Статті в журналах: "Optimal power dispatch"

1

Dhillon, J. S., S. C. Parti, and D. P. Kothari. "Multiobjective optimal thermal power dispatch." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 16, no. 6 (December 1994): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-0615(94)90025-6.

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2

Ajjarapu, Venkataramana, J. Carr, and R. S. Ramshaw. "Security constrained optimal reactive power dispatch." Electric Power Systems Research 16, no. 3 (May 1989): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7796(89)90013-8.

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3

Fikri Ruslan, Nabil, Ismail Musirin, Mohamad Khairuzzaman Mohamad Zamani, Muhammad Murtadha Othman, Zulkiffli Abdul Hamid, Zikri Abadi Baharuddin, and Nor Azura Md Ghani. "Power Tracing Monitoring incorporating Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.15 (August 13, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.15.17394.

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General power flow studies do not manage to trace the contributors by generators on power losses in the whole power transmission system. Thus, power tracing approach is utilized to address this issue. Power tracing is a termed used to describe the contributors for the power losses dissipated on the transmission line. The traditional technique made use the knowledge of circuit analysis such as cut set theory. However, there was no element of optimization which can help to achieve the optimal solution. This paper presents the power tracing monitoring during voltage stability improvement process, implemented by optimal reactive power dispatch. In this study, the impact of power tracing on voltage stability variation was investigated. Evolutionary Programming (EP) was developed and utilized to incorporate power tracing, along with voltage stability improvement. A pre-developed scalar voltage stability index was incorporated to indicate the voltage stability condition. On the other hand, the voltage stability initiative was conducted via the optimal reactive power dispatch. The power tracing was monitored for both; the pre-optimization and post-optimization scenarios. Small system model was tested to realize the power tracing phenomenon, which is rather rare study in power system community. Results on power tracing obtained during the pre- and post-optimal reactive power dispatch revealed that not all generators will involve in the contribution on the total transmission loss in the system. This can be beneficial to power system operators for allocating the cost without discrimination in the long run.

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4

Moreno, Ricardo, Johan Obando, and Gabriel Gonzalez. "An integrated OPF dispatching model with wind power and demand response for day-ahead markets." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 2794. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2794-2802.

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In the day-ahead dispatching of network-constrained electricity markets, renewable energy and distributed resources are dispatched together with conventional generation. The uncertainty and volatility associated to renewable resources represents a new paradigm to be faced for power system operation. Moreover, in various electricity markets there are mechanisms to allow the demand participation through demand response (DR) strategies. Under operational and economic restrictions, the operator each day, or even in intra-day markets, dispatchs an optimal power flow to find a feasible state of operation. The operation decisions in power markets use an optimal power flow considering unit commitment to dispatch economically generation and DR resources under security restrictions. This paper constructs a model to include demand response in the optimal power flow under wind power uncertainty. The model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear quadratic problem and evaluated through Monte-Carlo simulations. A large number of scenarios around a trajectory bid captures the uncertainty in wind power forecasting. The proposed integrated OPF model is tested on the standard IEEE 39-bus system.

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5

M, Lakshmi, and Ramesh Kumar A. "Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch using Crow Search Algorithm." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1423-1431.

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<p>The optimal reactive power dispatch is a kind of optimization problem that plays a very important role in the operation and control of the power system. This work presents a meta-heuristic based approach to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch problem. The proposed approach employs Crow Search algorithm to find the values for optimal setting of optimal reactive power dispatch control variables. The proposed way of approach is scrutinized and further being tested on the standard IEEE 30-bus, 57-bus and 118-bus test system with different objectives which includes the minimization of real power losses, total voltage deviation and also the enhancement of voltage stability. The simulation results procured thus indicates the supremacy of the proposed approach over the other approaches cited in the literature.</p>

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6

Peng, Lai. "Optimal Dispatch in Power Systems with Intermittent Power Sources." Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 09, no. 04 (2020): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/cweee.2020.94008.

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7

Wu, Q. H., and J. T. Ma. "Power system optimal reactive power dispatch using evolutionary programming." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 10, no. 3 (1995): 1243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.466531.

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8

Loriya, Vismay, and Vishnu Patel. "A Review on Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch." IJIREEICE 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2016): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijireeice.2016.4120.

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9

Preedavichit, Preecha, and S. C. Srivastava. "Optimal reactive power dispatch considering FACTS devices." Electric Power Systems Research 46, no. 3 (September 1998): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7796(98)00075-3.

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10

Bhongade, Sandeep, and Aakash Tomar. "Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Optimization Using STATCOM." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 102, no. 2 (February 12, 2021): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40031-021-00537-1.

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11

Hong, Peizhao, and Zhijun Qin. "Distributed Active Power Optimal Dispatching of Wind Farm Cluster Considering Wind Power Uncertainty." Energies 15, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072706.

