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Статті в журналах з теми "Oil collection point"
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Hasibuan, Chalis Fajri. "The Instensity Measurement And Noise Mapping in Fatty Acid Plant Area At PT. XYZ." Simetrikal: Journal of Engineering and Technology 2, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jet.v2i1.3556.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PT. XYZ is a factory engaged in processing of palm oil derivatives in producing a fatty acid. The machines used in the processing process at PT. Permata Hijau Palm Oleo KIM II Mabar generate the noise. This research aimed to find out the existing noise level and noise mapping, also the proposal of noise control on the production floor. Then, the data collection method conducted through observation using the equivalent noise level (Leq) method and noise mapping was through surfer 14. The data collection conducted in 16 points on the production floor. Furthermore, the result and noise distribution pattern showed that the high noise level was in several points, those were point 5 (85.77); point 6 (86.82); point 7 (86.33), point 8 (88.18); point 10 (86.96); point 13 (86.85); point 14 (87.67). The allowed threshold value refers to the Decree of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No.Per.13/MEN/X/2011 is 85 dB. Thus, the company needs to perform noise control such as barrier usage, regularly and scheduled machine maintenance to prevent and decrease the effect of the noise
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Yan, Bai Quan, Xiao Lei Tian, Hong Qing Kang, and Long Wang. "Spatial Distribution of Thin Interbeds in Point Bars of Meadering Channels: Case Study of Block X in Daqing Oilfield." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.199.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reservoirs in point bars of meandering channels account for a high proportion in oil and gas reservoirs, with much impact of complicated architecture on remaining oil accumulation and distribution. Thus study on inner architecture of point bars and its impact on remaining oil distribution are important. This paper selects Unit III in Block A in Daqing Oilfield with data in filled well patterns and cores to study inner architecture of subsurface single sand bodies, and analyzes 3D structural features of meandering point bars in Xingbei deltaic plain in Daqing Placanticline. Architecture parameters of lateral accretion shale interbeds are: eastward dip averagely 7°, the upper, middle and lower dip in same accretion face are respectively 10°, 7° and 3°, the width is 15-42m. They are vertically imbricated series and areally corner points of abandoned channels on both sides of meandering rings as track collection intersections, and progressive and curvature reducing arc sets with abandoned channels of meandering rings as outer boundary. This pattern provides geologic basis for successive study on remaining oil.
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Jarret, Robert L., Irvin J. Levy, Thomas L. Potter, Steven C. Cermak, and Laura C. Merrick. "Seed oil content and fatty acid composition in a genebank collection of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne and C. argyrosperma C. Huber." Plant Genetic Resources 11, no. 2 (January 7, 2013): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262112000512.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Data on intra-specific variability for seed oil content, physical characteristics and fatty acid composition in Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita argyrosperma are lacking in the scientific literature. We examined 528 genebank accessions of C. moschata and 166 accessions of C. argyrosperma – which included members of both subsp. argyrosperma and subsp. sororia – for seed oil content, oil physical characteristics and fatty acid composition. The oil of both species had near-identical viscosities, viscosity indices, colour and oxidative stabilities while the oil of C. argyrosperma had a slightly higher pour point, cloud point, percentage of free fatty acids and acid value when compared with C. moschata. Mean oil content values of the two species were similar at 28.7 ± /2.7 and 29.8 ± /2.6% for C. moschata and C. argyrosperma, respectively. The mean seed oil content of C. argyrosperma subsp. argyrosperma var. palmeri (32.1%) was significantly higher than that of the other taxa examined. The average (mean) percentage of total seed weight attributable to the kernel was 77.2% in C. moschata (n= 34) and 74.5% in C. argyrosperma (n= 46). The percentage of total seed weight attributable to the hull was correlated with seed oil content, in both species. Linoleic was the predominant fatty acid in all the samples analysed. Means for individual fatty acids in C. moschata were linoleic 48.5%, oleic 22.6%, palmitic 20.7% and stearic 7.5%. Means for individual fatty acids in C. argyrosperma were linoleic 47.3%, oleic 27.5%, palmitic 16.5% and stearic 8.0%.
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N, Prof Eze,Anthony, and Dr Okoye,Peter I. "Investigation of the Dielectric Strengths of Locally Sourced Vegetable Oil as an Alternative to Mineral Based Transformer Oil." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (June 27, 2020): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the dielectric strengths of locally produced vegetable oils from Nigerian farms to compare the dielectric strength of the vegetable oil with the mineral oil to see if vegetable oil can be used as an alternative for insulating and cooling of transformers. It was an experimental research. The experimental procedures adopted in carrying out the investigation were sample collection, processing of sample and storing and testing for different properties such as pour point, flash point, peroxide value determination (aging), moisture content, and breakdown voltage test were conducted and results obtained. The findings of the study indicated that vegetable oil has the highest dielectric constant when placed on the same temperature with the mineral oil. One of the recommendations was that owners and managers of electrical transformers should see the urgent need of using vegetable oil as alternative to mineral oil.
