Статті в журналах: "Optimisation de capacité"

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Sebti, Anas, and Saad Bennis. "Optimisation des coûts de la réhabilitation hydraulique d'un réseau de drainage urbain." Revue des sciences de l’eau 25, no. 2 (August 7, 2012): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1011603ar.

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L’examen d’un certain nombre de réseaux de drainage urbains permet souvent de faire le constat, que ceux-ci deviennent progressivement le siège d’écoulements en charge, voire de refoulements et de débordements. Les impacts sur l’équilibre du milieu aquatique sont préoccupants et peuvent avoir des conséquences graves sur la salubrité des ressources en eau potable et sur l’usage récréatif de ces milieux. Ces dysfonctionnements sont souvent dus à l’augmentation des débits de ruissellement engendrée par l’urbanisation et les changements climatiques et à la réduction de la capacité hydraulique causée par l’usure et le manque de maintenance du réseau. Afin de pallier ces dysfonctionnements hydrauliques et environnementaux, nous avons mis en oeuvre un programme pour optimiser la réhabilitation d’un réseau de drainage urbain. Les interventions potentielles sont principalement axées sur les pratiques de gestion optimales (PGO) qui visent la réduction du débit et du volume de ruissellement. Ces interventions peuvent aussi inclure les méthodes classiques de réhabilitation, voire même le redimensionnement et la reconstruction des conduites problématiques pour améliorer la capacité hydraulique du réseau. Le programme développé a été appliqué sur un réseau synthétique et sur un réseau réel selon plusieurs scénarios de rétention et sous différentes pluies de conception. L’application de la méthodologie au réseau synthétique a permis d’illustrer les avantages d’intégration des PGO dans la conception pour optimiser les coûts de construction et de gestion à court terme tout en évitant les problèmes hydrauliques et environnementaux à long terme. L’étude de cas réels porte sur le réseau de l’arrondissement de Verdun, qui est l’objet de nombreux dysfonctionnements hydrauliques et environnementaux. Le programme proposé a permis de définir la meilleure combinaison entre volume de rétention, réhabilitation et redimensionnement de collecteurs qui conduit aux performances hydrauliques et environnementales visées avec un coût minimal.

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Piarristeguy, Andrea, Pierre Noé, and Françoise Hippert. "Verres de chalcogénures pour le stockage de l’information." Reflets de la physique, no. 74 (December 2022): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/202274058.

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Certains verres de chalcogénures, alliages contenant au moins un des éléments chalcogènes (soufre, sélénium, tellure), ont suscité une attention croissante au fil des ans en raison de leur large éventail d’applications, allant de l’optique infrarouge aux mémoires non volatiles optiques et résistives. Ces dernières utilisent la capacité de certains chalcogénures à commuter rapidement et de manière réversible entre une phase amorphe fortement résistive et une phase cristalline métallique, lorsqu’on leur applique des impulsions électriques qui chauffent localement le matériau. À partir de l’analyse du fonctionnement d’une mémoire résistive à changement de phase utilisant deux types de verres de chalcogénures, nous présentons les propriétés physiques de ces derniers ainsi que des recherches menées actuellement pour poursuivre leur optimisation.

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Boukraa, Mohamed Aziz, Lorenzo Audibert, Marcella Bonazzoli, Houssem Haddar, and Denis Vautrin. "Imagerie d’interface barrage-fondation par inversion de forme d'onde complète." E3S Web of Conferences 504 (2024): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450404002.

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Dans le cadre de l’étude de la stabilité des barrages, la connaissance de l’interface entre le barrage et la roche revêt une grande importance. Le recours à des techniques géophysiques peut apporter des informations complémentaires par rapport aux mesures géotechniques. Nous proposons ici une méthode de traitement des mesures sismiques, l’objectif étant d'obtenir une image de l'interface entre le béton du barrage et le rocher de la fondation avec une résolution métrique. Il s’agit d’une technique de type « Full Waveform Inversion » avec optimisation de forme. Des résultats numériques utilisant des mesures synthétiques montrent la capacité de la méthode à retrouver l'interface avec une précision satisfaisante, pour un nombre limité de points de mesure et en présence de bruit.

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Guay, Jérome, and Martin Lafrance. "L’aménagement multifonctionnel des bassins de rétention en contexte autoroutier : une optimisation des services écologiques." Le Naturaliste canadien 143, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1054124ar.

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Le réaménagement de l’échangeur des autoroutes Félix-Leclerc (A-40) et Laurentienne (A-73) dans la ville de Québec a nécessité la construction de bassins de rétention pour réguler les débits d’eaux pluviales acheminés vers les réseaux de drainage situés en aval du projet. Le plus grand bassin a été aménagé avec une retenue permanente en vue d’optimiser ses fonctions écologiques dans un environnement caractérisé à l’origine par un milieu écologiquement pauvre. Les objectifs de l’aménagement incluaient la lutte contre les espèces exotiques de plantes envahissantes, la création d’habitats floristiques et fauniques ainsi que la requalification paysagère du site et sa capacité d’évoluer sans intervention humaine en consolidant son caractère naturel. Adéquatement conçus, de tels bassins peuvent fournir une gamme de services écologiques de régulation, socioculturels, de production et de support. Ils offrent une solution à l’anthropisation inévitable des écosystèmes dans un contexte d’étalement urbain et de densification de l’occupation du territoire. La valorisation des services écologiques rendus par les bassins aménagés dans le cadre des processus d’autorisation environnementale inciterait les promoteurs à davantage mettre en oeuvre cette pratique et permettrait une meilleure intégration des principes de développement durable aux projets d’infrastructures.

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Lauzière, Séléna, Chantal Besner, and Dany H. Gagnon. "Optimisation du processus de qualification des physiothérapeutes formés hors Canada : l’expérience de l’Université de Montréal." Alterstice 12, no. 1 (2024): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1112117ar.

