirurgicale d’une tumeur de la cavité buccale et oro-pharyngée afin de déceler les différentes perturbations articulatori-acoustiques qu’entraîne cette opération chirurgicale. Cette étude longitudinale vise à mettre au jour les possibles stratégies de compensation ou de réajustements que le patient peut mettre en place, seul ou à l’aide d’une rééducation orthophonique. L’originalité de ce travail réside dans la place importante accordée au niveau de l’organisation spatiotemporelle de la parole, à partir de l’exploitation de plusieurs paramètres articulatori-acoustiques, inter et intra segmentaux. Trois tâches linguistiques ont été étudiées : 1) la production de voyelles tenues [i, a, u] ; 2) la production de séquences VCV dans deux contextes différents, la consonne étant l’une des occlusives ou des fricatives du français [p, t, k, b, d, g, s, ʃ, z, ʒ] ; 3) l’évaluation subjective de la qualité de parole après glossectomie. Les enregistrements acoustiques des productions des patients ont été effectués pendant 4 phases : 1) en préopératoire (la veille de l’intervention) ; 2) en Postop1 (entre 1 et 1, 5 mois) ; 3) en Postop2 (3 mois après la chirurgie) ; et 4) en Postop3 (6mois après l’intervention). Dix patients et trois sujets sains ont été enregistrés. Les données recueillies auprès des patients, informant sur les perturbations et les ajustements en parole, correspondaient aux mesures temporelles et spectrales effectuées sur le signal acoustique, ainsi que l’auto-évaluation par les patients de la qualité de leur parole (Speech Handicap Index ou SHI). Les perturbations des gestes articulatoires et les ajustements relevés, propres à chaque patient, à partir des données acoustiques nous ont permis de mettre en exergue les caractérisations des production vocaliques et consonantiques après exérèse carcinologique localisée dans le système de production de la parole. Il s’est révélé intéressant que les modifications de la synergie linguale avec différentes structures dans le conduit vocal, ainsi que les changements anatomophysiologiques des cavités orales, apportées par la glossectomie, empêchent certains patients d’atteindre les cibles articulatoires attendues. Néanmoins, les productions demeurent, de manière générale, dans des zones de viabilité, correspondant au bout du compte à des réalisations articulatori-acoustiques intelligibles
The present work focuses on the production of speech after surgical excision of a tumour in the oral and oropharyngeal cavity in order to detect various articulatory-acoustic perturbations that such a surgical operation entails. This longitudinal study aims to reveal possible compensation or readjustment strategies that the patient can deploy, alone or with the help of speech therapy. The originality of this work lies in the importance given to the spatial and temporal organisation of speech, by examining several articulatori-acoustic inter and intra segmental parameters. Three linguistic tasks have been investigated: 1) the production of sustained vowels [i, a, u]; 2) the production of VCV sequences in two different contexts, the consonant being one of the French plosives or fricatives [p, t, k, b, d, g, s, ʃ, z, ʒ]; 3) a subjective assessment of speech quality after glossectomy. The acoustic recordings of the patients' productions were carried out during 4 phases: 1) preoperatively (the day before the intervention); 2) in Postop1 (between 1 and 1, 5 months); 3) in Postop2 (3 months after surgery); 4) in Postop3 (6 months after the intervention).Ten patients and three healthy subjects were recorded. The data collected from patients, informing about perturbations and adjustments, corresponded to temporal and spectral measurements carried out on the acoustic speech signal. The also included self-evaluation by the patients of the quality of their speech (Speech Handicap Index or SHI). Perturbation of the articulatory gestures and subsequent adjustments, observed for each patient from the acoustic data, allowed highlighting characterisations of vocalic and consonantal productions after tumour excision localised in the speech production system. It was interesting to realise that changes in lingual synergy with different structures in the vocal tract, as well as anatomo-physiological changes in the oral cavities, provoked by glossectomy, prevent some patients from attaining expected articulatory targets. However, productions generally remain within viability domains, ultimately corresponding to intelligible articulatory-acoustic productions

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Ktenas, Paul. "Oral squamous carcinoma." University of Sydney, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4637.

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Master of Dental Surgery
This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au

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Macfarlane, Gary John. "The epidemiology of oral cancer." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357309.

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Rochefort, Juliette. "Le microenvironnement immunitaire des Carcinomes épidermoides de la cavité orale." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066351/document.

