Статті в журналах: "Ohio. Air National Guard"

1

Schumm, Walter R., Stephan R. Bollman, Anthony P. Jurich, Carlos Castelo, Diane Sanders, and Farrell J. Webb. "Understanding Mail Survey Response Rates among Male Reserve Component Gulf War Era Veterans." Psychological Reports 87, no. 3 (December 2000): 859–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.859.

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In this study of current and former male Reserve and National Guard members from the State of Ohio, it was expected that veterans who were older, had more years of military service, who had participated in the Persian Gulf War, who were Euro-Americans, who were higher in rank, who had higher residential stability in Ohio who belonged to the Air Force, who had higher formal education, and who belong to the National Guard would have a greater investment in U.S. society as defined by 11 demographic variables. It was assumed that those with greater investment in society would more often have valid addresses and would be more likely to respond to a survey on military issues, thereby biasing sample outcomes in those directions. Results for male veterans were consistent with the hypothesis that investment in the society system would predict validity of addresses and response rates. In other words, results supported the idea that those veterans who might be expected to have a greater investment in U.S. society were more likely to be located and to respond (once located) to a survey concerning Desert Storm-era military service and its aftermath. Implications for future Desert Storm research are discussed.

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2

Marcus, Emerson. "The 75th Anniversary of the Nevada Air National Guard 1948-2023: Building a Total Force for National Security." Nevada Historical Society Q 66, no. 3 (2023): 2–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhs.2023.a917354.

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Abstract: The year 2023 marks the 75th anniversary of the Nevada Air National Guard. When Congress created the United States Air Force in 1947, it also authorized the various states to establish Air National Guards. Nevada did so immediately in 1948. The Nevada Air Guard took its place alongside the newly reestablished Nevada State Militia under the command of the governor and subject to activation by the president whenever local or national emergencies threatened the peace and security of the United States. As a reserve force, the Nevada Air National Guard assumed a role in the Cold War with the Soviet Union, served in the Korean War, and responded to crises associated with the Vietnam War in the turbulent 1960s. After the downfall of the Soviet Union, it served in Kosovo in the 1990s amidst the violent breakup of the former Yugoslavia. During the 21st century members of the Nevada Air Guard have been called to Iraq and Afghanistan in the War on Terror. At home the Air Guard has assisted the U.S. Forest Service's efforts to fight wildfires in the face of climate change.

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3

Yacovone, Joseph A., Joseph J. Box, and Richard A. Mumford. "Dental Survey of Air National Guard Personnel." Military Medicine 150, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/150.9.476.

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4

Tamburrino, Marijo B., Philip Chan, Marta Prescott, Joseph Calabrese, Israel Liberzon, Renee Slembarski, Edwin Shirley, et al. "Baseline prevalence of Axis I diagnosis in the Ohio Army National Guard." Psychiatry Research 226, no. 1 (March 2015): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.12.038.

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5

Ganocy, Stephen J., Toyomi Goto, Philip K. Chan, Gregory H. Cohen, Laura Sampson, Sandro Galea, Israel Liberzon, et al. "Association of Spirituality With Mental Health Conditions in Ohio National Guard Soldiers." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 204, no. 7 (July 2016): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0000000000000519.

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6

Lapchuk, Dmytro, Oleksandr Onopriienko, and Oleh Holovan. "JUSTIFICATION OF THE FORCES AND EQUIPMENT OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE INVOLVED IN PERFORMING THE TASKS OF PROTECTING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AGAINST AIR TARGETS." Scientific journal of the National Academy of National Guard "Honor and Law" 1, no. 88 (2024): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33405/2078-7480/2024/1/88/302250.

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An analysis of critical infrastructure objects, which have different levels of criticality categories, and the importance of assigning individual units to destroy air targets, was carried out. The existing objects of critical infrastructure, which are subject to protection and defense by the National Guard of Ukraine in the conditions of resistance to the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, and the areas of responsibility of operational-territorial associations and military units under direct control, which carry out the protection and defense of the specified objects, were studied. The need for components of the defense system for the protection of critical infrastructure objects by military units (units) of the National Guard of Ukraine, which perform the task of destroying enemy air targets, is considered. The organization of interaction in the general air target detection system, which is connected to the network of the Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, air defense units and aims to detect enemy air targets aimed at destroying the country's critical infrastructure facilities protected by the National Guard of Ukraine, is analyzed. It is proposed to define the defense sectors of the critical infrastructure object to form the necessary type and quantity of weapons and equipment necessary for the destruction of air targets both in the approaches to the object and in the distance from it.

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7

Likos, Anna M., James Neville, and Joel C. Gaydos. "Influenza Outbreak and Response Preparedness in the Air National Guard." Military Medicine 167, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/167.11.929.

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8

Calabrese, Joseph R., Marta Prescott, Marijo Tamburrino, Israel Liberzon, Renee Slembarski, Emily Goldmann, Edwin Shirley, et al. "PTSD Comorbidity and Suicidal Ideation Associated With PTSD Within the Ohio Army National Guard." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 72, no. 08 (August 15, 2011): 1072–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.11m06956.

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9

Marshall, Brandon D. L., Marta R. Prescott, Israel Liberzon, Marijo B. Tamburrino, Joseph R. Calabrese, and Sandro Galea. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and HIV Risk Behavior Among Ohio Army National Guard Soldiers." Journal of Traumatic Stress 26, no. 1 (February 2013): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.21777.

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10

Bergman, Hannah E., Philip K. Chan, Andrew A. Cooper, Edwin Shirley, Toyomi Goto, Thomas Fine, Gregory H. Cohen, et al. "Examining the Relationship Between PTSD Symptomatology and Cigarette Smoking Among Ohio Army National Guard Soldiers." Military Behavioral Health 7, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2018.1556139.