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La majorité des physiothérapeutes formés hors Canada doivent entreprendre un processus de qualification pour obtenir un permis de pratique de l’Ordre professionnel de la physiothérapie du Québec (OPPQ). Avant 2014, l’accessibilité à une formation d’appoint qualifiante était insuffisante à l’Université de Montréal (UdeM). En effet, les personnes détentrices d’une prescription de formation étaient intégrées dans les cohortes du programme de physiothérapie avec une capacité d’accueil très limitée. Elles se butaient à une liste d’attente d’environ deux ans, leur parcours pouvant s’échelonner sur trois ans à temps partiel, et leur taux de réussite était faible (50 %). Pour résoudre ce problème, un programme de qualification professionnelle en physiothérapie (QPP) a été mis sur pied, menant à un certificat de 2e cycle reconnu par l’OPPQ en 2014. À ce jour, neuf cohortes ont complété le programme, soit plus de 144 personnes admises. L’objectif de cette contribution est de présenter le processus d’accompagnement offert aux personnes étudiantes du programme afin d’optimiser leur réussite ainsi que de présenter les retombées du programme (portrait des personnes admises, taux de réussite, durée des études, satisfaction des personnes étudiantes et de celles qui supervisent les stages, taux de placement). Le processus d’accompagnement semble avoir porté fruit puisque, depuis l’implantation du programme, les données montrent une augmentation importante du taux de réussite, un nombre de personnes complétant leur prescription annuellement qui a triplé et un très bon taux de placement post-formation.

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6

GUEGUEN, N., L. LEFAUCHEUR, and P. HERPIN. "Relations entre fonctionnement mitochondrial et types contractiles des fibres musculaires." INRAE Productions Animales 19, no. 4 (September 13, 2006): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2006.19.4.3494.

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Le muscle, tissu d’importance économique majeure chez les animaux producteurs de viande, est un tissu composite comprenant en majeure partie des fibres musculaires qui constituent une population très hétérogène aux caractéristiques contractiles et métaboliques variées. Les relations entre type contractile des fibres et fonctionnement mitochondrial, un composant essentiel du métabolisme énergétique musculaire, restent mal connues. Leur compréhension est pourtant essentielle pour espérer mieux maîtriser l’impact du type de fibres sur les diverses composantes de la qualité de la viande. Une analyse fine de la composante mitochondriale du fonctionnement énergétique des fi-bres a donc été entreprise en relation avec leurs caractéristiques contractiles. Les résultats indiquent que, contrairement aux fibres rapides de types IIX et IIB, la régulation mitochondriale dans les fibres lentes de type I et, dans une moindre mesure, de type rapide IIA est hautement spécialisée avec une optimisation de l’efficacité des mitochondries (couplage entre oxydation et phosphorylation, capacité oxydative maximale), une restriction de leur perméabilité à l’ADP et un couplage fonctionnel entre les kinases mitochondriales et la production d’ATP, permettant un transfert efficace de l’énergie vers les myosines. De plus, la régulation mitochondriale et les transferts énergétiques sont modulés par l’activation calcium-dépendante des ATPases portées par les myosines.

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7

STARCK, Thomas, and Fabien ESCULIER. "Nutriments dans les eaux usées : premier bilan national détaillé d’une déperdition de ressources stratégiques." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, TSM 7/8 2024 (July 23, 2024): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/20240749.

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Au sein des filières de traitement des eaux usées utilisant le procédé conventionnel à boues activées, les propriétés de décantation des boues au sein du clarificateur secondaire sont susceptibles d’être dégradées, notamment lors de phénomènes de prolifération de bactéries filamenteuses. Cette étude vise à caractériser la décantation de boues obtenues suite à la mise en place à pleine échelle d’une extraction sélective utilisant un hydro-cyclone. Les boues densifiées obtenues présentent des indices de boues stables en deçà de 50 mL.g-1 MES, y compris en période hivernale où l’indice des boues conventionnelles monte à près de 200 mL.g-1 MES. La caractérisation de la sédimentation en colonne fermée équipée de transducteurs ultrasonores a permis de caractériser les régimes de sédimentation de zone et de compression. La boue densifiée présente des vitesses de sédimentation plus que doublées par rapport à la boue conventionnelle (3 m.h-1 à 6,85 g.L-1). Le régime de compression est atteint pour la boue densifiée à une concentration critique beaucoup plus élevée (> 7 g.L-1 contre 4 g.L-1). Ainsi, la capacité d’épaississement de la boue densifiée est bien supérieure, la concentration au fond de la colonne atteignant 20,9 contre 8,5 g.L-1 respectivement pour la boue densifiée et la boue conventionnelle. Ces propriétés permettent une optimisation de la conception et du fonctionnement des ouvrages (réduction du taux de recirculation, augmentation de la charge hydraulique).

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8

ROCHE, C., M. E. VALLE-MEDINA, G. PALLARES, P. SCHMITT, A. PALLARES, M. MEILLIEZ, and J. LAURENT. "Décantabilité de boues activées conventionnelles et densifiées : caractérisation des régimes de sédimentation, perspectives opérationnelles." Techniques Sciences Méthodes 5 (May 22, 2023): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202305035.

