Статті в журналах: "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Java Applet Technology for Design Interference Optical Coating." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 2 (June 12, 2011): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.8.2.495-502.

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Java is a high-level , third generation programming language were introduced Javaoptics Open Source Physics (OSP) as a new simulation for design one of the most important interference optical coating called antireflection coating. It is recent developments in deign thin-film coatings. (OSP) shows multiple beam interferences from a parallel dielectric thin film and the evolution of reflection factors. It is simple to use and efficiently also can serve educational purposes. The obtained results have been compared with needle method

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2

AL-gaffar, Alaa Nazar Abd. "Java Applet Technology for Design Interference Optical Coating." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 2 (June 12, 2011): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2011.8.2.495-502.

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Java is a high-level , third generation programming language were introduced Javaoptics Open Source Physics (OSP) as a new simulation for design one of the most important interference optical coating called antireflection coating. It is recent developments in deign thin-film coatings. (OSP) shows multiple beam interferences from a parallel dielectric thin film and the evolution of reflection factors. It is simple to use and efficiently also can serve educational purposes. The obtained results have been compared with needle method

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3

Sotsky, A. B., and E. A. Chudakov. "Reciprocity relations for interference coatings." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series 59, no. 2 (July 6, 2023): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-2430-2023-59-2-158-167.

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By analyzing the wave equations, the coincidence of the energy reflection and transmission coefficients for the s- and p-polarization waves is herein substantiated when they are incident on the interference coating from opposite directions. The coating can be characterized by an arbitrary spatial profile of the refractive index, the limiting condition is the absence of optical losses in it. Reciprocity relations are obtained for the energy reflection and transmission coefficients of natural light for a structure in the form of a plane-parallel dielectric plate with interference coatings on its opposite sides. It is shown that when a structure with an absorbing plate is illuminated in opposite directions, the energy reflection coefficients can differ, while the energy transmission coefficients always coincide. Reciprocity relations are applied to the calculation of broadband antireflective interference coatings consisting of alternate layers Nb2O5 and SiO2 deposited on a polycarbonate plate. As a result, their correctness is confirmed and it is shown that the optimized antireflection two-sided interference coating provides approximately a five times lower averaged energy reflection coefficient compared to the optimized one-sided coating.

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4

Yudin, Nikolay, Mikhail Zinovev, Vladimir Kuznetsov, Maxim Kulesh, Sergey Podzyvalov, Elena Slyunko, Hussein Baalbaki, Alexey Lysenko, Andrey Kalsin, and Akmal Gabdrakhmanov. "Development of a dichroic mirror based on Nb₂O₅/SiO₂ for LiDAR systems." BIO Web of Conferences 145 (2024): 04045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414504045.

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This work focuses on designing a dichroic mirror for a LiDAR system. An approach for selecting materials for interference optical coatings was established. Based on this approach, Nb2O5 and SiO2were chosen as coating materials. An interference coating design composed of alternating Nb2O5 and SiO2 layers on a quartz glass substrate was modeled for the LiDAR system. A dichroic mirror was fabricated according to the calculated design. The interference coating consisted of 26 layers with a maximum thickness of 600 nm, resulting in a total coating thickness of 10140 nm. The fabricated dichroic mirror exhibits reflection coefficients of R ≤ 99.6% and R ≤ 0.4% for the spectral ranges of 1950-2100 nm and 2200-2300 nm, respectively.

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5

Bärtschi, Manuel, Daniel Schachtler, Silvia Schwyn-Thöny, Thomas Südmeyer, and Roelene Botha. "Investigation of the influence of plasma source power on the properties of magnetron sputtered Ta₂O₅ thin films." EPJ Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125503005.

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To enable the production of sophisticated optical interference coating designs, coatings with very low absorption and stray light losses and excellent layer thickness deposition accuracy are required. The selection and optimization of suitable coating materials and deposition processes are consequently essential. This study investigated the influence of the plasma source power on the optical properties, layer uniformity and stress, scattered light behavior and optical losses of magnetron sputtered Ta2O5 thin films.

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6

Wei, David T. "Ion beam interference coating for ultralow optical loss." Applied Optics 28, no. 14 (July 15, 1989): 2813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.002813.

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7

Lee, Cheng-Chung, Kai Wu, and Meng-Yen Ho. "Reflection coefficient monitoring for optical interference coating depositions." Optics Letters 38, no. 8 (April 12, 2013): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.001325.

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YUDIN, N. N., M. M. ZINOVIEV, S. N. PODZYVALOV, V. S. KUZNETSOV, E. S. SLYUNKO, A. SH GABDRAKHMANOV, A. B. LYSENKO, and A. YU KALSIN. "MID-IR ANTIREFLECTIVE INTERFERENCE OXIDE COATINGS FOR SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL SUBSTRATES." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika 67, no. 5 (2024): 15–19. https://doi.org/10.17223/00213411/67/5/2.

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The dispersions of the refractive index and absorption coefficient were determined for monolayers of titanium oxide and silicon oxide. The design of a multilayer antireflective optical coating for these materials in the spectral range of 0.4-8 microns has been developed. Modes for applying coating using ion-beam sputtering onto a semiconductor substrate have been selected. The optical characteristics of a four-layer interference antireflective coating on a ZGP substrate were measured in the ranges of 2097 nm and 3.5-5 μm with residual reflections of R ≤ 0.2% and R ≤ 2.1%, respectively. Tests were carried out for adhesion and abrasion of the coating in accordance with GOST.

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9

Yudin, N. N., O. L. Antipov, A. I. Gribenyukov, V. V. Dyomin, M. M. Zinoviev, S. N. Podzivalov, E. S. Slyunko, et al. "Influence of line-by-line processing technology on the optical breakthreshold of a ZnGeP2 single crystal." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 11 (2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/64/11/102.

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The threshold of optical breakdown of a ZnGeP2 single crystal manufactured by LOK LLC, Russia, was determined, which was W0d =1.8 J / cm2, and the threshold of optical breakdown of a crystal manufactured by Harbin Institute of Technology, China, was also measured, which was W0d =2.1 J/cm2 (at a wavelength of 2,097 microns of laser radiation and a pulse repetition frequency of 10 kHz with a pulse duration of 35 ns).The effect of post-processing of ZnGeP2 single crystals (polishing of working surfaces )is investigated, application of antireflection interference coatings) to the threshold of optical breakdown of the surface of these crystals. It is established that the presence of silicon conglomerates in the interference antireflection coating leads to a decrease in the optical breakdown threshold.

