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Статті в журналах з теми "Occupational training"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 30 липня 2024

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1

Baumeler, Carmen, Sonja Engelage, and Alexandra Strebel. "The Dilemmas of Flexibilisation of Vocational Education and Training: A Case Study of the Piano Makers." International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 8, no. 1 (April 22, 2021): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.8.1.6.

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Анотація:

Context: Dual VET systems are often praised for their labour market proximity because of economic stakeholders’ involvement. However, when labour market requirements change rapidly, a lack of flexibility is attributed to them. This occurs in times of fast socio-technological change like the current digital transformation. A repeatedly proposed measure to increase system flexibility is to reduce the number of occupations and create broader occupational profiles, for example, by combining similar occupations into so-called occupational fields. However, little is known about actually establishing occupational fields.Approach: Against this backdrop, we address the following research question: How was an occupational field created? As Switzerland attempted to merge occupations over a decade ago, we selected an information-rich and illuminative case concerning the research question: The piano makers’ occupation as one of the first occupations required to merge into an occupational field called musical instrument makers together with organ builders and wind instrument makers. Based on a qualitative case study, we reconstruct the process of occupational field construction by combining expert interviews with comprehensive document analysis and present its narrative.Findings: Based on this case study, we contribute to the understanding of VET flexibilisation by detailing occupational field creation and identifying opportunities and challenges. Here, we pay special attention to the institutional work of the affected occupational association and identify the importance of preserving its collective occupational identity. Although regulatory changes disrupted the piano makers’ occupation, the occupational association reinstitutionalised it as part of the musical instrument makers’ occupational field. Over a decade later, the piano makers reintroduced their former occupational title, which is deeply connected to their occupational identity. Conclusion: The results indicate that VET reforms that promote flexibilisation by creating occupational fields encounter serious limitations in collectively governed dual VET systems. In the Swiss system, occupational associations are core collective actors that rely on their members’ voluntary work. To maintain these economic stakeholders’ necessary commitment to VET, their collective occupational identity, symbolized by their long-standing occupational title, needs to be preserved.

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2

Heinz, Walter R., Udo Kelle, Andreas Witzel, and Jens Zinn. "Vocational Training and Career Development in Germany: Results from a Longitudinal Study." International Journal of Behavioral Development 22, no. 1 (March 1998): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502598384522.

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The present paper presents empirical results from a German panel study which collected longitudinal data regarding the job entry of young adults in six of the top training occupations in the service and technical-industrial sectors. The data clearly demonstrate the influence of gender and social origin on the access to training in particular occupations. Furthermore, the existence of gender and occupation-specific patterns of career development is demonstrated. However, the apprenticeship system also provides mobility opportunities which depend on the specific training occupation. Moving along a certain occupational pathway results in an interplay between the structural opportunities and constraints of occupational contexts, on the one hand, and the young workers’ aspirations and orientations, on the other. These orientations and aspirations were investigated with qualitative methods which helped to identify different modes of biographical action orientations of young workers.

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3

Bayliss, C., A. Champion, E. Nwokedi, and R. Thanikasalam. "Doctors’ attitudes to patient occupation information in four hospital specialties." Occupational Medicine 70, no. 9 (November 28, 2020): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa187.

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Abstract Background Although we do not know how often doctors enquire about their patients’ work, evidence suggests that occupation is often not recorded in clinical notes. There is a lack of research into doctors’ views on the importance of patient occupation or their educational needs in this area. Aims To assess doctors’ attitudes to using patient occupation information for care-planning and to determine doctors’ need for specific training in occupational health. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional survey of doctors in cardiology, obstetrics and gynaecology, oncology and orthopaedics. Our questionnaire explored attitudes of the doctors to asking patients about their occupational status, their training and competency to do so, and their training needs in occupational health. Results The response rate was 42/46 (91%). Obstetrics and gynaecology 6/9 (67%) and oncology doctors 3/6 (50%) reported enquiring about the nature of patients’ occupations’ ‘most of the time’/‘always’ and that it rarely influenced clinical decisions. This contrasted with orthopaedic doctors 12/12 (100%) and cardiology doctors 14/15 (93%). Although 19/42 (45%) participants felt it was important to ask patients their occupation, only 10/42 (24%) ‘always’ asked patients about their work. The majority of participants 29/41 (71%) reported receiving no training in occupational health, but 37/42 (88%) considered that some training would be useful. Conclusions Training on the importance of occupation and its’ role as a clinical outcome in care-planning, might help doctors feel more competent in discussing the impact of health on work with patients.