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Warneke, C., F. Geiger, P. M. Edwards, W. Dube, G. Pétron, J. Kofler, A. Zahn, et al. "Volatile organic compound emissions from the oil and natural gas industry in the Uinta Basin, Utah: point sources compared to ambient air composition." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 8 (May 13, 2014): 11895–927. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-11895-2014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with oil and natural gas production in the Uinta Basin, Utah were measured at a ground site in Horse Pool and from a NOAA mobile laboratory with PTR-MS instruments. The VOC compositions in the vicinity of individual gas and oil wells and other point sources such as evaporation ponds, compressor stations and injection wells are compared to the measurements at Horse Pool. High mixing ratios of aromatics, alkanes, cycloalkanes and methanol were observed for extended periods of time and short-term spikes caused by local point sources. The mixing ratios during the time the mobile laboratory spent on the well pads were averaged. High mixing ratios were found close to all point sources, but gas wells using dry-gas collection, which means dehydration happens at the well, were clearly associated with higher mixing ratios than other wells. Another large source was the flowback pond near a recently hydraulically re-fractured gas well. The comparison of the VOC composition of the emissions from the oil and natural gas wells showed that wet gas collection wells compared well with the majority of the data at Horse Pool and that oil wells compared well with the rest of the ground site data. Oil wells on average emit heavier compounds than gas wells. The mobile laboratory measurements confirm the results from an emissions inventory: the main VOC source categories from individual point sources are dehydrators, oil and condensate tank flashing and pneumatic devices and pumps. Raw natural gas is emitted from the pneumatic devices and pumps and heavier VOC mixes from the tank flashings.
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Saragih, Winda Adelita, Bayu Krisnamurthi, and Netti Tinaprilla. "TITIK KRITIS PRODUKSI MINYAK SAWIT BERKELANJUTAN DI PT.XYZ." Forum Agribisnis 7, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/fagb.7.2.191-211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The change of business paradigm towards sustainable development requires industry players to produce palm oil in a sustainable manner. One of them is to follow the guidelines of Principles and Criteria (PnC) of sustainable palm oil production endorsed by Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). Researchers interested to know the constraints (critical point) of the company in meeting all the principles and criteria for sustainable palm oil production. Identification of critical points will have an important role to know how far the performance and constraints faced by the company in fulfilling all the principles and criteria to produce sustainable palm oil. The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical point on sustainability criteria and indicators in PT.XYZ. Methods of data collection research conducted by interview and observation in the field. Researchers use RSPO Principles and Criteria (PnC) parameters as parameters of sustainable palm oil production implementation. Method of data analysis using FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis ) method with 2 stages, namely FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) and CA (Criticality Analisis). The FMECA analysis shows that there are 5 critical criteria and 6 critical indicators in fulfilling all the principles and criteria of sustainable palm oil production in PT.XYZ.
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Millien, Kawira. "Characterization of Local Nano-Heat Transfer Fluids for Solar Thermal Collection." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (August 7, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6105879.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Performance of organic oils in solar thermal collection is limited due to their low thermal conductivity when they are compared to molten salt solutions. Extraction of organic oils from plants can be locally achieved. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of use of copper nanoparticles in some base local heat transfer fluids (HTFs). Addition of volume fraction of 1.2% of the copper nanoparticles to oil-based heat transfer fluids improved their thermal conductivity as deduced from the thermal heat they conducted from solar radiation. The oil-based copper nanofluids were obtained by preparation of a colloidal solution of the nanoparticles. Impurities were added to increase the boiling point of the nano-heat transfer fluids. Stabilizers were used to keep the particles suspended in the oil-based fluids. The power output of the oil-based copper nano-heat transfer fluids was in the range of 475.4 W to 1130 W. The heat capacity of the steam in the heat exchanger was 93.7% dry and had a thermal capacity of 5.71 × 103 kJ. The heat rate of flow of the oil-based copper nano-heat transfer fluids was an average of 72.7 Js−1·kg−1 to 89.1 Js−1·kg−1. The thermal efficiency for the oil-based copper nano-heat transfer fluids ranged from 0.85 to 0.91. The average solar thermal solar intensity was in the range 700 Wm−2 to 1180 Wm−2. The heat exchanger used in this study was operating at 4.15 × 103 kJ and a temperature of 500.0°C. The heat transfer fluids entered the exchanger at an average temperature of 381°C and exited at 96.3°C and their heat coefficient ranged between 290.1 Wm−2°C and 254.1 Wm−2°C. The average temperatures of operation ranged between 394.1°C and 219.7°C with respective temperature efficiencies ranging between 93.4% and 64.4%. It was established that utilization of copper nanoparticles to enhance heat transfer in oil-based local heat transfer fluids can mitigate energy demand for meeting the world’s increasing energy uses, especially for areas inaccessible due to poor land terrain.
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Yang, Songwei, Guotian Li, Chuanqi Wang, Zenghui Yin, and Enxing Zhang. "Effect of different lubricating oil formulas on the adaptability of cGPF aftertreatment." E3S Web of Conferences 268 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126801009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on two different components of lubricating oil, this paper analyzes the filtration efficiency, ash accumulation speed, vehicle WLTC emissions, fuel consumption, and CT scan on a National V emission standard engine equipped with a cGPF aftertreatment device. The results show that both oils can ensure that cGPF meets the emission and fuel consumption requirements of National VI emission standard, but oil F accumulates ash quickly before the ash accumulation of 33% in the discharge, which has a significant effect on PN reduction, and oil C accumulates ash faster after the accumulation of 33%. The effect of reducing the PN is accelerated. Oil F is based on a full calcium detergent system, which has a trend of first to slower for the collection efficiency; while oil C is based on a mixed Ca/Mg detergent system, which has a trend of first slowing and then fasting the collection efficiency. The critical point is generally about 33% of accumulated ash. For oil F, less ash is deposited in the front and middle of the cGPF, while more ash tends to deposit towards the outlet. In contrast, cGPF aged with Oil C has a relatively uniform deposition distribution.