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11

Futrell, Robert F., and Charles Joseph Gross. "Prelude to the Total Force: The Air National Guard, 1943-1969." American Historical Review 91, no. 5 (December 1986): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1864563.

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12

Fink, David S., Laura Sampson, Marijo B. Tamburrino, Israel Liberzon, Renee Slembarski, Philip Chan, Gregory H. Cohen, et al. "Lifetime and 12-Month Use of Psychiatric Services Among U.S. Army National Guard Soldiers in Ohio." Psychiatric Services 66, no. 5 (May 2015): 514–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201400128.

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13

Wetmore, Clifford M. "Lichens and Air Quality in Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area, Ohio." Bryologist 92, no. 3 (1989): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3243393.

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14

Lorich, Michael F., Muriel Marshall, William Walker IV, Sharon E. Clark, Antonio Rene, and George Ivanovskis. "Line-of-Duty Injury or Illness in an Air National Guard Unit." Military Medicine 167, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/167.9.732.

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15

Mitnik, Tammy J., J. Douglas Ripley, and Benjamin W. Speakthunder. "Planning the Montana Air National Guard Range: A Model for Successful Public Involvement." Federal Facilities Environmental Journal 13, no. 2 (2002): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffej.10032.

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16

James, Lois, Denise Smart, Tamara Odom-Maryon, Kimberly A. Honn, and Stephanie Rowan. "Sleep deprivation in Air National Guard medical personnel responding to simulated disaster-training exercises." Military Psychology 31, no. 2 (February 15, 2019): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2019.1565909.

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17

Messecar, Deborah C., and Cindi Sullivan. "Cigarette Smoking in the Oregon Air National Guard: Findings from a Health Promotions Survey." Military Medicine 166, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 774–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/166.9.774.

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18

Salveson, Catherine A., Deborah C. Messecar, and Supreeda Monkong. "Feasibility of a Virtual Health and Wellness Center for the Oregon Air National Guard." Military Medicine 167, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/167.1.38.

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19

Ananenko, A. O. "The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the Context of the National Security of the Russian Federation." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)) 1, no. 11 (January 23, 2023): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2022.99.11.175-182.

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This article analyses the practice of unmanned air transport in the context of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation. The author describes the key features of unmanned air transport, certain aspects of its legal regulation contained in the Air Code of the Russian Federation, analyzes the roadmap of the National Technological Initiative “Aeronet”. It also analyses the practice of using unmanned aircraft during the Special Military Operation in Ukraine, as well as offences committed with the use of said aircraft in Russia and foreign countries. Separately the activities of federal executive authorities (Federal Air Transport Agency, Federal Service of National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation) on prevention and suppression of the mentioned offences are disclosed. It is suggested that the legal regulation of the use of unmanned aerial transport should include state accounting, state registration, admission and confirmation of compliance with certain requirements.

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20

Schumm, Walter R., Anthony P. Jurich, Stephan R. Bollman, Diane Sanders, Carlos Castelo, and Farrell J. Webb. "Understanding Mail Survey Response Rates among Female Reserve Component Veterans Serving during the Persian Gulf War." Psychological Reports 85, no. 2 (October 1999): 653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.2.653.

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In this study of current and former female reservists and National Guard members from the state of Ohio, veterans who were older, who had more years of military service, who had participated in the Gulf War, who were Euro-Americans, who were or had been married, and who were higher in rank tended to have more valid addresses and higher response rates, thus biasing sample outcomes in those directions. Educational attainment, branch of service, component of service, and residential stability appeared to be less important, although some significant findings were noted. Implications for further research on Desert Storm are discussed. In general, those veterans who might have been expected to have a greater investment in U.S. society were more likely to respond to a survey concerning Desert Storm era military service and its aftermath.

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21

Sklyarov, Mykola, Ivan Tsebriuk, Oleksii Yakovliev, Yevhenii Bondar, and Andrii Kashkanov. "Mathematical modeling of the movement of an armored vehicle with a 4×4 wheel formula with change of pressure in the wheel tires using the example of through KrAZ-Spartan." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Transport 19, no. 1 (July 12, 2024): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2413-4503-2024-19-1-139-149.

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The authors proposed a study of the passability of trucks and armored vehicles of the National Guard of Ukraine with a 4x4 wheel formula. The movement of armored vehicles (AMT) of the National Guard of Ukraine involves movement both on public roads and off-road. The possibility of increasing cross-country ability by ensuring optimal pressure distribution in the tires of the wheels is being considered. The increase in bearing capacity in difficult operating conditions can be estimated with the help of modern mathematical tools. This allows the vehicle equipment of the National Guard of Ukraine to study the cross-country ability and select optimal parameters when performing service and combat tasks with a certain ratio of technical characteristics in different operating conditions. As a result of the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, more serious technical requirements are imposed on the vehicles of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) and the National Guard of Ukraine (NGU) than in peacetime. Among these requirements, maneuverability is in the first place - controllability is ensured by the ability to move at high speed over rough terrain. The patency of the AMT of the National Guard of Ukraine depends on many factors, the main ones of which are: the type and quality of the surface on which movement takes place, the pressure in the tires of the wheels, the weight of the vehicle, the order of passing the route of the convoy, etc. The central air pressure control system in wheel tires (SRPRS) is widely used in various variants of automotive equipment with high traffic intensity, but the main disadvantage of such systems is the need to minimize tire pressure to improve cross-country ability on load-bearing surfaces with low load-bearing capacity. This tolerance can cause the tire to slip off the rim, overheat or burst. This is due to the fact that the maximum speed is limited due to the risk of system failure. It is recommended to determine the influence of various factors in order to ensure the required level of support patency and analyze it using the example of the KrAZ-SPARTAN armored car with a 4×4 wheel formula.