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4

Aslam, Monazza, and Shenila Rawal. "Preparing Women of Substance? Education, Training, and Labor Market Outcomes for Women in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 18, Special Edition (September 1, 2013): 93–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2013.v18.isp.a5.

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Анотація:

This paper investigates the economic (i.e., labor market) outcomes of “training” for individuals in Pakistan. The labor market benefits of general education have been relatively well explored in the literature and specifically in Pakistan. They point to the benefits of education accruing both from education or skills that promote a person’s entry into more lucrative occupations and from raising earnings within any given occupation. This research delves into another angle by investigating the role, if any, of acquired “training“—technical, vocational, apprenticeship, or on-thejob— and its impact through both channels of effect on economic wellbeing. This is done using data from a unique, purpose-designed survey of more than 1,000 households in Pakistan, collected in 2007. Multinomial logit estimates of occupational attainment show how training determines occupational choice. In addition, we estimate the returns to schooling and to training separately for men and women. The results show that, while training significantly improves women’s chances of entering self-employment and wage work (as well as the more “lucrative” occupations), only wage-working women benefit from improved earnings through the training they have acquired. On the other hand, men who have acquired skills this way benefit through an improved probability of being self-employed and earning higher returns within that occupation.

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5

Schels, Brigitte, Corinna Kleinert, Melanie Fischer-Browne, and Lea Ahrens. "Compromises between Occupational Aspirations and VET Occupations—a Contribution to the Reproduction of Social Inequalities?" Zeitschrift für Soziologie 51, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 154–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2022-0011.

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Abstract Many school leavers cannot fulfil their occupational aspirations when entering vocational education and training (VET), and have to make compromises. This study asks what form these compromises take by examining multiple extrinsic occupational dimensions, and investigates differences by social background. Data for VET entrants from lower and intermediate school tracks from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS-SC4) are combined with occupation-specific data. The cluster analysis reveals four distinct patterns of compromise: 1) upward moves and 2) downward moves in multiple extrinsic attributes, 3) concessions in firm size and wage, and 4) concessions in regular working hours and status. Multinomial logistic regressions indicate that compromise formation is hardly socially stratified in terms of parental education and occupational position. Compared to natives, VET entrants from second-generation migrant families are more likely to move upward into relative better training occupations than occupations originally aspired to.

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6

Torosyan, Karine, Sicheng Wang, Elizabeth A. Mack, Jenna A. Van Fossen, and Nathan Baker. "Assessing the impact of technological change on similar occupations: Implications for employment alternatives." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (September 18, 2023): e0291428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291428.

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Background The fast-changing labor market highlights the need for an in-depth understanding of occupational mobility impacted by technological change. However, we lack a multidimensional classification scheme that considers similarities of occupations comprehensively, which prevents us from predicting employment trends and mobility across occupations. This study fills the gap by examining employment trends based on similarities between occupations. Method We first demonstrated a new method that clusters 756 occupation titles based on knowledge, skills, abilities, education, experience, training, activities, values, and interests. We used the Principal Component Analysis to categorize occupations in the Standard Occupational Classification, which is grouped into a four-level hierarchy. Then, we paired the occupation clusters with the occupational employment projections provided by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. We analyzed how employment would change and what factors affect the employment changes within occupation groups. Particularly, we specified factors related to technological changes. Results The results reveal that technological change accounts for significant job losses in some clusters. This poses occupational mobility challenges for workers in these jobs at present. Job losses for nearly 60% of current employment will occur in low-skill, low-wage occupational groups. Meanwhile, many mid-skilled and highly skilled jobs are projected to grow in the next ten years. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the utility of our occupational classification scheme. Furthermore, it suggests a critical need for skills upgrading and workforce development for workers in declining jobs. Special attention should be paid to vulnerable workers, such as older individuals and minorities.

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7

Ribeiro Oliveira, Carla Celeste Silva. "Training in the Context of Occupational Nursing." Journal of Quality in Health Care & Economics 5, no. 4 (2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jqhe-16000289.