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Анотація:

Au sein des filières de traitement des eaux usées utilisant le procédé conventionnel à boues activées, les propriétés de décantation des boues au sein du clarificateur secondaire sont susceptibles d’être dégradées, notamment lors de phénomènes de prolifération de bactéries filamenteuses. Cette étude vise à caractériser la décantation de boues obtenues suite à la mise en place à pleine échelle d’une extraction sélective utilisant un hydrocyclone. Les boues densifiées obtenues présentent des indices de boues stables en deçà de 50 mL/g MES (matières en suspension), y compris en période hivernale où l’indice des boues conventionnelles monte à près de 200 mL/g MES. La caractérisation de la sédimentation en colonne fermée équipée de transducteurs ultrasonores a permis de caractériser les régimes de sédimentation de zone et de compression. La boue densifiée présente des vitesses de sédimentation plus que doublées par rapport à la boue conventionnelle (3 m/h à 6,85 g/L). Le régime de compression est atteint pour la boue densifiée à une concentration critique beaucoup plus élevée (> 7 g/L contre 4 g/L). Ainsi, la capacité d’épaississement de la boue densifiée est bien supérieure, la concentration au fond de la colonne atteignant 20,9 contre 8,5 g/L respectivement pour la boue densifiée et la boue conventionnelle. Ces propriétés permettent une optimisation de la conception et du fonctionnement des ouvrages (réduction du taux de recirculation, augmentation de la charge hydraulique).

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Abdou, Issoufou Mamane, Yahaya Bissala Hassane, Tchicama Mamane Mella, and Adamou Zanguina. "Etude des caractéristiques physico-chimiques d'un compost élaboré par une technique de compostage innovante à Madaoua, Niger." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 18, no. 3 (September 4, 2024): 1166–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v18i3.34.

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Au Niger la disponibilité des engrais est une contrainte pour la productivité agricole. Afin de produire un compost de bonne qualité en un délai moyen de compostage de 35 jours avec une capacité de production pouvant aller jusqu`à 15 tonnes de compost pour un seul chargement, il a été élaboré au cours de cette étude un compost (C2) de qualité chimique à travers une technique de compostage aérobie sans retournements en système semi fermé, qui permet une optimisation de la main d’œuvre, de la quantité d’eau d’arrosage, et de la durée de compostage, et un autre compost (C1) par la méthode traditionnelle en fosse. Les matériaux utilisés étaient constitués de tige de mil broyée et de fumier de bovin dans les proportions respectives de 2/3 et 1/3. Le mélange ainsi constitué était composté durant trois mois pour les deux types de composts C1 et C2. Les composts élaborés présentaient les caractéristiques physico-chimiques suivantes :Pour le C1 après 90 jours d’incubation :pH 8.6 ; CE : 1.23mS/cm ; MO :15.845% ;C :9.19% ;Azote :0.60% ;C/N :15.31 ; Phosphore : 0.75% ; Potassium : 0.79% ; Calcium : 3.01% et Magnésium : 0.61% et pour le C2 après 30 jours d’incubation : pH8.7 ; CE : 1mS/cm ; MO : 15.043% ; C : 8.72% ; Azote : 0.65% ; C/N : 13.41; Phosphore : 0.80 ; Potassium : 0.88% ; Calcium : 3.54% et Magnésium : 0.683%.Ces composts, en particulier le C2 présentait mieux des caractéristiques favorables pour être utilisé comme nutriment aux plantes, par le biais de la restauration de la fertilité du sol. Nos résultats offrent ainsi des nouveaux outils écologiques, alternatifs et innovants de restauration des terres afin de soutenir une agriculture durable et rentable au Niger

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Mounce, S. R., W. Shepherd, S. Ostojin, M. Abdel-Aal, A. N. A. Schellart, J. D. Shucksmith, and S. J. Tait. "Optimisation of a fuzzy logic-based local real-time control system for mitigation of sewer flooding using genetic algorithms." Journal of Hydroinformatics 22, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2019.058.

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Abstract Urban flooding damages properties, causes economic losses and can seriously threaten public health. An innovative, fuzzy logic (FL)-based, local autonomous real-time control (RTC) approach for mitigating this hazard utilising the existing spare capacity in urban drainage networks has been developed. The default parameters for the control algorithm, which uses water level-based data, were derived based on domain expert knowledge and optimised by linking the control algorithm programmatically to a hydrodynamic sewer network model. This paper describes a novel genetic algorithm (GA) optimisation of the FL membership functions (MFs) for the developed control algorithm. In order to provide the GA with strong training and test scenarios, the compiled rainfall time series based on recorded rainfall and incorporating multiple events were used in the optimisation. Both decimal and integer GA optimisations were carried out. The integer optimisation was shown to perform better on unseen events than the decimal version with considerably reduced computational run time. The optimised FL MFs result in an average 25% decrease in the flood volume compared to those selected by experts for unseen rainfall events. This distributed, autonomous control using GA optimisation offers significant benefits over traditional RTC approaches for flood risk management.

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Colombo, F., F. Della Santa, and S. Pieraccini. "Multi-Objective Optimisation of an Aerostatic Pad: Design of Position, Number and Diameter of the Supply Holes." Journal of Mechanics 36, no. 3 (January 13, 2020): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2019.41.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper, a rectangular aerostatic bearing with multiple supply holes is optimised with a multiobjective optimisation approach. The design variables taken into account are the supply holes position, their number and diameter, the supply pressure, while the objective functions are the load capacity, the air consumption and the stiffness and damping coefficients. A genetic algorithm is applied in order to find the Pareto set of solutions. The novelty with respect to other optimisations which can be found in literature is that number and location of the supply holes is completely free and not associated to a pre-defined scheme. A vector x associated with the supply holes location is introduced in the design parameters and given in input to the optimizer.

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JARZUEL, F., M. PASTEUR, M. EDOH, M. MARCHANDEAU, A. L. DUPART, T. FONTAINE, A. VAN DER MEEREN, and F. CAIRE-MAURISIER. "Ca-DTPA : Développement d’une forme galénique adaptée au traitement d’une contamination d’ordre nucléaire ou radiologique sur peau saine ou lésée." Revue Médecine et Armées, Volume 50, Numéro 2 (June 6, 2024): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.8636.

