Дисертації: "Ontological system"

1

Knöös, Franzén Ludvig. "An Ontological and Reasoning Approach to System of Systems." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fluida och mekatroniska system, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175766.

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System-of-Systems (SoS) are all around us and are becoming more common in today’s highly interconnected world. Systems are connected with other systems and have strong dependencies with their operational environments. This leads to an increased level of complexity and risk during product development. A holistic view, and an SoS perspective, is consequently needed in order to develop an early understanding of the available design spaces for new system solutions. This thesis suggests a method that has been developed for this purpose, and to meet the demand for a more holistic product development. Overall, the method consists of two correlated approaches that show how a design space for SoSs can be generated and later processed with, for example, design space reductions. Search and Rescue (SAR) operations have been used as examples of typical SoSs throughout this work and in the development of the presented method. An architecture framework has been used to introduce a standardized and consistent way of understanding the relationships that exist between needs, capabilities and functions. This approach can consequently be used to generate a design space of functions to be performed to meet the overarching needs of an SoS. The second approach has been based on ontology and description logic reasoning. Ontology has here been used to represent an SoS design space with, for example, available SAR assets and their relationships with the operational environment. An SoS representation in an ontology model introduces additional expressiveness and the design space processing capabilities needed for a holistic design process and product development. Based on these results, this thesis and its suggested method and approaches contribute to holistic product development from an SoS perspective.

Additional funding agencies: Saab Aeronautics.

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Yeung, Chung Kei. "Ontological model for information systems development methodology." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/702.

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Wu, Di. "Goal-based requirements engineering -- exploring with the "RADIE" approach for ontological elaboration." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/920.

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4

Esmaeily, Kaveh. "Ontological mapping between different higher educational systems : The mapping of academic educational system on an international level." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-876.

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This Master thesis sets its goals in researching and understanding the structure of different educational systems. The main goal that this paper inflicts is to develop a middleware aiming at translating courses between different educational systems.

The procedure is to find the meaning of objects and courses from the different educational systems point of view, this is mainly done through processes such as identifying the context, semantics and state of the objects involved, perhaps in different activities. The middleware could be applied, with small changes, to any structured system of education.

This thesis introduces a framework for using ontologies in the translation and integration of course aspects in different processes. It suggests using ontologies when adopting and structuring different educational systems on an international level. This thesis will, through an understanding of ontologies construct a middleware for the translation process between different courses in the different educational systems. As an example courses in Sweden, Germany and Tajikistan have been used for the mapping and constructing learning goals and qualifications.

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5

Chaplin, Aliviah N. "The Ontological Security Complex: The Impact of System Altering Events on States’ Existential Identities." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556210264741664.

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6

Younis, Zaki Mohamed. "An ontological approach for monitoring and surveillance systems in unregulated markets." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-ontological-approach-for-monitoring-and-surveillance-systems-in-unregulated-markets(056f8010-08b2-4eb0-a75d-5301b899ec90).html.

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Ontologies are a key factor of Information management as they provide a common representation to any domain. Historically, finance domain has suffered from a lack of efficiency in managing vast amounts of financial data, a lack of communication and knowledge sharing between analysts. Particularly, with the growth of fraud in financial markets, cases are challenging, complex, and involve a huge volume of information. Gathering facts and evidence is often complex. Thus, the impetus for building a financial fraud ontology arises from the continuous improvement and development of financial market surveillance systems with high analytical capabilities to capture frauds which is essential to guarantee and preserve an efficient market.This thesis proposes an ontology-based approach for financial market surveillance systems. The proposed ontology acts as a semantic representation of mining concepts from unstructured resources and other internet sources (corpus). The ontology contains a comprehensive concept system that can act as a semantically rich knowledge base for a market monitoring system. This could help fraud analysts to understand financial fraud practices, assist open investigation by managing relevant facts gathered for case investigations, providing early detection techniques of fraudulent activities, developing prevention practices, and sharing manipulation patterns from prosecuted cases with investigators and relevant users. The usefulness of the ontology will be evaluated through three case studies, which not only help to explain how manipulation in markets works, but will also demonstrate how the ontology can be used as a framework for the extraction process and capturing information related to financial fraud, to improve the performance of surveillance systems in fraud monitoring. Given that most manipulation cases occur in the unregulated markets, this thesis uses a sample of fraud cases from the unregulated markets. On the empirical side, the thesis presents examples of novel applications of text-mining tools and data-processing components, developing off-line surveillance systems that are fully working prototypes which could train the ontology in the most recent manipulation techniques.

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7

Alsobhi, Aisha. "Ontological approach for developing an adaptive e-learning system based on learning style for students with dyslexia." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/21174/.

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Learning management systems (LMS), such as WebCT, Blackboard, and Moodle, are commonly employed in modern educational settings. However, while these applications have proven their worth, they do not typically take the individual needs of students into consideration, especially those with learning difficulties. Furthermore, research into the value adaptive e-learning systems can offer students with learning difficulties is lacking. This thesis aims to address gaps in existing research by examining the use of an adaptive e-learning system that can adapt to the needs of students with learning disabilities (LD). The research conducted in this thesis focused on dyslexia because there are various forms of dyslexia and, as such, it cannot be categorised as a single condition that can be served by one specific e-learning system. Following an extensive literature review, three models by which the characteristics of students with dyslexia could be taken into consideration within an adaptive LMS were formulated: a consensus-based model of dyslexia signs and symptoms, which includes consideration of reading, writing, memory, mathematics and speaking difficulties; a comprehensive listing of the existing assistive technologies that can be employed to assist dyslexic students in their educational process mapped according to dyslexia symptoms; and a learning styles model that was based on the Felder-Silverman learning style model that establish relationships between dyslexia type and learning styles. The three models were subsequently incorporated into the Dyslexia Adaptive E-Learning (DAEL) Framework, which specified the design requirements by which an e-learning technology that can facilitate dyslexic student’s learning can be developed. The proposed framework was validated using a quality assessment approach. This thesis proposes an innovative semantic approach to dynamically generate personalised learning materials in the form of the Adaptive E-Learning Management System (DAELMS). The DAELMS is an ontology-based engine that composes and adapts learning experiences according to learner’s dyslexia type and learning styles. This novel approach aims to improve flexibility, extensibility and reusability of systems, while offering a pedagogically effective and satisfactory learning experience for learners with dyslexia. The evaluation of the system revealed that the proposed concept successfully supported students learning in general and students with dyslexia specifically. It is anticipated that this research will pave the way for the development of advanced adaptive learning systems that can support the needs of multiple learners and learning disability types.

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8

Wen, Hongyang. "The development of ontological model for clinical decision support system: A case study of triage of pediatric hip pain in the emergency department." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27427.

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Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), for providing patient specific advice, can only be accepted in clinical practice if they can fit in a clinician workflow. This would require such a CDSS to have diversified support capabilities, to be mobile, and to have flexible functionality. Such a system can be designed and developed only in a modular fashion where the high level abstractions describe the logic among different system components. Ontology, which is a formal specification of shared conceptualization, can be used to create a high level abstraction. Such decoupling of abstract CDSS logic from low level implementation facilitates developing and adding new applications and increases the reusability of different system components. In this research it is argued that a developed CDSS, according to ontology driven design with the ontological model of a problem domain expanded by a clinical decision support requirements, allows the creation of a system that is aligned with clinical workflow. In this research the proposed approach is illustrated with the CDSS for triaging pediatric hip pain (HP) in the Emergency Department. This application (called MET-HP) is created within the MET (Mobile Emergency Triage) environment that implements the ontology driven design principles. MET-HP is a mobile CDSS that includes a decision model derived from the analysis of retrospective chart data and it facilitates early triage of a child using incomplete data. Keywords. Ontology; ontological model; ontology driven design; ontological engineering; clinical decision support system; data mining; knowledge model; knowledge based system.

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9

Parra, Witte Falk Xué. "Living the law of origin : the cosmological, ontological, epistemological, and ecological framework of Kogi environmental politics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274896.

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This project engages with the Kogi, an Amerindian indigenous people from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range in northern Colombia. Kogi leaders have been engaging in a consistent ecological-political activism to protect the Sierra Nevada from environmentally harmful developments. More specifically, they have attempted to raise awareness and understanding among the wider public about why and how these activities are destructive according to their knowledge and relation to the world. The foreign nature of these underlying ontological understandings, statements, and practices, has created difficulties in conveying them to mainstream, scientific society. Furthermore, the pre-determined cosmological foundations of Kogi society, continuously asserted by them, present a problem to anthropology in terms of suitable analytical categories. My work aims to clarify and understand Kogi environmental activism in their own terms, aided by anthropological concepts and “Western” forms of expression. I elucidate and explain how Kogi ecology and public politics are embedded in an old, integrated, and complex way of being, knowing, and perceiving on the Sierra Nevada. I argue that theoretically this task involves taking a realist approach that recognises the Kogi’s cause as intended truth claims of practical environmental relevance. By avoiding constructivist and interpretivist approaches, as well as the recent “ontological pluralism” in anthropology, I seek to do justice to the Kogi’s own essentialist and universalist ontological principles, which also implies following their epistemological rationale. For this purpose, I immersed myself for two years in Kogi life on the Sierra, and focused on structured learning sessions with three Mamas, Kogi spiritual leaders and knowledge specialists. I reflect on how this interaction was possible because my project was compatible with the Mamas’ own desire to clarify and contextualise the Kogi ecological cause. After presenting this experience, I analyse the material as a multifaceted, interrelated, and elaborate system to reflect the organic, structured composition of Kogi and Sierra, also consciously conveyed as such by the Mamas. I hereby intend to show how the Kogi reproduce, live, and sustain this system through daily practices and institutions, and according to cosmological principles that guide a knowledgeable, ecological relationality with things, called ‘the Law of Origin’. To describe this system, I develop a correspondingly holistic and necessary integration of the anthropological concepts of cosmology, ontology, epistemology, and ecology. Based on this, I argue that Kogi eco-politics are equally embedded in this system, and constitute a contemporary attempt to maintain their regulatory relations with the Sierra Nevada and complement their everyday care-taking practices and rituals. In Kogi terms, this continuity and coherence is a moral imperative and environmental necessity. Thus framing and clarifying Kogi eco-politics may enrich insights into the nature of indigenous ecological knowledge, and may help address environmental problems.

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10

Ozkan, Aysegul. "Structure And Process: Prospects For Theories Of Cognitive Science." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612784/index.pdf.

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Different theories of cognitive science propose different system descriptions in their models for the explanation of cognitive phenomena. According to one view, they are incompatible and competing theories. The view is defended by theorists and philosophers from different perspectives and they all claim that the proper conception of cognition is the conception provided by the theory which they advocate. The other view, on the other hand, insists on the compatibility of those theories. According to this view which is also defended here, these different theories are not only compatible, but also they are complementary. The cooperation of these theories and integration of the conceptions provided by these theories are needed to have a full account of cognition.

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11

Stivachtis, Ioannis A. "On systems, societies and entries : a question concerning the ontological, onomatological, and methodological status of the international society tradition; the distinction between an international system & an international society and the entry of Greece." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337359.

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12

Naeem, Muhammad. "A Holistic Dynamic Decision Making System for Ranking Opportunities in Enterprise Collaboration." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2027.