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With the large-scale volatility and uncertainty of the centralized grid connection of wind power, the dimensionality disaster problem of wind farm cluster (WFC) scheduling optimization calculation becomes more and more significant. In view of these challenges, a distributed active power optimal dispatch model for WFC based on the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is proposed, and the analytical description of the distribution characteristics of the active power output of wind farms is introduced into the proposed model. Firstly, based on the wake effect, the Weibull distribution of wind speed is transformed by the impulse function to establish an analytical model of the active output distribution of the wind farm. Secondly, the optimization goal is to minimize the expected sum of the deviations of the dispatch instructions and the output probability density function of each wind farm, constructing a WFC active power optimal dispatch model considering uncertainty. Finally, the proposed model is decoupled in space and time into sub-optimization problems, and the ADMM is improved to construct an efficient solution algorithm that can iterate in parallel and decouple a large number of decision variables at the same time. The model is compared with other current classical models through the evaluation of multiple recommendation evaluation metrics, and the experimental results show that the model has a 3–7% reduction in dispatched power shortfalls and a 4–21% improvement in wind power utilization. The optimization algorithm for model construction has extremely high computational efficiency and good convergence. The results show that when the update step size is three, the convergence is the fastest, and when the update step size is six, the convergence is the slowest; in addition, when the number of wind farms is greater than eight, the distributed computing efficiency has an incomparable advantage over the centralized one. It plays a helpful role in wind power consumption and the efficient calculation of the power grid and effectively improves the reliability of the power grid.

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12

Wang, Zongjie, and C. Lindsay Anderson. "A Progressive Period Optimal Power Flow for Systems with High Penetration of Variable Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102815.

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Renewable energy sources including wind farms and solar sites, have been rapidly integrated within power systems for economic and environmental reasons. Unfortunately, many renewable energy sources suffer from variability and uncertainty, which may jeopardize security and stability of the power system. To face this challenge, it is necessary to develop new methods to manage increasing supply-side uncertainty within operational strategies. In modern power system operations, the optimal power flow (OPF) is essential to all stages of the system operational horizon; underlying both day-ahead scheduling and real-time dispatch decisions. The dispatch levels determined are then implemented for the duration of the dispatch interval, with the expectation that frequency response and balancing reserves are sufficient to manage intra-interval deviations. To achieve more accurate generation schedules and better reliability with increasing renewable resources, the OPF must be solved faster and with better accuracy within continuous time intervals, in both day-ahead scheduling and real-time dispatch. To this end, we formulate a multi-period dispatch framework, that is, progressive period optimal power flow (PPOPF), which builds on an interval optimal power flow (IOPF), which leverages median and endpoints on the interval to develop coherent coordinations between day-ahead and real-time period optimal power flow (POPF). Simulation case studies on a practical PEGASE 13,659-bus transmission system in Europe have demonstrated implementation of the proposed PPOPF within multi-stage power system operations, resulting in zero dispatch error and violation compared with traditional OPF.

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13

Shulzhenko, S. V. "Optimal generation dispatch with wind and solar curtailment." Problems of General Energy 2020, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2020.04.014.

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To solve the actual task of finding optimal generation mix and dispatch of thermal and nuclear power units, and hydro units of hydro pumped storages of Ukraine to cover day load power profile according to one of possible wind and solar generation curtailment mode the modification of mathematical MIP model is proposed. There are three modes of wind and solar generation curtailment revised in the article: 1) absolute maximum generation curtailment, 2) single for whole day decreased load factor, and 3) one per one hour decreased load factor. The possibility to allocate an exogenously determined level of frequency containment reserves (secondary reserves) on thermal power units is realized in the MIP model. The calculation’s results analysis shows that among revised wind and solar generation curtailment methods the method 2) is most appropriate in the short term because only administrative measures implementation is required, which could be put into force with appropriate legislation and does not require essential investments or implementation of complicated technical measures. The additional possible positive effect caused by the implementation of method 2) is it makes background for participation wind and solar generation in the ancillary services market and intraday balancing. In the middle term, the gradual implementation of method 3) is the most appropriate decision because a more stable power system balancing mode (minimum import/export amounts) could be provided. Moreover, extra nuclear power units and fewer coal thermal power units could be dispatched that is decreases hazard pollutions and carbon emission. The MIP model is written using MathProg language, a freeware version of AMPL. As a solver, the GNU GLPK program is used. The overall time for one calculation with standard table PC is about 30 seconds. MIP model could be used both for short-term power system optimal dispatch and for long-term national generation mix development studies under the growth rates of renewable installed capacities. Keywords: power system, daily load profile, robust decisions, mixed linear-integer problem, frequency containment reserve

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14

Kim, Kwang-Ki K. "Distributed Learning Algorithms and Lossless Convex Relaxation for Economic Dispatch with Transmission Losses and Capacity Limits." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (June 13, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9159851.