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Introduction: In a textile company in Portugal, with approximately 750 workers, after risk analysis, noise was identified as one of the major problems present, and a low support was seen in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). As such, this was a priority problem to be sorted out by the nursing group at work, through the training of its workers. Objective: Demonstrate the results obtained after the training of the workers of a textile company on the risks associated with noise. Methodology: Population intervention study, reported in the first half of 2019, in a sample of 288 workers. Results: In view of the strategies defined, we obtained a 70% increase in the number of workers who proved knowledge about the risks of noise and a 60% increase in the number of workers who started using PPE correctly. Conclusion: Training in the work context is fundamental in the prevention of occupational disease

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8

Shears, Arthur E. "Occupational Analysis and Training." Journal of European Industrial Training 9, no. 1 (January 1985): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb014209.

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9

Bowcock, Leslie. "Training in Occupational Medicine." Occupational Medicine 55, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqi033.

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10

ROSS, MARGARET, and JO BARKER. "Training Occupational Therapy Managers." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 35, no. 3 (August 27, 2010): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.1988.tb01616.x.

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11

Lee, W. R. "Training for occupational medicine." Postgraduate Medical Journal 65, no. 761 (March 1, 1989): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.65.761.156.

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12

Lee, W. R. "Training in Occupational Medicine." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 9, no. 5 (1986): 499–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700090512.

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13

Salzmann, Patrizia, Simone Berweger, and Tavinder K. Ark. "Apprentices’ Affective Occupational Commitment During Vocational Education and Training." Journal of Career Development 45, no. 4 (March 6, 2017): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894845317696806.

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Affective occupational commitment (AOC) during training is considered to prevent occupational turnover and positively influence later work-related outcomes and learning processes. However, little is known about AOC development in a training context. This study examines antecedents and consequences of AOC and its development during vocational education and training. Participants were 497 Swiss apprentices who took part in a longitudinal survey throughout their 3-year training program. The results of latent growth curve modeling showed a slight average decrease in AOC over time. Initial AOC was negatively related to occupational turnover intention and positively related to satisfaction with the apprenticeship. Perceived person–occupation fit and feelings of competence during in-company training were positively correlated with initial AOC. Change in AOC was the smallest when apprentices felt autonomous and larger when they felt competent. The results indicate how in-company training environments can be arranged that foster apprentices’ AOC.

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14

Choi, SoEun, and DeokJu Kim. "Effects of Combining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Bilateral Upper Limb Training in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Occupational Therapy International 2022 (July 7, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4688113.

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CBT has a beneficial effect on depression and anxiety; however, the number of cases where therapy was used in patients with stroke was rare. In addition, there is still a lack of research on the effects of occupation-based training and the effects of bilateral upper limb training that provides an intervention based on patients’ state of hemiplegic upper limb function. This study investigated the effects of combining CBT and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training on the depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance. The experimental group was given 30-min cognitive behavioral therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training, while the control group was given 30-min conventional occupational therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training. For both groups, the intervention was given as a 30-min session once a day and five times a week for 4 weeks. Following intervention, the experimental group showed significant within-group variance for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance only ( p < 0.01 ). For between-group variance, a significant difference was found for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, and occupational performance ( p < 0.01 ), however, not for upper limb function ( p > 0.05 ). In this study, it is meaningful that this author provided good guidelines for therapists and caregivers by organizing and providing actual programs in a very rare situation where cognitive behavioral therapy was applied to stroke patients.

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15

Frederic Green, John. "Occupational Safety and Health Training, in Occupational Medicine." Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 38, no. 1 (January 1996): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199601000-00025.

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16

Michaelis, Christian, and Robin Busse. "Regional Disparities in the Training Market: Opportunities for Adolescents to Obtain a Company-Based Training Place Depending on Regional Training Market Conditions." International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 8, no. 1 (April 19, 2021): 87–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.8.1.5.