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Alatefi, Saad, and Abdullah M. Almeshal. "A New Model for Estimation of Bubble Point Pressure Using a Bayesian Optimized Least Square Gradient Boosting Ensemble." Energies 14, no. 9 (May 5, 2021): 2653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092653.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Accurate estimation of crude oil Bubble Point Pressure (Pb) plays a vital rule in the development cycle of an oil field. Bubble point pressure is required in many petroleum engineering calculations such as reserves estimation, material balance, reservoir simulation, production equipment design, and optimization of well performance. Additionally, bubble point pressure is a key input parameter in most oil property correlations. Thus, an error in a bubble point pressure estimate will definitely propagate additional error in the prediction of other oil properties. Accordingly, many bubble point pressure correlations have been developed in the literature. However, they often lack accuracy, especially when applied for global crude oil data, due to the fact that they are either developed using a limited range of independent variables or developed for a specific geographic location (i.e., specific crude oil composition). This research presents a utilization of the state-of-the-art Bayesian optimized Least Square Gradient Boosting Ensemble (LS-Boost) to predict bubble pointpressure as a function of readily available field data. The proposed model was trained on a global crude oil database which contains (4800) experimentally measured, Pressure–Volume–Temperature (PVT) data sets of a diverse collection of crude oil mixtures from different oil fields in the NorthSea, Africa, Asia, Middle East, and South and North America. Furthermore, an independent (775) PVT data set, which was collected from open literature, was used to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed model to predict the bubble point pressure from data that were not used during the model development process. The accuracy of the proposed model was compared to several published correlations (13 in total for both parametric and non-parametric models) as well as two other machine learning techniques, Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Networks (MPL-ANN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). The proposed LS-Boost model showed superior performance andremarkably outperformed all bubble point pressure models considered in this study.
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Ostrensky, Antonio, Walter A. Boeger, Luiz Fernando Duboc, Fabio Xavier Wegbecher, Robert William Pilchowski, and Ernani Zamberlan. "Effect of The Oil Spill from the Presidente Getúlio Vargas Refinery, Brazil, in July of 2000, on the Populations of Fishes of the Rivers Saldanha, Barigüi, and Iguaçu." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-971.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT In July of 2000, an accident occurred in the Refinery Presidente Getúlio Vargas (REPAR), located in the Municipality of Araucaria, Southern Brazil, and involved a spill of about 4 million liters (25,160 barrels) of crude oil. This was considered the largest oil spill in the history of Brazil. Despite the use of containment barriers, the oil slick reached up to 45 km downstream of a small creek (Arroio Saldanha) and two important rivers of the region (Rio Barigüi and Rio Iguaçu). In this stretch, both of the latter rivers are highly polluted, having crossed the City of Curitiba, a city of about 2+ million inhabitants. The spatial and temporal distribution of fishes of these streams after the accident was analyzed in 10 collection sites (in a river stretch of 250 km) located upstream Rio Barigüi and Rio Iguaçu) or downstream (all streams) from the point of oil introduction. Fishes were captured monthly with cast nets, traps, hook and line, and/or gill nets. Immediately after the event, sites close to the point of introduction of oil presented a less diverse fish fauna. However, one year later, the fish fauna of the Arroio Saldanha, showed signals of recovery, while no fish were collected during the entire year from the sites located upstream in the Rio Barigüi and Rio Iguaçu. The results strongly suggests that the impact of the oil spill on the fish fauna of these streams was minimized due to the previous highly polluted state of the streams, as indicated by the absence of fish species in the upstream collection sites, which were never directly exposed to the oil spot.
Дисертації з теми "Oil collection point"
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Сахно, І. М., та Вячеслав Володимирович Березуцький. "Аналіз існуючого стану очисних споруд пункту збору нафти Юліївського родовища біля м. Харкова". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/25299.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Обґрунтовано доцільність та необхідність зменшити негативний вплив від діяльності Юліївського НГП на навколишнє природне середовище: забруднення водного басейну виробничими і господарсько-побутовими стічними водами.The expediency and the need to reduce the negative impact on the activities Yuliyivskoho PNC on the environment: pollution of the water basin-pobutovymy production and farm wastewater.
Частини книг з теми "Oil collection point"
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Alanis-Ramírez, Claudia Ivett, Liliana Ávila-Cordoba, Rubi Romero-Romero, and Reyna Natividad. "Biodiesel production as an alternative to reduce the environmental impact of University food courts." In CIERMMI Women in Science Engineering and Technology TXV, 37–50. ECORFAN, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35429/h.2021.6.37.50.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this work was to assess the environmental impacts of producing biodiesel by heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. The raw material for the process was the waste cooking oil (WCO) generated at 27 food courts of Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. The study was conducted by applying Life Cycle Assessment methodology and the environmental impacts were calculated with the SimaPro 9.1.0.11 PhD software with the Ecoinvent database. The method was CML-IA base line C3.06/EU25. The assessed impact categories were: Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP, elements), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP, fossil fuels), Global Warming Potential (100 years) (GWP), Ozone Layer Depletion (ODP), Human Toxicity (HT), Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity (FWAE), Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity (MAE), Terrestrial Ecotoxicity (TE), Photochemical Oxidation (PO), Acidification (A) and Eutrophication (E). In addition, end point environmental indicators were also calculated (Ecosystems Quality, Human Health Damage and Resources Availability) by the method ReCiPe 2016 Endpoint (H) V1.04 / World (2010) H/A. The system boundary enclosed three main stages, WCO collection, pre-treatment and reaction (to produce biodiesel). It was concluded that the reaction stage is the one with the highest environmental impact. In this sense, the highest impact categories were ADP (fossil fuels) (105.56 MJ), GWP (8.91 kg CO2 eq) and MAE (2387.89 kg 1, 4-DB eq). Nevertheless, it was also found that the GWP for the heterogeneous process is 82.52 % lower than that calculated for the homogeneous process. In addition, the human health damage of the homogeneous process is 1.77 points and is higher than the observed with the heterogeneous process.