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Dans le contexte de l’industrie 4.0, les entreprises doivent développer et revitaliser leur système de production sur la base d’une numérisation croissante. Les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) ont besoin d’être accompagnèes dans ce développement, en particulier dans le cadre de leurs relations collaboratives avec leurs partenaires. La mise en place d’infrastructures s’appuyant sur les systèmes d’information et les technologies en place devrait permettre de faciliter les interactions, l’échange et le partage des données et la prise de décision qui en découle. La collaboration dans les entreprises est un processus dynamique et en constante évolution qui est fortement créateur de valeur ajoutée. Des processus collaboratifs maitrisés ont un impact important sur les processus de prise de décision au sein des entreprises. L’une des problématiques majeures liée à la mise en place des processus collaboratifs concerne les différentes technologies utilisées par les PME ainsi que les différentes approches méthodologiques nécessaires pour déployer ces processus métiers et modiﬁer les organisations en place. Du point de vue technique, les travaux de recherche portent principalement sur trois dimensions: l’échange de données, l’analyse des données et l’ingénierie sémantique. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons principalement à l’analyse et au traitement des données dans les processus décisionnels collaboratifs. En raison des hiérarchies conceptuelles complexes nous proposons un cadre méthodologique prescriptif collaboratif pour les entreprises en réseau (en anglais : Prescriptive Collaborative Framework for Enterprise Network). Ce cadre méthodologique s’appuie sur une analyse des données massives (Big Data), hétérogènes, structurées et non structurées issues des processus collaboratifs. Analyse qui a pour objectif d’enrichir une base de connaissances du schéma d’ontologie d’aide à la décision. En plus de souligner le rôle de big data et de la modélisation ontologique dans les processus de prise de décision, nous avons déﬁni un ensemble de facilitateurs, «enablers», qui sont conﬁgurables et qui jouent le rôle de blocs de base du cadre méthodologique proposé. Ces enablers couvrent différents aspects des processus industriels collaboratifs tels que : la spéciﬁcation des produits, l’approvisionnement en matières, l’assemblage et la manutention des produits, les capacités de production, la gestion des risques, le contrôle qualité, l’engagement des clients et le Customer Value Lifelong.iiiLe framework proposé est composé d’une base de connaissances, « Base de Connaissances de l’Enterprise Collaborative », qui a été construite sur la base d’une analyse des ressources de l’entreprise en utilisant une modélisation ontologique. Les enablers sont utilisés principalement pour alimenter cette base de connaissances, mais également pour proposer des mécanismes de récapitulation des données sous la forme d’une matrice asymétrique de factorisation (Asymmetric Matrix Factorization) qui se base sur l’analyse des sentiments. Les solutions proposées ont été testées et validées dans le cadre d’une collaboration industrielle impliquant deux partenaires issus du projet européen FP7 FITMAN. Le principal résultat du système proposé réside dans la création de proﬁl de capacités de collaboration en utilisant des données structurées (du système de production) et semi-structurées (métadonnées issues du système de gestion des documents techniques). Pour analyser une opportunité, le modèle de base de connaissances pour la prise de décision proposé fournit une solution auto-adaptative pour l’entreprise collaborative
The enterprises by virtue of their progressive objectives hold a strategic impetus of revitalizing their chain of manufacturing in the array of emerging challenges of value added production. The value added production is coined by the cost effective improvement in product life cycle. Nevertheless, small and medium enterprises are not rich in resources to embrace this objective. However, they ﬁnd the collaborative network to be the best course of strategic action. The enterprise collaboration has gain much popularity and strength with the inception of digital revolution. This concept has observed a dynamic and evolving phenomenon of value added chain. This phenomenon under the convergence of information technology has placed a remarkable impact on decision-making processes within enterprises. The enterprises are involved in establishing a common window of collaborative network where the principle enterprise decides the synthesis of the incoming opportunity. The decision making at early stage for ranking the potential partner plays a pivoted role in optimized collaborative network. We in this study have obtained the aforementioned objectives by analyzing a vast amount of data and knowledge base. We have shown how the decisionmaking capability can be improved by means of analytics of vast amount of data during enterprise collaboration. Apart from highlighting the stalwart role of big data and ontological modeling in decision-making processes, we have deﬁned enablers namely "Capability Evaluator" (herein CE) which are conﬁgurable in their deﬁnition. The deﬁned enablers have been show to cover the ﬁnancial, process and enterprise level scope with diversiﬁed classiﬁcation. They play the role of building blocks in the proposed framework coined by the essence of integrated data management and enterprise collaborative knowledge base. We have deﬁned three ways of obtaining these enablers, descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analysis. These enablers cover the industrial manufacturing aspects such as: Delay, Costing, Resource, Risk, Quality Control, Product Speciﬁcation (Functional, Technical, General), Process, Raw Material, Product assembly and handling, Production capacity, Customer Engagement and Customer Lifelong Value. The whole of the system has been validated by means of introducing a framework "Prescriptive Collaborative Framework for Enterprise Network"v(herein PCFEN). The framework is logically comprised of a knowledge base namely "Enterprise Collaboration Knowledge Base" (herein ECKB). This knowledge base has been adopted with the prescriptive analysis across enterprise resources using ontological modeling. The enablers are used to populate the ﬂexible knowledge base by which the ECKB enables to provide decision making for the ranking of the projects. The decision making system is also enriched by means of summaries obtained from the free text. Here in this aspect, we introduces a summarization mechanism "Asymmetric Matrix Factorization" (AMF). This component was used to obtain the summaries of variable size and quality. The summaries were used to extract the key concepts by means of sentiment analysis to map the knowledge base. Moreover, we have also modeled the "Composition of Customer Commitment" which is used for the orchestration and synthesis of the project. The outcome of proposed system addressed the individual and collaborative enterprise capability within enterprise network using structured and semi-structured data. The proposed knowledge base decision making model provides a self-adaptive solution for enterprise collaborative services and provides a high level assistance in project ranking

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13

Saghafi, Arash. "Ontological and cognitive principles on information systems modelling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59427.

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Information systems are representations or models of real-world applications. Based on this premise, success of an information system is contingent on how effectively and faithfully the representations are generated and interpreted by analysts and designers. Prior research has suggested using ontology — a branch of philosophy that deals with the order and structure of reality in the broadest sense — as guidance for the modelling process. It is expected that by improving the ontological expressiveness of conceptual models, they will become more faithful and effective representations of the real world. This thesis focuses on information models that are rooted in ontology and users’ performance of cognitive tasks when using such models. Following the three-study structure of doctoral theses, my first study synthesized the prior work that had empirically evaluated the impact of ontological guidance on users’ understanding of conceptual models. The analysis indicated a strong effect of ontological guidance on improving users’ understanding of the “conceptual domain models”, particularly for tasks that required a deeper level of understanding. This provides scientific evidence in favour of incorporating ontological guidance in education and in practice of systems analysis. My second and third studies investigated a data modelling approach that is based on ontological principles, namely the instance-based paradigm, which is an alternative to the traditional data management method. Unlike the traditional approach, the instance-based paradigm requires neither imposing pre-defined structure over the data nor central control/planning. Study 2 evaluated users’ performance in (the cognitive task of) information retrieval. It indicated that users of instance-based representations are able to formulate queries more accurately compared with users of class-based representations. Study 3 broadened the scope and focused on knowledge discovery and exploration of information (that was not necessarily created for the intended application). Results of a laboratory experiment demonstrated that users of instance-based data were able to identify more potentially interesting patterns compared with users of class-based data. With the current emphasis on information analytics and importance of incorporating insights from organizational data into decision-making, the latter two studies show that the instance-based model is a promising approach to satisfy the emerging needs of information users.
Business, Sauder School of
Graduate

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14

Layouni, Mouna farah. "Architecture pour la fédération de cercles de confiance dans une approche Système de systèmes." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0898.

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La maitrise de la complexité croissante tant de nos organisations socioéconomiques que de nos systèmes et infrastructures technologiques, impose des systèmes informatiques de plus en plus intégrés. L’organisation de nos sociétés avancées ne pourrait plus se développer dans des conditions raisonnables sans le support des technologies de l’information. Les différents systèmes d’information s’intègrent ainsi de plus en plus en un maillage informationnel formant ainsi un système de systèmes qui se complexifie de jour en jour et de ce fait devient de plus en plus vital. Ces systèmes des systèmes doivent répondre à deux types d’objectifs : i) la réalisation d’un système par l’intégration de systèmes offerts par différents fournisseurs, ii) l’interopération de systèmes déjà en service en vue d’obtenir des propriétés nouvelles dues à leur coopération, généralement avec une augmentation d’efficacité. Ces objectifs et cette complexité ne peuvent être appréhendés par une démarche purement analytique. C’est pourquoi nous avons préconisé à travers cette thèse une solution de système de systèmes basée sur un graphe d'interopérabilité construit sur une comparaison hiérarchique ontologique. La mise en œuvre de cette approche à travers l’utilisation d’une plateforme d’agents mobile permet une recherche dynamique de services visant à satisfaire au mieux les critères de qualité exigés par l’utilisateur
Mastering the increasing complexity of our socio-economic organizations and technology infrastructure requires more and more integrated information systems. The organization of our advanced societies could no longer grow on reasonable terms without the support of information technology.The different information systems belongs more and more to an informational meshing, forming in this way a complex system of systems which is getting complex day after day and because of that is becoming increasingly vital.This system of systems must meet two objectives: i) implementation of a system by integrating systems offered by different providers, ii) interoperation of systems already in use in order to obtain new properties due to their cooperation, usually with an efficiency increase.These objectives and this complexity can be grasped by a purely analytical approach. That is why we have advocated throughout this thesis a solution of system of systems based on an interoperability graph built on a hierarchical ontological comparison (foundation of trust). The platform of mobile agents associated with this system will implement a dynamic search of services which tries to satisfy the quality criteria required by the user

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Papagiannis, Fragoulis. "National patient flow framework : an ontological patient-oriented redesign." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8301/.

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This study aims to redesign and measure patient satisfaction and treatment of the patient flow process. Based on ontology, it will redesign the core patient flow processes with the simultaneous introduction of a patient-oriented model that will conceptualise and implement this ontological framework. A gap regarding scientific, patient-oriented, measurable frameworks has been discovered and demonstrates the need for a new healthcare management framework. As the need for this new framework is identified, this study aims at fulfilling the following objectives:  A novel redesign of core transactions of the patient flow process, based on ontology, and its supporting patient-oriented information system, from being healthcare oriented to being patient oriented.  Implement this study’s conceptualisation (patient-oriented flow) in a novel beyond any doubt, way through the function of the supporting information system as well as its measures used for the ontological process redesign.  Improve efficiency in the healthcare system through competent management of institutional resources by providing a fertile framework for strategic cooperation among patients and healthcare providers.  Assist in the development and maintenance of measurable activity-based driven results that improve patient quality value added services, turning everyday healthcare acts into healthcare facts relevant to this study’s concept. Concluding, scientific contributions of this study include the discovery and redesign of the contemporary both conceptual and structural gaps in the patient flow process and the introduction of a measurable scientific, not practical, redesign through the enterprise ontology methodology. Finally, the implementation of a novel patient-oriented framework (OS), based on universal characteristics, that results to effective GP appointment, proper diagnosis and referral, economically traceable and structurally measurable, both qualitative and quantitative, hospital inflow-outflow as well as patient awareness and patient relations management.

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Бутенко, Юлія Іванівна. "Онтологічні моделі та методи формування нормативного профілю при сертифікації програмного забезпечення". Thesis, Національний аерокосмічний університет ім. М. Є. Жуковського "Харківський авіаційний інститут", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/17407.

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Анотація:

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський технічний інститут", Харків, 2015. Дисертаційна робота присвячена вирішенню науково-прикладної задачі підвищення ефективності розроблення програмного забезпечення шляхом синтезу формальних моделей і методів інформаційної технології формування нормативного профілю вимог до програмного забезпечення. Розроблено модель текстів стандартів, яка, на відміну від відомих моделей, ґрунтується на онтологічному поданні їх лінгвістичних об'єктів, що забезпечує адекватність нормативного профілю. Удосконалено модель ядра семантичної цілісності мови стандартів, шляхом подання у формі онтології, що забезпечує повноту семантичного аналізу. Удосконалено метод розроблення лінгвістичних моделей стандартів шляхом урахування композиційної структури стандарту, що забезпечує структурованість процесу інформаційного пошуку в текстах стандартів. Дістав подальшого розвитку метод синтезу онтологічної системи шляхом її реалізації у вигляді діалогової системи підтримки прийняття рішень аудитора сертифікаційного центру. Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає у створенні науково-методичної основи у вигляді конкретних інженерних методик, методів і програмних засобів для підтримки прийняття рішень при сертифікації програмного забезпечення.
The thesis on competition of an academic degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.13.06 – information technologies. – National Polytechnical University "Kharkiv Technical Institute", Kharkiv, 2015. Dissertation work is devoted to efficiency improvement of software development by means of automation of normative profile forming of requirements to software. It is developed formal model of standard, which, in contrast to the known models, is based on ontology representation of linguistic objects that provides the sufficiency of the normative profile. It is improved the model of semantic integrity core for language of standards by giving it in the form ontology that ensure the fulfillment of semantic analysis. It is improved the method of development of linguistic models by taking into accout the compositional structure of standards that provides the structured process of information retrieval in texts of standards. It is further developed of a method of forming an ontological system by its implementation as an intellectual core in the dialogue decision-making support system for auditor of certification centre. The practical significance of the obtained results is in the creation of scientific-methodical bases in the form of specific engineering techniques, methods and software tools for decision support in the certification of critical systems applications.

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17

Choi, S. K. "Towards intelligent transport systems : geospatial ontological framework and agent simulation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1553201/.