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This paper considers problems of economic dispatch in power networks that contain independent power generation units and loads. For efficient distributed economic dispatch, we present a mechanism of multiagent learning in which each agent corresponding to a generation unit updates the power generation based on the received information from the neighborhood. The convergence of the proposed distributed learning algorithm to the global optimal solution is analyzed. Another method of distributed economic dispatch we propose is a decentralized iterative linear projection method in which the necessary optimality conditions are solved without considering the generation capacities and the obtained solutions are iteratively projected onto the convex set corresponding to the generation capacities. A centralized method based on semidefinite programming for economic dispatch with a loss coefficient matrix is also presented for comparisons. For demonstration, the proposed methods of distributed economic dispatch are applied to a 6-generator test case and the three different methods of economic dispatch give the same solutions. We also analyze parametric dependence of the optimal power generation profiles on varying power demands in economic dispatch.

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15

Zhang, Yong Xi, Hong Ming Yang, Zhao Yang Dong, and Ming Yong Lai. "Stochastic Optimal Dispatch of Power System under Extreme Weather Disaster." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 1219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.1219.

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Several large scale failures of power system took place due to extreme weather disaster recent years, which aroused the consideration of power network security operation. Considering that the line failure events caused by natural disaster presented random characteristic, using Poisson distribution theory to depict the probability of line failure, a stochastic power system optimal dispatch model based on chance constraints theory was also proposed. We adopted the Differential Evolution algorithm to calculate the total loss based on Monte-Carlo simulation. The results of IEEE 9-bus case study imply that the dispatch model will give full consideration of weather effects, and provide a more reasonable dispatch plan for power system disaster prevention and reduction.

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16

Wang, Shuang, Hong Ming Yang, Shuang Zuo, Wen Jun Xu, and Bin Zhang. "Stochastic Optimal Dispatch of Power System with Multiple Wind Farms." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.414.

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Wind power at different locations may has a significant degree of correlation. A copula function, in this paper, is employed to characterize the Joint Probability Distribution (JPD) of wind power from multiple wind farms considering their correlation. Based on this, an optimal dispatch model of power system with multiple wind farms is proposed based on Chance Constrained Programming (CCP) to describe the randomness of wind power. And a new method named Sample Average Approximation (SAA) is used to transform the chance constrians in CCP. Finally the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to solve the dispatch model. Simulation results show the affectivity of this model and method, which will be highly useful for optimal dispatch of power system with multiple wind farms.

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17

Panthagani, Pradeep, and R. Srinivasa Rao. "Pareto-based allocations of multi-type flexible AC transmission system devices for optimal reactive power dispatch using Kinetic Gas Molecule Optimization algorithm." Measurement and Control 53, no. 1-2 (January 2020): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019866857.

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Optimal reactive power dispatch is one of the key factors to attain cost-effective and stable functioning of power system. It is a complicated non-linear optimization issue with a combination of discrete and continuous control variables. Due to this complex feature of optimal reactive power dispatch, optimization technique has become an efficient method to solve this problem. In this work, Kinetic Gas Molecule Optimization algorithm with Pareto optimality is proposed for solving multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch problem. The presentation of Kinetic Gas Molecule Optimization is improved by computing inertia weight and acceleration coefficients dynamically rather than a fixed value. Because of this reason, the searching capability of the particles in each iteration is improved. However, to improve the power system performance in optimal reactive power dispatch scenario, additional flexible AC transmission system devices like static VAR compensator, thyristor-controlled series compensator, and unified power flow controller are introduced to provide stable results when compared to conventional output because flexible AC transmission system devices are capable of controlling the flow of real power and reactive power. These details are implemented and tested on IEEE 30-bus test system with various objectives. The performance of proposed method is validated from MATLAB, which shows the value of power loss as 4.3583 and voltage deviation as 0.26499 with cost of US$469.6417 per MVAR, which shows considerably superior results when compared with implemented particle swarm optimization results. The proposed method provides an efficient result for solving multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch issues.

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18

Anyaka, Boniface O., J. Felix Manirakiza, Kenneth C. Chike, and Prince A. Okoro. "Optimal unit commitment of a power plant using particle swarm optimization approach." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i2.pp1135-1141.

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Economic load dispatch among generating units is very important for any power plant. In this work, the economic load dispatch was made at Egbin Thermal Power plant supplying a total load of 600MW using six generating units. In carrying out this study, transmission losses were assumed to be included into the load supplied. Also three different combinations in the form of 6, 5 and 4 units commitment were considered. In each case, the total load was optimally dispatched between committed generating units using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Similarly, the generation cost for each generating unit was determined. For case 1, the six generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,100,685.069$/h. For case 2, five generators were committed and the generation cost is 2,520,861.947$/h. For case 3, four generators were committed and the generation cost is 3,150,621.685$/h. From all considered cases, it was found that, the minimum generation cost was achieved when all six generating units were committed and a total of 420,178.878$/h was saved.