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Gobbis Pagliuca, José Carlos, and Marta C. R. B. Suarez. "Used Cooking Oil Campaign Experience in São Bernardo do Campo City." In Cases on Applying Knowledge Economy Principles for Economic Growth in Developing Nations, 254–59. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8417-0.ch013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Faced with the objective of carrying out environmental education campaigns and arousing the attention of Sao Bernardo do Campo´s residents to the correct disposal of used cooking oil, in 2019 a cooperation agreement between the Municipality of Sao Bernardo do Campo and the Triangulo Institute aiming at recycling used cooking oil was signed. The collection execution began with the installation of the used cooking oil voluntary delivery points. Before the installation, the awareness and training of the team involved in the receiving activity was carried out; in addition, it is important after the collection to pack, transport, and dispose of the oil.
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Shawtari, Fekri Ali, Abdullah Mohammed Ahmed, and Omar Alaeddin. "The Current Practice and Expected Transformation of Zakah Institution in Yemen in Light of the Current Crisis." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 95–107. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3452-6.ch007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Yemen is among the poorest countries in the region. It has become apparent during the current political crisis in which the majority of population is classified as poor so the poverty line's group has been widened. As far as Zakah is concerned, it is a duty on wealthy people to pay their alms to the poor and hence a redistribution of the wealth among the society would be achieved. Zakah rests under the responsibility of the government to supervise, govern, and apply the rules prescribed in the Islamic legislation (Shari'ah rules) to ensure that its role in the society is attained. For the last three decades, since the formation of the new country, the “Republic of Yemen” that emerged from two previously separated countries, Zakah institution has been governed and managed by the government, and its administration is formed under the responsibility of the Zakah Agency, and later on under the local counsel of each locality. Such management and administration has been criticized of being less transparent on Zakah resources on both collections or distributions issues. Therefore, Zakah efficient collections have suffered due to the low level of confidence in the governmental agencies assigned to collect Zakah funds, and this encourages Zakah payers to always seek an alternative way to channel Zakah funds, which has been found in many voluntary organizations to carry the same role the government should have made in collection of Zakah funds. This chapter is theoretical in nature. It aims and focuses on the discussion of administration and legislation of Zakah and its importance to the society in Yemen. It also highlights the current status of Zakah in Yemen. More than that, the discussion elaborates that Zakah in Yemen lacks its role in the society in reducing poverty, which has become more apparent recently. Analyzing the way Zakah is carried out revealed that Zakah administration needs a rethink on how to organize and restructure it in a way to serve its underlying purposes. Government may not be the proper Zakah administer at this point of time due to the rise of corruption in the government agencies. Since the Zakah fund is commingled with the other public budget resources, it is more likely to be misused as the other resources (i.e., oil and gas and tax) and no possible differentiation to be expected. Expected transformation of Zakah is needed and the role can be carried out by the non-government bodies supervised by scholars and experts who can be held accountable under certain governance system. This chapter originally is of importance to all stakeholders as it serves as the building block for initiating a proper system or framework of Zakah administration, a system that provides its contemporary guidelines on Zakah, taken into the consideration the original wisdom and objective of Shari'ah on Zakah enforcement by the Almighty.
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Carruthers, Richard M., and John D. Cornwell. "Gravity and Magnetic Methods." In Continental Shelf Limits. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117820.003.0018.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lateral variations in the density and magnetization of the rocks within the crust give rise to "anomalies" in the Earth's gravity and magnetic fields. These anomalies can be measured and interpreted in terms of the geology both in a qualitative sense, by mapping out trends and changes in anomaly style, and quantitatively, by creating models of the subsurface which reproduce the observed fields. Such interpretations are generally less definitive in themselves than the results from seismic surveys (see chapter 12), but the data are widely available and can provide information in areas where other methods are ineffective or have not been applied. As the different geophysical techniques respond to specific rock properties such as density, magnetization, and acoustic velocity, the results are complementary, and a fully integrated approach to data collection and interpretation is generally more effective than the sum of its parts assessed on an individual basis. Gravity and magnetic data have been acquired, at least to a reconnaissance scale, over most of the world. In particular, the release into the public domain of satellite altimetry information (combined with improved methods of data processing) means that there is gravity coverage to a similar standard for most of the offshore region to within about 50 km of the coast. Magnetic anomalies recorded from satellites provide global coverage, but the high altitude of the observations means that only large-scale features extending over many 10s of kilometers are delineated. Reconnaissance aeromagnetic surveys with flight lines 10-20 km apart provide a lateral anomaly resolution similar to that of the satellite gravity data. Oceanographic surveys undertaken by a variety of academic and research institutions are another valuable source of data in remote regions offshore which supplement and extend the more detailed coverage obtained over the continental shelves, for example, by oil companies in areas of hydrocarbon interest. Surveys over land vary widely in terms of acquisition parameters and quality, but some form of national compilation is available from many countries. A number of possible applications of the potential field (i.e., gravity and magnetic) data follow from the terms set out by UNCLOS. Paragraph 4(b) of article 76 states, "In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the foot of the continental slope is to be determined as the point of maximum change in the gradient at its base" (italics added).