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10

Tay, Justin C.-K., Basil T. Wong, and Kok Hing Chong. "The impact of anti-reflective coating and optical bandpass interference filter on solar cell electrical-thermal performance." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 15, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 7807–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.15.1.2021.16.0616.

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Solar cells utilize only the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate electricity. A great reduction in the temperature of a solar cell resulting from filtering infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths will eventually lead to an increase in efficiency. Here, a detailed analysis of the use of an optical bandpass interference filter with antireflective coating as a potential solution to this problem has been carried out. The optical bandpass filter aims to filter out unwanted wavelengths while the antireflective coating functions to reduce the amount of light reflected from the solar panel surface. A simulation program using SolidWorks (Flow Simulation Study) has been performed to demonstrate the effect of utilizing optical bandpass interference filter with antireflective coating on solar panel and the temperature of each cell layer. The thermal analysis results obtained from SolidWorks were then exported to MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the electrical output parameters. Results showed that optical bandpass interference filter combined with antireflective coating could reduce the temperature of the solar cell by 11.83 Kelvin which led to 14.32% increase in the maximum output power within an hour of exposure to peak solar radiation located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

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Kruschwitz, Jennifer D. T., Vladimir Pervak, Jason Keck, Ilya Bolshakov, Zachary Gerig, Fabien Lemarchand, Kageyuki Sato, et al. "Optical interference coating design contest 2016: a dispersive mirror and coating uniformity challenge." Applied Optics 56, no. 4 (December 16, 2016): C151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.00c151.

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12

Watanabe, Ryosuke, Yohei Eguchi, Takuya Yamada, and Yoji Saito. "Optical Properties of Spin-Coated TiO2Antireflection Films on Textured Single-Crystalline Silicon Substrates." International Journal of Photoenergy 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/147836.

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Antireflection coating (ARC) prepared by a wet process is beneficial for low cost fabrication of photovoltaic cells. In this study, we investigated optical properties and morphologies of spin-coated TiO2ARCs on alkaline textured single-crystalline silicon wafers. Reflectance spectra of the spin-coated ARCs on alkaline textured silicon wafers exhibit no interferences and low reflectance values in the entire visible range. We modeled the structures of the spin-coated films for ray tracing numerical calculation and compared numerically calculated reflectance spectra with the experimental results. This is the first report to clarify the novel optical properties experimentally and theoretically. Optical properties of the spin-coated ARCs without interference are due to the fractional nonuniformity of the thickness of the spin-coated ARCs that cancels out the interference of the incident light.

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13

Phan, Nguyen Nhue. "MEASURING OPTICAL COATING THICKNESS USING A SINGLE SHOT WHITE LIGHT INTERFERENCE PATTERN." Journal of Science and Technique 14, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56651/lqdtu.jst.v14.n03.440.

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In this paper, we propose another technique for measuring thin film thickness using white light interference. It is based on analyzing only one fringe image taken at coating’s edge region and intentionally inclined sample. The zero-order white fringe positions and fringe frequency are determined by a digital image processing and a function fitting. The thin film thickness is calculated from the obtained data. Our simulated and experimental results on a home-made Mirau-type white light interference microscope have demonstrated the high accuracy and reliability of this method. The measurement results of the different thickness optical coatings showed a good agreement to those measured with ellipsometer and alpha step meter. The simplicity of the experimental set-up, vibration insensitivity and fast measuring speed are the other significant advantages of the proposed technique.

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14

Myslivets, A. S., P. A. Rozel, and E. A. Khakhlov. "IN-LINE SPUTTERING COATER OF HYDROPHOBIC ANTIREFLECTION COATING FOR SENSOR DISPLAYS." Doklady BGUIR, no. 7 (125) (December 7, 2019): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2019-125-7-74-80.

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The aim of the work is to develop vacuum technological equipment for deposition an interference antireflection coating with the evaporation of a hydrophobic protective layer in a single vacuum cycle. To deposition an interference antireflection coating, the method of magnetron reactive sputtering in the alternating current mode with a frequency of 20 kHz is used. This method allows using of a wide range of sputtered materials and obtains stable and high-quality coatings on various substrates. To determine the optical characteristics, a spectrophotometer was used, which evaluated the transmittance and reflection in the visible region of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. To check the physical characteristics of the hydrophobic coating, abrasion test of the coating with metal wool with a load of 1 kg/cm2 was used. The novelty of the presented method is the combination of the liquid-phase coating method together with physical deposition in a vacuum without interrupting the process. This method allows increasing productivity and yield of suitable parts since the number of operations at the multi-stage stage of production of the touch display is reduced. After the development and adjustment of the Aurora G5 linear vacuum equipment, a stable and reproducible process for producing hydrophobic anti-reflective coatings over large areas with high performance was obtained. An antireflection coating was obtained with an average reflection coefficient of less than 0.6 % in the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm. The adhesion test showed grade 0 according to the ISO classification. The resulting coatings have high hardness >9 H and abrasion resistance >5000 cycles. The result of this development and research is the introduction of vacuum processing equipment in the manufacturing process for the manufacture of anti-reflective hydrophobic coatings on touch displays.

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Gao Xiaodan, 高晓丹, 彭建坤 Peng Jiankun, and 吕大娟 Lv Dajuan. "Optical fiber temperature sensor based on Fabry-Perot coating interference." Infrared and Laser Engineering 47, no. 1 (2018): 122002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla201847.0122002.

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16

Gao, Xiaodan, Minghong Yang, Jiankun Peng, and Dajuan Lv. "Miniature fiber-optic temperature sensor based on optical coating interference." Optik 130 (February 2017): 1014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.11.114.

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Bembenek, Michał, Mykola Makoviichuk, Ivan Shatskyi, Liubomyr Ropyak, Igor Pritula, Leonid Gryn, and Volodymyr Belyakovskyi. "Optical and Mechanical Properties of Layered Infrared Interference Filters." Sensors 22, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 8105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218105.