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22

Kerns, Donald E., and Paul B. Anderson. "EMS Response to a Major Aircraft Incident: Sioux City, Iowa." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 5, no. 2 (June 1990): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00026753.

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On July 19,1989, at 1515h, United Airlines flight 232 with 297 passengers and crew on board, experienced disintegration of the number 2 engine (in the tail section) while at 40-thousand feet above Alta, Iowa (Map 1). The DC-10, en route from Denver to Chicago, was diverted to Sioux City, Iowa's Gateway Airport. The disabled jet made a crash landing on an unused runway, burst apart, and caught fire upon impact. Due to the advanced warning of the potential crash, local crash-fire-rescue (CFR) units from the Air National Guard stationed at Gateway Airport, local and regional paramedic and fire units, an advanced life-support EMS helicopter service, and the two Sioux City hospitals were on alert and ready. Firefighters and Air National Guard personnel fought the fire and EMS personnel performed triage, provided emergency care in the field, and transported victims from the crash scene to local health care facilities in Sioux City. Injured victims in critical condition were transported first followed by those with lesser injuries. All were being treated within one hour and 45 minutes of the event. Of the 297 passengers and crew, 59 were admitted to local hospitals in critical condition, and 124 were treated for less severe injuries and later released.

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23

Smith, Hilary A., James A. Stephenson, Chad E. Morrow, Jeremy S. Haskell, Mark Staal, AnnaBelle O. Bryan, and Craig J. Bryan. "Factors Associated With Burnout Among Active Duty versus National Guard/Reserve U.S. Air Force Pararescuemen." Military Behavioral Health 3, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2014.995245.

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24

Fink, David S., Qixuan Chen, Yutao Liu, Marijo B. Tamburrino, Israel Liberzon, Edwin Shirley, Thomas Fine, Gregory H. Cohen, Sandro Galea, and Joseph R. Calabrese. "Incidence and Risk for Mood and Anxiety Disorders in a Representative Sample of Ohio Army National Guard Members, 2008–2012." Public Health Reports 131, no. 4 (July 2016): 614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354916662221.

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25

Goldmann, Emily, Joseph R. Calabrese, Marta R. Prescott, Marijo Tamburrino, Israel Liberzon, Renee Slembarski, Edwin Shirley, et al. "Potentially Modifiable Pre-, Peri-, and Postdeployment Characteristics Associated With Deployment-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Ohio Army National Guard Soldiers." Annals of Epidemiology 22, no. 2 (February 2012): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.11.003.

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26

Biehn, Tracey L., Ateka Contractor, Jon D. Elhai, Marijo Tamburrino, Thomas H. Fine, Marta R. Prescott, Edwin Shirley, et al. "Relations between the underlying dimensions of PTSD and major depression using an epidemiological survey of deployed Ohio National Guard soldiers." Journal of Affective Disorders 144, no. 1-2 (January 2013): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.06.013.

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27

Gross, Charles J. "The Birth of the Air National Guard, 1943-1946: A Case Study in Military Institutional Politics." Military Affairs 49, no. 2 (April 1985): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1988401.

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28

Dos Reis, Felipa Lopes, Diogo Esteves, Rafael Carriço, and João Pestana. "Influence of Communication on the Productivity of Portuguese Military Organization." European Journal of Communication and Media Studies 2, no. 4 (October 26, 2023): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmedia.2023.2.4.18.

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Communication is the key to the success and stability of any organization. The very beginning of civilization owes its evolution to effective communication. Therefore, the whole process for the creation of any company is related to communication between the working groups. The present study investigated how the productivity of Portuguese military organizations (Portuguese Air Force, Portuguese Army, Navy, and Republican National Guard) is influenced by the type of 2 communication used. In the methodology used for this research, the questionnaire was adopted as a data collection instrument applied to the three branches of the Armed Forces and the National Republican Guard. Chain communication, characteristic of the military environment, is one of the oldest institutional means of communication. This type of communication is characterized by a downward flow in which the institution’s highest rank transmits a message that must be orchestrated by the other posts until the information reaches the lowest level, the executing or operational level. The viability of communication in these institutions has been demonstrated throughout history. However, there are also certain disadvantages of this type of communication when compared to other institutions where there is greater openness in terms of communication between the various hierarchical levels.

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29

McCaffrey, Patrick S. "Industry Led Multi-Jurisdiction, Multi-Event Exercise." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2011, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): abs115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2011-1-115.

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Abstract Marathon Oil gets its Corporate Emergency Response Team (CERT) together once a year in a tabletop exercise. CERT is made up of volunteers from throughout the company and the exercise serves both to hone response skills and to build teamwork. The 2009 annual exercise was held in Huntington, West Virginia. The exercise involved a diesel leak in Ohio, a worst case discharge of crude oil in Kentucky and a barge/security incident in West Virginia. These incidents pulled in responders from 3 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regions, the United States Coast Guard (USCG), West Virginia National Guard, 3 states, 4 counties and 3 business units. In all 280 people from 26 organizations were involved in the drill. The planning effort involved many of the organizations who played in the exercise and was modeled after the Spill of National Significance (SONS1) 2007 planning effort for the Evansville Venue which built from the bottom up. Major goals of the drill were to: deeply integrate Unified Command, and stress the CERT with both traditional and nontraditional problems. The endgame was the delivery of an Incident Action Plan (IAP) which included the company's first attempt at an inland salvage plan. Unified Command was pushed down into Operations, Planning, Environmental and Joint Information. Integration in Unified Command was done in several ways: traditional jurisdictional decision making, position/task assignments, and resource pooling. A Joint Information Center (JIC) was setup for the exercise, and one of the JIC's tasks was to accommodate real media coverage. A group hotwash was held for all participants and even though 100 action items were identified, the group consensus was that the drill was valuable for both public and private responders, and their organizations.