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19

Cheng, Tingli, Minyou Chen, Yingxiang Wang, Bo Li, Muhammad Arshad Shehzad Hassan, Tao Chen, and Ruilin Xu. "Adaptive Robust Method for Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch Incorporating Renewable Energy and Energy Storage." Complexity 2018 (June 26, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2517987.

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In association with the development of intermittent renewable energy generation (REG), dynamic multiobjective dispatch faces more challenges for power system operation due to significant REG uncertainty. To tackle the problems, a day-ahead, optimal dispatch problem incorporating energy storage (ES) is formulated and solved based on a robust multiobjective optimization method. In the proposed model, dynamic multistage ES and generator dispatch patterns are optimized to reduce the cost and emissions. Specifically, strong constraints of the charging/discharging behaviors of the ES in the space-time domain are considered to prolong its lifetime. Additionally, an adaptive robust model based on minimax multiobjective optimization is formulated to find optimal dispatch solutions adapted to uncertain REG changes. Moreover, an effective optimization algorithm, namely, the hybrid multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization and Teaching Learning Based Optimization (PSO-TLBO), is employed to seek an optimal Pareto front of the proposed dispatch model. This approach has been tested on power system integrated with wind power and ES. Numerical results reveal that the robust multiobjective dispatch model successfully meets the demands of obtaining solutions when wind power uncertainty is considered. Meanwhile, the comparison results demonstrate the competitive performance of the PSO-TLBO method in solving the proposed dispatch problems.

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20

Henao-Muñoz, Andrés, Andrés Saavedra-Montes, and Carlos Ramos-Paja. "Optimal Power Dispatch of Small-Scale Standalone Microgrid Located in Colombian Territory." Energies 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2018): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071877.

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An optimal power dispatch of a small-scale standalone microgrid for remote area power supply in Colombian territory is proposed in this paper. The power dispatch is generated by an energy management system based on a mixed-integer linear programming, which minimizes the cost of operating the microgrid while fulfilling the technical constraints of its elements. The energy management system solves an optimization problem using the algebraic representation of the generators and its constraints. Basic steady-state models of the generators are selected to solve the optimization problem. The small-scale microgrid is considered for a remote area power supply in Taroa, a small settlement in La Guajira, Colombia. The microgrid is composed of photovoltaic modules, a wind generator, a diesel generator, a battery bank, and residential loads. To validate the solution, the elements of the microgrids are parameterized with information from commercial equipment. Moreover, the power dispatch obtained with the proposed solution is compared with a power dispatch generated by a heuristic algorithm, which has been previously used to dispatch power in a small-scale standalone microgrid. Results show that the cost of operating the microgrid is minimized using the proposed optimization approach: a reduction of the operating cost equal to 25.5% of the cost imposed by the heuristic algorithm is obtained.

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21

Xingli and Ning. "Multi-Agent Consensus Algorithm-Based Optimal Power Dispatch for Islanded Multi-Microgrids." Processes 7, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100679.

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Islanded multi-microgrids formed by interconnections of microgrids will be conducive to the improvement of system economic efficiency and supply reliability. Due to the lack of support from a main grid, the requirement of real-time power balance of the islanded multi-microgrid is relatively high. In order to solve real-time dispatch problems in an island multi-microgrid system, a real-time cooperative power dispatch framework is proposed by using the multi-agent consensus algorithm. On this basis, a regulation cost model for the microgrid is developed. Then a consensus algorithm of power dispatch is designed by selecting the regulation cost of each microgrid as the consensus variable to make all microgrids share the power unbalance, thus reducing the total regulation cost. Simulation results show that the proposed consensus algorithm can effectively solve the real-time power dispatch problem for islanded multi-microgrids.

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22

Zhu, Xin Chao, and Hong Bin Wu. "Research on Optimal Allocation of Microgrid System Based on Two Layers of Coordinated Dispatch." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.819.

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In the process of the optimal allocation of microgrid system, two layers of coordinated dispatch strategies has been used in this paper. In the first layer, diesel generators and batteries are coordinated dispatched each other. The diesel generators begin to work before state of charge (SOC) of batteries reaches the lower limit. In the second layer, the power of batteries and super capacitors are distributed based on the dynamic characteristics of the hybrid energy storage system. Based on the coordinated dispatch strategies, the optimization models of DGs in microgrid system are constructed which considers the comprehensive cost of system as the optimization objective function and adopts the reliability indexes as the constraints. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the objective function. With the example system, it verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the models, the algorithm and the coordinated dispatch strategies.

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23

Rosli, Hazwani Mohd, Syahirah Abd Halim, Lilik Jamilatul Awalin, and Seri Mastura Mustaza. "Economic-emission load dispatch for power system operation using enhanced sunflower optimization." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i1.pp1-10.