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The design and manufacturing technology of interference-absorbing short-wave filters based on a layered composition of Si–SiO on a sapphire substrate of various shapes was developed. A transition layer of SiO was applied to the surface of the substrate, alternating with layers of Si–SiO with an odd number of quarter-wave layers of materials with high (Si) and low refractive indices (SiO), and the application of an outer layer of SiO as an appropriate control of the materials’ thickness. The optical properties of the infrared light filter were studied. It was established that the created design of the light filter provides the minimum light transmission in the visible region of the spectrum from 0.38 to 0.78 µm and the maximum in the near infrared region from 1.25 to 5 µm and has stable optical indicators. A method for studying the stress–strain state and strength of a multilayer coating of a light filter under the action of a local arbitrarily oriented load was developed. For simplicity in the analysis and for obtaining results in the analytical form, the one-dimensional model of the configuration “multilayer covering—firm substrate” constructed earlier by authors was used. From a mechanical point of view, the upper protective layer of the multilayer coating was modeled by a flexible plate, and the inner operational composite N-layer was subjected to Winkler’s hypothesis about the proportionality of stresses and elastic displacements.

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Zinoviev, Mikhail, Nikolai Nikolayevich Yudin, Sergey Podzvalov, Elena Slyunko, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Yudin, Maksim Kulesh, Igor Dorofeev, and Houssain Baalbaki. "Optical AR Coatings of the Mid-IR Band for ZnGeP2 Single Crystals Based on ZnS and Oxide Aluminum." Crystals 12, no. 8 (August 19, 2022): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12081169.

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In this work, the parameters of antireflection interference coatings based on alternating layers of ZnS/Al2O3 on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of ZGP crystals under the action of Ho:YAG laser radiation at a wavelength of 2.097 μm were determined. The coating deposition was carried out using the ion-beam sputtering method. The LIDT of the sample with a coating based on alternating layers ZnS and Al2O3 was equal to WoE = 3.45 J/cm2, and the LIDT of the uncoated sample was equal to WoE = 2.23 J/cm2. An increase in the optical breakdown threshold by ~55% was observed after the deposition of an AR coating based on ZnS and Al2O3 materials. An assumption was made about the absence of local fluctuations in the composition and mechanical stresses in the case of the coated sample, namely that this leads to good adhesion of the multilayer coating to the polished surface of the crystal, and as a result to an increase in the optical breakdown threshold as compared to the uncoated sample due to closure of the dangling chemical bonds and bulk defects emerging on the polished surface.

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Sankar, Karthika, Rahna Manoharan, Safna Saif, and T. Priya Rose. "An optimum design of one dimensional photonic crystal for solar cell applications." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1219, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1219/1/012047.

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Abstract Efficient anti reflection (AR) coatings and back reflectors are crucial components for the better performance of a solar cell. Hence perfect designing of the same is very important. We propose the design of both these structures based on a multilayer dielectric system, a one dimensional photonic crystal, with maximum efficiency on the basis of optical interference transfer matrix theory. Optical parameters were optimized and transmission and reflection spectra were obtained using transfer matrix formulation via a personal computer using MATLAB program. Theoretical analysis has shown that a triple layer AR coating and a DBR based back reflector effectively enhance the efficiency of a solar cell.

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20

Zain, Muhamad Fairul Izwan bin Mat, and Nor Ain Binti Husein. "Multimode interference self-imaging optical fiber sensor based on sol-gel silica for methane detection." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2432, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2432/1/012014.

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Abstract We reported a multimode interference (MMI) sensor based on single mode fiber-no core fiber-single mode fiber (SMF-NCF-SMF) structure incorporated with silica sol-gel nanostructure for detection of methane. Due to the core mismatch between SMF and NCF, a number of higher order modes was excited at the NCF region and recoupled back to the fundamental mode of SMF lead-out which resulted in multimode interference self-imaging. Deposition of silica sol-gel nanostructure formed the hybrid waveguide whose optical property changes according to the surrounding perturbation. The effect of silica coating upon its thickness was clearly demonstrated which can enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. As the concentration of methane varies, the effective refractive index of the waveguide also changes, hence introducing the resonant dip shifts in the transmission spectrum. The sensitivity achieved was 7.92 nm/% for 8-layers of coating, 5.47 nm/% 4-layers of coating, and 0.5 nm/% for uncoated sensor. In addition, the proposed sensor also exhibits good linear response within 0 - 0.175 % of methane concentration while the test of reproducibility confirmed the sensing stability of the sensor.

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21

Her, Shiuh Chuan, and Chang Yu Tsai. "Strain Transfer From the Host Structure to Optical Fiber Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 2419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.2419.

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Optical fiber sensors with light weight, small dimension and immunity to electromagnetic interference are considered as a superior structural health monitoring device. It is well known that the strain transfer from the host structure to the optical fiber sensor is dependent on the bonding characteristics such as adhesive layer, protective coating and host material. In this investigation, a theoretical model with three concentric cylinders represented optical fiber, protective coating, and host material, respectively, is proposed to determine the strain in the optical fiber sensor induced by the host structure. The theoretical predictions are validated with the numerical analysis using the finite element method. The effect of host material on the strain transferred is presented through a parametric study.

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22

Volochko, A. T., V. A. Zelenin, E. O. Narushko, A. V. Skilandz, and G. V. Markov. "MODEL OF TRANSMISSION OF MULTILAYER COATINGS BASED ON THE Cu-ZrO2 SYSTEM IN THE OPTICAL WAVELENGTH RANGE." Doklady BGUIR, no. 6 (October 3, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2019-124-6-87-94.

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The transmission model for optical diapason was developed for multilayer coatings consisting of alternating layers of copper and zirconium dioxide deposited on K8 glass substrates. The model is based on the laws of light interference. It was shown that the transmission in the optical range of a 60 nm thick Cu layer with a surface resistance ρ = 1 Ohm/sq is 4–5 %, and the transmission of the ZrO2/Cu/ZrO2/Cu/К8 coating obtained by dividing a 60 nm thick copper layer into two sublayers at 30 nm with the application of antireflection layers of ZrO2 on them, at ρ = 1.2 Ohm/sq it reaches 25 %. The thicknesses and the number of layers of the Cu-ZrO2 system were calculated, which ensure a transmission in the wavelength range of 400–700 nm of at least 45 %. The permissible thickness of Cu layers (≥ 20 nm) was determined, below which, due to their insular structure and partial oxidation with the formation of Cu2O, the electrical conductivity of the multilayer coating sharply decreases (ρ ≥ 100 Ohm/sq).

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23

Her, Shiuh Chuan, and Bo Ren Yao. "Stress Analysis of Composite Material Embedded with Optical Fiber Sensor Subjected to In-Plane Shear." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.137.