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30

Humphries, Thomas J., Richard F. Dietrick, Kurt M. Palan, and Judy Smith. "Report of an Air National Guard Clinic's Experience with Screening At-Risk Individuals before Initial Physical Fitness Testing." Military Medicine 154, no. 9 (September 1, 1989): 438–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/154.9.438.

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31

Vander Weg, Mark W., Margaret DeBon, Deborah Sherrill-Mittleman, Robert C. Klesges, and George E. Relyea. "Binge Drinking, Drinking and Driving, and Riding with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Heavily among Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve Personnel." Military Medicine 171, no. 2 (February 2006): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7205/milmed.171.2.177.

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32

Dulia, Esrat F., Mir S. Sabuj, and Syed A. M. Shihab. "Benefits of Advanced Air Mobility for Society and Environment: A Case Study of Ohio." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 26, 2021): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010207.

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Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) is an emerging transportation system that will enable the safe and efficient low altitude operations and applications of unmanned aircraft (e.g., passenger transportation and cargo delivery) in the national airspace. This system is currently under active research and development by NASA in collaboration with FAA, other federal partner agencies, industry, and academia to develop its infrastructure, information architecture, software functions, concepts of operation, operations management tools and other functional components. Existing studies have, however, not thoroughly analyzed the net positive impact of AAM on society and environment to justify investments in its infrastructure and implementation. In this work, we fill this gap by evaluating the non-monetary social impact of AAM in the state of Ohio for passengers, patients, farmers, logistics companies and their customers and bridge inspection entities, as well as its environmental impact, by conducting a thorough data-driven quantitative cost–benefit analysis of AAM from the perspective of the state government. To this end, the most relevant and significant benefit and cost factors are identified, monetized, and estimated. Existing ground transportation for the movement of passengers and goods within and across urban areas is considered as the base case. The findings demonstrate that AAM’s benefits are large and varied, far outweighing its costs. Insights on these benefits can help gain community acceptance of AAM, which is critical for successful implementation of AAM. The findings support decision-making for policymakers and provide justification for investments in AAM infrastructure by the government and private sector.

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33

Bailey Fausset, Cara, Elizabeth Weldon, Latrice Williams, Matt Boyle, Kevin Cartwright, Mark Robinson, Joe Bosch, Marcia Crosland, and Bayne Meeks. "Friendlier Skies: Development of Electronic Checklists for Emergency Procedures for the KC-135 Stratotanker." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641036.

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The KC-135 Stratotanker has been a workhorse aircraft for the U.S. Air Force and Air National Guard for over 60 years. The aircraft and its technologies have had many modifications and updates over the decades, but the Emergency Procedures (EPs) section of the KC-135 In-Flight Manual has only been updated based on engineering modifications and incident and accident reports. The goal of this project was to systematically assess, identify, and document issues in the KC-135 EPs using aviation checklist design guidance and a crew-centric human factors approach. Electronic checklists were then created to address the issues in the KC-135 EPs. The number of emergency procedures was reduced by over 50%: 351 KC-135 EPs were streamlined into 154 electronic checklists. The revised electronic checklists for emergency procedures will optimize KC-135 crew responses to non-normal situations and ensure safe and efficient operation of the KC-135 beyond its projected sunset in 2040.

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34

Storms, Patrick R., Candice P. Elkins, and Eric M. Strohecker. "Embouchure Dysfunction in Air Force Band Brass Musicians." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2016.2019.

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Occupational injuries and medical problems in musicians are well described, but relatively less attention has been paid to orofacial and embouchure-related problems in professional brass players. This study addressed embouchure-related problems in Air Force Band members, a population of musicians with an intense practice and performance schedule. METHODS: A survey was developed and distributed via the Air Force Survey Office to 599 active-duty Air Force Band members and 201 Air National Guard members. The survey assessed practice patterns, practice and performance venues, and presence of symptoms suggesting embouchure dysfunction. RESULTS: Responses were obtained from 167 Air Force Band brass players. Of the 157 responding to the question about embouchure dysfunction, 42% reported having experienced an embouchure problem at some point in the past, and 53% of those respondents reported that they were currently experiencing an embouchure problem. Forty-one percent of those with embouchure problems cited practice venues that were not conducive to effective and efficient practice at the time their embouchure problems began, and 48% of those with embouchure problems reported having to overblow in rehearsal at the time their problems began. DISCUSSION: Embouchure disorders were reported in a large proportion of Air Force Band brass survey respondents, and specific concerns related to practice venues and the need to overblow in practice settings suggest factors suitable to remediation and preventive strategies.

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35

Nowadly, Craig D., Rebecca S. Blue, Harry M. Albaugh, Ryan S. Mayes, and Douglas J. Robb. "A Preliminary Study of U.S. Air Force Pilot Perceptions of the Pilot–Flight Surgeon Relationship." Military Medicine 184, no. 11-12 (May 15, 2019): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz088.