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Les carcinomes épidermoïdes de la cavité orale (CECO) représentent environ 25% des cancers de la tête et du cou (HNSCC). Ils sont associés à un mauvais pronostic avec une survie à 10 ans n'excédant pas ~ 30%. Alors que le virus du papillome humain (HPV) est un facteur de risque reconnu dans les HNSCC, il n'est pas impliqué dans les CECO dont les principaux facteurs de risque sont liés à la consommation d'alcool et de tabac. Cependant, plusieurs auteurs notent une part croissante de CECO chez des patients non exposés à l’alcool et au tabac (facteurs de risque négatifs: RF-) et dont le statut HPV est négatif. Il est aujourd’hui reconnu que le microenvironnement immunitaire (TME) peut jouer un rôle majeur dans la progression et l'échappement tumoral. Dans notre travail, nous avons cherché à savoir si les CECO RF- sont épidémiologiquement différents des CECO RF+ (facteurs de risques positifs: RF+) et si la composition immunitaire du TME et des cellules circulantes diffère selon ces deux groupes. Ainsi, dans une première partie, nous avons étudié une cohorte rétrospective de 553 patients atteints de CECO et comparé les paramètres cliniques et épidémiologiques entre les patients RF+ et RF-. Ensuite, nous avons étudié de manière prospective par rapport aux facteurs de risque ces deux entités d'un point de vue immunitaire en analysant des échantillons de sang et de tissus de 87 patients et en les comparant à des échantillons de tissus et de sang de témoins sains. Notre travail a permis d'associer une hétérogénéité clinique à des profils immunologiques distincts pouvant prédire un pronostic différent pour les patients RF+ ou RF- : puisque les CECO sont des cancers inflammatoires présentant un important infiltrat de divers composants immunitaires innés, il s'est avéré que la numération sanguine des lymphocytes T CD8+ supérieure à 306 cellules/μL chez les RF- et des cellules T régulatrices (Treg) supérieure à 47 cellules/μL chez les patients RF+ ont respectivement été associées à une meilleure survie sans maladie (DFS). En revanche, un pourcentage plus élevé de cellules Th17 dans le sang ou le TME de patients RF+ a été associé à une moins bonne survie sans récidive (DFS). Dans une troisième partie de cette thèse, nous avons étudié la migration d'un sous-ensemble de Treg exprimant CCR2, (récepteur de chimiokine pour CCL2), et montré qu'une diminution des Treg CCR2+ circulants chez les patients atteints de CECO était associée à une augmentation des Treg CCR2+ dans le TME. Enfin, en étudiant les structures lymphoïdes tertiaires (TLS), décrites dans le TME de divers cancers solides mais très peu dans les CECO, nous avons confirmé qu’ils étaient présents dans ces cancers et que de fortes densités de TLS sont principalement associées aux stades précoces du cancer et sont des facteurs de bon pronostic
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) represent about 25% of Head and Neck Cancer (HNSCC). They are associated with a very poor prognosis with a 10-year survival which not exceeds ~30%. While the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a more recognized risk factor for oropharyngeal HNSCC, HPV is not involved in OSCC whose the main risk factors are related to the consumption of alcohol and tobacco. However, an increase of OSCC in patients who are not exposed to alcohol and tobacco (non-smoker-non-drinker: NSND) and whose the HPV status is negative is now reported. It is well known that immune tumor microenvironment (TME) may play a major role in tumor progression and tumor escape. Whether OSCC in NSND patients are epidemiologically different from OSCC occurring in smoker/drinker (smoker-drinker: SD) patients, and may have different immune composition of their TME and of circulating immune cells as well is addressed in this thesis. Thus in a first part, we studied a retrospective cohort of 553 OSCC patients and compared clinical and epidemiological parameters between NSND and SD patients. Then, we have prospectively studied in relation to risk factors these two entities from an immune point of view by analyzing blood and tissue samples from 87 patients and comparing them to tissue and blood samples from healthy controls (HD). Our work has allowed to associate this clinical heterogeneity with distinct immunological profiles that may predict different prognosis for NDNS or SD patients: since OSCC are inflammatory cancers presenting an important infiltrate of various innate immune components, it turned out that blood count of CD8+ T cells >306/µL in NSND and blood count of regulator T cells (Treg) >47/µL in SD patients were associated with a better disease free survival (DFS), respectively. By contrast, higher percentage of Th17 cells in the blood or TME from SD patients were associated with a bad DFS. In a third part of this thesis, we studied the migration of a Treg subset that expressed CCR2, a chemokine receptor for CCL2, and showed that a decrease of circulating CCR2+ Treg in OSCC patients was associated with an increase of CCR2+ Treg in the TME. Finally, by studying tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that have been described in the TME of various solid cancers but very few in OSCC, we confirmed that TLS are present in OSCC cancers and that high densities of TLS are mainly associated with early stages of cancer and are factors of good prognosis

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Röing, Marta. "Understanding Oral Cancer - A Lifeworld Approach." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Surgical Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8284.

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Dental involvement with oral cancer patients during their treatment and rehabilitation can be long and intense. How can dental personnel better understand their role in the treatment of these patients? How does treatment affect the patients and their spouses? In searching for answers, the theories of phenomenography, phenomenology and hermeneutics are used to describe and interpret the experiences of the hospital dental treatment teams, oral cancer patients, and their spouses.

Study I reveals that hospital dental treatment teams perceive the encounter with head and neck cancer patients in three qualitatively different ways; as an act of caring, as a serious and responsible task, and as an overwhelming emotional situation, indicating that they are not always able to lean on education and professional training in dealing with situations with strong emotional impact. Study II gives insight into the lifeworld of oral cancer patients, and how the patient becomes embodied in a mouth that is increasingly `uncanny´, as it slowly ceases to function normally. Study III shows that oral cancer puts a hold on the lifeworld of the patients’ spouses which can be described as `living in a state of suspension´. These findings suggest that the support needs of patients and spouses appear to be greatest at treatment end, when, upon returning home, they are faced with the accumulated impact of the patients’ sickness and treatment. Study IV gives insight into what it may mean to live with the consequences of oral cancer, revealing a silent physical, emotional and existential struggle to adjust to a changed way of living.