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Optical fiber sensor with small size, light weight and immunity to electromagnetic interference can be embedded and integrated into the host material to form an ideally smart structure system. One must recognize that optical fibers are foreign entities to the host structure, therefore will induce high stress state in the vicinity of the embedded sensor irrespective of the small size of the fiber. To address this concern, present paper focuses the attention on constituent interaction between the optical fiber, coating, matrix and host material. An analytical model to predict the stress fields in the vicinity of the embedded optical fiber is presented. The theoretical development is based on the four concentric cylinders model which represents the optical fiber, protective coating, matrix and host material, respectively. The host material is considered to be a composite with reinforced fiber parallel to the optical fiber. In this investigation, the host structure is subjected to in-plane shear loading. The effects of the coating and host material on the stress distribution in the vicinity of the embedded optical fiber are presented through a parametric study.

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Katunin, A., O. Kolomiitsev, V. Pustovarov, and R. Oliinyk. "POSSIBILITIES OF USING OPTICAL RADIATION DIFFRACTION MANAGEMENT METHODS ON REFLECTIVE COATINGS OF ARMAMENT AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT FOR ITS PROTECTION AGAINST AMMUNITION WITH SEMI-ACTIVE LASER GUIDANCE SYSTEMS." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2023): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.15.2023.08.

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The article substantiates the need to improve the existent methods of combat defense and combat equipment (DAM) against bombs (guided combat munitions from UAVs, stray combat munitions, etc.)with semi-active laser targeting systems (LSA) on the basis of controlled reflective coatings. Methods of management the diffraction of optical radiation on reflecting coatings are based on applications in coating materials. At the same time, the reflecting properties can be purposefully changed by applying acousto-optical, electro-optical and thermos-optical effects. The acousto-optic method of diffraction control involves the spatial modulation of the beating coefficient in the medium, which is carried out by ultrasonic (acoustic) waves. During the distribution of ultrasound in the reflective coverage (areas of compression and discharge of the material of the waves distribution) appears in the reflective coverage. A purposeful change of descriptions of the acoustic wave leads to the possibility of forming the reflecting phase grating with a given parameter on which it will diffract a radiation. The electro-optical method of management the diffraction of laser radiation is based on the phenomenon of induced anisotropy of media under the influence of a field (electro-optical effect). However, the creation of reflective diffractive elements (coatings)using the electro-optical effect is limited by a number of disadvantages of this method. The thermo-optical method of management light diffraction consists in changing the optical constants of reflective coatings under the influence of temperature. On the basis of the multilayer interference systems (MLIS) with tapes, peak and phase diffraction gratings can be implemented. The use of MLIS coatings with ribbons in the display allows you to implement the functions of selecting and unlocking coatings in the infrared range. The last two methods are of the greatest practical interest since, unlike, the electron-beam method they allow heating a fairly large surface area of the coating. The implementation of diffraction control of optical radiation on the reflective coatings of DAM samples will allow to remove the ammunition control system with semi-active LSA from the working state as a result of the aiming point fluctuation.

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Nagar, Malhar A., Giovanni Mingoia, and Davide Janner. "Elastomeric-coated FBGs for point-of-care diagnostics." EPJ Web of Conferences 309 (2024): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202430904007.

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This study deploys the application of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in physiological pressure monitoring by integrating an elastomeric, biocompatible coating ranging from 300-500μm, designed to improve sensor functionality for in-vivo pressure monitoring applications. FBGs are favored for their sensitivity, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and compact size, making them ideal for embedding within medical devices such as catheters and guidewires. However, their use has been limited by low inherent pressure sensitivity (3.14 pm/MPa) and the impracticality of thicker coatings described in previous studies. Our approach demonstrates that this unique coating not only boosts the pressure sensitivity significantly—surpassing 1.63 orders of magnitude (43.10 times)—but also enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal. These advancements enable potential applications in high-resolution manometry, gastrointestinal pressure monitoring, intracranial and intracoronary blood pressure measurements, marking a significant step forward in medical diagnostics and monitoring.

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Yu Qiang, 于强, 张琛 Zhang Chen, 何周 He Zhou, and 李绪友 Li Xuyou. "Influence of Coating Adhesive on Thermal Stress Interference Birefringence of Optical Fiber Coil." Chinese Journal of Lasers 38, no. 2 (2011): 0205007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201138.0205007.

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27

Blank, Alexandra, Gabriel Guendelman, and Yoav Linzon. "Vapor Sensing with Polymer Coated Straight Optical Fiber Microtapers Based on Index Sensitive Interference Spectroscopy of Surface Stress Birefringence." Sensors 20, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092675.

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Optical microfiber tapers provide an advantageous platform for sensing in aqueous and gas environments. We study experimentally the photonic transmission in optical fiber tapers coated with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), a polymeric material widely used in optical applications. We demonstrate a durable and simple humidity sensing approach incorporating tapered microfibers attached to silicon (Si) substrate coated with active polymer layer. A model is described for the load stress effect on the birefringence giving rise to interferences in the transmission spectra, strongly dependent on the coating layer thickness, and disappearing following its slow uniform removal. The sensing approach is based on characterization of the interference patterns observed in the transmission spectra of the taper in the NIR range. The device demonstrated persistent detection capability in humid environment and a linear response followed by saturation to calibration analytes. In each analyte of interest, we define principal components and observe unique calibration plot regimes in the principal component space, demonstrating vapor sensing using polymer coated microtapers.

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Qu, Wenwen, Yanxia Chen, Chaoqun Ma, Donghong Peng, Xuanyao Bai, Jiaxin Zhao, Shuangqiang Liu, and Le Luo. "Application of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology and Coating Technology in Blood Component Detection and Monitoring." Coatings 14, no. 2 (January 30, 2024): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020173.

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Анотація:

The advantages of optical fiber sensors include their miniaturization, strong anti-interference ability, high sensitivity, low cost, and fast response speed. They can be used for in situ detection in harsh environments, making them suitable for a wide range of applications such as blood detection and monitoring. This technology holds great potential for medical diagnosis and health monitoring, opening up new possibilities in the field. Coating technology plays a crucial role in enhancing the sensitivity and stability of optical fiber sensors, ultimately improving their measurement accuracy and reliability. This manuscript expounds the application status and progression of optical fiber sensors in the determination of blood glucose concentrations, blood pH, diverse proteins in blood, and physical properties of blood. The principle of optical fiber sensors and the application of coating technology for detecting varying targets are scrutinized in detail, with particular emphasis on the advantages and limitations of distinct design schemes. The adept amalgamation of optical fiber sensing technology and coating technology amplifies the adaptability of optical fiber sensors in diverse practical scenarios, thereby presenting novel instruments and methodologies for researchers in pertinent fields to augment their advancement and development.