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Abstract Introduction Flight surgeons play a vital role in U.S. Air Force aviation operations by ensuring that pilots are medically prepared to meet the demands of military aviation. However, there is natural tension between pilots and flight surgeons. A pilot may be reluctant to share medical information with a flight surgeon who could negatively impact the pilot’s career or flight status. In this preliminary study, we sought to identify pilot-perceived strengths and weaknesses in the relationship between U.S. Air Force aviators and their flight surgeons. Materials and Methods An online survey regarding pilot–flight surgeon confidence and perceived values was distributed electronically to a convenience sample of U.S. Air Force aviators. Participants included U.S. Air Force active duty and Air Reserve Component (Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard) military aviators in addition to U.S. Air Force Academy aviation cadets. Results One hundred and seventy-three aviators participated in the survey. Respondents reported variable comfort in approaching flight surgeons with medical concerns and suggested that they believed other pilots might be withholding medical information from flight surgeons or seeking care from civilian physicians for career protection. Conclusions We sought to examine the pilot–flight surgeon relationship and its impact on daily flying operations. While limited, results suggest that there may be gaps in trust between pilots and their flight surgeons. These findings could present an opportunity to improve the pilot–flight surgeon relationship by identifying factors that contribute to closer pilot–flight surgeon relationships.

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36

Watkins, Jeff, and Dale W. Kelz. "Multiscenario, Spatially Detailed Forecasting of Utility Steam Coal for the Ohio River Navigation System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1909, no. 1 (January 2005): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190900106.

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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has pursued continual refinement in the waterway traffic forecasts used in project economic analyses. The multiscenario forecasting of utility steam coal described in this paper, based on the work of Hill & Associates, Inc. (H&A), is a substantial refinement of previous forecasting efforts. H&A prepares 20-year steam coal forecasts on the basis of the interaction of two major linear programming models: the National Power Model (NPM) and the Utility Fuel Economics Model (UFEM). The NPM is a utility industry model that dispatches all electric generating plants in the United States (coal and noncoal), producing forecasts of generation by fuel type within a context of transmission and environmental constraints. The UFEM makes use of highly detailed coal supply data (for approximately 98 coal types) to allocate fuels among plants and units. These two models develop forecasts of coal demand for electricity generation, by type of coal, which were then “mapped” to the waterway. H&A prepared separate forecast scenarios based on three alternative environmental regulatory futures. The first is a continuation of existing law (in this case, the national ambient air quality standards). The second H&A scenario reflects implementation of the administration's Clear Skies Initiative. The final H&A scenario is an implementation of the Clear Skies Initiative without the proposal's severe mercury restrictions.

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Burcham, Sara, Daniella Saul, Rachael D. Nolan, and Susan M. Pinney. "Exposure Experiences of Area Residents Near a Chronic Environmental Contamination Site." Ohio Journal of Public Health 6, no. 1 (May 9, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojph.v6i1.9701.

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Background: The study aims to analyze and interpret the exposure experiences of local residents living within 5 miles of the Fernald Feed Materials Production Center, a former uranium processing site. The goal is to enhance public health efforts addressing psychological stress resulting from environmental exposure. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted from July 1998 to February 2001 as part of the Fernald Living History Project. The study focuses on 4 key phenomenological events: air releases of uranium by-products, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency public notifications of water contamination, a citizens' class action lawsuit against the US Department of Energy and National Lead of Ohio, Inc, and extensive media coverage. Researchers used descriptive inductive coding to analyze data from these events, involving 34 participants. Results: The study identified 5 central themes in the residents' exposure experiences: disruptions to life, loss of trust, seeking answers, interpreting ambiguous threats, and adaptive responses. Participants recounted how these events affected their lives and triggered emotional responses. Conclusion: This research provides valuable insights into the experiences of individuals living near environmentally contaminated sites and offers guidance for future prevention and mitigation strategies.

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Riner, Phil. "Editorial." Journal of Invitational Theory and Practice 13 (February 18, 2022): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/jitp.v13i.3806.

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In 1957 I was a school age kid attendingsegregated schools in NorthCarolina and barely understood whatwas occurring at Central High in LittleRock, Arkansas. Nine Arkansas highschools students decided to go to school,and to get to school safely, PresidentEisenhower had to enlist the services ofthe 101st Air Borne Division and a federalizedU.S. National Guard. I wasseven at the time and on that day, I roadto school in a bus and was guarded onlyby my taunting ten year old brother andthe supervision of community values. Itwas another ten years before the schoolsI attended opened their doors to allAmericans and it wasn’t until 1979 thatthe first seniors graduated from my highschool having never attended raciallysegregated schools. This edition of JITPcommemorates two very important anniversaries.First, it is the 50th anniversaryof the Central High incident. Second, itis the 25th anniversary of the Alliance forInvitational Education.

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Pierce, Penny F., Margaret M. McNeill, and Susan F. Dukes. "An Occupational Paradox: Why Do We Love Really Tough Jobs?" Critical Care Nurse 38, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2018919.

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BACKGROUND Sometimes we come upon unexpected or counterfactual results during research that make us wonder and lead us into unknown territory. Such was the experience of a team of Air Force researchers exploring aeromedical evacuation crew members’ experiences of safety and patient care concerns throughout the en route care system. OBJECTIVE To explore what it is about the aeromedical evacuation crew members’ occupation that generates a strong motivation to the mission despite the demands it places on its workers. METHODS Eight focus groups were conducted with 69 Air Force aeromedical evacuation and staging facility active duty, Air National Guard, and Air Force Reserve Command nurses and medical technicians between May 2012 and April 2013 at 5 locations in the contiguous and outside the contiguous United States. RESULTS An unexpected finding was that despite the austere nature of the Air Force en route care mission and the acuity of the patients being transported, nurses and medical technicians were passionate about bringing home the wounded, sick, and injured warriors and were committed to providing the best and safest care possible. CONCLUSIONS It is plausible that a high level of commitment and mission focus contributes significantly to the safety and well-being of those transported. Still, we must wonder why nurses and technicians voluntarily serve in such a demanding and sometimes dangerous occupation, and yet find such a high degree of satisfaction and contentment with this type of job.