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Context: Due to limited geographical mobility, opportunities for adolescents interested in company-based training are primarily dependent on regional training offers. Competition for company-based training among adolescents varies regionally, and thus, the chance to obtain a training contract varies as well. In this article, we investigate the opportunities for adolescents to obtain company-based training depending on regional training market conditions. We assume that the advantages of obtaining a company-based training place exist in areas of decreased competition among interested adolescents. However, the question is whether those advantages will differ between adolescents depending on characteristics such as school achievement, socioeconomic status or migration background. Furthermore, we assume that, above all, market-induced ease-of-access to company-based training exists for occupations that face hiring challenges and indicates less occupational attractiveness.Methods: The transition from school (after 9th and 10th grade) to company-based training is analysed using data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS, starting cohort 4). This dataset is merged with the official regional training market data regarding local supply and demand ratio for training places (called "SDR") in the dual system of Vocational Education and Training in Germany. Logistic regressions are used to predict the probabilities of obtaining a training place. The focus lies on the interaction effects between SDR and adolescents’ education-related characteristics (school certificates and grade point average), socioeconomic characteristics and migration backgrounds. Subgroup-specific analyses of different clusters of hiring challenges for trainee occupations are used to examine whether these effects are valid for all occupations.Findings: The results confirm regional differences in obtaining a training place depending on the SDR. Here, applicant hierarchies according to educational achievement continue to exist if competition for company-based training among adolescents decreases. Beneficiaries are better-qualified adolescents with poorer GPAs. SDR hardly influences social disparities. However, the advantages of obtaining a company-based training place primarily exist for training occupations with hiring challenges when competition for company-based training among adolescents decreases. These occupations have a significantly lower occupational prestige (ISEI-08) compared to occupations with fewer hiring challenges.Conclusion: The results make it clear that market-induced ease-of-access to company-based training is not necessarily an advantage. Because the findings indicate that the advantages pertain mainly to low-prestige occupations, it can be assumed that career-path disadvantages can arise down the road. Future studies should investigate this in more differentiated ways.

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17

Fischer-Browne, Melanie. "Pushing Higher or Lower? Divergent Parental Expectations and Compromises in Occupational Choice." Social Inclusion 10, no. 2 (June 9, 2022): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v10i2.5056.

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Many adolescents in Germany are unable to realize their realistic occupational aspirations when they transition from school to vocational education and training (VET). However, little is known about the underlying circumstances and what the compromises look like when these adolescents come to take up a VET occupation. As parents perform an important socialization role, which is also influential in occupational orientation, this article examines the role of divergent parental expectations. Are parental expectations, which differ from adolescents’ realistic occupational aspirations, related to the probability that adolescents will take up different occupations than they originally aspired to? Are relatively higher or lower parental expectations associated with a corresponding direction of compromise formation? Are there differences between men and women in the relationship between divergent parental expectations and compromise formation? This empirical analysis is based on a sample of 1243 VET entrants from the starting cohort 4 of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). The compromise formation of the adolescents is measured by comparing their realistic occupational aspirations from ninth grade with their first VET occupation. Results from multinomial logistic regression models show that adolescents adjust their occupational choices to their parents’ divergent expectations. Women are more likely to make compromises that accommodate their parents’ higher expectations.

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18

Fischer-Browne, Melanie. "Pushing Higher or Lower? Divergent Parental Expectations and Compromises in Occupational Choice." Social Inclusion 10, no. 2 (June 9, 2022): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i4.5056.

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Анотація:

Many adolescents in Germany are unable to realize their realistic occupational aspirations when they transition from school to vocational education and training (VET). However, little is known about the underlying circumstances and what the compromises look like when these adolescents come to take up a VET occupation. As parents perform an important socialization role, which is also influential in occupational orientation, this article examines the role of divergent parental expectations. Are parental expectations, which differ from adolescents’ realistic occupational aspirations, related to the probability that adolescents will take up different occupations than they originally aspired to? Are relatively higher or lower parental expectations associated with a corresponding direction of compromise formation? Are there differences between men and women in the relationship between divergent parental expectations and compromise formation? This empirical analysis is based on a sample of 1243 VET entrants from the starting cohort 4 of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). The compromise formation of the adolescents is measured by comparing their realistic occupational aspirations from ninth grade with their first VET occupation. Results from multinomial logistic regression models show that adolescents adjust their occupational choices to their parents’ divergent expectations. Women are more likely to make compromises that accommodate their parents’ higher expectations.

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19

Torres-Hostench, Olga. "Occupational Integration Training in Translation." Meta 57, no. 3 (July 8, 2013): 787–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017091ar.

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This article presents the research carried out at the Faculty of Translation and Interpreting at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain) to evaluate how prepared its postgraduates were for employment. First, students were given an initial test to evaluate their competences related to knowledge, skills and attitudes with regard to occupational integration. Next, an improvement program was designed accordingly, implemented and evaluated. Finally, a posttest was given and we compared the results of the pretest and the posttest. The research suggested that there was a need to incorporate into master’s and postgraduate courses not only content on knowledge of the translation market and the profession but also content to help students develop specific skills and attitudes for finding a job in translation. This research may interest translation course designers and lecturers, who may want to consider including employment programs in translation courses.