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Conventional thermal power plant uses limited sources of gas, fuel or coal which contributes to the rise of air pollution. Thus, it is crucial to efficiently use the natural sources and minimize the emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. This paper presents an optimal economic dispatch considering three factors which are cost of generation, loss of power transmission and amount of emission for an efficient operation of power generation. Enhanced sunflower optimization (ESFO) algorithm is applied to determine the solution for three different cases: economic load dispatch, emission load dispatch and economic-emission load dispatch. The optimal solution based on the minimum generation cost and emission is obtained for the IEEE 6-unit test system using MATLAB software

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24

Sun, Yi, Xue Liang Huang, Zhong Chen, Hao Qiang, and Qi Dong Zhang. "Multiple Time-Scale Collaborative Optimal Dispatch Methods for Electric Vehicles and Wind Power." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 958–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.958.

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Renewable energy, especially wind power has the characteristic of fluctuation. Improving its capacity integrated into grid is a difficult task. Electric vehicle which has few greenhouse gas emissions is developing rapidly. But it will be noneffective to reduce greenhouse gas emission if using traditional energy to charge electric vehicles. Taking into account the synergies between electric vehicle and wind power, the multiple time-scale optimal dispatch methods were proposed based on traditional day-ahead generation schedule. The effects of optimal dispatch on reducing abandoned wind power, leveling power plants output were studied in IEEE 24-bus system. It is concluded that with large amounts of EVs connected into grid, the multiple time-scale optimal dispatch methods for electric vehicles and wind power contribute to realizing clean charge and improving wind power utilization.

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25

Xu, D., and L. Kang. "Optimal Dispatch of Unreliable Electric Grid-Connected Diesel Generator-Battery Power Systems." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 16, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2014-0130.

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Abstract Diesel generator (DG)-battery power systems are often adopted by telecom operators, especially in semi-urban and rural areas of developing countries. Unreliable electric grids (UEG), which have frequent and lengthy outages, are peculiar to these regions. DG-UEG-battery power system is an important kind of hybrid power system. System dispatch is one of the key factors to hybrid power system integration. In this paper, the system dispatch of a DG-UEG-lead acid battery power system is studied with the UEG of relatively ample electricity in Central African Republic (CAR) and UEG of poor electricity in Congo Republic (CR). The mathematical models of the power system and the UEG are studied for completing the system operation simulation program. The net present cost (NPC) of the power system is the main evaluation index. The state of charge (SOC) set points and battery bank charging current are the optimization variables. For the UEG in CAR, the optimal dispatch solution is SOC start and stop points 0.4 and 0.5 that belong to the Micro-Cycling strategy and charging current 0.1 C. For the UEG in CR, the optimal dispatch solution is of 0.1 and 0.8 that belongs to the Cycle-Charging strategy and 0.1 C. Charging current 0.1 C is suitable for both grid scenarios compared to 0.2 C. It makes the dispatch strategy design easier in commercial practices that there are a few very good candidate dispatch solutions with system NPC values close to that of the optimal solution for both UEG scenarios in CAR and CR.

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Chen, Chunlong, Xueshan Han, and Wenbo Li. "Combined Heat and Power Optimal Dispatch Considering Wind Power Uncertainty." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1187, no. 2 (April 2019): 022047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1187/2/022047.

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27

Zhang, Li Xiao, Wen Tan, and Xiao Bin Huang. "Optimized Load Distributed of Power Plant Units Based on Branch and Bound Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 239-240 (December 2012): 1565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.239-240.1565.

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Power consumption is increasing significantly with the rapid economic development. In order to improve the competitiveness of thermal power plants, the problem of units' optimal load dispatch becomes a hot topic of the research about reducing coal consumption. The branch and bound method is presented to solve the problem based on a load dispatch model with velocity constraint in this paper. Branch can create the conditions for the optimal solution of unit load distribution, bound can improve the search efficiency of the optimal solution [1]. Through the computational Simulation, it proves the method described in the paper has the higher convergence speed and can be better applied to the problem of units' optimal load dispatch.

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28

Leon, Luis M., Arturo S. Bretas, and Sergio Rivera. "Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming Formulation of Contingency Constrained Optimal Power Flow with Photovoltaic Generation." Energies 13, no. 13 (June 28, 2020): 3310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133310.