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La Pharmacie centrale des armées (PCA) a développé le « gel stérile Ca-DTPA Pharmacie Centrale des Armées 25% », qui est une forme galénique offrant les avantages d’un temps de contact accru, bénéfique pour la chélation des actinides tels que le plutonium et l’américium et permettant une meilleur gestion des déchets radio contaminés. L’industrialisation d’un gel stérile nécessite de respecter deux contraintes principales : la formulation du gel et le process de stérilisation. La PCA s’est orientée vers un gel car c’est une forme galénique aqueuse offrant une répartition homogène de la substance active, garantissant l’efficacité du traitement. Le traitement des peaux lésées ou des plaies exigent une forme stérile Le développement galénique de cette forme s’est déroulée en plusieurs étapes : choix de l’excipient de gélifications, optimisation de la formule pour obtenir la viscosité souhaitée, puis la transposition industrielle sur des équipements dédiés. La production d’un médicament stérile nécessite le respect de certaines règles spécifiques dont l’emploi d’équipement industriels adaptés (nettoyabilité et stérilisation en place), l’application de méthodes rigoureuses et justifiées, des contraintes environnementales et techniques importantes. Ces dernières doivent permettre la reproductibilité des productions en garantissant leurs qualités physico-chimiques et microbiologiques. La production du gel stérile de Ca-DTPA nécessite un système d’introduction des matières premières, de mélange, de conditionnement primaire en tube et de stérilisation finale par chaleur humide. Le procédé de production doit être validé de sorte à limiter toute source de contamination externes ou d’origine endogène, tout en assurant la reproductibilité de la fabrication industrielle du médicament. Cela implique, les équipements, les locaux, les matières premières, les articles de conditionnement, les personnels et les méthodes de contrôles en cours ces facteurs et tout autre élément pouvant impacter la qualité de la production industrielle. Ainsi, la PCA est un outil adapté à la mise sur le marché de ce nouveau médicament « gel stérile Ca-DTPA Pharmacie Centrale des Armées 25% » de par sa maîtrise de la formulation galénique et sa capacité à industrialiser. Elle est responsable de la qualité pharmaceutique du développement galénique de cette voie d’administration du Ca-DTPA. La sécurité et l’efficacité de ce gel pour la décontamination des actinides est évaluée par le Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA).

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Županović, Dino, Mario Anžek, and Goran Kos. "Optimisation of Signal-controlled Intersection Capacity." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 22, no. 6 (March 2, 2012): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v22i6.207.

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Road traffic safety is a complex system which combines movement of entities in precisely determined space and time dimension. Each of the entities, with their different properties, sets different requirements to road traffic system, including also other entities. Due to the large number of entities and their characteristic requirements, their interaction results in extremely complex relations which determine the behaviour of the road traffic system. The entities are combined according to their common features into certain groups, the movements of which usually result in conflicts. In such situations it is necessary to ensure the movement of a group of entities. This method of insurance necessarily creates negative consequences for all the entities that participate in road traffic system. In order to mitigate as much as possible these consequences, it is necessary to find an adequate method of optimising road traffic system according to a given criterion. The paper uses the results of the analysis of more than 100 road traffic system models and presents the methodology of determining the level of their interconnection. The level of influence of the basic traffic values on the final effect, i.e. the possibility of optimising signal-controlled intersections has been found and described. KEYWORDS: traffic flow, signalized intersection, pretimedsystem, optimization, 2-phase system, 4-phase system, volume-to-capacity, lost time

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Costa, Elena, Harald Haas, Egon Schulz, and Alessio Filippi. "Capacity optimisation in MC-CDMA systems." European Transactions on Telecommunications 13, no. 5 (September 2002): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.4460130506.

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ZHANG, Hai, Shaoquan NI, and Miaomiao LV. "Train Timetabling Optimisation Model Considering Headway Coordination between Mainline and Depot." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 36, no. 3 (June 20, 2024): 463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v36i3.483.

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This paper proposes an optimisation model for an urban rail transit line timetable considering headway coordination between the mainline and the depot during the transition period. The model accounts for the tracking operation scenario of trains inserted from the depot onto the mainline and related train operation constraints. The optimisation objectives are the number of trains inserted, maximum train capacity rate and average headway deviation. Second-generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is designed to solve the model. A case study shows that optimisation achieves a total of 25 trains inserted, a maximum train capacity rate of 0.975 and an average headway deviation of 9.5 s, resulting in significant improvements in train operations and passenger satisfaction. Compared with the current train timetable before optimisation, the average dwell time and the maximum train capacity rate at various stations have been reduced after optimisation. The proposed model and approach can be used for train timetabling optimisation and managing the operations of urban rail transit lines.

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Gilbert, Benoit P., Lip H. Teh, and Hong Guan. "Self-shape optimisation principles: Optimisation of section capacity for thin-walled profiles." Thin-Walled Structures 60 (November 2012): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2012.06.009.

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WANG, Feng, Kun LI, Chunfu SHAO, Jianjun ZHANG, Banglan LI, and Ning HAN. "Optimisation of Signal Timing at Intersections with Waiting Areas." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 34, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v34i2.3870.

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Unconventional geometric designs such as continu-ous-flow intersections, U-turns, and contraflow left-turn lanes have been proposed to reduce left-turn conflicts and improve intersection efficiency. Having a waiting area at a signalised intersection is an unconventional de-sign that is used widely in China and Japan to improve traffic capacity. Many studies have shown that waiting areas improve traffic capacity greatly, but few have con-sidered how to improve the benefits of this design from the aspect of signal optimisation. Comparing the start-up process of intersections with and without waiting areas, this work explores how this geometric design influenc-es vehicle transit time, proposes two signal optimisation strategies, and establishes a unified capacity calculation model. Taking capacity maximisation as the optimisation function, a cycle optimisation model is derived for over-saturated intersections. Finally, the relationship among waiting-area storage capacity, cycle time, and traffic ca-pacity is discussed using field survey data. The results of two cases show that optimising the signal scheme helps reduce intersection delays by 10–15%.