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Zinchenko, V. F., I. R. Magunov, O. V. Mozgova, G. V. Nechyporenko, and I. V. Stoianova. "Interaction Studying in System GeO - B2O3 by Spectroscopic Methods." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 19, no. 2 (May 3, 2019): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.19.2.163-170.

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Because of X-ray amorphous character of GeO and B2O3 for study of interaction between them methods of IR transmission spectroscopy and spectroscopy of diffuse reflectance are applied. Essential change of positionand intensity of bands of absorption in system GeO-B2O3 (H3BO3) at heating and thermal evaporation in vacuum is established. It is observed essential gypsochromic shift of short-wave border and bathochromic shift of long wave border of domain of an optical transparency of a coating compared with initial GeO that testifies in favour of change of the nature of a material. A coating from Germanium (ІІ) oxide exhibits high optical and operational parameters and are perspective for interference optics of an IR range of a spectrum.

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Clark, Richard, Valluri Rao, and David Vallett. "Roadmaps: Advanced Fault Isolation Techniques." EDFA Technical Articles 1, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.1999-3.p006.

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Abstract Technologies relatively new to failure analysis, like time-correlated photon counting, electro-optical probing, antireflective (AR) coating, Schlieren microscopy, and superconducting quantum interference (SQUID) devices are being leveraged to create faster, more powerful tools to meet increasingly difficult challenges in failure analysis. This article reviews recent advances and research in fault isolation and circuit repair.

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31

AL-Assadi, Zainab I., Fawzia Asadi, and Ban M. Alameri. "Eliminate obstacles of use the solar systems as buildings facades using multilayers optical interference filters." Technium Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 3, no. 8 (October 2, 2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v3i8.4829.

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The Building design in a correct way and totalitarian requires integration of using solar energy technologies in the architectural design stage of the roofs and facades as the most appropriate places to obtain solar energy because it greatly affects the architectural aesthetic. This integration has to be taken into account at the design stage, which leads to effective and attractive solutions. Architecture needs the energy to complete its functions to increases human effectiveness and ability to do its tasks better, solar energy is the main factor of providing the necessary energy due to its abundance as well as being clean energy and does not cause polluting emissions to the environment. To provide a comfortable indoor environment for the occupants, Solar Thermal Collectors (STC) and Photovoltaics Cells (PV) used, which convert solar energy into thermal energy and electrical energy, respectively. The main problem of this study is concerning with the problems of the black color, visible tubes, metallic strip gradients (absorption strip), and welding points of the solar systems which gives the facades of the buildings an undesirable view and weakens the aesthetic aspect of the buildings and limits the abilities of architects to use because of their black color and undesirable aspect. The aim of this study is a design of optical interference filter (multilayer coatings) prepared by RF magnetron sputtering as a solution to the problem of black color, visible tubes, metallic strip gradients (absorption strip), and welding points in solar thermal collectors and photovoltaic cells, which are the main reasons for not using solar systems as building facades, this technique works to increase the efficiency of the solar systems and increase the amount of clean energy generated, also enhancing the expressive and aesthetic aspect of facades of buildings. In the NIR region this filter works as an anti-reflective coating. Also the coating includes a high color reflection at a certain wavelength in the VIS region to give the solar system an aesthetic feature, which is used as building facades by using appropriate dielectric substances with high and low reflective indexes likes SiO2 and MgF2 respectively. The results of the study showed that the increase in the number of layers will lead to an increase in the visible reflectivity peak, while near of infrared region remains an anti-reflective with a high Transmission of solar rays, thus increasing solar systems efficiency.

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32

Voronko, Andriy, Denys Novikov, Dmytro Verbitskiy, Oleksandr Voloshyn, and Oleksii Belkevych. "ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF INTERFERENCE COATINGS FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF NARROWBAND OPTICAL FILTERS." Bulletin of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. Series Instrument Making, no. 68(2) (December 26, 2024): 18–23. https://doi.org/10.20535/1970.68(2).2024.318177.

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To monitor the parameters of semiconductor layers deposited from solid solutions of A3B5 compounds during the epitaxy, optical control methods are used. The choice of optical monitoring methods is determined by the reactor design, which requires non-contact, fast, and precise measuring of wafer surface parameters. During the growth of epitaxial layers, the deposition of semiconductor compounds causes changes in the optical parameters of the wafer surface. To ensure precise measurements, it is essential to monitor these parameters within a narrow spectral range. In electro-optical monitoring systems, narrowband interference filters are used to select the desired spectrum. However, this type of filters is sensitive to several factors, such as environmental conditions, aging of the coating, and the angle of incidence. As a result, the manufacturing of narrowband optical filters with stable and precisely controlled optical characteristics presents a complex challenge. This article analyzes the impact of various factors on the optical characteristics of interference coatings. Quantitative analysis of these shows that shift of the selected spectral band with central wavelength λmax can approach or even exceed the full width at half maximum (FWHM). These changes in the optical characteristics of narrowband filters lead to a decrease in the accuracy required for optical monitoring during epitaxial processes, which leads to inaccuracies in measurements. The results of this analysis will guide the optimization of thin-film structures used in narrowband optical filters. The study of the shift in the selected band also enables, within certain limits, controlled changes to λmax or the compensation of its shift its shift during regular factor variations. Ultimately, it enables to take these changes into account when designing electro-optical systems for monitoring the epitaxial growth of semiconductor heterostructures, which increases the accuracy and stability of optical measurements in the required accuracy range.

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Hedl, Elizabeth, Ivana Fabijanić, Iva Šrut Rakić, Ivan Vadla, and Jordi Sancho-Parramon. "Fabrication by Spin-Coating and Optical Characterization of Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Thin Films." Coatings 11, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091015.