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Анотація:

In an Intelligent Transport System (ITS) environment, the communication component is of high significance as it supports interactions between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure. Existing studies focus on the physical capability and capacity of the communication technologies, but the equally important development of suitable and efficient semantic content for transmission has received notably less attention. Using an ontology is one promising approach for context modelling in ubiquitous computing environments. In the transport domain, an ontology can be used both for context modelling and semantic contents for vehicular communications. This research explores the development of an ontological framework implementing a geosemantic messaging model to support vehicle-to-vehicle communications. To develop an ontology model, two scenarios (an ambulance situation and a breakdown on the motorway) are constructed to describe specific situations using short-range communication in an ITS environment. In the scenarios, spatiotemporal relations and semantic relations among vehicles and road facilities are extracted and defined as classes, objects, and properties/relations in the ontology model. For the ontology model, some functions and query templates are also developed to update vehicles’ movements and to provide some logical procedures that vehicles need to follow in emergency situations. To measure the effects of the vehicular communication based on the ontology model, an agent-based approach is adopted to dynamically simulate the moving vehicles and their communications following the scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate that the ontology model can support vehicular communications to update each vehicle’s context model and assist its decision-making process to resolve the emergency situations. The results also show the effect of vehicular communications on the efficiency trends of traffic in emergency situations, where some vehicles have a communication device, and others do not. The efficiency trends, based on the percentage of vehicles having a communication device, can be useful to set a transition period plan for implanting communication devices onto vehicles and the infrastructure. The geospatial ontological framework and agent simulation may contribute to increase the intelligence of ITS by supporting data-level and application-level implementation of autonomous vehicle agents to share knowledge in local contexts. This work can be easily extended to support more complex interactions amongst vehicles and the infrastructure.

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18

Бутенко, Юлія Іванівна. "Онтологічні моделі та методи формування нормативного профілю при сертифікації програмного забезпечення". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/17404.

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Анотація:

Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський технічний інститут", Харків, 2015. Дисертаційна робота присвячена вирішенню науково-прикладної задачі підвищення ефективності розроблення програмного забезпечення шляхом синтезу формальних моделей і методів інформаційної технології формування нормативного профілю вимог до програмного забезпечення. Розроблено модель текстів стандартів, яка, на відміну від відомих моделей, ґрунтується на онтологічному поданні їх лінгвістичних об'єктів, що забезпечує адекватність нормативного профілю. Удосконалено модель ядра семантичної цілісності мови стандартів, шляхом подання у формі онтології, що забезпечує повноту семантичного аналізу. Удосконалено метод розроблення лінгвістичних моделей стандартів шляхом урахування композиційної структури стандарту, що забезпечує структурованість процесу інформаційного пошуку в текстах стандартів. Дістав подальшого розвитку метод синтезу онтологічної системи шляхом її реалізації у вигляді діалогової системи підтримки прийняття рішень аудитора сертифікаційного центру. Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає у створенні науково-методичної основи у вигляді конкретних інженерних методик, методів і програмних засобів для підтримки прийняття рішень при сертифікації програмного забезпечення.
The thesis on competition of an academic degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.13.06 – information technologies. – National Polytechnical University "Kharkiv Technical Institute", Kharkiv, 2015. Dissertation work is devoted to efficiency improvement of software development by means of automation of normative profile forming of requirements to software. It is developed formal model of standard, which, in contrast to the known models, is based on ontology representation of linguistic objects that provides the sufficiency of the normative profile. It is improved the model of semantic integrity core for language of standards by giving it in the form ontology that ensure the fulfillment of semantic analysis. It is improved the method of development of linguistic models by taking into accout the compositional structure of standards that provides the structured process of information retrieval in texts of standards. It is further developed of a method of forming an ontological system by its implementation as an intellectual core in the dialogue decision-making support system for auditor of certification centre. The practical significance of the obtained results is in the creation of scientific-methodical bases in the form of specific engineering techniques, methods and software tools for decision support in the certification of critical systems applications.

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19

Dimitrova, V., M. O. Mehmood, Dhaval Thakker, B. Sage-Vallier, J. Valdes, and A. G. Cohn. "An ontological approach for pathology assessment and diagnosis of tunnels." ELSEVIER, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17643.

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Анотація:

Yes
Tunnel maintenance requires complex decision making, which involves pathology diagnosis and risk assessment, to ensure full safety while optimising maintenance and repair costs. A Decision Support System (DSS) can play a key role in this process by supporting the decision makers in identifying pathologies based on disorders present in various tunnel portions and contextual factors affecting a tunnel. Another key aspect is to identify which spatial stretches within a tunnel contain pathologies of similar kinds within neighbouring tunnel segments. This paper presents PADTUN, a novel intelligent decision support system that assists with pathology diagnosis and assessment of tunnels with respect to their disorders and diagnosis influencing factors. It utilises semantic web technologies for knowledge capture, representation, and reasoning. The core of PADTUN is a family of ontologies which represent the main concepts and relations associated with pathology assessment, and capture the decision process concerning tunnel maintenance. Tunnel inspection data is linked to these ontologies to take advantage of inference capabilities offered by semantic technologies. In addition, an intelligent mechanism is presented which exploits abstraction and inference capabilities. Thus PADTUN provides the world’s first semantically based intelligent DSS for tunnel maintenance. PADTUN was developed by an interdisciplinary team of tunnel experts and knowledge engineers in real-world settings offered by the NeTTUN EU Project. An evaluation of the PADTUN system is performed using real-world tunnel data and diagnosis tasks. We show how the use of semantic technologies allows addressing the complex issues of tunnel pathology inferencing, aiding in, and matching transportation experts’ expectations of decision support. The methodology is applicable to any linear transport structures, offering intelligent ways to aid with complex decision processes related to diagnosis and maintenance.
This work was part of the NeTTUN project, funded by the EC 7th Framework under Grant Agreement 280712.

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20

Alirezaie, Marjan. "Bridging the Semantic Gap between Sensor Data and Ontological Knowledge." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45908.

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Анотація:

The rapid growth of sensor data can potentially enable a better awareness of the environment for humans. In this regard, interpretation of data needs to be human-understandable. For this, data interpretation may include semantic annotations that hold the meaning of numeric data. This thesis is about bridging the gap between quantitative data and qualitative knowledge to enrich the interpretation of data. There are a number of challenges which make the automation of the interpretation process non-trivial. Challenges include the complexity of sensor data, the amount of available structured knowledge and the inherent uncertainty in data. Under the premise that high level knowledge is contained in ontologies, this thesis investigates the use of current techniques in ontological knowledge representation and reasoning to confront these challenges. Our research is divided into three phases, where the focus of the first phase is on the interpretation of data for domains which are semantically poor in terms of available structured knowledge. During the second phase, we studied publicly available ontological knowledge for the task of annotating multivariate data. Our contribution in this phase is about applying a diagnostic reasoning algorithm to available ontologies. Our studies during the last phase have been focused on the design and development of a domain-independent ontological representation model equipped with a non-monotonic reasoning approach with the purpose of annotating time-series data. Our last contribution is related to coupling the OWL-DL ontology with a non-monotonic reasoner. The experimental platforms used for validation consist of a network of sensors which include gas sensors whose generated data is complex. A secondary data set includes time series medical signals representing physiological data, as well as a number of publicly available ontologies such as NCBO Bioportal repository.

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21

Jörg, Brigitte [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Zimmermann. "Towards ontological foundations of research information systems / Brigitte Jörg. Betreuer: Harald Zimmermann." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1053030851/34.

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22

Sakalauskas, Rimantas. "Ontologija grįsta kompiuterinių gedimų diagnostikos sistema." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100903_083310-56423.

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Анотація:

Šiame darbe analizuojamos pasaulinio semantinio tinklo technologijos dalykinės srities žinioms užrašyti ir valdyti. Darbo metu buvo papildyta dalykinės srities ontologija bei sukurta nauja sistėminė vartotojo sąsajos formavimo ontologija, kuri palaiko daugiakalbystę. Realizuotos ir aprobuotos užklausos ir automatizavimo procesai dirbantys su minėtomis ontologijomis. Darbo vykdymo metu sukauptos žinios buvo surinktos, susistemintos ir pateikiamos kaip darbo metodika. Remiantis šia metodika sukurta eksperimentinė sistema, skirta padėti identifikuoti su BIOS klaidomis susijusias problemas ir/arba operacinių sistemų (OS) sutrikimo priežastis ir jas spręsti. Apie sukurtą sistemą buvo perskaitytas pranešimas konferencijoje „Mokslas ir studijos 2010: teorija ir praktika“, kuri įvyko Šiaurės Lietuvos kolegijoje. Metodiką galima pritaikyti bet kokiai dalykinei sričiai, tiek realizuojant e-mokymo(si) sistemose probleminio mokymosi principus, tiek paramos paslaugų teikimo prekės ar produkto vartotojui sferoje.
This work examines the global semantic web technologies in the subject area knowledge and record management. Work was completed in the subject area and Ontology, a new user interface making systemic ontology, which supports multilingualism. Realized and dealer inquiries, and automate processes in working with these ontologies. Work during the accumulated knowledge has been collected, systematised and presented as a working methodology. Based on the methodology developed an experimental system designed to help identify errors in the BIOS-related problems and / or operating systems (OS) and cause disruption to solve them. This system of notification was read in the conference of "Education and training 2010: Theory and Practice", which took place in Northern Lithuania College. The approach can be applied to any subject area, and implement e-learning (learning) problem of learning the principles of systems and support services or goods to the consumer product area.

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23

Casare, Sara Jane. "Uma ontologia funcional de reputação para agentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-22052006-221632/.

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Анотація:

Esta dissertação propõe uma Ontologia Funcional de Reputação para agentes. Tal ontologia representa uma parte do conhecimento científico sobre reputação provido tanto pelas Ciências Humanas quanto pelos trabalhos em Inteligência Artificial. Seu objetivo é oferecer uma perspectiva funcional para a representação e análise da reputação como mecanismo de controle social em sociedades de agentes, de forma a sustentar a implementação de modelos de reputação para agentes. A Ontologia Funcional de Reputação foi construída a partir das categorias de conhecimento da Ontologia Funcional do Direito, proposta por Valente (1995), e utiliza a categorização de conceitos definida para o mundo jurídico para a representação do mundo social. A ontologia foi codificada em OWL DL, uma linguagem formal baseada em lógica descritiva. Uma vez construída a ontologia, os conceitos utilizados por diversos modelos e sistemas de reputação foram utilizados na sua avaliação. A utilização de um motor de inferência permitiu comparar estes conceitos, representados por meio de classes OWL, com as classes da ontologia. Tal comparação permite avaliar, de modo preliminar, a adequação do uso da Ontologia Funcional de Reputação como uma possível interlingua entre diversos agentes heterogêneos, cada qual utilizando um modelo de reputação diferente, que necessitam interoperar.
This work presents a Functional Ontology of Reputation for agents. This ontology represents the broad knowledge about reputation produced in some areas of interest such as Social Sciences and Artificial Intelligence. Its goal is to provide a functional perspective both to represent and analyze reputation as a social control mechanism for agents societies, in order to support the implementation of reputation model for agents. The Functional Ontology of Reputation employs the primitive categories of knowledge used in the Functional Ontology of Law proposed by Valente (1995). The idea is that the concepts of the legal world can be used to model the social world, through the extension of the concept of legal rule to social norm and the internalization of social control mechanisms in the agent's mind, so far externalized in legal institutions. The Functional Ontology of Reputation contains five main categories that have been borrowed from or inspired by the Functional Ontology of Law: Reputative Knowledge, Responsibility Knowledge, Normative Knowledge, World Knowledge and Common Sense Knowledge.As in the Functional Ontology of Law, the distinction among the categories of the reputation ontology are accomplished according to a functional perspective, in which each component of the reputation system, embedded in the social system, exists to perform a specific function in the effort to achieve social objectives, such as trust, reciprocity and social cooperation. The Functional Ontology of Reputation was implemented in OWL, a description logic language. This ontology was evaluated by using several concepts related to reputation, included in different reputation models and reputation systems. These concepts were defined as OWL classes and a reasoner was used in order to produce the comparison between these concepts and the ontology classes. This comparison allows evaluating, in a preliminary way, the Functional Ontology of Reputation utilization as a possible interlingua between several heterogeneous agents that need to interoperate, despite the utilization of different reputation model.

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24

Hallett, Nigel. "Ontological developments in contemporary art and their implications for value systems in art education." Thesis, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10369/5924.

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Анотація:

The subject of this study, which engages philosophy, art and the teaching of art, asks how art can be taught if it can be any thing. I characterise this status as ‘open’, meaning that it is epistemologically and ontologically unstable in ways which challenge our understanding of what an ‘artwork’ might constitute. The research looks to debates in the philosophy of art, for example, the definitional challenge of art, but especially to attempts to identify where the ontological distinctiveness of art lies if physicality fails to explain such distinctiveness. I argue that, although such debates have a relevance for the teaching of art at undergraduate level, this relevance is not widely acknowledged in the literature of art teaching. I first examine how openness is recognized and dealt with in art schools through the Benchmark Statement for art and design. I use a case study to explore the implications of open art with educational practitioners. I then ask whether art has always been problematical to teach and whether it is any more so in the context of contemporary art practices. Two accounts of value in art teaching (Ginsborg and de Duve) are examined in order to show how differently the practices which reflect that value can be interpreted and how the value is shifting as particular theories manifest themselves in art schools. I explore the relationship between theory and practice in the art school context, identifying six ways in which the term theory can be interpreted. Each way has implications for how art teaching is understood although I give special attention to an aspect of philosophical theory – the ontological structure of artworks – to argue that the teaching of art would meet the challenge of open art more readily by acknowledging, more overtly than is currently evident, the ontology of artworks.