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Altin, Cemil. "Differential Evolution Algorithm Based Very Fast Renewable Energy System Optimisation Tool Design." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 29, no. 4 (September 7, 2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.eie.33872.

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In this study, an optimisation tool that uses the differential evolution algorithm with a special distribution strategy is designed for the first time to be used in the optimisation of hybrid renewable energy systems. The developed tool and the hybrid optimisation model for multiple energy resources (HOMER) optimisation programme were compared. The tool is much faster than the HOMER programme and can produce almost the same results as HOMER. In addition, a heuristic-based optimisation technique was used for the first time to generate extremely comprehensive findings. The capacity shortage parameter, which is not used much in the literature, is used as a reliability parameter. The cost of energy (COE) was used as the cost function. The results are promising for detailed optimisation studies in this area.

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Singh, Jyoti, Jyoti Singh, Krishna Kalyan, Krishna Kalyan, Abigail Yikona, Abigail Yikona, Sourav Sen, et al. "Optimisation of a process for cocoa-based vermicelli." Foods and Raw Materials 6, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2018-2-291-295.

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Due to its health promoting properties owing to a high phenolic content and sensory acceptability, cocoa has gained interest as an additive of choice in many food products. The purpose of this study was to incorporate cocoa powder (CP) in vermicelli. Different proportions of cocoa powder (5, 10, 15 and 20%) were prepared by mixing it into a blend of wheat flour and rice flour (60:40) as base ingredients. The quality parameters, including nutritional characteristics, antioxidant activity, cooking and functional properties, and sensory acceptability, were studied. The nutritional profiling showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate alongside a significiant decrease in the moisture content. Similarly, an antioxidant activity increased significantly at p < 0.05, with the increase of cocoa powder concentration. It can be concluded that vermicelli with the 10% cocoa powder incorporated was the best treatment since it was rated as the highest in overall acceptability compared to the other formulations. The bulk density, cooked weight, cooking time, gruel solid loss, and water absorption capacity of samples with 10% cocoa powder were 0.714 g/cm3, 11.56 g, 7.21 min, 0.47 g/100 g, and 146%, respectively. The energy value of the optimised cocoa-based vermicelli was 375 kcal/100g of sample.

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Wang, Juan, Sirui Wang, Fengzhong Zhang, and Xueyang Sun. "Capacity optimisation of rural distributed energy system based on two-stage robust optimisation algorithm." International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 44, no. 4 (2024): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2024.139096.

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21

Gutema, Tilahun Zerihun, Harald Haas, and Wasiu O. Popoola. "Bias Point Optimisation in LiFi for Capacity Enhancement." Journal of Lightwave Technology 39, no. 15 (August 2021): 5021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2021.3083510.

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Dorda, Michal, Dusan Teichmann, and Vojtech Graf. "OPTIMISATION OF SERVICE CAPACITY BASED ON QUEUEING THEORY." MM Science Journal 2019, no. 03 (October 1, 2019): 2975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2019_10_201889.

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23

Humphreys, Peter, Belinda Spratt, Mersedeh Tariverdi, Robert L. Burdett, David Cook, Prasad K. D. V. Yarlagadda, and Paul Corry. "An Overview of Hospital Capacity Planning and Optimisation." Healthcare 10, no. 5 (April 29, 2022): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050826.

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Health care is uncertain, dynamic, and fast growing. With digital technologies set to revolutionise the industry, hospital capacity optimisation and planning have never been more relevant. The purposes of this article are threefold. The first is to identify the current state of the art, to summarise/analyse the key achievements, and to identify gaps in the body of research. The second is to synthesise and evaluate that literature to create a holistic framework for understanding hospital capacity planning and optimisation, in terms of physical elements, process, and governance. Third, avenues for future research are sought to inform researchers and practitioners where they should best concentrate their efforts. In conclusion, we find that prior research has typically focussed on individual parts, but the hospital is one body that is made up of many interdependent parts. It is also evident that past attempts considering entire hospitals fail to incorporate all the detail that is necessary to provide solutions that can be implemented in the real world, across strategic, tactical and operational planning horizons. A holistic approach is needed that includes ancillary services, equipment medicines, utilities, instrument trays, supply chain and inventory considerations.

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24

Woerner, Stefan, Marco Laumanns, and Stephan M. Wagner. "Joint optimisation of capacity and safety stock allocation." International Journal of Production Research 56, no. 13 (September 26, 2017): 4612–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1380323.

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25

Qi, Hanghang, David Malone, and Dmitri Botvich. "Optimisation of capacity in various 802.11 gaming scenarios." International Journal of Advanced Media and Communication 4, no. 4 (2010): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijamc.2010.036833.

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26

Pimentel, Heloisa Peixoto de Barros, and Paulo Cardieri. "Optimisation of the transmission capacity of cognitive networks." IET Communications 14, no. 4 (March 3, 2020): 568–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2019.0628.

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Burdett, RL. "Optimisation models for expanding a railway's theoretical capacity." European Journal of Operational Research 251, no. 3 (June 2016): 783–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2015.12.033.

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Wang, Z., G. A. Fimbres Weihs, P. R. Neal, and D. E. Wiley. "Effect of storage capacity on CO2 pipeline optimisation." Energy Procedia 63 (2014): 2757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.298.

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Zhao, Jie, Mingcheng Zhang, Biao Zhao, Xiao Du, Huaixun Zhang, Lei Shang, and Chenhao Wang. "Integrated Reactive Power Optimisation for Power Grids Containing Large-Scale Wind Power Based on Improved HHO Algorithm." Sustainability 15, no. 17 (August 28, 2023): 12962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151712962.