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Contingency Constrained Optimal Power Flow (CCOPF) differs from traditional Optimal Power Flow (OPF) because its generation dispatch is planned to work with state variables between constraint limits, considering a specific contingency. When it is not desired to have changes in the power dispatch after the contingency occurs, the CCOPF is studied with a preventive perspective, whereas when the contingency occurs and the power dispatch needs to change to operate the system between limits in the post-contingency state, the problem is studied with a corrective perspective. As current power system software tools mainly focus on the traditional OPF problem, having the means to solve CCOPF will benefit power systems planning and operation. This paper presents a Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming (QCQP) formulation built within the matpower environment as a solution strategy to the preventive CCOPF. Moreover, an extended OPF model that forces the network to meet all constraints under contingency is proposed as a strategy to find the power dispatch solution for the corrective CCOPF. Validation is made on the IEEE 14-bus test system including photovoltaic generation in one simulation case. It was found that in the QCQP formulation, the power dispatch calculated barely differs in both pre- and post-contingency scenarios while in the OPF extended power network, node voltage values in both pre- and post-contingency scenarios are equal in spite of having different power dispatch for each scenario. This suggests that both the QCQP and the extended OPF formulations proposed, could be implemented in power system software tools in order to solve CCOPF problems from a preventive or corrective perspective.

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冯, 其芝. "Summary on Optimal Dispatch of Virtual Power Plant." Journal of Electrical Engineering 02, no. 02 (2014): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jee.2014.22005.

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30

Dennis Barley, C., and C. Byron Winn. "Optimal dispatch strategy in remote hybrid power systems." Solar Energy 58, no. 4-6 (October 1996): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-092x(96)00087-4.

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31

Carvalho, M. F., S. Soares, and T. Ohishi. "Optimal active power dispatch by network flow approach." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 3, no. 4 (1988): 1640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.192975.

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32

Shaheen, Abdullah M., Ragab A. El-Sehiemy, and Sobhy M. Farrag. "Optimal reactive power dispatch using backtracking search algorithm." Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 13, no. 3 (July 2, 2016): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1448837x.2017.1325134.

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33

Chaohua Dai, Weirong Chen, Yunfang Zhu, and Xuexia Zhang. "Seeker Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 24, no. 3 (August 2009): 1218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2009.2021226.

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34

Mugemanyi, Sylvere, Zhaoyang Qu, Francois Xavier Rugema, Yunchang Dong, Christophe Bananeza, and Lei Wang. "Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Using Chaotic Bat Algorithm." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 65830–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982988.

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35

Abaci, Kadir, and Volkan Yamaçli. "Optimal reactive-power dispatch using differential search algorithm." Electrical Engineering 99, no. 1 (August 24, 2016): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00202-016-0410-5.

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36

Varadarajan, M., and K. S. Swarup. "Differential evolution approach for optimal reactive power dispatch." Applied Soft Computing 8, no. 4 (September 2008): 1549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2007.12.002.

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37

Ela, A. A. Abou El, M. A. Abido, and S. R. Spea. "Differential evolution algorithm for optimal reactive power dispatch." Electric Power Systems Research 81, no. 2 (February 2011): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.10.005.

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38

Chiang, Chao-Lung. "Optimal economic emission dispatch of hydrothermal power systems." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 29, no. 6 (July 2007): 462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2006.11.004.

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39

Varadarajan, M., and K. S. Swarup. "Differential evolutionary algorithm for optimal reactive power dispatch." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 30, no. 8 (October 2008): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2008.03.003.

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40

Noorpi, N. S., Y. L. Lee, A. H. Hana, Melaty Amirruddin, and M. M. Nurhakimah. "Power Line Losses of Energy for Power System with Micro-Grid Implementation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.75.

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Micro-grid system is an integrated energy system as it consists of distributed energy resources (DERs) and multiple electrical loads operating in parallel or islanded grid. The primary objective of this project is to examine whether Micro-grid implementation can reduce the cost of energy. It can be determined through the modelling bus bar system; 26-Bus Test System. This application can be divided into three aspects which are modelling, simulation and analysis. The power system analysis was conducted under two conditions, steady state condition and contingencies condition using two different methods which are optimal power flow and economic dispatch. Newton-Raphson algorithm was introduced during the power flow analysis. The optimal power flow and economic dispatch for total generation cost was obtained through PowerWorld software simulation.

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41

Zhou, Xiaojun, Jianpeng Long, Chongchong Xu, and Guanbo Jia. "An External Archive-Based Constrained State Transition Algorithm for Optimal Power Dispatch." Complexity 2019 (January 3, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4727168.

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This paper proposes an external archive-based constrained state transition algorithm (EA-CSTA) with a preference trade-off strategy for solving the power dispatch optimization problem in the electrochemical process of zinc (EPZ). The optimal power dispatch problem aims to obtain the optimal current density schedule to minimize the cost of power consumption with some rigorous technology and production constraints. The current density of each production equipment in different power stages is restricted by technology and production requirements. In addition, electricity price and current density are considered comprehensively to influence the cost of power consumption. In the process of optimization, technology and production restrictions are difficult to be satisfied, which are modeled as nonconvex equality constraints in the power dispatch optimization problem. Moreover, multiple production equipment and different power supply stages increase the amount of decision variables. In order to solve this problem, an external archive-based constrained state transition algorithm (EA-CSTA) is proposed. The external archive strategy is adopted for maintaining the diversity of solutions to increase the probability of finding the optima of power dispatch optimization problem. Moreover, a preference trade-off strategy is designed to improve the global search performance of EA-CSTA, and the translation transformation in state transition algorithm is modified to improve the local search ability of EA-CSTA. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the proposed method is more efficient compared with other approaches in previous papers for the optimal power dispatch. Furthermore, the proposed method significantly reduces the cost of power consumption, which not only guides the production process of zinc electrolysis but also alleviates the pressure of the power grid load.