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25

Byg, Reed Lauren. "Sprawling Fields and Food Deserts: An ontological exploration of food and farming systems in Ohio." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99295.

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Анотація:

Ohio is one of the largest agricultural producers in the United States and yet Ohioans experience food insecurity at a rate two percent higher than the national average. An analysis of Ohio's agricultural sector in relation to the current global food system suggests that the neoliberal imaginary orders social and ecological relations at both the international and domestic levels. This ordering perpetuates and justifies the continued exploitation of both labor and land and is based on ontological separation of human and ecological systems. This imaginary has given rise to the framework of food security, which has become the singular framework under which solutions to food and climate challenges are outlined by both local policy makers and major development and agricultural organizations. This effectively limits the possible solutions to only those solutions that fit within this imaginary. In considering the continued prevalence of food insecurity in both national and international contexts, it is necessary to explore other avenues for proposing solutions to the current food challenges, which will only grow as the impacts of climate change worsen. Food sovereignty, more specifically urban food sovereignty, offers an alternative ontological framework that expands the realm of possible solutions to food insecurity as a feature of the food sovereignty movement's recognition of multiple ways of being.
Master of Arts
Ohio is one of the largest agricultural producers in the United States and yet, Ohioans experience food insecurity at a rate two percent higher than the national average. An analysis of Ohio's agricultural development in relation to the rise of the current global food system illustrates the ideological connections between the two systems, and the dependencies of these systems on the continued exploitation of both land and labor. Thus, these systems and the food security framework that has arisen from the same ideology or imaginary, can only provide limited solutions to food insecurity at the national or international level. The solutions that have been proposed and implemented under the security framework maintain dependency and vulnerability of insecure populations. As the impacts from climate change worsen and threaten to disrupt food systems, there is the need to move away from the food security framework towards a framework of food sovereignty and the incorporation of urban spaces into the solutions proposed.

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26

D'Adamo-Damery, Philip Carl. "Ontological Possibilities: Rhizoanalytic Explorations of Community Food Work in Central Appalachia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51247.

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Анотація:

In the United States, the community food movement has been put forward as a potential solution for a global food system that fails to provide just and equitable access to nutritious food. This claim has been subject to the criticism of a variety of scholars and activists, some of whom contend that the alternative food movement is complicit in the re-production of neoliberalism and is therefore implicated in the making of the unjust system. In this dissertation I use theories of Deleuze (and Guatarri) and science and technology scholars to enter the middle of this dichotomy. I argue that both readings of community food work, as just and unjust, rely on realist epistemologies that posit knowledge as representative of an existing reality. I alternatively view knowledge as much more contingent and plural, resulting in a multiplicity of realities that are much less fixed. The idea that reality is a product of knowledge, rather than the inverse, raises the question of how reality might be made differently, or of ontological politics. This is the question I set out to interrogate: how might the realities of community food work be read and made differently, and how this reading might open new possibilities for transformation? To explore this question, I conducted interviews with 18 individuals working for three different non-profit community food organizations in central Appalachia. I used and appreciative inquiry approach to capture stories that affected these individuals' stories about their work captured their visions and hope for food system change. I then used a (non)method, rhizoanalysis, to code the data affectively, reading for the interesting, curious, and remarkable, rather than attempting to trace a strong theory like neoliberalism onto the data. Drawing on Delueze and Guattari, I mapped excerpts from the data into four large narrative cartographies. In each cartography, the narrative excerpts are positioned to vibrate against one another; my hope is that these resonances might open lines of flight within the reader and space for new ontological possibilities. For adult and community educators, I posit this rhizoanalysis as a poststructuralist contribution to Freire's concept of the generative theme and of use to broader project of agonistic pluralism.
Ph. D.

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27

Ннамене, Крістофер Чізоба. "Комп’ютерна онтологія предметної області «Моделювання та опрацювання циклічних сигналів»". Diss., Тернопільський національний технічний університет ім. Івана Пулюя, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/36019.

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Анотація:

Дисертація присвячена вирішенню актуального наукового завдання розробки концептуальних, формальних та машинно-інтерпретовних моделей подання та організації знань в інтегрованому онтоорієнтованому інформаційному середовищі для моделювання та опрацювання циклічних сигналів в рамках теорії циклічних функціональних відношень, а також побудові на їх основі прототипу комп’ютерної онтології предметної області «Моделювання та опрацювання циклічних сигналів», що є ядром бази знань таких онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем як інформаційна довідкова система, експертна система підтримки прийняття рішень та система комп’ютерного моделювання та опрацювання циклічних сигналів.
The dissertation is devoted to the solution of the actual scientific problem of development of conceptual, formal and machine-interpretive models of representation and organization of knowledge in the integrated onto - oriented information environment for Modeling and processing of cyclic signals within the theory of cyclic functional relations. "Modeling and processing of cyclic signals" is the core knowledge base of such onto-oriented information systems as information reference systems, expert decision support systems, computer modeling and processing of cyclic signals.

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28

Khouri, Adilson Lopes. "Desenvolvimento de técnica para recomendar atividades em workflows científicos: uma abordagem baseada em ontologias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100131/tde-19042016-140611/.

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Анотація:

O número de atividades disponibilizadas pelos sistemas gerenciadores de workflows científicos é grande, o que exige dos cientistas conhecerem muitas delas para aproveitar a capacidade de reutilização desses sistemas. Para minimizar este problema, a literatura apresenta algumas técnicas para recomendar atividades durante a construção de workflows científicos. Este projeto especificou e desenvolveu um sistema de recomendação de atividades híbrido, considerando informação sobre frequência, entrada e saídas das atividades, e anotações ontológicas para recomendar. Além disso, neste projeto é apresentada uma modelagem da recomendação de atividades como um problema de classificação e regressão, usando para isso cinco classificadores; cinco regressores; um classificador SVM composto, o qual usa o resultado dos outros classificadores e regressores para recomendar; e um ensemble de classificadores Rotation Forest. A técnica proposta foi comparada com as outras técnicas da literatura e com os classificadores e regressores, por meio da validação cruzada em 10 subconjuntos, apresentando como resultado uma recomendação mais precisa, com medida MRR ao menos 70% maior do que as obtidas pelas outras técnicas
The number of activities provided by scientific workflow management systems is large, which requires scientists to know many of them to take advantage of the reusability of these systems. To minimize this problem, the literature presents some techniques to recommend activities during the scientific workflow construction. This project specified and developed a hybrid activity recommendation system considering information on frequency, input and outputs of activities and ontological annotations. Additionally, this project presents a modeling of activities recommendation as a classification problem, tested using 5 classifiers; 5 regressors; a SVM classifier, which uses the results of other classifiers and regressors to recommend; and Rotation Forest , an ensemble of classifiers. The proposed technique was compared to other related techniques and to classifiers and regressors, using 10-fold-cross-validation, achieving a MRR at least 70% greater than those obtained by other techniques

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Santos, Elder Rizzon. "Uma abordagem baseada em ontologias para a interoperabilidade entre agentes heterogêneos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/7839.

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Esta dissertação apresenta a utilização de ontologias como um primeiro passo em direção à interoperabilidade, no nível semântico, entre agentes de diferentes domínios. O contexto de aplicação é um portal educacional chamado PortEdu. Este portal fornece a infra-estrutura e suporte para ambientes de aprendizagem baseados em agentes. O foco deste trabalho é em um agente específico, o agente social, no qual são acrescentadas todas as funcionalidades necessárias para que ele possa interagir com agentes fora de seu contexto. O agente social pertence a um ambiente de aprendizagem multi-agente projetado para apoiar o treinamento do raciocínio, diagnóstico e modelagem de domínios de conhecimento incerto e complexo, como a área médica. Esse ambiente de aprendizagem chama-se AMPLIA. O conhecimento do agente social é modelado através de redes bayesianas, as quais possibilitam ao agente representar seu conhecimento probabilístico e tomar decisões através dele. A representação através de redes bayesianas não foi desenvolvida para ser utilizada no processo de comunicação com outros agentes, o que dificulta a interoperabilidade do agente social com os demais agentes do portal educacional, no qual os ambientes de ensino aprendizagem encontram-se ancorados. A abordagem proposta para fornecer interoperabilidade amplia a arquitetura do agente social possibilitando-o representar seu conhecimento probabilístico através de OWL (Web Ontology Language) e também sua comunicação com agentes externos através de FIPA-ACL (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents – Agent Communication Language), linguagem para comunicação utilizada no PortEdu. A OWL não foi projetada para representar incerteza, sendo assim, também foi desenvolvida uma estrutura para possibilitar tal representação em OWL.
This dissertation presents the utilization of ontologies as a first step towards interoperability at the semantic level among agents of different domains. Our test bed is an Educational Portal (PortEdu). This portal provides the infra-structure and support for agent-based learning environments. We focus on a specific agent, the social agent, adding all the necessary functionality for him to interact with agents that aren’t fully aware of its context. The social agent belongs to a Multi-agent Learning Environment designed to support training of diagnostic reasoning and modeling of domains with complex and uncertain knowledge, such as the medical area. This learning environment is called AMPLIA. The knowledge of social agent is implemented with Bayesian networks, which allows the agent to represent its probabilistic knowledge and make its decisions. The representation through Bayesian networks was not designed to be used for communication with other agents, which makes it more difficult for the social agent to interoperate with the agents present in the portal. The approach proposed to supply interoperability extends the social agent’s architecture allowing the representation of his probabilistic knowledge through OWL (Web Ontology Language) and also allows this communication with external agents through FIPA-ACL (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents – Agent Communication Language), which is the communication language adopted in PortEdu. OWL was not designed to represent uncertain knowledge, thus, it was also developed a structure to allow such representation in OWL.

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Valverde, Raul. "The ontological evaluation of the requirements model when shifting from a traditional to a component-based paradigm in information systems re-engineering." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Business, 2008. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00004830/.

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[Abstract]: The vast majority of present legacy information systems were implemented using the traditional paradigm. The traditional paradigm consists of modeling techniques used by system analysts such as System Flow Charts and Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) to capture, during the analysis phase, the activities within a system.However, with recent developments, particularly trends towards e-Commerce applications, platform independence, reusability of pre-built components, capacity for reconfiguration and higher reliability, many organizations are realizing they will need to re-engineer their systems into new component based systems that meet thesetrends given the limitations of legacy systems to adapt to these new technical requirements.There is a high degree of interest and concern in establishing whether or not a full migration to a more portable and scalable component-based architecture will be able to represent the legacy business requirements in the underlying requirements model of the re-engineered information systems.As a result, this study poses the question: Is the resulting component-based requirements model ontological equivalent to the legacy requirements model whenshifting paradigms in the re-engineering process?After a literature review, the research study is justified given the differences in requirements modeling between component-based and traditional paradigms, whichgive an indication that the resulting component model might not represent the same business requirements represented in the legacy system requirements model.The study evaluated the requirements models generated by the component-based and traditional approaches when shifting paradigms in the re-engineering process inorder to verify that the re-engineered component-based requirements model was capable of representing the same business requirements of the legacy system. Design science and an ontological evaluation using the Bunge-Wand-Weber(BWW) model were the central research methodologies for this study.A legacy system was selected as part of the case study and re-engineered by using the component-based paradigm with the help of UML diagrams. The requirements model of the legacy system was recovered using reverse engineering and compared to the component-based requirements model using normalized reference models generated with the help of BWW transformation maps. These maps revealed that there-engineered requirements models were capable of representing the same business requirements of the legacy system. A set of rules was suggested when reengineeringlegacy into component-based information systems to ensure the same representation of legacy system’s requirements in the re-engineered requirements model.Finally, this research included directions of future research that put emphasis on the development of automated software tools for systems re-engineering that couldimplement the rules suggested in this study and the ontological methodology approach used.

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Baldárrago, Arturo Elias Urquizo. "Abordagem de recomendação baseada em conteúdo utilizando ontologia fuzzy de domínio e ontologia crisp de preferência do usuário." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/502.