This thesis raises the question if todays’ organisation of oral cancer care can meet the varying emotional and existential needs of treatment teams, patients and spouses that were brought to light.

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22

Yip, Shuaih-yee Bethia. "Oral care practice in cancer nursing /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36397040.

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23

Röing, Marta. "Understanding oral cancer - a lifeworld approach /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Uppsala universitetsbibliotek [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8284.

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24

Yip, Shuaih-yee Bethia, and 葉率意. "Oral care practice in cancer nursing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45011990.

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25

Woolgar, Julia Anne. "Lymph node metastasis in oral cancer." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260368.

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26

Hornby, Antony Paul. "Modulation of the risk to oral cancer." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29112.

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Анотація:

Millions of people use smokeless tobacco, such as snuff, chewing tobacco, nass or nasswar (a mixture of tobacco, slaked lime, ash and oil), Khaini tobacco (tobacco and slaked lime), or as part of a simple betel quid (areca nut, tobacco, lime, betel leaf) or a complex "pan" (betel quid with catechu, seeds, perfumes and silver foils). These habits which are involved in the etiology of oral cancer, have been of concern since snuff dipping is becoming popular among teenagers of Canada and the United States. To prevent the development of oral cancer among snuff dippers, it appeared necessary to trace the etiological factors, to develop markers which would identify individuals at elevated risk for oral cancer, and to test the usefulness of these "intermediate endpoints" in following the response of the oral mucosa to the administration of chemopreventive agents. The population groups chosen for this study included Inuit, Canadian Indians and East Indians. Approximately 57.0% of Inuit males from Gjoa Haven (Northwest Territories) used snuff, 62.6% of native Indians of La Loche (Saskatchewan) dipped snuff daily, and 54.0% of East Indian fisherman from along the coast of Kerala (India) chewed tobacco in the form of a betel quid. The chewing patterns were as follows: number of dips per day for the Inuit were 8.03 at 25.2 min per dip, for the native Indians 9.1 dips per day at 20.3 min per dip and for the East Inians 17.2 chews per day at 15.2 min per chew. N-Nitroso compounds were found in the saliva of snuff dippers and betel quid chewers. They are considered to be the most probable etiological factors in the development of oral cancers, since they are the only known carcinogens present in mg/kg quantities in the various tobacco mixtures. High levels of nitrite, a precursor to nitrosamines, were found in tobaccos used by the Canadian natives. Up to 1040 mg/kg nitrite was detected in tobacco samples used by this population. High levels of nitrite were also detected in the saliva of Inuit and Canadian Indian snuff dippers: up to 0.25 mg/ml of nitrite appeared in the saliva within 5 to 10 min of a snuff dipping session. Nitrite was also detected in the saliva of East Indian betel quid chewers, averaging 36.27 μg/ml. Since nitrite can serve as a precursor to nitroamine reactions, the in vitro nitrosation capacity of saliva from a snuff dipper was tested. After the addition of 200 mg proline to the saliva of a snuff dipper at pH 2.5, an 18fold increase in nitrosoproline (NPRO) was observed over control levels. Moreover, NPROwas observed in the urine of chewers at a fivefold increased level over non-chewers. These results indicate an elevated level of nitrosation within individuals who dip snuff. This increased endogenous nitrosation reaction in snuff dippers can lead to the formation of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. Snuff dippers and tobacco chewers are also exposed to tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Levels from 3200 ppb for N-nitrosonornicotine (NNK) to 170,000 ppb for N-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) were found in commonly used brands of snuff which were commercially available in the Northwest Territories. In addition, relatively high levels of these carcinogenic nitrosamines were detected in the saliva of chewers (up to 980 μg/ml of saliva). The second objective of this study was the development of markers which indicate early changes in a human tissue exposed to carcinogens. Two markers were used to detail the damage occurring in the oral mucosa of users of smokeless tobacco. The first was micronuclei which was applied to exfoliated cells from the oral mucosa. This assay is a quantitative indicator of chromosomal breakage. An elevated frequency of micronucleated cells was observed in the oral mucosa of Inuit snuff dippers, native Canadian Indians and East Indian chewers of tobacco-containing betel quids, as compared to corresponding individuals who did not use smokeless tobacco. The second marker was oral leukoplakia, a preneoplastic lesion commonly found in the oral mucosa of betel quid chewers. By using these two markers to quantify carcinogen-induced damage during the preneoplastic stage, it appeared feasible to identify individuals at elevated risk for developing oral cancer. The study explored the possibility of using the above-mentioned markers to follow the response of smokeless tobacco users to the administration of beta-carotene and vitamin A. The administration of beta-carotene (180 mg/week) for ten weeks significantly reduced the level of micronucleated cells in the oral mucosa of a group of Inuit snuff dippers who continued to use their usual amount of snuff during the trial period. Similarly, the levels of micronucleated cells in the oral mucosa of chewers of tobacco-containing betel quids (East Indians) were significantly reduced after three months on a regime of either 180 mg/week of beta-carotene or 180 mg/week of beta-carotene plus 100,000 IU of vitamin A. The reduction of micronucleated oral mucosal cells occurred more rapidly than the remission of leukoplakia in the East Indian group as did the inhibition of newly formed leukoplakia following the administration of the two chemopreventive agents. The remission of established oral leukoplakia was significant (P = 0.004) only after six months in the betel quid chewers receiving beta-carotene plus vitamin A compared to the group receiving a placebo. The treated group also showed a significant reduction in the appearance of new oral leukoplakia (P = 0.08). The administration of vitamin A alone (200,000 IU/week) to betel quid chewers produced a highly significant remission of established leukoplakia (P = 0.0000089) plus an inhibition of the formation of new leukoplakia (P = 0.024) as compared to the placebo group. The East Indians continued to chew betel quids throughout the administration of chemopreventive agents. Many different scientific disciplines are necessary to obtain understanding of the etiological factors involved in the development of a particular cancer, and to recognize early changes in the target tissue to carcinogens. Only a profound understanding of these events will help in the early identification of individuals at elevated risk to cancer, the design of largescale chemopreventive trials, and the selection of the most effective chemopreventive agents.
Medicine, Faculty of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of
Graduate

