Статті в журналах: "OPTIMUM COMPENSATION SCHEME"

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Oria, C., V. Baena-Lecuyer, J. Granado, J. Chavez, A. Torralba, and C. Pardo. "Optimum Doppler compensation scheme for DVB-H receivers." Electronics Letters 42, no. 13 (2006): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20061087.

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Tian, Xu, Xingcheng Li, and Zibo Zhou. "Novel Uninterruptible Phase-Separation Passing and Power Quality Compensation Scheme Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for Double-Track Electrified Railway." Energies 13, no. 3 (February 7, 2020): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030738.

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Over-voltage and over-current problems of locomotives when passing phase separation and negative sequence current penetration seriously influence the safety of double-track electrified railway and public power systems. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a novel uninterruptible power supply phase separation passing and power quality compensation (UPSP-PQC) scheme for double-track electrified railway. Three working modes of UPSP-PQC are put forward, including uninterruptible phase separation passing mode, power quality compensation mode and uninterruptible phase separation passing priority, and power quality compensation optimum mode. A three-leg modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology of UPSP-PQC is proposed and the corresponding control strategy has been studied. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation is performed to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme and its control method.

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Волосюк, Валерій Костянтинович, Володимир Володимирович Павліков, Семен Сергійович Жила, Анатолій Владиславович Попов, Володимир Віталійович Кошарський, Олексій Володимирович Одокієнко, Віталій Георгійович Яковлєв, Едуард Олексійович Церне, Дмитро Сергійович Власенко та Антон Дмитрович Собколов. "Дослідження якісних показників поляризаційної селекції об’єктів на фоні пасивних завад в поляризаційно-доплерівській радіолокаційній системі". Aerospace technic and technology, № 6 (29 листопада 2021): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2021.6.07.

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The optimal algorithm of polarization-Doppler selection of targets against the background of passive interference is considered. The polarimetric properties of scattered electromagnetic radiation of objects. The functionally-determined mathematical model of the useful signal, structure and correlation characteristics of the internal radiation of the receiver is determined. The algorithm of optimal processing, synthesized within the method of maximum likelihood, is considered for two limit cases. Algorithmic actions in the processing of passive interference and methods of their compensation are considered and investigated. Based on the obtained results, the expression for the algorithm of compensation of interferences reflected from the earth's surface is written. The obtained algorithm equalizes the variance of the input signals and compensates the residual variance with the help of weight coefficients. On the basis of the developed algorithm the scheme of the structurally simplified optimum compensator of passive disturbances is formed. Feature processing of useful signals in the compensation scheme is investigated. To ensure the adaptability of the generated algorithm, the coefficient of the variance ratio is based on the results coming from the variance meter. It is proposed to introduce quality indicators of polarization object selection on the background of the underlying surface, which combines indicators of efficiency of passive interference compensation and indicators of efficiency of useful signal-processing against the background of internal noise of receivers. The corresponding dependence of the indicators on the correlation coefficients of passive interference of different polarizations, as well as on the coefficients that separately characterize the level of difference in signal intensities and interference in the reception channels. The information value of each indicator of the efficiency of polarization signal selection from the ratio of the input variances, the correlation coefficient of passive interference and the ratio of the input signals is investigated.The obtained results are proposed to be used to improve the quality of polarization selection of objects in ground-based and aerospace-based radar systems.

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Dhawan, Divya, and Neena Gupta. "Performance Analysis of Laser Phase Noise Compensated COOFDM System." Journal of Optical Communications 41, no. 4 (April 28, 2020): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/joc-2018-0002.

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AbstractOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing along with the coherent detection and spectrally efficient modulation formats is a promising solution for long haul and high speed communication systems. Although they offer significant advantages which make them suitable for high speed and long haul communication systems they all are susceptible to phase noise. In this paper a combination of RF-pilot-based approach followed by pilot-based equalization approach is used for laser phase noise compensation. The various parameters such as drive voltage, bias voltage and extinction ratio are optimized to get the optimum performance from the proposed scheme. The designed system is then analyzed in terms of Symbol Error Rate (SER), constellation diagrams and error vector magnitude using various types of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) formats.

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Kurda, Reben. "Heterogeneous networks: Fair power allocation in LTE-A uplink scenarios." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): e0252421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252421.

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Effective management of radio resources and service quality assurance are two of the essential aspects to furnish high-quality service in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. Despite the base station involving several ingenious scheduling schemes for resource allocation, the intended outcome might be influenced by the interference, especially in heterogeneous scenarios, where many kinds of small cells can be deployed under the coverage of macrocell area. To develop the network of small cells, it is essential to take into account such boundaries, in particular, mobility, interference and resources scheduling a strategy which assist getting a higher spectral efficiency in anticipate small cells. Another challenge with small cellular network deployment is further analyzing the impact of power control techniques in the uplink direction for the network performance. With that being said, this article investigates the problem of interference in LTE-advanced heterogeneous networks. The proposed scheme allows mitigation inter-cell interference through fractional self-powered control performed at each femtocell user. This study analyzes a scheme with optimum power value that provides a compromise between the served uplink signal within unwanted interference plus noise ratio to enhance spectral efficiency in terms of throughput. In particular, the maximum transmit power for user equipment in uplink direction should be reviewed for small cells as a major contributor to the interference. The simulation results showed that the proposed fractional power control approach can outperform the traditional power control employed as a full compensation mode in small cell uplinks.

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Chen, Xiangping, Yongxiang Cai, Xiaobing Xiao, Youzhuo Zheng, and Anqian Yang. "Solar Energy Compensation for Building Energy Saving with Thermal Comfort in a Cold Climate." Electronics 11, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030491.

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This paper proposes an energy-saving strategy with assistance from solar thermal compensation for building energy systems. The target of the control strategy was to minimize energy consumption under thermal comfort constraints in buildings. First, the factors influential to indoor temperature in building environments were analyzed. Secondly, the internal and external factors, such as building materials; building orientation; window size; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) facilities; blinding device; solar irradiation; wind speed; and outdoor temperature were used to construct a building model on the platform ENERGYPLUS (E+). A controller aiming to regulate the amount of solar irradiation was developed with the Building Controls Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB) tool. Afterward, the building performance under different strategies was tested by co-simulation using both the computational platforms, E+ and BCVTB. The optimum scheme achieved 30.6% energy savings while meeting the same comfort criterion of its competition strategy. The study verified that the proposed strategy of combined heating, ventilation, and air conditioning and blind control could realize the energy savings and comfort satisfaction at the same time. The proposed method provides a reference to the development of low-/zero-energy building concepts in the field.