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Анотація:

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Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
This paper presents an approach for developing content-based recommendation applications with focus on the use of a specific domain fuzzy ontology along with a user preference ontology. The approach falls into two stages: Ontology Engineering and Recommendation System Engineering. In the Ontology Engineering, a domain ontology with fuzzy relationships and a user ontology are built. The user ontology is set as an instance of the domain ontology, but it is modeled in a way that allows to store each user s preferences. The usage of the ontologies produced in Ontology Engineering provides a gain in precision for the results obtained by applications in the Recommendation System Engineering stage. For evaluation purposes, we instantiated the proposed approach in the development of a Recommender System for the field of electronic commerce, focusing on the mobile devices commerce domain. Following the experimental methodology, An evaluation was conducted in order to assess the approach s impact on the accuracy of results provided by the developed Recommender System. The results showed that the use of our approach contributed to increase the accuracy of the results, in terms of prediction, classification and ranking. The contributions of this work include: the approach for developing content-based recommendation applications by using a specific domain fuzzy ontology along with a user preference ontology; the definition of the UPFON methodology, which integrates the approach, to construct fuzzy ontologies; an instantiation of a fuzzy ontology for the mobile devices domain and a strategy to capture; and propagate the user preferences by means of ontologies.
Esta dissertação apresenta uma abordagem para o desenvolvimento de aplicações de recomendação baseadas em conteúdo utilizando ontologia específica de domínio e ontologia de preferência de usuário. Tal abordagem está dividida em duas etapas: a Engenharia de Ontologia e a Engenharia do Sistema de Recomendação. Na Engenharia de Ontologia são construídas: uma ontologia de domínio com relacionamentos difusos; e uma ontologia crisp de usuário definida como uma instância da ontologia de domínio, porém modelada de forma que permita refletir as preferências de cada usuário para o domínio instanciado. A utilização das ontologias produzidas na Engenharia de Ontologia proporciona um ganho de precisão nos resultados obtidos por aplicações desenvolvidas conforme a abordagem proposta. Para fins de avaliação, a abordagem proposta foi instanciada no domínio de comércio de dispositivos móveis. Seguindo a metodologia experimental, foi conduzida uma experimentação com o objetivo de avaliar o impacto da abordagem na precisão dos resultados fornecidos pelo Sistema de Recomendação. Os resultados evidenciaram que o uso da abordagem proposta colaborou para o incremento da precisão dos resultados. As contribuições deste trabalho incluem: a abordagem para o desenvolvimento de aplicações de recomendação baseadas em conteúdo utilizando ontologia fuzzy específica de domínio e ontologia de preferência de usuário; a definição da metodologia de construção de ontologias fuzzy chamada UPFON; a instanciação de uma ontologia fuzzy no domínio dos dispositivos móveis e a estratégia para capturar as preferências do usuário e propagá-las em uma ontologia crisp de usuário.

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Primo, Tiago Thompsen. "Método de representação de conhecimento baseado em ontologias para apoiar sistemas de recomendação educacionais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/83654.

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A expansão das tecnologias de comunicação e informação apoiadas pela internet trazem benefícios crescentes à sociedade. As redes sociais geolocalizadas, televisores que fazem uso da internet e avançados telefones celulares ganham popularidade em conjunto ao aumento da disponibilidade de acesso à internet. A utilização de tais meios para o compartilhamento de informações possibilita a construção de ambientes ricos em informação e conhecimento. Incorporar tais benefícios a ambientes educacionais, propondo métodos que façam uso da riqueza de informações inerentes a tais domínios, provendo a sugestão de conteúdos educacionais é o foco do presente trabalho. Para isto, é apresentado o arcabouço teórico das áreas de Sistemas de Recomendação, Ontologias, Metadados Educacionais e Web Semântica. Revisar os conceitos e o estado da arte de tais áreas conduz a uma análise crítica das mesmas, bem como, ao conjunto de práticas para a descrição de ontologias, que atuem como núcleo de conhecimento, para aplicações educacionais voltadas a recomendação de objetos de aprendizagem. Em conjunto, é também apresentada uma alternativa para que os desenvolvedores de sistemas educacionais possam repensar a maneira como estes estão sendo desenvolvidos, abrindo possibilidades para a agregação de serviços baseados na web semântica que facilitem integrações, filtros e compartilhamentos de informações. Os resultados obtidos através do método de representação de conhecimento que foi proposto neste trabalho, prevê a descrição de objetos de aprendizagem, perfis de usuários, como indivíduos de ontologias, bem como, perfis de aplicação que possibilitam raciocínio lógico visando auxiliar a sistemas de recomendação, e também uma proposta para a migração dos atuais repositórios de conteúdos educacionais para repositórios compatíveis com triplas, também compõe o presente trabalho.
It is a fact that the expansion of the communication and information technologies supported by the Internet brought growing benefits to the society. Geo-localized social networks, televisions that make use of the Internet and smartphones became popular with the wide spread of the Internet access. Information sharing among those devices took information and knowledge sharing at a new level. Incorporate such benefits to educational environments, especially when dealing with content suggestion it is the main focus of this work. To cope with this, we present a theoretical study over the areas of recommender systems, ontologies, educational metadata and semantic web. The study of such concepts and their following state of the art lead to a critical analyses, as also, to a set of practices to describe ontologies that can act as the knowledge core of learning object recommendation. Parallel to that, it is also presented an alternative for educational systems designers to reconsider the way that they are being developed, allowing the connection of a network of services, based on semantic web techniques, to provide knowledge filtering and sharing. The results present a set of practices that allow the description of learning objects and user profiles as ontology individuals, practices to build application profiles that allow reasoning over them, as also an alternative to migrate the current learning object repositories to a triple store.

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Nekroševičius, Marijonas. "Informacijos valdymo metodų analizė ir sprendimas informacijos paieškai naudojant ontologijas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090304_100547-67948.

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Šiuo metu informacija yra sukaupta paskirstytuose šaltiniuose, kurie kaip saugojimo priemonę naudoja duomenų bazes. Šios bazės yra skirtingų tipų. Vartotojo tikslas yra naudoti keletą nepriklausomų informacijos šaltinių kaip vieną. Dėl savo nepriklausomumo nuo DBVS ir platformos tipo, XML tapo ypatingai naudingas atviroms susisiekiančioms sistemoms, kuomet duomenys apsikeičiami tarp paskirstytų duomenų šaltinių. Šiame darbe pateikiamas ontologijų, kaip dalykinės srities apibrėžimo informacijos paieškai, panaudojimas. Tai leidžia optimizuoti reikiamos informacijos paieškos procesą ir išvengti užklausos rezultatų pertekliškumo.
The main problem in heterogeneous database integration is data incompatibility in different databases. XML is perfect solution in data exchange between different databases as it is independent from OS, applications or hardware. To implement XML in data exchange XML must be created corresponding to the databases. This work propose use of ontologies for information retrieving from heterogenous data bases. Such method let optimize user query to avoid wasted information.

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Bezerra, Val?ria Maria Siqueira. "Aplica??o de ontologias para m?todos de negocia??o de um sistema multiagente para o reconhecimento de padr?es." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17986.

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The use of intelligent agents in multi-classifier systems appeared in order to making the centralized decision process of a multi-classifier system into a distributed, flexible and incremental one. Based on this, the NeurAge (Neural Agents) system (Abreu et al 2004) was proposed. This system has a superior performance to some combination-centered methods (Abreu, Canuto, and Santana 2005). The negotiation is important to the multiagent system performance, but most of negotiations are defined informaly. A way to formalize the negotiation process is using an ontology. In the context of classification tasks, the ontology provides an approach to formalize the concepts and rules that manage the relations between these concepts. This work aims at using ontologies to make a formal description of the negotiation methods of a multi-agent system for classification tasks, more specifically the NeurAge system. Through ontologies, we intend to make the NeurAge system more formal and open, allowing that new agents can be part of such system during the negotiation. In this sense, the NeurAge System will be studied on the basis of its functioning and reaching, mainly, the negotiation methods used by the same ones. After that, some negotiation ontologies found in literature will be studied, and then those that were chosen for this work will be adapted to the negotiation methods used in the NeurAge.
A utiliza??o de agentes inteligentes em sistemas multi-classificadores surgiu devido ? necessidade de tornar o processo de tomada de decis?o de tais sistemas distribu?do, aut?nomo e flex?vel. Baseado nisso, foi proposto o sistema NeurAge (Neural Agents) (Abreu et al 2004). Este sistema possui um desempenho superior a v?rios m?todos de combina??o centralizados (Abreu, Canuto, and Santana 2005). A negocia??o ? importante para o desempenho de um sistema multiagente, por?m a maioria das negocia??es s?o definidas de maneira informal. Um modo de formalizar as negocia??es ? atrav?s do uso de ontologias. Dentro do contexto de classifica??o de padr?es, o uso de ontologias fornece uma abordagem para formalizar os conceitos e regras que governam as rela??es entre esses conceitos. O objetivo deste trabalho ? utilizar ontologias para formalizar os m?todos de negocia??o de um sistema multiagente para reconhecimento de padr?es, mais especificamente o sistema NeurAge. Atrav?s de ontologias, pretende-se deixar o sistema NeurAge mais formal e aberto, permitindo que novos agentes possam fazer parte de tal sistema durante o processo de negocia??o. Para a realiza??o deste objetivo, o Sistema NeurAge ser? estudado com base em seu funcionamento e focalizando, principalmente, os m?todos de negocia??o utilizados pelo mesmo. Na seq??ncia, algumas ontologias para negocia??o encontradas na literatura ser?o estudadas, e ent?o aquelas que foram escolhidas para este trabalho ser?o adaptadas aos m?todos de negocia??o utilizados no NeurAge.

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Paula, Felipe Cordeiro de. "MAS Ontology: uma ontologia de métodos orientados a agentes." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8211.

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Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
A modelagem orientada a agentes surge como paradigma no desenvolvimento de software, haja vista a quantidade de iniciativas e estudos que remetem à utilização de agentes de software como solução para tratar de problemas mais complexos. Apesar da popularidade de utilização de agentes, especialistas esbarram na falta de universalidade de uma metodologia para construção dos Sistemas Multiagentes (MAS), pois estas acabam pecando pelo excesso ou falta de soluções para modelar o problema. Esta dissertação propõe o uso de uma Ontologia sobre Metodologias Multiagentes, seguindo os princípios da Engenharia de Métodos Situacionais que se propõe a usar fragmentos de métodos para construção de metodologias baseados na especificidade do projeto em desenvolvimento. O objetivo do estudo é sedimentar o conhecimento na área de Metodologias Multiagentes, auxiliando o engenheiro de software a escolher a melhor metodologia ou o melhor fragmento de metodologia capaz de modelar um Sistema Multiagentes.
The agent-oriented modeling emerges as a paradigm in software development, considering the amount of initiatives and studies that refer to the use of software agents as a solution to address more complex problems. Despite the popularity of using agents, experts bump in the lack of universality of a methodology for the construction of Multiagent Systems (MAS), as they end up sinning by excess or lack of solutions to model the problem. This thesis proposes the use of an Ontology based in Methodologies for Multi-Agent Systems, following the principles of Situational Method Engineering, which proposes to use fragments of methods for constructing methodologies based on the specificity of the development project. The aim of this work is to consolidate the knowledge in the area of Multiagent Methodologies by helping the software engineering to choose the best methodology or the best fragment method able to model a specific Multiagent System.

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Amado, António Correia de Campos Jordão. "An ontology to support evolvable production systems." Master's thesis, Faculdade de CIências e Tecnologia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/3662.

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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores
Ontologias são cada vez mais um conceito fundamental no suporte à interoperabilidade. Além disso, elas também são fundamentais no suporte aos sistemas evolutivos de produção por duas razões principais. A primeira está relacionada com o facto de a clara identificação e formalização dos processos ser importante para a criação de módulos inteligentes. A segunda razão está relacionada com o facto de os sistemas evolutivos de produção (SEP) serem baseados em sistemas multi-agente que depende em muito, da construção das ontologias de modo a permitir a comunicação entre os agentes pertencentes ao sistema. Os principais conceitos por detrás da ontologia aqui desenvolvida serão os conceitos de processos, tarefas, produto e componentes de manufactura. Esta tese pretende mostrar não só a criação de uma ontologia, mas também de um agente de modo a ser possível a integração da ontologia num sistema multi-agente, no âmbito da manufactura inteligente respondendo às questões envolventes ao paradigma dos sistemas evolutivos de produção. Sabendo que os SEP são baseados em sistemas multi-agente, será também mostrado um agente que irá ter todo o controlo da ontologia e irá pertencer ao sistema de manufactura.

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Yucra, Marisol Solis. "Utilização de ontologias para busca em um sistema colaborativo de imagens arquitetônicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-10032017-131019/.