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Ning, Xue. "Operations-Intelligence-Strategy (OIS) Process in Healthcare." In Theory and Practice of Business Intelligence in Healthcare, 88–105. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2310-0.ch004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The healthcare industry has generated a huge amount of data in diverse formats. The big data in healthcare is leading the revolution in healthcare. Collecting data at the operational level is the starting point for the big data-driven healthcare revolution. By analyzing the operational level big data, healthcare organizations can gain the business intelligence for further strategy development, for example how to improve the healthcare quality, how to provide better long-term care, and how to empower the patients. This chapter discusses this process as operations-intelligence-strategy (OIS) process in healthcare. Objectives are understanding how to gain business intelligence from sensor data mining in healthcare, biomedical signal analysis, and biomedical image analysis, and exploring the applications and impacts of the OIS process, with a focus on the sensor data mining in healthcare.
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Allosso, Dan. "Socialist Capitalist." In Peppermint Kings, 186–212. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300236828.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter talks about Albert May Todd as a technological innovator and the leader of a corporation with an international clientele that was occasionally suspected of seeking to monopolize the essential oil business. It describes Albert's populism that was not characterized by rural anxiety over the baffling complexity of new urban commercial and financial centers. It also points out why Albert was one of the populists who sought to reshape the government as an agency of the majority rather than of the corporate and wealthy minority. The chapter explains how Albert supported socialists and their organizations throughout his life but never advocated the elimination of capitalist competition and collective ownership. It also analyzes Albert's insistence for public ownership of natural monopolies and government action to break trusts and combinations that prevented competition.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Oil collection point"
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Darbandi, Masoud, Bagher Abrar, Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Mazdak Zeinali, and Gerry E. Schneider. "Theoretical-Experimental Investigation of CO Emission From an Oil Refinery Incinerator." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we investigate the CO emission from an oil refinery gas incinerator both theoretically and experimentally. At the beginning of this research, our collected data from this incinerator showed that the CO contamination would be far exceeding the permissible environmental standards at the stack exhaust. Therefore, we decided to perform a combined theoretical-experimental study to find a reasonable solution to reduce the CO pollution suitably. Our theoretical study showed that a reliable solution would be to increase the incinerator operating temperature. However, we needed to collect some data from this incinerator to examine if our achieved analytical solution would work correctly. In data collection procedure, we were faced with one major difficulty due to the limits of automatic system of incinerator control, which did not let us increase the incinerator temperature readily in real work conditions. As a general remedy, our suggestion was to interfere in this automatic control system and to increase its maximum possible limit of temperature. Evidently, this needed a number of considerations, which could not be performed in a short length period. As a short length remedy, we designed a number of manual control procedures, which let us examine different temporary working conditions for the incinerator. Trying different operating condition, we eventually found a suitable one with minimum CO emission from the incinerator. Although this choice resulted in an increase in the incinerator temperature and a remedy to reduce the high CO emission, it was inversely increased the incinerator fuel consumption, which is rather a negative point. Our further data collection indicated that the excess air of primary incinerator was relatively high. Therefore, we designed an automatic system of inlet air damper to adjust the inlet air, which resulted in avoiding high excess air and consequently suitable saving in the fuel consumption. The details are provided in the rest of paper.
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Smith, Evan. "Implementing Remote Mudlogging Solutions to Support a Deepwater Project in the Caribbean: A De-Manning Case Study." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204654-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Today's oil and gas industry is a global endeavor. With technological advances in data management and transfer, the ability for experienced engineers to receive, interpret, and make decisions from all over the globe in near real-time is not only achievable, but is becoming more desirable. Provoked by downturns and reduced personnel numbers, methods of increasing efficiency and cost reduction has gradually moved engineers away from the rig site, while still undertaking the same roles and responsibilities. This paper examines one case for an operator in the Caribbean. One major client drilling in the Caribbean was forced to explore reduced staffing options on one of its deep-water drilling rigs after flight cancellations, border closures, and isolation/quarantine procedures were implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This made getting experienced data engineers and sample collection personnel to the rig site impossible. Two data engineers, two mud loggers, and two sample catchers are on the rig during normal operations, but with the above-mentioned challenges, only two mud loggers remained on site. The mudlogging service provider proposed intercompany collaboration with a region experienced in remote operational support, and a remote monitoring station was set up and manned with experienced data engineers to support real-time operations. A focal point between the remote engineers and the rig team was designated, and was responsible for communicating roles and responsibilities, linking the two teams. A robust communication protocol was established between the mudlogging crew, the remote personnel, the drill floor, and the company man which outlined specifics of which events would trigger communication between parties. Two intermediate hole sections were successfully drilled, without any interruption or delay. The remote engineers successfully participated in the rigs well control drills, calling directly to the rig when needed. During drilling, the experienced remote personnel were able to provide topic specific guidance to the less experienced engineers at the rig site, which accelerated their on-the-job training. This guidance encouraged and allowed for decreased reliance on the remote support over the course of drilling. The operator considered the implementation of the remote engineers a success and looked to implement additional remote resources from other service lines and providers. Development of additional remote support opportunities directly reduces risk and cost of personnel at the rig site throughout all aspects of the oil and gas industry. Reduction of personnel on site reduces overall exposure to the hazards associated with the rig site and would decrease the probability of incident. Recent improvements in technology and communication have made it possible for this to be a viable solution to de-manning the rig site in an evolving industry.