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Large-scale wind power grid integration will greatly change the system current distribution, making it difficult for the reactive power regulator to adjust to the optimal state. In this paper, an integrated reactive power optimisation method based on the improved Harris Hawk (HHO) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, a reactive power regulation model is constructed to solve the reactive power regulation interval of wind turbines, and the reactive power margin of wind turbines is used to participate in the system’s reactive power optimisation. Finally, a reactive power compensation capacity allocation optimisation model considering nodal voltage deviation, line loss and equipment investment cost, is established, and a reactive power optimisation scheme is obtained using the Harris Hawk optimisation algorithm on the basis of considering the constraints of the wind turbine reactive power output interval. The improved HHO algorithm is used to solve the reactive power optimisation scheme considering the constraints of tidal power, machine end voltage, a conventional generator and wind farm reactive power. In the simulation, the effects of the improved Harris Hawk optimisation algorithm and the particle swarm optimisation algorithm are compared, and the experimental results prove that compared to the particle swarm algorithm, the optimisation result of the improved Harris Hawk optimisation algorithm reduces the average loss of the system by 42.6% and reduces the average voltage deviation by 30.3%, which confirms that the improved Harris Hawk intelligent optimisation algorithm is effective in proving its superiority and solving the multi-objective model for reactive power optimisation.

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30

Bermudez, J. C. M., and B. B. Bhattacharyya. "Optimisation of parasitic insensitive switched capacitor biquads." IEE Proceedings G (Electronic Circuits and Systems) 134, no. 6 (1987): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-1.1987.0041.

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Gallant, André, and Clément Gosselin. "PARAMETRIC TRAJECTORY OPTIMISATION FOR INCREASED PAYLOAD." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 40, no. 2 (June 2016): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0011.

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The load-carrying capacity of manipulators is often considered to be the same throughout their workspace. However, the actual capacity of manipulators largely depends on their posture, their velocity, their acceleration and the limits of their actuators. In this paper, a method is proposed to increase the payload capacity of manipulators through trajectory optimisation. This optimisation is performed on a task basis and therefore, the load-carrying capacity varies from task to task. An extensive analysis of the method is conducted based on its application on a planar RR serial two degree-of-freedom manipulator. This analysis evaluates the ability of the method to find feasible trajectories and compares the results with those obtained using Bang-bang type methods. It is shown that, although the trajectories produced by the proposed method are not time optimal, the method is much more versatile and much simpler to implement than its Bang-bang counterparts.

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32

Hurtado-Pérez, A. B., A. de J. Pablo-Sotelo, F. Ramírez-López, J. J. Hernández-Gómez, and M. F. Mata-Rivera. "Iterative design of satellite structures and topology optimisation methods." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2804, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2804/1/012001.

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Abstract Satellite launches are critical amid increasing demands for advanced services. Rising costs urge innovation in engineering. Enhancing satellite structural integrity during launches is crucial due to intense vibrations. Topology optimisation and additive manufacturing converge as promising solutions. Topology optimisation uses mathematical techniques to iteratively improve structures by reducing mass while enhancing attributes like load capacity. This field, active for about three decades, employs continuum and discrete algorithms to optimise structures. Recent trends show optimised structures through topology optimisation and additive manufacturing promise cost-effective and high-performance solutions. This study aims to extensively review topology optimisation methods, specifically focusing on satellite structures, to shape future developments within the years to come.

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33

Kubit, Andrzej, Tomasz Trzepieciński, Rafał Kluz, Krzysztof Ochałek, and Ján Slota. "Multi-Criteria Optimisation of Friction Stir Welding Parameters for EN AW-2024-T3 Aluminium Alloy Joints." Materials 15, no. 15 (August 7, 2022): 5428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155428.

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The aim of this research was the selection of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters for joining stiffening elements (Z-stringers) to a thin-walled structure (skin) made of 1 mm-thick EN AW-2024 T3 aluminium alloy sheets. Overlapping sheets were friction stir welded with variable values of welding speed, pin length (plunge depth), and tool rotational speed. The experimental research was carried out based on a three-factor three-level full factorial Design of Experiments plan (DoE). The load capacity of the welded joints was determined in uniaxial tensile/pure shear tests. Based on the results of the load capacity of the joint and the dispersion of this parameter, multi-criteria optimisation was carried out to indicate the appropriate parameters of the linear FSW process. The optimal parameters of the FSW process were determined based on a regression equation assessed by the Fisher–Senecor test. The vast majority of articles reviewed concern the optimisation of welding parameters for only one selected output parameter (most often joint strength). The aim of multi-criteria optimisation was to determine the most favourable combination of parameters in terms of both the smallest dispersion and highest load capacity of the joints. It was found that an increase in welding speed at a given value of pin length caused a decrease in the load capacity of the joint, as well as a significant increase in the dispersion of the results. The use of the parameters obtained as a result of multi-criteria optimisation will allow a minimum load capacity of the joints of 5.38 kN to be obtained with much greater stability of the results.

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R., Gohilai, and Prashanth K. "Artificial Intelligence Based MPPT Techniques of Photo Voltaic System." International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering 10, no. 07 (July 31, 2023): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijirae.2023.v1007.13.