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A recuperação de informação é ainda um assunto essencial a melhorar nos diferentes tipos de sistemas web. Um tipo de sistema web que é muito utilizado na atualidade, é o sistema colaborativo. Estes sistemas permitem que os usuários estejam mais envolvidos, seja contribuindo com a inserção de textos, imagens ou dados, assim como utilizando etiquetas (tags) para identificar aos elementos existentes no sistema e que serão compartilhados com outros usuários. Nesta dissertação utilizamos um sistema colaborativo de compartilhamento de imagens arquitetônicas, onde os usuários podem inserir títulos e tags livremente para descrever uma imagem. Contudo as tags podem ter um significado ambíguo, resultando em imagens recuperadas que não são relevantes, quando são utilizadas técnicas tradicionais, como por exemplo busca booleana ou por palavra-chave. Além disso, os usuários podem utilizar consultas mais complexas utilizando uma linguagem livre, e utilizando as técnicas mencionadas podem recuperar informação não relevante. Assim, esta pesquisa aborda, a construção de uma ontologia no domínio arquitetônico denominada OntoArq, baseada no vocabulário controlado da USP e no tesauro experimental de arquitetura brasileira, a qual possibilitou fortalecer a relação entre as tags e os conceitos estruturados da ontologia, por meio de uso de hierarquias de classes e relações semânticas existentes entre as classes. A ontologia também ajudou a melhorar a recuperação de documentos para consultas complexas que utilizam uma linguagem livre, por meio da adição de termos arquitetônicos relacionados à consulta original dada pelo usuário. E quando a consulta expandida é utilizada em conjunto com o modelo de espaço vetorial existente no sistema de recuperação, auxilia na recuperação de imagens mais relevantes. A avaliação de nossa abordagem foi realizada através de experimentos que utilizaram os dados do sistema Arquigrafia, dois conjuntos de consultas e medidas de avaliação como precisão, cobertura e medida-F. Os conjuntos eram compostos por 11 consultas dada por especialistas da área de arquitetura e 9 consultas aleatórias extraídas do log de busca do Google Analytics do sistema Arquigrafia, tendo um total de 20 consultas. Para nossos experimentos utilizamos as 20 consultas que pertenciam aos dois conjuntos de consultas mencionados, dentre os quais obtivemos resultados positivos para 16 consultas, considerando um valor de precisão, cobertura e medida-F maior do que 50%, com nossa abordagem. Em comparação a outra abordagem, que usa a técnica de busca boolena, obteve-se 1 consulta com resultado positivo, também considerando precisão, cobertura e medida-F maior do que 50%. Assim, podemos concluir que nossa abordagem obteve melhores resultados. Além disso, pelos resultados obtidos, consideramos que nossa abordagem, ao utilizar uma ontologia, pode ser um inicio de como empregar as ontologias como ferramenta de apoio para dar um maior significado semântico às tags que existem num sistema colaborativo e como as ontologias permitem a adição de termos na consulta, sendo estes termos relacionados a uma área do conhecimento, que para nosso caso, a área da arquitetura. Desta maneira podemos recuperar os documentos associados às imagens, os quais serão mais relevantes para consulta feita pelo usuário.
Information retrieval is an essential issue in different web system that needs to be improved. In recent years, collaborative systems have gained popularity. In this thesis, we use a collaborative system of architectural image sharing, that users can add titles and tags freely to describe an image. However, the tags may have an ambiguous meaning, resulting in recovering images that are not relevant when traditional technics are used, such as Boolean and keyword search. In addition, users usually use natural language in their queries and with the mentioned techniques it is less posible to retrieve relevant information. Our research approach is to construct an ontology for architectural domain, based on the controlled vocabulary of USP and the experimental thesaurus architecture information. The ontology allowed to enhance the relationship between tags and structured concepts of ontology, improving the information retrieval through the expanded terms. And when the expanded query is used in conjunction with the vector space model in the recovery system, it helps retrieve more relevant images. The evaluation of our approach was carried out through experiments that used data of Arquigrafia system, two sets of queries were created and metrics like precision, coverage and measure-F were used. The sets consisted of 11 queries given by architecture experts and 9 random queries extracted from Google Analytics logs of the Arquigrafia system, taking a total of 20 queries. In our experiments we used the 20 queries from the two sets, among which we obtained positive results for 16 queries, considering precision, coverage and F-measure values greater than 50%, applying our approach. In comparison to another approach, which uses the Boolean search technique, we obtained 1 query with positive result, also considering the same metrics with values greater than 50%. Thus, we can conclude that our approach has achieved better results. In addition, from the results obtained, we consider that our approach using an ontology can be a beginning of how to use ontologies as a support tool to give a greater semantic meaning to tags that exist in a collaborative system, and how Ontologies allow the addition of semantic terms in queries, like terms related to a knowledge area, in our case the area of architecture. In this way we can retrieve documents associated with images, which will be more relevant to the user\'s query.

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Medeiros, Wilma Maria da Costa. "SISOnt: sistema de informa??o em sa?de baseado em ontologias." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15301.

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The sharing of knowledge and integration of data is one of the biggest challenges in health and essential contribution to improve the quality of health care. Since the same person receives care in various health facilities throughout his/her live, that information is distributed in different information systems which run on platforms of heterogeneous hardware and software. This paper proposes a System of Health Information Based on Ontologies (SISOnt) for knowledge sharing and integration of data on health, which allows to infer new information from the heterogeneous databases and knowledge base. For this purpose it was created three ontologies represented by the patterns and concepts proposed by the Semantic Web. The first ontology provides a representation of the concepts of diseases Secretariat of Health Surveillance (SVS) and the others are related to the representation of the concepts of databases of Health Information Systems (SIS), specifically the Information System of Notification of Diseases (SINAN) and the Information System on Mortality (SIM)
O compartilhamento de conhecimentos e integra??o de dados ? um dos maiores desafios da ?rea da sa?de e essencial para contribui??o de melhoria da qualidade da assist?ncia em sa?de. Uma vez que a mesma pessoa recebe atendimento em diversas institui??es de sa?de ao longo de sua vida, suas informa??es ficam distribu?das em diferentes sistemas de informa??o que s?o executados em plataformas de hardware e software heterog?neas. Este trabalho prop?e um Sistema de Informa??o em Sa?de Baseado em Ontologias (SISOnt) para compartilhamento de conhecimento e integra??o de dados em sa?de, que permite inferir novas informa??es a partir de bases de dados e da base de conhecimento. Para esse fim foram criadas tr?s ontologias representadas atrav?s dos padr?es e conceitos propostos pela Web Sem?ntica. A primeira ontologia prov? a representa??o dos conceitos de agravos da Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de (SVS) e as demais est?o relacionadas ? representa??o dos conceitos das bases de dados dos Sistemas de Informa??o em Sa?de (SIS), especificamente do Sistema de Informa??o de Agravos de Notifica??o (SINAN) e do Sistema de Informa??es sobre Mortalidade (SIM)

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Manhães, Alfredo Luiz Pessanha. "Uso de ontologias e XMI como instrumento de modelagem para zoneamento urbano." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8249.

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O uso de sistemas computacionais para armazenamento, tratamento de dados e produção de informação, disseminou-se de maneira crescente nos últimos anos, e neste cenário estão incluídos os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas, os SIGs. A utilização de informação geográfica com acesso por computador é hoje a realidade de ambientes corporativos, entidades governamentais, escolas e residências. Esta dissertação apresenta uma proposta de modelagem de elementos de zoneamento urbano, baseada em uma ontologia de domínio. Ontologias são representadas como classes e atributos de um dado domínio. Na proposta apresentada, estas classes são exportadas para o formato XMI, resguardando as definições de classes, atributos e relacionamentos do domínio analisado e compondo um repositório de classes, permitindo, teoricamente, sua reutilização. Como exemplo da proposta, foi construída uma ontologia do Zoneamento Urbano do município de Macaé-RJ, seguindo a proposta do Plano Diretor Municipal, usando o editor Protégé. A ontologia construída foi exportada para o formato XMI, sendo a seguir criado um diagrama de classes, obtido através da importação das classes pelo software para modelagem de sistemas baseados no paradigma da OO, ArgoUML. Tal importação permite que a ontologia construída fique disponível na forma de um pacote de classes, que pode ser utilizado por aplicações que se baseiem no paradigma da OO para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação. Como forma de mostrar a utilização destas classes foi desenvolvido um protótipo utilizando o software ALOV Map, que oferece a visualização destas classes, na Web, como mapas temáticos.
The use of computational systems for storage, data handling and production of information, was spread in recent years in increasing way, and in this scene the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are enclosed. The use of geographic information accessed by computers is today the reality of corporative environments, governmental entities, schools, residences etc. This dissertation presents an urban zoning modeling proposal, based on domain ontologies. Ontologies are represented as classes and attributes for a certain domain. On this proposal, ontology classes are exported to XMI format, that maintains the definitions of classes, attributes e relationships of the domain analyzed, compounding a classes repository, allowing in theory, your reuse. As an exemplification of the proposal, was build an ontology with Protégé software, about the urban zoning of Macaé city, following the determinations of Municipal Director Plain. The ontology was exported to XMI format and imported by a CASE modeling tool based on Oriented Object (OO) paradigm, the ArgoUML that was used to create a classes diagram. This way, the urban zone ontology is disposal as a classes package, and it can be used by applications based on OO paradigm, allowing developers to build information systems. To showing a utilization of these classes, was developed a prototype with ALOV Map software that offers a visualization of classes, on the web, as thematic maps.

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Prado, Simone das Graças Domingues. "Um experimento no uso de ontologias para reforço da aprendizagem em educação à distância." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-08062005-160610/.

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Este trabalho apresenta uma arquitetura para fornecer, de forma automática, o reforço de aprendizagem após a aplicação de uma avaliação objetiva dentro de um ambiente de Educação à Distância. Para o desenvolvimento da arquitetura foram usadas tecnologias das áreas de Ontologia e Agentes. A área de Ontologia contribuiu com a construção de materiais de aprendizagem modelados ontologicamente e a construção de ontologias de domínio das disciplinas de Estruturas de Dados I e Análise e Desenvolvimento de Algoritmos I, ministradas nos cursos de Bacharelado em Ciência da Computação e Bacharelado em Sistemas de Informação oferecidos pelo Departamento de Computação da Faculdade de Ciências da UNESP campus de Bauru - SP. A área de Agentes traz, ao ambiente, agentes de busca capazes de fazer indicações de reforço do conteúdo. A arquitetura foi implementada usando o ambiente de Educação à Distância VirtualCurso, desenvolvido originalmente pelo Laboratório de Tecnologia de Informação Aplicada (LTIA) da UNESP campus de Bauru - SP. A implementação recebeu o nome de VCurso+. Realizou-se alguns testes com o sistema para verificar se o reforço obteve o efeito esperado na aprendizagem do aluno.
This work presents an architecture to support automatically the apprentices reinforcing on environment of Distance Education. In order to develop this architecture technologies from the areas of Ontology & Agents have been used. The Ontology domain has contributed with the building of apprentices materials and the construction of domain ontologies for the disciplines of Data Structures I and Analysis & Development of Algorithms I, taught on bachelor's degree of Computer Science and bachelor's degree in Information Systems courses offered at the Computer Science Department of UNESP campus of Bauru SP. The Agents domain has inspered the creation of search agents capable of making indications of content reinforcing. The proposed architecture was implemented in the VirtualCurso enviroment, developped originally at Laboratory of Technology of Information Applied (LTIA) from UNESP campus of Bauru SP and it was called VCurso +. Some tests have been made with the system to verify whether the reinforcing learning proposed by architecture has had the expected effect on the apprentices learning.

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Abdalla, Gabriel. "Establishment of an ontology for Systems-of-Systems." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-10112017-160820/.

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Systems-of-Systems (SoS) represent an emerging research field in the Software Engineering area. In particular, SoS refer to systems that make possible the interoperability of distributed, complex systems, cooperating among them to reach a common mission. Several SoS have already been developed and used, but there is no consensus about diverse terms and concepts in this field, what can make difficult the communication among different stakeholders involved in the development and evolution of SoS, besides lacking of a standardization and common understanding among researchers and practitioners. This Masters project established OntoSoS, an ontology to formalize terms and concepts in the SoS field, expliciting and allowing sharing and reuse of knowledge contained in such ontology. As a result, this project intends to contribute to the field of SoS, also supporting activities related to SoS Engineering. It is also expected that this ontology can serve as a learning material in courses related to SoS.
Sistemas-de-Sistemas (do inglês, Systems-of-Systems ou simplesmente SoS) representam um campo emergente de pesquisa na Engenharia de Software. Em particular, SoS referem-se a sistemas que possibilitam a interoperabilidade de sistemas complexos, distribuídos, cooperando entre si para atingir uma missão comum. Diversos SoS têm sido desenvolvidos e utilizados, mas não há um consenso sobre os diversos termos e conceitos nesse campo, o que pode dificultar a comunicação entre os diferentes interessados envolvidos no desenvolvimento e evolução dos SoS, além da falta de padronização e entendimento comum entre pesquisadores e profissionais. Este projeto de Mestrado estabeleceu a OntoSoS, uma ontologia para formalizar termos e conceitos no campo de SoS, explicitando e permitindo o compartilhamento e reúso do conhecimento contido na ontologia. Como resultado, este projeto pretende contribuir para o campo de SoS, auxiliando também nas atividades relacionadas à Engenharia de SoS. É também esperado que essa ontologia possa servir como um material de ensino em cursos relacionados à Engenharia de SoS.