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Tavner, Charles Alexander, Daniel Francis Touzel, and Brendan James Smith. "Application of Long Endurance UAS for Top-Down Methane Emission Measurements of Oil and Gas Facilities in an Offshore Environment." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205467-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Oil & gas (O&G) operators are increasingly focused on decarbonization and reaching net-zero carbon emissions. The O&G industry seeks to minimise methane emissions. Verification of estimated emissions using top down measurement methods represents a critical component of this effort. A novel approach to operationalizing top-down emissions surveys was developed and demonstrated, leveraging expertise in unmanned vehicle application, innovative methane emissions measurement technology, and an O&G industry collaborator. The inspection technique utilizes a fixed-wing unmanned aircraft to perform a remote offshore asset inspection while safely launching and recovering onshore. This method enables the collection of many tens of thousands individual point methane concentration measurements and affords the ability to resolve facility-level methane emissions and in conjunction with appropriate environmental conditions information, derive an accurate emission rate for an individual asset, while accounting for background fluctuation and potential upwind sources.The unmanned aircraft does not require any crew or equipment to be taken offshore or make modifications to the asset, thus allowing inspections to be performed with minimum impact to facility operations. This work overcame significant regulatory hurdles to fly long distance unmanned aircraft in congested airspace, developed detailed operational procedures and demonstrated the safety of the technique to both the O&G and aviation community, and the effectiveness of the measurement technology. The work demonstrated the suitability of the technique for operationalisation for routine measurement programmes.
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Beyke, Gregory, and Gregory J. Smith. "Advances in the Application of In Situ Electrical Resistance Heating." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH) is an aggressive in situ thermal remediation technology that was developed by the U.S. Department of Energy from the original oil production technology to enhance vapor extraction remediation technologies in low permeability soils. Soil and groundwater are heated by the passage of electrical current through saturated and unsaturated soil between electrodes, not by the electrodes themselves. It is the resistance to the flow of electrical current that results in increased subsurface temperatures, and this is typically applied to the boiling point of water. It is estimated that more than 75 ERH applications have been performed. Capacity to perform these projects has increased over the years, and as many as 15 to 20 of these applications now being performed at any given time, mainly in North America, with some European applications. While the main focus has been to vaporize volatile organic compounds, as one would expect other semi-volatile and non-volatile organic compounds have also been encountered, resulting in observations of chemical and physical reactions that have not been normally incorporated into environmental restoration projects. One such reaction is hydrolysis, which is slow under normal groundwater temperatures, becomes very rapid under temperatures that can easily be achieved using ERH. As a result, these chemical and physical reactions are increasing the applicability of ERH in environmental restoration projects, treating a wider variety of compounds and utilizing biotic and abiotic mechanisms to reduce energy costs. For the treatment of oil and coal tar residues from manufactured gas plants, a process TRS has called steam bubble floatation is used to physically remove the coal and oil tar from the soils for collection using conventional multi-phase collection methods. Heat-enhanced hydrolysis has been used to remediate dichloromethane from soils and groundwater at a site in Illinois, while heat-enhanced biotic and abiotic dehalogenation has been observed at the vast majority of the sites where ERH has been applied. With disposal options becoming more limited around the world, alternate in situ treatment methods for soil and groundwater restoration are becoming more important. Over the 10 years of commercialization of the ERH technology, soil and groundwater remediation mechanisms and processes that were not envisioned by the technology’s developers expand the range of chemicals that have successfully been treated. This paper will discuss these processes and how these processes have been used to effect remediation of soil and groundwater where ERH has been employed.
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Paz, Carlos, Carlos Femey Peña Rojas, Jorge Andres Prada Mejias, Jesley Sena De Lima, Amin Adolfo Claib Meinhardt, Henry Lozano Ruiz, Claudia Vaquez Garcia, et al. "Improvement of the Calculation of Naphtha Shrinkage and Evaporation Effects in the Allocation Process of a Heavy Oil Blend." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209323-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract To overcome the challenge of transporting heavy, 8.5 API, oil through a long pipeline, the highly viscous fluid is mixed with naphtha (74 API). This increases the API density of the mixture and improves fluid flow to the endpoint. The method involves a complex calculation, and it requires reallocating the production for all networks that handle naphtha. Because the calculation is prone to failure when performed manually, an automated solution was sought. An interactive calculation was designed in which all volumetric and laboratory data are considered to estimate the shrinkage and evaporation index for the heavy oil produced by different reservoirs. The process starts by obtaining a shrinkage factor based on the crude quality, designed specifically for the heavy oil. This triggers a recursive calculation process to provide the mass, viscosity, and API of the heavy oil blend at the collection station. Those calculations are added to the allocation process by an iterative prorating task to obtain several intermediate calculated variables, added to the network that is being allocated. The most accurate and effective way to perform those estimations is to calculate the shrinkage of the naphtha into heavy oil, calculate naphtha evaporation during the transport, and, finally, calculate the final blend viscosity and API based on naphtha volume contraction using several iterations. The iterations are stopped when the difference between measured viscosity and calculated viscosity is below the 0.01 threshold. This workflow directly affects production allocation because it adjusts the blend of the heavy oil. Besides having an accurate volumetric distribution, the operational team can realize how much naphtha volume has been volatilized and how much has been sent into the taxable oil. Subsequently, the team can identify how much oil has been produced by each well. In addition, the intermediate calculation steps offer a reference of how much volume of naphtha is needed to ease the heavy oil mobility inside the pipeline and the expected quality when this blend is delivered at the final point. The benefits of systematizing the workflow of naphtha shrinkage and evaporation can be measured by production cost, time, and quality of the daily activities. Previously, the time consumed in performing all activities was greater than 1 hour and required a dedicated operation engineer in addition to the time to set up the calculation spreadsheets. With automated calculations, the process takes less than 10 minutes and does not require human intervention. In addition, the automated calculations provide data security and accurate results by minimizing data handling errors. This solution provides high data traceability and demonstrates the PDMS capability to include external variables in the allocation process by additional programming, with high confidence in the results.