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In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) investigates the global optimal solution by taking advantage of the memory of the particle and the swarm. PSO has evolved into one of the most significant Swam Intelligence techniques and Evolutionary Computation algorithms due to its characteristics of low constraint on the continuity of goal function and joint of search space, and capacity to adapt to dynamic environments. The development of algorithms over the years is then discussed, along with applications in multi-objective optimisation, neural networks, electronics, etc. The remaining issues and potential prospects for PSO research are then examined. One of the concepts of swarm intelligence introduced in the field of computing and artificial intelligence is particle swarm optimisation (PSO). PSO is a novel collective and distributed intelligent paradigm for problem solving, primarily in the field of optimisation, without centralized control or the provision of a global model. In this work, the basic PSO, its improvements, its applications to various systems, including electric power systems, and its premature convergence as well as its combination with other intelligent algorithms to enhance search capacity and shorten the time required to exit local optimums are all thoroughly reviewed.

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35

Alodhaibi, Sultan, Robert L. Burdett, and Prasad K. D. V. Yarlagadda. "An Analytical Optimisation Framework for Airport Terminal Capacity Expansion." Complexity 2020 (October 1, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2976281.

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This article considers how to allocate additional physical resources within airport terminals. An optimization model was developed to determine where additional resources should be placed to minimise passenger waiting times. The objective function is stochastic and can only be evaluated using discrete event simulation. As this model is stochastic and nonlinear, a Simulated Annealing (SA) metaheuristic was implemented and tested. The SA algorithm repeatedly perturbs a resource allocation solution using one of two methods. The first method is creating new solution randomly in each iteration, and the second method is local search that is mimicked by any move of the current solution of x solution chosen randomly in its neighborhood. Numerical testing shows that the random approach is best, and solutions that are 12.11% better can be obtained.

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36

Hao, Xuguang, Mei Song, Yunan Feng, and Wen Zhang. "De-Capacity Policy Effect on China’s Coal Industry." Energies 12, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12122331.

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Overcapacity in China’s coal industry has serious negative impacts on the rational allocation of coal resources and stable operation of the national economy. Since 2016, the Chinese government has implemented a series of de-capacity policies to optimise coal production capacity. Timely policy effect assessment is of great significance to the government to guide high-quality development of the coal industry. This paper first reviews the dilemma encountered by China’s coal industry prior to 2016, and then analyses the progress and effect of coal industry de-capacity. The main results are as follows: (1) The capacity reduction is mainly distributed in the central and southwestern regions. Most of the coal mines are state-owned, and there is a prominent worker resettlement problem. (2) The capacity optimisation policy has accelerated the implementation of the overall spatial planning of China’s coal supply. China’s coal production centre has shifted from the central and eastern regions to the west, and the industry’s high-quality development pattern has taken shape. (3) China’s coal industrial profitability has constantly been improving, industry concentration has increased significantly, and coal mining has become safer. (4) Due to the regional heterogeneity, the de-capacity policy effect has significant differences in coal production capacity and employee reduction in various regions. Finally, regarding the optimisation of China’s coal production capacity, some policy implications are given.

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37

Truong, Viet Hung. "Discrete optimisation of steel-concrete composite sections in simple girder bridges." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 64, no. 1 (January 25, 2022): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.64(1).38-43.

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In this study, the optimisation design problem of steel-concrete composite sections in simple girder bridges is developed. Design variables including the thickness of the desk and the dimensions of the girder section are discrete variables to reflect the realistic design works. The total cost of the desk and the steel girder is the objective function that is minimised. The design requirements of the geometry, load-carrying capacity, and deformation provided in the TCVN 11823:2017 standard are used as the optimisation constraints. The above discrete optimisation is solved by using the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm. A 42(m) simple girder is studied. The numerical results show that the optimal designs save about 15% compared to using the conventional design method. It can be concluded that applying the optimisation in the design of steel-concrete composite beams brings high efficiency and it is easily applied in practice.

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38

Diao, Yujia, Xueqing Yu, Chaohong Zhang, and Yingjun Jing. "Optimisation of the clarification of kiwifruit juice with tannic acid-modified chitosan." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 39, No. 3 (June 29, 2021): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/13/2021-cjfs.

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Chitosan (CS) is an effective clarifying agent for fruit juice. However, its low antioxidant ability is a limitation in preserving the antioxidant capacity of the juice during clarification. In this work, an antioxidant CS derivative, tannic acid-modified CS (TA-CS), was used as a clarifying agent to optimise the clarification of kiwifruit juice. By using response surface methodology and the transmittance of the juice as a response, the optimal clarification conditions were obtained as follows: TA-CS concentration of 600 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>, juice pH of 3.5, and heating temperature of 70 °C. Under the optimal conditions, TA-CS showed an excellent clarification effect on kiwifruit juice, which was confirmed by the high transmittance of 99.3%. Meanwhile, the retention rate of vitamin C in the juice reached 97.0% for the TA-CS treatment, being significantly higher than that for the CS treatment. Our results suggest that TA-CS may be a promising clarifying agent for the production of fruit juice.

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39

Kavian, Y. S., H. F. Rashvand, W. Ren, M. S. Leeson, E. L. Hines, and M. Naderi. "RWA problem for designing DWDM networks – delay against capacity optimisation." Electronics Letters 43, no. 16 (2007): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20071219.

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40

Huang, Chao‐Ming, Shin‐Ju Chen, Sung‐Pei Yang, Yann‐Chang Huang, and Po‐Yi Chen. "Capacity optimisation for an SAMS considering LCOE and reliability objectives." IET Renewable Power Generation 12, no. 7 (March 23, 2018): 787–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2017.0676.

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41

Verma, Anoop, Nagesh Shukla, Satish Tyagi, and Nishikant Mishra. "Stochastic modelling and optimisation of multi-plant capacity planning problem." International Journal of Intelligent Engineering Informatics 2, no. 2/3 (2014): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijiei.2014.066209.

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42

Xie, R., F. R. Yu, and H. Ji. "Outage capacity optimisation for cognitive radio networks with cooperative communications." IET Communications 6, no. 11 (2012): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2011.0343.