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Futatsukawa, K., E. Cicek, Z. Fang, Y. Fukui, S. Mizobata, and Y. Sato. "Development of the novel and superior adaptive beam-loading compensation system calculated in the frequency domain for the J-PARC Linac." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): T11002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/11/t11002.

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Abstract The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is one of the highest intensity proton accelerator facilities in the world. Its accelerator consists of a 400-MeV linac (LINAC), a 3-GeV rapid-cycling synchrotron (RCS), and a 30-GeV main ring (MR) and its beam is provided for wide-ranging applications. The peak current of the beam at LINAC had been increased from 30 mA to the design value of 50 mA in 2018. Therefore, the performance of the beam-loading compensation implementing in the low-level radio frequency (LLRF) system has been more important to satisfy the stability of the accelerating gradient. Although the iterative learning control (ILC) scheme with adaptive ability was demonstrated, the practical use of ILC was not convenient for large accelerators such as the J-PARC LINAC with forty-nine RF stations. Therefore, we developed at novel and superior adaptive beam-loading compensation system that was calculated in the frequency domain. Compared to the scheme of the previous ILC, the newly developed system is useful because it does not require parameter adjustment using the beam. In the experimental results utilizing this system, the optimum tables of FF_BEAM were able to be obtained as a smaller number of iterations. The peak-to-peak stability of amplitude was achieved to ± 0.23% and the peak-to-peak stability of phase was improved to ± 0.036°. In addition, errors such as white noise did not accumulate for the table of FF_BEAM and this system solved the problem of the divergence when the number of iterations was increased. This implementation of the adaptive beam-loading compensation system calculated in the frequency domain will potentially contribute to the improvement of the J-PARC LINAC LLRF, and this system may lead to a stable user operation. This system is so simple in principle and effective that it could be applied to other linear accelerators with the pulsed beam.

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Awang Ahmad, Zahari, Tien Sze Lim, Voon Chet Koo, Shuhaizar Daud, Muhamad Asmi Romli, and Rafikha Aliana A. Raof. "A High Efficiency Gyrostabilizer Antenna Platform for Real-Time UAV Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Motion Error Compensation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 892 (June 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.892.16.

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A gyro-stabilized antenna platform could implement a real-time motion compensation for a SAR system. Since motion errors reduce during the data acquisition process, post-processing load also reduces. Subsequently, production of well-focused, and high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is conceivable. The research is to design a gyro-stabilized SAR antenna platform that compensates motion in real time during data acquisition. This paper explains the study of undesired motion (error) for typical UAV SAR. The resulting angle ranges of yaw, pitch, and roll describe the magnitude of the motion errors. The design of a gimbal system as a stable antenna platform considers yaw, pitch and roll range parameters. IMU optimization (Complimentary Filter, and Madgwick Filter algorithms are tested and compared in order to decide the optimum optimization scheme for the antenna platform. The data fusion and gradient descent algorithm from Madgwick show significant performance. The implementation of the optimized IMU algorithm and control on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) has resulted in a very effective stable antenna platform.

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Yuan, Ye, and Cheng Liu. "Passive Power Filter Optimization Problem Based on Adaptive Multipopulation NSGA-II and CRITIC-TOPSIS." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (October 25, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5753651.

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The best configuration of passive filters in extra-high voltage systems is investigated in this study using a two-stage multiobjective decision-making (MODM) framework. A collection of Pareto solutions is found using an adaptive multipopulation-modified nondominated ranking genetic algorithm (AMP NSGA-II) in the first stage. The goals taken into account include the least fundamental reactive power compensation losses, overall cost and maintenance cost, and simultaneous minimum harmonic current distortion rate. The objective weights are determined and the optimum solution is chosen in the second stage using the criteria importance interrelationship (CRITIC) and similarity ranking preference technique (TOPSIS). A number of examples show how the suggested method performs more effectively than the conventional and well-known algorithm and can identify the relationship between the objective functions, indicating that the suggested scheme has better superiority in filters and has a promising future in the solution of multiobjective problems.

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Subhash, Bochu, and Veramalla Rajagopal. "EPLL Control Technique Optimum Controller Gains to Control Voltage and Frequency in Standalone Wind Energy Conversion System." European Journal of Electrical Engineering 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ejee.240108.

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This study describes how to regulate the frequency and terminal voltage of a freestanding wind energy conversion system using an Enhanced Phase Locked Loop (EPLL)-based strategy to supply power to varied loads regardless of wind speed. In a standalone wind turbine energy conversion system, the EPLL control scheme extracts the reference source currents (SWECS). The control algorithm employs two proportional-integral (PI) controllers to create the active and reactive power components of the consumers' load currents, estimate reference source currents, and connect the zigzag transformer to PCC with VSC for neutral current compensation. To obtain optimal PI controller gains and most-suited settings to apply to SWECS, optimization approaches are used. The control algorithm is the most significant aspect of the system, and the speed with which it calculates, evaluates, and guesstimates determines the generation of source currents based on the algorithm's ideal controller PI gains. By properly estimating source currents, the EPLL control method improves dynamics and power quality issues, and the optimization technique is employed to acquire the gains of PI controllers. The proposed system employs the EPLL algorithm on a three-phase, four-wire system with changing loads to achieve ideal total harmonic distortion of source currents and voltages on the PCC, as defined by IEEE-519 standards. A battery energy storage device coupled to the VSC dc link keeps the load's necessary power constant. If the generator output exceeds the consumer demand, the excess power is delivered to BESS for temporary storage. When consumer demand exceeds generated power, a BESS delivers deficit power to the load, which adjusts and the frequency under various load conditions. The suggested system simulated results were tested with 3-phase 4-wire for harmonics reduction, load balancing, neutral wire current compensation, frequency and voltage control using MATLAB / Simulink.

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Sekhar Mishra, Chandra, Ranjan Kumar Jena, and Soumya Ranjan Nayak. "PQ improvement of Micro-Grid by Using DG and Power Quality Conditioner with BESS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.15577.