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The optical characteristics of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) thin films obtained by spin-coating of polymer blend in tetrahydrofuran were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry, spectrophotometry, and atomic force microscopy. Film thickness can be broadly varied by changing the polymer concentration.The film thickness dependence on PSAN concentration shows a non-linear behavior that can be explained by a concentration-dependent viscosity. According to previously proposed models, prepared solutions are close to the concentrated solution regime. Films show a broad transparency range and refractive index independent of film thickness. The refractive index values range from 1.55 to 1.6 in the visible range. Thermal treatment revealed good stability of the films up to 220 °C and a progressive deterioration for larger temperatures, with evident damage at 300 °C. UV-induced photodegradation was observed and results showed a progressive decrease of transmittance in the range between 200 and 300 nm but PSAN thin films show no changes when exposed to light from a solar illuminator. These investigations indicate that PSAN is an excellent candidate for thin film polymer-based optical uses like interference coatings or encapsulation of solar cells.

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Her, Shiuh Chuan, and Bo Ren Yao. "Stress Analysis of Composite Material Embedded with Optical Fiber Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.59.

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Fiber optic sensor with small size, light weight and immunity to electromagnetic interference can be embedded and integrated into the host material to form a smart structure system. One must recognize that optical fibers are foreign entities to the host structure, therefore will alter the stress state in the vicinity of the embedded sensor irrespective of the small size of the fiber. This is a result of the material and geometric discontinuity introduced by the embedded optical fiber. In this study, the local stress fields in the vicinity of the embedded fiber are examined. The host material is considered to be a composite with reinforced fiber parallel to the optical fiber. The geometry in the vicinity of the embedded fiber is modeled by four concentric cylinders which represent the optical fiber, protective coating, resin and host material, respectively. In this investigation, the host structure is subjected to longitudinal normal stress and transverse hydro-static stress. The effects of the coating and host material on the stress distribution in the vicinity of the embedded optical fiber are presented through a parametric study.

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35

Her, Shiuh Chuan, and Chang Yu Tsai. "Strain Analysis of an Embedded Optical Fiber Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.279.

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Optical fiber sensors with light weight, small dimension and immunity to electromagnetic interference are widely used in structural health monitoring device. In this investigation, a theoretical model of the strain transferred from the host material to the embedded optical fiber is developed to reveal the differential strains between the optical fiber sensor and host material. The theoretical predictions are validated with the numerical analysis using the finite element method. The percentage of strain in the host material actually transferred to the optical fiber is dependent on the bonding characteristics such as adhesive layer, protective coating and host material. Parametric study shows that the larger of the host material the more strain is transferred to the optical fiber.

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36

Liu, Quan, Jian Hong Wu, Ling Ling Fang, and Chao Ming Li. "Fabrication of Phase Mask for Optical Fiber Grating." Key Engineering Materials 364-366 (December 2007): 719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.364-366.719.

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A fused silica phase mask with the period of 1069nm, and ruled area 50×50mm2 has been fabricated by a new technique, which combines holographic-ion beam etching and reactive ion beam etching. This involves several steps: coating of substrates with controlled thickness of photoresist, formation of a grating mask by holograph interference exposure and development, and finally transferring etching of this mask into the fused silica substrate to form a permanent phase mask. Experimental measurements have shown that the zero order diffraction efficiency is less than 4% and the plus and minus first-order diffraction efficiency is more than 35%. Theoretical analysis has shown that these phase masks can be used for fabricating UV written Fiber Bragg Gratings.

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37

Hung, Fei Shuo. "Medical Building Materials of Structural Properties and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding in the Quartz Crystal Plane Coated Ni Based Thin Film." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.67.

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Medical use quartz components for electromagnetic shielding materials research topics very rarely, therefore, intend to systematic development of coated quartz glass materials. The considerations for against electromagnetic waves (Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, EMI), one conductive coating film is required. The anti-high-frequency electromagnetic waves also need magnetic coating film. The thin film is translucent with a poor crystallinity, must be heat-treated to have good crystallization and conductivity, and therefore finds the feasible of Ni-based coating and interface effects also have the academic importance. This program is to deposit Ni-based thin film on different quartz planes (Ni/SiO2), and explores the effect of heat treatment on the structure. That contains crystalline characteristics (doping concentration: the Ni-base matrix doping Fe, 10at%~ 50at.%), optical properties and electrical conductivity. Finally, the electromagnetic shielding effect (EMI) of the coating structure is assessed. So, the application data for the characteristics of interface layer and anti-electromagnetic (EMI) properties are obtained. building materials extended to the health care system materials systems. The results show that Sn-40Al-xNi film increased the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding after annealed. For the Sn-40Al-10Ni films with higher Ni atomic concentration, the low frequency EMI shielding could be improved. For the sputtering films the annealed treatment not only had higher electric conductivity but also increased the high frequency EMI shielding.

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38

Guo, F., and P. L. Wong. "A multi-beam intensity-based approach for lubricant film measurements in non-conformal contacts." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 216, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/135065002760364822.

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Studies of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) frequently utilize the phenomenon of optical interference which is exhibited when an illuminated steel ball is in contact with a partially Cr-coated glass disc in conjunction with a lubricant layer of known refractive index. The use of the steel and chromium surfaces enables lubricants having similar refractive indices to glass to be examined. The EHL contact is composed of two microscopically thin layers: the Cr coating and the lubricant film, bounded by the glass disc and the steel ball. That the two-beam interference method frequently used in optical EHL research may induce significant errors in the measurement of film thickness is reported in this paper. A theoretical analysis which includes consideration of the effects of both multi-beam interference and optical absorption within the Cr film and the steel surface is presented. The analysis is used to devise a multi-beam intensity-based test technique which has been validated for a wide range of lubricant film thickness measurements at a resolution of 1 nm and offers a practical minimum detectable film thickness as thin as 1 nm.

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39

Irawan, Dedi, Saktioto, Azhar, Dwi Hanto, and Bambang Widiyatmoko. "Investigation of Transmission and Reflection of Single Mode Fiber Bragg Grating." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2024): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i6.7209.

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The use of Single Mode Fiber Bragg Grating (SMFBG) has been increasing in recent years due to its compact size, low cost, fast response and immunity to electromagnetic interference. It is commonly integrated into medical devices for long-distance light transmission and collection due to its high flexibility, low propagation loss, compatibility and tolerance to electromagnetic interference. SMFBG is a device made of thin glass material that is used as a medium for transmitting information in the form of light signals sourced from lasers or LEDs from one location to another. It consists of 3 main components, namely core with a certain grating, blanket (cladding) and jacket (coating). The advantage of optical fiber is that the data when transmitted is converted into light so as to reduce the risk of data damage. Other advantages include very small size, minimal interference with electromagnetic waves, resistance to temperature changes, attenuation when the transmission process is small enough, and large enough bandwidth. The orientation of this literature review is to understand the concept of optical fiber, the concept of reflection and refraction, and how light propagates in optical fiber.