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Alexe, Florentina, Raluca-Elena Ginghină, Ciprian Său, Claudiu Lăzăroaie, and Dănuț Moşteanu. "Designing and Testing Multilayer Structures for CBR Air Permeable Protective Suit, with Improved Thermal Burden." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 30, no. 3 (June 1, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2024-0076.

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Abstract Protection is crucial not only for ensuring the safety of military personnel and other professionals regularly exposed to various threats but also for the broader population. Globally, the development of new protective gear focuses on several key objectives: minimizing stress during the use of personal protective equipment, providing reactive and extended protection (such as through filtered and air-permeable structures that guard against a wide range of CBR/TIC threats), and developing intelligent protective equipment that incorporates detection, self-decontamination, and revitalization functions. Given the diversity of threats that specialized anti-terrorism units face, particularly in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) domains, it is imperative that they are equipped with effective CBRN protection. Within the framework of strategic, operational, and tactical security measures, CBRN Defense is recognized by NATO as a distinct and critical area. Consistent with the standards of NATO and the specific regulations of the Romanian Army, every member of the NATO/national forces is required to be equipped with an air-permeable CBR protective suit. This study aims to design and test, according to NATO standards, multilayer structures that will protect combat personnel under conditions of reduced stress, addressing these vital needs.

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Elliott, Jim. "Recovery of a Toxic Cargo from a Sunken Tank Barge: Lessons Learned and Policy Implications." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 478–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2017.1.478.

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Abstract: In December 2015, operations were successfully completed in the recovery of a highly toxic cargo from the sunken tank barge ARGO in Lake Erie. The ARGO, constructed in 1911, sank in 1937 with a cargo of benzol that contained a high percentage of the carcinogen benzene. The ARGO was previously listed as the highest environmental risk in the Great Lakes by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Remediation of Underwater Legacy Environmental Threats (RULET) study. To recover the cargo, salvors designed a diver directed hot-tapping and pumping system to pump the remaining high benzene cargo from the sunken barge at a depth of approximately 50-feet below the lake’s surface. The cargo off-load system included pumping the cargo to a series of storage tanks onboard a barge equipped with designed-for-purpose inert gas and vapor recovery systems to ensure the safety of the public and responders. Working in a Unified Command that included the Coast Guard, U.S. and Ohio Environmental Protection Agencies and National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the salvage crew achieved all operational objectives – from safely conducting around-the-clock cold-water contaminated water diving operations to collecting environmental and barge hull samples for further analysis. The ARGO case study will provide lessons learned to assist future responders in safely performing subsea oil removal operations. Additionally, the case study will frame the discussion of current submerged oil recovery regulations and guidance, including the 2016 American Petroleum Institute (API) sunken oil detection and recovery guidance and the U.S. Coast Guard’s guidance on the classification of Oil Spill Removal Organizations (OSRO) that perform non-floating oil detection and recovery operations.

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Harkins, Richard W. "Great Lakes Marine Air Emissions—We’re Different Up Here!" Marine Technology and SNAME News 44, no. 03 (July 1, 2007): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2007.44.3.151.

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This paper presents a bottom-up air emission inventory (AEI) for two ports on the Great Lakes. The details of every commercial vessel—US, Canadian, and Foreign Flag—and every visit to each port were cataloged for 2004. The actual open-lake speed, reduced speed to enter the port, the time to maneuver from the breakwall to the dock, and the times at the dock performing cargo operations were evaluated. Appropriate current emission factors for the type of propulsion engine and auxiliary engines for each vessel were used for the times in each mode to obtain total emissions. The Port of Cleveland, Ohio, is particularly important because that port was studied as part of the EPA's National Emission Inventory in 1999 and 2002, and those results were used as the marine transportation mode emissions baseline that is extrapolated to all other Great Lakes port states, cities, and counties based on port tonnages. The Port of Duluth, Minnesota, was chosen because it is primarily a shipping port as contrasted to Cleveland, which is primarily a receiving port. Vessel operations are quite different in each port. Using this detailed study and current emission factors, Great Lakes marine mode emissions are shown to be about one-half of original study estimates for Cleveland. The relative efficiency of the marine mode of transportation is reviewed for the Port of Cleveland. The Great Lakes vessels, ports, and trade patterns clearly show "We're different up here."

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Banaszak, David, Dansen Brown, and David Laird. "Antonomous Environmental Definition of C-130 Flap Well Skin Panel." Journal of the IEST 48, no. 1 (September 1, 2005): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.48.1.pw070l022uu28503.