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DG Grid interfaced system has been focused through this paper. The objective is to improve power quality of the grid, which was polluted by various means. The improvement of power quality of the micro grid includes uses of a specially designed DG, BESS and Power Quality conditioner. The system consists of a two-stage power conversion. Solar PV supplies power for both DC and AC loads. Manufacturer datasheet is used for modeling the PV panel. In order to keep the BUS voltage stable a BESS is joined to DC BUS through power electronic converter, which is used to absorb the excess power whenever production is high and deliver power to the load on low production. The system continues to supply the local loads, incase of grid discontinuity. Thus it eliminates threats of islanding. This paper also focuses on control and stability of DC bus voltage and energy management scheme. The project uses Matlab/Simulink platform for efficient verification. For power quality improvement of Micro Grid it uses 3leg inverter, which is coupled with SPV and MPPT with Battery storage, which is used as compensator for the whole system. For prevention to reduce voltage current and power flow between DG and Grid, it is necessary to have an optimum control. Through the adjustment of power circulation between shunt paired DG ensures current voltage and power on micro grid. +ve, -ve and Zero sequence components of currents and voltage can be adjusted by the suggested methodology in Grid tied DG system. The said PQC have multiple uses. Firstly as a power converter and secondly as a shunt APF for harmonic compensation on voltage, current and power (both active and reactive) for both balanced and unbalanced loads in the Grid tied DG system. It also cares for the neutral conductor. Either individually or in grid connected mode all the above objectives can be achieved. For the entire Grid, it is realized that after compensation three phase four wired un-balance loads looks as balanced linear resistive load for the Grid. All these task significantly replicated on MATLAB/Simulink. After compensation the total harmonic distortion on input voltage and current reduced drastically. IEEE519 in the range of 5% suitably accepts it.

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NASSERI, Abolfazl, Hossein Ali FALLAHI, and Vahid REZAVERDINEJAD. "Single Irrigation Enhanced Water Productivity of Rainfed Wheat under Mediterranean Environment." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11210398.

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Single or double irrigations of wheat are necessary to obtain optimum yield in a humid region with insufficient rainfall for agricultural production. Therefore, the hereby study was conducted with the aim of analysis of water productivity under rainfed and (single or double) irrigated conditions in a Mediterranean environment during 11 cropping years. There were investigated four treatments for irrigation management of wheat viz. rainfed without irrigation (T0), single irrigation at the flowering stage (T1), single irrigation at the grain filling stage (T2) and double irrigation at the flowering and grain filling stages (T3). Results revealed that the highest water productivity and optimum yield were acquired with single irrigation at the grain filling stage. This scheme caused an increase of 20% in grain yield relative to yield from rainfed condition. Rainfall, grain yield and water productivity of rainfed wheat were analyzed over 11 years and averaged 3,614 m3 ha-1, 1,970 kg ha-1 and 0.63 kg m-3, respectively. Results also showed that single or double irrigation had a high compensation effect on yield loss from water stress. Irrigation water productivity (1.31 kg m-3), water productivity (0.68 kg m-3) and irrigation ratio (2.2) indices determined for the 11 years. Water productivity of rainfed wheat by single irrigation at grain filling stage increased as 10% during 11 years.

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Denisov, Y., О. Denisov, and G. Bolotov. "INCREASING THE TIME OF USING THE ENERGY RESOURCE OF THE ON-BOARD ACCUMULATORY BATTERY BY IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF CONTROLLING THE ELECTRIC QUADCOPTER'S PROPELLER DRIVES." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.14.2022.04.

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A review of the current state in quadcopters’ flight control systems showed that the electric drives of their propellers are performed according to single-circuit schemes with feedback on rotational speed in which the error in the results of monitoring the angles of roll, pitch, yaw is worked out by a control system with a PI or PID regulator. There is no astaticism load in such systems and the parameters of the current consumed from the on-board battery are not optimized. The consequence of this is a decrease of service life on-board battery and low quality flight control when the load changes. It is proposed to perform the electric drive system of the quadcopter’s screw according to a two-fold integrating structural scheme in which astaticism is provided during perturbations in control and load. A transient speed characteristic based on the optimization results of the double-integration scheme with speed and current circuits in accordance with a symmetrical optimum the parameters of which do not meet the requirements of quadcopter’s high-quality control flight mode was obtained and do not contribute to an increase in the time of using the energy resource of the on-board battery. It is proposed to include additional smoothing differentiating links at its input to eliminate the shortcomings of the obtained transient characteristic of the electric drive system in terms of speed. The parameters of these links were found using the compensation conditions. The obtained transient characteristics of the electric drive system of the quadcopter’s screws in terms of speed and current do not have sudden changes in the adjustable value and do not have overregulation. The result of such parameters in transient characteristics is high-quality control of the quadcopter’s flight mode and an increase in the time of using the energy resource of the on-board battery.

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Lin, Xian Kun, and Qian Qian Wu. "Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis of Thermal Distortion Behavior for Linear Motor Drive Feed System." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 3001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.3001.

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In order to explore the effect factors of thermal distortion behavior of the high speed feeding system, a methodology with partial least squares linear regression (PLSR) was brought forward to analyze the thermal process on the basis of experiments. The feeding system test-bed and the thermal behavior measurement system were established for the experiments. The experiments were conducted under both the natural heating and force cooling condition to show the feasibility of the method. The experimental scheme and procedure were also introduced in detail. On the basis of the experiments and the regression calculation, the distribution characteristics of temperature for the high speed feeding drive system and the rule of the thermal distortion behavior were explored with further discussion. The results show that the proposed method can effectively recognize the experimental data and reach high distortion identification accuracy. The resultant factors and their proportions of thermal deformation were presented through regression calculation. The prediction of the distortion at some random axis positions was done with the regression model. The result shows good performance for recognition of the axis deformation. As a result, the study effort provides a theoretical foundation for optimum design and error compensation in machining process.

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Gong, Zhaopei, Liang Ding, Honghao Yue, Haibo Gao, Rongqiang Liu, Zongquan Deng, and Yifan Lu. "System integration and control design of a maglev platform for space vibration isolation." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 11 (April 11, 2019): 1720–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319836892.