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27

Veeramachaneni, Ratna. "High resolution genomic analses of oral cancer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529248.

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28

Mulhall, Hayley J. "The use of dielectrophoresis in oral cancer." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538039.

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29

Awojobi, Oluwatunmise. "Encouraging the early presentation of oral cancer." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/encouraging-the-early-presentation-of-oral-cancer(df6a68f9-220b-4fdf-8fd6-fad00d076117).html.

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30

Thirthagiri, Eswary. "Mechanisms of genomic instability in oral cancer." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/dc1b9061-be5b-4839-a266-de82fd1da5cf.

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31

Bossaer, John B., and Kelly L. Covert. "Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Cancer." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7793.

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Анотація:

Purpose:This review summarizes the available evidence concerning direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer as well as pertinent safety data on the use of DOACs in patients with both cancer and atrial fibrillation. Summary:The introduction of DOACs into clinical practice changed the way thrombotic complications are managed and prevented in diverse patient populations, including VTE and atrial fibrillation. Low-molecular-weight heparins have been the standard of care for treating VTE in cancer patients due to superiority over vitamin K antagonists in preventing recurrent VTE. Therefore, widespread DOAC use for VTE in patients with active cancer has not been adopted. Conclusion:Recent randomized clinical trials (SELECT-D, Hokusai VTE Cancer) have provided evidence that DOACs may have a role in treating VTE in cancer patients.

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32

Santos, Carlos Eduardo Silva. "Cancro oral: influência do HPV no desenvolvimento do carcinoma oral das células escamosas." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4204.

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Анотація:

Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária
Os tumores malignos da cabeça e pescoço representam o sexto tipo mais prevalente no mundo, sendo o cancro oral o que surge com maior frequência e que ocorre, em 90% dos casos, sob a forma histológica de carcinoma das células escamosas. As elevadas taxas de mortalidade e morbilidade que são atribuídas ao cancro oral prendem-se pela detecção tardia da patologia e pelas recorrências que surgem mesmo após excisão total que, por sua vez, são explicadas pela “cancerização em campo”, extensão esta onde se encontram células com alterações genéticas sugestivas e que justificam uma origem multifocal. Apesar de álcool e tabaco serem factores de risco dominantes comprovados, aproximadamente 10-20% de indivíduos acometidos não possuem este historial tóxico e representam uma faixa etária mais jovem; as evidências epidemiológicas, similaridade com as lesões do cancro ano-genital e o potencial oncogénico, nomeadamente dos subtipos 16 e 18, suscitaram o interesse em investigar o Vírus do Papiloma Humano – viabilizado através de conduta sexual – como factor de risco independente ou modulador do processo de carcinogénese. As pesquisas têm gerado controvérsia sobre a importância da detecção e papel efectivo deste agente no desenvolvimento do carcinoma das células escamosas, apontando como argumentos as grandes variações de ADN viral detectado nas lesões (1-100%) e a dificuldade em especificar se os locais anatómicos afectados eram apenas orais, da orofaringe ou outros. Os dentistas têm um papel preponderante na detecção das lesões orais e, como tal, é importante aprofundar as investigações no âmbito desta temática. Head and neck malignant tumors represent the 6th most prevalent type worldwide, being oral cancer the most frequent one, appearing, in 90% of cases, under the histological form of squamous cell carcinoma. The high mortality and morbility rates due to oral cancer are explained by the late detection of the pathology and recurrences that rise even after total excision, which in turn is explained by the “cancerization field”, an extension where is possible to find cells with suggestive genetic alterations and that justifies a multifocal origin. Despite alcohol and tobacco arise as dominant and proven risk factors, approximately 10-20% of the affected individuals not only don’t present this toxic history but also fit in a younger age group; the epidemiological evidence, the similarity with anogenital cancer lesions and the oncogenic capability, namely 16 and 18 subtypes, brought up the concern on investigating the Human Papillomavirus – transmitted by sexual conduct – as an independent risk factor or a modulator of the carcinogenesis process, notedly in oropharynx cancer. Researches have been creating dissonant opinions about the significance of detection and effective role of this virus on the development of squamous cell carcinoma, presenting as arguments the wide range of viral DNA detected in lesions (1-100%) and the lack of specification shown by studies whether the affected locations were solely oral, oropharingeal or others. Dentists have a leading role on the screening of oral lesions and, therefore, it becomes clear the importance of deepening the investigations on this field suppressing possible confounding factors.