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42

F. Aswan, N., M. N. Abdullah, and A. H. Abu Bakar. "A review of combined economic emission dispatch for optimal power dispatch with renewable energy." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i1.pp33-40.

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This paper provides comprehensive review of recent formulation and solution of combined economic emission dispatch problem considering renewable energy. Generally, power dispatch plays an important role in power generation system that mainly depends on the fossil fuels. Rapid depletion of these sources cause a limitation and increase the fuel price. At the same time, the poisonous gases emit by the thermal generator causes a long term environmental pollution. An extensive researches have been conducted for last few decades by considering Renewable Energy (RE) in power generation system as an alternative source. Therefore, Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) of thermal and renewable energy resources currently formulated in power dispatch problem. The optimization methods that commonly used to solve the CEED problem are categorized as traditional method, non-conventional method and hybrid method. It can be concluded that non-conventional and hybrid method have great and superior solution for solving multiobjective economic emission dispatch problem. The recent research related to CEED with RE are summarized in terms of methods, test cases, conditions, types of RE and constraints. Thus, it can be useful references for the research in this area.

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43

Tsekouras, George J., Fotios D. Kanellos, and Michalis Kontosoros. "Sensitivity Analysis of Optimal Power Dispatch for All-Electric Ship." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 16 (March 16, 2021): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2021.16.3.

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Shipping industry is reforming and changing fast, as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) works towards air pollution prevention and ship-owners pursue more efficient operation of their ships. Formerly, propulsion and electric load dispatch in ship power system is implemented proportionally with respect to nominal power of prime movers and generators respectively. Additionally, integrated full electric propulsion, optimal real-time dispatch to ship generators and the integration of new systems, such as energy storage systems, shaft generators etc. could have gained a wider application. In this paper the optimal dispatch for ship power system based on Lagrange method is presented comparing the classic and all-electric ship design. The developed method is applied to an ten years old Ro-Ro (roll on / roll off) passenger ship and an analytical sensitivity analysis is occurred out with respect not only to technical characteristics of the ship, such as fuel kind, propulsion chain factors, but also voyage characteristics, such as ship speed, route length etc.

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44

Wang, Shuang, Hong Ming Yang, Shuang Zuo, and Wen Jun Xu. "Optimal Dispatch of Power System with Stochastic Wind Generation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.783.

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Large-scale wind power incorporated into power grid brings new challenges to optimal dispatch of power system. Especially, wind power at different locations may has a significant degree of correlation. A copula function was used to characterize the Joint Probability Distribution (JPD) of wind power from multiple wind farms considering their correlation. An optimal dispatch model based on Chance Constrained Programming (CCP) for power system with multiple wind farms was set up. And Sample Average Approximation (SAA) was proposed to transform the chance constrains. Finally Genetic Algorithm (GA) was employed to solve the optimal model. Simulation results indicate that copula function can well express the correlation of wind power from multiple wind farms and SAA has been a dramatic increase and improvement on the search of solution.

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45

Zhang, Ning, Nien-Che Yang, and Jian-Hong Liu. "Optimal Time-of-Use Electricity Price for a Microgrid System Considering Profit of Power Company and Demand Users." Energies 14, no. 19 (October 4, 2021): 6333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196333.

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With high proportions of renewable energy generation in power systems, the power system dispatch with renewable energy generation has currently become a popular research direction. In our study, we propose a multi-objective dispatch model for a hybrid microgrid comprising a wind generator, photovoltaic (PV) generator, and an energy storage system to optimize the time-of-use (TOU) electricity price. The objective of the proposed multi-objective dispatch model is to maximize the profit of the power company and demand users, and minimize the proportion of users abandoning PV power and wind power. The elastic price of the load demand with a linear function is employed to optimize the TOU electricity price. Finally, we applied five test cases to validate the practicability of the multi-objective dispatch model.

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46

Gao, Ren, Juebo Wu, Wen Hu, and Yun Zhang. "An Improved ABC Algorithm for Energy Management of Microgrid." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 13, no. 4 (July 25, 2018): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2018.4.3143.