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Malik, M. Z. A., M. T. Zainuddin, A. M. Abdullah, and A. Isnin. "Optical and Structural Properties of Multi Deposition Film Derived SiO₂-TiO₂ Systems by Sol-Gel Process." Advanced Materials Research 31 (November 2007): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.31.101.

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SiO2-TiO2 systems were extensively investigated in sol-gel process to fabricate passive optical planar waveguides, channel waveguides, interference filters and weather resistant optical memory discs. A high quality, crack free optical thick layer and low processing cost are key success factor for optical applications. Two formulated SiO2-TiO2 systems with 1% and 10% TiO2 were deposited on 20mm x 20mm Si-wafer using multi-spin coating process was investigated on refractive index (n), build-up layer until crack appeared on film. The structure analysis of multi spin was investigated using FTIR. The value of refractive index (n) and thickness of thin films (d) were taken every deposited layer using spectroscopic reflectance and surface morphology of crack thick film by FESEM. SiO2-TiO2 thin film appeared peak ~950cm-1 associated with the Si-O stretching vibrations of Si-OH and Si-O-Ti groups by multi spin coating processes. SiO2-TiO2 system with 10% TiO2 in siloxane structure was found capable on building thick layer up to 2.4 μm at 17 time cycles spins and heat treatments at 680 oC. The value of n was reduced with increasing of number of cycles and believes to form nanoporous zones between interfacial layers during hydrolysis and condensation process of each layer by multi spin coating process.

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41

Lü, Shaobo, Ruisheng Wang, Jing Ma, Chao Jiang, Jiali Mu, Shuaifeng Zhao, and Xiaojun Yin. "Design and manufacture of super-multilayer optical filters based on PARMS technology." Advanced Optical Technologies 7, no. 1-2 (April 25, 2018): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2017-0075.

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AbstractThree multilayer interference optical filters, including a UV band-pass, a VIS dual-band-pass and a notch filter, were designed by using Ta2O5, Nb2O5, Al2O3and SiO2as high- and low-index materials. During the design of the coating process, a hybrid optical monitoring and RATE-controlled layer thickness control scheme was adopted. The coating process was simulated by using the optical monitoring system (OMS) Simulator, and the simulation result indicated that the layer thickness can be controlled within an error of less than ±0.1%. The three filters were manufactured on a plasma-assisted reactive magnetic sputtering (PARMS) coating machine. The measurements indicate that for the UV band-pass filter, the peak transmittance is higher than 95% and the blocking density is better than OD6 in the 300–1100 nm region, whereas for the dual-band-pass filter, the center wavelength positioning accuracy of the two passbands are less than ±2 nm, the peak transmittance is higher than 95% and blocking density is better than OD6 in the 300–950 nm region. Finally, for the notch filter, the minimum transmittance rates are >90% and >94% in the visible and near infrared, respectively, and the blocking density is better than OD5.5 at 808 nm.

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Sargent, Robert B., and Nada A. O'Brien. "Dielectric Materials for Thin-Film-Based Optical Communications Filters." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 5 (May 2003): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.103.

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AbstractExplosive growth in the fiber-optic telecommunications infrastructure during the past decade has driven noteworthy advances in thin-film-based optical interference filter technology. In particular, the widespread deployment of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), a means of increasing the communication capacity of an optical fiber by utilizing more than one wavelength of light, has motivated significant improvements in bandpass filter performance. A common requirement is for filters that combine or separate wavelengths spaced 100 GHz (0.8 nm) apart. The foundation for these recent breakthroughs has been laid by the development of optical coating technology over the past century. This article reviews the materials and processes used in the production of thin-film-based optical communications filters.

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Feng, Li Li, Yun Tao Wang, Chi Ruan, and Sheng Tao. "Road Vehicle Information Collection System Based on Distributed Fiber Optics Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2105.

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A novel distributed fiber optics sensor used for road vehicle information collection system was proposed. Optical fiber was fixed on the road surface to be used as the sensing media. The vehicle information such as speed, vehicle type, vehicle weight and traffic flow can be obtained. To increase the sensitivity of such sensor, an optical Fabry-Perot (F-P) fiber interference was used. Sensing optical fiber was designed to be with a metal coating for fiber protection and high performance. Experiment results show that such distributed fiber optics sensor may be with a high performance in transportation area without digging when it is installed on the road surface.

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Poluektova, Natalia А., Daria А. Shishkina, Alexander N. Bazanov, Roman A. Perebalin, Ivan A. Shishkin, and Natalya V. Latukhina. "Investigation of electrical properties of photosensitive structures of reduced dimension based on silicon." Physics of Wave Processes and Radio Systems 25, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18469/1810-3189.2022.25.3.16-23.

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In this paper, we propose a method for reducing the energy loss of photosensitive structures based on nanocrystalline silicon using passivating coatings of dysprosium fluoride. Since this material has good optical and photoelectric properties, when preparing Si/DyF3 structures, the dielectric film makes it possible to reduce the number of recombination centers and increase light absorption. Methods for creating and studying photosensitive structures with coatings are shown. A technique for determining the thickness of a dysprosium fluoride coating due to light interference is described. The results of studying the photosensitivity spectra and the reflectance of the obtained photosensitive structures are presented. The positive effect of silicon nanostructures, as well as dysprosium fluoride films on the photosensitivity spectra of the structures, is shown. With the help of the data obtained, it is planned to improve the existing technology for creating photosensitive structures based on porous silicon in order to increase their output characteristics.

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Yang, Zhen, Xinmin Guo, Songtao Lu, Yong Zhang, Haili Hu, Kaichang Lu, and Jianlong Zhang. "Investigation of Stray Radiation Suppression in Infrared Imaging System Using a Novel Broadband and High-Absorption Ceramic Coating." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114952.

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Aiming at addressing the vulnerability of the infrared imaging opto-mechanical system to stray radiation interference caused by an external laser, a new method with a broadband and high-absorptivity ceramic coating on the inner wall of the system is proposed to reduce the stray radiation intensity, which is helpful to improve the imaging quality of the detection image. Based on plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technology, the preparation method and properties of a novel ceramic coating are studied, and a long-wave infrared imaging optical system with high-absorption ceramic coating is designed and developed. It is verified for the first time that the high-absorption ceramic coating can suppress the stray radiation in the infrared opto-mechanical system, and the effect of laser incident power and angle on the stray radiation is investigated. The experimental results show that the ceramic coating can achieve 95.4% high absorption in the wavelength range of 0.2–16 μm, which can obviously suppress the stray radiation in the opto-mechanical system of infrared imaging caused by laser. The calculation of the stray radiation suppression ratio shows that, compared with the case without coating, the stray radiation intensity in the system can be reduced by 70% using the ceramic coating.