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Air Force C-130 aircraft require numerous aluminum doubler repairs on the wing flap skin aft of the right-hand outboard engine. These repairs are costly and require riveting. Rivets often provide new areas of stress concentration, which causes new cracks to develop elsewhere. Boeing and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) are measuring the thermal and strain environment behind the right-hand outboard engine of a North Carolina Air National Guard (NCANG) operational C-130 aircraft (TN 93-1456) for use in design of a damped repair patch to prevent the growth of cracks in skin under the wing flap panel. During June 2003. AFRL engineers and technicians acquired data using an autonomous damage dosimeter during five operational C-130 flights. The damage dosimeter measures structural strains and temperatures on in-service aircraft to diagnose structural conditions that are difficult to analyze, such as acoustics and high cycle fatigue (HCF). The first flight was from Charlotte, North Carolina to Warner Robins Air Force Base (AFB), Georgia and returned to Charlotte. The last four flights were assault flights where the C-130 simulated cargo drops. Pilots logged the altitude and indicated airspeed, engine speed, and flap positions for the first four flights. Flap position settings were compared with dosimeter temperature and root mean square (rms) strain measurements. This paper presents typical third octave plots showing engine speed vibratory frequencies, rms time histories (TH), and correlation data for a flight. This paper also presents typical limited data in TH, probability density function (PDF), power spectral density (PSD), and rain flow formats.

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Chappelle, Wayne L., Lillian R. Prince, and Tanya M. Goodman. "Sources of Stress and Psychological Health Outcomes Among U.S. Air Force Total Force Distributed Common Ground System Operators." Military Medicine 184, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2019): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy398.

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Abstract U.S. Air Force Distributed Common Ground Station (DCGS) intelligence (Intel) operators sustain 24/7 battlefield situational awareness and facilitate precision-strike operations. DCGS operations are global, synergistic, Total Force (TF) endeavors by active duty, Air National Guard (ANG) and Reserve units, providing combatant commanders with critical real-time intelligence and shaping operational and tactical decisions. Continual surveillance of this community’s psychological health is important to its military leaders. This study re-examines the most frequently reported occupational stressors, as well as the prevalence of occupational burnout (i.e., high-emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and low professional efficacy), and psychological distress within this population. Active duty (n = 1717), ANG (n = 139), and Reserve (n = 173) Intel operators participated in a comprehensive, online, occupational health assessment. Results reveal that occupational stressors contributing to elevated rates of distress, regardless of TF status (i.e., low manning, long work hours, excessive workload, and organizational communication concerns) are consistent with previous research. The prevalence of high-emotional exhaustion (AD: 29%/ANG: 25%/RES: 14%) and psychological distress (AD: 19%/ANG: 17%/RES: 5%) are above estimates for other military communities. These findings combined with demographic and occupational risk factors lay the foundation for improving psychological health within this Total Force community.

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Ismailov, Isamidin, and Narzullaev Otabek Saidulla Ogli. "SOME ISSUES OF LEGAL PROVISION OF PUBLIC SAFETY." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (October 24, 2023): 2441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2875.

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This article analyzes the international normative legal documents and the national legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan on ensuring public safety. Due to the fact that threats and aggressions to public security are increasing and their social danger is increasing, international documents on ensuring public security are being developed in the fields of combating terrorism and extremism, corruption, organized crime, illegal circulation of narcotics and psychotropic substances, human trafficking, as well as railway, air and automobile. classified into normative legal acts on ensuring safety in the fields of transport and traffic safety. In recent years, the reforms implemented in Uzbekistan to ensure public safety have been discussed, and some legal gaps in public safety, in particular, the need for legal protection of public safety during rallies, gatherings and demonstrations, have been justified. The importance of effective implementation of measures on public order and security is based on the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Guard units, which are the main entities responsible for ensuring public safety during these events. It is also proposed to study social relations in the field of theoretical and legal provision of public safety based on their content, regulatory legal documents, and directions of activity of entities providing public safety.

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Raheja, Garima, Leatra Harper, Ana Hoffman, Yuri Gorby, Lyssa Freese, Brendan O’Leary, Nathan Deron, et al. "Community-based participatory research for low-cost air pollution monitoring in the wake of unconventional oil and gas development in the Ohio River Valley: Empowering impacted residents through community science." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 6 (May 25, 2022): 065006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6ad6.

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Abstract Belmont County, Ohio is heavily dominated by unconventional oil and gas development that results in high levels of ambient air pollution. Residents here chose to work with a national volunteer network to develop a method of participatory science to answer questions about the association between impact on the health of their community and pollution exposure from the many industrial point sources in the county and surrounding area and river valley. After first directing their questions to the government agencies responsible for permitting and protecting public health, residents noted the lack of detailed data and understanding of the impact of these industries. These residents and environmental advocates are using the resulting science to open a dialogue with the EPA in hopes to ultimately collaboratively develop air quality standards that better protect public health. Results from comparing measurements from a citizen-led participatory low-cost, high-density air pollution sensor network of 35 particulate matter and 25 volatile organic compound sensors against regulatory monitors show low correlations (consistently R2 < 0.55). This network analysis combined with complementary models of emission plumes are revealing the inadequacy of the sparse regulatory air pollution monitoring network in the area, and opening many avenues for public health officials to further verify people’s experiences and act in the interest of residents’ health with enforcement and informed permitting practices. Further, the collaborative best practices developed by this study serve as a launchpad for other community science efforts looking to monitor local air quality in response to industrial growth.

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Ducey, Donald L., and Ann Hayward Walker. "DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SUPPORT TO SPILL RESPONSE OPERATIONS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1993, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1993-1-57.