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33

Öhrn, Kerstin. "Oral health and experience of oral care among cancer patients during radio- or chemotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-602.

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Анотація:

Oral complications and symptoms are common among patients with cancer. The aim of this thesis is to study several aspects of oral status, oral health and its relation to quality of life, and oral care among patients treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Descriptive, comparative and correlational designs were used.

A series of consecutive patients admitted to a university hospital or a regional hospital to receive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer or chemotherapy for haematological malignancies, were studied prospectively with regard to oral symptoms and their relation to health-related quality of life using interviews and questionnaires, examination of the oral cavity and saliva tests. All nurses and enrolled nurses who worked with these patients or with patients with lung cancer were interviewed about their education and knowledge in oral care and performed oral care. The medical and nursing records on patients with these cancer diseases at the two hospitals were reviewed.

The results indicate that patients receiving radiotherapy experienced increasing oral symptoms, which remained to a large extent one month after treatment. Patients receiving chemotherapy did not experience oral symptoms to the same extent. The oral symptoms were significantly related to patients' health-related quality of life, particularly among those receiving radiotherapy. Data also indicate that there is a lack of adequate education and continuing education in oral care among nursing staff. All patients were not examined orally before or during treatment, nor did they receive sufficient information or instruction related to oral hygiene. Patient compliance with oral hygiene procedures was acceptable, although some patients reported difficulties. Oral status and oral care were insufficiently documented, particularly in nursing records. The attitudes to oral examination and discussion on oral hygiene differed between nursing staff and patients. Nursing staff objected to examining the oral cavity referring to patient integrity. This was not considered as a hindrance among patients. In conclusion, oral health is related to health-related quality of life, which motivates a multi-disciplinary approach to oral care.

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34

Rousseau, André. "Cyclin D1 gene amplification and protein overexpression in dysplastic oral mucosa and oral cancer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ53416.pdf.

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35

Öhrn, Kerstin. "Oral health and experience of oral care among cancer patients during radio- or chemotherapy /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-4940-9/.

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36

Tsai, Tung-Chieh, and 蔡東潔. "Expression of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) in oral precancers and cancers." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12138755397381105483.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立臺灣大學
臨床牙醫學研究所
95
BACKGROUND: Overexpression of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) has been found to be significantly associated with the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, clinical or pathological stage, and prognosis of a variety of human cancers. METHODS: This study examined the expression of RCAS1 in 84 specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 106 specimens of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED, 32 mild, 44 moderate, and 30 severe OED cases), and 20 specimens of normal oral mucosa (NOM) by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We found that the mean RCAS1 labeling indices (LIs) increased significantly from NOM (12 ± 5%) through mild OED (31 ± 13%), moderate OED (44 ± 17%), and severe OED (56 ± 18%) to OSCC samples (68 ± 20%, P < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the higher mean RCAS1 and OSCCs with larger tumor size (P = 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), or more advanced clinical stages (P < 0.001). Positive lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0073) and RCAS1 LI ≧ 60% (P = 0.048) were identified as independent unfavorable prognosis factor by multivariate analyses with Cox regression model. Kaplan-Meier curve showed that OSCC patients with a RCAS1 LI ≧ 60% had a significantly poorer cumulative survival than those with a RCAS1 LI < 60% (log-rank test, P = 0.0113). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the expression of RCAS1 is an early event in oral carcinogenesis. The RCAS1 LI in OSCC samples can predict the progression of OSCCs and the survival of OSCC patients.

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37

Tsai, Tung-Chieh. "Expression of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) in oral precancers and cancers." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-1907200717351300.

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38

Fan, Shin-Ru, and 范馨茹. "Identifying DNA Methylation Status In Oral Cancers Using CpG Island Microarray." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75815469546058937736.

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Анотація:

碩士
中國醫藥大學
醫學檢驗生物技術學系碩士班
97
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification characterized by the covalent addition of a methyl (CH3) group at 5-carbon position of the cytosine ring, and typically occurs at CpG dinucleotides. DNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification of the genome that regulates crucial aspect of its function. It is also thought to play an important role in tumorgenesis. Oral cancer is the fourth leading cancer in the male population in Taiwan. Furthermore, the number of death was increased every year. In many Asia cultures chewing areca is known to be a strong risk factor for developing oral cancer. Therefore, a 4-NQO plus arecoline induced animal model was used to confirm areca really increasing occurrence of oral cancer. To find more genes which are aberrant methylated by arecoline, CpG island microarrays were used to analyze aberrant methylation in animal oral cancer tissues. Our data showed that 42 genes are hypermethylation and 9 genes are hypomethylation in 4-NQO plus arecoline induced animal oral cancer tissues. Four specific genes have been confirmed by methylation-specific PCR assays. Taken together, DNA methylation level is associated with the areca-associated oral tumorigenesis. The mechanisms of specific hyper- or hypo-methylation genes involved in the modulation of oral cancer is under investigated.