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20

Choi, Won-Jun. "Occupational medicine training in Korea." Safety and Health at Work 13 (January 2022): S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.956.

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21

Mays, J. H. "Assertiveness Training for Occupational Therapists." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 41, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.41.1.51.

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22

Hegmann, Kurt, Patricia Barrier, and Royce Moser,. "Occupational Medicine Training Program Surveys." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 35, no. 8 (August 1993): 768–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199308000-00012.

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23

Harber, Philip, and Alan Ducatman. "Training Pathways for Occupational Medicine." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 48, no. 4 (April 2006): 366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000205206.54491.1c.

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24

Smith, Eric S. "Training Pathways for Occupational Medicine." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 48, no. 11 (November 2006): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000229799.02871.b6.

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25

Sheedy, Gina. "Training Pathways for Occupational Medicine." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 48, no. 11 (November 2006): 1113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000240653.72948.8b.

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26

Pierce, James. "Niosh Training in Occupational Health." Toxicology and Industrial Health 5, no. 4 (October 1989): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378900500405.

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27

Stumphauzer, Jerome S. "Chapter 11: Occupational Skills Training:." Child & Youth Services 8, no. 1-2 (November 21, 1986): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j024v08n01_11.

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Ward, Julie A., Randal D. Beaton, Annie M. Bruck, and A. B. de Castro. "Promoting Occupational Health Nursing Training." AAOHN Journal 59, no. 9 (September 2011): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507991105900904.

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Bertsche, Patricia K., Jill S. Sanborn, and Edward R. Jones. "Occupational Medicine Residency Training Programs." AAOHN Journal 37, no. 8 (August 1989): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/216507998903700803.

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30

Kaggestad, Janette, and Egil W. Martinsen. "Physical Training as Occupational Therapy." World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin 11, no. 1 (January 1985): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14473828.1985.11785112.

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31

Harrison, John. "Specialist training in occupational medicine." TBV – Tijdschrift voor Bedrijfs- en Verzekeringsgeneeskunde 16, no. 10 (December 2008): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03078106.

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32

Lewis, Andrew. "Training Sessions for Occupational Safety991Morris Ashton. Training Sessions for Occupational Safety. Gower, 1998. £225.00." Industrial and Commercial Training 31, no. 3 (June 1999): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict.1999.31.3.120.1.

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33

Watson, Mark B., Cheryl D. Foxcroft, Martina A. Horn, and Graham B. Stead. "Occupational Aspirations of Black South African Adolescents." Psychological Reports 80, no. 2 (April 1997): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.2.627.

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Анотація:

The present study provides a description of the occupational aspirations of 216 black high school students in a special program by the amount of training required (status) and Holland's 1973 typology as well as by gender, age, socioeconomic status, knowledge of self, and occupational knowledge. Analysis indicates that most adolescents aspire to Social and Investigative occupations, and occupations with a high status. Most of this select sample displayed low self- and occupational knowledge. Aspirations appear unrealistic in terms of trends within the labor market, but might be more realistic with effective and relevant guidance programs in schools

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Gontarenko, A. F., E. V. Klovach, and I. V. Tsirin. "Occupational Injuries and Innovations in the Occupational Safety Training." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 3 (March 2022): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-3-84-92.

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Analysis of the causes of industrial injuries at the enterprises of the Russian Federation over the past 20 years shows that organizational causes remain dominant in the overall structure of the causes of injuries with severe consequences. They are based on the human factor when the actions of the employee himself leading to negative events are primarily due to the low level of his competencies in the field of occupational safety. In September 2022, as part of the reform of the regulatory legal framework in the field of occupational safety training, regulatory legal acts approved by the Government of the Russian Federation defining a new procedure for occupational safety training will come into force. New requirements were developed considering risk-oriented approach, they are based on the current trends in the occupational safety training and are harmonized with the international understanding of the occupational safety training outside of education. Competencies in the field of occupational safety are formed in various areas, broken down into individual programs considering the availability and levels of the occupational risks, which are assessed by the employer within the framework of the relevant procedure of the occupational safety management system. The requirements of new documents are analyzed in terms of conducting briefings, internships at the workplace, training in the occupational safety requirements, including the new types of training in first aid to the victim and the use of personal protective equipment by the employees, as well as in terms of organizing knowledge testing of the occupational safety requirements. In addition, the changes in the rules of accreditation and in the requirements for accredited organizations for training in the field of occupational safety are considered.