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Small, Dorothy S. "Integration of Sustainable Systems in a Residential Home." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90417.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In today’s world, it has become ever more important to design homes and buildings with considerations that will reduce the total energy requirement and reliance on fossil fuels. Energy conservation is the first important consideration. The construction and appliance components that reduce energy consumption will be presented. Various systems are being included in the design of this off-grid 100% renewable home. The home will incorporate: passive solar design; solar hot water for radiant heat and domestic hot water; woodburning heat with backup hot water coils for domestic hot water and radiant heat; a hybrid electric system with PV and windmill sources and backup diesel generator (modified to use vegetable oil); a rainwater collection system; a graywater treatment system and blackwater treatment. The heating and air conditioning system combines the efficiency of radiant heat with evaluated tube solar hot water technology. A heating coil is incorporated in a masonry heater as the backup. The sizing considerations of the systems are discussed along with the description of methods to discharge excess hot water. Passive solar building design has been a focal point of the home. The heat gain has been considered as the heating system has been designed. The domestic hot water is discussed to compare the demand vs. production of hot water vs. storage. The practices of the homeowner to minimize the need for air conditioning and the design features that improve the conditioning of the air in the summer are presented. The integration of electrical generation will utilize PV, windmill and diesel generator backup (that will be converted to vegetable oil). This combination is used to take benefit of the wind potential while there are periods of little or no electricity generated from the PV system. The size of the systems has been optimized to balance the cost of production vs. storage. The sizing criteria are presented with the optimization calculations for each of the systems. The system design of a rainwater collection system is presented describing the rain water available, the size of the collection area, and the storage capacity. Equipment considerations are discussed with pre and post storage treatment of collected water. A graywater treatment system is designed to take advantage of the passive solar orientation of the home. The system incorporates graywater management practices, sizing of filtration and discussion of placement of components of the system. A blackwater system is also incorporated in the design of the home. The considerations of various systems are presented along with the sizing and utility requirements. The effective design of a 100% off-grid renewable home must first consider the efficient use of all energy. Secondly, the integration of systems is complex and requires the flexibility of the operations of the systems to produce a range of potential capacity to ensure comfort. The systems incorporated in this design are automated to an extent that is practical, however, monitoring of the systems must be conducted to ensure proper operation.
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Kamaruddin, Muhamad Aizat, Ayham Ashqar, Muhammad Haniff Suhaimi, and Fairus Azwardy Salleh. "Dynamic Formation Evaluation to Reduce Uncertainty and Confirm Completed Intervals in Brown Fields." In SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204758-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Uncertainties in fluid typing and contacts within Sarawak Offshore brown field required a real time decision. To enhance reservoir fluid characterisation and confirm reservoir connectivity prior to well final total depth (TD). Fluid typing while drilling was selected to assure the completion strategy and ascertain the fluvial reservoir petrophysical interpretation. Benefiting from low invasion, Logging While Drilling (LWD) sampling fitted with state of ART advanced spectroscopy sensors were deployed. Pressures and samples were collected. The well was drilled using synthetic base mud. Conventional logging while drilling tool string in addition to sampling tool that is equipped with advanced sensor technology were deployed. While drilling real time formation evaluation allowed selecting the zones of interest, while fluid typing was confirmed using continually monitored fluids pump out via multiple advanced sensors, contamination, and reservoir fluid properties were assessed while pumping. Pressure and sampling were performed in drilling mode to minimise reservoir damage, and optimise rig time, additionally sampling while drilling was performed under circulation conditions. Pressures were collected first followed by sampling. High success in collecting pressure points with a reliable fluid gradient that indicated a virgin reservoir allowed the selection of best completion strategy without jeopardising reserves, and reduced rig time. Total of seven samples from 3 different reservoirs, four oil, and three formation water. High quality samples were collected. The dynamic formation evaluation supported by while drilling sampling confirmed the reservoir fluid type and successfully discovered 39ft of oil net pay. Reservoir was completed as an oil producer. The Optical spectroscopy measurements allowed in situ fluid typing for the quick decision making. The use of advanced optical sensors allowed the sample collection and gave initial assessment on reservoir fluids properties, as a result cost saving due to eliminating the need for additional Drill Stem Test (DST) run to confirm the fluid type. Sample and formation pressures has confirmed reservoir lateral continuity in the vicinity of the field. The reservoir developed as thick and blocky sandstone. Collected sample confirmed the low contamination levels. Continuous circulation mitigated sticking and potential well-control risks. This is the first time in surrounding area, advanced optical sensors are used to aid LWD sampling and to finalize the fluid identification. The innovative technology allowed the collection of low contamination. The real-time in-situ fluid analysis measurement allowed critical decisions to be made real time, consequently reducing rig downtime. Reliable analysis of fluid type identification removed the need for additional run/service like DST etc.