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39

Chiang, Geng-Nan, and 江耿男. "Pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/AKT activity by deguelin to treat oral cancers." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21393404317265841239.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立臺灣大學
口腔生物科學研究所
94
Deguelin is a very potential, natural plant-derived drug which can suppress cancer cell growth. The mechanism is to suppress the activity of p-AKT, which is proven to over express in many cancer cell types, as human bronchial epithelial (HBE), colon cancer, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), NSCLC, breast cancer and cutaneous squamous cell. After treating deguelin, it gets good efficacy in suppressing cancer cells. But the function of deguelin is not proven in oral cancer therapy research, and how deguelin, AKT inhibitor, suppresses the amplification of oral cancer. We found it had high correlation with over-expression and oral cancer formation in clinical oral cancer tumor sample. In this study, we determined whether inhibition of PI3K/AKT pathway through pharmacological manipulation enhance inhibiting growth of oral cancer. We used deguelin to treat oral cancer cells and observed whether it changed cell growth rate, resulted in cell apoptosis, influenced cell migration and invasion, and changed gene expression in oral cancer. We found that the growth rate of SAS and Cal27 were decreased after treating them with deguelin. The western blot data showed that endogenous AKT activity was suppressed by deguelin. We used boyden chamber to determine cell invasion potentials and used wound colonization to determine cell migration ability. Our data showed that deguelin could decrease HSC3 and SCC4 migration ability, and it also reduced CA922 and SAS invasion potentials. Furthermore, in synergistic effect experiment, low dose of deguelin and cisplatin enhanced more cell apoptosis and drug sensitivity. We thought deguelin maybe a candidate drug of oral cancer therapy by reducing cell growth rate, invasion potentials and migration ability.

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40

Chen, Yi-Ling, and 陳逸臨. "Single-domain-antibody self-assembled nanoparticles for molecular imaging of oral cancers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46640153806864120721.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立成功大學
口腔醫學研究所
96
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is now ranked the forth-leading cause of cancer deaths in the Taiwanese male population owing to the prevalent betel quid chewing habit. Oral cancer has a general poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate ranging from 29.8%~54.5%, especially in late disease stages. Early diagnosis contributes to effective clinical treatment and better prognosis. Current imaging technology, however, usually failed to provide informative disease profile at the very early stage. Molecular imaging technology is an emerging field of research that has enabled insights of pathogenesis and has revealed true disease progress at their earliest possible stage. EGFR and EGFRvIII are selectively over expressed in many tumor cells including oral cancer with prognostic significance. Thus these unique surface markers are often selected as the targets for functional imaging of cancers. M13 phage display system engineered with humanized single domain antibody (SdAb) could effectively target unique cancer cell surface markers with high environmental tolerance and low immunogenic activity in vivo. The single domain antibody has a size only about one tenth of a normal IgG antibody and bioconjugation normally will not significantly increase the overall hydrodynamic size. Thus better tissue penetration could be achieved. The EG-2 SdAb targeting EGFR and EGFRvIII is selected to conjugate with nanoparticles in this study for cancer diagnostic imaging. We first screened EG-2 SdAb in our oral cancer cell line library for their endogenous expression of EGFR. The results were consistent with those from Western Blot using anti-EGFR and EGFRvIII antibodies. The positive and the negative clones were selected for in vitro experiments. For improved orientation control of EG-2, we proposed the idea of self-assembly on the particle surface. Ni-NTA was modified on the surface of magnetite particles through cross-linking between NTA and the nanoparticle surface. The poly-histidine at the C-terminal of the SdAb was known to interact with Ni-NTA specifically; thus, forming a self-assembled monolayer with high orientation control of the targeting moiety. Two types of nanoparticles with T1 (Gd3+ loaded dendrimer) and T2 (Fe3O4 nanoparticle) imaging contrast, respectively, were chosen for the following molecular imaging studies. Both have a small diameter of about 6-10 nm. The cytotoxicity of these materials revealed satisfactory results at concentrations below 5x10-4M and 1x10-2M for the dendrimer and the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, respectively. These concentration ranges were able to generate significant MRI contrasts. Conjugation of SdAb significantly increased r1 and r2 of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles, while decreased those of the dendrimers. EG-2 conjugated nanoparticles target EGFR over-expression cancer cells and presented a significant MRI contrast effect in vitro with positive contrast for the dendrimers and inversed contrast for the magnetite particles. Future in vivo molecular imaging is warranted to evaluate their potentials as nano-molecular imaging contrast agents for clinical applications.