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Micro-vibration has been a dominant factor impairing the performance of scientific experiments which are expected to be deployed in a micro-gravity environment such as a space laboratory. The micro-vibration has serious impact on the scientific experiments requiring a quasi-static environment. Therefore, we proposed a maglev vibration isolation platform operating in six degrees of freedom (DOF) to fulfill the environmental requirements. In view of the noncontact and large stroke requirement for micro-vibration isolation, an optimization method was utilized to design the actuator. Mathematical models of the actuator's remarkable nonlinearity were established, so that its output can be compensated according to a floater's varying position and a system's performance may be satisfied. Furthermore, aiming to adapt to an energy-limited environment such as space laboratory, an optimum allocation scheme was put forward, considering that the actuator's nonlinearity, accuracy, and minimum energy-consumption can be obtained simultaneously. In view of operating in 6-DOF, methods for nonlinear compensation and system decoupling were discussed, and the necessary controller was also presented. Simulation and experiments validate the system's performance. With a movement range of 10 × 10 × 8 mm and rotations of 200 mrad, the decay ratio of −40 dB/Dec between 1 and 10 Hz was obtained under close-loop control.

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Zhou, Wenkai, Wenming Wang, and Chuang Sun. "Optimal Calibration Method of PIGA’s Orthogonal Poses for Gravity Field Testing." Journal of Sensors 2023 (August 5, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7441499.

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With the increasing requirements for accuracy of pendulous integrating gyroscopic accelerometer (PIGA), the key to the development of accuracy of PIGA is the advanced calibration methods. This paper focuses on the calibration method of the main error coefficients of PIGA on the indexing head table. The precise input accelerations and angular velocities are deduced and the complete error calibration model is established based on the corresponding coordinate systems. Then, the orthogonal 4-pose calibration method of dual PIGAs is proposed to identify the harmonic term coefficients of angle error. The calibration uncertainty and efficiency of equal angle sequency and equal acceleration sequency calibration schemes are analyzed. Then, the optimal calibration method is proposed and the complete test process is designed, which can accurately and efficiently calibrate PIGA by compensating with the angle error and combining the two different sequency schemes. Simulation results show that 22-position equal acceleration sequency scheme can calibrate bias and scale factor more accurately and the test cost of equal angle sequency scheme is lower. After compensation with angle error, the magnitudes of calibration uncertainties are decreased from 10−6 to 10−7 and the maximum value of relative fitting accuracy is decreased from 6.6 × 10−5 to 2.7 × 10−5 g by the proposed 22-position optimal calibration method.

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Watt, Richard, and Francisco J. Vázquez. "Optimal accident compensation schemes." Spanish Economic Review 11, no. 1 (August 29, 2008): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10108-008-9047-5.

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Cardoso, David, and Paulo J. Pereira. "A compensation scheme for optimal investment decisions." Finance Research Letters 14 (August 2015): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2015.05.004.

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B Thilaka, Janaki Sivasankaran, and S Udayabaskaran. "Optimal Time for Withdrawal of Voluntary Retirement Scheme with a Probability of Acceptance of Retirement Request." December 2020 02, no. 04 (December 5, 2020): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2020.4.002.

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Voluntary retirement schemes are observed in certain sectors of the Indian Industry such as Banking and Insurance. There is a need to determine the optimal time to withdraw a voluntary retirement scheme (VRS), balancing the reduction of high compensation of a segment of employees, prevent mass voluntary turnover from the grade, achieve optimal productivity and ensure normal business operations. In this paper an approach to derive an optimal policy to withdraw a voluntary retirement scheme considering a probability of acceptance of a retirement request, cost due to announcing a voluntary retirement scheme and cost to the organisation due to one-time special payments to those who retire during the time period is discussed.

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Li, Shupeng, Zhenbin Li, Yuyan Man, Qirui Li, Yali Liu, and Guangyao Yu. "Research on Optimal Allocation of Reactive Power Compensation in Offshore Wind Power Transmission System via AC Cable Based on Controllable Reactor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2401, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2401/1/012062.

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Abstract The capacitance of submarine cables with the same length and the same voltage level is more than 20 times that of overhead lines, which makes the reactive power for AC transmission system of offshore wind power greatly increase and the power flow is complicated, and it is easier to produce a series of problems such as reactive power return, low power factor, increased network loss, and terminal voltage rise, which puts forward higher requirements for reactive power compensation configuration scheme. Combined with practical engineering cases, this paper introduces the reactive power and voltage characteristics of the sea breeze system, as well as the problems and shortcomings of conventional reactive power compensation schemes. Finally, the reactive power allocation optimization scheme based on the new magnetically controlled controllable reactor MCR is proposed, which has the technical and economic advantages of low running loss, saving investment and land occupation, etc. It can be used as a beneficial supplement to the reactive power allocation scheme for the transmission system of offshore wind power with AC cable and has the value of engineering popularization.

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Rajab, Husam, Baolin Ren, and Tibor Cinkler. "A Novel Approach to Enhance the Energy Efficiency of a NOMA Network." Telecom 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 611–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/telecom4030027.

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Spectral efficiency is crucial for implementing 5G cellular networks and beyond. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising scheme to enhance efficiency. This paper introduces two improvements that will further enhance the channel capacity using the NOMA algorithm. We first introduce a novel algorithm, the User Sub-Channel Fair Matching Algorithm (USFMA), by applying a new sub-channel sorting and compensations scheme and then benefiting from the well-known Hungarian algorithm to allocate users to each sub-channel in a way that guarantees an optimum overall system performance. Then, for per sub-channel power allocation, we convert the non-convex objective function into a convex sub-problem using the concave–convex procedure (CCP) by converting the objective function into convex sub-problems and using the successive convex approximation to solve the convex sub-problems to find effective sub-optimal solutions. We have built a MATLAB simulation cellular environment to evaluate and compare the system performance with other known schemes. The results are promising and showed significant improvements compared to the other capacity and energy efficiency schemes.

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Vadivel, Srinivasan, C. S. Boopthi, Sridhar Ramasamy, Mominul Ahsan, Julfikar Haider, and Eduardo M. G. Rodrigues. "Performance Enhancement of a Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Array by Optimal Reconfiguration and Current Injection Schemes." Energies 14, no. 19 (October 4, 2021): 6332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196332.