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ABSTRACT The Department of Defense (DOD), operating through the Directorate of Military Support in the Department of the Army, supports state, local and other federal agency response operations in a wide range of natural and man-caused emergencies. Examples within the past six years include the Ashland Oil tank collapse in Floreffe, Pennsylvania, Exxon Valdez cleanup, Loma Prieta earthquake, hurricanes Hugo and Andrew, Mexico City earthquake, Armero (Columbia) volcanic eruption, and Puerto Rico floods and mudslides. From March 24 to September 27, 1989, the period of the Exxon Valdez initial cleanup operations, DOD provided military and civilian personnel, U. S. Navy ships for housing response workers, cargo and medical evacuation aircraft (fixed wing and helicopters), skimmers, modified dredges, landing craft, Dracones, Zodiak boats, radios, computers, and other miscellaneous equipment. This was in addition to assets of the Alaska Army and Air National Guard, which were committed by the governor. Support was provided to the U. S. Coast Guard on-scene coordinator and supervised by the Alaska Oil Spill Joint Task Force. The General Accounting Office, in its January 1990 report, Federal Costs Resulting from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, estimated that DOD spent $62.8 million through September 30, 1989, the largest expenditure by any federal agency. Use of military resources is a realistic scenario in certain situations. Primary responders at the federal and state level should understand how to request and employ these assets. This paper provides a background on DOD support to disaster relief operations, and discusses the types of support available to agencies responding to natural or man-caused emergencies, request and approval mechanisms, the Department of Defense organization to provide support, and reimbursement of the department.

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Allen, John, and Brian Walsh. "ENHANCED OIL SPILL SURVEILLANCE, DETECTION AND MONITORING THROUGH THE APPLIED TECHNOLOGY OF UNMANNED AIR SYSTEMS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-113.

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ABSTRACT Many leading edge technologies that are conceptualized, developed, tested, refined and applied as military defense technologies evolve into useful applied technologies in other public and private sectors. Unmanned Air Systems (UAS) and the rapidly evolving Small Unmanned Air Vehicle (SUAS) are finding operational applications in scientific research, wildlife, law enforcement, security, natural disaster, and environmental surveillance, detection and monitoring. This paper will review the use of UAS in operational oil spill surveillance, monitoring and assessment. UAS show particular potential for shoreline, coastal and inland surveillance and monitoring of remote areas with limited accessibility. Numerous international oil companies have sponsored UAV demonstrations focused on facility and pipeline inspection, surveillance and monitoring. Governmental agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency, have incorporated UAS into oil spill response exercises and test applications. Currently, many areas of high risk to pollution and high environmental sensitivity are monitored daily by costly manned aircraft surveillance; UAS can replace or augment these manned air vehicles, providing a cost effective alternative that also reduces human risks. UAS technology is continually evolving to achieve broader application:On-water launch and in-water recovery;Payload Integration - video, still daylight and nighttime IR imaging, image processing, and hazardous material air plume sensing and mapping;Command, Control and Communications (C-3) - real-time data link to the Incident Command Post;Platform Improvements - greater reliability, minimized size and weight, portability, longer operational flight time and extended range, and improved power sources;GPS positioning - pre-programmed flight patterns and break-away vectoring; andSimulation & Training - train effectively, maintain proficiency, and evolve tactics, techniques and procedures.

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Bridhikitti, Arika, Kanjana Thongsanit, Sunisa Chumphuthim, Patsorn Khwasui, Pawadee Nabumrung, and Teerawat Puangsuk. "Assessment of Dust Concentrations Affecting People Working on Roadsides to Mahasarakham University." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.676.

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This study aims to assess possibility of health risk attributed to nuisance dust on people living and working on roadside areas nearby Mahasarakham University (MSU). Nuisance dust was measured during November 2012 to May 2013 covering a school semester and a school break. All samples for Ban Tha Kong Yang roadside area showed high level of ambient aerosol with size less than 10 micron and the level was exceeding the national ambient air quality standard of 0.12 mg m-3 . Approximately half of the samples taken for Ban Kham Riang also show the same result. This suggests significant dust problem in these areas and could potentially cause adverse human health effects. Results from personal respirable dust sampling show that construction worker was exposed to the highest respirable dust concentration among three occupations, including security guard and street-food cooker. The levels were significantly higher with longer time on the road and having earth moving activity nearby. Occupational exposure to respirable dust, however, was not exceeding the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard of 5 mg m-3.

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He, H., J. W. Stehr, J. C. Hains, D. J. Krask, B. G. Doddridge, K. Y. Vinnikov, T. P. Canty, et al. "Trends in emissions and concentrations of air pollutants in the lower troposphere in the Baltimore/Washington airshed from 1997 to 2011." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 2 (February 4, 2013): 3135–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-3135-2013.

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Abstract. Trends in the composition of the lower atmosphere (0–1500 m altitude) and surface air quality over the Baltimore/Washington area and surrounding states were investigated for the period from 1997 to 2011. We examined emissions, ground-level observations and long-term aircraft measurements to characterize trends in air pollution. The USEPA Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS) program reported substantial decreases in point sources resulting from national and regional control measures; these decreases are definitely reflected in the ground-level observations. The decreasing trend of CO column contents is ~8.0 Dobson Unit (DU) decade−1, corresponding to ~350 ppbv decade−1 in the lower troposphere. Satellite observations of long-term, near-surface CO show ~40% decrease over western Maryland between 2000 and 2011, the same magnitude as indicated by aircraft measurements over upwind regions of Baltimore/Washington aished. After compensating for inter-annual temperature variations, historical aircraft measurements suggest the daily net production of tropospheric ozone over Baltimore/Washington area decreases from ~20 ppbv in the late 1990s to ~7 ppbv in the early 2010s during the ozone season. A decrease in the long-term ozone column content is observed as ~2.0 DU decade−1 in the lowest 1500 m, corresponding to ~13 ppbv decade−1 decrease. Back trajectory cluster analysis demonstrates that emissions of air pollutants from Ohio and Pennsylvania through Maryland influence column contents of downwind ozone in the lower atmosphere. The trends of air pollutants reveal the success of regulations implemented over the last decade and the importance of region wide emission controls over the eastern United States.

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