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Lynn, Freda B., and George Ellerbach. "A Position with a View." American Sociological Review 82, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 32–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122416671743.

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The differentiation of occupations is of central concern to stratification scholars studying class and mobility, yet little is known about how individuals actually see the occupational landscape. Sociologists have long collected data on individual perceptions of where occupations stand relative to one another, but these data are rarely used to study the logics that individuals employ when categorizing occupations. Using the 1989 GSS occupational prestige module, we investigate how cognitive maps of the occupational hierarchy vary in terms of content and structure. The results show that maps are more homogeneous among individuals with more versus less education. This increased consensus arises, in part, because better educated respondents are more likely to set aside training-intensive occupations as a relatively elite set of occupations at the top of the hierarchy. In contrast, less educated respondents generate more gradational classification systems that are significantly less sensitive to training intensiveness as a basis for categorical distinction. This study contributes to our empirical knowledge of valuation and raises new questions about how individuals organize and navigate social structures.

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NAKAMURA, Saki, Tomohisa NAGATA, Masako NAGATA, Takashi MARUYAMA, Seiichiro TATEISHI, Shigeyuki KAJIKI, Kotaro KAYASHIMA, Akizumi TSUTSUMI, and Koji MORI. "Effect of the Occupational Health Practical Training Course Offered by the Occupational Health Training Center." Journal of UOEH 32, no. 3 (2010): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.32.281.

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Cihangiroglu, Necmettin, Gulfer Dogan Pekince, Nurgul Dogan, Cenk Kilic, and Bilal Bakir. "Occupational stress of the nonmedical personnel at a training hospital." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (January 12, 2016): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjhss.v2i2.420.

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Cornford, Ian. "Career Counselling, Possible Selves and Changing Occupational Skill Requirements." Australian Journal of Career Development 4, no. 2 (July 1995): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841629500400212.

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The concept of possible selves is important in understanding client selection of an occupation from a range of choices as well as the development of motivation for the successful pursuit of required courses of training or study in order to achieve employment. Recent changes to many jobs and skill requirements, stemming from technological and economic changes, mean that clients may bring with them beliefs and prejudices about occupations that are based upon incorrect information. Such beliefs have the potential to adversely affect the process of effective career selection and the development of concepts of possible selves that are close to reality. This article considers what career counsellors may do to facilitate clients' formulation of realistic conceptions of possible selves that accurately reflect actual, current occupational skill requirements.

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Ricci, Federico, Andrea Chiesi, Carlo Bisio, Chiara Panari, and Annalisa Pelosi. "Effectiveness of occupational health and safety training." Journal of Workplace Learning 28, no. 6 (August 8, 2016): 355–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-11-2015-0087.

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Purpose This meta-analysis aims to verify the efficacy of occupational health and safety (OHS) training in terms of knowledge, attitude and beliefs, behavior and health. Design/methodology/approach The authors included studies published in English (2007–2014) selected from ten databases. Eligibility criteria were studies concerned with the effectiveness of OHS training for primary prevention of workplace injury; and studies focused on examined outcome related to OHS. Findings The selected studies (n = 28) highlighted a strong support for the effectiveness of training on worker OHS attitudes and beliefs and, to a lesser extent, on worker’s knowledge but only medium for behavior and small evidences for its effectiveness on health. Research limitations/implications Future research should more deeply investigate the efficacy on knowledge increase of trainings delivered by experts and researchers, applying different methods, in a small group; training delivered by peer and by researcher, applying different methods; and trained workers less than 29 years and more than 49 years old, considering that workers in these age groups are particularly vulnerable to fatalities. Practical implications Our study is a contribution for those they intend to grant effective training, in response to specific needs of OHS. The evidences presented could be considered a first step to identify the factors related to the efficacy of OHS training to plan adequate interventions. Social implications The OHS training is effective on the basis of the extent interventions are carried out for each specific learning outcome. Originality/value This meta-analysis suggested that classroom training, although the most used and studied, does not ever revealed itself very effective: it was not significant for outcomes in terms of knowledge and showed a decreasing efficacy for attitudes and beliefs, behaviors and health. It seemed that there was a distinction between interventions on knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, as opposed to behavioral interventions and health.