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The output of a photovoltaic array is reduced considerably when PV panels are shaded even partially. The impact of shading causes an appreciable loss in power delivery, since the PV panels are connected in series and parallel to contribute to the required voltage and power for the load. The prevailing research on mitigating the shading impact is mostly based on complex reconfiguration strategies where the PV panels are subjected to complex rewiring schemes. On the other hand, to disperse the shading many studies in the literature defend the physical rearrangement of the panels. The available intensive reconfiguration schemes, such as the series parallel (SP), bridge link (BL), honeycomb (HC), and total cross tied (TCT) schemes, try only to mitigate the shading impact and there is no scope for compensation; as a result, a loss of output power is inevitable. In the proposed research work, both the mitigation of and the compensation for the losses incurred due to shading are studied. In this work, an optimal reconfiguration scheme is adopted to reduce the shading impact and a power electronic circuit with a battery source is designed to compensate for the shading losses in all aspects. In the optimal reconfiguration scheme, a bifurcation strategy is adopted in each column and the electrical connections of the PV panels are interchanged such that the shading impact is dispersed. The power electronic circuit consists of a half-bridge buck converter with a battery source that injects the current required by a shaded column. This setup compensates for the shaded PV array’s power and improves the efficiency of the total system. The proposed scheme was implemented in a 3200 W system and subjected to various shading patterns, including single panel shading, corner shading, long and wide shading, and random shading. The proposed scheme was simulated in the MATLAB Simulink environment and compared with static 4 × 4 PV array configurations, including the series parallel (SP), bridge link (BL), honeycomb (HC), and total cross tied (TCT) configurations. The comparative performance was assessed in terms of mismatch power loss, fill factor, and efficiency. The proposed system is suitable for all shading patterns and was proved to be very efficient even in the worst shading, where 1353 W was saved.

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23

Troncoso Romero, David Ernesto, Massimiliano Laddomada, and Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek. "Optimal Sharpening of Compensated Comb Decimation Filters: Analysis and Design." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/950860.

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Comb filters are a class of low-complexity filters especially useful for multistage decimation processes. However, the magnitude response of comb filters presents a droop in the passband region and low stopband attenuation, which is undesirable in many applications. In this work, it is shown that, for stringent magnitude specifications, sharpening compensated comb filters requires a lower-degree sharpening polynomial compared to sharpening comb filters without compensation, resulting in a solution with lower computational complexity. Using a simple three-addition compensator and an optimization-based derivation of sharpening polynomials, we introduce an effective low-complexity filtering scheme. Design examples are presented in order to show the performance improvement in terms of passband distortion and selectivity compared to other methods based on the traditional Kaiser-Hamming sharpening and the Chebyshev sharpening techniques recently introduced in the literature.

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24

El Moursi, Mohammed, A. M. Sharaf, and Khalil El-Arroudi. "Optimal control schemes for SSSC for dynamic series compensation." Electric Power Systems Research 78, no. 4 (April 2008): 646–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2007.05.009.

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25

Tumaeva, E. V., S. S. Kuzin, I. F. Aflyatunov, and T. G. Makuseva. "Solution of the problem of optimum power distribution of individual compensating devices for a group of asynchronous motors for a stable operating mode and for a smoothly changing load." E3S Web of Conferences 220 (2020): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022001015.

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Residential and industrial buildings with large territorial dimensions, have mainly radial power supply schemes, which feed a large number of small and medium capacity 0.4 kV induction motors. For their power supply copper or aluminum cables of small cross-section (with high active resistance) are used. Calculations of electricity losses in such lines show significant values. In order to reduce active power losses in 0.4 kV cable lines, the optimization problem of minimizing active power losses in the radial power supply circuit is solved by optimal distribution of reactive power of a given value between compensating devices. The single-line scheme of power supply of a group of pumps of technological installation of petrochemical production is considered, the mathematical model of the optimization problem on criterion of minimum of active losses in power lines from reactive power flow is made, which limitations are presented as a system of linear algebraic equations. Results of distribution of optimum values of reactive power between compensating devices of asynchronous motors at maintenance of the set tg φ are received. The quantitative estimation of active power loss reduction in power lines at use of capacitor units, which reactive power is optimally distributed, is given.

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26

Yan, Xiuying, Cong Liu, Meili Li, Ating Hou, Kaixing Fan, and Qinglong Meng. "Climate Compensation and Indoor Temperature Optimal Measuring Point Energy Saving Control in VAV Air-Conditioning System." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 19, 2019): 4398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224398.

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Temperature measuring point is the key to room environment control. Temperature measuring points and climate changes are directly related to the room control effect. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the temperature measuring points and control strategy based on climate compensation. In this study, first, the climate compensation concept in a heating system was introduced into a variable air volume (VAV) air-conditioning system. The heating load was modeled as a function of supply air temperature by analyzing the heat exchange. Based on each control link of subsystems, a climate compensation scheme is proposed to determine the optimal set-point of the supply air temperature. At the same time, a layout of multiple temperature measuring points of an air-conditioned room was studied. Furthermore, the optimal indoor temperature measuring point was determined using an adaptive weighted fusion method. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed method has better control effects on indoor temperature adjustment compared with the traditional method. The optimal supply air temperature in summer and winter was determined according to the proposed climate compensation scheme, and the supply air temperature was controlled using an improved single-neuron adaptive control strategy. Experimental results show that the maximum energy saving can reach up to 35.5% in winter and 6.1% in summer.

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27

Chen, Zhigang, Qianyue Meng, Huichuan Wang, Rongwei Xu, Yongxi Yi, and Ying Zhang. "Dynamic Optimal Control Differential Game of Ecological Compensation for Multipollutant Transboundary Pollution." Complexity 2021 (July 1, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5530971.

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This paper studies a Stackelberg differential game between an upstream region and a downstream region for transboundary pollution control and ecological compensation in a river basin and increases the number of pollutants assumed in the model to multiple. Emission and green innovation investment between upstream and downstream regions in the same basin is a Stackelberg game, and the downstream region provides economic compensation for green innovation investment in the upstream region. The results show that there is an optimal ecological compensation rate, and a Pareto improvement result can be obtained by implementing ecological compensation. Increasing the proportion of ecological compensation can improve the nonvirtuous chain reaction between green innovation investment cost, pollutant transfer rate, and ecological compensation rate. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a joint mechanism composed of the government and the market and formulate a reasonable green innovation subsidy scheme according to the actual situation of the basin, so as to restrict the emergence of this “individual rational” behavior. For river basin areas that can establish a unified management department and organize the implementation of decision-making, the cooperative game is a very effective pollution control decision.