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43

Garmabdari, Rasoul, Mojtaba Moghimi, Fuwen Yang, Evan Gray, and Junwei Lu. "Multi-objective energy storage capacity optimisation considering Microgrid generation uncertainties." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 119 (July 2020): 105908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.105908.

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44

Tsouri, Gill R., and Dov Wulich. "Capacity analysis and optimisation of OFDM with distortionless PAPR reduction." European Transactions on Telecommunications 19, no. 7 (November 2008): 781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.1330.

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45

Koumar, Aushim, Tine Tysmans, Rajan Filomeno Coelho, and Niels De Temmerman. "An Automated Structural Optimisation Methodology for Scissor Structures Using a Genetic Algorithm." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6843574.

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We developed a fully automated multiobjective optimisation framework using genetic algorithms to generate a range of optimal barrel vault scissor structures. Compared to other optimisation methods, genetic algorithms are more robust and efficient when dealing with multiobjective optimisation problems and provide a better view of the search space while reducing the chance to be stuck in a local minimum. The novelty of this work is the application and validation (using metrics) of genetic algorithms for the shape and size optimisation of scissor structures, which has not been done so far for two objectives. We tested the feasibility and capacity of the methodology by optimising a 6 m span barrel vault to weight and compactness and by obtaining optimal solutions in an efficient way using NSGA-II. This paper presents the framework and the results of the case study. The in-depth analysis of the influence of the optimisation variables on the results yields new insights which can help in making choices with regard to the design variables, the constraints, and the number of individuals and generations in order to obtain efficiently a trade-off of optimal solutions.

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46

Cakiroglu, Celal, Gebrail Bekdaş, Sanghun Kim, and Zong Geem. "Optimisation of Shear and Lateral–Torsional Buckling of Steel Plate Girders Using Meta-Heuristic Algorithms." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 3639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103639.

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The shear buckling of web plates and lateral–torsional buckling are among the major failure modes of plate girders. The importance of the lateral–torsional buckling capacity of plate girders was further evidenced when several plate girders of a bridge in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada failed in 2015, because insufficient bracing led to the lateral buckling of the plate girders. In this study, we focus on the optimisation of the cross-sections of plate girders using a well-known and extremely efficient meta-heuristic optimisation algorithm called the harmony search algorithm. The objective of this optimisation is to design the cross-sections of the plate girders with the minimum area that satisfies requirements, such as the lateral–torsional buckling load and ultimate shear stress. The base geometry, material properties, applied load and boundary conditions were taken from an experimental study and optimised. It was revealed that the same amount of load-carrying capacity demonstrated by this model can be achieved with a cross-sectional area 16% smaller than that of the original specimen. Furthermore, the slenderness of the web plate was found to have a decisive effect on the cost-efficiency of the plate girder design.

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47

Zhao, Hongluan, and Mengmeng Su. "Traffic Signal Timing Scheme Based on the Improved Harris Hawks Optimisation." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 36, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v36i2.398.

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With the continuous increase of urban vehicles, traffic congestion becomes severe in the metropolitan areas and higher car utilisation areas. The traffic signal timing scheme can effectively alleviate traffic congestion at intersections. We need to make a profound study in the traffic signal timing. An optimisation model is established, which not only takes the average delay time of vehicles, the number of vehicle stops and the traffic capacity, but also takes the exhaust emissions as the evaluation indexes. The model is too complex and involves too many variables to be solved by using multi-objective programming. Thus, the Harris Hawks Optimisation (HHO) with few parameters and high search accuracy was used to solve the model. To avoid the disadvantages of poor search performance and easy to fall into local optimisation of the Harris Hawks Algorithm, multi-strategy improvements were introduced. The experimental effects show that during the peak hours of traffic flow, the improved algorithm can reduce the average vehicle delay by 36.7%, the exhaust emission by 31.2% and increase the vehicle capacity by 41.6%. The above indicators have also been upgraded during the low peak stage.

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48

Ghafoor, Aras, Jamal Aldahmashi, Judith Apsley, Siniša Djurović, Xiandong Ma, and Mohamed Benbouzid. "Intelligent Integration of Renewable Energy Resources Review: Generation and Grid Level Opportunities and Challenges." Energies 17, no. 17 (September 2, 2024): 4399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174399.

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This paper reviews renewable energy integration with the electrical power grid through the use of advanced solutions at the device and system level, using smart operation with better utilisation of design margins and power flow optimisation with machine learning. This paper first highlights the significance of credible temperature measurements for devices with advanced power flow management, particularly the use of advanced fibre optic sensing technology. The potential to expand renewable energy generation capacity, particularly of existing wind farms, by exploiting thermal design margins is then explored. Dynamic and adaptive optimal power flow models are subsequently reviewed for optimisation of resource utilisation and minimisation of operational risks. This paper suggests that system-level automation of these processes could improve power capacity exploitation and network stability economically and environmentally. Further research is needed to achieve these goals.

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49

Brown, Sarah-Jane. "The legal justification for donor optimisation procedures." Clinical Ethics 11, no. 4 (July 7, 2016): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750916657665.

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Current organ procurement policies in the UK include ante-mortem interventions to facilitate organ donation. However, a clear and unambiguous legal framework for these procedures does not currently exist. The Human Tissue Act (HTA) 2004 does not provide authority for donor optimisation procedures before death, and there are a number of difficulties in encompassing these procedures within the Mental Capacity Act (MCA) 2005 provisions on best interests. This article proposes a system of specific advance consent to enable best interests to take on its ascribed role as the legal justification for donor optimisation procedures.

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50

Van Breussegem, T. M., M. Wens, E. Geukens, D. Geys, and M. S. J. Steyaert. "Area-driven optimisation of switched-capacitor DC/DC converters." Electronics Letters 44, no. 25 (2008): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20081687.

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