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Ramano, E., W. Pretorius, M. de Jager, T. Oldfield, D. Scriba, and B. Moriti. "Occupational therapists' perceived ability to treat and assist bereaved individuals to find new meaning in life through engagement in therapeutic activities." South African Journal of Occupational Therapy 52, no. 3 (December 2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2022/vol52n3a5.

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INTRODUCTION: Previous studies on bereavement have focused on the implications for bereaved individuals from behavioural and psychological perspectives. Limited literature discusses occupational therapists' perceived ability to treat bereaved individuals and how activities can be used to create new meaning to their lives. METHOD: A descriptive qualitative design was employed in the study to elicit occupational therapists' perceived ability to treat bereaved individuals find new meaning in their life. Thirty-five occupational therapists were recruited, and nine participated in two focus groups. Data collected were thematically analysed. FINDINGS: Three themes emerged, namely: (1) activities used in occupational therapy creates opportunities for new meaning to life after loss of a loved one, (2) appropriate occupational therapists' helping skills and professional behaviour to assist and treat the bereaved, and (3) perceived barriers to positive outcomes in treating the bereaved. CONCLUSION: Bereaved individuals often have impaired performance in occupations and emotional processing. The effects of bereavement were addressed using the appropriate occupational therapist helping skills and professional behaviour to guide holistic, occupation-based and client-centred treatment. Bereaved individuals were treated through purposeful activities, facilitation of therapeutic groups and self-management skills training which seemed to create opportunities for new meaning in their life. Occupational therapists need to be cognisant of the barriers that negatively influence the positive outcome of occupational therapy services.

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Ecin, Seval Müzeyyen, Adem Koyuncu, Abdulsamet Sandal, Sultan Pınar Çetintepe, Nursel Çalık Başaran, Şerife Gül Öz, and Ali Naci Yıldız. "Effect of A Brief Education On The Occupational History Taking In Hypertension Patients." Acta Medica 49, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32552/2018.actamedica.324.

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Objective: This study is designed to measure the effect of 10-minutes training about occupational diseases, history taking and relation of occupation and hypertension on occupational history taking rates of physicians. Materials and Methods: This research is conducted between 01 April 2018 to 31 May 2018 at Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic. The training including the importance and methods of taking occupational history, and the relation between occupation and diseases is given to the new assistant doctor group as an extra 10 minutes’ education session. At the end of May, researchers screened electronic medical files of patients who diagnosed with hypertension (ICD10 code I10) of outpatients in General Internal Medicine Division in April and May 2018. Results: We reviewed the data of 3619 adult patients administered to General Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic of Hacettepe University Hospitals in between 01 April to 31 May 2018. A total of 395 (10.9%) patients had hypertension diagnosis code. The total number of patients whose occupational history taken were 151 (38.2%). There were statistically significant difference between physician groups not trained in April and trained 10 minutes in May, 62 (32%), and 89 (44.3%), respectively (p:0.012). Among the hypertensive patients whose occupational history were recorded, 36 (23.8%) had an occupation. Conclusion: This result emphasizes the importance of education in raising awareness of taking an occupational history. As occupational diseases are 100% preventable diseases, taking occupational history will enhance the diagnosis and effective treatment of the occupational or work-related diseases. Beginning from the medical faculty lectures, seminars and post-graduate education have to be added and increased regarding this important issue. Keywords: Occupational history, occupational disease, hypertension.

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Temiz, Ebru. "Research about occupational anxiety levels of teacher candidates that take pedagogical formation regarding field variable." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2016): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i1.297.

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Teaching profession is one of the most popular occupations of today regarding becoming a government official or finding a job. Pedagogical formation training programs opened in the last two years and the student demand for the programs opened constitute the most important indication of this situation. After the pedagogical formation training (for one or two periods), if the candidates are appointed, then they will directly start performing the requirements of occupation. Thus, it is an issue of concern at what level the candidates that do not choose Faculty of Education in their undergraduate education are ready for teaching profession.With this research, it is aimed to reveal the occupation anxieties of teacher candidates graduated from Faculty of Science, Faculty of Literature and Faculty of Fine Arts. Data collection means of the research is Teacher Candidate Anxiety Scale that is customized and developed by Saban, Korkmaz and Akbas (2004). Scale consists of three sub-dimensions which are egocentric, duty-centered and student centered anxieties. 105 teacher candidates in Music, Mathematics, Turkish and Science fields that were educated in Nigde University Faculty of Education Pedagogical Formation program in 2013-2014 academic year form the study group of the research. Occupational anxieties of teacher candidates are analyzed regarding field variable and comparisons are made. According to research findings, in occupational anxieties of teacher candidates regarding field variable; in egocentric anxieties in music and mathematics, in duty-centered anxieties significant different is observed music and mathematics with music and science fields. Student centered anxieties do not show any differences according to field variable.Â Keywords: Pedagogic formation, occupational anxiety, teacher

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Rasteiro, André, Vanessa Santos, and Luís Miguel Massuça. "Physical Training Programs for Tactical Populations: Brief Systematic Review." Healthcare 11, no. 7 (March 28, 2023): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11070967.