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28

Maass, Alejandro I., Francisco J. Vargas, and Eduardo I. Silva. "Optimal control over multiple erasure channels using a data dropout compensation scheme." Automatica 68 (June 2016): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2016.01.061.

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29

Vetro, Anthony, and Huifang Sun. "Frequency domain down-conversion of HDTV using an optimal motion compensation scheme." International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology 9, no. 4 (1998): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-1098(1998)9:4<274::aid-ima9>3.0.co;2-7.

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30

Liu, Rui, Donghua Wei, Yingying Liu, and Yiheng Liu. "Feasibility of autonomous orbit keeping with optimal fuel consumption using drag-free CubeSat." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2489, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2489/1/012011.

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Abstract In this paper, the composition of the drag-free CubeSat platform was introduced first. Then the control strategy of drag-free CubeSat orbit keeping was proposed. Finally, the simulation with the control scheme of the Homan transfer orbit was compared. By comparing and analyzing the fuel consumption of the drag-free track and Homan transfer track, it is demonstrated that the continuous drag compensation of the drag-free control scheme can significantly reduce the consumption of thruster mass, and the drag-free technology has good advantages in track stability.

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31

Breuer, D., K. Jürgensen, F. Küppers, A. Mattheus, I. Gabitov, and S. K. Turitsyn. "Optimal schemes for dispersion compensation of standard monomode fiber based links." Optics Communications 140, no. 1-3 (July 1997): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(97)00167-3.

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32

Xie, Yibing, and Yang Wu. "Investment Strategy of Reactive Power Compensation Scheme in Wind Turbine Distribution Network Based on Optimal Allocation." Journal of Sensors 2022 (April 27, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7037451.

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The development and application of new energy have been paid more and more attention by governments of various countries since the 21st century. It is of practical engineering significance to study reactive power compensation of wind turbine distribution network. In view of the problems of poor grid quality and increased active power loss caused by a large amount of reactive power transmission during the operation of wind farms, based on the improved genetic algorithm, aiming at the minimum compensation capacity and the minimum voltage deviation of load nodes, a multiobjective optimization scheme of reactive power in wind farms is proposed, and an example is analyzed in Matlab. The results verify the effectiveness of the improved genetic algorithm in reactive power optimization of wind motor.

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33

Wang, Xiao Wen, and Yan Hui Zhao. "Optimal Planning on Reactive Power Compensation of Distribution Network Based on Back/Forward Sweep Method and Tabu Search Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 1132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.1132.

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This paper proposes the optimization method on reactive power compensation of distribution network. The objective is that total loss difference between before being compensated and after should get maximum. The method adopts back/forward sweep method for calculating power flow to obtain total active network loss. Then global neighborhood searching strategy and aspiration criterion for fixed parallel capacitor are established by tabu search algorithm. The optimal installation location and compensation capacity of fixed parallel capacitor are determined. Optimizing simulation on a 34 nodes distribution system is realized, and optimal planning scheme is obtained. Results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective in optimal planning on reactive power compensation of distribution network.

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34

FUNAHASHI, Yasuyuki, and Hisao KATO. "Minimal Time Dead-Beat Control with Optimal Robustness by Two-Parameter Compensation Scheme." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 24, no. 5 (1988): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.24.483.

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35

Dong, Yinghui, Wenxin Lv, Siyuan Wei, and Yeyang Gong. "Optimal Investment of DC Pension Plan under Incentive Schemes and Loss Aversion." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (May 18, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5145848.

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We investigate the DC pension manager’s portfolio problem when the manager is remunerated through two schemes for DC pension managerial compensation under loss aversion and minimum guarantee. We apply the concavification technique and a static Lagrangian technique to solve the problem and derive the closed-form representation of the optimal wealth and portfolio processes. Theoretical and numerical results show that the incentive schemes can significantly impact the distribution of the optimal terminal wealth.

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36

Wang, Faguang, Hongmei Wang, Yong Zhang, and Xijin Guo. "T-S Fuzzy-Based Optimal Control for Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery with Input Saturation." Journal of Sensors 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5738274.

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A minimally invasive surgery robot is difficult to control when actuator saturation exists. In this paper, a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model-based controller is designed for a minimally invasive surgery robot with actuator saturation, which is difficult to control. The contractively invariant ellipsoid theorem is applied for the actuator saturation. The proposed scheme can be derived using the H-infinity control theorem and parallel distributed compensation. The result is rebuilt in the form of linear matrix inequalities for easier calculation by computer. Meanwhile, the uniformly ultimately bounded stable and the prescribed H-infinity control performance can be guaranteed. The proposed scheme is simulated in a Novint Falcon haptic device system.

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37

Basu, Arnab K. "Impact of rural employment guarantee schemes on seasonal labor markets: optimum compensation and workers’ welfare." Journal of Economic Inequality 11, no. 1 (May 15, 2011): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10888-011-9179-y.

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38

Wei, Dong, Chunyan Feng, Caili Guo, and Liu Fangfang. "A Power Amplifier Energy Efficient Polarization Modulation Scheme Based on the Optimal Pre-Compensation." IEEE Communications Letters 17, no. 3 (March 2013): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2013.012313.122639.

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39

Kim, Sangphill, Lowell Alahassane Diallo, and Lawrence Klein. "Selecting optimal executive compensation scheme under uncertainty and the role of the covariance factors." Managerial Finance 25, no. 9 (September 1999): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03074359910766127.

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40

FUNAHASHI, Yasuyuki, and Manabu YAMADA. "Ripple-Free Optimal Deadbeat Control Using Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Compensator Scheme." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 27, no. 1 (1991): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr1965.27.33.

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41

Li, Cuixia, Zhiquan Shang, Li Shi, Wenlong Gao, and Shuyan Zhang. "IC-SNN: Optimal ANN2SNN Conversion at Low Latency." Mathematics 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010058.