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Zykov, Aleksandr, Vladimir Vavilov, and Marina Kuimova. "Photothermocapillary Method for the Nondestructive Testing of Solid Materials and Thin Coatings." Sensors 21, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 6671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196671.

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The photothermocapillary (PTC) effect is a deformation of the free surface of a thin liquid layer on a solid material that is caused by the dependence of the coefficient of surface tension on temperature. The PTC effect is highly sensitive to variations in the thermal conductivity of solids, and this is the basis for PTC techniques in the non-destructive testing of solid non-porous materials. These techniques analyze thermal conductivity and detect subsurface defects, evaluate the thickness of thin varnish-and-paint coatings (VPC), and detect air-filled voids between coatings and metal substrates. In this study, the PTC effect was excited by a “pumped” Helium-Neon laser, which provided the monochromatic light source that is required to produce optical interference patterns. The light of a small-diameter laser beam was reflected from a liquid surface, which was contoured by liquid capillary action and variations in the surface tension. A typical contour produces an interference pattern of concentric rings with a bright and wide outer ring. The minimal or maximal diameter of this pattern was designated as the PTC response. The PTC technique was evaluated to monitor the thickness of VPCs on thermally conductive solid materials. The same PTC technique has been used to measure the thickness of air-filled delaminations between a metal substrate and a coating.

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Nie, Liang, Jun Han, and Xu Jiang. "Improving Image Contrast of Fiber Point Diffraction Interferometer." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.693.

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To measure spherical surface with high precision, an advanced fiber point diffraction interferometer (FPDI) is introduced in this paper. Based on the system principle, the factors that affect the interference image contrast are put forward and analyzed, such as fiber optical properties, interferogram background and intensity match of two beams. Then the optimization method is proposed. The single-mode fiber with core diameter 3λ is selected and the dispersion between modes is removed. The short coherence length laser is designed with a semiconductor solid-state laser and meets the need of FPDI. By coating film on the fiber end face, the light use ratio is improved significantly. Finally, the fiber point diffraction interferometer system is set up in experiment and the interference fringes are obtained. The result shows that the FPDI can achieve interference patterns with high contrast after optimization and the system has reached a relatively high accuracy.

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Wang, Tianyi, Peiyao Shi, Dingsan Luo, Jun Guo, Hui Liu, Jinyun Yuan, Haiqun Jin, et al. "A Convenient All-Cell Optical Imaging Method Compatible with Serial SEM for Brain Mapping." Brain Sciences 13, no. 5 (April 24, 2023): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050711.

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The mammalian brain, with its complexity and intricacy, poses significant challenges for researchers aiming to understand its inner workings. Optical multilayer interference tomography (OMLIT) is a novel, promising imaging technique that enables the mapping and reconstruction of mesoscale all-cell brain atlases and is seamlessly compatible with tape-based serial scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microscale mapping in the same tissue. However, currently, OMLIT suffers from imperfect coatings, leading to background noise and image contamination. In this study, we introduced a new imaging configuration using carbon spraying to eliminate the tape-coating step, resulting in reduced noise and enhanced imaging quality. We demonstrated the improved imaging quality and validated its applicability through a correlative light–electron imaging workflow. Our method successfully reconstructed all cells and vasculature within a large OMLIT dataset, enabling basic morphological classification and analysis. We also show that this approach can perform effectively on thicker sections, extending its applicability to sub-micron scale slices, saving sample preparation and imaging time, and increasing imaging throughput. Consequently, this method emerges as a promising candidate for high-speed, high-throughput brain tissue reconstruction and analysis. Our findings open new avenues for exploring the structure and function of the brain using OMLIT images.

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Zinchenko, V. F., I. R. Magunov, O. V. Mozkova, O. V. Sviridova, and T. Truglas. "Amorphous nano-structured coatings prepared from CVD-composites." Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp12.04.301.

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The main idea of the work is the development of a cheap and easy method for the manufacture of nanostructured systems based on the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Beginning with a new class of materials for interference optics in the infrared (IR) range of the spectrum, the evaporation of composites of systems germanium-metal chalcogenide (oxide), in particular, of the Ge-ZnS and Ge-Sb2Se3 systems was studied. They evaporate in vacuum congruently, and upon condensation on substrates form nano-structured thin-film coatings. In the first of these systems, the coating has an X-ray amorphous nature: the formation of a nano-dispersed composite in a Ge-ZnS film is confirmed by the absence of characteristic peaks of Ge and ZnS in X-ray diffraction patterns, but the formation of a characteristic halo takes place. At the same time, upon evaporation and condensation of a sample of the Ge-Sb2Se3 system, a glassy structure is formed; this is confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where no crystalline regions were found. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy measurements of the coating (about 10 at.% of Ge, 40 at.% of Sb and Se, respectively) indicate a certain deviation from the stoichiometry compared to the initial sample of the system. This may indicate a slightly lower volatility of germanium selenides compared to antimony selenides. The EDX line scans along the cross-section of the coating exhibited strong fluctuations in the concentration of elements, and, consequently, the heterogeneity of the coating in terms of composition. Both coatings have high mechanical strength (group 0). At the same time, their optical properties differ significantly: the refractive indices are 3.00 and 3.66 for the Ge-ZnS and Ge-Sb2Se3 systems, respectively. It is believed that nano-structuring in the above systems is due to the high capability of germanium to amorphize upon condensation on a glass substrate.

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Poddar, Arpita, Suneela Pyreddy, Francesco Carraro, Sudip Dhakal, Andrea Rassell, Matthew R. Field, T. Srinivasa Reddy, Paolo Falcaro, Cara M. Doherty, and Ravi Shukla. "ZIF-C for targeted RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 based gene editing in prostate cancer." Chemical Communications 56, no. 98 (2020): 15406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc06241c.

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Metal–organic-frameworks for gene therapy in prostate cancer – ZIF-C based delivery of RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 causes host gene expression knockdown. Coating with a green tea phytochemical enhances uptake and increases cancer cytotoxicity.

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