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Weinert, Luciana Vieira Castilho. "Ontologias e técnicas de inteligência artificial aplicadas ao diagnóstico em fisioterapia neuropediátrica." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2010. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1331.

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Esta tese propõe uma metodologia baseada em Ontologias e técnicas de Inteligência Artificial para apoio ao diagnóstico e ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Fisioterapia Neuropediátrica. Nesta área são escassas as medidas objetivas que permitam quantificar o diagnóstico e a evolução de um paciente. O diagnóstico é limitado a informar em quais meses do desenvolvimento motor normal um paciente pode ser classificado, baseando-se na experiência subjetiva do fisioterapeuta. Neste trabalho foram utilizados métodos formais para a aquisição e representação do conhecimento de especialistas da área. Conflitos de opiniões foram tratados sistematicamente e o conhecimento foi representado por uma Ontologia. Esta gerou um conjunto de regras de classificação a partir do qual três abordagens foram desenvolvidas: um sistema especialista crisp, um fuzzy e um baseado em modelos determinísticos. O primeiro teve um desempenho não condizente com a realidade do problema. O segundo se mostrou também inadequado. A abordagem com modelos determinísticos se mostrou adequada para classificar um paciente com diferentes graus de pertinência a múltiplos meses do desenvolvimento motor. Os resultados utilizando esta metodologia sugerem que o mesmo é capaz de simular objetivamente o diagnóstico fornecido por especialistas ao analisarem casos reais, em 90% dos casos. Uma extensão do trabalho foi a utilização da Ontologia em uma ferramenta de suporte ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem deste conteúdo em Fisioterapia. Esta abordagem mostrou resultados satisfatórios, tendo sido utilizada tanto por profissionais quanto por alunos, mostrando o seu potencial como recurso multimídia de ensino. 85% dos profissionais entrevistados concordaram fortemente sobre o potencial da ontologia para se tornar uma nova forma de contribuição ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem deste conteúdo. As principais contribuições desta tese são: a gestão eficiente do conhecimento em um domínio cuja característica é a fraca sistematização e a subjetividade; metodologias para apoio à quantificação do diagnóstico do paciente neuropediátrico; e o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para suporte ao ensino baseado em uma Ontologia.
This thesis proposes a new methodology based on ontologies and artificial intelligence techniques to support the diagnosis and the teaching-learning process in neuropediatric physiotherapy. In this area, standardized and objective measurements to quantify the diagnosis are difficultly found. The diagnosis is limited to inform in which months of the normal motor development a patient can be classified, based upon only on the subjective experience of the physiotherapist. In this work formal methods for knowledge acquisition and representations were used. Possible divergences of opinions between experts were systematically treated, and the acquired knowledge was represented as an ontology. Such ontology generated a set of classification rules from which three different approaches for diagnosis were developed: a crisp expert system, a fuzzy system, and another approach based on deterministic models. The crisp expert system did not accomplish to the problem. The fuzzy approach was not adequate too. The last approach was shown to be adequate for classifying a given patient with different degrees of membership to several months of the motor development. Results using this methodology suggested that it is capable of simulating objectively the diagnosis from human experts when analyzing real-world cases, in 90% of the cases. An extension of this work is the use of the developed ontology in a tool to support the teaching-learning process of neuropediatric physiotherapy. Such approach revealed fairly satisfactory. It was tested by professionals and students, and both found it promising as a multimedia educational resource. 85% strongly agreed about the ontology potential to be used as a tool for teaching-learning process. Overall, the main contributions of this thesis are: efficient knowledge management in a domain with weak standardization and high subjectivity of expert knowledge; methodologies for supporting the quantification of the diagnosis of a neuropediatric patient; and the development of an ontology-based multimedia tool for educational purposes.

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Amorim, Marta Talitha Carvalho Freire de. "Um sistema inteligente baseado em ontologia para apoio ao esclarecimento de dúvida." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6421.

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When people want to learn a concept, the most common way is to use a search engine like: Google, Yahoo, Bing, among others. A natural language query is submitted to a search tool and which returns a lot of pages related to the concept studied. Usually the returned pages are listed and organized mainly based on the combination of keywords instead of using the interpretation and relevance of the terms found. The user must have read a lot of pages and selects the most appropriate to his needs. This kind of behavior takes time and focus on user-learner is dispersed to his goal. The use of intelligent systems that support the clarification of doubt has intent to solve this problem, presenting the most accurate answers to questions or sentences in natural language. Examples clarification of doubt systems are: question-answer system, help-desk intelligent among others. This work uses an architectural approach to a question answering system based on three steps: question analysis, selection and extraction of the answer and answer generation. One of the merits of this architecture is to use techniques that complement each other, such as ontologies, information retrieval techniques and a knowledge base written in AIML language to extract the answer quickly. The focus of this work is to answer questions WH-question (What, Who, When, Where, What, Who) of the English language
Quando as pessoas querem aprender algum conceito, a forma mais comum é usar uma ferramenta de pesquisa, como: Google, Yahoo, Bing, dentre outros. Uma consulta em linguagem natural é submetida para uma ferramenta e a pesquisa retorna uma grande quantidade de páginas relacionadas ao conceito pesquisado. Geralmente as páginas retornadas são listadas e organizadas principalmente baseando-se na combinação de palavras chaves ao invés de utilizar a interpretação e a relevância dos termos consultados. O usuário terá que ler uma grande quantidade de páginas e selecionar a mais apropriada a sua necessidade. Esse tipo de comportamento consome tempo e o foco do usuário-aprendiz é disperso do seu objetivo. A utilização de um sistema inteligente que apoie o esclarecimento de dúvidas pretende resolver esse problema, apresentando as respostas mais precisas ou frases para as perguntas em linguagem natural. Exemplos de sistemas de esclarecimento de dúvidas são: sistema de pergunta-resposta, help-desk inteligentes, entre outros. Este trabalho utiliza uma abordagem arquitetônica para um sistema de pergunta-resposta baseado em três passos: análise da pergunta, seleção e extração da resposta e geração da resposta. Um dos méritos dessa arquitetura é utilizar técnicas que se complementam, tais como: ontologias, técnicas de recuperação de informação e uma base de conhecimento escrita em linguagem AIML para extrair a resposta de forma rápida. O foco deste trabalho é responder perguntas WH-question (O que, Quem, Quando, Onde, Quais, Quem) da língua inglesa

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Almeida, Reinaldo de Figueirêdo. "Análise de domínio na aquisição de conhecimentos: ontologias para sistemas computacionais." Faculdade de Educação, 2017. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/22595.

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A partir do alinhamento entre as Semióticas desenvolvidas pelos filósofos e pensadores, Charles Sanders Peirce, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, e da atualização teórica para a atividade de Análise de Domínio, baseada nos pressupostos defendidos pelos pesquisadores da Royal School of Library and Information Science, da Dinamarca, com destaque para Birger Hjørland e Torkild Thellefsen, esta Tese disserta sobre os aspectos de cognição a serem observados para determinar o significado num universo do discurso referente a fatos de um domínio, com o objetivo de aumentar o grau de aproximação entre as realidades, dos fatos, entendida e significada. Deste modo, é feito um aprofundamento no processo de aquisição do conhecimento, com a crítica à abordagem atomista e estruturalista, na qual, termos e relações do universo de discurso são especificados a partir de uma relação direta entre signo e significado, de uma concepção onde a expressão supera o conteúdo, e a dimensão espaço prevalece sobre a dimensão tempo no processo de significância. O ambiente de estudo usado é aquele referente às ontologias computacionais, bases de conhecimentos apoiadas sobre redes semânticas e semióticas de frames, concentrado nas fases que vão do entendimento da realidade de um domínio até aquela onde a significância dos termos e relações é tratada a fim de se obter os seus respectivos significados. A pesquisa, na sua fase experimental, dentro do referencial proposto, analisou as etapas de desenvolvimento da ontologia EDXL-RESCUER, contrapondo as hipóteses tratadas na Tese e o processo de desenvolvimento da ontologia, tendo como resultados, uma abordagem crítica e uma fundamentação teórica correspondente, complementada por uma metodologia para Análise de Domínio capaz de atuar numa dimensão pós-estruturalista. O método de pesquisa aplicado é qualitativo, exploratório, envolvendo atualização do estado da arte para os conceitos apresentados, a partir da análise de um projeto de construção de ontologia.
ABSTRACT From the alignment between the Semiotics developed by the philosophers, Charles Sanders Peirce, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, and the theoretical update for the Domain Analysis activity, based on the assumptions defended by the researchers of the Royal School of Library and Information Science, from Denmark, notably Birger Hjørland and Torkild Thellefsen, this thesis discusses the aspects of cognition to be observed to determine the signified in a universe of discourse concerning at facts of a domain, with the aim of increasing the degree of approximation between the realities, of the facts, understood and signified. In this way, a deepening of the process of knowledge acquisition is made, with the criticism at the atomist and structuralist approach, in which terms and relations of the universe of discourse are specified from a direct relation between sign and signified, a conception where the expression exceeds the content, and the space dimension prevails over the time dimension in the process of significance. The study environment used is that referring to computational ontologies, knowledge bases supported on semantic networks and semiotic frames, focused on the phases that go from the understanding of the reality of a domain to that where the significance of terms and relations is treated in order to obtain their respective signified. The research, in its experimental phase, within the proposed reference, analyzed the stages of development of the EDXL-RESCUER ontology, opposing the hypotheses treated in the thesis and the process of development of the ontology, resulting in a critical approach and a corresponding theoretical foundation, complemented by a methodology for Domain Analysis capable of acting in a post-structuralist dimension. The applied research method is qualitative, exploratory, involving updating the state of the art to the presented concepts, from the analysis of an ontology construction project

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Ramalho, Rogério Aparecido Sá. "Desenvolvimento e utilização de ontologias em bibliotecas digitais : uma proposta de aplicação /." Marília : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103376.

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Orientador: Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita
Banca: Maria Luiza de Almeida Campos
Banca: Isidoro Gil Leiva
Banca: José Augusto Chaves Guimarães
Banca: Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa Santos
Resumo: Ao longo dos últimos anos, a crescente utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) tem impulsionado uma nova gama de necessidades informacionais. Os ambientes digitais favorecem a transposição dos limites convencionais de representação e disseminação do conhecimento registrado, incorporando novos elementos aos processos de produção, organização e recuperação de informações. Considerando as ontologias como uma nova e instigante categoria de sistemas de representação do conhecimento, buscou-se, a partir de um diálogo interdisciplinar, fundamentos que possibilitem analisar as aproximações desta nova abordagem computacional com os instrumentos e métodos tradicionalmente utilizados no área disciplinar de Organização do Conhecimento, investigando em que medida a área de Ciência da Informação pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de ontologias e analisando os reflexos de sua utilização em bibliotecas digitais. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo das principais teorias e tecnologias relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de ontologias e bibliotecas digitais, contextualizando-as a partir do corpus teórico da área de Ciência da Informação. Deste modo, foi desenvolvida a Ontologia de Informações Referencias (OIR) e um protótipo de Biblioteca Digital baseado em ontologias, denominado como BibliOntO, com o objetivo de analisar a aplicabilidade de ontologias em bibliotecas digitais. Como resultados, verificou-se que as ontologias possibilitam o desenvolvimento de novos tipos de serviços de informação e melhorias nos processos de representação, organização e recuperação de informações em ambientes digitais. Constatou-se também que sua aplicação em bibliotecas digitais representa uma interessante alternativa, contribuindo para um... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Throughout the last years, the increasing use of Technologies of Information and Communication (TICs) have stimulated a new gamma of informational necessities. The digital environments favor the transposition of the conventional limits of representation and dissemination of the registered knowledge, incorporating new elements to the processes of production, organization and recovery of information. Considering the ontologies as a new and riveting category of systems of representation of knowledge, we searched, starting from a interdisciplinary dialogue, bases that allow to analyze the approaches of this new computational approach with the instruments and methods traditionally used in the area of Knowledge Organization, investigating in what scale the area of Information Science can contribute to the development of ontologies and analyzing the consequences of its use in digital libraries. Therefore, a study of the main theories and technologies related to the development of ontologies and digital libraries was carried through, contextualized in the theoretical framework of the area of Information Science. In this way, the Ontology of Referential Informations (OIR) and a prototype of a Digital Library based on ontologies, called BibliOntO, was developed with the objective of analyzing the applicability of ontologies in digital libraries. As results, it was verified that the ontologies allow the development of new types of information services and improvements in the processes of representation, organization and recovery of information in digital environments. It was also evidenced that its application in digital libraries represents an interesting alternative, contributing for an adjusted attendance of the informational necessities of the users, in a way that the ontologies consist as a new... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Ramalho, Rogério Aparecido Sá [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento e utilização de ontologias em bibliotecas digitais: uma proposta de aplicação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103376.