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The spiking neural network (SNN) has attracted the attention of many researchers because of its low energy consumption and strong bionics. However, when the network conversion method is used to solve the difficulty of network training caused by its discrete, too-long inference time, it may hinder the practical application of SNN. This paper proposes a novel model named the SNN with Initialized Membrane Potential and Coding Compensation (IC-SNN) to solve this problem. The model focuses on the effect of residual membrane potential and rate encoding on the target SNN. After analyzing the conversion error and the information loss caused by the encoding method under the low time step, we propose a new initial membrane potential setting method and coding compensation scheme. The model can enable the network to still achieve high accuracy under a low number of time steps by eliminating residual membrane potential and encoding errors in the SNN. Finally, experimental results based on public datasets CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 also demonstrate that the model can still achieve competitive classification accuracy in 32 time steps.

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42

Dai, Jiao, Chunsheng Liu, and Jingliang Sun. "Adaptive optimal fault-tolerant control scheme for a class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 41, no. 4 (July 19, 2018): 1079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331218786529.

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An active optimal fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme for a class of nonlinear systems in strict-feedback form in the presence of partial loss of actuator effectiveness faults is proposed, using backstepping design technique and adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm to compensate the effects of failure. The proposed FTC scheme consists of feedforward controller that achieve the objective of fault-tolerant and feedback optimal controller, which can guarantee the performance index function is minimized. Since fault estimation and control law parameters are updated online, the control system has an adaptive failure compensation capability so as to reconfigure the control law in real time in response to failure indications. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the whole closed-loop system is guaranteed to be ultimately uniformly bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation.

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43

Xu, Shigang, and Yang Liu. "Pseudoacoustic tilted transversely isotropic modeling with optimal k-space operator-based implicit finite-difference schemes." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): T139—T157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0472.1.

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Current temporal high-order finite-difference (FD) stencils are mainly designed for isotropic wave equations, which cannot be directly extended to pseudoacoustic wave equations (PWEs) in tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) media. Moreover, it is difficult to obtain the time-space domain FD coefficients for anisotropic PWEs based on nonlinear dispersion relations in which anisotropy parameters are coupled with FD coefficients. Therefore, a second-order FD for temporal derivatives and a high-order FD for spatial derivatives are commonly used to discretize PWEs in TTI media. To improve the temporal and spatial modeling accuracy further, we have developed several effective FD schemes for modeling PWEs in TTI media. Through combining the [Formula: see text] (wavenumber)-space operators with the conventional implicit FD stencils (i.e., regular-grid [RG], staggered-grid [SG], and rotated SG [RSG]), we establish novel dispersion relations and determine FD coefficients using least-squares (LS). Based on [Formula: see text]-space operator compensation, we adopt the modified LS-based implicit RG-FD, implicit SG-FD, and implicit RSG-FD methods to respectively solve the second- and first-order PWEs in TTI media. Dispersion analyses indicate that the modified implicit FD schemes based on [Formula: see text]-space operator compensation can greatly increase the numerical accuracy at large wavenumbers. Modeling examples in TTI media demonstrate that the proposed FD schemes can adopt a short FD operator to simultaneously achieve high temporal and spatial modeling accuracy, thus significantly improve the computational efficiency compared with the conventional methods.

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44

Wang, Qing, Yadong Dou, Liang Cheng, and Yinglin Ke. "Shimming design and optimal selection for non-uniform gaps in wing assembly." Assembly Automation 37, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 471–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-02-2017-021.

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Purpose This paper aims to provide a shimming method based on scanned data and finite element analysis (FEA) for a wing box assembly involving non-uniform gaps. The effort of the present work is to deal with gap compensation problem using hybrid shims composed of solid and liquid forms. Design/methodology/approach First, the assembly gaps of the mating components are calculated based on the scanned surfaces. The local gap region is extracted by the seed point and region growth algorithm from the scattered point cloud. Second, with the constraints of hole margin, gap space and shim specification, the optional shimming schemes are designed by the exhaustive searching method. Finally, the three-dimensional model of the real component is reconstructed based on the reverse engineering techniques, such as section lines and sweeping. Using FEA software ABAQUS, the stress distribution and damage status of the joints under tensile load are obtained for optimal scheme selection. Findings With the scanned mating surfaces, the non-uniform gaps are digitally evaluated with accurate measurement and good visualization. By filling the hybrid shims in the assembly gaps, the joint structures possess similar load capacity but stronger initial stiffness compared to the custom-shimmed structures. Practical implications This method has been tested with the interface data of a wing tip, and the results have shown good efficiency and automation of the shimming process. Originality/value The proposed method can decrease the manufacturing cost of shims, shorten the shimming process cycle and improve the assembly efficiency.

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45

Hao, Ning, Peixuan Sun, Luze Yang, Yu Qiu, Yingzi Chen, and Wenjin Zhao. "Optimal Allocation of Water Resources and Eco-Compensation Mechanism Model Based on the Interval-Fuzzy Two-Stage Stochastic Programming Method for Tingjiang River." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010149.