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41

Hsu, Cheng-Chieh, and 許正傑. "Study of CYP26B1 and associated proteins in betel quid induced oral cancers." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83103516256761723472.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立中山大學
生物醫學研究所
101
Approximately 600 million people in the world chew betel quid (BQ). In 2004, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) declared BQ chewing without tobacco and the areca nut to be carcinogenic to humans. The practice of BQ chewing is widespread in Taiwan, approximately two million people, which is 10% of the Taiwanese population, are habitual users. Previous studies have indicated that the quantity of habitual BQ use (quids/d) is significantly positively correlated with an increase in the blood concentration of arecoline and arecaidine, the two major alkaloids in areca nut. In a previous study, a genome-wide microarray chip assay showed that a candidate gene, CYP26B1, which is particular to BQ, may cause oral cancer. CYP26B1 and spliced variant levels had increased in the arecoline-treated oral cancer cell line Ca-922 and normal cells HGF. Based on an analysis of human oral cancer and normal tissues, our data confirmed that CYP26B1 gene expression was consistently higher in cancerous tissues compared with non-cancerous tissues, In addition, the variant of the CYP26B1 gene polymorphism may contribute to genetic susceptibility to oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer. These results suggested that the CYP26B1 gene may be associated with BQ-induced oral cancer. A proteomic study that used 2D-PAGE revealed that 5 proteins were down-regulated and 26 proteins were up-regulated in arecoline-treated oral cancer cells, in which adenosine deaminase, T-complex protein, and 14-3-3 protein were reported to be associated with oral cancer malignancies and radiotherapy resistance. Further proteomic studies may reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of arecoline-induced in oral cancer.

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42

Wang, Pei-Han, and 王佩涵. "To explore the pathological roles of PD-L1 and IL-17 in oral cancers." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vhv3cc.

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43

Tai, Chia-Chen, and 戴佳貞. "Global Proteomic-based Identification and Validation of Novel Tumor Markers for Human Oral Cancers." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58154938538655892312.

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Анотація:

碩士
國立臺灣大學
口腔生物科學研究所
95
Oral cancer is the sixth most frequent cancer in the world. Buccal mucosa originated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most aggressive oral cancers. It mainly occurs in Taiwan, Central and Southeast Asia, and is closely related to the practice of tobacco smoking and betel squid chewing. The high recurrence and low survival rates of buccal SCC remained an important focus for us to understand the pathogenesis of the disease in order to design better therapeutic strategies. Here we applied novel proteomic technology to analyze oral cancer cell lines and paired N/T buccal SCC tissues to identify tumor-associated proteins as new oral cancer biomarkers or molecular targets. We further evaluated a novel cancer therapeutical compound deguelin global protein response in oral cancer cell line SAS. Our result showed a number of proteins were found to be significantly over-expressed or down-regulated in oral cancer cell lines and clinical samples. These increased proteins included glycolytic enzymes, heat-shock proteins, tumor antigens, cytoskeleton proteins, enzymes involved in detoxification and anti-oxidation systems, and proteins involved in mitochondrial and intracellular signaling pathways. These extensive protein variations indicate that multiple cellular pathways were involved in the process of tumorigenesis, and suggest that multiple protein molecules should be simultaneously targeted as an effective strategy to counter the disease. In our results, at least, we have identified Thymosin β4, ubiquitin, BUB3, in addition to several novel proteins are candidates for targeted proteins in oral cancers. Validation of Thymosin β4 protein expression in N/T paired oral cancer tissue array by immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that Thymosin β4 overexpression was found mainly in late clinical stage oral cancer samples. The thymosin β4/ILK/Akt pathway analysis also showed similar trend for the activation of this pathway in oral cancers. Altogether, the present findings also demonstrated that rich protein information can be produced by means of proteomic analysis for a better understanding of the oncogenesis and pathogenesis in a global way, which in turn is a basis for the rational designs of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in oral cancers.

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44

Tai, Chia-Chen. "Global Proteomic-based Identification and Validation of Novel Tumor Markers for Human Oral Cancers." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-0608200712261300.

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45

Lo, Wen-Liang, and 羅文良. "Engineering a novel “programmed self-destruction”cytotoxin as a therapeutic drug against oral cancers." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/225wbx.

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Анотація:

博士
國立陽明大學
臨床牙醫學研究所
98
Based on the ribosome-inactivating nature of ribotoxin1-3, the concept of “Kamikaze ribotoxin” is formulated to create a potential protein drug targeted against tumor growth by protein engineering. The engineered Kamikaze ribotoxin (KZ-sarcin) equips a structure entity of α-sarcin with a cell penetrating peptide and a caspase-3-sensitive peptide. As a result, the engineered recombinant KZ-sarcin shows specific inactivating ribosome, inhibition translation, and being degraded in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, KZ-sarcin causes an effective inhibition of the growth of SAS-induced xenograft tumors in nude mice. Such a therapeutic effect is also supported by histological data showing that tumor tissue in direct contact with KZ-sarcin has undergone through different phases of apoptotic progression, whereas, tumor tissue not in direct contact with the drug remains normal. Thus, the cytotoxic effect of the drug is constrained, as our original envisaged, and its spread limited. Overall, the concept of “Kamikaze ribotoxin” provides an alternative tactic to immunotoxin therapy for the design of therapeutic protein drugs.

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46

Su, Yu-Ling, and 蘇俞綾. "Detection of DNA Methylation Levels in Oral Cancers Using Methylation-sensitive High-resolution Melting Analysis." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92749224243985977546.