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This review aims (i) to identify and analyze the physical training programs used for tactical personnel (TP) and (ii) to understand the effects of physical training programs on the health and fitness, and occupational performance of tactical personnel. A literature search used the keywords ‘Physical Training Program’, ‘Police’, ‘Law Enforcement’, and ‘Firefighter’. A total of 23 studies out of 11.508 analyzed were included. All studies showed acceptable methodological quality in assessing physical fitness (PF), and training programs’ effect sizes (Cohen’s d) on PF attributes were calculated. The results showed that physical training programs (duration > four weeks) can improve (medium-to-large effects) (i) measures of physical fitness and (ii) performance in simulations of occupationally specific tasks. This review provides summary information (i) to help select (or adjust) physical training programs for TP and (ii) to clarify the effect of different occupational-specific training interventions on fitness measures and health-related parameters for TP.

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Talbot-Coulombe, Claudia, and Manon Guay. "Occupational therapy training on palliative and end-of-life care: Scoping review." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 83, no. 10 (July 2, 2020): 609–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022620926935.

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Introduction While occupational therapists promote quality of life enabling occupation, many receive little to no training on palliative and end-of-life care. This study synthesizes relevant literature to find out what is known about training for them on this matter. Methods A scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework exploring literature on palliative and end-of-life care training in occupational therapy (French or English; undergraduate or graduate). The first author screened the titles, abstracts, and keywords and selected literature to be read by the teams to extract and include relevant knowledge. Corroborated thematic analysis synthesized the findings. Result Out of the 384 publications initially identified, 25 were included in the review. To be trained in palliative and end-of-life care, occupational therapists have to (a) be exposed to knowledge on specific (b) topics required for competent practice using (c) educational strategies supporting learning about palliative and end-of-life care. Conclusion Whereas introductory-level knowledge of palliative and end-of-life care should be offered to all students, advanced training should allow occupational therapists to master the philosophy of this type of care, deepen the understanding of topics such as being confronted with death, and empower them to advocate for their unique contribution.

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Simmons, Juliana M., Amy K. Liebman, and Rosemary K. Sokas. "Occupational Health in Community Health Centers: Practitioner Challenges and Recommendations." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 28, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 110–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048291117749937.

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Primary care clinicians may be the only source of occupational healthcare for many low-wage, high-risk workers who experience disproportionate occupational hazards. The authors explored barriers to providing occupational healthcare and recommendations for overcoming these challenges. The team conducted six focus groups and eleven key-informant interviews in two community health centers and among clinicians, community health workers, and other personnel from similar settings. Clinicians reported not utilizing occupational information during clinical encounters and identified competing priorities, limited appointment time, and lack of training as key barriers. They cited workers’ compensation as a source of confusion and frustration. However, most participants recognized occupation as an important social determinant of health and expressed interest in additional training and resources. Participants agreed that referral mechanisms for occupational medicine specialists and worker centers and changes in quality performance measures and electronic health records would be useful and that workers’ compensation and immigration policies need reform.

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Schneider, JohnD, and Tar-Ching Aw. "Occupational health practice: Training and accreditation." Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 16, no. 1 (2012): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5278.99698.

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Škerjanc, Alenka. "European Training Requirements in Occupational Medicine." Safety and Health at Work 13 (January 2022): S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.945.

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Cole, Kenneth, and Lyla Campbell. "Interdisciplinary Team Training for Occupational Therapists." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 4, no. 4 (September 30, 1986): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j148v04n04_08.

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Cole, Kenneth D., and Lyla J. Campbell. "Interdisciplinary Team Training for Occupational Therapists." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 4, no. 4 (January 1986): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j148v04n04_08.

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Stew, Graham. "Mindfulness Training for Occupational Therapy Students." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 74, no. 6 (June 2011): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4276/030802211x13074383957869.

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