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In this work, based on the upper line of water resources utilization and the bottom line of water environmental quality of “Three Lines, Single Project”, a fuzzy optimization method was introduced into the Tingjiang River water resources optimal allocation and eco-compensation mechanism model, which is based on the interval two-stage (ITS) stochastic programming method. In addition, a Tingjiang River water resources allocation and eco-compensation mechanism model based on the interval fuzzy two-stage (IFTS) optimization method was also constructed. The objective functions of both models were to maximize the economic benefits of the Tingjiang River. The available water resources in the basin, the water environmental quality requirements, and regional development requirements were used as constraints, and under the five hydrological scenarios of extreme dryness, dryness, normal flow, abundance, and extreme abundance, the water resources allocation plan of various sectors (industry, municipal, agriculture, and ecology) in the Tingjiang River was optimized, and an eco-compensation mechanism was developed. In this work, the uncertainty of the maximum available water resources in each region and the whole basin was considered. If the maximum available water resources were too high, it would lead to a large waste of water resources, whereas if the maximum available water resources were too low, regional economic development would be limited. Therefore, the above two parameters were set as fuzzy parameters in the optimization model construction in this work. The simulation results from the IFTS model showed that the amount of water available in the river basin directly affects the water usage by various departments, thereby affecting the economic benefits of the river basin and the amount of eco-compensation paid by the downstream areas. The average economic benefit of the Tingjiang River after the optimization of the IFTS model simulation was [3868.51, 5748.99] × 108 CNY, which is an increase of [1.67%, 51.9%] compared to the economic benefit of the basin announced by the government in 2018. Compared to the ITS model, the economic benefit interval of the five hydrological scenarios of extreme dryness, dryness, normal flow, abundance, and extreme abundance was reduced by 28.54%, 44.9%, 31.49%, 40.37%, and 36.43%, respectively, which can improve the economic benefits of the basin and provide more accurate decision-making schemes. In addition, the IFTS simulation showed that the eco-compensation quota paid by downstream Guangdong Province to upstream Fujian Province is [28,116.4, 30,738.6] × 104 CNY, which is a reduction of [8461.404, 110,836] × 104 CNY compared to the 2018 compensation scheme of the government. Compared to the ITS model, the range of eco-compensation values was observed to increase by 9.94%, 54.81%, 15.85%, 50.31%, and 82.90%, respectively, under the five hydrological scenarios, which reduces the burden of ecological expenditure downstream and provides a broader decision-making space for decision-makers and thus enables improved decision-making efficiency. At the same time, after the optimization of the IFTS model, the additional water consumption of the second stage of the Tingjiang River during the extremely dry year decreased by 62.11% compared to the results of the ITS model. The additional water consumption of the industrial sector decreased by 68.39%, the municipal sector decreased by 59.27%, and in the first phase of water resources allocation for 14 districts and counties in the Tingjiang River, industrial and municipal sectors are the main two sectors. After introducing the fuzzy method into the IFTS model, the difference in the water consumption by these two sectors in the basin under different hydrological scenarios can be alleviated, and the waste of water resources caused by too low water allocation or excessive water allocation can be avoided. The national and local (the downstream region) eco-compensation quotas can be indirectly reduced, and the risk of water resources allocation and eco-compensation decision-making in the basin can be effectively reduced.

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46

Elyaalaoui, Kamal, Moussa Labbadi, Mohammed Ouassaid, and Mohamed Cherkaoui. "Optimal Fractional Order Based on Fuzzy Control Scheme for Wind Farm Voltage Control with Reactive Power Compensation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 2, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559242.

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Voltage stability margin is ensured through the reactive power resources. In order to generate the reactive power references and ensure the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) control of a wind farm system based on squirrel cage induction generator, this paper proposed an optimal control approach based on fractional-order (FO) PI-fuzzy-PI (FOPI-fuzzy-FOPI) controller. The proposed control method ensures, also, the demand for active and reactive power predetermined by the transmission system operator (TSO) and satisfies the grid code recommendations. In order to achieve a faster tracking of state variables of the system, the FO operators are optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSOA). Using FO operator and PSOA, the responses of the system can be improved. The proposed controller provides additional parameters for better tracking performance and faster convergence can be achieved. Numerical simulation results are presented to analyze the advantages of the proposed control approach to design a physically, realizable controller. The present results are compared with various control methods to show the superiority of the method proposed in this paper.

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47

Xie, Chongjin, and Peida Ye. "Optimal schemes for dispersion compensation of nondispersion-shifted fiber-based links with chirped fiber gratings." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 21, no. 3 (May 5, 1999): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990505)21:3<183::aid-mop8>3.0.co;2-j.

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48

Shi, Yapeng, Xiaolong He, Wenpeng Zou, Bin Yu, Lipeng Yuan, Mantian Li, Gang Pan, and Kaixian Ba. "Multi-Objective Optimal Torque Control with Simultaneous Motion and Force Tracking for Hydraulic Quadruped Robots." Machines 10, no. 3 (February 24, 2022): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10030170.

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Model-based force control for motion and force tracking faces significant challenges on real quadruped platforms due to the apparent model inaccuracies. In this paper, we present a multi-objective optimal torque control for hydraulic quadruped robots under significant model errors, such as non-modelable hydraulic components, linearization, disturbances, etc. More specifically, the centroidal dynamics are first modeled to project the dynamics of the floating-based whole-body behaviors to the centroidal frame. Model error compensation mechanisms are subsequently developed to track the reference motion of the CoM, torso, and foot-end trajectories, which are mapped into the joint space. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimal torque control scheme is formulated using quadratic programming (QP) to coordinate follow the reference motion and ground reaction forces simultaneously while satisfying all constraints. Finally, we present a series of simulations as well as experiments on a real hydraulic quadruped platform, EHbot. The results demonstrate that the proposed torque control scheme is robust to large model inaccuracies and improves the performance of the overall system.

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49

Xu, Z. Y., X. Q. Yan, X. Zhang, and A. Wen. "Optimal compensating scheme for limiting secondary arc current of 1000-kV UHV short parallel lines." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 6, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 1235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2011.0692.

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50

Toca, Alexei, and Ion Stingaci. "Solutions in Limit Deviations for Optimum Dimensional Structures of Technological Processes of Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.936.

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In the paper the analysis of the dimensional structure of different manufacturing process is made. There are shown that the different schemes of the designer sizes result in a different level of an optimality of a dimensional structure. At definition of number of the technological sizes as criterium of a optimality it is necessary to allow both formation of the intermediate sizes and the effect of errors compensation. The effect of errors compensation is the reason for the change of the sizes nominals and its limit deviations. The detail subjected to machining, is characterized by constructive dimensional links which reflect, eventually, its functionality. The character of the constructive dimensional links is defined by the designer who takes into account the technological features of machine tools, but not in detriment of functionality. Therefore, carrying out of the dimensional analysis on a joint of these two phases is very important with the purpose of improvement of dimensional adaptability to manufacture of made details. One of criterions of this optimality has the structural nature. The manufacturing process is considered optimum, if in the structure of all technological dimensional chaines number of the technological sizes is minimum. This condition executes if to each designer size there corresponds in a technological dimensional chain the unique technological size, and in dimensional circuits for machining allowances, each machining allowance is determined by two technological sizes or one technological size and one size on blank. For different variants of the linear dimensions are shown the way in which are changing the limit deviations of technological sizes and respectively of the constructive sizes of the equivalent details.

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