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Ao longo dos últimos anos, a crescente utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) tem impulsionado uma nova gama de necessidades informacionais. Os ambientes digitais favorecem a transposição dos limites convencionais de representação e disseminação do conhecimento registrado, incorporando novos elementos aos processos de produção, organização e recuperação de informações. Considerando as ontologias como uma nova e instigante categoria de sistemas de representação do conhecimento, buscou-se, a partir de um diálogo interdisciplinar, fundamentos que possibilitem analisar as aproximações desta nova abordagem computacional com os instrumentos e métodos tradicionalmente utilizados no área disciplinar de Organização do Conhecimento, investigando em que medida a área de Ciência da Informação pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de ontologias e analisando os reflexos de sua utilização em bibliotecas digitais. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo das principais teorias e tecnologias relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de ontologias e bibliotecas digitais, contextualizando-as a partir do corpus teórico da área de Ciência da Informação. Deste modo, foi desenvolvida a Ontologia de Informações Referencias (OIR) e um protótipo de Biblioteca Digital baseado em ontologias, denominado como BibliOntO, com o objetivo de analisar a aplicabilidade de ontologias em bibliotecas digitais. Como resultados, verificou-se que as ontologias possibilitam o desenvolvimento de novos tipos de serviços de informação e melhorias nos processos de representação, organização e recuperação de informações em ambientes digitais. Constatou-se também que sua aplicação em bibliotecas digitais representa uma interessante alternativa, contribuindo para um...
Throughout the last years, the increasing use of Technologies of Information and Communication (TICs) have stimulated a new gamma of informational necessities. The digital environments favor the transposition of the conventional limits of representation and dissemination of the registered knowledge, incorporating new elements to the processes of production, organization and recovery of information. Considering the ontologies as a new and riveting category of systems of representation of knowledge, we searched, starting from a interdisciplinary dialogue, bases that allow to analyze the approaches of this new computational approach with the instruments and methods traditionally used in the area of Knowledge Organization, investigating in what scale the area of Information Science can contribute to the development of ontologies and analyzing the consequences of its use in digital libraries. Therefore, a study of the main theories and technologies related to the development of ontologies and digital libraries was carried through, contextualized in the theoretical framework of the area of Information Science. In this way, the Ontology of Referential Informations (OIR) and a prototype of a Digital Library based on ontologies, called BibliOntO, was developed with the objective of analyzing the applicability of ontologies in digital libraries. As results, it was verified that the ontologies allow the development of new types of information services and improvements in the processes of representation, organization and recovery of information in digital environments. It was also evidenced that its application in digital libraries represents an interesting alternative, contributing for an adjusted attendance of the informational necessities of the users, in a way that the ontologies consist as a new... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Silva, Thiago Regal da. "Proposta de ontologia para integração de sistemas de manutenção inteligentes e cadeias de suprimento de peças de reposição." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/127785.

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A competição global e a necessidade de otimização dos sistemas de produção e logística têm levado à necessidade de sistemas de manutenção mais eficientes. A habilidade de prever a ocorrência de falhas, através de Sistemas de Manutenção Inteligentes (Intelligent Maintenance Systems - IMS), pode evitar paradas não programadas e constituir uma grande vantagem competitiva. Além disso, um planejamento de demanda mais preciso em Cadeias de Suprimento de Peças de Reposição (Spare Parts Supply Chain - SPSC) resulta na disponibilidade de peças e serviços quando eles são necessários no chão de fábrica, evitando interrupções na produção. Uma integração adequada de ambos domínios é de grande importância neste contexto. Alguns dos desafios relativos a esta integração vêm das diferenças semânticas entre as áreas com diferentes vocabulários e conceitos. Este trabalho pretende propor uma modelagem semântica dos domínios através da criação de uma ontologia, provendo um vocabulário comum e uma integração semântica apropriada entre as áreas, como base para a construção futura de sistemas de informação para integrar IMS e SPSC.
Global competition and the need for logistic and production systems optimization has been leading to the need of more eficiente maintenance systems. Ability to forecast failures, through Intelligent Maintenance Systems (IMS), can avoid breakdowns and be a competitive advantage. Moreover, a more precise demand planning in Spare Parts Supply Chains (SPSC) results in the availability of parts and services when they are needed at shop floor, avoiding production interruptions. A proper integration of both domains is of utmost importance in this context. Some of the challenges related to this integration come from the semantic differences between areas with such a diversity of vocabulary and concepts. This work intends to propose a semantic modelling through the creation of an ontology, providing a common vocabulary and proper semantic integration, as basis for a future implementation of an integration information system between IMS and SPSC.

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SANTOS, Luís Eduardo. "Uma técnica e ferramenta orientadas por objetivos para a construção de ontologias de aplicação." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2013. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1833.

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Application ontologies are knowledge representation structures capable of expressing a set of entities from a given domain, their relationships and axioms and has been used by modern Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) in decision-making. Building application ontologies require a clear understanding of the goals of the KBS under development. Provide support for the formalization of these goals in an application ontology is the fundamental idea of GAODT. GAODT, the main contribution of this work, is a goal-oriented technique for building application ontologies. To provide support to its application a software tool named GAODTool was developed and used in an evaluation that consisted in building “InheritanceLaw”, an application ontology to support decision making in the domain of Intestate Succession, branch of law that governs the transfer of properties from someone after his death.
As ontologias de aplicação são estruturas de representação de conhecimento capazes de expressar um conjunto de entidades de um dado domínio, seus relacionamentos e axiomas, sendo utilizadas pelos modernos Sistemas Baseados em Conhecimento (SBC) no processo de tomada de decisões. Construir ontologias de aplicação exige o claro entendimento dos objetivos que o SBC pretende alcançar. Prover suporte sistematizado a formalização desses objetivos em uma ontologia de aplicação é a ideia fundamental da GAODT. Proposta nesse trabalho, a GAODT é uma técnica orientada por objetivos para a construção de ontologias de aplicação. Para prover suporte a sua aplicação foi desenvolvida a ferramenta de software GAODTool, utilizada na avaliação da GAODT através de um estudo de caso na construção da “InheritanceLaw”, uma ontologia de aplicação para apoio a tomada de decisões no domínio da Sucessão Legítima, ramo do direito que governa a transferência do patrimônio de alguém, depois de sua morte, em virtude de lei.

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Lindoso, Alisson Neres. "UMA METODOLOGIA BASEADA EM ONTOLOGIAS PARA A ENGENHARIA DE APLICAÇÕES MULTIAGENTE." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2006. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/336.

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The increasing demand of software applications constructed conciliating productivity, low cost and high quality, even in complex and changeable domains, turns necessary the elaboration of techniques and methodologies focusing on development paradigms more suitable for approaching these conflicting features, like the multiagent one. On the other hand, the sotware reuse process promotes the creation of new applications employing reusable software artifacts previously developed. This work introduces MAAEM, an ontology-driven methodology for analysis, design and implementation of multi-agent applications through the reuse of models and components that represent the requirements of a family of applications in a domain as well as the corresponding agent-oriented solutions to these ones. ONTORMAS, an ontology whose instantiation is useful for modeling and representing specific applications developed with MAAEM methodology, is also presented. Two case studies elaborated in order to evaluate the methodology and ontology are also described, exploring the cases with and without reuse, respectively, in the touristic and juridical domains.
A crescente demanda por aplicações de software cuja construção concilie produtividade, baixo custo e alta qualidade, mesmo em domínios complexos e mutáveis, torna necessária a elaboração de técnicas e metodologias que foquem paradigmas de desenvolvimento mais adequados para abordar aquelas características conflitantes, tal como o paradigma multiagente. Por outro lado, o processo de reutilização de software permite promover a criação de novas aplicações empregando artefatos de software reutilizáveis previamente desenvolvidos. Esse trabalho introduz a MAAEM, uma metodologia baseada em ontologias para a análise, o projeto e a implementação de aplicações multiagente através do reuso de modelos e componentes que representam os requisitos de uma família de aplicações em um domínio, assim como as correspondentes soluções orientadas a agentes para tais requisitos. É também apresentada a ONTORMAS, uma ontologia cuja instanciação é útil para modelar e representar aplicações específicas desenvolvidas com a metodologia MAAEM. São descritos ainda dois estudos de caso elaborados no sentido de avaliar a metodologia e a ontologia, explorando os casos com e sem reuso, respectivamente, nos domínios turístico e jurídico.

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Suarez, John Freddy Garavito. "Ontologias e DSLs na geração de sistemas de apoio à decisão, caso de estudo SustenAgro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-26072017-113829/.

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Os Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão (SAD) organizam e processam dados e informações para gerar resultados que apoiem a tomada de decisão em um domínio especifico. Eles integram conhecimento de especialistas de domínio em cada um de seus componentes: modelos, dados, operações matemáticas (que processam os dados) e resultado de análises. Nas metodologias de desenvolvimento tradicionais, esse conhecimento deve ser interpretado e usado por desenvolvedores de software para implementar os SADs. Isso porque especialistas de domínio não conseguem formalizar esse conhecimento em um modelo computável que possa ser integrado aos SADs. O processo de modelagem de conhecimento é realizado, na prática, pelos desenvolvedores, parcializando o conhecimento do domínio e dificultando o desenvolvimento ágil dos SADs (já que os especialistas não modificam o código diretamente). Para solucionar esse problema, propõe-se um método e ferramenta web que usa ontologias, na Web Ontology Language (OWL), para representar o conhecimento de especialistas, e uma Domain Specific Language (DSL), para modelar o comportamento dos SADs. Ontologias, em OWL, são uma representação de conhecimento computável, que permite definir SADs em um formato entendível e accessível a humanos e máquinas. Esse método foi usado para criar o Framework Decisioner para a instanciação de SADs. O Decisioner gera automaticamente SADs a partir de uma ontologia e uma descrição naDSL, incluindo a interface do SAD (usando uma biblioteca de Web Components). Um editor online de ontologias, que usa um formato simplificado, permite que especialistas de domínio possam modificar aspectos da ontologia e imediatamente ver as consequência de suasmudanças no SAD.Uma validação desse método foi realizada, por meio da instanciação do SAD SustenAgro no Framework Decisioner. O SAD SustenAgro avalia a sustentabilidade de sistemas produtivos de cana-de-açúcar na região centro-sul do Brasil. Avaliações, conduzidas por especialistas em sustentabilidade da Embrapa Meio ambiente (parceiros neste projeto), mostraram que especialistas são capazes de alterar a ontologia e DSL usadas, sem a ajuda de programadores, e que o sistema produz análises de sustentabilidade corretas.
Decision Support Systems (DSSs) organize and process data and information to generate results to support decision making in a specific domain. They integrate knowledge from domain experts in each of their components: models, data, mathematical operations (that process the data) and analysis results. In traditional development methodologies, this knowledge must be interpreted and used by software developers to implement DSSs. That is because domain experts cannot formalize this knowledge in a computable model that can be integrated into DSSs. The knowledge modeling process is carried out, in practice, by the developers, biasing domain knowledge and hindering the agile development of DSSs (as domain experts cannot modify code directly). To solve this problem, a method and web tool is proposed that uses ontologies, in the Web Ontology Language (OWL), to represent experts knowledge, and a Domain Specific Language (DSL), to model DSS behavior. Ontologies, in OWL, are a computable knowledge representations, which allow the definition of DSSs in a format understandable and accessible to humans and machines. This method was used to create the Decisioner Framework for the instantiation of DSSs. Decisioner automatically generates DSSs from an ontology and a description in its DSL, including the DSS interface (using a Web Components library). An online ontology editor, using a simplified format, allows that domain experts change the ontology and immediately see the consequences of their changes in the in the DSS. A validation of this method was done through the instantiation of the SustenAgro DSS, using the Decisioner Framework. The SustenAgro DSS evaluates the sustainability of sugarcane production systems in the center-south region of Brazil. Evaluations, done by by sustainability experts from Embrapa Environment (partners in this project), showed that domain experts are capable of changing the ontology and DSL program used, without the help of software developers, and that the system produced correct sustainability analysis.

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