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Microgrids are an ideal way of electricity generation, distribution, and regulation for customers by means of distributed energy resources on the community level. However, due to the randomness of photovoltaic and wind power generation, it is a crucial and difficult problem to achieve optimal economic dispatch in microgrids. In this paper, we present an optimal economic dispatch solution for a microgrid by the improved artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization, with the aim of satisfying load and balance demand while minimizing the cost of power generation and gas emission. Firstly, we construct a mathematical model according to different characteristics of distributed generation units and loads, and improve the performance of global convergence for ABC in order to fit such model. Secondly, we explore how to solve the optimal economic dispatch problem by the improved ABC and give the essential steps. Thirdly, we carry out several simulations and the results illustrate the benefits and effectiveness of the proposed approach for optimal economic dispatch in microgrid.

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47

O, Dsnmra, and Dr Niranjan Kumar. "Optimal Placement of DG for Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Using PSO Algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.24 (November 27, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.24.21874.

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In the safety and economic point of view, Reactive Power is the most problematic thing during the operation of the electrical network. Reactive Power supply completion has nonlinear, equality and inequality constraints. Proposed work is carried out, to find the solution for reactive power supply issue, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) process as well as MATPOWER 5.1 implement package are developed in this process. PSO is an excellent optimization technique that is also having effective finding ability. One of the best assets of PSO is that its capacity is fewer sensitive than complication of the independent function. MAT POWER 5.1 is an undeveloped basis MATLAB implement package, concentrating the power flow issues findings. Suggested technique diminishes active power damage in the conventional power system and decides the optimum location of a newly setup Distributed Generator (DG). The IEEE 14bus arrangement is utilized to find the performance and test outcomes shown the perfectness of the recommended method.

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48

Wang, Weiyuan, Fei Dou, Jinmin Cheng, Wei Hu, Zhendong Wan, and Yiqing Xu. "Continuous-time projected gradient algorithm based optimal dispatch of distributed generators." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/983/1/012011.

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Abstract Traditional dispatch or control method will suffer great difficulty with large scale integration of plug-and-play distributed generators in the power systems. The distributed control method can mitigate the burden of the power systems with distributed generation. In this paper, a continuous-time projection gradient algorithm based optimal dispatch method is proposed to improve the effectiveness of distributed control method for distributed generation. The proposed method does not rely on the known total load of the power system and the artificial initial value of state variables which are used widely in the consensus-based control methods, but only the projection operator is used to constrain the output of the distributed power supply, which can automatically run to the optimal point of the economic dispatch, thus significantly improving the practicability of distributed control method. Case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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49

Ma, Kuichao, Jiangsheng Zhu, Mohsen Soltani, Amin Hajizadeh, and Zhe Chen. "Optimal Power Dispatch of an Offshore Wind Farm under Generator Fault." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061184.

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For offshore wind farms, the power loss caused by the wake effect is large due to the large capacity of the wind turbine. At the same time, the operating environment of the offshore wind farm is very harsh, and the cost of maintenance is higher than that of the onshore wind farm. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study through reasonable control how to reduce the wake loss of the wind farm and minimize the losses caused by the fault. In this paper, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the active power dispatch of wind farms under generator cooling system faults. The optimization objectives include avoiding the further deterioration of the generator fault, reducing unnecessary power loss of the faulty wind turbine, tracking the power demand from the Transmission System Operator (TSO), and reducing the power fluctuation caused by the PSO algorithm. The proposed optimal power dispatch strategy was compared with the two generally-used fault-handling methods and the proportional dispatch strategy in simulation. The result shows that the proposed strategy can improve the power generation capacity of the wind farm and achieve an efficient trade-off between power generation and fault protection.

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50

Feng, Jiawei, Junyou Yang, Haixin Wang, Huichao Ji, Martin Onyeka Okoye, Jia Cui, Weichun Ge, Bo Hu, and Gang Wang. "Optimal Dispatch of High-Penetration Renewable Energy Integrated Power System Based on Flexible Resources." Energies 13, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133456.

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The volatility and uncertainty of high-penetration renewable energy (RE) challenge the stability of the power system. To tackle this challenge, an optimal dispatch of high-penetration RE based on flexible resources (FRs) is proposed to enhance the ability of the power system to cope with uncertain disturbances. Firstly, the flexibility of a high-penetration RE integrated power system is analyzed. The flexibility margin of power supply and flexible adaptability of RE are then introduced as the evaluation indices for optimal operation. Finally, a multi-objective optimal dispatch model for power system flexibility enhancement based on FRs under the constraint of flexibility indices is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed optimal dispatch can effectively enhance the flexibility of the power system and the penetration of RE and reduce pollutant emissions. Compared with the conventional method, the daily average emissions of CO2, SO2, and NOx with the proposed method are reduced by about 83,600 kg, 870 kg, and 370 kg, respectively, the maximum allowable volatility of net load is increased by 7.63%, and the average volatility of net load is reduced by 2.67%.

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