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Анотація:

碩士
中國醫藥大學
醫學檢驗生物技術學系碩士班
98
DNA methylation plays an important role in the process of gene transcription and regulation. It has been reported that aberrant methylation renders the occurrence of cancer, including oral cancer. Methylation-Specific PCR (MS-PCR) followed by HRM analysis (MS-HRM) provides a highly sensitive method for the detection of low level methylation and quantification of methylated DNA. The object of this study is to establish the MS-HRM method to detect the DNA methylated level in clinical oral cancer samples. The detection limitation is 1.25 ng of bisulfite genomic DNA. The clinical oral cancer tissues were collected from the patients whose progressions have been well diagnosed and staged. One hyper-methylated and one hypo-methylated candidate gene which previously identified by CpG island microarray were selected to detect the methylation level in clinical oral cancer tissues by MS-HRM method. For hyper-methylated gene, RARB, the frequency of the gene methylation in oral cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. Moreover, the gene methylation status is associated with early step of tumor progression. On the other hand, the hypo-methylated gene, PTHrP, the frequency of the gene methylation in oral cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in normal tissues. Moreover, the gene methylation status is associated with tumor-node-metastasis staging in oral cancer samples. Taken together, we develop a sensitive and quantitative method to detect DNA methylation level in clinical sample. Our results may shed a light to understand the pathogenesis of oral cancer and assistant advanced in clinical diagnosis for oral cancer.

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47

Lin, Chien Yu, and 林倩伃. "Heat shock protein family over-expressed in oral cancers: clinical significance and its associated radioresistance." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54056805595866206304.

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Анотація:

博士
長庚大學
臨床醫學研究所
100
Oral cavity cancer (ORC) is the 6th leading cancer cause in Taiwan. Predispose factors were habits of smoking, drinking and betel quit-chewing. Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process and malignant transformation rate of precancerous lesions ranges between <1% and 18%. Once it transforms to be malignancy, radical surgery is the standard treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) is used as postoperative and reserved definitive RT for patients who were not good candidate for surgery. However, locoregional failure remains a major problem if the tumor is radioresistant. Heat shock protein (HSP) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone protein that functions as biochemical regulators of cell growth, homeostasis, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. In study on patients with oral lesions, hyperexpression of GRP78 (HSP70) was correlated with increasing malignant potential: leukoplakia 14%, erythroplakia 27%, verrucous lesion 50%, and oral cancer 74% (P<0.0001). Higher rate of relapse (P=0.002) and malignant transformation (P=0.002) were observed in GRP78-hyperexpressed precancerous ones. It suggests this molecule plays a role in the early steps of oral oncogenesis. GP96(GRP94, HSP90) overexpressed in 70% of ORC, and it was correlated with a higher pN stage (p=0.020) and tumor depth (p=0.045). It was an independent adverse predictor of LRC, DSS and OS (p=0.018, p=0.011 and p=0.012) and related toradioresistance. It was also notified in ORC patients under definitive RT, the 3-year OS, DSS and PFS were only 22%, 27% and 25%, respectively. Primary tumor site serves as a predictor, 3-year PFS in group I (buccal, mouth floor, gum) 51%, group II (retromolar, hard palate) 18%, and group III (tongue, lip) 6% (P<0.0001). Further study on different tumor origin for aberrant genetic profiles involved radioresponsiveness especially HSP is warranted.

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48

Hung, Hsiao-Chi, and 洪筱琪. "N-acetylcysteine(NAC) inhibits EGFR Signaling through Induction of the Transcriptional Factor HBP1 in Oral Cancers." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18459677868572559133.

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Анотація:

碩士
中國醫藥大學
營養學系碩士班
97
Oral cancer is the fifth most frequent cancer worldwide while its mortality rate is the highest among all cancers. In Taiwan, the incidence of oral cancer increases yearly, especially in men. Despite the therapy stratagem has been advanced dramatically, the prognosis of survival rate is still relatively low. Immunohistochemical examination showed over-expressed EGFR staining in 55% to 100 % of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). EGFR overexpression is associated with poor prognosis, tumor differentiation, and consequently poor survival. Hence, finding compounds that can efficiently inhibit the EGFR signaling pathway has become a promising strategy in oral cancer therapy. NAC (N-acetylcysteine), known as an anti-inflammatory factor, has anti-EGFR function, but the mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that NAC inhibits EGFR signaling pathway through induction of the transcription factor HBP1 in oral cancer. We chose HSC-3 oral cancer cell line as the study model due to the fact that HSC-3 has abundant EGFR expression but relatively low HBP1 expression. As results, we showed that NAC induces HSC-3 cells arrest in G1 accompanied with decreased cyclin D1 and EGFR activation. More importantly, HBP1 expression was induced in HSC-3 cells by NAC treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, NAC also inhibited the gene expression of p47phox, one of the NADPH oxidase subunit, and thereby suppressed ROS generation in oral cancer. Further, to test if NAC inhibits EGFR activation through induction of HBP1, we employed HBP1 shRNA to knockdown endogenous HBP1 gene in HSC-3 cells. Results indicated that HBP1 reduction leads to higher EGF-stimulated EGFR and downstream Akt activation than the control one. The most importantly, HBP1 knockdown abolished NAC-inhibited EGFR activation. Thus, our results may support the transcription factor HBP1 as a future biomarker and therapeutic target in oral cancer stratagem.

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49

Ji, Si-Hua, and 紀思華. "The regulation of oncogenic signals by MEF2A to enhance the miR-134 expression in oral cancers." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60075235351630451124.

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50

Wei-HuangWang and 王偉皇. "Self-assembling gadolinium-dendrimer nanoparticles conjugated with single-domain-antibody for molecular imaging of oral cancers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21126876567964993003.

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