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Hussain, Sajjad, Mohamed Saher Dahroug, Belinda Mikalsen, Karianne Holen Christensen, Daniel Ndubuisi Nketah, Leida Monterrosa, Mark Van Aerssen, et al. "Enabling Technologies Help Drilling an Extreme ERD Well on Brage Field, North Sea." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204134-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Drilling a nine km (Kilometers) extreme ERD (Extended Reach Drilling) well by a rig which was initially designed for six km and on a platform that did not provide any empty well slot posed a challenge to the Brage asset team. The well (A-36 A/B) was planned with an ambitious slot recovery operation removing all casing strings to surface to allow for a 24-inch sidetrack. Due to unexpected challenges during the slot recovery only a 19-m window between the 28-in conductor shoe (at 315-m MD) and the old 13 3/8-in casing stump was available. A very successful kick-off using a mud motor and Gyro-While-Drilling bottomhole assembly (BHA) was performed. An RSS (Rotary Steerable System) BHA was used to drill the rest of the section Both "push the bit" and "point the bit" RSS technologies were the key enablers in drilling long sections and helping to deploy casing strings. The well was successfully geosteered through two reservoirs, including a new reservoir landing strategy, adding valuable extra reservoir meters. The reservoir Mapping-While-Drilling and Magnetic Resonance-While-Drilling service helped to navigate in challenging reservoirs maximizing reservoir exposure. Advanced polyglycol Water-Based Mud system was utilized in 24-in section followed by advanced Oil-Based Mud (OBM), and Low Solids OBM systems enabled drilling this extreme ERD well. An upgraded Cuttings collection and transportation system meeting ERD requirements and offshore slop water treatment system also played key role in drilling optimization. Real-time monitoring of critical well construction operations was performed using specialized technologies. Optimized Viscous Reactive Pill (VRP) was successfully used for the first time in North Sea to provide cement plug base at deeper depths (7200-m MD) resulting in a successful kick-off using "point the bit" RSS systems. An ERD specialist subsidiary of the service company was involved in ERD design verification and training of offshore personnel. Outstanding equipment reliability of surface equipment and downhole tools enabled shoe-to shoe drilling of these sections. The OneTeam culture combined with the main service provider integrated solutions, and an open-minded and brave approach led to drilling longest well in this brownfield ever. It was completed 32-days ahead of plan with all objectives met. The deep lower screen completion was successfully deployed, and the well is producing as expected. This 9,023-m MD well is the longest Offshore well drilled by the Operator and 2nd longest drilled by the Operator ever.
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Johnstone, James, Susanna Toivonen, Rick Griffin, Ashleigh O'Brien, Paul Mundill, Joonas Siivonen, Pave Väisänen, et al. "Novel Method for Real-Time Monitoring of Scale Control Products at the Site of Use." In SPE International Oilfield Scale Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169797-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Scale inhibitors are used extensively in the oil and gas industry to provide the level of flow assurance required to maximise safe and economic hydrocarbon production. For both continuous and scale squeeze treatments, residual inhibitor concentrations need to be verified on a continual basis to assure the field operator that the implemented scale management program remains effective. To date, the analytical work required to verify residual inhibitor levels of the majority of scale inhibitor chemistries needs to be carried out onshore in a suitably equipped analytical laboratory. Often the time delay from sample collection to reporting of analytical results introduces a significant level of uncertainty with regard to effective scale control which, if removed, would substantially improve the production assurance and safety of the facility operations. The Residual Monitoring and Analysis system is a point-of-use monitoring platform designed to measure the residual concentration of polymeric scale inhibitors with average molecular weight less than 10 000 Da in produced water, providing a timely and accurate residual scale inhibitor concentration to the facility operator. The analysis procedure can be carried out at the production location where the sample is taken, with the result obtained and recorded within 30minutes or less. The analysis method is unaffected by either the presence of other production chemicals or by the variation in typical North Sea produced water composition. The measurement system utilises the Aqsens aqueous liquid fingerprinting technology platform (Hänninen et al. 2013) and can be designed to work with a wide range of scale inhibitor chemistries; a specific tag/label is not necessary. Unlike other systems, the analytical method is not based on immunoassay detection technology that requires modification of the scale inhibitor formulation to include tagged polymer-specific antibodies. We have deliberately reverse engineered this for a range of current scale inhibitor products to provide direct field analysis to customers on either continuous or scale squeeze application programs. The system derives its sensitivity by combining time-resolved fluorescence with carefully optimised chemistries to quantify the product for scale inhibition levels. Performance results from laboratory testing and coreflood experiments will be presented.
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Bu, Jiatian, and Yifan Yu. "Spatial behaviour and healthy aging. A GPS-ased study of the older residents in Shanghai." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/obav2578.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The spatial behavior of elderlies is essentially the result of interactions between people and the environment. In order to explore a demand-responsive spatial intervention through new types of data from the perspective of urban planning, this study attempts to identify the differentiated trip features within the aged group, and proceed to gain a further understanding of their daily trip pattern, trip chain, and daytime activity sequence . 76 older residents from a typical public housing neighborhood in Shanghai were asked to carry an Android Phone for 102 consecutive days. By collecting and analyzing the trajectory data, we found that even in a highly consistent social and physical environment, there are still significant differences among the elderlies’ daily activities, mainly existing in the age and gender aspects. The research indicates that elderlies’ daily trip patterns are related to the starting point, effective interval, travel time, and the physical conditions of the individuals.